E4618 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT PLAN AZERBAIJAN REGIONAL ROADS DEVELOPMENT PROJECT SHIRVAN – SALYAN ROAD (R45) SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS July, 2014 AZERBAIJAN REPUBLIC MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT Azeryolservis ASC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT PLAN AZERBAIJAN REGIONAL ROADS DEVELOPMENT PROJECT SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Azeryolservis ASC Client International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) Project Azerbaijan Regional Roads Development Project Title Environmental Assessment: Shirvan – Noxudlu – Salayn Road (R45), Salyan – Neftchala Road (R46) & Associated Local Roads TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................ 4 ACRONYMS ......................................................................................................................... 9 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................................... 11 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... 11 2. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ............................................................................... 11 3. EXITING CONDITIONS ........................................................................................... 12 4. IMPACT IDENTIFICATION ........................................................................................ 13 5. MITIGATION ACTIONS ............................................................................................. 15 6. MONITORING ACTIONS ....................................................................................... 17 7. CONSULTATIONS ................................................................................................. 18 8. IMPLEMENTATION ................................................................................................ 18 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 19 1.1 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT ...................................................................................... 19 1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT AND PROJECT PROPONENT ................................... 19 1.3 THE NATURE, SIZE, LOCATION AND IMPORTANCE OF THE PROJECT ............................. 19 1.4 EIA BOUNDARIES .............................................................................................. 20 1.5 METHODOLOGY APPLIED .................................................................................... 20 1.6 CONSTRAINTS AND LIMITATIONS ........................................................................... 21 1.7 STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT ................................................................................... 21 2. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ................................................ 22 2.1 GENERAL .......................................................................................................... 22 2.2 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ............................ 22 2.3 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES .................................................................. 23 2.4 OTHER REGULATIONS RELATING TO ENVIRONMENT AND ROAD CONSTRUCTION.......... 24 2.5 INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL AGREEMENTS..................................................... 28 2.6 CONSTRUCTION PERMITS ..................................................................................... 29 2.7 AIR, NOISE AND WATER QUALITY STANDARDS........................................................ 31 2.8 ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ............................................................................. 33 2.9 WORLD BANK POLICIES ...................................................................................... 34 2.9.1 General ............................................................................................... 34 2.9.2 Environmental Assessment ............................................................... 34 2.9.3 Other Relevant Policies..................................................................... 35 EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 4 ROADS 3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................... 38 3.1 GENERAL .......................................................................................................... 38 3.2 TYPE OF PROJECT ............................................................................................... 38 3.3 CATEGORY OF PROJECT ..................................................................................... 38 3.4 PROJECT NEED AND LOCATION .......................................................................... 39 3.4.1 Indicative Implementation Arrangements .................................... 40 3.5 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING ................................................................................... 42 3.6 TYPICAL ROAD CONDITIONS ............................................................................... 58 3.7 SCOPE OF WORKS.............................................................................................. 59 3.8 LOCAL ROADS .................................................................................................. 66 3.9 PROPOSED SCHEDULE FOR IMPLEMENTATION .......................................................... 69 3.10 LIFE SPAN OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT ................................................................ 69 4. BASELINE DATA ........................................................................................................... 70 4.1 GENERAL .......................................................................................................... 70 4.2 PHYSICAL RESOURCES ........................................................................................ 70 4.2.1 Geology .............................................................................................. 70 4.2.2 Topography ........................................................................................ 71 4.2.3 Soils ...................................................................................................... 71 4.2.4 Climate and Air Quality .................................................................... 72 4.2.5 Hydrology ........................................................................................... 73 4.2.6 Natural Hazards ................................................................................. 84 4.3 BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES .................................................................................... 84 4.3.1 Flora ..................................................................................................... 84 4.3.2 Fauna .................................................................................................. 87 4.3.3 Protected Areas ................................................................................ 89 4.3.4 Borrow Pits........................................................................................... 91 4.4 SOCIO-ECONOMIC RESOURCES .......................................................................... 94 4.4.1 Infrastructure ...................................................................................... 94 4.4.2 Land Use ............................................................................................. 95 4.4.3 Waste Management......................................................................... 96 4.4.4 Population .......................................................................................... 97 4.4.5 Socio-economic Issues ..................................................................... 98 4.4.6 Health & Safety ................................................................................ 100 4.4.7 Educational Facilities ...................................................................... 101 4.4.8 Cultural Heritage ............................................................................. 102 4.4.9 Noise .................................................................................................. 102 5. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS ................................................................ 105 EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED 5 LOCAL ROADS 5.1 GENERAL ....................................................................................................... 105 5.2 IMPACT PHASES .............................................................................................. 105 5.3 TYPE OF IMPACTS ............................................................................................ 106 5.4 SUMMARY OF IMPACTS .................................................................................... 107 5.5 IMPACTS TO PHYSICAL RESOURCES .................................................................... 111 5.5.1 Geology & Soils ............................................................................... 111 5.5.1.1 Potential Impacts ......................................................................... 111 5.5.1.2 Mitigation Measures .................................................................... 112 5.5.2 Topography ..................................................................................... 113 5.5.2.1 Potential Impacts to Topography ............................................. 113 5.5.3 Climate and Air Quality ................................................................. 114 5.5.3.1 Potential Air Quality Impacts...................................................... 114 5.5.3.2 Potential Climate Change Impacts .......................................... 116 5.5.3.3 Air Quality Mitigation ................................................................... 116 5.5.4.4 Climate Change Mitigation ...................................................... 117 5.5.5 Hydrology ........................................................................................ 117 5.5.5.1 Potential Hydrological Impacts ................................................. 117 5.5.5.2 Hydrological Mitigation ............................................................... 118 5.5.6 Natural Hazards .............................................................................. 121 5.6 IMPACTS TO BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES ................................................................ 121 5.6.1 Flora .................................................................................................. 121 5.6.1.1 Potential Impacts to Flora........................................................... 121 5.6.1.2 Flora Mitigation Measures ........................................................... 122 5.6.2 Fauna ............................................................................................... 124 5.6.2.1 Potential Impacts to Fauna ........................................................ 124 5.6.2.2 Fauna Mitigation Measures ........................................................ 124 5.6.3 Protected Areas ............................................................................. 129 5.6.4 Borrow Pits........................................................................................ 129 5.6.4.1 Potential Borrow Pit Impacts ...................................................... 129 5.6.4.2 Borrow Pit Mitigation Measures .................................................. 129 5.7 IMPACTS TO SOCIO-ECONOMIC RESOURCES ...................................................... 131 5.7.1 Infrastructure ................................................................................... 131 5.7.1.1 Potential Impacts to Infrastructure ............................................ 131 5.7.1.2 Infrastructure Mitigation .............................................................. 132 5.7.2 Land Use .......................................................................................... 133 5.7.2.1 Potential Impacts to Land Use ................................................... 133 5.7.2.2 Infrastructure Mitigation Measures ............................................ 133 5.7.3 Waste Management...................................................................... 133 EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 6 ROADS 5.7.3.1 Potential Impacts from Waste.................................................... 133 5.7.3.1 Waste Mitigation .......................................................................... 134 5.7.4 Population ....................................................................................... 135 5.7.4.1 Potential Impacts to Populations............................................... 135 5.7.4.2 Mitigation Measures .................................................................... 135 5.7.5 Socio-Economic Conditions.......................................................... 136 5.7.5.1 Potential Socio-economic Impacts .......................................... 136 5.7.5.2 Socio-economic Mitigation ........................................................ 136 5.7.6 Health and Safety .......................................................................... 136 5.7.6.1 Potential Health and Safety Impacts ........................................ 136 5.7.6.2 Health and Safety Mitigation Measures ................................... 137 5.7.7 Educational facilities ...................................................................... 139 5.7.8 Cultural Heritage ............................................................................ 139 5.7.8.1 Potential Impacts to Cultural Heritage ..................................... 139 5.7.8.2 Cultural Heritage Mitigation ....................................................... 139 5.7.9 Noise ................................................................................................. 139 5.7.9.1 Potential Noise Impacts .............................................................. 139 5.7.9.2 Noise Mitigation ........................................................................... 141 6. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN .................................................................. 142 6.1 GENERAL ........................................................................................................ 142 6.3 IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES ...................................... 143 6.3.1 PIU Responsibilities ........................................................................... 143 6.3.2 Design Consultant Responsibilities ................................................ 144 6.3.3 Construction Supervision Consultant (Engineer) Responsibilities 220 6.3.4 Contractor Responsibilities ............................................................. 221 6.3.5 Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) .......... 221 6.3.6 Site Induction ................................................................................... 222 6.3.7 Reporting .......................................................................................... 222 6.3.8 World Bank responsibilities .............................................................. 223 6.4 PIU CAPACITY BUILDING REQUIREMENTS ............................................................. 224 6.5 EMP COSTS .................................................................................................... 224 6.6 EMP IMPLEMENTATION SUMMARY ...................................................................... 226 6.7 LOCAL ROADS SCREENING ............................................................................... 228 7. STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS............................................................................... 231 7.1 GENERAL ........................................................................................................ 231 7.2 METHODOLOGY............................................................................................... 231 7.3 CONSULTATION FINDINGS ................................................................................. 232 EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED 7 LOCAL ROADS 8. CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................. 234 8.1 CONCLUSIONS ............................................................................................... 234 8.2 RECOMMENDATIONS ....................................................................................... 234 APPENDIX A - RECORDS OF CONSULTATION MEETINGS ............................................... 236 APPENDIX B – ENVIRONMENTAL MAPPING .................................................................... 262 ANNEX C – GREIVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM............................................................. 273 C-1 GENERAL ....................................................................................................... 273 C-2 REDRESS COMMITTEE, FOCAL POINTS, COMPLAINTS REPORTING, RECORDING AND MONITORING ........................................................................................................... 273 ANNEX D – VEHICLE WASHING BAY DESIGNS ............................................................... 275 ANNEX E – CONTRACTOR CHECKLISTS........................................................................... 277 ANNEX F – LOCAL ROADS ENVIRONMENTAL CHECKLISTS ............................................ 284 EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 8 ROADS ACRONYMS ARS Azerroadservis BGL Below Ground Level BOD Biological Oxygen Demand COD Chemical Oxygen Demand CO2 Carbon Dioxide CEMP Construction Environmental Management Plan dB(A) Decibels EA Environmental Assessment EIA Environmental Impact Assessment ELV Emissions Limits Values EMP Environmental Management Plan ERP Emergency Response Plan ESS Ecological Safety Sector FAO Food and Agriculture Organization GDP Gross Domestic Product GOA Government of Azerbaijan g/l Grams per liter IEE Initial Environmental Examination KM Kilometer KM/H Kilometers per Hour LARP Land Acquisition and Resettlement Plan m Meter MAC Maximum Allowable Concentrations MENR Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources Mg/l Milligrams per liter MOH Ministry of Health M/s Meters per second M3/s Cubic meters per second NES National Environmental Specialist NGO Non-governmental Organization NO Nitrogen Oxide NO2 Nitrogen Dioxide OP Operational Policy PIU Project Implementation Unit PM Particulate Matter PPM Parts Per Million UN United Nations ROW Right of Way SEE State Ecological “Expertise� SO2 Sulphur Dioxide UN United Nations EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 9 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS UNECE United Nations Economic Commission for Europe UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization USD United States Dollar TMP Traffic Management Plan WB World Bank WMP Waste Management Plan EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 10 ROADS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. INTRODUCTION This Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is part of the process of compliance with the World Bank Safeguard Policies in relation to the Azerbaijan Regional Roads Development Project. The purpose of the EIA is to provide a road map of the environmental measures needed to prevent and/or mitigate negative environmental effects associated with the design, construction and operation of the project. The EIA provides a detailed description of the direct and indirect environmental effects associated with the proposed subproject during key periods of work. More specifically, the EIA:  Describes the extent, duration and severity of the impacts;  Analyzes all potential impacts, both positive and negative;  Formulates the mitigation actions and presents it all in the form of an Environmental Management Plan (EMP). Based on the existing World Bank Operational Policy for Environmental Assessment (OP4.01), this Project falls under the World Banks project Category B. 2. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT The Project comprises the rehabilitation of the following two “Republica� or Regional roads:  The Shirvan Salyan Road (R45) - With a total length of 41 kilometers, the road connects the town of Shirvan with Salyan some 120 kilometers to the south of Baku.  The Salyan – Neftchala Road (R46) - The road connects the with the junction of the M3 in Salyan and continues in a south / easterly direction for 42 kilometers until it reaches its destination in Neftchala. The Project also includes a component for the minor upgrading of about 100- km connecting local roads in the Rayons of Sabiribad, Salyan and Neftchala to an all-weather surface. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 11 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS The Design phase of the Project has yet to commence, as such, the exact nature of the three Project components has yet to be determined. However, for the purpose of this EIA the following assumptions are made:1  The reconstruction of these roads is expected to follow the existing road alignments, with the possible exception of limited realignments to improve geometric characteristics and eliminate safety hazards. The extent of any realignment will be limited as land acquisition is to be avoided.  Reconstruction of the Respublica roads will include pavement strengthening. Such roads typical have a carriageway width of 7.5 m (2 x 3.75 m lanes) with two 3.75 m shoulders of which 0.75 m is be paved.  Within urban areas a carriageway width of 9.0 m with a footpath of 1.0 to 1.5 m width each side is required.  Design speeds of 100 km/h will be adopted for flat and undulated terrain and 50 km/h for urban areas.  Bridges and culverts will be reconstructed or rehabilitated.  Traffic safety features such as lighting, pedestrian crossings, road signs, road marking will also be incorporated.  R46 crosses one bridge which may require replacement. Both roads pass over numerous culverts. Regarding the Local Road, the reconstruction of these roads is expected to follow the existing road alignment, with the possible exception of very limited realignments to improve geometric characteristics and mitigate safety hazards. 3. EXITING CONDITIONS The Project Corridor (encompassing both the R45, R46 and potential local roads (most of which stem from either the R45 or R46)) traverses a flat landscape which has been heavily degraded by human activity for more than fifty years. There are no protected areas within the vicinity of the Project Corridor and no special status flora. Protected species have been noted within the Project Corridor and as such special mitigation measures for the identified species are proposed as part of this report. 1As per the ToR for the Selection of Consultants RFP for the Feasibility study, preparation of detailed design and bidding documents for the Rehabilitation of R45 Shirvan-Noxudlu-Salyan and R46 Salyan- Neftchala Regional Roads and Related Connecting Local Roads – December, 2013. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 12 ROADS Traffic volumes are very low along the poorly maintained corridor which is lined by a mix of small residential settlements, farmland and pasture land. At some locations the road passes within 50 meters of the Kur River which flows broadly parallel to the Project Corridor for its entire length, however the Project does not cross the river at any point. Domestic waste litters the landscape, especially in the settlements where locals appear to dispose of their garbage into drainage ditches on an ad-hoc basis. No sites of archeological or historical significance were observed that maybe impacted by the Project. The main socio-economic activity in the Project corridor is agriculture which the Project is anticipated to benefit by improving access to and from farms and to markets. Given the current low level of road traffic and general lack of industrial activity within the Project Corridor, noise is not considered to be a key environmental issue in the Project area at present. Several sensitive noise receptors have been identified within the Project corridor, and as such they may potentially be impacted negatively by short term construction noise and long term noise level increases caused by increased vehicle volumes. All of these receptors were located in the urban areas of the road corridor. 4. IMPACT IDENTIFICATION The EIA established that, primarily due to the degraded nature of the environment, there were no significant socio-environmental issues that could not be either prevented or adequately mitigated to levels acceptable to Azerbaijani and international standards. A complete Environmental Management Plan has been prepared for all three Project components, with tables listing mitigative measures and monitoring actions to be undertaken during the pre-construction, detailed design, construction and operating period of the project. The following provides a summary of the potential impacts associated with the R45 and R46 roads and also with the Local Roads rehabilitation works: Design Phase  Flooding – Given the location of the Project corridor within the flood plain of the Kur River and the possible impacts of climate change, flood events could impact significantly on the Project if designs are incorrect.  Tree cutting – Cutting of trees within the Right of Way will be required. All applicable regulations should be followed regarding cutting and compensation to avoid impacts to the owners of the trees.  Livestock – Pastureland is a main land use in the Project area. Herds of livestock are often noted crossing the road. Suitable passages need to be provided to limit the potential for accidents involving vehicles and livestock.  Health and Safety – Increased traffic often leads to increased numbers of accidents. Accordingly, designs need to ensure the road limits the potential for accidents as far as practical. Construction Phase EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 13 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS  Dust and Emissions – Movement and operation of construction vehicles and machinery will result in short term, elevated concentrations of dust and emissions.  Water Quality – Spills and poor storage of liquid waste and hazardous liquids could have negative impacts to water quality.  Soils – Spills and leaks of hazardous liquids can lead to contamination of soils that may have previously been productive. Poor construction management can also lead to issues such as soil compaction and soil erosion.  Protected Species – A number of protected species have been identified within the Project corridor. Construction works could impact negatively on these species without due care and attention.  Tree Cutting – without adequate maintenance newly planted trees may not survive.  Borrow Pits – Opening, operating and closure of borrow pits can result in multiple impacts if poorly managed. Impacts may include air quality issues, noise and impacts to flora and fauna.  Infrastructure – Working within villages in the Project corridor may necessitate the removal (temporarily) of utilities. This can create social tensions if potential disruptions are not discussed with locals and alternative measures are not provided.  Cultural Heritage – No cultural heritage items were noted in the Project corridor, however chance finds could occur.  Noise – Operation of construction vehicles and machinery can lead to elevated levels of noise within residential areas.  Waste and Spoil – Where possible cut will be balanced with fill. However, there maybe some excess fill materials that will require disposal at a suitable location. In addition camps and worksites will generate a large volume of inert and to a lesser extent, hazardous waste  Health and Safety – The potential exists for health and safety impacts to villagers (especially school children) living and working within the construction areas, and also to the construction workers themselves if they do not have appropriate equipment for their jobs. Operational Phase  Noise – without sufficient data (traffic counts, detailed designs) it has not been possible to adequately assess potential noise impacts in the operational phase of the Project. Rough estimates of noise have been made in this report, but they are based on very subjective figures. These estimates indicate that noise levels may potentially increase above the stringent legal noise limits for urban areas in Azerbaijan – which may impact upon the identified sensitive receptors. Based on these estimates noise barriers would be required for most urban sections of the Project corridor. Accordingly a better understanding of the potential noise levels (based on actual design conditions and traffic forecasts) is required EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 14 ROADS before recommendations on this issue are made. As such, it has been recommended that during the design phase noise modeling is undertaken based on traffic forecasts and a detailed design to assess the locations where noise barriers may be required. 5. MITIGATION ACTIONS The summary mitigation measures for the potential impacts identified above for the R45 and R46 Roads include: Design Phase  Tree cutting – Surveys of exact numbers of trees to be cut will be undertaken and owners compensated according to the laws of Azerbaijan. Table 5-2 lists the potentially affected trees and their locations for R45 & R46.  Flooding – The Design Consultants shall consider the potential for current and future flood events within the Project area and establish an appropriate embankment height and drainage measures to account for potentially more regular and more intense flood events that could potentially affect both the R45 and R46 due to their location within the floodplain of the Kur River. All drainage works shall be designed based on the historical flood data and flood forecasting.  Livestock – Animal underpasses will be constructed at various locations within the Project Corridor to allow for the safe movement of livestock.  Health and Safety – The road construction will follow all applicable standards for road safety in Azerbaijan.  Noise – No noise barriers or noise protection methods are recommended in this EIA. Currently no detailed designs or traffic counts exist and any recommendations for noise barriers would be extremely subjective and not based on technical criteria. This does not however mean that noise barriers may not be required as part of the Project. It is therefore recommended that the following actions are undertaken during future phases of the Project: o Design Phase – The Design Consultant shall prepare traffic counts during this phase of the Project. He shall then undertake noise modeling based on detailed designs (which clearly show the distance and height of urban dwellings from the road side) and the results of the traffic counts. The objectives of the noise modeling are to assess which areas of the Project Corridor will be subjected to noise levels elevated above Azerbaijani noise standards during the operational phase of the Project (based on projections in 5 and ten years time). Based on the results of the noise modeling exercise the Design Consultant shall prepare designs for noise barriers where noise levels are anticipated to be exceeded within the Project EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 15 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Corridor. The design specifications shall be included in the Bill of Quantities supplied to potential Contractors during the construction contract bidding stage of the Project. The noise barrier design requirements and locations shall also be included in the Contractors contract. Pre-construction Phase  Management Plans – To ensure that all of the potential mitigation measures are applied at the construction phase, the Contractor shall be responsible in the Pre-construction phase for the preparation of his Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP), which shall include a, waste management plan, traffic safety plan, emergency response plan, health and safety plan, borrow pit plan and an air quality plan. The CSC shall be responsible for reviewing and approving all of the Contractors plans.  Resettlement – No resettlement is anticipated as part of the Project. However, a Resettlement Policy Framework has been prepared for the Project as part of the Projects Feasibility Study to ensure that any unanticipated resettlement is managed appropriately during the detailed design phase of the Project  Permits – The Contractor shall be responsible for obtaining all of the required environmental permits prior to the start of construction. All permits will be reviewed by the CSC before construction work commences. Construction Phase  Dust and Emissions – Proper control, siting and maintenance of equipment shall mitigate emissions impacts. Spraying of roads with water during dry periods and covering of friable materials will also help prevent dust impacts.  Water Quality – Proper siting and management of facilities as per the recommendations of the EIA will prevent impacts to water quality. Accidental spills could occur and provisions are recommended to manage such accidents.  Soils – Measures are outlined within the EIA to reduce the impacts of potential spills and leaks. They include storing hazardous liquids in special storage areas within concrete bunds and the provision on spill kits in these areas.  Protected Species – A range of measures have been provided to mitigate impacts to the protected species identified within this report (see Table 5-3 – Construction impact and mitigation measures for endangered species). They include items such as collection of Tortoises noted within working sites and release to suitable habitats and the surveying of old properties due to be demolished to ensure they are not used as habitats for bats. The EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 16 ROADS Contractor shall be responsible for implementing these measures with oversight from the Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC).  Borrow Pits – Top-soils should be saved and standard procedures adopted for the operation of borrow pits. Upon completion of works the pit should be reinstated to the form specified in the original borrow pit plan.  Tree cutting – The Contractor shall be responsible for maintaining newly planted trees for a period of six months after planting.  Infrastructure – Before the removal of utilities or other infrastructure (such as irrigation channels), the Contractor shall notify the general public of the potential disruption and arrangements will be made between the Contractor and those affected to minimize the disruption.  Noise – Noise levels from construction equipment and vehicles can be reduced by introducing activity time constraints and by ensuring proper siting and maintenance of equipment.  Waste and Spoil – The Contractor will be responsible for the safe collection and removal of all waste materials from his site. Accordingly, he should prepare contracts with a suitably licensed waste management contractor for the removal of inert and hazardous wastes from his sites. Waste manifests shall also be kept by the Contractor as proof of the shipment of these wastes.  Health and Safety – Health and safety plans, training and HIV/AIDS awareness programs will be provided by the Contractor. In addition he shall prepare traffic management plans to reduce potential impacts to villagers during construction periods. The Contractor shall also be responsible for providing adequate Personal Protective Equipment for all workers, including sub-contractors and site visitors.  Cultural Heritage – The EMP provides a procedure for chance finds. An Environmental Management Plan has been prepared for the R45, R46 and Local Roads. The EMP includes all of the mitigation and monitoring requirements specified in this report in a tabular format. The EMP will form part of Contractors contracts and shall also guide the Design Contractor and the Construction Supervision Consultant during all phases of the Project lifecycle. 6. MONITORING ACTIONS To ensure that all of the above mitigation actions are completed according to the requirements of the EMP, monitoring shall be undertaken of Project works by the CSC. as follows:  Observational Monitoring – The Contractors actions shall be continually monitored by the CSC throughout the Projects Construction phase. This will be achieved through weekly inspections of the Contractors environmental performance by national and international environmental specialists engaged by the CSC throughout the construction period. The CSC shall have the right to suspend works or payments if the Contractor is in violation of any of his obligations under the EMP and this EIA. The PIU EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 17 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Safeguards Officer will also undertake regular inspections of the Contractors camps and works in association with the CSC. 7. CONSULTATIONS Stakeholder consultations were undertaken in Neftechala, Salyan, Shirvan and Sabirabad between the 29th and 30th May, 2014. The consultations with villagers, local officials and government representatives did not reveal any environmental impacts that could not be mitigated by this EIA and its associated EMP. Section 7 of the Report provides an outline of the consultation procedures and summary of the main comments received. 8. IMPLEMENTATION The EMP, its mitigation and monitoring programs, contained herewith shall be included within the Project Bidding documents for project works. The Bid documents state that the Contractor shall be responsible for the implementation of the requirements of the EMP through his own Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) which will adopt all of the conditions of the EMP and add site specific elements that are not currently known, such as the Contractors final list of borrow pit locations. This ensures that all potential bidders are aware of the environmental requirements of the Project and its associated environmental costs. The EMP and all its requirements will also be added to the Contractors Contract, thereby making implementation of the EMP a legal requirement according to the Contract. He shall then prepare his CEMP which will be approved and monitored by the CSC. Should the CSC note any non- conformance with the CEMP the Contractor can be held liable for breach of the contractual obligations of the EMP. To ensure compliance with the CEMP the Contractor should employ a national environmental specialist to monitor and report Project activities throughout the Project Construction phase. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 18 ROADS 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT This Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is part of the process of compliance with the World Bank Safeguard Policies in relation to the Azerbaijan Regional Roads Development Project. The EIA provides a road map to the environmental measures needed to prevent and/or mitigate negative environmental effects associated with the development project. The EIA also provides a detailed description of the direct and indirect environmental effects associated with the proposed subproject during key periods of work. More specifically, the EIA:  Describes the existing socio-environmental conditions within the Project corridor;  Describes the extent, duration and severity of potential impacts;  Analyzes all significant impacts;  Formulates the mitigation actions and presents it all in the form of an Environmental Management Plan (EMP). 1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT AND PROJECT PROPONENT The Project is to be implemented by the Azeryolservis (ARS) under the aegis of the Ministry of Transport (MoT). The Government of Azerbaijan (GoA) intends to use funding from the Second Highway Project loan/credit towards these consulting services for the preparation of the Environmental Assessment Reports and Environmental Management Plans for the rehabilitation of these regional and local roads. 1.3 THE NATURE, SIZE, LOCATION AND IMPORTANCE OF THE PROJECT The Project includes three outputs: 1. Shirvan - Salyan Road (R45) - with a total length of 41 kilometers the road connects the town of Shirvan with Salyan some 120 kilometers to the south of Baku. The existing alignment, which connects with the M6 motorway (currently being rehabilitated) at Shirvan runs in a north south direction broadly following the Kur River before it concludes at the M3 junction in Salyan. 2. Salyan – Neftchala Road (R46) - the 42 kilometer road starts connects at the junction of the M3 in Salyan and continues in a southerly direction to Gadimkand whereupon it follows an easterly route parallel to the Kur river until it reaches its conclusion in Neftchala. 3. Improving 100 km local access roads - Minor upgrading of about 100-km connecting local roads in the Rayons of Sabiribad, Salyan and Neftchala to an all-weather surface. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 19 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS 1.4 EIA BOUNDARIES For the two Project Roads (R45 & R46) this EIA covers the entire length of both roads and for purposes of this impact assessment, an envelope of 200 meters wide on each side of the project roads over their entire length is identified as the primary impact area (“Project Area� or “Project Corridor�). This distance takes into account the common impacts associated with road works such as noise, dust and emissions. However, the project impact area maybe widened depending on conditions on the ground and with regard to specific construction sites outside of the right of way (RoW), e.g. borrow pits and camps. The road sections where sensitive receptors are present, such as schools, hospitals or other places where people congregate are given particular attention so that ample mitigation is formulated. For road sections that cross irrigation systems and canals (the Project does not cross any river), the impact assessment is expanded to cover the identified continuous extent of any ecologically important habitats / features along the Project Corridor. It is anticipated that most of the locals roads selected for rehabilitation will feed directly into both the R45 and R46 as it is assumed that the social and economic benefits associated with the rehabilitation of these connecting roads will be greater than roads isolated from the R45 and R46. Impacts resulting from the small scale rehabilitation activities will almost certainly not involve resettlement or land take, there will be no impacts to protected areas and almost all social and economic impacts will be beneficial. Negative impacts are likely to occur only to narrow bands of existing vegetation adjacent to the local roads and potentially to irrigation channels. 1.5 METHODOLOGY APPLIED The methodology is based on the World Bank Operational Policies and the joint experience of the International and National environmental consultants involved in the EIA. Background data and information was obtained from published and unpublished sources, e.g., on: climate, topography, geology and soils, natural resources, flora and fauna, agriculture, and socio-economic data. Several site inspections were conducted jointly by the International Environmental Specialist and National Counterpart during April, 2014. The existing roads were driven and areas of potential environmental significance assessed carefully. Formal discussions were held with a number of stakeholders (see Section 7) in order to determine their perceptions of the level of impact from road works. Data and information obtained have been included where appropriate in the EIA Report, and also as Annexes to this report. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 20 ROADS 1.6 CONSTRAINTS AND LIMITATIONS As stated above, the main limitation to the report is the lack of design, this has meant that the locations of local roads are not known and also that the exact scope of works is not known, e.g. how much embankment material will be required, locations and numbers of culverts, etc. This has also meant that a number of assumptions have been made about the specification of the road and the potential impacts that may result from construction of such a road. The assumptions are based upon the experience of the Consultants on other similar road projects, in particular the M6 which was constructed to a similar specification in a similar portion of the country. 1.7 STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT The report is organized as follows:  Section 1: Introduction – The section in hand provides the introductory information.  Section 2: Legal, Policy and Administrative Framework - This section presents an overview of the policy/legislative framework as well as the environmental assessment guidelines of Azerbaijan that apply to the proposed project. The section also identifies relevant World Bank Operational Policies that will apply.  Section 3: Description of the Project – Section 3 describes the Category of the Project, the Project need and its environmental setting. A limited scope of works is also provided indicating the type of engineering works required.  Section 4: Description of the Environment – This section of the report discusses the regional and local environmental baseline conditions. This section is divided into subsections relating to physical environment, biological environment and socio-economic conditions.  Section 5: Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures – Section 5 outlines the potential environmental impacts and proposes mitigation measures to manage the impacts.  Section 6: Environmental Management Plan – This section provides the EMP for the design, construction and operational phases of the Project.  Section 7: Public Consultations – Section 7 provides a summary of all of the stakeholder consultation activities undertaken.  Section 8: Conclusions and Recommendations – The final section of the report provides the report conclusions and recommendations. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 21 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS 2. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 2.1 GENERAL According to the EIA Terms of Reference, this section of the report shall “Discuss the policy, legal and administrative framework and their requirements (e.g. Azerbaijan legislation, World Bank, relevant international environmental agreements, comparison of the requirements of the Azerbaijan legislation and the World Bank policies, analyzing discrepancies and gaps, and the ways of addressing those gaps)�. Accordingly, this chapter presents descriptions of:  Institutional Framework for Environmental Management in Azerbaijan;  National Environmental Policies;  Other Regulations relating to Environment and Road Construction;  International Environmental Agreements;  Construction Permits; and  World Bank Policies. 2.2 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT The key environmental institution in Azerbaijan is the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources (MENR). MENR was established by Presidential Decree in 2001 from the former State Committee for Ecology and Natural Resources Utilization. At that time, MENR took over the functions of several other state bodies such as the departments of Hydrometerology, Geology, Forestry and Fishery. MENR‟ s activities are sub-divided into the following main areas:  Environmental policy development  Environmental protection  Water monitoring and management  Protection of marine (Caspian Sea) bio-resources  Forest management  Bioresources and protected areas management EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 22 ROADS MENR‟ s State Ecological Expertise (SEE) department (under the Department of Environmental Policy and Environmental Protection) is responsible for the review and approval of environmental impact assessments (EIAs) submitted by developers. There are over 60 ecological Non-Government Organisations (NGOs) in Azerbaijan. Two NGOs – Azerbaijan Centre for Biological Diversity and Azerbaijan Ornithological Society – were involved in the preparation of this EIA study. 2.3 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES The constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan defines principles for environmental protection and ownership of natural resources along with regulations for their use. The legislative framework relating to the environment consists of:  Parliamentary legislation that establishes the State regulation of strictly protected natural areas, and the protection and use of the environment and biodiversity.  Presidential Decrees and orders and the resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers that ensure the implementation of the major provisions of the laws.  By-laws of the executive authorities (Ministries and Committees) that specify the activities to implement the laws.  International Agreements and Conventions to which Azerbaijan is a signatory. The Law on Environmental Protection (EP) of 1999 governs environmental protection in Azerbaijan. Legislation on land use and development consists of the Land Code and other legislative acts. Laws on the protection and sustainable use of natural resources include: Law on Plant Protection (1996), Forestry Code (1997), Water Code (1997), Law on Fisheries (1998), Law on Fauna (1999) and Law on Specially Protected Natural Areas and Object (2000). Laws regulating environmental pollutants include those relating to environmental protection (1999), atmospheric pollution (2001), pesticides and agrochemicals (1997), industrial and domestic waste (1998) and water supply and wastewater (1999). There are several different categories of officially protected areas in Azerbaijan including:  National Parks, e.g. Shirvan National Park and Hirkan Forest National Park: areas with ecological, historical and aesthetic values, designated for nature protection, environmental awareness, scientific, cultural and other EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 23 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS purposes. All land and natural resources belong to the Park management authority, and some economic activities (including ecological tourism) are allowed.  Strict Nature Reserves, e.g. Gyzyl-Agach Bay State Nature Reserve and designated Ramsar Wetland of International Importance: state-owned, strictly protected areas designated for nature protection and scientific research. No economic activity is allowed. All have management plans and both enforcement and scientific staff. There are special buffer zones around these areas, and other natural areas such as rivers and water sources. The level of protection given to different protected areas depends on their significance – international, national, regional or local. 2.4 OTHER REGULATIONS RELATING TO ENVIRONMENT AND ROAD CONSTRUCTION  The law of the Azerbaijan Republic on Ecological Safety (No 677-IQ): this law includes establishment of the legal framework for the purpose of protection of lives and health of individuals, the public, material and moral values thereof, the environment, including atmospheric air, cosmic space, water objects, subsurface, soils, natural landscapes, flora and fauna from hazards which may arise as a result of impact of natural and anthropogenic factors.  Azeri Law on Automobile Roads (March 10, 2000) Section 39: Protection of the Environment: States that any construction or reconstruction of roads requires the official approval of the Ecological Committee. State of the art technology must be applied and that chemicals used must be environmentally sound. The unit of the Ministry responsible for road environment must approve the proposed environmental, health and safety norms of the construction.  Law of the Azerbaijan Republic on provision with environmental information(March 2002; No 270 – IQ): This Law regulates relations connected with provision by State and local self-government bodies and authorities of in-time and exact information on environmental condition and application of natural resources. This Law interprets environmental information about:  condition of soil, water, Earth surface, atmosphere and living organisms, EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 24 ROADS  changes, as a result of human activity, which may occur or occurred in environmental components, which effect or may effect on human health,  assessment of these changes,  environmental protection,  measures on efficient application and expenses. According to the Law, by procedure of provision with environmental information, it is divided into restricted type and open type information and excluding restricted information, every person, independent on time and unconditionally enjoys the right of getting information.  Law of the Azerbaijan Republic on safety of hydrotechnical installations (December 2002, N. 412 – IQ): The Law regulates relations connected with guaranteeing of safety of hydro-technical installations during design, construction, operation, reconstruction, recovery, preserving and liquidation of them and determines relevant duties of state power organs, owners and operators of these installations.  SNIP 2.05.02-85 Building Code & Regulations for Automobile Roads Ch. 3: Environmental Protection: Indicates the general need to minimize adverse environmental impacts in road design and provides for instructions on the removal and re-use of top soil (no. 3.4); the need to provide buffer between the road and populated areas and to carry out noise reduction measures to assure compliance with the relevant sanitary norms (no. 3.9); on the dumping of excess materials (no. 3.12).  Civil Code (December 1998): this dooocument states that any rights to immovable properties must be registered with the State, and that land may be recalled from owners for state or municipal needs as approved by the relevant courts  Law of the Azerbaijan Republic on subsurface (subsoil) (February 1998; No 439-IQ): this law shall regulate relations in connection with the development (exploration, research), efficient use, protection and safety of works in the subsurface on the territory of the Azerbaijan Republic, including subsurface in the Azerbaijan Republic section of the Caspian Sea (Lake), provide for the protection of interests of the state, users of the subsurface and individuals in course of use of the subsurface  Rules of Issue of the Status of “Mountainous-Mining Allocation� To Subsurface Section For Extraction of Mineral Resources, Construction and Operation of Underground Facilities Not Associated with Extraction of Mineral Resources (No. 1 of January 9, 1999): these Rules shall establish procedures for the issue of the status of “Mountainous-Mining Allocation� to a subsurface section upon special permission (license) for extraction of mineral resources and construction and operation of underground facilities not associated with extraction of mineral resources on the territory of the Azerbaijan Republic. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 25 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS  Law of the Azerbaijan Republic on municipality water industry (June 2001; No 159-IQ: purpose of this law is to determine legal bases of relationship between municipalities and corresponding bodies of executive power, legal and physical persons, connected with usage and protection of water industrial objects, located at the territory of municipalities of Azerbaijan Republic.  Rules for Use, Protection and Preservation of Trees and Bushes which are not included to the Forestry Fund of Azerbaijan Republic (No 173; 19 of September, 2005): this document includes detailed description of trees and shrubs that are not include to the forestry Fund and the way of their protection as well as the exclusions and the regulation in case of necessity of their cutting or replanting.  The Law of the Republic of Azerbaijan on Sanitary and Epidemiological Safety, 1993 Section III: Responsibilities of State Bodies, Agencies, Companies on the Provision of Sanitary and Epidemiological Safety: General framework provisions on the requirement to provide healthy and safe conditions at workplaces and work camps (and many others) in compliance with the relevant sanitary hygiene, construction regulations and norms (particularly items 14, 15, and 16).  Law on the Protection of Historical and Cultural Monuments of Azerbaijan Republic (april 1998; No 470-IQ): This Law is regulating the issues connected to protection, investigation and using of historical and cultural monuments - Article 13. Protection of the monuments during construction and other service works; Article 14. Archaeological investigations on the sites of new constructions  Presidential decree on "Creation of Nature Reserve for group of mud- volcanoes of Baku and Absheron peninsula" (15 August 2007): This decree is addition to the Law on Protected Areas (2000) and includes establishment of the legal framework for the purpose of protection of unique landscape forming by mud- volcanoes occurring on the area.  Safety Regulations for Construction, Rehabilitation and Maintenance of Roads, 1978: Comprehensive compilation of safety rules to technical safety requirements of road construction equipment, operation and maintenance of asphalt plants, work in borrow sites, loading and unloading operations, work with toxic substances, etc.  SNIP III-4-80 Norms of Construction Safety: Detailed regulations on construction worker‟ s health and safety. Chapters 2 and 5 provide organizational procedures of construction and work sites and material transport. Annex 9 contains standards on maximum concentrations of toxic substances in the air of working zones; Annex 11 states that workers EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 26 ROADS need to be informed and trained about sanitation and health care issues and the specific hazards of their work.  SNIP II-12-77: Chapter II. Norm of designing for noise protection: Identification of different noise sources, full list of maximal noise level for different areas (residential, hospitals, industrial etc.) in different daytime, technical description of different measures for noise level reduction etc are present in the document.  Guidelines for Road Construction, Management and Design, February 7, 2000: Part I: Planning of Automobile Roads: Addresses environmental issues in road design, construction and maintenance. Part II: Construction of Automobile Roads: Requires that the impacts on the ecological, geological, hydro-geological and other ecological conditions are minimized by implementing adequate protective measures. Part III: Protection of the Environment: Requires the consideration of appropriate protection measures, which shall contribute to the maintenance of stable ecological and geological conditions as well as the natural balance. Provides general overview on the requirements for environmental protection.  BCH 8-89 Regulations on Environmental Protection in Construction, Rehabilitation and Maintenance of Roads: Comprehensive provisions on environmental protection measures of surface and groundwater resources; protection of flora and fauna; use, preparation and storage of road construction machinery and materials; servicing of construction machinery; provisional structures; provisional roads; fire protection; borrow pits and material transport; avoidance of dust; protection of soils from pollution, prevention of soil erosion etc. The appendices to this document also state standard for: maximum permitted concentrations of toxic substances; noise control measures; soil pollution through losses of oil and fuel from construction equipment; quality of surface water.  Sanitary Norms CH 2.2.4/2.1.8.562-96, 1997: Ambient noise quality and maximum allowable noise level standards for residential, commercial and industrial areas, hospitals and schools (day/night standards).  GOST 12.1.005-88: National Ambient Air Quality Standards with detailed table of maximum allowed concentrations of elements detrimental to health.  DÜST 17187 (presidential decree No 796 from 8th of July, 2008): State General Standards and Requirements to noise and vibration levels with detailed tables of such standards depending from daytime and location  GOST 2874-82: hygienic requirements and quality control of drinking water.  Reg. 514-1Q-98 Regulation on Industrial and Municipal Waste: This law includes requirements for industry and enterprises on the implementation EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 27 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS of identified standards, norms and environmental protection for waste when designing, constructing or reconstructing. 2.5 INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL AGREEMENTS Azerbaijan is a signatory to most international agreements and conventions relating to the environment, as indicated in Table 2-1. Based on article 151 of the Azerbaijan Constitution, international Conventions over-ride national laws if there is any conflict. The Law on Environmental Protection specifically states that environmental assessment process in Azerbaijan (State Ecological Expertise) is guided, inter alia, by international legal obligations. Table 2-1: International Agreements and Conventions International Convention Year Ratified UNESCO Convention on Protection of World Cultural 1994 and Natural Heritage UN Framework on Climate Change 1995 UN Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer 1996 (Vienna Convention) Agreement on Mutual Cooperation of the 1998 Commonwealth of Independent States in the area of Hydrometeorology Convention on International Trade in Endangered 1998 Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), and Agreement on Protection of Sturgeons UN Convention to Combat Desertification 1998 UN Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in 1999 the Trans-boundary Context (Espoo Convention) Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife 1999 and Natural Habitats (Bern Convention) UNECE Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision- Making and Access to Justice 1999 in Environmental Matters (Aarhus Convention) UNESCO Convention on Wetlands of International 2000 Importance especially as Waterfowl Habitat (Ramsar Convention) EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 28 ROADS International Convention Year Ratified UNECE Convention on the Protection and Use of Trans- 2000 boundary Watercourses and International Lakes (Helsinki Convention) UN Convention on Biological Diversity 2000 FAO Convention on Plant Protection 2000 Protocol on UN Framework Convention on Climate 2000 (Kyoto Protocol) Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer 2000 (Montreal Protocol) European Agreement about Transportation of 2000 Dangerous Goods on International Routes UN Convention on the Control of Transboundary 2001 Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal (Basel Convention) UNECE Convention on Long-Range Trans-boundary Air 2002 Pollution * Azerbaijan is a party to the UN Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Convention on EIA in a Trans-boundary Context (or Espoo Convention), which stipulates the obligations of Parties to assess the environmental impact of certain activities at an early stage of planning. The Convention also lays down the general obligation of States to notify and consult each other on all major projects under consideration that are likely to have a significant adverse environmental impact across boundaries. Azerbaijan is also a signatory to the UNECE Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-Making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters (also „Aarhus Convention‟ ), which establishes a number of rights of the public (citizens and their associations) with regard to the environment. Public authorities (at national, regional or local level) are to contribute to allowing these rights to become effective. 2.6 CONSTRUCTION PERMITS 2.6.1 Borrow Pit Requirements Operation of a new borrow pit for extraction of aggregate requires a number of documents such as Permission from Local Executive Power with attached Act and Map from local Land Committee. Permission from Ministry of EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 29 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Emergency Situations (State Agency on Industrial Safety and Mining Supervision) shall be received as well. On the base of these documents and personal site observation Regional Department of MENR will issue Conclusion that has to be presented to the State Ecological Expertise Department of MENR for final permission receiving. This document will include the list of rules for site exploitation and re-cultivation. The application requires an Ecological Passport that can be issued after site final approval. Details required include location of borrow pit and proposed volume, rate of extraction, estimated volume of dust emission etc. By the extraction completion, the Contractor shall undertake relevant reinstatement measures, such as site clearing, landscaping, top-soiling, grass seeding and/or re-plantation of bushes and trees if any had been disturbed. Approval on properly done reinstatement shall be received from regional department of MENR. Additionally if area of the borrow pit is exceeding 1 ha, archaeological conclusion from Academy of Science Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography shall be received. 2.6.2 Asphalt and Concrete Batching Permits Operation of a new asphalt or concrete batching plant requires a permit from the Ministry of Economic Development. Permission from Local Executive Power with attached Act and Map from local Land Committee shall be received (as for installation of every structure within district). Again the application requires an permission document from State Ecological Expertise Department of MENR (prepared on the base of Local Department Conclusion). Additionally, Ecological Passport, Inventory of Exhaust Emission into the Atmosphere, Allowed Limits of the Exhausts Emision, Special Permission (Passport on filter for the plant). Once approved, the site is registered by MENRs regional branch. MENR will undertake regular checks on sources of materials, appropriate use of technology and environmental impacts such as air quality and spillages. Permission document (Conclusion on full or conditional approval) from Ministry of Emergency Situations (MES) shall also be received by the Contractor. Regional Fire Safety Department of MES will then undertake routine monitoring on fire safety and implementation of conditions of the approval. 2.6.3 Other Permits and Licenses Other Permits required for the Project include: Construction Camp:  Land Acquisition Contract / Lease Agreement  No Objection Letter from Local Executive Power  Land use Approval  Ecological Expertise Approval EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 30 ROADS  Ecological Passport  Contract for Waste (including Hazardous Waste) disposal  Contract for Sewage disposal  Certificate from the Ministry of Emergency Situations Diesel Fuel Storage  Technical Certificate from the Ministry of Emergency Situations  Ecological assessment by the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources on the basis of regional approval document Water Extraction  No Objection for the Extraction of water 2.7 AIR, NOISE AND WATER QUALITY STANDARDS Azerbaijan has standards for permissible noise levels, air quality and drinking water quality. These standards are provided by Tables 2-2, 2-3 and 2-4. Table 2-2: Selected Air Quality Standards Maximum Allowable Maximum Allowable Pollutant Concentration (mg/m ), Concentration (mg/m3), 3 for a given moment for 24 hours Dust 0.15 0.03 Sulphur Dioxide 0.30 0.20 Carbon Monoxide 3.00 2.00 Nitrogen Dioxide 0.08 0.07 Lead and its 0.001 0.0002 compounds (except tetraethyl lead) Table 2-3: Maximum Allowable Noise Levels Maximum Allowable Maximum Allowable Noise Levels, dB(A) Noise Levels, dB(A) Description of Area 23.00 – 07.00 07.00 – 23.00 45 60 Residential areas 55 65 Industrial areas EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 31 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS 35 50 Places of public amusement and tourism 30 40 Sanitary areas and resorts 45 50 Agricultural areas Up to 30 Up to 35 Protected areas Table 2-4: Drinking Water Quality Standards Maximum Allowable Parameter Concentration (mg/l) TVC @ 37ºC 100 Total Coliforms in 1000 ml water (coli-index) 3 Aluminum 0,5 Beryllium 0,0002 Molibdenum 0,25 Arsenic 0,05 Nitrate (as nitrate) 45 Leed 0,03 Selenium 0,001 Strontium 7 Fluoride 1,5 pH 6.0-9.0 Iron 0,3 Hardness 7 epm Manganese 0,1 Copper 1 Polyphosphate residual (PO4-) 3,5 Sulphate 500 EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 32 ROADS Maximum Allowable Parameter Concentration (mg/l) Dry Residue (TDS) 1000 Chloride 350 Zinc 5 Taste <2 Odour (Dilution number @25ºC) 2 Colour (true colour units) Pt/Co 20º Turbidity (Formazine turb.units) 1,5 2.8 ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK The following government agencies will be involved in the management and monitoring of environmental aspects or concerns of the proposed road rehabilitation project: ARS is responsible for planning, constructing, operating, and maintenance of national roads in Azerbaijan. The Project Implementation Unit (PIU) of the ARS will be in charge of project management, among others, to ensure that appropriate budget will be provided for the implementation of mitigation measures and monitoring the program, and that the contract provisions are properly implemented. The Regional Monitoring Department of the MENR shall undertake routine and random monitoring of the project to determine compliance with environmental regulations and standards. The Sanitary and Epidemiology Department of the Ministry of Health (MOH) will undertake routine monitoring of the living conditions and sanitary provisions at the contractor’s work camp and worksites. MOH’s Regional Desinfection Centre shall be involved in approving the contractor’s work camp installations and facilities and their compliance with the relevant sanitary and health norms and guidelines. During the operational phase of the Project, ARS will undertake routine monitoring of road safety, the storm water drainage system, the condition of tree plantations and revegetation, etc. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 33 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS 2.9 WORLD BANK POLICIES 2.9.1 General The World Bank’s environmental and social safeguard policies are regarded as a cornerstone of its support to sustainable poverty reduction. The objective of these policies is to prevent and mitigate undue harm to people and their environment in the development process. These policies provide guidelines for the World Bank and borrowers in the identification, preparation and implementation of programmes and projects. 2.9.2 Environmental Assessment Environmental Assessment is one of the 10 environmental, social, and legal Safeguard Policies of the World Bank. Environmental Assessment is used in the World Bank to identify, avoid, and mitigate the potential negative environmental impacts associated with Bank lending operations. In World Bank operations, the purpose of Environmental Assessment is to improve decision making, to ensure that project options under consideration are sound and sustainable, and that potentially affected people have been properly consulted. The World Bank's environmental assessment policy and recommended processing are described in Operational Policy (OP) 4.01: Environmental Assessment. This policy is considered to be the umbrella policy for the Bank's environmental 'safeguard policies'. Initially the Bank undertakes environmental screening of each proposed project to determine the appropriate extent and type of EA. The Bank classifies the proposed project into one of four categories, depending on the type, location, sensitivity, and scale of the project and the nature and magnitude of its potential environmental impacts. (a) Category A: A proposed project is classified as Category A if it is likely to have significant adverse environmental impacts that are sensitive, diverse, or unprecedented. These impacts may affect an area broader than the sites or facilities subject to physical works. EA for a Category A project examines the project's potential negative and positive environmental impacts, compares them with those of feasible alternatives (including the "without project" situation), and recommends any measures needed to prevent, minimize, mitigate, or compensate for adverse impacts and improve environmental performance. For a Category A project, the borrower is responsible for preparing a report, normally an EIA. (b) Category B: A proposed project is classified as Category B if its potential adverse environmental impacts on human populations or environmentally important areas--including wetlands, forests, grasslands, and other natural habitats--are less adverse than those of Category A projects. These impacts EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 34 ROADS are site-specific; few if any of them are irreversible; and in most cases mitigatory measures can be designed more readily than for Category A projects. The scope of EA for a Category B project may vary from project to project, but it is narrower than that of Category A EA. Like Category A EA, it examines the project's potential negative and positive environmental impacts and recommends any measures needed to prevent, minimize, mitigate, or compensate for adverse impacts and improve environmental performance. The findings and results of Category B EA are described in the project documentation (Project Appraisal Document and Project Information Document). The Project herewith has been classified as a Category B Project. (c) Category C: A proposed project is classified as Category C if it is likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts. Beyond screening, no further EA action is required for a Category C project. (d) Category FI: A proposed project is classified as Category FI if it involves investment of Bank funds through a financial intermediary, in subprojects that may result in adverse environmental impacts. 2.9.3 Other Relevant Policies For the present Project, the other relevant safeguard policies to be considered at all stages of preparation and planning are:  Involuntary Resettlement (World Bank OP 4.12);  Natural Habitats (World Bank OP 4.04);  Forestry (World Bank OP 4.36); and  Physical Cultural Resources (World Bank OP 4.11). The Bank's Operational Policy 4.12: Involuntary Resettlement is triggered in situations involving involuntary taking of land and involuntary restrictions of access to legally designated parks and protected areas. The policy aims to avoid involuntary resettlement to the extent feasible, or to minimize and mitigate its adverse social and economic impacts. It promotes participation of displaced people in resettlement planning and implementation, and its key economic objective is to assist displaced persons in their efforts to improve or at least restore their incomes and standards of living after displacement. Operational Policy 4.04: Natural Habitats seeks to ensure that World Bank- supported infrastructure and other development projects take into account the conservation of biodiversity, as well as the numerous environmental services and products which natural habitats provide to human society. The policy strictly limits the circumstances under which any Bank-supported project can damage natural habitats (land and water areas where most of the native plant and animal species are still present). Specifically, the policy EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 35 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS prohibits Bank support for projects which would lead to the significant loss or degradation of any Critical Natural Habitats, whose definition includes those natural habitats which are either:  Legally protected,  Officially proposed for protection, or  Unprotected but of known high conservation value. In other (non-critical) natural habitats, Bank supported projects can cause significant loss or degradation only when:  There are no feasible alternatives to achieve the project's substantial overall net benefits; and  Acceptable mitigation measures, such as compensatory protected areas, are included within the project. The Bank's current Forests Policy (Operational Policy 4.36) aims to reduce deforestation, enhance the environmental contribution of forested areas, promote afforestation, reduce poverty, and encourage economic development. Combating deforestation and promoting sustainable forest conservation and management have been high on the international agenda for two decades. However, little has been achieved so far and the world's forests and forest dependent people continue to experience unacceptably high rates of forest loss and degradation. The Bank is therefore currently finalizing a revised approach to forestry issues, in recognition of the fact that forests play an increasingly important role in poverty alleviation, economic development, and for providing local as well as global environmental services. Success in establishing sustainable forest conservation and management practices depends not only on changing the behavior of all critical stakeholders, but also on a wide range of partnerships to accomplish what no country, government agency, donor, or interest group can do alone. The Forest Strategy suggests three equally important and interdependent pillars to guide future Bank involvement with forests:  Harnessing the potential of forests to reduce poverty,  Integrating forests in sustainable economic development, and  Protecting vital local and global environmental services and forest values. Cultural resources are important as sources of valuable historical and scientific information, as assets for economic and social development, and as integral parts of a people's cultural identity and practices. The loss of such EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 36 ROADS resources is irreversible, but fortunately, it is often avoidable. The objective of OP 4.11 on Physical Cultural Resources is to avoid, or mitigate, adverse impacts on cultural resources from development projects that the World Bank finances. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 37 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS 3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION 3.1 GENERAL According to the EIA Terms of Reference, this section of the report shall “describe the proposed project including its location, scope, and activities associated with its design, construction and operation. Identify any offsite investments� Accordingly, this chapter is arranged as follows:  Project Summary, including i) Type of Project; ii) Category of Project; and iii) Project Need and Location;  Environmental Setting, providing an overview of the socio-environmental conditions within the Project Corridor; and  Scope of Works, summarizing the works activities to be undertaken as part of the Project. It should be noted however, that at this stage of the Project there is no specific design and as such assumptions have been made about the potential scope of works. 3.2 TYPE OF PROJECT The Project is a road rehabilitation project and comprises three specific outputs: 1. Rehabilitation of the R45 road, from Shirvan to Salyan 2. Rehabilitation of the R46 road, from Salyan to Neftchela 3. Rehabilitation of 100km of yet to be defined local roads within the vicinity of the R45 & R46 roads. 3.3 CATEGORY OF PROJECT As stated in Section 2.7.2 above, based on the existing WP Operational Policies this Project falls under the World Bank’s project Category B. This category is defined as: “A proposed project is classified as Category B if its potential adverse environmental impacts on human populations or environmentally important areas--including wetlands, forests, grasslands, and other natural habitats--are less adverse than those of Category A projects. These impacts are site- specific; few if any of them are irreversible; and in most cases mitigatory measures can be designed more readily than for Category A projects.� EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 38 ROADS Accordingly, an EIA compliant with the requirements of World Bank OP4.01 is required for the Project. 3.4 PROJECT NEED AND LOCATION In the Azerbaijan Country Partnership Strategy (CPS), the IBRD-World Bank supports the four Pillars of development for Azerbaijan. Pillar II (Supporting sustainable and balanced growth of the non-oil economy) focuses on developing transport and infrastructure, while supporting financial services and private sector investments. Pillar IV (Improving environmental management) specifically puts emphasis on cleaning up legacy pollution, reducing carbon emissions, promoting biodiversity, supporting more sustainable natural resource management in selected areas, and strengthening natural disaster management. Following the CPS for Azerbaijan, the Project’s main objective is thus, to reduce road transport costs and improve access, transit, and road safety within Azerbaijan's transport corridors, through the rehabilitation of several roads, specifically in this report the R45 and R46 roads. For road users, the Project would lead to better road quality meeting mid-term traffic projections, better safety standards, lower travel costs, and shortened travel time within the same alignment. The Project entails the rehabilitation of the below two regional roads and up to 100 km of local roads connected to them:  41km long R45 Shirvan-Noxudlu-Salyan Road;  42 km long R46 Salyan-Neftchala Road. This assignment will enable works contracts to be awarded for the two road sections and related local roads. The R45 is an important road connection between the towns of Shirvan and Salyan and the M6 and M3 highway corridors. From the intersection with the M6 Shirvan-Sabirabad road, 1.4 km west of the Kur River bridge, the road follows in a southern direction broadly parallel the River Kur until it passes under the M3 Alat Masalli Highway, which is under construction, and intersects with the Alat-Salyan road immediately north of the town of Salyan. The landscape is flat. The R46 connects the regional administrative capitals of Salyan and Neftchala. Starting from the Alat-Salyan road in the centre of Salyan, the road follows the River Kur in a roughly south-west direction, passing through several settlements, before entering the north side of Neftchala. Both roads pass through the Kur River floodplain which is predominantly flat and are “Republica� category roads. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 39 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Figure 3-1 provides a location map of the two roads within the context of Azerbaijan. A schematic presentation of the R45 & R46 road alignments are provided by Figure 3-2. 3.4.1 Indicative Implementation Arrangements The Project is to be implemented by the Azeryolservis (ARS) under the aegis of the Ministry of Transport. The GoA intends to use funding from the Second Highway Project loan/credit towards consulting services for the preparation of the Environmental and Social Assessment Reports and Environmental Management Plans for the rehabilitation of these regional and local roads. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 40 ROADS Figure 3-1: Location Map, Project Corridor. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 41 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Figure 3-2: Road Locations (R45 & R46) R45 R46 3.5 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING The following tables (3-1 & 3-2) describe the general environmental and social conditions for both the R45 and R46 roads. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 42 ROADS Table 3-1: R45 Environmental Setting Km Description 0.0 The Project Road commences south west at the junction with the M6 west of Shirvan City and one kilometer west of the Kur River Bridge (see photo and location map below). At the very start of the road several shops can be observed, none of which are located within the RoW. The asphalt surface finishes after about 25 meters whereupon the road becomes a graded Google gravel/earth Maps surface which is currently extremely muddy. The https://www.google.com/maps/@39.947326 surrounding environment comprises open scrubland / grazing land. Much of the area around Shirvan comprises oil fields and as such little land immediately around Shirvan is used for alternative purposes, such as agriculture. 0.9 The road makes a right turn southwards at Km 0.9 and rejoins an asphalt surface. This is characteristic of the whole road with parts comprising asphalt and other parts a graded earth surface. 1.5 At Km1.5 an oxbow lake appears within 10 meters of the left hand side of the road. The oxbow lake is a remnant of the Kur River which flows some 200 meters away on the left side of the road. The Project Road broadly follows EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 43 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Table 3-1: R45 Environmental Setting the flow of the Kur River south to Salyan, although it can never be directly observed from the Project Road itself due to the heigh embankments that line the Kur to prevent flood impacts. Google Maps https://www.google.com/maps/@39.94 2.1 The road continues to traverse flat open land until Km 2.1 (see photo and location map below) where several houses can be observed along the left side of the Project Road and farmland to the right. The houses mark the commencement of an urban ribbon of development along the Project Road which lasts to around Km 5.6. Within this area a number of trees (Willow and Elm) were noted within the RoW. In addition a school (see photo below) was noted within 40 meters of the Road centerline at Km 4.0. In general, most of the residential properties in this section were set well back from the road and are considered unlikely to be significantly affected by Project works. 5.6 The Project road soon leaves the residential areas and traverses a southerly path broadly parallel with the Kur EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 44 ROADS Table 3-1: R45 Environmental Setting River. This sparsely populated portion (around Km 5.6 (see photos and location map below)) of the road is characterized by flood protection embankments to the left of the road (between 100 and 400 meters from the road) and agricultural land to the right side of the road. The road crosses a small irrigation channel at Km 6.8, and these channels should be protected during Project works to ensure irrigation water flow is not disrupted. A mosque was noted at Km 8.4 whereupon the road condition improves. Various medium and low volatage transmission lines can be observed in Google this area crossing above the road and coordination Maps with utilities providers https://www.google.com/maps/@39.9473263,48.8 should be undertaken by the Contractor during the Project works to minimize disruption to supplies. The road passes through the village of Polatogay at Km12.5. 14.3 The Project road continues to traverse the Kur river floodplain sitting on a raised embankment of approximately two meters height (Km14.4 (see photo and location map below)). The road passes through small settlements EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 45 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Table 3-1: R45 Environmental Setting such as Azadkend where gas supply pipes can be noted close to the roadside. Coordination with the gas supply utility will be needed to ensure that supplies are Google not disrupted to villagers. A school was noted Maps within 50 meters of https://www.google.com/maps/preview?client= �re the right side of the road at Km15.2. After Km 17 the Project road continues in an area dominated by agricultural activity for around eight kilometers. A graveyard was observed within 20 meters of the road at Km17.5, this is unlikely to be affected directly by Project works. The road condition in this portion is very poor and traffic volumes are very low. 22.4 At Km 22.4 the road comes very close to some mature popular trees (see photo and location map below). It is possible that a number of trees will need to be cut due to increase of road width and its associated embankments. This issue is discussed further in Sections 4 and 5 of this report. After Km 23 the road enters Hankechen village where all properties are set well back out of the right of way. In fact few, if any properties on both the R45 and R46 are located within the RoW. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 46 ROADS Google Maps https://www.google.com/maps/preview?client=�refox-a& Table 3-1: R45 Environmental Setting 25.2 As the road leaves Hankechen after Km25 (see photo and location map below), the road continues to traverse the wide Kur floodplain. Sheep were noted grazing on the right side of the road where a railway line also becomes visible within a hundred meters or so of the road. The railway continues southwards broadly parallel with the Project road until it reaches Salyan. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 47 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Google Maps https://www.google.com/maps/preview?client=�refo Table 3-1: R45 Environmental Setting 26.1 Around Km 26 the road condition improves significantly (see photo and location map below). Several mature White Populars can be seen adjacent to the left side of the road in this area. In such instances it is recommended that the designers propose asymmetrical widening in these areas to prevent mature trees being cut where widening can occur on the opposite side of the road where there is an absence of trees. The Project road continues through farmland and small settlements for a number of kilometers. The road continues to be flat and no significant environmental issues noted. The road crosses the occasional irrigation channel at Km30.4 & 32.7. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 48 ROADS Google Maps https://www.google.com/maps/preview?client=�refo Table 3-1: R45 Environmental Setting 34.1 At Km 34.1 the road enters a small village where there road sits quite tight within residential land either side of the road (see photo and location map below). Gas pipes were are noted lining the road side properties. Traffic volumes are still very light in this portion of the Project Road. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 49 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Google Maps https://www.google.com/maps/preview?client=�refox-a&c Table 3-1: R45 Environmental Setting 40.6 The road eventually opens out into fertile farmland as it continues south to Salyan. The new M3, currently under construction, crosses over the Project road at Km 39.2. This area would potentially make a good location for a construction camp as there is little residential proprties and it is more than 500 meters from the Kur River, it is also within a couple of kilometers of Salyan, which is a good labour pool. The Project road enters the suburbs of Salayan at Km 40.6 (see photo and location map below) and concludes at Km 41.4 with the junction with the exiting M3. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 50 ROADS Google Maps https://www.google.com/maps/preview?client=�re Table 3-1: R45 Environmental Setting EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 51 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Table 3-2: R46 Environmental Setting Km Description 0.0 The Project Road commences at the junction with the M3 road in the center of Salyan (see photo and location map below). The road condition in this suburban area is good with all properties, both domestic and residential, Google Maps https://www.google.com/maps/preview?client=�refox-a set back out of the RoW. Traffic volumes in this portion of the road are relatively high as local traffic flows too and from the M3. The main potential socio-environmental issues in this section of the road will relate to noise, public health and safety as heavy vehicles and machinery work in this section. A hospital was noted within 20 meters of the right side of the Project Road at Km 1.2. 2.2 At Km 2.2 the residential properties of Salyan suburbs start to thin out (see photo and location map below). However, what is noticeably different about the R46 than the R45 is that urban ribbon development continues for long stretches along the Project Road, as such it is sometimes difficult to tell when one village ends and another starts. Traffic volumes are also noticeably higher on this road than the R45. The road crosses a small EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 52 ROADS Table 3-2: R46 Environmental Setting Google Maps https://www.google.com/maps/preview?client=�refox-a&cha... irrigation channel at Km 3.0 and passes a school at Km 3.1. 8.5 After Km 6.0 the road enters an area of farmland (see photo and location map below). Irrigation channels intermittently cross the road (Km 6.6, Km 8.1). In these areas roadside trees were noted often in close proximity to the road. The types and numbers of trees that may potentially be felled as part of the requirements of the Project have been estimated in Section 5 of this report. Until a detailed design is prepared for the Project the exact numbers of trees to be cut cannot be provided. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 53 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Google Maps https://www.google.com/maps/preview?client=� Table 3-2: R46 Environmental Setting 17.4 At around Km 17 the road turns south easterly towards Neftchela. It passes through several more villages such as Ashagi Surra, Kur Qaraqubac (see photo and location map below) and Gadimkand. None of the properties in these villages are located within close proximity to the road. The Pavement condition starts to deteriorate slightly at around Km 18.0. Mosques and schools can be noted within these villages, however nearly all are set back more than 50 meters from the Project road and are unlikely to be significantly affected by noise issues, both in the short and long term phases of the Project. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 54 ROADS Google Maps https://www.google.com/maps/preview?client=�refox-a& Table 3-2: R46 Environmental Setting 21.4 At around Km 21 the road moves to an easterly direction. Long strips of urban development continue as the road passes through Astanli (see photo and location map below) and Xilli villages. At Km 27 urban properties diminish as the landscape becomes dominated by oil fields. The Project road crosses its only bridge (15 meters) at Km 29.6. The landscape is now dominated by agricultural and grazing land. Turtles and toirtoises are commonly found in vegetation close to the roadside in this area. Marsh Harriers were also observed as the road passes, at times, within 100 meters of the southbank of the Kur. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 55 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Google Maps https://www.google.com/maps/preview?client=�refo Table 3-2: R46 Environmental Setting 42.0 After Km 38 the road traverses an urban ribbon until it reaches its end at Km 42 in Neftchela. Neftchela appears a rather souless place, (see photo and location map below) typical of many such small towns in this area of Azerbaijan. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 56 ROADS Google Maps https://www.google.com/maps/preview?client=�refox-a&cha... Table 3-2: R46 Environmental Setting EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 57 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS 3.6 TYPICAL ROAD CONDITIONS The road conditions for all three Project components vary considerably along their alignments. Figures 3-3 to 3-6 illustrate these varied conditions and indicate the need for the Project rehabilitation works. Figure 3-3: Deteriorating Asphalt (R45) Figure 3-4: Crumbling Embankment (R45) The two photos above illustrate a section of the R45 where the asphalt surface can still be observed but has deteriorated considerably. Figure 3-5: Intact Asphalt (R45) In other sections of the R45, and more specifically on the R46, the asphalt surface is still intact, although it is starting to deteriorate around the road shoulders (Figure 3-5). EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 58 ROADS Figure 3-6: Completely Deteriorated Road Section (R45) On other portions of the R45 (and to a significantly lesser extent the R46) the road surface has deteriorated to such a degree that the road is a mix of mud and the remaining asphalt and base material (Figure 3-6). These areas become extremely difficult to drive on during periods of heavy rainfall without 4x4 vehicles. 3.7 SCOPE OF WORKS The scope of works for both the R45 can typically be divided into design, pre- construction and construction activities. The following section provides a summary, based on similar types of road rehabilitation projects, of the potential activities that may occur during each activity. 3.7.1 Design During this phase of the Project detailed designs will be prepared. A Design Consultant shall prepare a detailed engineering design for rehabilitating the R45 and R46 and each of the local roads. In doing so, the Design Consultant shall prepare all documents necessary for the approval, bidding and construction of the works. These documents include, but are not necessarily limited to, detailed drawings, specifications, bill of quantities, cost estimates and traffic management plans. The detailed engineering design should incorporate recommendations to be produced as a result of the environmental and social assessments and the bill of quantities shall reflect all the costs associated with the implementation of the Environmental Management Plan. The Design Consultant shall also ensure that all aspects of the design takes full account the historical occurrence of severe flooding and the potential for future floods to affect the roads. 3.7.2 Pre-construction During this phase of the Project typical activities may include:  Site Clearing Works – The following works may occur: EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 59 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS - Clearing and grubbing. - Demolition, removal and disposal of existing fences, structures/buildings or parts of structures or buildings. - Removal and disposal of traffic signs, sign posts and their foundations. - Demolition, removal and disposal of existing culverts, inlet and outlet structures, headwalls, concrete drains, channel lining, and erosion protection works. - Removal of and any other natural or artificial objects within the RoW. - Backfilling and compacting cavities remaining after the removal of trees, stumps, or any other incidental works. - Removal and disposal of all vegetation and debris within the designated limits of the Right-of-Way. - Any other works incidental to demolition, tree cutting and site clearance.  Removal of Trees – According to the procedure outlined in Section 5.5.1.2 of this report.  Relocation of Existing Services - The Works include the relocation of all services affecting the construction of the Project Road within the ROW. The services include the following: - Water mains; - Overhead electric supply lines; - Gas pipelines; and - Sewer mains.  Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) - During this period the Contractor should prepare his own CEMP to conform with this EIA and its EMP. The CEMP should ideally be completed with 30 days of the signing of the Contract to ensure that all EMP measures are included within the Pre-construction phase.  Traffic Management Plan - The Contractor submits its Traffic Management Plan (TMP) to the CSC for approval. The Plan will also be an Annex to the CEMP 3.7.3 Construction No design is currently available for any of the Project roads, although it is known that there will only be very minor changes to alignments (to accommodate safe designs) and that almost all of the rehabilitation works will occur within the RoW. The preliminary specifications of the road indicate that it will comprise a similar standard to the M6 road between Hajiqabul and EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 60 ROADS Horadiz (see Figure 3-7), i.e. roads will have a carriageway width of 7.5 m (2 x 3.75 m lanes) with two 3.75 m shoulders of which 0.75 m is be paved and within urban areas a carriageway width of 9.0 m with a footpath of 1.0 to 1.5 m width each side will be required. Design speeds of 100 km/h will be adopted for flat and undulated terrain and 50 km/h for urban areas. Bridges and culverts will be reconstructed or rehabilitated. Traffic safety features such as lighting, pedestrian crossings, road signs, road marking will also be incorporated. Figure 3-7: The Newly Constructed M6 Given the flat topography of the Project area and a general lack of surface water crossings, rehabilitation works are anticipated to comprise the following: Culverts - Project works will include the survey, investigation, design and construction of cross drainage structures (culverts), including inlet and outlet structures and associated works. Cross drainage works may typically include:  Replacement of existing culverts which are old, structurally deficient or undersized;  Extension of existing culverts which are of adequate design and in good condition;  Construction of new culverts at locations where no cross drainage structure existed before;  Cleaning of existing culverts which are partially or completely silted;  Miscellaneous repair of the existing culvert joints, headwalls, wing walls, and scour and erosion protection works; and  Construction of new scour protection and channel lining works. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 61 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS New and extended cross drainage structures should be constructed only after a detailed engineering assessment of the actual site conditions and cross drainage requirements. Other Drainage Structures - Surface runoff from the carriageway and all other pavements, and embankment slopes should be discharged through longitudinal drains designed for adequate cross section, bed slopes, invert levels and the outfalls. The Works may include construction of the drainage system components in urban and rural areas. Earthworks – Typical earthworks may include the following: 1. Removal of topsoil. 2. Construction of embankments. 3. Construction of subgrade. 4. Excavation and removal of the existing pavement materials and the existing road embankment. 5. Removal and replacement of unsuitable materials. 6. Structural excavation. 7. Excavation for the construction of side drainage and cross-drainage works. 8. Excavation for the removal and relocation of the existing utilities. 9. All backfilling necessary for the construction of bridges, retaining walls or other earth retaining structures, cross drainage structures and associated works, side drains and erosion protection work. 10. Preparation of beddings and filters for all structural, cross drainage, side drains or pavement works. 11. Excavation, filling or backfilling necessary for the execution of any other incidental works. Bridges – One small bridge on the R46 will be constructed during the project works. The construction of the bridge may include the following works:  Foundations.  Substructure including bridge bearings.  Superstructure, including construction of expansion and deformation joints and footpaths.  Deck pavement including hydro isolation, drainage, hand railing, and conduits for services.  Approach slabs.  Slope treatments in front and around abutments.  Construction and maintenance of traffic detours.  Designed for the life expectancy of 75 years. Figure 3-8: R46 Bridge (Km 29) EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 62 ROADS Removal of Asphalt – Removal of any existing bituminous pavement layers and stockpiling this material may be required. The existing bituminous pavement material removed from the section of the road should be stockpiled at a specified locations determined by the CSC. Permanent Ancillary Features - The exact locations of bus stops will be finalized during the design phase of the Project. Quarries & Borrow Pits - The exploitation of borrow pits and quarries will be conducted by licensed companies or the Contractor shall obtain its own licenses. The exact locations of borrow sites will be determined by the Contractor and specified within the CEMP. The Project will not implement any exploration activities from illegal sources. As an indicator the following sources (Table 3-3) may be available. A detailed discussion of the environmental characteristics of these areas is provided by Section 4. Table 3-3: Potential Borrow Sites # Location and Name Material 1 Kalmas Embankment 2 Babazanan Embankment 3 Bahramtepe Gravel and sand Asphalt Plants - The Contractor will be responsible for ensuring the asphalt facilities comply with the EMP and that all necessary permits to operate are obtained from the local authorities. Table 3-4 provides a list of the required permits for construction and operation of Asphalt Plants. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 63 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Table 3-4: Asphalt Plant Permit Requirements # Type of Permit Issuing Authority 1 Permission on establishment Local Executive Power 2 Agreement with land owner (if land is Municipality or Physical private or municipal) Person 3 Permission on establishment State Expertise Department of MENR 4 Permission on exploitation Ministry of Emergency Situations 5 Ecological Passport State Expertise Department of MENR 6 Inventory of exhaust emission to the State Expertise Department atmosphere of MENR 7 Maximal Allowed Emission State Expertise Department of MENR Water - Non-potable water will be derived from the Kur River. The locations of the extraction points have yet to be determined, although they should be approved by the CSC prior to the start of extraction. Potable water will also need to be sourced for construction camps. Table 3-5 provides a list of the requirements and permits for potable and non-potable water. Table 3-5: Water Supply Requirements / Permits # Requirement / Permit Issuing Authority 1 Technical water delivery permit Local Su-Kanal department 2 Agreement on potable water supply Azersu 3 If water supplied by any other Any official laboratory that organization or by Contractor (ex. can approve that water is artesian well) laboratory test is required meet GOST 2874-82 requirements Construction Camps - Camp sites will be selected keeping in view the availability of an adequate area for establishing camp sites, including parking areas for machinery, stores and workshops, access to communication and local markets, and an appropriate distance from sensitive areas in the vicinity. Final locations will be selected by the Contractor after the approval from the CSC. Environmental impacts of construction camps are discussed in Section 5. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 64 ROADS The area requirement for construction camps will depend upon the workforce deployed and the type and quantity of machinery mobilized. In view of the area required, it will not be possible to locate camp sites within the RoW and the contractors will have to acquire land on lease from private landowners. The construction camp will have facilities for site offices, workshop and storage yard, and other related facilities including fuel storage. The Contractor will provide the following basic facilities in the construction camps:  Safe and reliable water supply.  Hygienic sanitary facilities and sewerage system.  Treatment 
facilities for sewerage of toilet and domestic wastes  Storm water drainage facilities.  Sick bay and first aid facilities. Detailed criteria for siting of construction camps and establishment of facilities are given in the EMP. Table 3-6 provides a list of the requirements for establishing and operating a construction camp. Table 3-6: Construction Camp Permit Requirements # Requirement / Permit Issuing Authority 1 Permission on establishment Local Executive Power 2 Agreement with land owner (if Municipality or Physical Person land is private or municipal) 3 Permission on establishment State Expertise Department of MENR 4 Permission on exploitation Local Department of Fire Safety of Ministry of Emergency Situations Storage Areas - Temporary storage areas will be required for certain activities, such as the storage of sand and gravels and construction equipment. These storage areas may range in size from anything between 50 m2 to more than a hectare. The precise locations of these temporary facilities is not known at this stage, as such mitigation measures shall be prepared to ensure that these areas are sited in approved locations. Road Safety - The scope of the Permanent Works includes the planning, manufacturing and installation of traffic signs and application of pavement markings along the entire length and for all features of the Project Road. The Contractor must also provide all traffic signs required for the Project Road according to the standards referenced in the Employer’s Special Requirements. The following types of traffic signs must be installed along the Project Road: 1. Warning Signs EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 65 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS 2. Regulatory Signs 3. Signs for all off-ramp/adjacent roads 4. Information and Direction Signs In addition, the Works include the construction/manufacturing and installation of different types of safety barriers steel guardrail, kilometer posts and guide posts in accordance with the Employer’s Requirements. The main road safety benefits the project will deliver are the following:  Reduced risk of vehicles leaving their lane to avoid potholes and surface deformations;  Reduced risk of accidents due to road hazards, e.g. flooding;  Improved sight distances due to improved vegetation control;  Better separation between pedestrians and vehicles; and  Better night driving conditions due to wider carriageway and improved pavement centerline 
 markings. Some of these advantages could be partially offset by the higher speeds which will be possible after the road improvements. 3.8 LOCAL ROADS There are about 240 km of local roads under Azeryolservis management that connect or relate to R45 and R46. Up to 100 km of these local roads will be rehabilitated under the Project. The selection of the local roads will be in consultation with the local communities with a pro-poor focus of improving access to markets and services and facilitate livelihood activities. The reconstruction of these roads is expected to follow the existing road alignment, with the possible exception of limited realignments to improve geometric characteristics and eliminate safety hazards. The extent of any realignment will be limited as land acquisition is to be avoided. However, there might be some impact, most of which is expected to be temporary, to roadside vendors and small businesses during civil works. Figure 3-9 illustrates the potential locations of the local roads in relation to the R45 and R46. Figures 3-10 to 3-12 illustrate the typical conditions of the potential local roads. Figure 3-9: Potential Local Road Locations EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 66 ROADS R45 Local Roads R46 M3 EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 67 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Figure 3-10: R45 local road entrance Figure 3-11: R45 local road (Km 37) (Km 31) Figure 3-12: R46 Local road (Boyat Road, Km 28) EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 68 ROADS 3.9 PROPOSED SCHEDULE FOR IMPLEMENTATION The Project is scheduled to commence in 2015 and is expected to take at least 2 years to construct, until its completion in mid to late 2017. 3.10 LIFE SPAN OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT The proposed project is designed for a life span of 20 years provided that routine and periodic maintenance is carried out. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 69 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS 4. BASELINE DATA 4.1 GENERAL According to the EIA Terms of Reference, this portion of the report shall “clearly identify the study area, i.e. the project area of influence, including the whole stretch of each road, and within certain radius of the road and ancillary facilities such as borrow pits, disposal sites for construction wastes, access roads; assemble the existing data, evaluate and present baseline data on the relevant environmental characteristics of the study area including the physical, biological, cultural property and socio-economic conditions. Any changes anticipated before the project commencement should also be identified.� Accordingly, this section of the report discusses the existing environmental and social conditions within the Project corridor of the R45 & R46 Roads under the following headings:  Physical Resources (air quality, hydrology, topography, etc);  Biological Resources (flora, fauna & protected areas); and  Socio-Economic Resources (infrastructure, land use, noise, cultural resources, etc). 4.2 PHYSICAL RESOURCES 4.2.1 Geology The geology of Azerbaijan is dominated by two major mountain ranges, the Greater and the Lesser Caucasus, and the intermontane Kura River valley (sometime called the Kura depression) located in between the two (Appendix B, Figure B-1). The Caucasus is part of the Alpine-Himalayan mountain range that formed in response to the closure of the Tethyan Ocean and subsequent collision of the Eurasian, African, Arabian and Indian lithospheric plates. Continental collision started about 5 million years ago and lead to thrust faulting and deformation of the Jurassic and Cretaceaous rocks in the Caucasus. The Afro-Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates still converge at about 28mm per year and associated fault zones (thrusts and steep strike slip faults) located along the margins of tectonically bound fragments form the focus of seismic activity. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 70 ROADS The geological record of Azerbaijan is diverse and comprises often strongly deformed and folded sedimentary, volcanic-sedimentary, volcanic and terrestrial deposits of pre-Cambrian to Holocene age. Crystalline rocks of igneous and metamorphic origin are far less common and occupy much smaller areas largely restricted to the Lesser Caucasus. Alluvial fans and molasse type deposits (erosion products derived from the uplift and erosion of, in this case, the Caucasus Mountains) are ubiquitous in the foreland of the mountain ranges. The central and eastern lowlands of Azerbaijan are occupied by the Kura River intermontane basin that extends over c. 86.000 km². It comprises a several kilometre thick sequence of molasse type sediments, which unconformably rest upon subsided Jurassic and Creatceous rocks. Prevailing deformation has led to an internal structuring of the Kura intermontane basin into several domains (or sub-basins) that are known from seismic data and borehole evidence. Towards the Caspian Sea Basin in the east, the thickness of the geologically young molasse-type sediments reaches 6-8 km. Over much of the central and eastern lowlands, the solid geology is covered by varying thicknesses of alluvial deposits (sand, gravel, mud, loam) related to the Kura River and its tributaries that erode the high relief Caucasus Mountains. A thin top soil layer is commonly present. 4.2.2 Topography The Project Corridor lies within the Kura Intermontane Depression (Kura-Araz geographical district). The altitude of the Project area, which is essentially flat, actually lies below sea level for most of its extent varying between -21 and -27 meters. Figure B-2, Appendix B, illustrates the topography of Azerbaijan and the depression in which the Project area is located. 4.2.3 Soils Most of the Project Corridor is formed by sierozem (meadow gray soil), which occur over a 120 km zone (see Figure B-3, Appendix B). Meadow gray soil is typical for altitudes of up to 150 m asl and dry climates with maximum rainfall of 200 mm. Meadow gray soil is generally semi-dry, dry steppe, light loamy kind, which is suitable for winter pastures and arable land (cereals, cotton). The agricultural potential is classified as low to medium. Numerous patches of salt marshes occur in Salyan district. They are especially frequent on the territory of Shirvan National Park and its fringes. Salt marshes are restricted to the lowlands with altitudes <100 m. Salt marches are not productive in agricultural terms – only some species of saltwort (Salsola spp.) may grow here, so that they are only suitable for pasture. Figure B-4, Appendix B, illustrates how the soils in this area to the north of the R46 are highly salinized. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 71 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS 4.2.4 Climate and Air Quality This Section is divided into three sub-headings; Climate, Climate Change and Air Quality. Climate – The Project Corridor of both R45 and R46 belongs to the Aran region of Azerbaijan which is characterized by dry semi-desert climate. This area has very hot and dry summer and moderate warm winter. Average annual precipitation is no more than 200-400 mm. Most rainy seasons are late autumn and winter (October-March – about 50% of annual precipitation), but even in this time quantity of precipitation is usually no more than 100-150 mm for R45 and 150-200 for R46. The driest season is summer with about 5-10 mm of precipitation per month (June-August – about 10% of annual precipitation). Generally number of precipitation within April-September half-year period is less than 100 mm. The number of days with precipitation ≥0.1 mm annually is 60-70 for most part of the area and 70- 90 for vicinity of Neftchala town. Such climatic phenomenon as hails and thunderstorms are very rare here: the number of days with hail is less than one and thunderstorm is less than five annually. The number of snow days does not exceed ten annually. The average annual temperature is 14 - 14.5oC: over 27oC in July and 0-3oC in January. Absolute temperature maximum is +41oC and minimum -22oC. The main direction of wind for the R45 is east (about 24%), north-east (about 22%) and south-east (about 15%) annually. R46 is characterized by north- east (26%), south-east (21%) and east (15%) annually. However main direction in winter season is west. Most typical wind speed is 2-5 m/s (53%). Winds with speed 6-10 m/s are also not rare here especially in summer time. Strong winds (with speed over 30 m/s) are very rare in the Project area. Besides, there are sea breezes quite typical for eastern section of R46 in the warm periods of the year (from April to September-October). They are characterized by daily movement. During a day time breeze blows from the sea to the land and during a night from land to the sea. A wind rose for Salyan, showing an annual average with predominantly easterly winds at 25 m/s, is presented by Figure B-5, Appendix B. Climate Change – According to many studies, climate change may lead to more extreme weather events, such as flooding and storms. There have been no specific studies relating to climate change impacts within the Project Area, as such it is difficult to quantify what impacts may arise as a result of potential climate change in the region. It is possible that flood events from the Kur river may increase in the Project area, but there is no specific data to back up this claim. The Project itself is unlikely to lead to significant increases in greenhouse gas emissions, either regionally or globally. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 72 ROADS Air Quality – No sources of industrial air emissions were noted within the Project Corridor. The main sources of other emissions to air can be classified as:  Burning of fossil fuels for heating and cooking within the residential areas.  Vehicle engine emissions; and  Dust, including that generated from the movement of vehicles. The main emissions from the combustion of fuel in vehicle engines include Nitrogen Oxides (NOx), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and Particulate Matter (PM). At present rates, these emissions levels are relatively low due to the low volume of traffic on the road. Certain portions of the road are however, degraded to such an extent that vehicle movements in these areas create high volumes of PM or dust from the exposed surface, especially within the dry summer months. Heavy goods vehicles are a particular cause of these dust impacts. 4.2.5 Hydrology Surface Water - Surface water resources in the Project Corridor include rivers, lakes, wetlands and irrigation/drainage systems. The main natural watercourse in the area is the Kur River, which accounts for approximately 90% of the surface water resources in Azerbaijan, draining 68,900 km2 or 80% of its territory. The Kur rises in Turkey and passes through Georgia before entering Azerbaijan on its 1,500 km journey to the sea (900 km in Azerbaijan) where it drains via the Mingechevir Reservoir into the Caspian Sea about 50 km south-east of Salyan town close to the end of the R46 in Neftchela. According to the Ecological Atlas of Azerbaijan (National Academy of Sciences, 2011), the Kur River in the Project area is classified as polluted (in R45 section) and highly polluted between Salyan and Neftchala (R46 section) – see Figure B-7, Appendix B. The river is organically and bacteriologically polluted by the discharge of inadequately treated or untreated wastewater from the eleven million people living in the catchment area. This is a major problem, with Azerbaijan being dependent on the Kur river for more than 70% of its drinking water supply. It also plays a key role for irrigation and other agricultural and industrial purposes and is important as a source for fish. The Kur is recharged by melted snow (approx. 50%), groundwater (approx. 30%) and rainwater (approx. 20%). The Kur floods regularly during both spring (April-June) and autumn. The water flow in May-June makes up 60-70% of annual flow. The annual average discharge is 580 m 3/sec. Since the Mingechevir Reservoir was constructed (200km north west of Salyan), the extent of flooding has been reduced although serious flooding still occurs every 5-10 years. In May 2003, snowmelt from the Caucasus mountains led to flooding in Azerbaijan in eleven districts along the Kur and Araz rivers. In some areas, landslides were triggered. More than 6,000 families were affected, EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 73 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS around 2,000 houses damaged and more than 3,000 ha of agricultural land submerged and crops destroyed. Salyan and Neftchala were amongst the worst affected regions. Estimated losses were estimated to be US$50-60 million. In the Salyan region, the Kur flows in an extensively meandering course. The minimum flow maintained in the river is around 354 m3/s, which gives a channel width of about 230-260 m wide and a flow depth of around 4-5 m. Costs associated with repeated flooding of the Kur river in recent years have led to a proposal by the national irrigation authority to cut off one of the major meanders in Salyan town in an attempt to divert floodwaters downstream, with the aim of reducing local flooding and protecting property. The main drainage canal in the study area is the Mugan-Salyan Canal (total length 37 km, irrigation area 68,000 ha). This watercourse is the major carrier of water used for soil washing and outwash. It is sourced from Kur River overspill (water which flows over weirs when it reaches a high level) primarily at Azadkand and augmented at a number of other locations, in particular at Salyan. The canal feeds water to, and accepts outwash from, a complex network of irrigation canals. During times of high water level in the Kur River, additional overspill enters the Mugan-Salyan Canal and is released into storage areas via secondary overspill weirs (these are weirs across which water flows once it reaches a high level) to reduce water levels. Irrigation and drainage systems are essential for agriculture in Azerbaijan. Irrigation is the largest water user in the country: the total area with installed irrigation is 1.45 million ha, nearly 85% of the cultivated area. Cotton and grain are grown on irrigated land. Unsustainable irrigation practices in the region with inefficient use of water, together with lack of investment in maintenance of the system, have led to rising water tables, secondary bogging and salinisation of soils (see Figure B-4, Appendix B), and has ultimately resulted in loss of soil fertility. A number of wetlands, permanent and temporary have also been identified in the Project Area. They include a lot of cut-off meanders or Oxbow lakes (see Figure 4-1). Akhmaz are closed, un-circulating water bodies originated by former river flow within its meander. During flooding time akhmazes are filling with river water, within other seasons they mainly feeding by filtration water. Table 4-1 & 4-2 provides a summary of the wetlands found within the Project Area and Figure 4-2 and 4-3 illustrates the locations of the Wetlands. Table 4-1: R45 Wetlands EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 74 ROADS Approximate Ecological Value and Ref # Type Species Location & Size Use 1 Oxbow Located Ecological value is Some sweet water fish between railway high. Oxbow is species (mainly the same and Minbashi surrounded by some with Kur River), village, reed and trees. amphibians (Rana adjacent to the Section adjacent to ridibunda, Hyla savignyi ), project road the road is seems reptiles (Emys orbicularisa, LHS. Size is about quite clean. Due to Natrix natrix), numerous 0.67 km2. sloping banks it is used birds (manly gulls, coots for drinking of and ducks in winter domestic animals and season; little grebes, pond for domestic herons, egrets and terns ducks and gees. during breeding season) Locals are also fishing and various mammals there. Roadside café occurred at the area and is placed under the using this area as foraging trees on the bank. and hunting habitat. 2 Oxbow Located Ecological value is Some sweet water fish between high. Oxbow is species (mainly the same Minbashi and surrounded by reed with Kur River), Garaghaj overgrow and amphibians (Rana villages in about numerous wild trees. ridibunda, Hyla savignyi ), 400 m LHS from Additionally numerous reptiles (Emys orbicularisa, the project fruit gardens of Natrix natrix), some birds road. Size is surrounded Minbashi (grebes, herons, egrets, about 0.21 km2. village are creating waders, gulls and breeding and numerous passerines) and foraging habitat for various mammals different species. occurred at the area and Local people are using this area as foraging using the oxbow for and hunting habitat. fishing and drinking of domestic animals and pond for domestic ducks and gees. Same time banks are littered with different domestic waste and probably sewages from surrounded houses are also discharging to this water body. 3 Oxbow Located at Ecological value is Some sweet water fish Beshdali village, high. Habitat is species (mainly the same EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 75 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS in about 400 m combination of open with Kur River), LHS from the water areas with dens amphibians (Rana project road. reed overgrowing. ridibunda, Hyla savignyi ), Size is about 0.70 Oxbow is also reptiles (Emys orbicularisa, km2. surrounded by some Natrix natrix), some birds trees and bushes. (Tachybaptus ruficollis, Partly polluted from Phalacrocorax pygmeus, adjacent village Egretta garzetta, Bubulcus (western side) but ibis, Nycticorax partly keeps quite nycticorax, Ixobrychus clean water and minutus, Ardea purpurea, natural landscape Circus aeroginosus, densely occupied by Porphyrio porphyriob, wild fauna and used Himantopus himantopus, by local population Larus ridibundus, for fishing and drinking Chlidonias hybridus and place for domestic numerous passerines) and animals. various mammals occurred at the area and using this area as foraging and hunting habitat. 4 Oxbow Located to the Ecological value is Some sweet water fish north from quite low. The oxbow species (mainly the same Poladtugay is small, shallow and with Kur River), village, in about seems to be declining amphibians (Rana 800 m LHS from in size. Located in ridibunda), few visitor the project some distance from birds (Tadorna tadorna, road. Size is any village it keeps Egretta garzetta, Sterna about 0.08 km2. clean water and used hirundo, Merops apiaster, by local population Upopa epops, Hirundo for fishing and drinking rustica). place for domestic animals. Same time vegetation along the banks and on surrounded areas is very poor and includes just some grasses and small bushes which makes habitat unattractive for fauna. 5 Oxbow Located to the Ecological value is Some sweet water fish north from medium. The oxbow is species (mainly the same Chighigan quite small and with Kur River), EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 76 ROADS village, in about shallow. However amphibians (Rana 400 m LHS from located in some ridibunda), reptiles (Emys the project distance from any orbicularisa), some birds road. Size is village it keeps clean (Tachybaptus ruficollis, about 0.08 km2. water and used by Phalacrocorax pygmeus, local population for Egretta garzetta, Gallinula fishing and drinking chloropus, Larus place for domestic ridibundus, Chlidonias animals. This water hybridus, Hirundo rustica body has very poor and others) including big reed cover however breeding colony of Blue- surrounded by dense cheeked Bee-eaters bush overgrows and (Merops superciliosus) trees. occurring in embankment of the ground roads surrounding this wetland and also adjacent to the Project road. Various mammals occurred at the area and using this area as foraging and hunting habitat. 6 Artificial fish Located to the Ecological value is Artificially growing fish ponds south from low. The ponds are species, small amount of Hankechan artificially created pits reptiles (Natrix natrix, village, in about containing not very Mauremys caspica) and 400 m LHS from clean water with low birds (Larus ridibundus, the project volume of oxygen and Chlidonias hybridus). road. Size is high level turbidity. about 0.23 km2. Different, mainly not native species of fish (mainly carps) are growing here foraging with compound feed. Ponds are quite deep with steep banks and thus can not be used as suitable habitat for many species. Vegetation is presented by one line of tamarisk bush. 7 Artificial fish Located to the Ecological value is Artificially growing fish ponds west from low. The ponds are species, small amount of Tazakend artificially created pits reptiles (Natrix natrix, village, in about containing not very Mauremys caspica) and EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 77 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS 1 km RHS from clean water with low birds (Circus aeroginosus, the project road volume of oxygen and Larus ridibundus, behind the high level turbidity. Chlidonias hybridus, railway behind Different, mainly not Hirundo rustica, the railway line. native species of fish Acrocephalus Size is about 0.49 (mainly carps) are arundinaceus). Some km2. growing here foraging mammal species mainly with compound feed. typical anthropogenic Ponds are quite deep animals such as Golden with steep banks and Jackal (Canis aureus) and thus can not be used Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) as suitable habitat for can be observed here as many species. well. Vegetation is presented by narrow stripe of reed and few tamarisk bushes. 8 Artificial fish Located Ecological value is Artificially growing fish ponds between low. The ponds are species, small amount of Tazakend and artificially created pits reptiles (Natrix natrix, Salmanli villages containing not very Mauremys caspica) and in about 1 km clean water with low birds (Sterna hirundo, LHS from the volume of oxygen and Chlidonias hybridus). project road. high level turbidity. Size is about 0.05 Different, mainly not km2. native species of fish (mainly carps) are growing here foraging with compound feed. Ponds are quite deep with steep banks and thus can not be used as suitable habitat for many species. Vegetation is presented by one line of tamarisk bush. 9 Artificial fish Located to the Ecological value is Artificially growing fish ponds west from low. The ponds are species, small amount of Salmanli village, artificially created pits reptiles (Natrix natrix, in about 300 m containing not very Mauremys caspica) and RHS from the clean water with low birds (Sterna hirundo, project road volume of oxygen and Chlidonias hybridus). behind the high level turbidity. railway behind Different, mainly not EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 78 ROADS the railway line. native species of fish Size is about 0.13 (mainly carps) are km2. growing here foraging with compound feed. Ponds are quite deep with steep banks and thus can not be used as suitable habitat for many species. Vegetation is presented by one line of tamarisk bush. Table 4-2: R46 Wetlands Approximate Ref # Type Location & Ecological Value and Use Species Size 1 Natural Located by Wetland is totally dry out and flooding the southern not exists anymore. area end of originated Ashagi Surra by Kur village in River about 300 m LHS from the project road. Size is about 0.4 km2. 2 Artificial Located Ecological value is low. The Artificially growing fish fish ponds between ponds are artificially created species, small amount of Ashagi Surra pits containing not very clean reptiles (Natrix natrix, and Kur water with low volume of Mauremys caspica) and Garabujag oxygen and high level birds (Larus ridibundus, villages in turbidity. Different, mainly not Sterna hirundo, about 50 m native species of fish (mainly Chlidonias hybridus and RHS from the carps) are growing here few passerine species). project road. foraging with compound Size is about feed. Ponds are quite deep 0.2 km2. with steep banks and thus can not be used as suitable habitat for many species. Vegetation is presented by narrow stripe of reed between ponds and some EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 79 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS trees between ponds and road. 3 Shallow Located to Ecological value is low. This Territory is highly wetland the south wetland is originated in disturbed and quite area from Hilli natural depression due to polluted. The habitat is village in high level of ground water. suitable for typical fauna adjacent to Generally this is salt marshes species described in the project with some natural salt shallow Fauna chapter. Density road. Size lakes and two mud of animals population can have volcanoes. Natural here is lower comparison some vegetation is very poor here other areas adjacent to variation in and presented just by the project road due to different widespread saltwort patches. poor vegetation and seasons of This territory is totally fenced disturbance. the year but and strictly protected by generally is SOCAR company as about 10 numerous oil fields are placed km2. here. 4 Artificial Located in This system of artificial ponds Different sturgeon fish ponds about 2 km belongs to Sturgeon Plant. This species artificially to the east territory is totally fenced and growing here. from Hilli strictly protected by Plant. village in about 70 m LHS from the project road. Size is about 0.1 km2. 5 Shallow Located in Ecological value is low. This Small amount of wetland about 2 km wetland is originated in amphibians (Rana area to the east natural depression due to ridibunda), reptiles from Hilli high level of ground water. (Natrix natrix, Mauremys village in Adjacent to the Wetland No 3 caspica, Emys adjacent to from east. Generally this is salt orbicularisa) and birds the project marshes with some natural (Himantopus road RHS. salt shallow lakes. Natural himantopus, Charadrius Size can vegetation is very poor here alexandrinus, Ch. dubius, have some and presented just by Larus ridibundus, Sterna variation in widespread saltwort patches hirundo, S. albifrons, different with some ephemeral grass Chlidonias hybridus, seasons of species. Galerida cristata, the year but Oenanthe isabellina, generally is Motacilla alba etc.). Some mammal species EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 80 ROADS about 7 km2. mainly typical anthropogenic animals such as Golden Jackal (Canis aureus) and Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) resident and Wolf (Canis lupus) in winter time can be observed here as well. 6 Artificial Located in Ecological value is high. This is Artificially growing fish fish ponds about 4 km artificial fish ponds however species, amphibians to the east they are very old and had (Rana ridibunda, Hyla from Hilli been created more than 30 savignyi), reptiles (Emys village in years ago and had been orbicularisa, Mauremys about 50 m occupied by different local caspica, Natrix natrix), LHS from the fauna species. Each pond is different bird species project road. surrounded by dens and wide (Tachybaptus ruficollis, Size is about reed stripe and adjacent Pelecanus crispusc, 0.45 km2. tamarisk bush patches, some Phalacrocorax pygmeus, are partly covered with reed. Egretta garzetta, The ponds are separated Bubulcus ibis, Nycticorax from the project road by the nycticorax, Ixobrychus water channel running in minutus, Ardea parallel to it. purpurea, A. cinerea, Aythya nyrocaa, Circus aeroginosus, Francolinus francolinusb, Himantopus himantopus, Larus ridibundus, L. cacchinans, Chlidonias hybridus and numerous passerines) and various mammals occurred at the area and using this area as foraging and hunting habitat. 7,8,9 Temporary These ponds Ecological value is quite low Artificially growing fish artificial are as most of ponds are new species, seasonally fish ponds stretched and seasonal thus ecosystems amphibians (Rana along the are not stable. Some sparse ridibunda), sporadically project road patches of reed are present reptiles (Emys orbicularisa, by both RHS at the ponds territories. Most Natrix natrix), periodically and LHS. of the ponds are separated birds (herons and egrets, Estimated from the project road by the some gulls and terns, size (by the water channel running in waders on migration and Google parallel to it. during winter season, EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 81 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS maps) is passerine are mainly about 2.5 visitors during breeding km2 season) and some however at typical mammals the time of described above. area investigation most of ponds were dry. Groundwater – According to recent reports groundwater around Salyan occurs at around 3 m below ground level (bgl) and occasionally at 3-5 m bgl. Environmental mapping of the area (Appendix B, Figure B-2) indicate that goundwaters are less than 1 meter bgl at either end of the Project corridor, e.g. at Shirvan and Neftchela. The remaining areas of the Project corridor show an average groundwater depth of 1 to 2 meters. Over the years, the groundwater table in the area has generally become closer to surface following the influence of irrigation and drainage systems. As noted above, soils close to Neftchala are highly saline, and it is possible that groundwater in this area is also highly saline. The high salinity in this area is caused by the salinity of the water-bearing rocks of sea origin. High salt levels will potentially impact on the design life of standard concrete. Therefore appropriate sulphate resistant mixes will be required for parts of any structures in contact with saline soils or water. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 82 ROADS Figure 4-1: Akhmaz of Kur River adjacent LHS to the R45 at Km 2. Figure 4-2: Location of Wetlands (R45) EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 83 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Figure 4-2: Location of Wetlands (R46) 4.2.6 Natural Hazards Earthquakes of the magnitude 6 on the Richter-scale have been recorded in Salyan (see Figure B-7, Appendix B). Seasonal flooding from the Kur River is also a natural hazard discussed above in Item 4.2.5. 4.3 BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES 4.3.1 Flora Biodiversity of flora is not particularly high as the whole Project Area is under strong anthropogenic pressure and the presence of overgrazing is visible. The Project Area is characterized by saltwort and ephemeral deserts and wormwood-saltwort semi-deserts with short period of vegetation. Spring vegetation is dominant over autumn vegetation. Saltwort vegetation is more distributed here than wormwood. Wormwood formation is mostly developed here on the background of ephemeral grass vegetation. Salsola dendroides is edificatory for saltwort desert. The grouping of two edificatory (Artemisieto- Salsoletum nodulosae) plays an important role and is widely distributed EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 84 ROADS mainly within corridor of R45. The main seasons of ephemers’ vegetation are spring and autumn and spring vegetation dominates over autumn. The quiescent period of ephemers coincides with the most dry season of the year. The woody-shrubby vegetation is presented here by few numbers of tamarisk shrubs and forms no more than 1% of all plants. Such species as Halocnemum strobilaceum, Halostachys caspica, Suaeda microphylla, Petrosimonia brachiata, Gamanthus pilosus and Salsola crassa etc. are most characteristic species for salty lands. Cereals are mainly distributed within ephemeral semi-deserts: Poa bulbosa, Bromus japonicus, Anisantha tectorum, Anisantha rubens, Eremopyrum orientale, Eremopyrum triticeum and many others. Figure 4-4: White Poplars (Populus alba) at both left and right hand sides of the R45. Arboreal species are presented here by rare Tamarisk shrubs (Tamarix Pallasii). This species is also quite common as artificial plant along the project road. Some other species of trees can be also observed along both R45 and R46 roads. All trees at the area are artificially planted and mainly observed within villages and their vicinity. Most of the trees are located in about 8-10 m from the centerline. A lot of trees had been also observed quite close to the road (6-10 m from the centerline) but still behind the fence of private properties, behind the channels or gas or water pipes stretched in parallel to the road. The main species along the R45 is different species of Willows (Salix fragilis, Salix alba and Salix babylonica), Poplars (Populus alba and Populus EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 85 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS pyramidalis), Mulberry (Morus alba), a few Elm (Ulmus foliacea), Tamarisk (Tamarix Pallasii) and Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) shrubs. Some different fruit trees such as Pomegranate, Quince, and Cherry etc. are growing in private gardens adjacent to the project road. Figure 4-5: Willows (Salix fragilis) at LHS of R46 Different Willow trees (Salix fragilis, Salix alba and Salix babylonica) are also the predominant arboreal species for R46 – they are more than 60% among other trees and growing by long lines along the project road. White Poplar (Populus alba) and Mulberry (Morus alba) are also quite common here (about 10% each) however they growing by small groups (no more than 4-5 trees) or single trees. Some Populus pyramidalis, Ulmus foliacea, Punica Granatum, Cupressus sp. and Pinus sp. are also present here mainly within private properties. Tamarisk shrubs are much more distributed here comparison with R45. Few Sedge (Carex sp.) patches can also be observed here due to increasing of land moisture. Most of the trees are distributed within villages' vicinity. The distance of planted trees from the centerline is mainly between 12 to 20 m however in some road sections they are closer (up to 6-8 m). EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 86 ROADS 4.3.2 Fauna Typical predators of the area are jackal Canis aureus and red fox Vulpes vulpes, a resident species of this area and wolf Canis lupus, which follow sheep flocks to their winter pastures in the lowlands. Further characteristic mammals are the Eared Hedgehog (Hemiehinus auritus) quite common here during warm seasons of the year (it falling into hibernation for a winter time). Some bats - Pipistrellus pipistrellus, P. kuhlii, Myotis mystacinus and Barbastella barbastellab2) are also distributed here within summer time and migrating south or hibernating during winter. The hare Lepus europaeus and rodents Mus muscus, Meriones erythrourus, M. vinogradovi and Microtus socialis are widely distributed in the fields adjacent to the project road. African Wildcat (Felis libycaa) is extremely rare species for the area and according to some literature sources it is even not exist here anymore. Marbled Polecat (Vormela peregusnaa) is quite rare as well however still observing at semi-desert steppes mainly within colonies of numerous sanderlings (shelters of the polecat is inside the burrows of this rodent). Wild boar (Sus scrofa) is keeping mainly reed overgrowing at Hajigabul Lake and Shirvan National Park, but quite often moving to the agricultural fields at night and returning back to the shelters at the morning. The Coypu (Myocastor coypus) is one of most typical mammals occurring in the numerous water canals. Most characteristic resident bird species of the area are Common Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus), Rock Dove (Columba livia), Turtle Dove (Streptopelia turtur), Little Owl (Athene noctua), Hoopoe (Upupa epops), Crested Lark (Galerida cristata) and Isabelline Wheatear (Oenanthe isabellina). Many breeding species are also occurring in the area within summer time: Lesser Kestrel (Falco naumanni), European (Merops apiaster) and Blue-Cheeked Bee-Eaters (Merops superciliosus), Rufous Bushchat (Cercotrichas galactotes), Red-Backed (Lanius collurio) and Lesser Grey Shrikes (Lanius minor), Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis) and many others. Penduline Tit (Remiz pendulinus) and Magpie (Pica pica) are especially numerous here and their nests can be observed at most of the trees alongside the project roads. Such birds as Little White (Egretta garzetta) and Cattle Egrets (Bubulcus ibis) are also present on the study area within breeding season, but these species have their core habitats and breeding sites in different areas. A lot of other non-breeding water birds can be observed here during the whole year: Pygmy (Phalacrocorax pygmaeus) and Great (Phalacrocorax carbo) Cormorants are fishing at the channels, akhazes and Kur River or drying wings 2 a – Species included into Azerbaijan Red Data Book b – Species has international protection status (IUCN Red List) c – Species has both local and international protection status EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 87 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS on the neighboring trees. Numerous egrets and herons (Ixobrychus minutus, Nicticorax nycticorax, Egretta alba, Ardea cinerea and others) are hunting on the shallow water of channels and floodings. Some small waders are occurring on the flooded fields within non-breeding seasons. Both Dalmatian (Pelecanus crispusc) and White (P. onocrotalusa) Pelicans, different common and protected species of ducks including White Headed Duck (Oxyura leucocephalac), gulls and terns are quite common along the Kur River during migration and winter season. Figure 4-6: Dalmatian Pelicans (Pelecanus crispusc) flock over R46 Reptiles of the area are very dangerous venomous Blunt Nosed Viper (Vipera lebetina) that mainly active in warm seasons of the year with peak of activity in May, however can be observed during whole year; lizards – Caspian Gecko (Cyrtopodion caspius), Grozny Lacerta (Lacerta strigata), European Glass Lizard (Pseudopodus apodus). One of most distributed by same time both internationally and locally protected reptile species of the area is Greek Tortoise (Testudo graeca). This species is use to keep arid landscapes but also like to visit the grasslands and gardens for foraging. Two species of turtles (Emys orbicularisb and Mauremys caspica) are sharing similar habitats of water streams, marshes and ponds with Dice Snake (Natrix tessellata). Most typical amphibian species for semi-desert landscape is Green Toad (Bufo viridis) The Common Frog (Rana ridibunda) is characteristic and most numerous species that can be found in the vicinity of each water body within the project area. Much rarer is Tree Frog (Hyla savignyi) that occurs only in canals and ponds with well developed reed-bed. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 88 ROADS The Kur River and its tributaries are the temporary (spawning or/and migration areas) or residential habitat for most of fish species occurring within Azerbaijan. However just few of them can be found inside the channels crossed by the Project Roads: Elox lucius, Rutilus rutilus, Alburnus charusini, Scardinius erytrophthalmus, Barbus cyri, B. capito, Cobitis caspia etc. In the relatively small channels the local population does some fishing, but according to information obtained from local people it is not a source of regular alimentation, it is more a sportive occupation. Tarantula (Lycosa), Phalanges (Galeodes araneoides), Scorpions (Buthus eupeus) and tick (Ornithodorus) are most common species from arthropoda on the study area. Insects are presented by Darkling Beetles (Blaps), a lot of locusts species (Dociostaurus maroccanus is especially numerous), some mantis, small mosquito (Phlebotomus) occurs in the burrows of sanderlings in dry area and many different gnats occurs on wetlands. Two species are from Azerbaijan Red Data Book - Megacephalus euphraticus (beetle), Manduca atropos (Lepidoptera). Figure 4-7: Tree Frog (Hyla savignyi) at reed leaf within the channel 4.3.3 Protected Areas There are three protected areas in surrounding of project area however neither of them is adjacent to the R45 or R46. Shirvan National Park had been created by Presidential Decree No 1298 from July 05, 2003. Territory of the park is 54,373.5 ha and including plots of Baku (Garadag), Salyan, Shirvan and Neftchala administrative districts. Additionally 6,232.0 ha of adjacent territory is belonging to Shirvan State Nature Reserve and 4,930.ha to Bandovan Sanctuary. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 89 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS The main landscape of the park is natural semi-desert steppe with wormwood (Artemisia sp.) edificatory and high diversity of ephemeral grasses. Tamarisk bushes are also highly developed here. The artificial lake Shorgyol (Flamingo) is located in the middle of the park occupying territory of about 4,000 ha and is important habitat for various water birds. Eastern part of the park is Caspian Sea coast with sand beaches and shallow lagoons. The main reason for this protected area creation was protection of Persian Gazelle (Gazella subgutturosac) widely distributed within its area and species of fauna that are typical to this territory. Its functions also envision the implementation of environmental monitoring, public environmental education, as well as creating conditions for tourism and recreation. Durovdag Mud Volcano. According to the presidential decree No 2315 from August 15, 2007, most of mud volcanoes are subject to governmental protection as nature monuments. One of protected volcanoes - Durovdag, is placed within Shirvan National Park – at its southern border. However this volcano is located in some distance from R46 (in about 9 km to the east from village Ashagi Surra) and separated by Kur River from the Project area, location of this protected area shall be taken into consideration during borrow pit selection. Figure 4-8: Greater Flamingos (Phoenicopterus roseus) and different ducks at Hajigabul Lake Another environmentally important area located approximately three kilometers north east of the northern starting point of the R45 has international conservation status as an Important Bird Area – Hajigabul Lake. An Important Bird Area (IBA) is an area recognized as being globally important habitat for EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 90 ROADS the conservation of bird populations. The program was developed and sites are identified by BirdLife International. These sites are small enough to be entirely conserved and differ in their character, habitat or ornithological importance from the surrounding habitat. There are 53 IBAs exiting in Azerbaijan. IBA No 41 (Hajigabul Lake and adjacent artificial fish ponds) does not have big territory, but this is one of most important site for conservation of winter habitat of such rare species as White-headed Duck. Winter number of this endangered IUCN listed bird on Hajigabul Lake can exceed 10% of the world population of this species. Same time this lake and adjacent fish-ponds are also important habitat for many other rare locally and internationally protected species. 4.3.4 Borrow Pits There are two potential borrow areas mentioned in documents prepared previously for the ARS (Study on Prospective Construction Materials Sources and Better Regulation of River Extraction – IBRD Loan 7356AZ) that can be used for extraction of embankment materials – Kalmas and Babazanan hills. Flora - The study area is characterized by saltwort and ephemeral deserts and wormwood-saltwort semi-deserts with a short growing period of vegetation. Spring vegetation dominates over autumn vegetation. Saltwort vegetation is widely spread compared to wormwood. Wormwood formations are mostly developed here on the background of ephemeral grass vegetation. The biodiversity of the flora is particularly high with up to 600-729 plant species in this area. Artemisia hanseniana is the main edificatory for wormwood semi-deserts and Salsola dendroides is edificatory for saltwort deserts. The groups of two edificatory (Artemisieto- Salsoletum nodulosae) also play a very important role and are widely found in this zone. The original vegetation covers formerly used both Kalmas and Babazanan borrow sites are almost completely removed. Both areas had been intensively used within previous highways (Hajigabul-Horadiz and Alat-Masalli highways) construction/rehabilitation activities and even earlier. Recently both areas had been properly reinstated and within next years landscape can be naturally recovered. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 91 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Figure 4-9: Rehabilitated Babazanan Borrow Site The proposed sites are also under strong pressure of overgrazing as the pastoral farm is directly adjacent to the site. However, herbaceous plants such as Euphorbia helioscopia, Veronica chamaedrys, Leontodon hispidus, Cirsium arvensis, Erodium cicutarium, Arnebia linearifolia, Sisymbrium officinadale, Ammi visnaga, Cicorium intibus, Calendula sp . and Papaver sp. are still found in the vicinity of the proposed site but can be found mainly in the spring season. Salsola sp., Eryngium planum and Echinops ritro are the most typical species of the dry conditions in summer. Higher incidence of Tamarix ramosissima or Poa bulbosa indicates areas with increasingly dry conditions. Halocnemum strobilaceum and Halostachys caspia develop on especially salty soils (as in the vicinity of the Babazanan site). The main seasons of ephemeral vegetation are spring and autumn with spring vegetation dominating over autumn. The quiescent period of ephemers and ephemeroids coincides with the driest season of the year. The woody-shrubby vegetation is represented here by solitary fig trees, a few tamarisk shrubs, pomegranate, junipers etc. mainly developed within canyons of temporary water streams and forms less than 5% of all flora of the area, 95% are annual and perennial grasses. Fauna - The Tarantula (Lycosa), Phalanges (Galeodes araneoides), Scorpions (Buthus eupeus) and tick (Ornithodorus) are the most common species of arthropoda in the potential borrow areas. Insects are presented by Darkling Beetles (Blaps), locust species (Dociostaurus maroccanus is especially numerous), some mantis, small mosquito (Phlebotomus) in the burrows of Sanderlings in the dry areas and gnats in the wetlands. Two species are from EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 92 ROADS Azerbaijan Red Data Book - Megacephalus euphraticus (beetle), Manduca atropos (Lepidoptera). Both areas being very dry do not contain very diverse habitats. Amphibians present include mostly Green Toad (Bufo viridis), which can live in dry habitats and Common Frog (Rana ridibunda) – that can be observed in wet canyons (at Kalmas), numerous canals and fish ponds (surrounding Babazanan). Amphibians can usually be found all year round, but especially between March and November. Figure 4-10: Rehabilitated Kalmas Borrow Site One of the most typical species of the area is Greek Tortoise (Testudo greca) (IUCN Red List and Azerbaijan Red Data Book), which is one of the most characteristic animals of semi-desert dry lands. Many other reptile species occur in this type of landscape – lizards (Eremias arguta, Eumeces scheideri, Cyrtopodion caspius etc.) and snakes (Elaphe quatourlineata, Eirenis collaris, Malpolon monspessulanus, Vipera lebetina etc.). European Pond Turtle (Emys orbicularis) form IUCN Red List, Caspian Turtle (Mauremy caspia) and Grass- snake (Natrix tessellata) occur in both artificial and natural water bodies adjacent to the proposed Babazanan site. Most Sauria and Criptodira reptiles can be found between March and October-November (depending upon temperature). Serpentes are usually present between the end of March and October. The exception is Vipera lebetina, which is usually found all year round. There are important bird migratory pathways in the area. Many different species of grebes, cormorants, herons, swans, geese, ducks, raptors, waders, gulls, terns and passerines migrate from the end of August until the middle of EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 93 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS December (autumn migration) and from the middle of February until middle of May (spring migration). Approximately 300 species of birds have been identified within study areas within the two migration periods. Many of them are included in IUCN Red List and in Azerbaijan Red Data Book (AzRDB) – Pygmy Cormorant, Dalmatian Pelican, Lesser White-fronted Goose, White- headed Duck, White-tailed Eagle, Corncrake, Little Bustard, Sociable Plover and many others. Typical breeding birds for both hills include semi-desert species such as Lesser Kestrel, Chukar, Quail, Stone Curlew, Greater Sandplover, Black-bellied Sandgrouse (AzRDB), Rock Dove, Little Owl, European and Blue-Cheeked Bee-eater, Hoopoe, Crested Lark, House Martin, Swallow, Isabellina Wheatear, Rose-Colored Starling, Goldfinch etc. In the wintertime some of birds can concentrate in high number on the water surface of Hajigabul Lake (near the Kalmas) and in a little number on Duzdag Lake (near Babazanan) and other small water ponds. These are – Great Crested Grebe, Black- necked Grebe, Dalmatian Pelican (IUCN, AzRDB), Pygmy Cormorant (IUCN), Great White Egret, Mute Swan (AzRDB), Greylag, Lesser Whitefront Goose (IUCN), Shelduck, Mallard, Wigeon, Teal, Red-crested Pochard, Tufted Duck, Pochard, White-headed Duck (IUCN), Coot, Yellow-legged Gull, Great Black- headed Gull, Common Gull, Little Gull etc. The most typical mammal species include Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus, Meriones erythrourus, Pipistrellus kuhli and Vulpes vulpes. The Oryctolagus cuniculus, Sciurus vulgaris and Pipistrellus kuhli are typical human species. Hemiechinus auritus, Pipistrellus pipistrellus, Microtus socialis , Canis aureus, Mustela nivalis, Lepus europaeus are also quite common here. Canis lupus is a typical winter visitor of the area – it migrates to lowland winter pastures together with numerous flocks of sheep. One of the most important species for Babazan borrow site is Persian Gazelle (Gazella subgutturosac). This species is the endemic animal for the country and main population is concentrated inside Shirvan National Park which is neighboring with Babazanan at northern edge. Gazelles are use to regularly visit Babazanan. 4.4 SOCIO-ECONOMIC RESOURCES 4.4.1 Infrastructure Azerbaijan inherited a relatively extensive water supply system from the Former Soviet Union (FSU). About 95 percent of the population in Baku and about 83 percent of those living in secondary cities and small towns are connected to piped water, but the quality of infrastructure and services has deteriorated severely since independence, due to a lack of investment and deferred maintenance. In many secondary and small towns, water treatment facilities are largely dysfunctional or lacking completely, leaving the EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 94 ROADS population in these towns without access to safe water. In addition, almost everywhere in the country, the piped water supply is unreliable and often available fewer than 12 hours per day. Centralized piped water supply systems are rare in rural areas, where less than 33 percent of the population has access to a piped water supply.3 The villages within the Project corridor are served by mains electricity and mains gas and some to piped water systems. Many of the connecting utilities are located adjacent to the road sides, such as gas pipes and electricity transmission towers. Careful consideration needs to be applied to these utilities during the design and construction phases of the Project to minimize disruption to these utilities, especially in winter months. Other infrastructure in the Project area includes irrigation channels and a railway line. It is unlikely that there will be any impacts to the railway line, unless local roads are proposed that cross the line. As with utilities, design and construction activities should be coordinated with users of irrigation waters to ensure minimal disruption. 4.4.2 Land Use The predominant land use in the Project Corridor is agricultural. Figure 4-11 illustrates how the Kur and its associated irrigation channels feed the farmland adjacent to many sections of the Projects Roads. No industrial land uses were noted within the Project Corridor with the exception of the oil fields close to Neftchala. Commercial activities were noted including Sturgeon breeding, again within Neftchala Rayon. Villages within the Project corridor comprised no buildings of architectural or historical importance. Figure 4-11: Indication of Agricultural land use in the Project Corridor. 3 World Bank Group – Azerbaijan Program Snapshot, 2013 EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 95 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS 4.4.3 Waste Management Waste management in Azerbaijan has considerable scope for improvement. There is no separation of waste or collection/treatment of household waste such as lead acid batteries, mercury-containing thermometers, household chemicals, paints and pesticides. Much waste is dumped on land by the roadside, along riverbanks, and on land adjacent to towns and villages. Waste management in the Project Area is particularly poor, large swathes of garbage were observed dumped by locals villagers in ditches adjacent to both Project roads (see Figure 4-12). In turn this behavior is leading to pollution of water ways and groundwater. Figure 4-12: Waste Dumped in Drainage Ditches. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 96 ROADS 4.4.4 Population The road corridor is located in Salyan, Neftchala and Sabiribad administrative districts (Rayons). The main centre of population is Salyan City. Salyan itself lies within two bends of the Kur River, south of the study area. Table 4-3 provides a summary of the most recent population data for the Project Rayons. Table 4-3: Population of Project Rayons Rayon Population 2013 Urban Rural Total Sabiribad 29.2 132.7 161.9 Neftchala 39.3 43.9 82.2 Salyan 41.7 86.4 128.1 Numerous small villages and settlements line the Project corridor. Section 3 (Table 3-1) provides further details of the names and locations of these settlements. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 97 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS 4.4.5 Socio-economic Issues General - Azerbaijan is a lower middle-income country with a gross national income per capita of $3,660 in 2008. Mineral resources, mainly oil and gas, contribute approximately to one half of GDP. Agriculture contributes at about 6 percent to GDP but it provides livelihoods to almost half of all households. The country has fertile agricultural land and a well-educated labor force. In the last five years, GDP has grown at an average annual rate of 15 percent – which is attributable mainly to oil and gas production. However, oil production is expected to peak in 2011 and decline after that if no major new discoveries are made. For this reason, diversified development of the non-oil sector is critical for generating jobs and promoting long-term growth. The Project falls in Aran region of the country where the level of poverty is estimated to be 5.6 percent. The project is expected to link three Rayons of the country i.e. Sabirabad, Salyan and Neftchala. The main occupation of this region is agriculture and is concentrated on subsistence farming. Main crops grown are cotton, grains and vegetables. Apart from agriculture, cattle-breeding and fisheries are two main other sources of livelihoods. Share of total agriculture output in the four Rayons accounts for 6.3 percent of total agriculture output of the country. Significantly, the share of industry output in these areas consists of only 1.1 percent of total industry output of the country (Table 4-4). Table 4-4: Main Economic Indicators of the Region, 2012 Number of registered Industry Agriculture Retail trade Investment to employees in output output turnover fixed assets economy in '000 in min. Manat unless otherwise indicated Total Country 1480.7 34565.0 4844.6 17559.1 15407.2 Baku 661.3 30877 27.5 8809.4 9502.3 Aran Region, total, 215 821.5 1435.5 2570.0 1219.6 o/w Neftchala 9.6 27.1 64.0 116.0 17.1 Salyan 16.1 53.5 88.3 128.5 97.2 Sabirabad 14.4 4.6 150.6 157.7 107.0 EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 98 ROADS share in % Total Country 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Baku 44.7 89.3 0.6 50.2 61.7 Aran Region, total, 14.5 2.4 29.6 14.6 7.9 o/w Neftchala 0.6 0.1 1.3 0.7 0.1 Salyan 1.1 0.2 1.8 0.7 0.6 Sabirabad 1.0 0.0 3.1 0.9 0.7 Source: World Bank Group – Azerbaijan Program Snapshot, 2013 and AzSTAT Table 4-5 provides an overview of average wages in the relevant Rayons and how they have risen significantly since 2000. Table 4-5: Average monthly nominal wages (in Manat) and salaries of employees by economic regions 2000 2005 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Republic of 44.3 123.6 215.8 274.4 298.0 331.5 364.2 398.4 Azerbaijan Baku city (with 60.0 194.1 322.8 396.5 429.8 474.8 517.2 566.5 settlements) Aran 28.4 76.1 138.0 178.2 191.5 213.5 234.1 243.7 economic region Neftchala 42.7 79.4 144.8 183.0 197.8 209.0 239.5 242.8 Bilasuvar 26.5 66.3 127.8 170.1 188.7 203.7 237.6 249.7 Salyan 32.2 92.4 147.9 181.1 192.5 216.0 231.9 250.8 Sabirabad 24.0 75.3 134.7 172.0 190.4 223.6 240.0 242.4 Hajigabul 27.9 71.2 131.1 181.7 197.5 218.3 255.2 255.3 Shirvan city 43.2 145.7 247.2 298.0 290.5 304.7 337.2 384.4 Salayan District Profile - The district belongs to Aran Economic Region. The economic region’s main natural resources are oil, natural gas, iodine and bromide groundwater as well as aggregates and construction materials. Power generation, chemical manufacturing and machinery production are vital economic activities. Its light industries are essentially agriculture-based with cotton, grain, fruit and vegetables, fisheries, dairy and meat as the major products; over 90% of the country’s cotton is produced in this region. Agriculture production particularly in Salyan and the adjacent Neftchala district is highly dependent on an elaborate irrigation-drainage system. With the collapse of the Soviet Union and the withdrawal of state subsidy, a EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 99 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS number of irrigation facilities were left in a state of disrepair due to lack of funds. State lands have been privatised and parcelled. A great proportion of the irrigation system now requires rehabilitation and maintenance. Only recently has the agricultural sector begun to revive with the government’s efforts to rehabilitate the irrigation system and the provision of more investment for the agricultural system. The basis of the economy of the district is agriculture specialised on grain, potato, vegetables, fruit and grapes and to some extent cotton production. Many farmers previously involved in cotton production have shifted to grain cultivation and rearing livestock: cattle, sheep and poultry. There are state agricultural enterprises, 86 private and 261 individual farms. Currently, agricultural land is devoted to cultivation of alfalfa and pasture (80%), cotton (10%) and cereals (10%). Vineyards and vegetable cultivation are primarily backyard activities with produce either consumed directly for subsistence and/or sold at roadsides or local markets. In addition to agriculture, there are some processing and manufacturing activities including cotton ginning and plastic production. There is an oil and gas production unit in Salyan district. In all centres of population and along the existing road, a variety of businesses have been established ranging from temporary sales points for fruit, vegetables, fish and ‘ayran’ (a yogurt- based drink), shacks selling vehicle lubricants through open-air restaurants to more ‘permanent’ bakeries, tea shops, restaurants, general stores, supermarkets, petrol stations, vehicle repair yards and construction materials yards. Neftchala District Profile - Neftchala district’s main economic activities are chemical production – although none are located within the immediate vicinity of the Project corridor. The district has large reserves of iodine- and bromine-bearing waters as well as oil and gas. Agricultural activities are quite limited due to not only the soil conditions but also the condition of the irrigation and drainage system. The fishery sector is highly developed with increasing investment in hatchery and nursery operation for sturgeon breeding. Sabiribad District Profile - Sabirabad’s economy is based on agriculture with cereals, various types of root crops, livestock, and poultry as the major products, along with highly developed animal breeding. 4.4.6 Health & Safety Current traffic volumes within the Project Corridor are very low, as such accidents rates are assumed to be low. Only one hospital was noted within the Project area, at Km 1.2 of the R46. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 100 ROADS Life expectancy in Azerbaijan was not far behind that of Western Europe in the 1970s, but since that time, it has improved only slightly and is now falling behind. Responsibility for declining life expectancy falls largely on the high levels of non-communicable diseases (cardiovascular and malignant neoplasms), which international experience suggests will require increased and better quality medical care. There are now fewer than 40 maternal deaths per year. Infant mortality has declined since 2000, although more recently, the trend has been more flat.4 Table 4.6 provides an indicator of infant mortality rates in the Project Rayons. Table 4-6: Infant mortality under 1 year by economic and administrative regions and towns of the Republic of Azerbaijan in 20121) Economic and Total including: administrative regions and towns urban rural boys girls places places Azerbaijan Republic 1884 1524 360 1035 849 Baku city - total 784 784 - 431 353 Aran economic 310 188 122 170 140 region - total Neftchala region 15 8 7 8 7 Bilasuvar region 21 12 9 12 9 Salyan region 17 9 8 9 8 Sabirabad region 15 8 7 8 7 Hajigabul region 7 4 3 4 3 t.d. of Shirvan 15 15 - 8 7 town 1) Based on data of the Ministry Healthcare 4.4.7 Educational Facilities The desire of Azerbaijan to move up the ranks of upper-middle income countries has intensified the urgency for sustainable, long term reforms in the country’s education system. Primary enrollments are comparable to the level of high income countries and indicate wide access to basic education. However, enrollments in preschool and higher education still remain low. In addition, the quality of educational outcomes at all levels shows scope for improvement. 5 4 World Bank Group – Azerbaijan Program Snapshot, 2013 5 World Bank Group – Azerbaijan Program Snapshot, 2013 EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 101 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Several schools were noted within 200 meters of the centerline of the Project corridor. Table 4-1 lists the schools locations and distances from the centerline. Given that all of the schools identified were located within urban areas, where speed limits are set at 50 kilometers per hour, noise impacts to these sensitive receptors will be minimal. However, increased traffic volumes may result in increased accidents between vehicles and school children if designs do not take into account basic safety requirements such as sidewalks and pedestrian crossings in the vicinity of schools. 4.4.8 Cultural Heritage In general, there are few culturally important structures and sites within the study area. Archways and monuments have been constructed at entrances to some settlements and at the district borders (see Figure 4-13). Monuments in the form of drinking water points are provided at several locations along the existing road. War memorials were also observed within the vicinity of the road, but not close enough to be impacted by Project works. Figure 4-13: Monument indicating border with Neftchela Rayon. 4.4.9 Noise Noise is often explained as sound that is unwanted by the listener. Sound is a wave motion carried by air particles between the source and the receiver, usually the ear. Sound, pressure and noise are measured in units of decibel EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 102 ROADS (dB) using a logarithmic scale. If a sound is increased by 10 dB, it is perceived as a doubling in loudness. Changes in a sound by 3 dB(A) is barely perceptible to the human ear. Noise standards in Azerbaijan for different areas and times of day are those issued by the Russian Federation (e.g. Sanitary Norm CH2.2.4/2.1.8.562-96, Moscow, 1997). The maximum allowable noise level standards are shown in Table 2-3. The recommended value for ambient daytime noise levels in residential areas is 60 dB(A). Given the current low-moderate level of road traffic and general lack of industrial activity within the Project Corridor, noise is not considered to be a key environmental issue in the Project area at present. Sensitive noise receptors6 in the study area provided by Table 4-7 below. Table 4-7: Sensitive Noise Receptors (R45 & R46) Approximate # Type Location (km) Distance from Centerline (m) R45 1 School 4.0 50 2 Mosque 8.4 45 3 Mosque 11.6 40 4 School 15.2 50 R46 5 Hospital 1.2 40 6 School 3.1 40 6 Sensitive noise receptors are classified as schools, hospitals, places of worship, etc. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 103 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS 7 School 12.7 40 8 School 19.9 40 9 Mosque 20.8 50 10 School 21.4 50 11 School 25.4 40 12 School 29.0 200 EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 104 ROADS 5. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS 5.1 GENERAL According to the Terms of Reference, this portion of the report shall: “determine and quantify where possible the significant positive and negative impacts, direct and indirect impacts, and immediate and long-term impacts associated with the project and any alternate design options. Identify those that are unavoidable or irreversible. Identify mitigation measures and explore opportunities for environmental enhancement. State the basis for selection of the proposed design, and make specific recommendations to be incorporated by the final engineering design.� Accordingly, this section of the report discusses the environmental and social impacts within the Project corridors of the R45 & R46 Roads and Local Roads and proposes appropriate mitigation measures. The proposed rehabilitation of the Project Roads has been classified as a Category B project based on the World Bank’s Operational Policy 4.01. Accordingly, it is anticipated that the impacts on human population or environmentally important areas are less adverse, site specific, with very minimal irreversible impact and that the measures redesigned more readily than Category A projects. Most of the impacts are directly related to the construction period of the project road. To minimize any adverse impact, it was decided that the alignment of the proposed rehabilitation would coincide with the existing alignment subject to the engineering guidelines and criteria in the design. The primary disturbance along the road corridor will entail generally earthworks such as roadside embankment stabilization, pavement, and bridge construction and drainage works installation. Minor work will entail installation of guard rails and other necessary road furniture. It is expected that noise level and dust particulate concentrations in the air will be elevated. 5.2 IMPACT PHASES This impact assessment and mitigating measures cover the entire cycle of the project activities, from design, pre-construction, construction and operation and maintenance. The coverage of each of this sub-project phases is defined as follows:  Design – This is the period of the detailed design.  Pre-construction Phase – this period is the time that the ‘Notice to Proceed’ is given to the Contractor until commencement of construction. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 105 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS  Construction Phase - the period from the completion of the Pre- construction activities time until the issuing of the ‘Certificate of Completion’.  Operation and Maintenance Phase – This final period is the time from completion of works. The key feature of the three Project activities that mitigate the overall adverse impact is the fact that all Projects will be confined within the existing road alignment. 5.3 TYPE OF IMPACTS Potential impacts from projects such as road improvement projects may be classified as: Direct Impacts - i.e., those directly due to the project itself such as the conversion of land previously used for agricultural purposes to transport use. Direct impacts also include the impact of construction expenditures in the local economy. Indirect Impacts – i.e., those resulting from activities prompted by the project, but not directly attributable to it. The use of rock for the improved roadbeds, for example, has an indirect impact of increasing the demand for crushed rock and increased borrow operations. Cumulative Impacts – i.e., impacts in conjunction with other activities. A single road improvement may not exert a significant environmental impact, but if several roads comprising a network are developed in the same area, or are combined with agricultural reform programs in the same general area, the cumulative or additive effect could be large. Impacts in all three categories may be either: Short-term – i.e., impacts which occur during road construction and affect land use, air quality and other factors. Many of these impacts, however, will be short- lived and without long-lasting effects. Even the effects of some relatively significant impacts such as borrow pits, for example, may be eventually erased if appropriate mitigation actions are taken. Many potential short-term negative impacts can be avoided or otherwise mitigated through proper engineering designs and by requiring contractors to apply environmentally appropriate construction methods. Or; Long-term – i.e., road impacts that could, for example, affect regional land use and development patterns and regional hydrology and flooding if roads are poorly designed. Long-term negative impacts can also result from the loss of agricultural land to other land uses; air and water pollution; problems associated with scattered borrow pits; and haphazard growth. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 106 ROADS Both short-term and long-term impacts may be either beneficial or adverse. Short-term positive impacts will include, for example, the generation of employment opportunities during construction period. Long-term benefits will include enhanced development opportunities, improved transport services, easier access to commercial and service facilities; faster communications and commodity transport; improved access to markets and growth centers and increased services and commercial facilities. 5.4 SUMMARY OF IMPACTS Table 5-1 provides a summary of the potential Project impacts that are discussed in detail under Sections 5-4 to 5-7. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 107 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Table 5-1: Summary Impact Table Biological Physical Characteristic Socio-economic Characteristic Characteristic Public Health & Safety Community Structure Educational Facilities Socio-economic Protected Areas Natural Hazards Cultural Heritage Climate and Air Management Topography Infrastructure Population Hydrology Geology Land Use Quality Fauna Waste Flora Noise Soils Alignment Changes D/L D/S D/S D/S D/L D/L D/S D/L Road Structure (width, D/S etc) Noise Barriers D/S D/L D/L D/L Wildlife Crossings D/S D/S D/L D/S D/S Land Acquisition D/L D\L Borrow Pits D/L D/L D/L D/L D/L D/L D/L Asphalt Plants D/L D/L D/S D/S D/L D/L D/L Construction Camp D/L D/L D/S D/S D/L D/L D/L D/L Storage Areas D/L D/L D/S D/S D/L D/L D/L EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 108 ROADS Haul Routes D/L D/L D/L D/L D/L D/L Site Clearance D/L D/L D/L D/L D/L D/S D/S Physical Characteristic Biological Socio-economic Characteristic Characteristic Public Health & Safety Community Structure Educational Facilities Socio-economic Protected Areas Natural Hazards Cultural Heritage Climate and Air Management Topography Infrastructure Population Hydrology Geology Land Use Quality Fauna Waste Flora Noise Soils Pavement D/S D/S D/S D/S D/S D/S D/S D/S D/S D/S construction Bridge construction D/S D/S D/L D/L D/L D/S D/S D/S Culverts D/S D/S D/L D/S D/S D/S D/S Earthworks D/L D/L D/S D/S D/S D/S D/S D/S D/S D/S D/S D/S Removal of Trees D/L D/L D/L D/L D/L D/S Relocation of Services D/L D/L D/L D/L D/L Increased traffic D/L D/L D/L D/L D/L Road Maintenance D/S D/S D/S D/S D/S D/S EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 109 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS D = Direct S = Short-term L= Long term Potential Potential Potential High Impact Impact Impact Positive Impact Low/Medium Impact Impact EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 110 ROADS 5.5 IMPACTS TO PHYSICAL RESOURCES 5.5.1 Geology & Soils The main direct and permanent impacts on geology and soils will occur during the construction phase. These impacts relate to permanent loss of agricultural land, removal of topsoil during site clearance, extraction of materials for road construction, physical works such as embankment construction, and disposal of surplus/unsuitable for reuse within the works. 5.5.1.1 Potential Impacts The decision to restrict the Project works to within the existing RoW and carriageway, will keep soils related construction impacts to a minimum. Potential impacts to this component may however include:  Loss of Soil for Grazing and Agricultural Production – As the project involves reconstruction and rehabilitation of an established road, the Project impact on the land acquisition is reduced to a minimum. However, the Designer shall prepare geometric design of the road in such a way that no land acquisition in addition to that included in the LARP is required in consequence of the design.  Soil Compaction – Use of heavy plant equipment can lead to soil compaction.  Erosion - Certain types of road improvements (e.g., road widening) result increased runoff and/or increased velocities could lead to additional soil loss. In this instance, however, virtually all rehabilitation activities will be confined to the existing RoW and no significant increase in the amount of impervious surfaces and/or the quantity or velocity of runoff is anticipated.  Borrow Pits – Certain volume of materials will be obtained from borrow areas and will be used for fill, capping layer and granular sub-base. Several potential borrow areas have been identified which can be used for the project road (see Section 4). The prospective Contractor will probably identify his source of materials. However, the materials need to be approved by the CSC prior to using them for the project road. Potential impacts relating to borrow pits are discussed under Item 5.5.4 – Borrow Pits.  Induced Changes - Induced changes in the Project Area leading to industrial and commercial development are conceivable, thereby decreasing soil availability for agricultural purposes. However, given the traditionally strong agricultural sector in this region significant induced changes are considered unlikely.  Contamination Due to Spills or Hazardous Materials - Potential soil contamination is a possibility resulting from poorly managed fuels, oils and other hazardous liquids used during the project works. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 111 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS 5.5.1.2 Mitigation Measures Mitigation related to the potential soil-related impacts is recommended as follows: Pre-construction Phase  Loss of Soil for Agricultural Production. Before the commencement of the construction works of the Project at any road, the ARS must prepare the Land Acquisition and Resettlement Plan (the LARP), obtain the approval of the World Bank and then implement the plan and acquire the land. The LARP will be processed by the ARS and World Bank during the Contractor bidding period, and it does not require any action of the Contractor. It will be approved and implemented before the Contractor commences work. In addition, construction camps, staging areas and temporary storage, shall not be located on agricultural or private lands without the express permission of the landowner.  Borrow Pits – Mitigation relating to borrow pits is discussed under Item 5.5.4 – Borrow Pits. In addition to the above, the Contractors for all Project roads will be responsible for preparation of an Emergency Response Plan (ERP) which will cover containment of hazardous materials, oil spills, and work-site accidents. The plan will detail the process for handling, and subsequently reporting, emergencies, and specify the organizational structure (including responsibilities of nominated personnel). The plan will be submitted to the CSC for approval. Implementation of the plan will be monitored by the CSC. Any emergencies, and how they were handled, will be reported in monthly progress reports by the Contractor to the CSC & ARS PIU. Construction Phase Potential adverse impacts will be avoided or otherwise mitigated by ensuring the Contractor complies with the following:  Erosion - During construction, the Contractor will be responsible for ensuing material that is less susceptible to erosion will be selected for placement around bridges and culverts. In addition he shall ensure re-vegetation of exposed areas including; (i) selection of fast growing and grazing resistant species of local grasses and shrubs; (ii) immediate re-vegetation of all slopes and embankments if not covered with gabion baskets; (iii) placement of fiber mats to encourage vegetation growth. The CSC and the Contractor will both be responsible for ensuing that embankments are monitored continuously during construction for signs of erosion.  Soil Compaction - The contractor should endeavor to confine operation of EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 112 ROADS heavy equipment within the RoW, as much as possible, to avoid soil compaction and damage to privately owned land. If in case private lands are disturbed, the contractor should promptly inform the owner and agree on the ways to remedy the situation.  Borrow Pits – Mitigation relating to borrow pits is discussed under Item 5.5.4 – Borrow Pits.  Conversion of Agricultural Soils Due to Indirect/Induced Impacts. Although the EMP contains provisions controlling direct impacts of land takings for both the road and ancillary functions (asphalt plants, construction camps, etc.), control of the induced impacts is largely beyond the scope of the Project.  Contamination Due to Spills or Hazardous Materials. The Contractor, with oversight from the CSC, shall ensure that: - All fuel and chemical storage (if any) shall be sited on an impervious base within a bund and secured by fencing. The storage area shall be located away from any watercourse or wetlands. The base and bund walls shall be impermeable and of sufficient capacity to contain 110 percent of the volume of tanks. - The construction camp maintenance yard shall be constructed on impervious hard standing with adequate drainage to collect spills, there shall be no vehicle maintenance activities on open ground. - Filling and refueling shall be strictly controlled and subject to formal procedures. Drip pans shall be placed under all filling and fueling areas. Waste oils shall be stored and disposed of by a licensed contractor. - All valves and trigger guns shall be resistant to unauthorized interference and vandalism and be turned off and securely locked when not in use. - The contents of any tank or drum shall be clearly marked. Measures shall be taken to ensure that no contaminated discharges enter any soils. - No bitumen drums or containers, full or used, shall be stored on open ground. They shall only be stored on impervious hard standing. - Areas using bitumen shall be constructed on impervious hard standing to prevent seepage of oils into the soils. 5.5.2 Topography 5.5.2.1 Potential Impacts to Topography All Phases - The Project location of both the R45 and R46 roads in this instance has been determined by the existing RoW to be rehabilitated. No significant alteration in realignment is included in the Project with the exception of the minor alterations to curves due to the requirements of safety specifications. Due to the flat nature of all Projects roads no cut and fill activities will occur EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 113 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS and no blasting will be required. Accordingly, potential impacts to topography will be limited to borrow pits. 5.5.3 Climate and Air Quality 5.5.3.1 Potential Air Quality Impacts The potential impacts of the Project to air quality are described as follows: Design and Pre-construction Phase - The road rehabilitation works are generally intermittent and not permanent in a specific site, the works move along the Project road as work progresses and as such air quality impacts will be short term in specific locations. However, fugitive emissions will be emitted on a longer-term basis from stationary sources such as quarries, borrow pits and asphalt plants. These sites can however be selected and be placed in an area where it can cause the least impact on human and ecologic receptors. Construction Phase - During construction, air quality is likely to be degraded by a range of operational activities including:  Exhaust emissions from the operation of construction machinery and the combustion of fuel for furnaces and boilers;  Open burning of waste materials;  Dust generated from quarries, borrow pits, haul roads, unpaved roads, exposed soils and material stock-piles. The dust may settle on productive crops, and may cause some degree of respiratory stress for nearby residents. Dust is the major air quality problem from construction sites. Dust is a problem for a variety of reasons, as outlined below:  Inconvenience to local people. For example, people may have to re- wash laundry that has been put outdoors to dry, and wash windows, curtains and vehicles. Dust can contaminate meat hanging up in open-air butchers and other food that is exposed to it in homes, shops and open-air restaurants, giving food a gritty texture.  Health and safety problems. Dust may affect health by irritating eyes and worsening the health of people with asthma. Dust can reduce visibility for drivers on roads. It can also be blown for long distances by the wind.  Crop damage. Even low concentrations of dust can affect plant and fruit growth as far away as one kilometer from a construction site. Plant growth is particularly susceptible to dusts that are highly alkaline, for example limestone and cement dust. Dust deposited during light rainfall can cause the soil surface to form a crust increasing run-off. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 114 ROADS  Impact on ecology. Dust blowing onto watercourses may damage ecology by increasing sedimentation, reducing sunlight and suffocating fish. It may also affect plant growth and change the species of plants growing in an area. Dust may also damage trees and other vegetation planted as part of the construction contract.  Damage to plant and equipment. Within the construction site, dust can cause mechanical or electrical problems in sensitive equipment such as computers. It can also increase abrasion of moving parts in equipment and clogging of air filters. Operational Phase - The main source of air pollution during the operational phase will be vehicles moving on the highway. The main pollutants are:  Carbon monoxide (CO),  Nitrogen oxides (NOx),  Hydrocarbons (HC),  Sulphur dioxide (SO2),  Lead (Pb),  Carbon dioxide (CO2),  Ozone (O3),  Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH),  Particulate matter (PM) and  Trace metals. Some of these compounds can damage health and/or the environment. The concentration of pollutants generated by vehicles depends on factors such as the number, type and speed of vehicles. The effect of air pollution on local people depends on the distance between them and the road, wind direction, topography and other factors. The main direct effects are in the area closest to the road as the rapid dispersion and dilution of exhaust gases quickly reduces their concentrations to levels at which risks are minimal. Given the relatively low population levels within Project corridors, it is unlikely that increased traffic volumes will have significant impacts to residents health in terms of NOx, CO and VOC pollution. In addition, once completed, current high levels of Particulate Matter (PM) in areas where the road condition is poor will be substantially reduced. Improved vehicle performance on a new better road surface will also serve to alleviate potential air pollution levels to a modest degree. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 115 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS 5.5.3.2 Potential Climate Change Impacts Any increase in emissions from vehicles operating on the rehabilitated roads is unlikely to be a significant contributor to CO2 emissions in the region. For example, an average car travelling 40 kilometers may emit around five kilos of CO2. If we assume that 5,000 vehicles use each road per day (10,000 in total for the Project Corridor), then 50 tonnes of CO2 will be produced per day, or 18,250 tonnes per annum. A single transatlantic journey in a 747 emits approximately 500 tonnes of CO2. Accordingly, emissions from vehicle traffic within the Project corridor are the equivalent of 18 return flights across the Atlantic, or around 0.0004% of Azerbaijans total CO2 emissions in 20107. It is possible that climate change could however impact upon the Project Corridor, primarily via increased flood events. 5.5.3.3 Air Quality Mitigation Design and Pre-construction Phase - Locations for borrow pits, rock crushing facilities and asphalt plants shall require approval from the CSC, ARS PIU and MENR during the Pre-construction phase. Efforts should be made to ensure that these facilities are as near to the Project road as practical to avoid unnecessary journeys and potential dust issues from vehicle movements during construction works. In addition, no asphalt plant shall be located within 500 meters of any urban area, protected area or sensitive receptor. The locations of these facilities shall be indicated within the Contractors CEMP. Baseline air quality monitoring shall also be undertaken by the Contractor as described below under recommended monitoring. To adequately manage air quality impacts the Contractor shall be responsible for the preparation of an Air Quality Plan, submitted to the CSC as part of the CEMP. The plan will detail the action to be taken to minimize dust generation (e.g. spraying un-surfaced roads with water, covering stock-piles, etc) and will identify the type, age and standard of equipment to be used and will also provide details of the air quality monitoring program for baseline and routine monitoring. The Plan shall also include contingencies for the accidental release of toxic air pollutants. Construction Phase - The Contractor shall be responsible, through compliance with this EMP and his CEMP, for the following;  Exhaust emissions - No furnaces, boilers or other similar plant or equipment using any fuel that may produce air pollutants will be installed without prior written consent of the CSC. Construction equipment shall be maintained 7 http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.CO2E.KT/countries/AZ?display=graph EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 116 ROADS to a good standard and fitted with pollution control devices regularly monitored by the Contractor and CSC.  Open burning of waste materials - No burning of debris or other materials will occur on the Site without permission of the CSC.  Dust generated from haul roads, unpaved roads, material stock piles, etc - The Contractor shall ensure and that material stockpiles shall be located in sheltered areas and be covered with tarpaulins or other such suitable covering to prevent material becoming airborne. All trucks used for transporting materials to and from the site will be covered with canvas tarpaulins, or other acceptable type cover (which shall be properly secured) to prevent debris and/or materials from falling from or being blown off the vehicle(s). Hard surfaces will be required in construction areas with regular movements of vehicles. Effective use of water sprays will be implemented (e.g., all roads within the construction areas of the Site shall be sprayed at least twice each day during days of no rainfall, and more if necessary to control dust to the satisfaction of the CSC). In addition, any new borrow pits and asphalt mixing plant shall be the subject of separate environmental application under the responsibility of the Contractor (see Section 2 for legal requirements). The CSC shall ensure that no such facility becomes operational without the required permits. Finally, the Contractors are responsible for the preparation of a Health and Safety Plan. The Plan, required as part of the CEMP, shall include contingencies for the accidental release of toxic air pollutants. 5.5.4.4 Climate Change Mitigation It is recommended that during the design phase, the Designers consider the potential for current and future flood events within the Project area and establish an appropriate embankment height and drainage measures to account for potentially more regular and more intense flood events. 5.5.5 Hydrology 5.5.5.1 Potential Hydrological Impacts Design Phase Impacts - The following potential impacts to hydrological conditions exist:  Drainage & Flooding - Inadequate assessment of the hydrological conditions in the Project Area and poor design could result in the failure of some of the Project structures. This in turn would result in several impacts including cost to rebuild the structures, potential flooding of valuable agricultural lands and impacts to surface water quality. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 117 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS  Construction Camps – Improper siting and design of construction camps at both roads can have negative impacts to hydrology, both surface (wetlands) and groundwater, through improper disposal of liquid waste and spills of hazardous liquids.  Borrow Pits – No river bed borrow pits have been identified so far for use during construction. However, it is possible that the Contractor could use river bed materials from an alternative source not discussed within this report. Hydraulic impacts resulting from extraction of river bed materials may include: - Channel modifications such as widening or deepening the channel, creation of deep pools, loss of riffles, alteration of bedload, alteration of channel flow, and degraded aesthetics; - Upstream and downstream erosion, and related impacts to bridges and other infrastructure whose foundations may be undermined by the lowering of the riverbed. Construction Phase Impacts - The following potential impacts to hydrological conditions exist:  Kur River & Welands – Given that the Kur River flows within 50 meters of the Project roads in some sections and that numerous wetlands are located within 200 meters of the roads, it is possible that the river and the wetlands could be subject to contamination from dumped waste materials by the Contractor. Contamination for spills or leaks into channels that feed the Kur may also cause impacts to the river. Water will also be abstracted from the river for use during the construction phase, however given the high discharge of the river (average 443 m3/s) any potential abstraction is unlikely to have significant impacts to the flow of the River.  Construction Camps and Storage Areas – Impacts during the construction phase can result from the discharge of wastes to surface water from construction camps, the poor management of sanitary waste and accidental spills of hazardous liquids.  Drainage and Flooding - Road construction can increase the amount of impervious surface and design decisions in regard to increased runoff could adversely impact the area drainage. Inadequate culverts or other cross drainage structures could fail to allow floodwaters to equilibrate and pass freely and to avoid prolonging flood periods and by heightening the flood levels on the upstream side of the roads. 
 5.5.5.2 Hydrological Mitigation Potential adverse impacts in the Project Area will be avoided or otherwise mitigated by ensuring the Contractors comply with the following: Design Phase EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 118 ROADS  Drainage and Flooding - Consideration in the design phase will be given to the issue of drainage and culverts to ensure that drainage patterns are improved from the existing conditions and that increased run-off does not occur or result in flooding of areas previously undisturbed. During design, all drainage works are designed based on the historical flood data and flood forecasting. A design discharge of 50 years return period is considered for culverts, and 100 years of bridges. Embankments of the Project road will obstruct surface runoff and culverts are proposed for all small drains including agricultural drains. If, during the operational phase of the Project, the rehabilitated road does result in increased run-off and flooding, the ARS shall be responsible for rectifying this issue.  Construction Camps – no construction camp, permanent or temporary, shall be located within 500 meters of the Kur River, or any of the Wetlands identified in Tables 4-1 and 4-2 of this report. Pre-construction Phase  Construction Camps – The Contractor shall be responsible for the preparation of a Construction Camp Site Plan which will form part of the CEMP. The Plan shall indicate the system proposed and the locations of related facilities in the site, including latrines, holding areas, etc. The Contractor shall ensure the following conditions are met within the Plan: 1. Wastewater arising on the site shall be collected, removed from the site via a suitable and properly designed temporary drainage system and disposed of at a location and in a manner that will cause neither pollution nor nuisance. 2. There shall be no direct discharge of sanitary or wash water to surface water, including the Kur River or any of the Wetlands identified in Table 4-1 and 4-2 of this report. Disposal of materials such as, but not limited to, lubricating oil and onto the ground or water bodies shall be prohibited. 3. Liquid material storage containment areas shall not drain directly to surface water (including wetlands). 4. Lubricating and fuel oil spills shall be cleaned up immediately and spill clean-up shall be materials be maintained at the storage area. 5. Construction and work sites will be equipped with sanitary latrines that do not pollute surface waters. 6. Discharge of sediment-laden construction water directly into surface watercourses or wetlands will be forbidden. Sediment laden construction water will be discharged into settling lagoons or tanks prior to final discharge. 7. Spill clean up equipment will be maintained on site. The following conditions to avoid adverse impacts due to improper fuel and chemical storage: - Fueling operations shall occur only within containment areas. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 119 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS - All fuel and chemical storage (if any) shall be sited on an impervious base within a bund and secured by fencing. The storage area shall be located away from any watercourse or wetlands. The base and bund walls shall be impermeable and of sufficient capacity to contain 110 percent of the volume of tanks. - Filling and refueling shall be strictly controlled and subject to formal procedures and will take place within areas surrounded by bunds to contain spills / leaks of potentially contaminating liquids. - All valves and trigger guns shall be resistant to unauthorized interference and vandalism and be turned off and securely locked when not in use. - The contents of any tank or drum shall be clearly marked. Measures shall be taken to ensure that no contaminated discharges enter any drain or watercourses. - Disposal of lubricating oil and other potentially hazardous liquids onto the ground or water bodies will be prohibited. - Should any accidental spills occur immediate clean up will be undertaken and all cleanup materials stored in a secure area for disposal. Disposal of such was shall be undertaken by a waste management company contracted by the Contractor. The waste management company must have the required licences to transport and dispose of hazardous waste before any such waste is removed from the site. The Contractor will keep copies of the companies licenses and provide waste transfer manifests at his camp site for routine inspection by the CSC. Site plans shall be devised to ensure that, insofar as possible, all temporary construction facilities are located at least 100 meters away from the Kur River or any other water course, stream, canal or wetland listed in Tables 4-1 & 4-2. If determined warranted by the CSC, the Contractor shall provide a wash pit or a wheel washing and/or vehicle cleaning facility at the exits from the sites (see Appendix E for proposed designs). If so requested, the Contractor shall ensure that all vehicle are properly cleaned (bodies and tires are free of sand and mud) prior to leaving the site areas. The Contractor shall provide necessary cleaning facilities on site and ensure that no water or debris from such cleaning operations is deposited off-site. Construction Phase  Construction Camps and Storage Areas – The CSC shall undertake regular monitoring of the construction camps on both roads and the storage areas to ensure compliance with the CEMP and the Construction Camp Site Plan. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 120 ROADS  Kur River - There is no river crossing on either the R45 or R46, however existing channels are playing the role of water migration ways for fish and other aquatic species. It is also important to take into account that all channels within project area are directly connected to the main water course in the country – Kur River and any contamination of water in the small channel will lead to pollution of water inside the river. Thus it is important that both the Contractor and CSC shall keep attention on stockpiles allocation in the distance at least 100 m away from any water course, including the wetlands identified in Tables 4-1 & 4-2. It is also important to keep storage of hazardous substances the same distance from any water body to avoid water contamination in case of the spillage.  Water supply – There shall be no extraction of water by the Contractor from any of the Wetlands identified in Tables 4-1 and 4-2.  Drainage and Flooding - During the construction phase the Contractors for all roads are required to construct, maintain, remove and reinstate as necessary temporary drainage works and take all other precautions necessary for the avoidance of damage by flooding and silt washed down from the Works. The Contractors shall arrange with the village representatives those works which might interfere with the flow of irrigation waters to be carried out at such times as will cause the least disturbance to irrigation operations. Should any operation being performed by the Contractor interrupt existing irrigation facilities, the Contractors shall restore the irrigation appurtenances to their original working conditions within 24 hours of being notified of the interruption. 5.5.6 Natural Hazards Apart from the issue of potential flood events, discussed above under Climate Change, no other impacts to the Project are anticipated as a result of natural hazard events. 5.6 IMPACTS TO BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES 5.6.1 Flora 5.6.1.1 Potential Impacts to Flora Design Phase - The area of the road corridor is characterized by semi-desert climate with absence of natural arboreal vegetation and some tamarisk bushes occurring. Existing semi-desert vegetation is under high overgrazing pressure and most of the surrounding open lands are used as pastures. Impact to such vegetation will be temporary as the project will not involve permanent use of new lands. However a number of trees exist along the existing road corridor. Most of the trees are planted as two-three lines along the roadsides within numerous villages. These human protection tree-belts have been created to mitigate EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 121 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS impact of noise, dust and exhaust to the residential areas. There are few young planted trees but most of the trees are 10-20 years old. Fortunately most of plantation are taking place at one road side only and asymmetrical widening can reduce the amount of trees needed to be cut. 5.6.1.2 Flora Mitigation Measures Design and Pre-construction Phase - The exact calculation of trees subjected to cutting or re-planting can only be completed during the design phase. Based on preliminary investigations (without a detailed design) the list of potentially affected trees can be observed below in Table 5-2. As the trees planted along both R45 and R46 roads are not included in the State Forest Fund, the calculation of the trees that are going to be cut down and those trees that are going to be re-planted shall be conducted by both representatives of the ARS PIU (or CSC / Contractor) and local Department No 3 of Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources (MENR). The results of the field observation are then presented to the State Expertise Department of the MENR for further financial calculation. The MENR shall then present the conditions of financial compensation to the ARS to be completed before or within the project implementation period. Compensation is calculated subject to type of tree and thickness of the trunk. Every single cut tree shall be compensated with 3-5 (depend from type and age of cut tree) new planted trees with estimated age of 3-5 years (depend from the tree species and climate type). The tree cutting process is conducted by the Contractor with participation of local Department No 3 of MENR – the Contractor will be obligated to inform local department three (3) days before cut process. Each cutting action shall be acted and signed by all three sides: Contractor, CSC and MENR. All cut trees are transferred to the possession of MENR. Young trees of small size (up to 3-5 m height) can be easily replanted. Those trees are not need in compensation but only in reimbursement for re- plantation works. All works connected with re-plantation can be conducted only by local Landscape Gardening Department or State Forest Fund. Table 5-2: List of potentially affected trees for R45 and R46 Distance Estimated Estimated Tree Type Road Side from the Number Chainage Centerline of Trees R45 1+700 Willow LHS 6 2 EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 122 ROADS Distance Estimated Estimated Tree Type Road Side from the Number Chainage Centerline of Trees Willow RHS 6-8 6 Poplar LHS 8 10 26+200 Willow RHS 8-10 15 Willow, Poplar LHS 8-10 12 31+700 Willow RHS 8 6 Poplar, Willow LHS 8 25 36+400 Poplar, Willow RHS 10 15 R46 Willows (just planted, 6+100 1-2 m height, possible RHS 6 50 for replanting) 9+900 Poplar RHS 6 28 Willow LHS 6 20 11+800 Willow RHS 7 14 Willow RHS 7 2 13+100 Willow LHS 6 3 Willow RHS 7 7 16+500 Willow LHS 8 20 Willow RHS 7-8 27 16+700 Willow LHS 6 30 Willow RHS 7 6 17+800 Willow LHS 6 6 Willow RHS 7 17 19+500 Poplar LHS 6 4 Willow RHS 6 2 23+900 Willow LHS 6 3 27+700 Willow LHS 6 1 EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 123 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS The Contractor shall be responsible for ensuring the trees are maintained for a period of at least six months. 5.6.2 Fauna 5.6.2.1 Potential Impacts to Fauna Impacts to fauna are expected to be minimal as rehabilitation of the existing roads are do not require new land, alignment, etc. It is also important to note that both R45 and R46 are passing via quite populated areas with high anthropogenic pressure and that the level of biodiversity here is not very high. Most of species are quite common and widely distributed. Impacts that may occur to fauna include the following:  Birds and Birds of Prey - Different species of passerine birds and birds of prey can be directly affected in case of start of tree cutting process within breeding season. However, there are no endangered species breeding along the Project corridor and thus it is not necessary to conduct additional research for every tree cutting.  Siting of Construction Facilities - Establishment of service objects (camps, plants, workshops, warehouses etc.) is another serious impact to fauna resulting in temporary loss of habitat, potential pollution with domestic and industrial waste products, long-term disturbance, etc.  Animal Husbandry - Animal husbandry is traditionally developed in the Project area. Most of residents of Project villages are owners of different livestock (mainly sheep, cows and buffalos). Additionally some separate farms can be observed along the project roads (especially at R45). The population of domestic animals increases sharply in winter time with sheep moved here from high mountain summer pastures. Most of farmers own lands located by both sides of the project road and require regular movement of their sheep's flocks from one side of the road to another for night shelter and drinking. Increased traffic volume and speed can create dangerous situations for both livestock and drivers.  Protected Species - There are some locally and internationally protected species occurring within Project Roads corridor and on surrounded areas. The impact of the present project is not expected to be high and can be mitigated by the number of measures described below in the Table 5-3. 5.6.2.2 Fauna Mitigation Measures In general designing of sufficient number of box and pipe culverts (for both existing water streams and the drainage box and pipe culverts (dry during non-rainy period) can help to avoid general impact of the road to most of wildlife species. This is quite important as with road rehabilitation the volume EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 124 ROADS and speed of the traffic will raise and thus it will lead to increasing the number of accident with animals especially during night time. It is also important to provide speed limitation signs both during construction and operational phases to mitigate this impact. Birds - to avoid direct damage to the nests and mortality of birds it is important to restrict tree cutting process within breeding their period (May to July). Siting of Construction Facilities - The mitigation of impacts includes: location of the structures shall be at least 500 m away from such sensitive habitat as Kur River bank and the wetlands listed in Tables 4-1 and 4-2; demolishing of existing structures (houses, barns and any other) shall be avoided as they can be the shelters and breeding habitat for many species of animals and birds. Animal Husbandry - There are two options to mitigate impacts to animal husbandry, the best way is to design sufficient number of livestock underpasses along the both roads in vicinity of residential areas and farms or to provide speed limitation measures (traffic regulation signs, speed humps etc.) within residential sections. Table 5-3. Construction impact and mitigation measures for endangered species. Protec- Species tion Potential impact Mitigation measures Status European IUCN This species as other non- Prior to construction of Pond Turtle protected Caspian Turtle box and pipe culverts at (Emys sharing the same habitat existing water streams, orbicularisb) of different channels next measures shall be crossed by the Project undertaken: section of road. Both species can be stream intended for directly impacted during construction shall be culverts construction works blocked; water pumped or indirectly in case of and all turtles collected water stream blockage and set out to the or/and extinction. neighbor water stream; long term channels blockage shall be avoided. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 125 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Greek Tortoise AzRDB This is one of most Provision of proper (Testudo & IUCN distributed terrestrial number of dry small graecac) species within the project underpasses and area. The tortoise can be installation of speed directly affected by loss of limitation system will help foraging lands or vehicle to avoid the impact of accident during crossing habitat fragmentation. the roads. Indirect impact Proper service objects is including the soil management (as compaction and described above) will pollution. aloud to avoid habitat loss. Proper management of harmful substances and waste will minimize the risk of soil and water pollution. Banning on hunting or/and trapping of animals by workers shall be established and controlled. All tortoises noted within working sites shall be collected and let out to suitable habitat. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 126 ROADS Dalmatian AzRDB These species do not have Any hunting or/and Pelicans & IUCN resident habitat within trapping of birds by (Pelecanus project corridor, however workers shall be strictly crispusc); they are quite regular prohibited. White Pelican visitors of Kur River bed Any discharge of waste (P. within migration and water to the river shall be onocrotalusa); wintering seasons. Any avoided. White Headed impact to the river can Duck (Oxyura lead to direct and indirect Location of any service leucocephalab (downstream habitats) objects including camps, ) and many affect of these species. plans, workshop, other warehouse, waste storage protected sites shall be at least 500 m species of away from the Kur River. ducks Location of stockpiles of embankment materials, sand, gravel and other inert materials shall be located in at least 100 m away from the river and rather RHS from both R45 and R46 to keep the roads as prevention barrier for hazardous spills. Equipment washing in the river bed as well as on the river banks shall be strictly prohibited and controlled. Western IUCN This small bat is use to has Demolishing works of any Barbastelle daily shelters within usable constructions such as (Barbastella and especially desolated houses, shed, barns etc. barbastellab) constructions. The garrets shall be avoided or and small cracks in the preliminary observation by walls etc. can be used by environmental specialist these small mammals. shall be undertaken. Demolishing works can In case the shelters of this lead to these animals bat will be found, the mortality. Another Contractor and the CSC problem is that most of shall keep the control that local people are workers will not damage frightened by all bat the shelter and kill the species accounting them animals. It is also important as forces of evil and killing that Contractor will them. provide environmental EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 127 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS training to inform all personnel about importance of this species. Marbled AzRDB This small predator is quite Use of herbicides, Polecat rare here but project pesticides and other such surrounding territory is one type of chemicals to (Vormela of its last habitats within reduce volume of grass peregusnaa) the country. There is no and number of rodents date that this animal is within camps, plants and using somehow project any other service objects roads or even crossing it. shall be prohibited. However it can be Banning on hunting affected in result of site or/and trapping of clearance for service and animals by workers shall access roads providing as be established and well as within service controlled. objects construction. African Wildcat AzRDB This is extremely rare wild Provision of proper cat that still may occur at number of dry small (Felis libycaa) the area. Mostly this underpasses and animals use to have installation of speed shelters within dense limitation system will help tamarisk shrubs along the to avoid the impact of river and can regularly habitat fragmentation. cross the road following to Banning on hunting their foraging habitats. This or/and trapping of species can be affected animals by workers shall in result of site clearance be established and for service and access controlled. roads providing as well as within service objects construction. The risk of impact by increased traffic is also exist during further road exploitation. Manduca AzRDB Both insect species Use of herbicides, atroposa, conduct nocturnal life. pesticides and other such Hawkmoth habitat is type of chemicals to Megalocephal mainly connected to reduce volume of grass us euphraticusa arboreal plants and this and number of insects species prefer the fruit within camps, plants and gardens. Beetle is any other service objects EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 128 ROADS occurring on open salty shall be prohibited. lands. These species can Proper management of be affected by the harmful substances and project activity in case of waste will minimize the risk tree cutting and soil of soil pollution. disturbance. Minimization of impact to arboreal vegetation will help to protect foraging habitat for these species. Banning on collection or/and killing of these insects by workers shall be established and controlled. In addition to the above mitigation measures, it is noted that animal husbandry is the main agricultural activity at the area, and as such one livestock underpass shall be constructed within 500 m distance (before or after) of each village. The exact locations of the animal underpasses will be determined by the Design Consultant. 5.6.3 Protected Areas There are no Protected Areas within the vicinity of the Project corridor that are anticipated to be impacted by Project works. To ensure that no local roads are selected that pass through or adjacent to any protected areas, the ARS and the Designers shall complete the attached Local Roads Environmental Screening Protocol (see Table 6-7). 5.6.4 Borrow Pits 5.6.4.1 Potential Borrow Pit Impacts There are two potential borrow areas that have been identified for extraction of embankment materials – Kalmas and Babazanan hills. The flora and fauna of both areas are not particularly high as both sites had been recently used for material extraction by previous contractors. However location of Babazanan borrow area in direct adjacent to Shirvan National Park and regular visits to this site by Persians Gazelles makes this site too sensitive for future exploitation and extraction materials from this site should be avoided. 5.6.4.2 Borrow Pit Mitigation Measures Exploitation of Kalmas borrow area is preferred, but the potential impact to flora and fauna should be taken into account and relevant mitigation measures shall be applied as follows: EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 129 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS  Borrow Pit Plan – The Contractor shall prepare a Borrow Pit Action Plan (BAP) that should be submitted to the CSC prior to the start of construction. The plan will identify the locations of all proposed borrow pits taking into account the recommendations of this report. The locations of the borrow pits shall be approved by both the CSC and the MENR. The plan shall ensure that: - Pit restoration will follow the completion of works in full compliance all applicable standards and specifications. - Arrangements for opening and using material borrow pits will contain enforceable provisions. - The excavation and restoration of the borrow areas and their surroundings, in an environmentally sound manner to the satisfaction of the CSC will be required before final acceptance and payment under the terms of contracts. - Additional borrow pits will not be opened without the restoration of those areas no longer in use.  Loss of top soil - Before the materials extraction the layer of top soil (about 20 cm) shall be removed to the side of excavation area and kept until the area exploitation will be finalized. Top soil stockpiles shall be located at least 50 meters distance from any watercourses to avoid water siltation and obstruction. The height of stockpiles shall not exceed three meters to avoid wind erosion and dust emissions.  Loss of vegetation - The original vegetation of the area is very poor. There is no wood or shrub growing on the hills; grasses can be observed during short spring or autumn period of vegetation and scattered patches of wormwood and saltwort are only plants can be wound during whole year around. During site exploitation this vegetation will be removed during site clearance stage however in case of proper storage of top soil and further site reinstatement vegetation can naturally recover with the seeds conserved in the top soil.  Soil compaction and disturbance to local flora and fauna species at access roads - The Contractor shall take responsibility to provide an access road to the borrow site and all drivers shall be instructed to use only this officially designated road. This will help to avoid additional soil compaction and disturbance to the local fauna species.  Direct damage to flora and fauna species - Prior to material extraction activity environmental training shall be provided to the Contractors workers, drivers and equipment operators. Plants collection, hunting or/and trapping of animals by workers shall be strictly prohibited.  Reinstatement - Full site reinstatement shall be undertaken by the Contractor to avoid landscape damage and habitat loss. Rehabilitation measures shall include: removing of all types of equipment from the site; EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 130 ROADS removing of all types of waste or/and polluted soil and materials if any exist; slops grade reduction with use of unsuitable stockpiles and uncrushed rocks and; slope stabilization measure such as re-covering with top soil, and further seeding, grassing and planting of appropriate bushes or/and trees if reasonable.  Due to the sensitivity of the borrow pit locations, the Borrow haul routes should follow established transport corridors/rights-of-way, to the extent that is practicable. 5.7 IMPACTS TO SOCIO-ECONOMIC RESOURCES 5.7.1 Infrastructure 5.7.1.1 Potential Impacts to Infrastructure Drainage Infrastructure - construction activities will include the demolition or rehabilitation of existing drainage structures and construction of new drainage structures along the alignment. Design errors could lead to portions of the drainage network operating below the required standard and lead to erosion of embankments, road washout, flooding, inadequate flow of water to and from agricultural land and dangerous driving conditions. Roads - During the construction phase, it may be inevitable that disruption of existing traffic and local accessibility are impaired which may cause problems with the local community. Within the Project Corridor the operations of a number of retail shops, mechanic shops and some restaurants, etc., may also be affected during construction in terms of access. Utilities - Medium and low voltage power lines and gas pipes are located within the Project corridor. It is possible that transmission lines and gas pipes close road maybe impacted during construction. Irrigation – Several irrigation channels cross the Project corridor. Project works will require temporary diversions of these channels. Table 5-4 indicates the locations of the identified irrigation channels. Table 5-4: Irrigation Channels # Location (km) # Location R45 R46 1 6.8 1 3.0 2 25.3 2 6.6 3 30.4 3 8.1 4 31.7 4 9.3 EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 131 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS 5 32.7 5 17.0 6 33.6 6 29.6 5.7.1.2 Infrastructure Mitigation Drainage - As mentioned above under the Item relating to Hydrology (Section 5.4.5) detailed designs will ensure that all drainage structures are sized and located correctly. During the construction phase the CSC will ensure that the Contractor follows the design documents with respect to the required infrastructure facilities. Roads - To mitigate the potential impacts the Contractor should:  Submit a Traffic Management Plan to local traffic authorities prior to mobilization and include the plan as part of his CEMP;  Provide information to the public about the scope and schedule of construction activities and expected disruptions and access restrictions;  Allow for adequate traffic flow around construction areas;  Provide adequate signalization, appropriate lighting, well-designed traffic safety signs, barriers and flag persons for traffic control; and  Provide temporary access where accessibilty is temporarily restricted due to civil works. Should the Contractor use any areas for borrow materials, any access roads should be maintained during the construction phase and rehabilitated at the end of construction by the contractor himself to the satisfaction of the local authorities and in compliance with the contract. Compliance shall be monitored by the CSC. Utilities - During construction all power lines and gas pipes in the Project Corridor shall be kept operational, this will include temporary transmission lines while existing poles and lines are moved. Irrigation – Item 5.4.5.2 outlines the process for temporary disruptions to irrigation systems. A Grievance Mechanism has also been prepared (Appendix C) in case of any disputes between farmers, landowners and the Contractor regarding this, and other matters. In addition, regular community meetings (monthly in for each Contract) will be scheduled by the Contractor to ensure that regular information exchange is made between both parties during the construction period. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 132 ROADS 5.7.2 Land Use 5.7.2.1 Potential Impacts to Land Use Design Phase - As the Project roads involve reconstruction and rehabilitation of an established road corridor, the Project impact on the land acquisition is reduced to a minimum. However, to ensure land acquisition issues are addressed appropriately a Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) is currently being prepared by an International Consultant as part of the Projects feasibility study. During the design stage the social specialist of the Consultant will verify current scope of impact to the social environment and in case of any impact to the private property a Land Acquisition Resettlement Plan (LARP) will be prepared as per requirements of the WB Operation Procedures and National Legislation of Azerbaijan. Construction Phase - Potential impacts to land uses outside of the RoW during the construction stage are limited to the creation of Construction Camps and other ancillary facilities such as borrow pits. Construction workers camps constitute a temporary land use change and raise issues related to activities such as poor sanitation arrangement and improper methods used for disposal of solid wastes and effluent; and transmission of communicable diseases to the local people by the construction workers due to inappropriate health monitoring facilities. Issues relating to borrow pits are discussed under the heading of Borrow Pits above. 5.7.2.2 Infrastructure Mitigation Measures Design Phase - Before the commencement of the construction works at any part of the Project, The Employer (ARS) must prepare the LARP if required, obtain the approval of the World Bank and then implement the plan and acquire the land. The LARP will be processed by the Employer and World Bank during the bidding period, and it does not require any action of the Contractor. It will be approved and implemented before the Commencement Date. Construction Phase – The Contractor will be required to coordinate all construction camp activities with neighboring land uses. Contracts for the Project activities will also require construction operators to maintain and cleanup campsites and respect the rights of local landowners. If located outside the ROW, written agreements with local landowners for temporary use of the property will be required and sites must be restored to a level acceptable to the owner within a predetermined time period. 5.7.3 Waste Management 5.7.3.1 Potential Impacts from Waste Construction Phase - Road construction will inevitably generate solid and liquid waste products including: EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 133 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS  Inert waste – for example, uncontaminated roads and soil, concrete, masonry and bricks, wood and plastics;  Hazardous waste – acids and alkaline solutions, waste oils and oily sludges, batteries, asbestos, and bitumen. In addition, uncontrolled discharges of sewage and ‘grey water’ (e.g. from washrooms and canteens) from construction sites and worker’s camps may also cause odours and pollute local water resources. As well as being a cause of complaints by the local population, this may lead to contravention of local regulations and fines being imposed on the Contractor. 5.7.3.1 Waste Mitigation Where possible, surplus materials will be reused or recycled. 
 Oils, fuels and chemicals (including bitumen, bridge deck waterproofing agents and concrete) are substances which are hazardous to human health. They need to be stored properly in correctly labeled containers. Bitumen, oil and fuel should be stored in tanks with lined bunds to contain spillage. Proper storage and handling of hazardous materials reduces wastage and reduces the risk of spillage which could cause temporary or long-term contamination of the underlying soil and possibly to pollution of groundwater and/or watercourses; some (e.g. concrete) may have serious impacts on freshwater fauna. As well as being a cause of complaints by the local population, this may lead to contravention of local regulations and fines being imposed on the Contractor. Proper storage and management reduces the risk of vandalism and theft. Disposal of waste materials shall be undertaken by a waste management company contracted by the Contractor. The waste management company must have the required licenses to transport and dispose of both inert and hazardous waste before any such waste is removed from the site. The Contractor will keep copies of the waste management company’s licenses and provide waste transfer manifests at his camp site for routine inspection by the CSC. In the absence of functioning sewerage and sewage treatment facilities in most of Azerbaijan, it is recommended that the Contractor is required to provide his own on-site wastewater treatment facilities. For sites servicing a small number of employees (less than 150), septic tanks may be used. For larger sites, liquid wastes should as a minimum receive primary treatment in anaerobic tank or pond preceded by a bar screen to remove large solid objects (e.g. sticks, rags). Primary treatment (also referred to as clarification, sedimentation or settling) is the process where wastewater is allowed to settle for a period (around 2 hours) in a settling tank. This leads to separation of a liquid effluent which includes oils and grease and a liquid-solid sludge. Primary treatment leads to reduction in suspended solids, biological oxygen demand and removal of floating material (e.g. faeces). There will be no EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 134 ROADS direct discharge of untreated sanitary or oily wastewater to surface water bodies. To ensure all of the above conditions are met, the Contractor for both roads shall be responsible for the preparation of a Waste Management and Recycling Plan. The Plan shall include items relating to the safe handling and management of:  Domestic waste  Food waste  Inert garbage  Recycled Waste  Plastic  Metals  Wood  Construction Waste  Hazardous Waste  Liquid Waste The Plan will also include provisions to manage all excess spoil material. The Plan should indicate where the spoil will occur and methods and locations for disposal. The Plan shall be approved by the CSC, and ARS as part of the CEMP approval process. Oversight of the implementation of the Plan is the responsibility of the CSC as outlined in the EMP. 5.7.4 Population 5.7.4.1 Potential Impacts to Populations In as much as the project is rehabilitation of the existing roads only, it does not have the social, economic and community life concerns that are associated with new road construction, this road improvement project is generally aimed at bringing benefits to surrounding communities through lower transport costs and better access to market places, jobs, and services such as health and education. Road construction and rehabilitation projects can lead to changes in the community or social environment around the road, influencing various aspects of lifestyles, travel patterns, social and economic activities. 5.7.4.2 Mitigation Measures Road construction works will have short-term negative impacts to the population of the road corridors, such as air quality and noise impacts and potential social impacts resulting from imported labour. However, in general the impacts to population and communities will be overwhelmingly beneficial from all project activities. Imported labour can however, also lead to a spread of sexually transmitted disease which is discussed below under Item 5.6.6. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 135 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS 5.7.5 Socio-Economic Conditions 5.7.5.1 Potential Socio-economic Impacts The Project is expected to have significant beneficial impacts to the economy of the Project area. The key benefits include:  Improved access to markets – The road will improve access to markets for farmers along the entire Project Road alignment;  Reduction in travel times – Journey times from Salyan to Shirvan and between villages along the road will reduce;  Reduction of maintenance costs – maintenance of vehicles due to poor road condition drives up the costs of agricultural products;  Increased Reconstruction effort in remote areas - improved access to these areas may also allow a more intense level of reconstruction effort in the remote areas including facilities such as schools and clinics.  Improved access to health and education facilities – Improved road conditions will most likely result in increased traffic on the roads including mini-bus and taxi services, this will enable people to access health care and educational facilities more easily; and  Creation of Jobs - The community along the alignment of sub-project will have opportunities for temporary employment during construction. Albeit, this opportunity is temporary in nature, this will be beneficial. 5.7.5.2 Socio-economic Mitigation All impacts identified are beneficial. However, whenever possible, the Contractor shall employ local labor to benefit local communities and to promote the overall acceptance of the project. As part of the maintenance of the road the ARS should also look into the possibility of employing the local people for the maintenance of roadside drains upon completion of rehabilitation works. 5.7.6 Health and Safety 5.7.6.1 Potential Health and Safety Impacts Potential impacts due to the proposed construction can be identified as follows:  Easier access to health care facilities. Positive health impacts may result due to quicker response time in emergency situations and improved access to health care facilities for those living in remote areas;  Air quality. The amount of particulate matter, or dust, generated by vehicle movement may increase slightly during construction works (mitigation for this issue is provided under Item 5.4.4 – Air Quality), but will decrease the operational phase of the Project. This will have positive EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 136 ROADS impacts to the health of the population living and working adjacent to the road.  Contamination of local water supplies during construction. Potential impacts to local water supplies include the possibility of temporary labor camps and the water supply and wastewater disposal associated with them during the construction period.  Noise levels with health consequences. Potential noise issues are discussed in Item 5.6.10 – Noise below;  Public Safety. Construction activities may result in an increase in the total number of road traffic accidents between vehicles, pedestrians and vehicles and livestock and vehicles;  Worker Safety. Accidents are common during a project of this size and scale. Accidents can occur if workers are not adequately trained or qualified for the job or if they have incorrect safety equipment and clothing; and  Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Road provision and increasing human movement have emerged as key factors influencing the HIV epidemic in many regions of the world. Of particular concern is the movement of the HIV virus from urban areas of higher infection concentration to rural communities. In addition, the acceleration of social and economic change in rural areas associated with a rise in itinerant construction workers, the demand for commercial sex and the creation of transport hubs that sustain this trade are further areas of concern. 5.7.6.2 Health and Safety Mitigation Measures Public Safety – To ensure public safety the Designers shall include safety barriers and marking of hazardous areas in accordance with Safety Regulations for Construction, Rehabilitation and Maintenance, 1978. In addition, it shall be the responsibility of the Contractor to provide safe access through the construction site to people whose residences/shelters and routes are temporarily severed by road construction. Worker Health and Safety – A Health and Safety Plan shall be prepared by the Contractor to manage worker safety. The Plan shall include the following items:  Safety Training Program. A Safety Training Program is required and shall consist of: - Initial Safety Induction Course. All workmen shall be required to attend a safety induction course within their first week on Site. - Periodic Safety Training Courses. Period safety course shall be conducted not less than once every six months. All Subcontractor employees will be required to participate in relevant training courses appropriate to the nature, scale and duration of the subcontract works. Training courses for all workmen on the Site and at all levels of supervision and management. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 137 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS  Safety Meetings. Regular safety meetings will be conducted on a monthly basis and shall require attendance by the safety representatives of Subcontractors unless otherwise agreed by the CSC. The CSC will be notified of all safety meetings in advance. The CSC may attend in person or by representative at his discretion. The minutes of all safety meetings will be taken and sent to the CSC within seven (7) days of the meeting.  Safety Inspections. The Contractor shall regularly inspect, test and maintain all safety equipment, scaffolds, guardrails, working platforms, hoists, ladders and other means of access, lifting, lighting, signing and guarding equipment. Lights and signs shall be kept clear of obstructions and legible to read. Equipment, which is damaged, dirty, incorrectly positioned or not in working order, shall be repaired or replaced immediately.  Safety Equipment and Clothing. Safety equipment and protective clothing are required to be available on the Site at all material times and measures for the effective enforcement of proper utilization and necessary replacement of such equipment and clothing, and all construction plant and equipment used on or around the Site shall be fitted with appropriate safety devices. These shall include but not be limited to: - Effective safety catches for crane hooks and other lifting devices, and - Functioning automatic warning devices and, where applicable, an up-to-date test certificate, for cranes and hoists. In addition, all Project sub-contractors will be supplied with copies of the CEMP. Provisions will be incorporated into all sub-contracts to ensure the compliance with the CEMP at all tiers of the sub-contracting. All subcontractors will be required to appoint a safety representative who shall be available on the Site throughout the operational period of the respective sub-contract unless the CSCs approval to the contrary is given in writing. In the event of the CSCs approval being given, the CSC, without prejudice to their other duties and responsibilities, shall ensure, as far as is practically possible, that employees of subcontractors of all tiers are conversant with appropriate parts of the CEMP. To implement the above items the Contractor should designate a qualified environmental, health and safety personnel who will anticipate and address hygienic issues in coordination with the MOH’s Regional Disinfection Centre and the local health and safety officer. Sexually Transmitted Diseases – It shall be a requirement of the Contract that the Contractor subcontracts with an Approved Service Provider to provide an HIV Awareness Program to the Contractor’s Personnel and the Local Community as soon as practicable after the Contractor’s Personnel arrive at the Site but in any case within two weeks after the Contractor’s Personnel EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 138 ROADS arrive at Site and to repeat the HIV Awareness Program at intervals not exceeding four months. 5.7.7 Educational facilities Impacts to educational facilities relate predominantly to noise and health and safety issues. Both of these topics are discussed under separate sections (5.6.6 – Health and Safety and 5.6.9 – Noise). 5.7.8 Cultural Heritage 5.7.8.1 Potential Impacts to Cultural Heritage No sites of cultural importance have been identified during the study. However, given Azerbaijan’s rich cultural heritage it is possible that chance finds could occur. 5.7.8.2 Cultural Heritage Mitigation To mitigate impacts to cultural resources in the event of a chance find the following procedures shall apply, as required by the Ministry of Culture: Items 13 and 14 of the “Law on the Protection of Historical and Cultural Monuments of Azerbaijan Republic� state that “if a monument is found during any construction or other works, the works should be immediately stopped and relevant authorities (Ministry of Culture) and Azerbaijan Science Academy taking into consideration expert evaluation. If construction or other works are conducted in the area of historical or archeological importance, this area is initially examined by experts and initial inspection of monuments is provided. Relevant authorities (Ministry of Culture) provide participation of their representative or expert in the construction site. 5.7.9 Noise 5.7.9.1 Potential Noise Impacts Construction Phase - Noise during the construction phase will mostly come from the operation of construction equipment. Typical noise signatures of the different equipment for different construction activities are enumerated below. Table 5-5: Construction Noise Examples Site Clearing Excavation and Earth Structure Construction Moving Equipment Noise Level Equipment Noise Level Equipment Noise Level Bulldozer 80 Bulldozer 80 Pneumatic 81-98 drill Front end 72-80 Backhoe 72-93 Crane 75-77 EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 139 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS loader Dump 83-94 Dump 83-94 Welding 71-82 Truck Truck Machine Grading and Jack 80-93 Concrete 74-88 compacting Hammer Mixer Grader 80-93 Landscaping and Clean Concrete 81-84 Up Pump Roller 73-75 Bulldozer 80 Concrete 76 Vibrator Paving Excavator 72 Air 74-87 Compressor Paver 86-88 Truck 83-94 Bulldozer 80 Truck 83-94 Paver 86-88 Cement 83-94 Tamper 74-77 and Dump trucks The noise levels are dependent on the model and the maintenance status of the equipment. Construction noise can be a nuisance to residents living along the road. Noise attenuation based on the doubling distance rule shows that residents living next to the road will occasionally be exposed to high noise levels if no mitigation measures are implemented. Operation – During the operational phase of the Project noise levels from vehicle movements are likely to increase above the current levels as traffic volumes increase. No noise modeling was specified in the Terms of Reference for this EIA study and no traffic surveys have been completed to date. Accordingly making any judgment on the potential noise impacts during the operational phase of the Project is a subjective exercise. Looking at previous EIAs, such as those completed for the World Bank M6 Rehabilitation Project (a similar specification to this Project), it is noted that no noise barriers are recommended for that project. Noise barriers have been recommended for portions of the M3 and M4 roads which are both four lane motorways with different design standards connecting major urban hubs. The areas where noise barriers have been recommended for these motorways are those where the motorway passes through urban areas. For this Project the design speeds of 50 kilometers per hour are the standard for urban areas and 100 kilometers per hour for flat undulated terrain. If we consider the following: 1. A figure of 5,000 vehicles using the project roads per day (this figure is considered high when compared to the predicted M3 traffic of around 11,000 vehicles per day on a four lane motorway in 2020). 2. A mix of light and HGV vehicles travelling 50 kilometers per hour through urban areas. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 140 ROADS 3. An embankment height of two meters 4. A distance of 20 meters to the receptor from the road centerline. Using basic noise calculators we get an approximate daytime dB(A) of 64 and a nighttime figure of 58. Both these figures exceed the Azerbaijan noise standard of 60 and 45 dB(A) for residential areas. However, as stated above, these are very basic calculations without any clear indication of potential traffic volumes. For example, if traffic volumes halved, the daytime figure falls below 60 dB(A). Accordingly it is not considered prudent at this stage of the Project to recommend noise barriers for any other noise reduction methods without undertaking noise modeling with traffic forecasts. 5.7.9.2 Noise Mitigation Design Phase – The Design Consultant shall prepare traffic counts during this phase of the Project. He shall then undertake noise modeling based on detailed designs (which clearly show the distance and height of urban dwellings from the road side) and the results of the traffic counts, and other environmental information, such as climate and wind directions. The objectives of the noise modeling are to assess which areas of the Project Corridor will be subjected to noise levels elevated above Azerbaijani noise standards during the operational phase of the Project (based on projections in 5 and ten years time). Based on the results of the noise modeling exercise the Design Consultant shall prepare designs for noise barriers where noise levels are anticipated to be exceeded within the Project Corridor. The design specifications shall be included in the Bill of Quantities supplied to potential Contractors during the construction contract bidding stage of the Project. The noise barrier design requirements and locations shall also be included in the Contractors contract. Construction - the Contractor shall be responsible for ensuring the use of:  Source Controls, i.e., requirements that all exhaust systems will be maintained in good working order; properly designed engine enclosures and intake silencers will be employed; and regular equipment maintenance will be undertaken;  Site Controls, i.e., requirements that stationary equipment will be placed as far from sensitive land uses as practical; selected to minimize objectionable noise impacts; and provided with shielding mechanisms where possible;  Work near Sensitive Receptors shall be limited to short term activities. No asphalt plants, rock crushing plants or any long term generators of significant noise shall be allowed within 500 meters of sensitive receptors;  Time and Activity Constraints, i.e., operations will be scheduled to coincide with periods when people would least likely be affected; work hours and work days will be limited to less noise-sensitive times. Hours-of- work will be approved by the site CSC having due regard for possible EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 141 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS noise disturbance to the local residents or other activities. Construction activities will be strictly prohibited between 10 PM and 6 AM in the residential areas. When operating close to sensitive areas such as residential, nursery, or medical facilities, the Sub-Contractor’s hours of working shall be limited to 8 AM to 6 PM;  Community Awareness, i.e., public notification of construction operations will incorporate noise considerations; methods to handle complaints will be specified. Sensitive receptors will be avoided as possible (i.e., aggregate crushers, operators, etc.). 6. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 6.1 GENERAL According to the Terms of Reference the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) should include the following items: “Mitigation Plan – identify feasible and cost effective measures to reduce potentially significant adverse environmental impacts to acceptable levels. Compensatory measures should also be addressed where applicable and links should be provided to any other mitigation plans. Institutional arrangements for the implementation of this plan should be defined. Monitoring Plan – identify and describe the monitoring measures that will be employed to track the effectiveness of the mitigation Plan. Describe the environmental parameters to be monitored, the monitoring methods, sampling locations, frequency, costs, detection limits and thresholds that will signal corrective actions. Outline the monitoring and reporting procedures. Institutional arrangements for the implementation of this plan should be defined. Implementation Schedule and Cost Estimates – for (i) and (ii) above, provide an implementation schedule and a cost estimate (including the source of funds) and show the integration of these elements with overall project implementation plans.� Accordingly, the EMP provided herewith documents the impacts identified in this EIA report, the actions required to mitigate those impacts to acceptable levels in accordance with the laws of Azerbaijan and the World Banks Operational Policies, and the monitoring activities that are to be undertaken as part of the project to confirm that the mitigation actions have been EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 142 ROADS effective in achieving their objectives or to initiate changes in the actions required. The EMP also details the institutional arrangements and capacities that currently exist, or that will be put in place as part of the project implementation, to ensure that the environmental due diligence (including the EMP) has comprehensively considered both Azeri and World Bank requirements for environmental protection, has identified all likely environmental impacts and proposed appropriate mitigation measures, and has the systems in place to ensure that effective procedures for environmental monitoring and control of the project impacts and mitigation measures are implemented throughout the life of the project. Finally, this section of the report provides the required implementation schedule and costs for the proposed mitigation and monitoring. 6.2 MITIGATION AND MONITORING The environmental impacts associated with all three Project activities, have been detailed above in the relevant sections of this EIA. Mitigation measures required to address the impacts identified in the EIA have been summarized in each of the relevant sections covering the physical, biological and socio- economic environment affected by the project. The impacts identified and the specific mitigation measures proposed to address them have been consolidated into the Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan presented in Tables 6-1 and 6-1A (for both R45 & R46) and 6-2 and 6-2A (for local roads), which includes time frames, responsibilities and where applicable, estimated costs for each measure. An Additional Environmental Monitoring Plan is presented in Table 6-3 which outlines the activities and responsibilities associated with instrumental monitoring, i.e. Air Quality and Noise Monitoring. 6.3 IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES The main institutions that will be involved in implementation of the EMPs for all three Project Components are ARS, the Design Consultants, the Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC) the Contractor and to a lesser extent the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources (MENR). 6.3.1 PIU Responsibilities A Project Implementation Unit (PIU) established within ARS will be responsible for the day to day management of the Project components including implementation of the EMPs. The PIU currently has one Safeguards Specialist who is responsible for management of the environmental and social aspects associated with development of all donor funded road sector projects for which ARS is the responsible Executing Agency. The PIU (Safeguards Specialist) responsibilities in respect of implementation of the EMP are as follows: EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 143 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS  Ensure that all relevant EMP requirements (including environmental designs and mitigation measures) are duly incorporated into the project bidding documents.  Review necessary permits and/or clearance, as required, from MENR and other relevant government agencies, ensuring that all necessary regulatory clearances are obtained by the Contractor before commencing any civil work on the project.  Ensure that the Contractor has access to the EMP and EIA report.  Ensure that the Contractor understands his responsibilities to mitigate environmental problems associated with their construction activities and facilitate 
 training of their staff in implementation of the EMP.  Approve the Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) before Contractor takes possession of construction site.  Undertake regular site visits to assess the Contractors compliance with the EMP and EIA and make recommendations to the Contractor where non- compliance issues are identified. 6.3.2 Design Consultant Responsibilities The Design Consultant shall ensure that he reads and understands all of the identified environmental impacts highlighted by this report. He shall also ensure that all recommendations made in the design phase of the EMP are incorporated in the final detailed designs. The Consultant shall also prepare site-specific EMPs for local roads once those are identified. The site-specific EMP shall contain site assessment, information on the public disclosure, identify specific risks and propose adequate mitigation. The sample for the mitigation plan is presented below in Tables 6-2 and Environmental Management Plan in Table 6-2A, and any sample can be used at the discretion of the designer. In case of using Table 6-2 as a sample, a Monitoring Plan should also be prepared in accordance with the template provided in table 6-2A. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 144 ROADS 145 Table 6-1: Environmental Mitigation Plan – R45 & R46 Mitigation Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Design Phase Climate More extreme The Designers shall consider the potential for current and Design Consultant Included in Change flood events future flood events within the Project area and establish an design costs. appropriate embankment height and drainage measures to account for potentially more regular and more intense flood events. Hydrology Poor design of Consideration in the design phase will be given by the Design Design Consultant Included in drainage Consultant to the issue of drainage and culverts to ensure design costs. that drainage patterns are improved from the existing conditions and that increased run-off does not occur or result in flooding of areas previously undisturbed. During design, all drainage works shall be designed based on Design Consultant Included in the historical flood data and flood forecasting. design costs. A design discharge of 50 years return period shall be Design Consultant Included in considered for culverts, and 100 years of bridges. design costs. Flora Tree cutting ARS PIU shall calculate numbers of trees to be cut based on ARS PIU 500 surveys. Compensation for the tree owners shall be according to the MENR to undertake 25,000 (based requirements set out in Item 5.5.1.2. financial on preliminary calculations. calculations). ARS PIU to pay compensation. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 145 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Mitigation Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Contractor to cut trees. Fauna Impacts to As animal husbandry is the main agricultural activity at the Design Consultant 20,000 per Livestock area, one livestock underpass shall be designed within 500 m underpass. distance (before or after) of each village. The design shall provide speed limitation measures (traffic Design Consultant Included in regulation signs, speed humps etc.) within residential sections. design costs. Impacts to The designs shall ensure that all of the measures outlined in Design Consultant Included in protected Table 5-3 are implemented. design costs. species Health and Road accidents. To ensure public safety the designs shall include safety barriers Design Consultant Included in Safety and marking of hazardous areas in accordance with Safety design costs. Regulations for Construction, Rehabilitation and Maintenance, 1978. Noise Elevated traffic To ensure operational noise levels are assessed correctly the Design Consultant Included in noise. following recommendations are made: design costs.  Prepare traffic counts during this phase of the Project.  Undertake noise modeling based on detailed designs (which clearly show the distance and height of urban dwellings from the road side) and the results of the traffic counts, and other environmental information, such as climate and wind directions. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 146 ROADS 147 Mitigation Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD)  Assess which areas of the Project Corridor will be subjected to noise levels elevated above Azerbaijani noise standards during the operational phase of the Project (based on projections in 5 and ten years time).  Based on the results of the noise modeling exercise prepare designs for noise barriers where noise levels are anticipated to be exceeded within the Project Corridor.  The design specifications shall be included in the Bill of Quantities supplied to potential Contractors during the construction contract bidding stage of the Project.  The noise barrier design requirements and locations shall also be included in the Contractors contract. Pre-Construction Phase Air Quality Dust from Contractors locations for borrow pits, rock crushing facilities CSC, ARS and MENR None construction and asphalt plants shall require approval from the CSC, ARS to approve camps and PIU and MENR during the Pre-construction phase. locations. borrow pits No asphalt plant shall be located within 500 meters of any Contractor to ensure None urban area, protected area or sensitive receptor. correct siting. The Contractor shall be responsible for the preparation of an Contractor Part of the Air Quality Plan CEMP costs. Soils Permanent loss Before the commencement of the construction works of the ARS See LARP for of land. Project at any road the Land Acquisition and Resettlement associated EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 147 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Mitigation Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Plan (the LARP) must be prepared and approval obtained costs. from the World Bank. Finally the plan must be implemented and the land acquired prior to the start of construction. Spills and leaks The Contractor will be responsible for preparation of an Contractor Part of the of liquids Emergency Response Plan (ERP) which will cover containment CEMP costs. of hazardous materials, oil spills, and work-site accidents Hydrology Impacts to The Contractor shall be responsible for the preparation of a Contractor Part of the hydrology from Construction Camp Site Plan which will form part of the CEMP. CEMP costs. Construction The Plan shall indicate the system proposed and the locations Camps of related facilities in the site, including latrines, holding areas, etc. No construction camp, either temporary or permanent, shall be located within 500 meters of the Kur River or any of the Wetlands listed in Tables 4-1 and 4-2. Fauna Impacts to The location of permanent structures shall be at least 500 m Contractor to ensure None wildlife away from the Kur River bank and any of the Wetlands listed correct siting. in Tables 4-1 and 4-2 of this report. Demolishing of existing structures (houses, barns and any Contractor to hire 1,500 other) shall be avoided as they can be the shelters and specialists to breeding habitat for many species of animals and birds. undertake surveys. Where this is unavoidable surveys of the properties shall be undertaken prior to demolition to ensure that no animals and birds will be affected. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 148 ROADS 149 Mitigation Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Impacts to The Contractor shall ensure that all of the measures outlined in Contractor Part of protected Table 5-3 are implemented. general species construction costs. Borrow Pits General impacts Prepare a Borrow Pit Action Plan (BAP). The plan will identify Contractor Part of the from borrow pits the locations of all proposed borrow pits taking into account CEMP costs. the recommendations of this report. The plan shall ensure that:  Pit restoration will follow the completion of works in full compliance all applicable standards and specifications.  Arrangements for opening and using material borrow pits will contain enforceable provisions.  The excavation and restoration of the borrow areas and their surroundings, in an environmentally sound manner to the satisfaction of the CSC will be required before final acceptance and payment under the terms of contracts.  Additional borrow pits will not be opened without the restoration of those areas no longer in use. Infrastructure Impacts to Prepare and submit a Traffic Management Plan to local traffic Contractor Part of the traffic and roads authorities prior to mobilization. CEMP costs. Waste General impacts Preparation of a Waste Management and Recycling Plan. Contractor Part of the Management from waste The Plan shall include items relating to the safe handling and CEMP costs. management of Domestic waste, Food waste, Inert garbage, Recycled Waste, Plastic, Metals, Wood, Construction Waste, Hazardous Waste and Liquid Waste. The Plan will also include provisions to manage all excess spoil material. The Plan should indicate where the spoil will occur and methods and EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 149 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Mitigation Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) locations for disposal. Health and Worker health A Health and Safety Plan shall be prepared. The Plan shall Contractor Part of the Safety and safety include a Safety Training Program. CEMP costs. Permits General Prior to the start of construction, the Contractor shall be Contractor Part of environmental responsible for ensuring that all environmental related permits general pollution listed in Section 2 of this EIA are in-hand and have been construction reviewed by the CSC. costs. Construction Phase Soils Soil erosion The Contractor will be responsible for ensuing material that is Contractor Part of less susceptible to erosion will be selected for placement general around bridges and culverts. In addition he shall ensure re- construction vegetation of exposed areas including: costs.  Selection of fast growing and grazing resistant species of local grasses and shrubs.  Immediate re-vegetation of all slopes and embankments if not covered with gabion baskets.  Placement of fiber mats to encourage vegetation growth. Temporary land Construction camps, staging areas and temporary storage, Contractor to ensure None use. shall not be located on agricultural or private lands without correct siting. the express permission of the landowner. CSC, ARS and MENR to approve. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 150 ROADS 151 Mitigation Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Soil compaction The Contractor should endeavor to confine operation of Contractor Part of heavy equipment within the RoW, as much as possible. general construction costs. In case private lands are disturbed, the contractor should Contractor Part of promptly inform the owner and agree on the ways to remedy general the situation. construction costs. Spills and leaks The Contractor shall ensure that: Contractor Part of of hazardous  All fuel and chemical storage (if any) shall be sited on an general liquids impervious base within a bund and secured by fencing. construction The storage area shall be located away from any costs. watercourse or wetlands. The base and bund walls shall be impermeable and of sufficient capacity to contain 110 percent of the volume of tanks.  The construction camp maintenance yard shall be constructed on impervious hard standing with adequate drainage to collect spills, there shall be no vehicle maintenance activities on open ground.  Filling and refueling shall be strictly controlled and subject to formal procedures. Drip pans shall be placed under all filling and fueling areas. Waste oils shall be stored and disposed of by a licensed contractor.  All valves and trigger guns shall be resistant to unauthorized interference and vandalism and be turned off and securely locked when not in use.  The contents of any tank or drum shall be clearly marked. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 151 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Mitigation Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Measures shall be taken to ensure that no contaminated discharges enter any soils.  No bitumen drums or containers, full or used, shall be stored on open ground. They shall only be stored on impervious hard standing.  Areas using bitumen shall be constructed on impervious hard standing to prevent seepage of oils into the soils. Air Quality General The Contractor shall be responsible for the following; Contractor Part of construction  Exhaust emissions - No furnaces, boilers or other similar general emissions plant or equipment using any fuel that may produce air construction pollutants will be installed without prior written consent of costs. the CSC. Construction equipment shall be maintained to a good standard and fitted with pollution control devices regularly monitored by the Contractor.  Open burning of waste materials - No burning of debris or other materials will occur on the Site without permission of the CSC. Dust generated from haul roads, unpaved roads, material stock piles, etc - The Contractor shall ensure and that material stockpiles shall be located in sheltered areas and be covered with tarpaulins or other such suitable covering to prevent material becoming airborne. All trucks used for transporting materials to and from the site will be covered with canvas tarpaulins, or other acceptable type cover (which shall be properly secured) to prevent debris and/or materials from EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 152 ROADS 153 Mitigation Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) falling from or being blown off the vehicle(s). Hard surfaces will be required in construction areas with regular movements of vehicles. Effective use of water sprays will be implemented (e.g., all roads within the construction areas of the Site shall be sprayed at least twice each day during days of no rainfall, and more if necessary to control dust). Emissions from Any new borrow pits and asphalt mixing plant shall be the Contractor Part of new ancillary subject of separate environmental application under the general facilities responsibility of the Contractor. construction costs. Hydrology Drainage and During the construction phase the Contractor is required to Contractor Part of Irrigation construct, maintain, remove and reinstate as necessary general channels temporary drainage works and take all other precautions construction necessary for the avoidance of damage by flooding and silt costs. washed down from the Works. The Contractors shall arrange with the village representatives those works which might interfere with the flow of irrigation waters to be carried out at such times as will cause the least disturbance to irrigation operations. Should any operation being performed by the Contractor interrupt existing irrigation facilities, the Contractors shall restore the irrigation appurtenances to their original working conditions within 24 hours of being notified of the interruption. The Contractor shall ensure: Contractor Part of  Wastewater arising on the site shall be collected, general removed from the site via a suitable and properly construction designed temporary drainage system and disposed of at EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 153 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Mitigation Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) a location and in a manner that will cause neither costs. pollution nor nuisance.  No extraction of water from any of the wetlands identified in Tables 4-1 and 4-2 shall occur during the course of construction works.  There shall be no direct discharge of sanitary or wash water to surface water, including the Kur River or any of the Wetlands listed in Tables 4-1 & 4-2. Disposal of materials such as, but not limited to, lubricating oil and onto the ground or water bodies shall be prohibited.  Liquid material storage containment areas shall not drain directly to surface water.  Lubricating and fuel oil spills shall be cleaned up immediately and spill clean-up shall be materials be maintained at the storage area.  Construction and work sites will be equipped with sanitary latrines that do not pollute surface waters.  Discharge of sediment-laden construction water directly into surface watercourses will be forbidden. Sediment laden construction water will be discharged into settling lagoons or tanks prior to final discharge.  Provide a wash pit or a wheel washing and/or vehicle EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 154 ROADS 155 Mitigation Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) cleaning facility at the exits from the sites  Spill clean up equipment will be maintained on site. The following conditions to avoid adverse impacts due to improper fuel and chemical storage: - Fueling operations shall occur only within containment areas. - All fuel and chemical storage (if any) shall be sited on an impervious base within a bund and secured by fencing. The storage area shall be located away from any watercourse or wetlands. The base and bund walls shall be impermeable and of sufficient capacity to contain 110 percent of the volume of tanks. - Filling and refueling shall be strictly controlled and subject to formal procedures and will take place within areas surrounded by bunds to contain spills / leaks of potentially contaminating liquids. - All valves and trigger guns shall be resistant to unauthorized interference and vandalism and be turned off and securely locked when not in use. - The contents of any tank or drum shall be clearly marked. Measures shall be taken to ensure that no contaminated discharges enter any drain or watercourses. - Disposal of lubricating oil and other potentially hazardous liquids onto the ground or water bodies will EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 155 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Mitigation Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) be prohibited. - Should any accidental spills occur immediate clean up will be undertaken and all cleanup materials stored in a secure area for disposal to a site authorized to dispose of hazardous waste. Fauna Impacts to Ensure that all of the measures outlined in Table 5-3 are Contractor Part of protected implemented. general species construction costs. Impacts to To avoid direct damage to the nests and mortality of birds it is Contractor Part of nesting birds important to restrict the tree cutting process within breeding general their period (May to July). construction costs. Tree Cutting Maintenance of trees for a period of six months after planting. Contractor 15,000 Borrow pits General borrow Before the materials extraction the layer of top soil (about 20 Contractor Part of pit impacts cm) shall be removed to the side of excavation area and general kept until the area exploitation will be finalized. Top soil construction stockpiles shall be located at least 50 meters distance from costs. any watercourses to avoid water siltation and obstruction. The height of stockpiles shall not exceed three meters to avoid wind erosion and dust emissions. Prior to material extraction activity environmental training shall Contractor Part of be provided to the Contractors workers, drivers and general equipment operators. Plants collection, hunting or/and construction EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 156 ROADS 157 Mitigation Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) trapping of animals by workers shall be strictly prohibited. costs. The Contractor shall take responsibility to provide an access Contractor Part of road to the borrow site and all drivers shall be instructed to general use only this officially designated road. This will help to avoid construction additional soil compaction and disturbance to the local costs. fauna species. Full site reinstatement shall be undertaken to avoid landscape Contractor Part of damage and habitat loss. Rehabilitation measures shall general include: removing of all types of equipment from the site; construction removing of all types of waste or/and polluted soil and costs. materials if any exist; slops grade reduction with use of unsuitable stockpiles and uncrushed rocks and; slope stabilization measure such as re-covering with top soil, and further seeding, grassing and planting of appropriate bushes or/and trees if reasonable. The Borrow haul routes should follow established transport Contractor Part of corridors/rights-of-way, to the extent that is practicable. general construction costs. Infrastructure Impacts to To mitigate the potential impacts: Contractor Part of roads general  Provide information to the public about the scope and construction schedule of construction activities and expected costs. disruptions and access restrictions;  Allow for adequate traffic flow around construction areas; EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 157 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Mitigation Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD)  Provide adequate signalization, appropriate lighting, well- designed traffic safety signs, barriers and flag persons for traffic control; and  Provide temporary access where accessibility is temporarily restricted due to civil works Impacts to During construction all power lines and gas pipes in the Contractor Part of utilities Project Corridor shall be kept operational, this will include general temporary transmission lines while existing poles and lines are construction moved. costs. Waste General To mitigate the potential impacts: Contractor Part of Management construction general  Where possible, surplus materials will be reused or waste construction recycled. costs.  Oils, fuels and chemicals (including bitumen, bridge deck waterproofing agents and concrete) are substances which are hazardous to human health. They need to be stored properly in correctly labeled containers.  Bitumen, oil and fuel should be stored in tanks with lined bunds to contain spillage.  Appropriate agreements should be made so that waste oils, fuels and chemicals are disposed of at the licensed hazardous waste disposal sites. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 158 ROADS 159 Mitigation Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) In the absence of functioning sewerage and sewage Contractor Part of treatment facilities in most of Azerbaijan, it is recommended general that the Contractor is required to provide his own on-site construction wastewater treatment facilities. For sites servicing a small costs. number of employees (less than 150), septic tanks may be used. For larger sites, liquid wastes should as a minimum receive primary treatment in anaerobic tank or pond preceded by a bar screen to remove large solid objects (e.g. sticks, rags). There will be no direct discharge of untreated sanitary or oily wastewater to surface water bodies. Socio- Impacts to Whenever possible, employ local labor to benefit local Contractor Part of economics labour communities and to promote the overall acceptance of the general project. construction costs. Health and Access Provide safe access through the construction site to people Contractor Part of Safety whose residences/shelters and routes are temporarily severed general by road construction. construction costs. Worker health  Safety Meetings. Regular safety meetings will be Contractor Part of and safety conducted on a monthly basis and shall require general attendance by the safety representatives of construction Subcontractors unless otherwise agreed by the CSC. costs.  Safety Inspections. The Contractor shall regularly inspect, test and maintain all safety equipment, scaffolds, guardrails, working platforms, hoists, ladders and other means of access, lifting, lighting, signing and guarding EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 159 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Mitigation Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) equipment. Lights and signs shall be kept clear of obstructions and legible to read. Equipment, which is damaged, dirty, incorrectly positioned or not in working order, shall be repaired or replaced immediately.  Safety Equipment and Clothing. Safety equipment and protective clothing are required to be available on the Site at all material times and measures for the effective enforcement of proper utilization and necessary replacement of such equipment and clothing, and all construction plant and equipment used on or around the Site shall be fitted with appropriate safety devices. These shall include but not be limited to: - Effective safety catches for crane hooks and other lifting devices, and - Functioning automatic warning devices and, where applicable, an up-to-date test certificate, for cranes and hoists. STDs Subcontract with an Approved Service Provider to provide an Contractor Part of HIV Awareness Program to the Contractor’s Personnel and general the Local Community as soon as practicable after the construction Contractor’s Personnel arrive at the Site but in any case within costs. two weeks after the Contractor’s Personnel arrive at Site and to repeat the HIV Awareness Program at intervals not exceeding four months. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 160 ROADS 161 Mitigation Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Cultural Chance Finds To mitigate impacts to cultural resources in the event of a Contractor Part of Heritage chance find the following procedures shall apply: general construction  If a monument is found during any construction or other costs. works, the works should be immediately stopped and relevant authorities (Ministry of Culture) and Azerbaijan Science Academy taking into consideration expert evaluation.  If construction or other works are conducted in the area of historical or archeological importance, this area is initially examined by experts and initial inspection of monuments is provided. Relevant authorities (Ministry of Culture) provide participation of their representative or expert in the construction site. Noise General The following mitigation measures shall be applied: Contractor Part of construction general  Source Controls, i.e., requirements that all exhaust systems noise construction will be maintained in good working order; properly costs. designed engine enclosures and intake silencers will be employed; and regular equipment maintenance will be undertaken;  Site Controls, i.e., requirements that stationary equipment will be placed as far from sensitive land uses as practical; selected to minimize objectionable noise impacts; and provided with shielding mechanisms where possible;  Work near Sensitive Receptors shall be limited to short term activities.  No asphalt plants, rock crushing plants or any long term EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 161 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Mitigation Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) generators of significant noise shall be allowed within 500 meters of sensitive receptors;  Time and Activity Constraints, i.e., operations will be scheduled to coincide with periods when people would least likely be affected; work hours and work days will be limited to less noise-sensitive times. Hours-of-work will be approved by the site CSC having due regard for possible noise disturbance to the local residents or other activities.  Construction activities will be strictly prohibited between 10 PM and 6 AM in the residential areas.  When operating close to sensitive areas such as residential, nursery, or medical facilities, the Sub- Contractor’s hours of working shall be limited to 8 AM to 6 PM;  Community Awareness, i.e., public notification of construction operations will incorporate noise considerations; methods to handle complaints will be specified. Sensitive receptors will be avoided as possible (i.e., aggregate crushers, operators, etc.). Operational Phase Socio- Impacts to As part of the maintenance of the road the ARS should look ARS TBD economics labour into the possibility of employing the local people for the maintenance of roadside drains upon completion of rehabilitation works. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 162 ROADS 163 Table 6-2: Environmental Monitoring Plan – R45 & R46 Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Requirement Methods and Responsibility Frequency Costs Parameters Design Climate More Ensure designers include appropriate Review and ARS Once, prior to Included within Change extreme embankment height and drainage measures approve Pre-construction the general flood to account for potentially more regular and Designs tasks of PIU. events more intense flood events. Hydrology Poor Review designs of drainage and culverts to Review and ARS Once, prior to Included within design of ensure that drainage patterns are improved approve Pre-construction the general drainage from the existing conditions and that Designs phase tasks of PIU. increased run-off does not occur or result in flooding of areas previously undisturbed. During design, all drainage works shall be Review and ARS Once, prior to Included within designed based on the historical flood data approve Pre-construction the general and flood forecasting. Designs phase tasks of PIU. A design discharge of 50 years return period Review and ARS Once, prior to Included within shall be considered for culverts, and 100 approve Pre-construction the general years of bridges. Designs phase tasks of PIU. Flora Tree Compensation for the tree owners shall be Review CSC Once, prior to Included within cutting according to the requirements set out in Item compensatio construction the tasks of PIU 5.5.1.2. n payments. phase Safeguards EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 163 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Requirement Methods and Responsibility Frequency Costs Parameters Specialist. Fauna Impacts to As animal husbandry is the main agricultural Review and ARS Once, prior to Included within Livestock activity at the area, one livestock underpass approve Pre-construction the tasks of PIU shall be designed within 500 m distance Designs phase Safeguards (before or after) of each village. Specialist. The design shall provide speed limitation Review and ARS Once, prior to Included within measures (traffic regulation signs, speed approve Pre-construction the tasks of PIU humps etc.) within residential sections. Designs phase Safeguards Specialist. Impacts to The designs shall ensure that all of the Review and ARS Once, prior to Included within protected measures outlined in Table 5-3 are approve Pre-construction the tasks of PIU species implemented. Designs phase Safeguards Specialist. Health and Road To ensure public safety the designs shall Review and ARS Once, prior to Included within Safety accidents. include safety barriers and marking of approve Pre-construction the tasks of PIU hazardous areas in accordance with Safety Designs phase Safeguards Regulations for Construction, Rehabilitation Specialist. and Maintenance, 1978. Noise Elevated To ensure operational noise levels are Review and ARS Once, prior to Included within traffic assessed correctly the following approve Pre-construction the tasks of PIU EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 164 ROADS 165 Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Requirement Methods and Responsibility Frequency Costs Parameters noise. recommendations are made: Designs, phase Safeguards noise Specialist.  Prepare traffic counts during this phase of modeling the Project. results, BoQ  Undertake noise modeling based on and detailed designs (which clearly show the Contractors distance and height of urban dwellings Contract. from the road side) and the results of the traffic counts, and other environmental information, such as climate and wind directions.  Assess which areas of the Project Corridor will be subjected to noise levels elevated above Azerbaijani noise standards during the operational phase of the Project (based on projections in 5 and ten years time).  Based on the results of the noise modeling exercise prepare designs for noise barriers where noise levels are anticipated to be exceeded within the Project Corridor.  The design specifications shall be included in the Bill of Quantities (BoQ) supplied to potential Contractors during the construction contract bidding stage EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 165 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Requirement Methods and Responsibility Frequency Costs Parameters of the Project.  The noise barrier design requirements and locations shall also be included in the Contractors contract. Pre-Construction Phase Air Quality No asphalt plant shall be located within 500 Review and MENR, CSC Once, prior to Included as meters of any urban area, protected area or approve and ARS construction PIU Safeguards sensitive receptor. locations. phase Specialist tasks and CSCs Environmental Specialists costs. The Contractor shall be responsible for the Review and CSC Once, prior to Included as preparation of an Air Quality Plan approval of construction CSCs Plan. phase Environmental Specialists cost. Soils Permanent Before the commencement of the Review and World Bank Once, prior to None loss of construction works of the Project at any road approval of construction land. the Land Acquisition and Resettlement Plan Plan. phase (the LARP) must be prepared and approval obtained from the World Bank. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 166 ROADS 167 Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Requirement Methods and Responsibility Frequency Costs Parameters Spills and The Contractor will be responsible for Review and CSC Once, prior to Included as leaks of preparation of an Emergency Response Plan approval of construction CSCs liquids (ERP). Plan. phase Environmental Specialists cost. Hydrology Impacts to The Contractor shall be responsible for the Review and CSC Once, prior to Included as hydrology preparation of a Construction Camp Site approval of construction CSCs from Plan. Plan. phase Environmental Constructio Specialists n Camps cost. Flora Tree Monitor tree cutting to ensure correct Site visit to CSC Once, prior to Included as Cutting numbers and locations. count construction CSCs numbers of phase Environmental trees cut. Specialists cost. Fauna Impacts to The location of permanent structures shall be Review and MENR, CSC Once, prior to Included as wildlife at least 500 m away from the Kur River bank approve and ARS construction PIU Safeguards and any of the Wetlands listed in Tables 4-1 locations phase Specialist tasks and 4-2 of this report. and CSCs Environmental Specialists cost. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 167 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Requirement Methods and Responsibility Frequency Costs Parameters Demolishing of existing structures (houses, Ensure all CSC Once, prior to Included as barns and any other) shall be avoided. surveys have construction CSCs been phase Environmental Where this is unavoidable surveys of the undertaken Specialists properties shall be undertaken prior to by the cost. demolition to ensure that no animals and Contractor. birds will be affected. Impacts to The Contractor shall ensure that all of the Review CSC Once, prior to Included as protected measures outlined in Table 5-3 are requirements construction CSCs species implemented. of Table 5-3 phase Environmental with Specialists Contractor. cost. Borrow Pits General Prepare a Borrow Pit Action Plan (BAP). Review and CSC Once, prior to Included as impacts approval of construction CSCs from Plan. phase Environmental borrow pits Specialists cost. Infrastructu Impacts to Prepare and submit a Traffic Management Review and CSC Once, prior to Included as re traffic and Plan to local traffic authorities prior to approval of construction CSCs roads mobilization. Plan. phase Environmental Specialists cost. Waste General Preparation of a Waste Management and Review and CSC Once, prior to Included as Managem impacts Recycling Plan. approval of construction CSCs EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 168 ROADS 169 Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Requirement Methods and Responsibility Frequency Costs Parameters ent from waste Plan prior to phase Environmental construction. Specialists cost. Health and Worker A Health and Safety Plan shall be prepared. Review and CSC Once, prior to Included as Safety health and approval of construction CSCs safety Plan. phase Environmental Specialists cost. Permits General Ensure that all environmental related permits Review of all CSC Once, prior to Included as environme listed in Section 2 of this EIA are in-hand and Permits. construction CSCs ntal have been reviewed by the CSC. phase Environmental pollution Specialists cost. Construction Phase Soils Soil erosion Review site activities to ensure Contractor is Observationa Contractor &  Daily site Included as using material that is less susceptible to l monitoring CSC monitoring by Contractors erosion around bridges and culverts and that and reporting Contractor Environmental re-vegetation of exposed areas includes: using the Manager and  Weekly site Environment CSCs  Selection of fast growing and grazing monitoring by al Checklist Environmental resistant species of local grasses and CSC (Appendix E), Specialist shrubs. or similar mitigation  Immediate re-vegetation of all slopes and costs. embankments if not covered with gabion EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 169 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Requirement Methods and Responsibility Frequency Costs Parameters baskets.  Placement of fiber mats to encourage vegetation growth. Temporary Ensure construction camps, staging areas Observationa Contractor &  Daily site Included as land use. and temporary storage, are not located on l monitoring CSC monitoring by Contractors agricultural or private lands without the and reporting Contractor Environmental express permission of the landowner. using the Manager and  Weekly site Environment CSCs monitoring by al Checklist Environmental CSC (Appendix E), Specialist or similar mitigation costs. Soil Does the Contractor endeavor to confine Observationa Contractor &  Daily site Included as compactio operation of heavy equipment within the l monitoring CSC monitoring by Contractors n RoW, as much as possible. and reporting Contractor Environmental using the Manager and  Weekly site Environment CSCs monitoring by al Checklist Environmental CSC (Appendix E), Specialist or similar mitigation costs. Assess if any private lands have been Observationa Contractor &  Daily site Included as disturbed and if so, has the contractor l monitoring CSC monitoring by Contractors EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 170 ROADS 171 Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Requirement Methods and Responsibility Frequency Costs Parameters promptly informed the owner and agreed on and reporting Contractor Environmental the ways to remedy the situation. using the Manager and  Weekly site Environment CSCs monitoring by al Checklist Environmental CSC (Appendix E), Specialist or similar mitigation costs. Spills and Has the Contractor ensured that: Observationa Contractor &  Daily site Included as leaks of  All fuel and chemical storage (if any) is l monitoring CSC monitoring by Contractors hazardous sited on an impervious base within a and reporting Contractor Environmental liquids bund and secured by fencing. using the Manager and  Weekly site  The storage area is located away from Environment CSCs monitoring by any watercourse or wetlands. al Checklist Environmental CSC  The base and bund walls shall are (Appendix E), Specialist impermeable and of sufficient capacity or similar mitigation to contain 110 percent of the volume of costs. tanks.  The construction camp maintenance yard is constructed on impervious hard standing with adequate drainage to collect spills, and there is no vehicle maintenance activities on open ground.  Filling and refueling is strictly controlled and subject to formal procedures.  Drip pans are placed under all filling and fueling areas.  Waste oils are stored and disposed of by EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 171 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Requirement Methods and Responsibility Frequency Costs Parameters a licensed contractor.  All valves and trigger guns are resistant to unauthorized interference and vandalism and are turned off and securely locked when not in use.  The contents of any tank or drum is clearly marked.  Measures have been taken to ensure that no contaminated discharges enter any soils.  No bitumen drums or containers, full or used, are stored on open ground. They are only stored on impervious hard standing.  Areas using bitumen are constructed on impervious hard standing to prevent seepage of oils into the soils. Air Quality General Has the Contractor ensured that: Observationa Contractor &  Daily site Included as constructio  Exhaust emissions - No furnaces, boilers or l monitoring CSC monitoring by Contractors n emissions other similar plant or equipment using any and reporting Contractor Environmental fuel that may produce air pollutants has using the Manager and  Weekly site been installed without prior written Environment CSCs monitoring by consent of the CSC. al Checklist Environmental CSC (Appendix E), Specialist  Construction equipment is maintained to or similar mitigation a good standard and fitted with pollution EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 172 ROADS 173 Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Requirement Methods and Responsibility Frequency Costs Parameters control devices and regularly monitored costs. by the Contractor.  Open burning of waste materials - No burning of debris or other materials is occuring on the Site without permission of the CSC.  Dust generated from haul roads, unpaved roads, material stock piles, etc - material stockpiles are located in sheltered areas and be covered with tarpaulins or other such suitable covering to prevent material becoming airborne.  All trucks used for transporting materials to and from the site are covered with canvas tarpaulins, or other acceptable type cover (which shall be properly secured) to prevent debris and/or materials from falling from or being blown off the vehicle(s).  Hard surfaces are provided in construction areas with regular movements of vehicles.  Effective use of water sprays is implemented (e.g., all roads within the construction areas of the Site shall be EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 173 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Requirement Methods and Responsibility Frequency Costs Parameters sprayed at least twice each day during days of no rainfall, and more if necessary to control dust). Emissions Any new borrow pits and asphalt mixing plant Review and CSC  Once, prior to Included as from new have been the subject of separate approval of start of works CSCs ancillary environmental application under the application. at the new Environmental facilities responsibility of the Contractor. site. Specialists cost. Hydrology Drainage The Contractor has constructed, maintained, Observationa Contractor &  Daily site Included as and removed and reinstated as necessary l monitoring CSC monitoring by Contractors Irrigation temporary drainage works and taken all and reporting Contractor Environmental channels other precautions necessary for the using the Manager and  Weekly site avoidance of damage by flooding and silt Environment CSCs monitoring by washed down from the Works. al Checklist Environmental CSC The Contractors has arranged with the village (Appendix E), Specialist representatives those works which might or similar mitigation interfere with the flow of irrigation waters to costs. be carried out at such times as will cause the least disturbance to irrigation operations. Should any operation being performed by the Contractor interrupt existing irrigation facilities, the Contractors has restored the irrigation appurtenances to their original working conditions within 24 hours of being EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 174 ROADS 175 Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Requirement Methods and Responsibility Frequency Costs Parameters notified of the interruption. Has the Contractor ensured that: Observationa Contractor &  Daily site Included as  Wastewater arising on the site has been l monitoring CSC monitoring by Contractors collected, removed from the site via a and reporting Contractor Environmental suitable and properly designed using the Manager and  Weekly site temporary drainage system and disposed Environment CSCs monitoring by of at a location and in a manner that will al Checklist Environmental CSC cause neither pollution nor nuisance. (Appendix E), Specialist or similar mitigation  No extraction of water from any of the costs. wetlands identified in Tables 4-1 and 4-2 has occured during the course of construction works.  There has been no direct discharge of sanitary or wash water to surface water, including the Kur River or any of the Wetlands listed in Tables 4-1 & 4-2.  Disposal of materials such as, but not limited to, lubricating oil and onto the ground or water bodies has been prohibited.  Liquid material storage containment areas do not drain directly to surface water.  Lubricating and fuel oil spills have been EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 175 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Requirement Methods and Responsibility Frequency Costs Parameters cleaned up immediately.  Construction and work sites are equipped with sanitary latrines that do not pollute surface waters.  Discharge of sediment-laden construction water directly into surface watercourses does not occur.  Sediment laden construction water is not discharged into settling lagoons or tanks prior to final discharge.  A wash pit or a wheel washing and/or vehicle cleaning facility has been constructed at the exits from the sites.  Spill clean up equipment is maintained on site.  Fueling operations occur only within containment areas.  All fuel and chemical storage (if any) are sited on an impervious base within a bund and secured by fencing.  The storage area is located away from EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 176 ROADS 177 Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Requirement Methods and Responsibility Frequency Costs Parameters any watercourse or wetlands.  The base and bund walls is impermeable and of sufficient capacity to contain 110 percent of the volume of tanks.  Filling and refueling is strictly controlled and subject to formal procedures and takes place within areas surrounded by bunds to contain spills / leaks of potentially contaminating liquids.  All valves and trigger guns are resistant to unauthorized interference and vandalism and can be turned off and securely locked when not in use.  The contents of any tank or drum are clearly marked.  Measures have been taken to ensure that no contaminated discharges enter any drain or watercourses.  Disposal of lubricating oil and other potentially hazardous liquids onto the ground or water bodies is prohibited.  If any accidental spills occur immediate clean up has been undertaken and all cleanup materials stored in a secure area EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 177 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Requirement Methods and Responsibility Frequency Costs Parameters for disposal to a site authorized to dispose of hazardous waste. Fauna Impacts to All of the measures outlined in Table 5-3 have Observationa Contractor &  Daily site Included as protected been implemented. l monitoring CSC monitoring by Contractors species and reporting Contractor Environmental using the Manager and  Weekly site Environment CSCs monitoring by al Checklist Environmental CSC (Appendix E), Specialist or similar mitigation costs. Impacts to Restrict the tree cutting process within the Observationa Contractor &  Daily site Included as nesting breeding period (May to July). l monitoring CSC monitoring by Contractors birds and reporting Contractor Environmental using the Manager and  Weekly site Environment CSCs monitoring by al Checklist Environmental CSC (Appendix E), Specialist or similar mitigation costs. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 178 ROADS 179 Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Requirement Methods and Responsibility Frequency Costs Parameters Tree Maintain trees for a period of six months after Observationa Contractor &  Daily site Included as Cutting planting. l monitoring CSC monitoring by Contractors and reporting Contractor Environmental using the Manager and  Weekly site Environment CSCs monitoring by al Checklist Environmental CSC (Appendix E), Specialist or similar mitigation costs. Borrow pits General Ensure that before the materials extraction Observationa Contractor &  Daily site Included as borrow pit the layer of top soil (about 20 cm) shall be l monitoring CSC monitoring by Contractors impacts removed to the side of excavation area and and reporting Contractor Environmental kept until the area exploitation will be using the Manager and  Weekly site finalized. Environment CSCs monitoring by Top soil stockpiles are located at least 50 al Checklist Environmental CSC meters distance from any watercourses to (Appendix E), Specialist avoid water siltation and obstruction. or similar mitigation The height of stockpiles does not exceed costs. three meters to avoid wind erosion and dust emissions. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 179 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Requirement Methods and Responsibility Frequency Costs Parameters Prior to material extraction activity Observationa Contractor &  Daily site Included as environmental training has been provided to l monitoring CSC monitoring by Contractors the Contractors workers, drivers and and reporting Contractor Environmental equipment operators. Plant collection, using the Manager and  Weekly site hunting or/and trapping of animals by Environment CSCs monitoring by workers is strictly prohibited. al Checklist Environmental CSC (Appendix E), Specialist or similar mitigation costs. Review status CSC Once, on Included as Full site reinstatement has been undertaken of borrow pit completion of CSCs to avoid landscape damage and habitat against the works in the Environmental loss. reinstatemen borrow pit. Specialist Rehabilitation measures have included: t process in mitigation removing of all types of equipment from the the costs. site; removing of all types of waste or/and Contractors polluted soil and materials if any exist; slops approved grade reduction with use of unsuitable borrow pit stockpiles and uncrushed rocks and; slope plan. stabilization measure such as re-covering with top soil, and further seeding, grassing and planting of appropriate bushes or/and trees if reasonable. Borrow haul routes follow established Observationa Contractor &  Daily site Included as transport corridors/rights-of-way, to the extent l monitoring CSC monitoring by Contractors EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 180 ROADS 181 Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Requirement Methods and Responsibility Frequency Costs Parameters that is practicable. and reporting Contractor Environmental using the Manager and  Weekly site Environment CSCs monitoring by al Checklist Environmental CSC (Appendix E), Specialist or similar mitigation costs. Infrastructu Impacts to Has the Contractor: Observationa Contractor &  Daily site Included as re roads  Provided information to the public about l monitoring CSC monitoring by Contractors the scope and schedule of construction and reporting Contractor Environmental activities and expected disruptions and using the Manager and  Weekly site access restrictions; Environment CSCs monitoring by al Checklist Environmental  Allowed for adequate traffic flow around CSC (Appendix E), Specialist construction areas; or similar mitigation  Provided adequate signalization, costs. appropriate lighting, well-designed traffic safety signs, barriers and flag persons for traffic control; and  Provided temporary access where accessibility is temporarily restricted due to civil works Impacts to During construction all power lines and gas Observationa Contractor &  Daily site Included as utilities pipes in the Project Corridor have been kept l monitoring CSC monitoring by Contractors operational, including temporary transmission and reporting Contractor Environmental lines while existing poles and lines are moved. using the Manager and EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 181 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Requirement Methods and Responsibility Frequency Costs Parameters Environment  Weekly site CSCs al Checklist monitoring by Environmental (Appendix E), CSC Specialist or similar mitigation costs. Waste General Has the Contractor ensured that: Observationa Contractor &  Daily site Included as Managem constructio  Where possible, surplus materials have l monitoring CSC monitoring by Contractors ent n waste been reused or recycled. and reporting Contractor Environmental using the Manager and  Oils, fuels and chemicals (including  Weekly site Environment CSCs bitumen, bridge deck waterproofing monitoring by al Checklist Environmental agents and concrete) are stored properly CSC (Appendix E), Specialist in correctly labeled containers. or similar mitigation  Bitumen, oil and fuel are stored in tanks costs. with lined bunds to contain spillage.  Appropriate agreements have been made so that waste oils, fuels and chemicals are disposed of at the licensed hazardous waste disposal sites. The Contractor has provided his own on-site Observationa Contractor &  Daily site Included as wastewater treatment facilities. l monitoring CSC monitoring by Contractors and reporting Contractor Environmental There is no direct discharge of untreated using the Manager and sanitary or oily wastewater to surface water  Weekly site Environment CSCs EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 182 ROADS 183 Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Requirement Methods and Responsibility Frequency Costs Parameters bodies. al Checklist monitoring by Environmental (Appendix E), CSC Specialist or similar mitigation costs. Health and Access Safe access through the construction site is Observationa Contractor &  Daily site Included as Safety provided to people whose l monitoring CSC monitoring by Contractors residences/shelters and routes are and reporting Contractor Environmental temporarily severed by road construction. using the Manager and  Weekly site Environment CSCs monitoring by al Checklist Environmental CSC (Appendix E), Specialist or similar mitigation costs. Worker Has the Contractor ensured that: Observationa Contractor &  Daily site Included as health and  Regular safety meetings are conducted l monitoring CSC monitoring by Contractors safety on a monthly basis. and reporting Contractor Environmental using the Manager and  The Contractor regularly inspects, tests  Weekly site Environment CSCs and maintains all safety equipment, monitoring by al Checklist Environmental scaffolds, guardrails, working platforms, CSC (Appendix E), Specialist hoists, ladders and other means of or similar mitigation access, lifting, lighting, signing and costs. guarding equipment.  Lights and signs are kept clear of obstructions and legible to read.  Equipment, which is damaged, dirty, EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 183 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Requirement Methods and Responsibility Frequency Costs Parameters incorrectly positioned or not in working order, has been repaired or replaced immediately.  Safety equipment and protective clothing are available on the Site at all times for the effective enforcement of proper utilization and necessary replacement of such equipment and clothing, and all construction plant and equipment used on or around the Site is fitted with appropriate safety devices. These shall include but not be limited to: - Effective safety catches for crane hooks and other lifting devices, and - Functioning automatic warning devices and, where applicable, an up-to-date test certificate, for cranes and hoists. STDs The Contractor has a Subcontract with an Periodic CSC Once every three Approved Service Provider to provide an HIV review of months Awareness Program to the Contractor’s training Personnel. program EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 184 ROADS 185 Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Requirement Methods and Responsibility Frequency Costs Parameters Cultural Chance Has the Contractor ensured that: Observationa Contractor &  Daily site Included as Heritage Finds  If a monument is found during any l monitoring CSC monitoring by Contractors construction or other works, the works and reporting Contractor Environmental have immediately stopped and relevant using the Manager and  Weekly site authorities (Ministry of Culture) and Environment CSCs monitoring by Azerbaijan Science Academy taking into al Checklist Environmental CSC consideration expert evaluation. (Appendix E), Specialist or similar mitigation  If construction or other works are costs. conducted in the area of historical or archeological importance, this area has been initially examined by experts and initial inspection of monuments provided. Noise General Has the Contractor ensured that: Observationa Contractor &  Daily site Included as constructio  Source Controls, i.e., all exhaust systems l monitoring CSC monitoring by Contractors n noise are maintained in good working order; and reporting Contractor Environmental properly designed engine enclosures and using the Manager and  Weekly site intake silencers are employed; and Environment CSCs monitoring by regular equipment maintenance is al Checklist Environmental CSC undertaken; (Appendix E), Specialist  Site Controls, i.e., requirements that or similar mitigation stationary equipment is placed as far costs. from sensitive land uses as practical; selected to minimize objectionable noise impacts; and provided with shielding mechanisms where possible; EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 185 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Requirement Methods and Responsibility Frequency Costs Parameters  Work near Sensitive Receptors is limited to short term activities.  No asphalt plants, rock crushing plants or any long term generators of significant noise is located within 500 meters of sensitive receptors;  Time and Activity Constraints, i.e., operations will be scheduled to coincide with periods when people would least likely be affected; work hours and work days is limited to less noise-sensitive times. Hours-of-work are approved by the site CSC having due regard for possible noise disturbance to the local residents or other activities.  Construction activities are strictly prohibited between 10 PM and 6 AM in the residential areas.  When operating close to sensitive areas such as residential, nursery, or medical facilities, the Sub-Contractor’s hours of working is limited to 8 AM to 6 PM;  Community Awareness, i.e., public notification of construction operations incorporates noise considerations; methods to handle complaints have EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 186 ROADS 187 Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Requirement Methods and Responsibility Frequency Costs Parameters been specified. Sensitive receptors are avoided as far as possible (i.e., aggregate crushers, operators, etc.). Table 6-3: Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan – Local Roads Mitigation Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Requirement Responsibility Design Phase Climate More The Designers shall consider the potential for Design Included in Review and ARS Change extreme current and future flood events within the Consultant design costs. approve Designs flood Project area and establish an appropriate prior to Pre- events embankment height and drainage measures construction to account for potentially more regular and phase more intense flood events. Hydrology Poor Consideration in the design phase will be Design Included in Review and ARS design of given by the Design Consultant to the issue of Consultant design costs. approve Designs drainage drainage and culverts to ensure that prior to Pre- drainage patterns are improved from the construction existing conditions and that increased run-off phase does not occur or result in flooding of areas previously undisturbed. During design, all drainage works shall be Design Included in Review and ARS designed based on the historical flood data Consultant design costs. approve Designs EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 187 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Mitigation Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Requirement Responsibility and flood forecasting. prior to Pre- construction phase A design discharge of 50 years return period Design Included in Review and ARS shall be considered for culverts, and 100 years Consultant design costs. approve Designs of bridges. prior to Pre- construction phase Flora Tree ARS PIU shall calculate numbers of trees to be ARS PIU 500 None None cutting cut based on surveys. Compensation for the tree owners shall be MENR to 25,000 Review CSC according to the requirements set out in Item undertake (based on compensation 5.5.1.2. financial preliminary payments. calculations. calculations). Monitor tree ARS PIU to cutting to ensure pay correct numbers compensatio and locations. n. Contractor to cut trees. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 188 ROADS 189 Mitigation Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Requirement Responsibility Fauna Impacts to The design shall provide speed limitation Design Included in Review and ARS Livestock measures (traffic regulation signs, speed Consultant design costs. approve Designs humps etc.) within residential sections. prior to Pre- construction phase Impacts to The designs shall ensure that all of the Design Included in Review and ARS protected measures outlined in Table 5-3 are Consultant design costs. approve Designs species implemented. prior to Pre- construction phase. Health and Road To ensure public safety the designs shall Design Included in Review and ARS Safety accidents. include safety barriers and marking of Consultant design costs. approve Designs hazardous areas in accordance with Safety prior to Pre- Regulations for Construction, Rehabilitation construction and Maintenance, 1978. phase. Pre-Construction Phase Air Quality Dust from Contractors locations for borrow pits, rock CSC, ARS None None None constructio crushing facilities and asphalt plants shall and MENR to n camps require approval from the CSC, ARS PIU and approve and MENR during the Pre-construction phase. locations. borrow pits No asphalt plant shall be located within 500 Contractor to None Review and MENR, CSC meters of any urban area, protected area or ensure approve and ARS sensitive receptor. correct siting. locations EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 189 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Mitigation Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Requirement Responsibility The Contractor shall be responsible for the Contractor Part of the Review and CSC preparation of an Air Quality Plan CEMP costs. approval of Plan prior to construction. Soils Spills and The Contractor will be responsible for Contractor Part of the Review and CSC leaks of preparation of an Emergency Response Plan CEMP costs. approval of Plan liquids (ERP) which will cover containment of prior to hazardous materials, oil spills, and work-site construction. accidents Hydrology Impacts to The Contractor shall be responsible for the Contractor Part of the Review and CSC hydrology preparation of a Construction Camp Site Plan CEMP costs. approval of Plan from which will form part of the CEMP. The Plan prior to Constructio shall indicate the system proposed and the construction. n Camps locations of related facilities in the site, including latrines, holding areas, etc. No construction camp, either temporary or permanent, shall be located within 500 meters of the Kur River or any of the Wetlands listed in Tables 4-1 and 4-2. Fauna Impacts to The location of permanent structures shall be Contractor to None Review and MENR, CSC wildlife at least 500 m away from the Kur River bank ensure approve and ARS and any of the Wetlands listed in Tables 4-1 correct siting. locations and 4-2 of this report. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 190 ROADS 191 Mitigation Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Requirement Responsibility Impacts to The Contractor shall ensure that all of the Contractor Part of Review CSC protected measures outlined in Table 5-3 are general requirements of species implemented. construction Table 5-3 with costs. Contractor before start of construction. Borrow Pits General Prepare a Borrow Pit Action Plan (BAP). The Contractor Part of the Review and CSC impacts plan will identify the locations of all proposed CEMP costs. approval of Plan from borrow pits taking into account the prior to borrow pits recommendations of this report. The plan shall construction. ensure that:  Pit restoration will follow the completion of works in full compliance all applicable standards and specifications.  Arrangements for opening and using material borrow pits will contain enforceable provisions.  The excavation and restoration of the borrow areas and their surroundings, in an environmentally sound manner to the satisfaction of the CSC will be required before final acceptance and payment under the terms of contracts.  Additional borrow pits will not be opened without the restoration of those areas no longer in use. Infrastructu Impacts to Prepare and submit a Traffic Management Contractor Part of the Review and CSC traffic and Plan to local traffic authorities prior to approval of Plan EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 191 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Mitigation Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Requirement Responsibility re roads mobilization. CEMP costs. prior to construction. Waste General Preparation of a Waste Management and Contractor Part of the Review and CSC Managem impacts Recycling Plan. The Plan shall include items CEMP costs. approval of Plan ent from waste relating to the safe handling and prior to management of Domestic waste, Food construction. waste, Inert garbage, Recycled Waste, Plastic, Metals, Wood, Construction Waste, Hazardous Waste and Liquid Waste. The Plan will also include provisions to manage all excess spoil material. The Plan should indicate where the spoil will occur and methods and locations for disposal. Health and Worker A Health and Safety Plan shall be prepared. Contractor Part of the Review and CSC Safety health and The Plan shall include a Safety Training CEMP costs. approval of Plan safety Program. prior to construction. Permits General Prior to the start of construction, the Contractor Part of Review of all CSC environme Contractor shall be responsible for ensuring general Permits prior to ntal that all environmental related permits listed in construction construction. pollution Section 2 of this EIA are in-hand and have costs. been reviewed by the CSC. Construction Phase Soils Soil erosion The Contractor will be responsible for ensuing Contractor Part of  Daily site  Daily material that is less susceptible to erosion will general monitoring EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 192 ROADS 193 Mitigation Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Requirement Responsibility be selected for placement around bridges construction monitoring by the and culverts. In addition he shall ensure re- costs. Contractor  Weekly site vegetation of exposed areas including: monitoring  Weekly  Selection of fast growing and grazing monitoring resistant species of local grasses and by the shrubs. CSC.  Immediate re-vegetation of all slopes and embankments if not covered with gabion baskets.  Placement of fiber mats to encourage vegetation growth. Temporary Construction camps, staging areas and Contractor to None  Daily site  Daily land use. temporary storage, shall not be located on ensure monitoring monitoring agricultural or private lands without the correct siting. by the  Weekly site express permission of the landowner. Contractor CSC, ARS monitoring and MENR to  Weekly approve. monitoring by the CSC. Soil The Contractor should endeavor to confine Contractor Part of  Daily site  Daily compactio operation of heavy equipment within the general monitoring monitoring n RoW, as much as possible. construction by the  Weekly site costs. Contractor monitoring  Weekly EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 193 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Mitigation Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Requirement Responsibility monitoring by the CSC. In case private lands are disturbed, the Contractor Part of  Daily site  Daily contractor should promptly inform the owner general monitoring monitoring and agree on the ways to remedy the construction by the  Weekly site situation. costs. Contractor monitoring  Weekly monitoring by the CSC. Spills and The Contractor shall ensure that: Contractor Part of  Daily site  Daily leaks of  All fuel and chemical storage (if any) shall general monitoring monitoring hazardous be sited on an impervious base within a construction by the  Weekly site liquids bund and secured by fencing. The costs. Contractor monitoring storage area shall be located away from  Weekly any watercourse or wetlands. The base monitoring and bund walls shall be impermeable and by the of sufficient capacity to contain 110 CSC. percent of the volume of tanks.  The construction camp maintenance yard shall be constructed on impervious hard standing with adequate drainage to collect spills, there shall be no vehicle maintenance activities on open ground. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 194 ROADS 195 Mitigation Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Requirement Responsibility  Filling and refueling shall be strictly controlled and subject to formal procedures. Drip pans shall be placed under all filling and fueling areas. Waste oils shall be stored and disposed of by a licensed contractor.  All valves and trigger guns shall be resistant to unauthorized interference and vandalism and be turned off and securely locked when not in use.  The contents of any tank or drum shall be clearly marked. Measures shall be taken to ensure that no contaminated discharges enter any soils.  No bitumen drums or containers, full or used, shall be stored on open ground. They shall only be stored on impervious hard standing.  Areas using bitumen shall be constructed on impervious hard standing to prevent seepage of oils into the soils. Air Quality General The Contractor shall be responsible for the Contractor Part of  Daily site  Daily constructio following; general monitoring monitoring n emissions  Exhaust emissions - No furnaces, boilers or construction by the  Weekly site other similar plant or equipment using any costs. Contractor monitoring fuel that may produce air pollutants will  Weekly be installed without prior written consent monitoring of the CSC. Construction equipment shall by the EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 195 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Mitigation Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Requirement Responsibility be maintained to a good standard and CSC. fitted with pollution control devices regularly monitored by the Contractor.  Open burning of waste materials - No burning of debris or other materials will occur on the Site without permission of the CSC.  Dust generated from haul roads, unpaved roads, material stock piles, etc - The Contractor shall ensure and that material stockpiles shall be located in sheltered areas and be covered with tarpaulins or other such suitable covering to prevent material becoming airborne. All trucks used for transporting materials to and from the site will be covered with canvas tarpaulins, or other acceptable type cover (which shall be properly secured) to prevent debris and/or materials from falling from or being blown off the vehicle(s). Hard surfaces will be required in construction areas with regular movements of vehicles. Effective use of water sprays will be implemented (e.g., all roads within the construction areas of the Site shall be sprayed at least twice each EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 196 ROADS 197 Mitigation Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Requirement Responsibility day during days of no rainfall, and more if necessary to control dust). Emissions Any new borrow pits and asphalt mixing plant Contractor Part of  Daily site  Daily from new shall be the subject of separate general monitoring monitoring ancillary environmental application under the construction by the  Weekly site facilities responsibility of the Contractor. costs. Contractor monitoring  Weekly monitoring by the CSC. Hydrology Drainage During the construction phase the Contractor Contractor Part of  Daily site  Daily and is required to construct, maintain, remove general monitoring monitoring Irrigation and reinstate as necessary temporary construction by the  Weekly site channels drainage works and take all other costs. Contractor monitoring precautions necessary for the avoidance of  Weekly damage by flooding and silt washed down monitoring from the Works. The Contractors shall arrange by the with the village representatives those works CSC. which might interfere with the flow of irrigation waters to be carried out at such times as will cause the least disturbance to irrigation operations. Should any operation being performed by the Contractor interrupt existing irrigation facilities, the Contractors shall restore the irrigation appurtenances to their original working conditions within 24 hours of being notified of the interruption. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 197 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Mitigation Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Requirement Responsibility The Contractor shall ensure: Contractor Part of  Daily site  Daily  Wastewater arising on the site shall be general monitoring monitoring collected, removed from the site via a construction by the  Weekly site suitable and properly designed temporary costs. Contractor monitoring drainage system and disposed of at a  Weekly location and in a manner that will cause monitoring neither pollution nor nuisance. by the  No extraction of water from any of the CSC. wetlands identified in Tables 4-1 and 4-2 shall occur during the course of construction works.  There shall be no direct discharge of sanitary or wash water to surface water, including the Kur River or any of the Wetlands listed in Tables 4-1 & 4-2. Disposal of materials such as, but not limited to, lubricating oil and onto the ground or water bodies shall be prohibited.  Liquid material storage containment areas shall not drain directly to surface water.  Lubricating and fuel oil spills shall be cleaned up immediately and spill clean- EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 198 ROADS 199 Mitigation Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Requirement Responsibility up shall be materials be maintained at the storage area.  Construction and work sites will be equipped with sanitary latrines that do not pollute surface waters.  Discharge of sediment-laden construction water directly into surface watercourses will be forbidden. Sediment laden construction water will be discharged into settling lagoons or tanks prior to final discharge.  Provide a wash pit or a wheel washing and/or vehicle cleaning facility at the exits from the sites  Spill clean up equipment will be maintained on site. The following conditions to avoid adverse impacts due to improper fuel and chemical storage: - Fueling operations shall occur only within containment areas. - All fuel and chemical storage (if any) shall be sited on an impervious base within a bund and secured by fencing. The storage area shall be located away from any watercourse EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 199 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Mitigation Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Requirement Responsibility or wetlands. The base and bund walls shall be impermeable and of sufficient capacity to contain 110 percent of the volume of tanks. - Filling and refueling shall be strictly controlled and subject to formal procedures and will take place within areas surrounded by bunds to contain spills / leaks of potentially contaminating liquids. - All valves and trigger guns shall be resistant to unauthorized interference and vandalism and be turned off and securely locked when not in use. - The contents of any tank or drum shall be clearly marked. Measures shall be taken to ensure that no contaminated discharges enter any drain or watercourses. - Disposal of lubricating oil and other potentially hazardous liquids onto the ground or water bodies will be prohibited. - Should any accidental spills occur EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 200 ROADS 201 Mitigation Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Requirement Responsibility immediate clean up will be undertaken and all cleanup materials stored in a secure area for disposal to a site authorized to dispose of hazardous waste. Fauna Impacts to Ensure that all of the measures outlined in Contractor Part of  Daily site  Daily protected Table 5-3 are implemented. general monitoring monitoring species construction by the  Weekly site costs. Contractor monitoring  Weekly monitoring by the CSC. Impacts to To avoid direct damage to the nests and Contractor Part of  Daily site  Daily nesting mortality of birds it is important to restrict the general monitoring monitoring birds tree cutting process within breeding their construction during the by the period (May to July). costs. breeding Contractor period  Weekly  Weekly site monitoring monitoring by the during the CSC. breeding period Tree Maintenance of trees for a period of six Contractor 15,000  Daily site  Daily Cutting months after planting. monitoring monitoring by the EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 201 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Mitigation Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Requirement Responsibility  Weekly site Contractor monitoring  Weekly monitoring by the CSC. Borrow pits General Before the materials extraction the layer of Contractor Part of  Daily site  Daily borrow pit top soil (about 20 cm) shall be removed to general monitoring monitoring impacts the side of excavation area and kept until the construction by the  Weekly site area exploitation will be finalized. Top soil costs. Contractor monitoring stockpiles shall be located at least 50 meters  Weekly distance from any watercourses to avoid monitoring water siltation and obstruction. The height of by the stockpiles shall not exceed three meters to CSC. avoid wind erosion and dust emissions. Prior to material extraction activity Contractor Part of  Daily site  Daily environmental training shall be provided to general monitoring monitoring the Contractors workers, drivers and construction by the  Weekly site equipment operators. Plants collection, costs. Contractor monitoring hunting or/and trapping of animals by  Weekly workers shall be strictly prohibited. monitoring by the CSC. Contractor Part of  Daily site  Daily The Contractor shall take responsibility to general monitoring monitoring provide an access road to the borrow site EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 202 ROADS 203 Mitigation Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Requirement Responsibility and all drivers shall be instructed to use only construction  Weekly site by the this officially designated road. This will help to costs. monitoring Contractor avoid additional soil compaction and  Weekly disturbance to the local fauna species. monitoring by the CSC. Contractor Part of On completion of CSC Full site reinstatement shall be undertaken to general works in the avoid landscape damage and habitat loss. construction borrow pit. Rehabilitation measures shall include: costs. removing of all types of equipment from the site; removing of all types of waste or/and polluted soil and materials if any exist; slops grade reduction with use of unsuitable stockpiles and uncrushed rocks and; slope stabilization measure such as re-covering with top soil, and further seeding, grassing and planting of appropriate bushes or/and trees if reasonable. The Borrow haul routes should follow Contractor Part of  Daily site  Daily established transport corridors/rights-of-way, general monitoring monitoring to the extent that is practicable. construction by the  Weekly site costs. Contractor monitoring  Weekly monitoring by the CSC. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 203 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Mitigation Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Requirement Responsibility Infrastructu Impacts to To mitigate the potential impacts: Contractor Part of  Daily site  Daily re roads general monitoring monitoring  Provide information to the public about construction by the the scope and schedule of construction  Weekly site costs. Contractor activities and expected disruptions and monitoring access restrictions;  Weekly monitoring  Allow for adequate traffic flow around by the construction areas; CSC.  Provide adequate signalization, appropriate lighting, well-designed traffic safety signs, barriers and flag persons for traffic control; and  Provide temporary access where accessibilty is temporarily restricted due to civil works Impacts to During construction all power lines and gas Contractor Part of  Daily site  Daily utilities pipes in the Project Corridor shall be kept general monitoring monitoring operational, this will include temporary construction by the  Weekly site transmission lines while existing poles and lines costs. Contractor monitoring are moved.  Weekly monitoring by the CSC. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 204 ROADS 205 Mitigation Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Requirement Responsibility Waste General To mitigate the potential impacts: Contractor Part of  Daily site  Daily Managem constructio general monitoring monitoring  Where possible, surplus materials will be ent n waste construction by the reused or recycled.  Weekly site costs. Contractor monitoring  Oils, fuels and chemicals (including  Weekly bitumen, bridge deck waterproofing monitoring agents and concrete) are substances by the which are hazardous to human health. CSC. They need to be stored properly in correctly labeled containers.  Bitumen, oil and fuel should be stored in tanks with lined bunds to contain spillage.  Appropriate agreements should be made so that waste oils, fuels and chemicals are disposed of at the licensed hazardous waste disposal sites. In the absence of functioning sewerage and Contractor Part of  Daily site  Daily sewage treatment facilities in most of general monitoring monitoring Azerbaijan, it is recommended that the construction by the  Weekly site Contractor is required to provide his own on- costs. Contractor monitoring site wastewater treatment facilities. For sites  Weekly servicing a small number of employees (less monitoring than 150), septic tanks may be used. For by the larger sites, liquid wastes should as a minimum CSC. receive primary treatment in anaerobic tank or pond preceded by a bar screen to remove large solid objects (e.g. sticks, rags). There will EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 205 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Mitigation Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Requirement Responsibility be no direct discharge of untreated sanitary or oily wastewater to surface water bodies. Socio- Impacts to Whenever possible, employ local labor to Contractor Part of None None economics labour benefit local communities and to promote general the overall acceptance of the project. construction costs. Health and Access Provide safe access through the construction Contractor Part of  Daily site  Daily Safety site to people whose residences/shelters and general monitoring monitoring routes are temporarily severed by road construction by the  Weekly site construction. costs. Contractor monitoring  Weekly monitoring by the CSC. Worker  Safety Meetings. Regular safety meetings Contractor Part of  Daily site  Daily health and will be conducted on a monthly basis and general monitoring monitoring safety shall require attendance by the safety construction by the  Weekly site representatives of Subcontractors unless costs. Contractor monitoring otherwise agreed by the CSC.  Weekly  Safety Inspections. The Contractor shall monitoring regularly inspect, test and maintain all by the safety equipment, scaffolds, guardrails, CSC. working platforms, hoists, ladders and other means of access, lifting, lighting, EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 206 ROADS 207 Mitigation Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Requirement Responsibility signing and guarding equipment. Lights and signs shall be kept clear of obstructions and legible to read. Equipment, which is damaged, dirty, incorrectly positioned or not in working order, shall be repaired or replaced immediately.  Safety Equipment and Clothing. Safety equipment and protective clothing are required to be available on the Site at all material times and measures for the effective enforcement of proper utilization and necessary replacement of such equipment and clothing, and all construction plant and equipment used on or around the Site shall be fitted with appropriate safety devices. These shall include but not be limited to: - Effective safety catches for crane hooks and other lifting devices, and - Functioning automatic warning devices and, where applicable, an up-to-date test certificate, for cranes and hoists. STDs Subcontract with an Approved Service Contractor Part of Periodic review of CSC EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 207 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Mitigation Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Requirement Responsibility Provider to provide an HIV Awareness general training program Program to the Contractor’s Personnel and construction the Local Community as soon as practicable costs. after the Contractor’s Personnel arrive at the Site but in any case within two weeks after the Contractor’s Personnel arrive at Site and to repeat the HIV Awareness Program at intervals not exceeding four months. Cultural Chance To mitigate impacts to cultural resources in Contractor Part of  Daily site  Daily Heritage Finds the event of a chance find the following general monitoring monitoring procedures shall apply: construction by the  Weekly site costs. Contractor  If a monument is found during any monitoring construction or other works, the works  Weekly should be immediately stopped and monitoring relevant authorities (Ministry of Culture) by the and Azerbaijan Science Academy taking CSC. into consideration expert evaluation.  If construction or other works are conducted in the area of historical or archeological importance, this area is initially examined by experts and initial inspection of monuments is provided. Relevant authorities (Ministry of Culture) provide participation of their representative or expert in the EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 208 ROADS 209 Mitigation Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Requirement Responsibility construction site. Noise General The following mitigation measures shall be Contractor Part of  Daily site  Daily constructio applied: general monitoring monitoring n noise construction by the  Source Controls, i.e., requirements that all  Weekly site costs. Contractor exhaust systems will be maintained in monitoring good working order; properly designed  Weekly engine enclosures and intake silencers will monitoring be employed; and regular equipment by the maintenance will be undertaken; CSC.  Site Controls, i.e., requirements that stationary equipment will be placed as far from sensitive land uses as practical; selected to minimize objectionable noise impacts; and provided with shielding mechanisms where possible;  Work near Sensitive Receptors shall be limited to short term activities.  No asphalt plants, rock crushing plants or any long term generators of significant noise shall be allowed within 500 meters of sensitive receptors;  Time and Activity Constraints, i.e., operations will be scheduled to coincide with periods when people would least likely be affected; work hours and work days will be limited to less noise-sensitive times. Hours-of-work will be approved by EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 209 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Mitigation Monitoring Monitoring Item Impact Mitigation Responsibility Cost (USD) Requirement Responsibility the site CSC having due regard for possible noise disturbance to the local residents or other activities.  Construction activities will be strictly prohibited between 10 PM and 6 AM in the residential areas.  When operating close to sensitive areas such as residential, nursery, or medical facilities, the Sub-Contractor’s hours of working shall be limited to 8 AM to 6 PM;  Community Awareness, i.e., public notification of construction operations will incorporate noise considerations; methods to handle complaints will be specified. Sensitive receptors will be avoided as possible (i.e., aggregate crushers, operators, etc.). Operational Phase Socio- Impacts to As part of the maintenance of the road the ARS TBD None None economics labour ARS should look into the possibility of employing the local people for the maintenance of roadside drains upon completion of rehabilitation works. Table 6-3A: Environmental Management Plan – local roads EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 210 ROADS 211 PART 1: GENERAL PROJECT AND SITE INFORMATION INSTITUTIONAL & ADMINISTRATIVE Country Project title Scope of project and activity Institutional WB Project Management Local Counterpart and/or Recipient arrangements (Project Team Leader) (Name and contacts) Implementation Safeguard Supervision Local Counterpart Local Inspectorate Contactor Supervision Supervision arrangements (Name and contacts) SITE DESCRIPTION Name of site Describe site location Attachment 1: Site Map [ ]Y [ ] N Who owns the land? Description of geographic, physical, biological, geological, hydrographic and EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 211 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS socio-economic context Locations and distance for material sourcing, especially aggregates, water, stones? LEGISLATION Identify national & local legislation & permits that apply to project activity PUBLIC CONSULTATION Identify when / where the public consultation process took place INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY BUILDING Will there be any [ ] N or [ ]Y if Yes, Attachment 2 includes the capacity building program capacity building? EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 212 ROADS 213 PART 2: SAFEGUARDS SCREENING AND TRIGGERS ENVIRONMENTAL /SOCIAL SCREENING FOR SAFEGUARDS TRIGGERS Activity/Issue Status Triggered Actions A. Roads rehabilitation [ ] Yes [ ] No If “Yes�, see Section A below B. New construction of small traffic infrastructure [ ] Yes [ ] No If “Yes�, see Section A below Will the site C. Impacts on surface drainage system [ ] Yes [ ] No If “Yes�, see Section B below activity D. Historic building(s) and districts [ ] Yes [ ] No If “Yes�, see Section C below include/involve any of the E. Acquisition of land8 [ ] Yes [ ] No If “Yes�, see Section D below following?? F. Hazardous or toxic materials9 [ ] Yes [ ] No If “Yes�, see Section E below G. Impacts on forests and/or protected areas [ ] Yes [ ] No If “Yes�, see Section F below H. Risk of unexploded ordinance (UXO) [ ] Yes [ ] No If “Yes�, see Section G below I. Traffic and Pedestrian Safety [ ] Yes [ ] No If “Yes�, see Section H below 8Land acquisitions includes displacement of people, change of livelihood encroachment on private property this is to land that is purchased/transferred and affects people who are living and/or squatters and/or operate a business (kiosks) on land that is being acquired. 9 Toxic / hazardous material includes but is not limited to asbestos, toxic paints, noxious solvents, removal of lead paint, etc. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 213 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS PART 3: MITIGATION MEASURES ACTIVITY PARAMETER MITIGATION MEASURES CHECKLIST 0. General Conditions Notification and Worker (a) The local construction and environment inspectorates and communities have been notified of upcoming activities Safety (b) The public has been notified of the works through appropriate notification in the media and/or at publicly accessible sites (including the site of the works) (c) All legally required permits have been acquired for construction and/or rehabilitation (d) The Contractor formally agrees that all work will be carried out in a safe and disciplined manner designed to minimize impacts on neighboring residents and environment. (e) Workers’ PPE will comply with international good practice (always hardhats, as needed masks a nd safety glasses, harnesses and safety boots) (f) Appropriate signposting of the sites will inform workers of key rules and regulations to follow. A. General Rehabilitation Air Quality (a) During excavation works dust control measures shall be employed, e.g. by spraying and moistening the ground and /or Construction (b) Demolition debris, excavated soil and aggregates shall be kept in controlled area and sprayed with water mist to reduce Activities debris dust (c) During pneumatic drilling or breaking of pavement and foundations dust shall be suppressed by ongoing water spraying and/or installing dust screen enclosures at site (d) The surrounding environment (side walks, roads) shall be kept free of soil and debris to minimize dust (e) There will be no open burning of construction / waste material at the site (f) All machinery will comply with Polish emission regulations, shall well maintained and serviced and there will be no excessive idling of construction vehicles at sites Noise (a) Construction noise will be limited to restricted times agreed to in the permit (b) During operations the engine covers of generators, air compressors and other powered mechanical equipment shall be closed, and equipment placed as far away from residential areas as possible Water Quality (a) The site will establish appropriate erosion and sediment control measures such as e.g. hay bales and / or silt fences to prevent sediment from moving off site and causing excessive turbidity in canalization and nearby streams and rivers Waste management (a) Waste collection and disposal pathways and sites will be identified for all major waste types expected from excavation, demolition and construction activities. (b) Mineral construction and demolition wastes will be separated from general refuse, organic, liquid and chemical wastes by on-site sorting and stored in appropriate containers. (c) Construction waste will be collected and disposed properly by licensed collectors (d) The records of waste disposal will be maintained as proof for proper management as designed. (e) Whenever feasible Contractor will reuse and recycle appropriate and viable materials (except when containing asbestos) B. Impacts on surface Water Quality (a) There will be no unregulated extraction of groundwater, nor uncontrolled discharge of process waters, cement slurries, or drainage system any other contaminated waters into the ground or adjacent streams or rivers; the Contractor will obtain all necessary licenses and permits for water extraction and regulated discharge into the public wastewater system. (b) There will be proper storm water drainage systems installed and care taken not to silt, pollute, block or otherwise negatively impact natural streams, rivers, ponds and lakes by construction activities EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 214 ROADS 215 (c) There will be procedures for prevention of and response to accidental spills of fuels, lubricants and other toxic or noxious substances (d) Construction vehicles and machinery will be washed only in designated areas where runoff will not pollute natural surface water bodies EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 215 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS ACTIVITY PARAMETER MITIGATION MEASURES CHECKLIST C. Historic building(s) Cultural Heritage (a) If construction works take place close to a designated historic structure, or are located in a designated historic district, notification shall be made and approvals/permits be obtained from local authorities and all construction activities planned and carried out in line with local and national legislation. (b) It shall be ensured that provisions are put in place so that artifacts or other possible “chance finds� encountered in excavation or construction are noted and registered, responsible officials contacted, and works activities delayed or modified to account for such finds. D. Acquisition of land Land Acquisition (c) If expropriation of land was not expected but is required, or if loss of access to income of legal or illegal users of land was Plan/Framework not expected but may occur, that the Bank’s Task Team Leader shall be immediately consulted. (d) The approved Land Acquisition Plan/Framework (if required by the project) will be implemented E. Toxic materials Asbestos management (a) If asbestos is located on the project site, it shall be marked clearly as hazardous material (b) When possible the asbestos will be appropriately contained and sealed to minimize exposure (c) The asbestos prior to removal (if removal is necessary) will be treated with a wetting agent to minimize asbestos dust (d) Asbestos will be handled and disposed by skilled & experienced professionals (e) If asbestos material is be stored temporarily, the wastes should be securely enclosed inside closed containments and marked appropriately. Security measures will be taken against unauthorized removal from the site. (f) The removed asbestos will not be reused Toxic / hazardous waste (a) Temporarily storage on site of all hazardous or toxic substances will be in safe containers labeled with details of management composition, properties and handling information (b) The containers of hazardous substances shall be placed in an leak-proof container to prevent spillage (c) The wastes shall be transported by specially licensed carriers and disposed in a licensed facility. (d) Paints with toxic ingredients or solvents or lead-based paints will not be used F. Affected forests, Ecosystem protection (a) All recognized natural habitats, wetlands and protected areas in the immediate vicinity of the activity will not be damaged wetlands and/or protected or exploited, all staff will be strictly prohibited from hunting, foraging, logging or other damaging activities. areas (b) A survey and an inventory shall be made of large trees in the vicinity of the construction activity, large trees shall be marked and cordoned off with fencing, their root system protected, and any damage to the trees avoided (c) Adjacent wetlands and streams shall be protected from construction site run-off with appropriate erosion and sediment control feature to include by not limited to hay bales and silt fences (d) There will be no unlicensed borrow pits, quarries or waste dumps in adjacent areas, especially not in protected areas. G. Risk of unexploded Hazard to human health (a) Before start of any excavation works the Contractor will verify that the construction area has been checked and cleared ordinance (UXO) and safety regarding UXO by the appropriate authorities H Traffic and pedestrian Direct or indirect hazards to (b) In compliance with national regulations the Contractor will insure that the construction site is properly secured and safety public traffic and construction related traffic regulated. This includes but is not limited to pedestrians by construction  Signposting, warning signs, barriers and traffic diversions: site will be clearly visible and the public warned of all potential hazards activities  Traffic management system and staff training, especially for site access and near-site heavy traffic. Provision of safe passages and crossings for pedestrians where construction traffic interferes.  Adjustment of working hours to local traffic patterns, e.g. avoiding major transport activities during rush hours or times of livestock movement EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 216 ROADS 217  If required, active traffic management by trained and visible staff at the site for safe passage for the public  Ensuring safe and continuous access to all adjacent office facilities, shops and residences during construction EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 217 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS PART 4: MONITORING PLAN (EXEMPLARY, TO BE EXPANDED AS NEEDED) What Where How When Why Cost Who Phase (Is the parameter (Is the parameter (Is the parameter (Define the (Is the parameter (if not included in (Is responsible for to be to be to be frequency / or being project budget) monitoring?) monitored?) monitored?) monitored?) continuous?) monitored?) site access at the site check if design and before launch of safety of general marginal, within Contractor, Engineer project planning construction public, budget traffic management foresee diligent procedures timely detection of availability of waste at the site waste disposal disposal facilities bottlenecks During activity visual / analytical if in preparation doubt hazardous waste before start of marginal, within inventory (asbestos) in site vicinity rehabilitation works budget; public and workplace on site visual / research in before approval to health and safety (prepare special toxic materials use materials account for analyses construction material databases at PMU?) quality control (eg. paints / solvents) Contractor’s store / building yard dust generation on site and in visual daily avoidance of public marginal, within Contractor, Engineer immediate nuisance budget neighborhood, close consultation of locals to potential impacted During activity noise emissions residents daily supervision at discharge points or visual, analytical if EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 218 ROADS 219 in storage facilities suspicious avoidance of negative impacts on ground/ waste and count of waste daily / continuous surface waters wastewater types, transports off site, quality and volumes check flow rates and ensuring proper waste runoff routes for management and wastewater disposal surface drainage soundness daily / continuous EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 219 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS 6.3.3 Construction Supervision Consultant (Engineer) Responsibilities The CSC will include a part-time International Environmental Specialist (IES) (for 8 weeks per year) and a National Environmental Specialist (NES) for six months per year to assist the PIU supervise and monitor implementation of the EMP during construction of all Project Components (It is assumed that one CSC will cover all Project Lots). The IES shall be degree qualified and have at least ten years of experience environmental monitoring for similar infrastructure projects. The NES must have qualifications and experience in ecology. The main responsibilities of the CSC are as follows: 1. Monitor the Contractor’s implementation of the EMP via weekly inspections of the Contractors camps and work sites by the NES; 2. Prepare Monthly Environmental Reports summarizing the Contractors compliance with the EMP for that particular month; 3. Prepare Quarterly Environmental Reports providing details of the Contractors activities (such as training programs, community meetings, etc) and compliance with the EMP. This activity shall be completed by the IES as part of his four annual trips of two weeks. In the event that the CSC identifies any EMP non-compliance issues by the Contractor, a Non Compliance Notice will be issued to the contractor if the CSC requires action to be taken. The contractor will be required to prepare a corrective action plan which is to be implemented by a date agreed with the CSC. Non-compliance will be ranked according to the following criteria:  Non Compliance Level l: A situation that is not consistent with requirements of the EMP, but not believed to represent an immediate or severe social or environmental risk. Repeated Level I concerns may become Level II concerns if left unattended.  Non Compliance Level II: A situation that has not yet resulted in clearly identified damage or irreversible impact, but which demonstrates potential significance. Level II requires expeditious corrective action and site-specific attention to prevent severe effects. Repeated Level II concerns may become Level III concerns if left unattended.  Non Compliance Level III: A critical situation that will result in significant social or environmental damage occurring or a reasonable expectation of very severe impending damage. Intentional disregard of Non Compliance Notices or specific prohibitions is also classified as a Level III concern. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 220 ROADS 221 The failure to prepare a corrective action plan or to implement it within the required timeframe will result in the Employer undertaking the work at the Contractor’s expense (as will be specified in the Contract). 6.3.4 Contractor Responsibilities The Contractor will appoint a full time Environmental Manager (EM) to be a senior member of the construction management team based on site for the duration of the contract. The EM shall have a university degree (preferably at Masters level) in Environmental Science or related discipline and have at least 10 years work experience in environmental management of infrastructure projects with specialist expertise in ecology. Key responsibilities of the Contractor (through the EM) are as follows:  Preparing the Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) for approval by the Employer (PIU) prior to the Contractors taking possession of the construction site (see below).  Ensuring the CEMP is implemented effectively throughout the construction period.  Coordinating community relations issues through acting as the Contractor’s community relations focal point (proactive community consultation, complaints investigation and grievance resolution).  Establishing and maintaining site records of: - Weekly site inspections using checklists based on CEMP; - Environmental accidents/incidents including resolution activities; - Non-compliance notifications issued by the CSC; - Corrective action plans issued to the CSC in response to non- compliance 
 notices; - Community relations activities including maintaining complaints register; - Monitoring reports; - Routine reporting of CEMP compliance and community liaison activities; and - Adhoc reporting to the CSC of environmental 
 incidents/spillages including actions taken to resolve issues. 
 6.3.5 Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) Following the award of the contract and prior to construction commencing the Contractor will review the EMP and develop this into his detailed Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP). The CEMP will identify EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 221 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS persons who will be responsible for supervising the work within the Contractor’s team. The CEMP will include a matrix of mitigation measures corresponding to specific site activities. This information will be presented on a series of site plans covering the whole project site showing all environmental management requirements for all activities in the construction phase. The CEMP will also include the following plans:  Waste Management and Recycling Plan  Construction Camp Plan  Borrow Pit Plan  Emergency Response Plan  Air Quality Plan  Health and Safety Plan The CEMP will also include a monitoring plan and a reporting program corresponding to the requirements of the EMP. The CEMP will be submitted to ARS PIU and World Bank for review and approval prior to the Contractor taking possession of any work site. It is recommended that the CSC’s international environment specialist supports the Contractor’s Environmental Manager through on the job training in the preparation of the CEMP. It is further recommended that the ARS PIU Safeguards team participate in such on the job training. 6.3.6 Site Induction Following approval of the CEMP by the ARS PIU, the Contractor will be required to attend a site induction meeting with the CSC’s International Environmental Specialist whereby the CEMP is confirmed with the Contractor to ensure that all compliance conditions are clearly understood. Following confirmation of the CEMP with the Contractor the CSC’s International Environmental Specialist advises the CSC Team Leader that the Contractor is now cleared to take possession of the Site and may commence moving equipment to the Site. The Contractor will be responsible for ensuring that all sub-contractors abide by the conditions of the CEMP. 6.3.7 Reporting Contractors Reporting - The Contractor will prepare two levels of environmental reports: 1. Weekly Environmental Checklists – These shall be prepared weekly by the Contractors EM and shall be submitted to the CSC on a weekly basis. A sample Checklist is provided by Appendix G. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 222 ROADS 223 2. Monthly Summary Report - (Maximum 3 pages and appendices, if required) in respect of compliance with EMP/CEMP requirements that will be submitted to the PIU through the CSC. The report will contain the following sections. a. Details of any environmental incidents b. Status of all non-conformance identified during audits and inspections that are 
 identified by non compliance notices. c. Complaints from the public and proactive community relations activities d. Monthly Accident Report e. Waste volumes, types and disposal f. Details of any contaminated areas that have been identified and rehabilitated. g. Details of any archaeological discoveries. h. Details of any ecological issues. i. Other relevant environmental issues. The Contractor will have a duty to immediately report to the CSC if any serious environmental breach has occurred during construction e.g. clearing of sensitive areas, serious oil spills etc. CSC Reporting – The CSC will prepare two levels of environmental reports as follows: Monthly Environmental Report – prepared by the NES and submitted to the ARS, this monthly report shall summarise the Contractors environmental performance based on the Contractors weekly checklists and the weekly site visits by the NES. Quarterly Environmental Report – prepare by the IES and submitted to the ARS, this report shall be more detailed that the monthly monitoring reports and will include findings of the IES site visits to the Contractors work sites and camps. 6.3.8 World Bank responsibilities In regard to implementation of environmental safeguards requirements for the project include: undertaking periodic monitoring of the EMP implementation and due diligence as part of an overall project review mission; and if required, provide advice to ARS in carrying out its responsibilities to implement the EMP for the project. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 223 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS 6.4 PIU CAPACITY BUILDING REQUIREMENTS The PIU has an experienced Safeguard Specialist with strong experience of oversight of these types of road rehabilitation projects. It is not considered necessary for the Safeguard Specialist to undertake additional training from an International Environmental Specialist, however, it is strongly recommended that the World Bank support the PIU by sending the Safeguard Specialist on a study tour to help gain an insight of how Departments of Transport in other countries ensure environmental compliance in their projects. 6.5 EMP COSTS The estimated cost for implementing the mitigation measures and monitoring plan for each Project Lot is provided in Table 6-5 below. These items are those that would not normally be included in general construction budgets, such as PPE, erosion protection measures, septic tanks, vehicle washing bays, etc. The EMP costs during construction shall be part of Contractor’s civil works package. The EMP costs associated with monitoring the Contractors compliance be included in the construction supervision cost (Table 6-6). It is assumed that one CSC will be selected for all Project Lots. The one-off EMP costs associated with Noise modeling and study tours shall be borne by the ARS (Table 6-7). Table 6-5: Contractors EMP Costs Item Unit Quantity Unit Cost Total Environmental Costs - Civil Works (included in contractor's civil work package) Provision of MM 24 2,000 48,000 Environmental Manager Preparation of Lump Sum 1 5,000 5,000 CEMP Turtle and Days 20 150 3,000 EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 224 ROADS 225 Tortoise Collection Fauna surveys Days 10 150 1,500 in properties to be demolished Spill kits Kit 10 250 2,500 Refuse / 500 liter 20 500 10,000 recycling container containers Disposal of Week 104 250 26,000 hazardous waste Dust Day 400 125 50,000 suppression measures Reinstatement Lump sum 2 25,000 50,000 of Borrow pits Tree Survey Lump sum 1 500 500 Tree cutting Tree 50 200 10,000 Planting of Tree 25 600 15,000 trees Maintenance Tree 25 600 15,000 of Trees Seminars and Sessions 48 100 4,800 Training Community Meetings 24 200 4,800 Meetings Total (per lot) 246,100 Table 6-6: CSC EMP Costs Item Unit Quantity Unit Cost Total Environmental Management, Monitoring and Training Costs during Construction EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 225 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS (Included in construction supervision cost) Remuneration and Per Diems IES MM 2 25,000 50,000 NES MM 6 3,000 18,000 Travel International Trip 2 2,000 4,000 Travel Domestic Lump sum 1 20,000 20,000 Travel Total 92,000 Table 6-7: ARS EMP Costs Item Unit Quantity Unit Cost Total Modeling and Monitoring Costs during Design and Training for PIU (Cost for ARS) Noise Lump Sum 1 25,000 25,000 Monitoring and Modeling Study Tour Lump Sum 0.5 10,000 10,000 Total 35,000 6.6 EMP IMPLEMENTATION SUMMARY The following Table (Table 6-6) summarizes the various institutional responsibilities for the implementation of the environmental management plan at various stages of the Project Road rehabilitation. Table 6-6: EMP Implementation Responsible Project Stage Responsibilities Institution EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 226 ROADS 227 Design Detailed Design Prepare noise modeling and propose Consultant noise mitigation measures ARS with the Incorporate EMP mitigation measures Detailed Design into engineering design. Consultant ARS Ensure EMP (and the proposed noise mitigation measures) is incorporated into the works Contracts. ARS Review Contractors proposals to ensure that they are aware of the EMP requirements and that line items for environmental management as per the EMP (and the proposed noise mitigation measures) are included in the BOQ. Pre- Contractor Prepare CEMP construction ARS Review and approve CEMP ARS, Contractor Site Induction and CSC Construction Contractor  Daily monitoring of environmental (through its EM) issues  Preparation of weekly environmental checklists  Preparation of Monthly environmental reports  Preparing Corrective action plans ARS  Routine site visits to monitor Contractors performance.  CSC  Weekly monitoring of the Contractors compliance with EMP by the National Environmental Specialist.  Issuing the Contractor with Non- compliance Notices  Monthly reporting to ARS of Contractors performance based on EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 227 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS the review of Contractors weekly checklists and weekly site visits.  Quarterly Environmental Reports prepared by the IES and submitted to ARS. 6.7 LOCAL ROADS SCREENING As mentioned previously, the selection of the 100 kilometers of local roads has yet to start. To help ensure that the Designers select the most appropriate roads on an environmental basis two environmental procedures should be followed. Firstly, an Environmental Screening Protocol (ESP) should be followed. The ESP (Table 6-7) is a simple checklist that the Designers should complete during site surveys to assess if the Local Roads will have significant environmental impacts, e.g. will they pass through a protected area or wetland, and should they be screened out of the selection process for those particular reasons. If any of the answers to the questions in the ESP are Positive, the designers should strongly consider alternative local roads for selection thereby reducing the potential for significant social and environmental issues arising from construction and operation of these roads. Table 6-7: Local Roads Environmental Screening Protocol Screening Decision # Question Answer (Positive / Negative) 1 Is resettlement or compensation likely to occur due to required land take? 2 Does the Project enter any protected area? 3 Will the project impact upon any sensitive flora or fauna not identified in the Project EIA? 4 Is the Project likely to have any significant impacts to sensitive receptors, such as EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 228 ROADS 229 schools, hospitals, etc? Secondly, once the final decisions have been made regarding the local roads to be rehabilitated, the Design Consultant shall prepare site specific EMPs for each local road. The generic Local Roads EMP provided herewith as Table 6-3 and 6-3A provide most of the mitigation measures required for such projects. However, during the design phase the Design Consultant should review the conditions of each Local Road and evaluate if the generic EMP provided needs to be updated to include additional levels of mitigation and monitoring. To complete this task the Contractor should undertake a site visit to each specific road and complete the Environmental Checklist which is provided as Appendix G. Figure 6-1 illustrates the procedure outlined above. Detailed Design Consultant Identifies Potential Project Road Detailed Design Consultant Completes ESP Detailed Design Consultant Detailed Design Consultant Selects Road based on ESP Rejects Road based on ESP conclusions conclusions Detailed Design Consultant Completes Environmental Checklist Detailed Design Consultant or CSC updates Generic EMP based on the checklist findings PIU Reviews and approves updated EMP EMP added to Contract and Bid documents EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 229 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 230 ROADS 231 7. STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS 7.1 GENERAL According to OP4.01 “For all Category A and B projects proposed for IBRD or IDA financing, during the EA process, the borrower consults project-affected groups and local nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) about the project's environmental aspects and takes their views into account. The borrower initiates such consultations as early as possible�. Accordingly, this section of the report provides the results of the consultations undertaken during the preparation of this EIA report. 7.2 METHODOLOGY Consultations were undertaken in four locations within three Rayons were the Project roads are located:  Neftchela (29th May, 2014)  Salyan (29th May, 2014)  Sabiribad (30th May, 2014)  Shirvan (30th May, 2014) The consultations were undertaken with a range of stakeholders, including local government officials and local residents. Appendix A provides the names and details of all of the persons consulted. During each meeting, the Consultant gave a presentation, via powerpoint (reproduced as handouts for each participant) summarizing the findings of the Environmental Impact Assessment. The presentation included:  Summary of the EIA process  Impacts Identified  Mitigations measures proposed  Monitoring actions. The stakeholders were then invited to express their opinions on the findings of the EIA both verbally during the meeting, or in writing by completing a short form. The comments have been collated into a table included within Appendix A and Section 7.3 provides a summary of the main points raised during the consultation process. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 231 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS 7.3 CONSULTATION FINDINGS Several comments were made about the provision of animal underpasses for cattle mainly to prevent accidents occurring when the animals cross the road. However, no specific locations were recommended for these underpasses during the meetings. The Design Consultant will therefore be responsible for ensuring that an adequate number of animal underpasses are provided. A question was raised about detours, and if alternative access roads would be provided. The PIU responded that the Contractor will inform the local communities about the Contractors traffic management plan. A few comments were made regarding the need for suitable culverts in particular locations. The Design Consultant shall ensure that all designs include correct sizes and locations of culverts. One comment was raised regarding tree cutting and that it should not be allowed. Limited tree cutting will however be an unavoidable consequence of the Project. One participant of the meetings noted that reallocation/ replacement of trees in the ROW should be undertaken upon approval of Expertise Division of the Ministry of Ecology and National Resources. Some local residents also expressed the view that the Contractor should employ local workers during the Project, as there is a strong capacity within the Project area for this type of work. This item has already been included with the EMP. Many comments were raised about road safety, some wanted a higher speed limit and other a lower speed limit. Speed bumps and speed cameras were also requested to limit the speed of traffic on the roads. Comments were made about the radius on some curves being dangerous and that this issue should be addressed. Residents also commented on the need for pedestrian crossings and road signs. The PIU commented that the Design Consultant will ensure that the roads meets all of the technical requirements for road safety. Comments were also received about the need to ensure timely transportation of construction wastes from the road sides during construction works. This issue is discussed within the Project EMP. Another participant in the meetings requested that we locate construction camps and aggregates not 300, but 500 meters from the residential areas. Accordingly the EMP has been updated to include this item. Finally, many comments were also received regarding the benefits of the Project, in particular participants in the meetings felt that it will improve access to education facilities and that it would improve access to markets. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 232 ROADS 233 Figure 7-1: Consultations in Salyan Figure 7-2: Consultations in Sabiribad EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 233 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS 8. CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS 8.1 CONCLUSIONS This EIA has established that there are no significant environmental issues that can not be either totally prevented or adequately mitigated to levels acceptable Azerbaijani and international standards for all Project activities. 8.2 RECOMMENDATIONS The EMP, its mitigation and monitoring programs, contained herewith shall be included within the Bidding documents for project works for all Project components. The Bid documents state that the Contractor shall be responsible for the implementation of the requirements of the EMP through his own Construction Environmental Management Plan which will adopt all of the conditions of the EMP and add site specific elements that are not currently known, such as the Contractors borrow pit locations. This ensures that all potential bidders are aware of the environmental requirements of the Project and its associated environmental costs. The EMP and all its requirements shall then be added to the Contractors Contract, thereby making implementation of the EMP a legal requirement according to the Contract. He shall then prepare his CEMP which will be approved and monitored by the CSC. Should the CSC note any non- conformance with the CEMP (and the EMP) the Contractor can be held liable for breach of the contractual obligations of the EMP. To ensure compliance with the CEMP the Contractor should employ an Environmental Manager to monitor and report Project activities throughout the Project Construction phase. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 234 ROADS 235 EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 235 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS APPENDIX A - RECORDS OF CONSULTATION MEETINGS EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 236 ROADS 237 Public participation, May 29, 30, 2014. Disclosure of Resettlement Policy Framework Document, Socio-Economic Study and Environmental Impact Assessment Reports to the community. Name of Question/ To be Village/ Rayon Responden Respond considered Settlement Comment t by Salyan Kurgaragash Mammado Will the road to Local Roads are to li v Abbas Kurqaraqashli be identified during Abdulla village from Design Stage of the the Salyan- Project. The Neftchala community will be Road be additionally rehabilitated? informed on the local roads identified for rehabilitation. Arbatan Safarov Will the road to Local Roads are to Akif Alaskar Xurshud be be identified during included to Design Stage of the project local Project. The roads? community will be additionally informed on the local roads identified for reconstruction. Kurgaragash Mammado Please - For the li v Abbas consider vide attention of Abdulla size for the Design underpasses Consultant Duzenlik Zeynalov 1. If the road Resettlement is Agazade will be aimed to be Amniyyat rehabilitate avoided, unless the d migration necessary changes of the in the design villagers will (required by road be safety purposes) will stopped. be resulted in 2. In case of private/ state resettleme property impact. By nt the completion of villagers will Design Study the not send locals will have been their land. additionally 3. The informed on impact, schoolchild if any. ren cannot attempt As alternative the schools impacted EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 237 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS due to landowners might terrible be offered land for road land. In case of any conditions; impact to private villagers property the cannot impacted people take their will be met and all products to their rights and the market entitlements that in turn explained. leads to poverty. We all thankful to you for your work. Duzenlik Melikov When road 2015 Rustem construction Sadiq works will start? Construction of No, this a part of the road to another Project, Kura River Highway II, that is (Salyan) is currently undergo. included to this Project? Kursayli Askerov When road 2015 Vilayet construction Samad works will start? Yolustu Bashirov Add Ilkin Yaqub construction of Duzenli village road to the Project scope. Xalach Qarayev When Start of construction Safar construction works is planned in Adalat works will be 2015. Duration – 2 started and year and half. when completed. Reconstruction For the of underpasses particular and culverts attention of during the Design construction EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 238 ROADS 239 roads; Consultant provision of agricultural underpasses for cattle. Xalach Aliyev Due to terrible Seyfali conditions of Sadiq the roads within our village movement in the village becomes very limited. The soonest improvement of the local roads will positively impact to the villager’s income. Neftchal Ashagi Surra Tagiyev Please a Elshad consider Tavakkul construction of runabout connecting village AshagI Surra with highway Ashagi Surra Nagiyev Speed limit of 50km/h speed will Tahir Nagi 50 km/h is too be designed only for low for modern the road sections vehicle means. going through the Please residential areas. In consider the the plain areas the design for speed of 100km/h higher speed. will be designed. If construction Construction of any of any barriers barriers and the is considered? level of the road will How much the be specified by the road level will Design Consultant. be increased? Yes. The Contractor Will be will additionally provision of inform the local any alternative communities about roads during traffic management EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 239 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS construction plan, including this works point. considered? The rayon M.R. Please For the Gaz Gozelov consider the particular maintenanc land slop area attention of e at Qaravelli the Design Department, named place. Consultant Senior Engineer The ones without Who are legal titles unauthorized and rights users? to use the land cultivate it, build house or any other constructio ns on it, making profit from its usage. Boyat Qafarov In the area of For the Asif Safar Dordlar village particular and Khilli attention of settlement of the Design the Salyan- Consultant Neftchala highway please consider placement of additional deep culverts for under road For the waters particular attention of the Design We Consultant recommend destroying the black staff at the bottom of the current road. If not, For the then this staff particular will hold the attention of EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 240 ROADS 241 water that will the Design in turn cause Consultant destruction of the road. Simplification of the fast corner on the Boyat road Shirvan Ibrahimova The Salyan Abida road has Rufulla terrible conditions. Especially we are unhappy with the condition of the road going to Hajiqahramanli settlement of Shirvan. Hajiqahram Abdullayev The Shirvan- anli a Solmaz Salyan road is settlement Aga in terrible condition. I am against of trees cutting in the new project. Please also consider reconstruction of the streets’ roads within the Hajiqahramanli settlement Hajiyeva The Shirvan- Almara Salyan road is Bazatkhan in terrible condition. Please accelerate reconstruction works. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 241 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS The Central Abdulrahm I am not Post office anova satisfied with of Shirvan Gulbaniz the Salyan- Shirvan road current conditions. I live in Shirvan and have to travel to Qarabagli village of Salyan Rayon since my parents live there. I have difficulties while travelling For the to Salyan. attention of Roads are the Design terrible! Consultant Request: Please place grates at the road named Ganli Dere (at the both sides of the so- named Ganli Dere) on the Shirvan-Qaragli section of the highway Hasanli The Shirvan- Qachay Salyan road is Farrux in a poor condition. We all are willing the soonest reconstruction of the road. Will start 2015 When the reconstruction will take place? EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 242 ROADS 243 Gancaliye We have Will be v Saleh strong recommended to ugur capacity in the the Contractor road during construction construction stage and maintenance sphere. Thus, it is recommended to use local capacity in the project works. Yes Yes Will you consider provision of pedestrian crossings? Road signs? Ibrahimov Usage of Tofiq Elxan internal human capacity in road construction sector is meaningful. Askerov Reallocation/ To the Safahat replacement attention of Vaqif of trees in the the PIU, ROW shall be Design undertaken Engineer, upon approval Contractor of Expertise and the Division of the Constructio Ministry of n Ecology and Supervision National Engineer Resources; Ensure timely transportation of construction wastes from the road sides during construction works; EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 243 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Ensure implementatio n of EIA requirements; Ensure respond to contact telephone numbers of the Contractors during construction works (in case of grievances, complains) Ensure provision of alternative roads Salimov Pay attention Farhad to the quality of work, pay in time to workers, appropriately spending of the allocated fund, all needed conditions for the workers to be provided Rahimov Needed Faxraddin project, please ensure its implementatio n on time. Mustafaye Thank you for va Pari such a Project! Yusif I travel to Salyan quite a lot. We wish the soonest completion of the works. Start is planned for EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 244 ROADS 245 the year of 2015. Duration – 2,5 year. When do you expect the start and completion of the works? Not within this Project scope. We will recommend to Will this project the Government include through adding your reconstruction request to the of Sarijalal report’s Public settlement Consultation road of Saatli Minutes. (between Sabirabad and Saatli rayons). If not, please consider reconstruction of this road also. Haciqahram Muradov Locate anli Tarlan construction settlement camps and aggregates not 300, but 500 meters from the residential To the areas; attention of the Design Please Consultant consider plantation at the road sides after completion of construction works; Please consider potential flood risk at the Hagigahraman li settlement section of the road Haciyev Will the locals Yes To the Sakit Amir be given jobs attention of EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 245 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS in the the construction Contractor works ? s Unit of the Don’t leave To the Garabag the wastes attention of War produced the Design Veterans during Consultant replacement and the of under road Contractor communicatio n utilities; Maximize number of To the underpasses; attention of provide the Design maximum Consultant number of U- and turnes considering lots of villages connecting with the highway; provide underpasses for animals; In the Garabagli village area place foot paces for schoolchildren and villagers Ahadov When will you Start is planned for Bakikhan start and when the year of 2015. will you finish Duration – 2,5 year. works? Not within the scope When the of this Project. roads at the newly set residential area in the village will be EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 246 ROADS 247 paved? Gulmamm Would be It is considered by To the ad good to widen the design attention of Abbasov the road up to the Design 9m Consultant Please increase number of To the road signs attention of the Design Consultant Please minimize number of fast corners Abulhasan Good project. To the Ibrahimov attention of Agasav Currently there the Design is very limited Consultant number of road signs. If the road side signs at night Will be considered time are by the Design placed Consultant correctly on both sides of the road then driver will be able to see where the road turns and To the driving will be attention of safe. Especially the Design at the road Consultant turns. Can you minimize number of turns on the road? It would decrease number of To the accidents. attention of the Design Consultant Is it possible to place water EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 247 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS outlet culverts (like concrete channel, etc..) at the sections of the road passing through the residential areas? Sabiraba Most of the d people request soonest starts of constructio n works and widening of the road. Yolchiyev The road must Afqan be Yolchu rehabilitated and please widen the road. Yakha- Amirov My only Dellek Agaselim concern is Vahid reconstruction of the road. The way that takes 10 mintus we travel for 40-50 minuts. Amortization costs of the vehicle increases, it is getting difficult to transport ill and sick people to hospitals. It is dusty in summer and muddy in winter seasons. Garagaj Orkhan Speed limit to To the be considered. attention of EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 248 ROADS 249 Ismaylov In order to the Design control speed Consultant limit please provide radars and road humps, also, pedestrian crossings and bus stops. Polat-Togay Habiba Replacement The community will To the Khuduzade of gas pipes be informed. attention of during work the construction Contractor works will interrupt gas supply. What happens with the street roads? Minbashi Rasim Please provide To the Malikov side-paths in attention of both sides, as the Design well as warning Consultant signs in front of the school. Garagaj Sadi While road To the Damirov construction attention of works please the Design control the Consultant speed limit by provision of road hums Dallek Zahid My Amirov disappointmen t is that too small distance of local roads (100km) will be rehabilitated within this project. Garagaj Agamir My Aliyev disappointmen t is that too small distance of local roads (100km) will be rehabilitated within this EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 249 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS project. Faqan Some of us are Imanov concerned with too narrow roads and provision of road hums. Lightening of the road will be useful. Garagaj Orujev Require animal To the Rashad underpasses attention of for cattle, the Design since their Consultant absence cause accidents. Garagaj Vasif We believe Huseynov that the new road will be of high quality, since currently as a result of the bad conditions vehicle being destroyed and must be repaired, busses cannot operate properly. Please accelerate the 35 meters away from road the both sides of the construction centerline works. What is authorized distance from the road to open the business? Garagaj Nurlan Good road Zalov design, would be even better if the main EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 250 ROADS 251 streets in the villages would have been also considered Garagaj Miralakbar Ensure To the Fatullayev provision of the attention of Islam road hums, the Design radars and Consultant side-paths in the road. Will you provide road hum near the school? Azadkend Guliyev Who will be the Will be clarified Habib Misir Contractor, during design stage. when start? Locals will be Will the road informed on any side property impact. constructions be affected? Garagaj Balayev The design Ibrahimpas must control ha Aliislam high speed in the residential areas. The project delays. Minbashi Ismaylov Too small Samadaga distance of Bahman local roads distance considered in the project. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 251 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS List of Persons Consulted - Neftchela, May 29, 2014 EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 252 ROADS 253 EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 253 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS List of Persons Consulted - Salyan, 29th May, 2014 EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 254 ROADS 255 EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 255 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS List of Persons Consulted - Shirvan, 30th May, 2014 EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 256 ROADS 257 EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 257 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS List of Persons Consulted - Sabiribad, 30th May 2014 EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 258 ROADS 259 EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 259 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 260 ROADS 261 EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 261 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS APPENDIX B – ENVIRONMENTAL MAPPING EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 262 ROADS 263 Figure B-1: Geology of Azerbaijan EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 263 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Figure B-2: Topography of Azerbaijan EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 264 ROADS 265 EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 265 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Figure B-3: Soils in the Project Area EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 266 ROADS 267 Figure B-4: Soil Salinization in the Project Area EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 267 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Figure B-5: Wind rose for Salyan N 30 25 SW NE 20 15 10 5 Ali-Bayramly W 0 E Salyan SW SE S Table 5.2 shows selected air quality standards in Azerbaijan. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 268 ROADS For a given moment For 24 hours Dust 0.15 0.03 Sulphur dioxide 0.30 0.20 Carbon monoxide 3.00 2.00 Nitrogen dioxide 0.08 0.07 Lead and its compounds (except 0.001 0.0002 269 Figure B-6: Precipitation in the Project Area EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 269 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Figure B-7: Ecological Condition of the Kur River EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 270 ROADS 271 Figure B-8: Groundwater Depths in the Project Area. Figure B-9: Seismic Zones in the Project Area EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 271 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 272 ROADS 273 ANNEX C – GREIVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM C-1 GENERAL In order to receive and facilitate the resolution of affected peoples’ concerns, complaints, and grievances about the project’s environmental performance an Environmental Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) will be established for each project component. The mechanism will be used for addressing any complaints that arise during the implementation of projects. In addition, the GRM will include a proactive component whereby at the commencement of construction of each project (prior to mobilization) the community will be formally advised of project implementation details by ARS, the Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC) and the Contractor (designs, scheduled activities, access constraints etc) so that all necessary project information is communicated effectively to the community and their immediate concerns can be addressed. This proactive approach with communities will be pursued throughout the implementation of each project. The GRM will address affected people's concerns and complaints proactively and promptly, using an understandable and transparent process that is gender responsive, culturally appropriate, and readily accessible to all segments of the affected people at no costs and without retribution. The mechanism will not impede access to the Azerbaijan’s judicial or administrative remedies. C-2 REDRESS COMMITTEE, FOCAL POINTS, COMPLAINTS REPORTING, RECORDING AND MONITORING The Grievance Redress Mechanism, which will be established at each project level (R45, R46 and Local Roads) is described below: A pre-construction public consultation meeting will be convened by ARS for each project and attended by local residents, Contractor, CSC, ARS PIU representative and other interested parties. The objectives of the meeting will be as follows: 1. Introduction of key personnel of each stakeholder including roles and responsibilities. This will include introducing the Contractors Environmental Specialist to the group who organize and hold the monthly meetings. 2. Presentation of project information of immediate concern to the communities by the contractor (timing and location of specific construction activities, design issues, access constraints etc.) This will include a brief summary of the EMP – its purpose and implementation arrangements; EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 273 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS 3. Elicit and address the immediate concerns of the community based on 
 information provided above Following the pre-construction public consultation meeting regular monthly meetings will be scheduled by the Contractors ES within local communities to discuss any environmental and social issues and complaints associated with the construction activity. The Contractor shall prepare a schedule for the consultations which shall also be attended by the CSC. The contact details of the Contractors ES will also be provided to the local communities so that they may register any complaints outside of the meetings. The Contractors ES will keep a complaints register at his camp so that the ARS PIU and the CSC can review the complaints received and the methods to resolve the issues raised. To help facilitate this process above ARS will assist affected communities/villages identify local representatives to act as Grievance Focal Points (GFP) for each community/village. GFPs are designated personnel from within the community who will be responsible for i) acting as community representatives in formal meetings between the project team (Contractor, CSC, ARS PIU) and the local community he/she represents and ii) communicating community members’ grievances and concerns to the contractor during project implementation. The number of GFPs to be identified for each project will depend on the number and distribution of affected communities. It is anticipated that for the R45 and R46 Projects GFPs for villages within 2km of the proposed alignments could be required. In addition, ARS will also keep track of the status of all complaints through the Monthly Environmental Monitoring Report submitted by the Contractor to the CSC and will ensure that they are resolved in a timely manner. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 274 ROADS 275 ANNEX D – VEHICLE WASHING BAY DESIGNS EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 275 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 276 ROADS 277 ANNEX E – CONTRACTOR CHECKLISTS Answer Work Sector / Activity or Item / # Comments / Actions Issue Yes No 1 Contractors Camp 1.1 Are all storage tanks for hazardous liquids located within impermeable bunded areas? 1.2 Are spill kits, or spill containment measures available in the areas of stored hazardous liquids? 1.3 Have there been any spills of leaks of liquids on the site? If yes, note type, location and amount of spill. 1.4 Are waste storage containers located in the areas specified in the EMP? 1.5 Are hazardous and non-hazardous wastes stored separately? 1.6 Are hazardous waste liquids stored in suitable containers within a concrete bund? 1.7 Are mobile generators stored within bunds? 1.8 Are waste storage containers / areas clearly labeled? 1.9 Are waste storage areas clean and tidy? 1.10 Are records of hazardous waste disposal up to date? 1.11 Are all waste materials stored at least 100 meters from surface water courses? 1.12 Are fueling areas located on hardstanding with bunding or adequate drainage? EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 277 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS 1.13 Have there been any leaks or spills from fueling areas. 1.14 Are drip pans placed below valves in fueling areas? 1.15 Is washing of vehicles occurring in the correct vehicle washing areas? 1.16 Are liquid wastes from the vehicle washing areas being collected and disposed of by a licensed company? If so, indicate date of last collection and provide manifest. 1.17 Have silt levels been monitored in the vehicle washing areas to prevent overflowing? 1.18 Are maintenance areas located on impermeable concrete with appropriate bunding or drainage? 1.20 Have there been any leaks of oils in other parts of the site where maintenance activities have occurred? 1.21 Is appropriate PPE available for workers handling hazardous materials? 1.22 Do workers have access to potable water? 1.23 Is there any discharge of contaminated waste water to surface water or to bare soils 1.24 Is site waste water discharged to a septic tank? If yes, how often is the waste water collected by a licensed contractor? 2 Contractors Site Works 2.1 Have any interruptions to utilities been recorded? EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 278 ROADS 279 2.2 Have access roads been kept open to local residents? 2.3 Have the access routes used for hauling materials been cleaned on a regular basis (state locations and periods of cleaning) 2.4 Is dust suppression being undertaken on a regular basis? 2.5 Are trucks delivering friable materials covering their load with tarps? 2.6 Are there any stockpiles of materials within 100 meters of any river or water course? 2.7 Are procedures in place for the control of stockpiled materials during periods of high winds? 2.8 Are there any material stockpiles higher than three meters? 2.9 Is there any sign of soil erosion occurring on embankments? 2.10 Has topsoil been preserved in excavated areas? 2.11 Has there been any discharge of contaminated water to surface waters or irrigation channels? 2.12 Have there been any changes or alterations to irrigation systems? 2.13 Have any construction materials or spoil been dumped on private lands without permission? 2.14 Have waste materials been removed from river banks at the location of any bridge works? 2.15 Is there evidence of waste materials deposited in any river? 2.16 Is there any burning of waste materials in residential areas? EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 279 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS 2.17 Have there been any chance finds of historical or archeological artifacts? 2.18 Have bridges been inspected prior to demolition for signs of nesting Lesser Kestrels? 2.19 Have ponds and lagoons affected by project works been checked for turtles and tortoises, and have they been relocated to alternative areas if found? 2.20 Have there been any impacts to any other flora or fauna habitat during works? 2.21 Are waste containers (for both nonhazardous and hazardous waste) available at temporary construction sites? 3 Asphalt Plant 3.1 Are bitumen drums or containers, full or used stored on open permeable ground? 3.2 Have there been any leaks or spills from bitumen storage areas onto open ground? 3.3 Are all storage tanks for hazardous liquids located within impermeable bunded areas? 3.4 Are spill kits, or spill containment measures available in the areas of stored hazardous liquids? 3.5 Have there been any spills of leaks of liquids on the site? If yes, note type, location and amount of spill. 3.6 Are waste storage containers located on the site? 3.7 Are hazardous and non-hazardous wastes stored separately? EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 280 ROADS 281 3.8 Are hazardous waste liquids stored in suitable containers within a concrete bund? 3.9 Has any hazardous waste been disposed of or stored in the incorrect locations? 3.10 Have any hazardous solids or liquids been dumped outside of waste storage areas? 3.11 Are waste storage containers / areas clearly labeled? 3.12 Are waste storage areas clean and tidy? 3.13 Are records of hazardous waste disposal up to date? 3.14 Are fueling areas located on hardstanding with bunding or adequate drainage? 3.15 Have there been any leaks or spills from fueling areas. 3.16 Are drip pans placed below valves in fueling areas? 3.17 Is washing of vehicles occurring in the correct vehicle washing areas? 3.18 Are liquid wastes from the vehicle washing areas being collected and disposed of by a licensed company? If so, indicate date of last collection and provide manifest. 3.19 Have silt levels been monitored in the vehicle washing areas to prevent overflowing? 3.20 Is appropriate PPE available for workers handling hazardous materials? 3.21 Do workers have access to potable water? 3.22 Is there any discharge of EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 281 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS contaminated waste water to surface water or to bare soils 3.23 Is site waste water discharged to a septic tank? If yes, how often is the waste water collected by a licensed contractor? 4 Borrow Pits 4.1 Are control measures in place at borrow pits to prevent overloading of transport vehicles? 4.2 Have borrow pits been re-instated as per the borrow pit plan? 4.3 Are dust suppression measures being implemented on borrow haul routes? 5 Grievance Mechanism 5.1 Have any grievances been recorded? If yes provide details. 5.2 Have there been any complaints about access issues by residents? 5.3 Have their been any complaints from residents regarding noise, or air quality? 5.4 Have their been any complaints from residents regarding noise, or air quality at borrow pit locations? 5.5 Have there been any complaints by residents regarding impacts to irrigation or agricultural areas? 6 Monitoring 6.1 Has the quality of the water used for domestic needs (in the accommodation, bathrooms and kitchens) been monitored during the period? If so, attach results. EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 282 ROADS 283 6.2 Have noise levels been monitored during the period? If so, attach results. 6.3 Have vibration levels been monitored during the period? If so, attach results. 6.4 Have dust levels been monitored during the period? If so, attach results. 6.5 Has water quality in surface waters been monitored during the period? If so, attach results. EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 283 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS ANNEX F – LOCAL ROADS ENVIRONMENTAL CHECKLISTS Local Roads Environmental Checklist Road Name: Rayon Total Length of Road Location of the Road Area Yes No Chainage Explanation (including distance of trees, houses, wetlands, etc from road shoulder) Agricultural land Wetlands Urban Pastureland Forest / Woodland Protected Area Description of the Environment Parameter/component Yes No Chainag Explanation e Is the area along the project road prone to flooding? Is the area along the project road subject to any other natural hazard? Is there any special status flora or habitat within 500 meters of the road? Is there any bird migration area within EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 284 ROADS 285 500 meters of the road? Is there any surface water course within 50 meters of the project road? Is there any sensitive noise receptors within 500 meters of the Project road? Environmental Impacts Potential Impacts - will Yes No Chainage Mitigation the project cause: Encroachment on historical/cultural areas? Disfiguration of landscape by road embankments, cuts, fills, and quarries? Encroachment on precious ecology (e.g. sensitive or protected areas)? Alteration of surface water hydrology of waterways crossed by roads, resulting in increased sediment in streams affected by increased soil erosion at construction site? Impacts to water quality from discharged water? Pollution due to due to poor sanitation and solid waste disposal in construction camps and work sites? Possible transmission of communicable diseases from workers to local populations? Deterioration of surface water quality due to silt runoff? EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 285 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS Increased local air pollution due to rock crushing, cutting and filling works, and chemicals from asphalt processing? Noise and vibration due to blasting and other civil works? Dislocation or involuntary resettlement of people? Creation of temporary breeding habitats for mosquito vectors of disease? Accident risks associated with increased vehicular traffic leading to loss of life? Dust from the transport of materials? Permits Required before works commencement Prmit Yes No Remarks For water extraction For borrow pits For tree cutting For disposal of waste Submitted by (Design Consultant): Position: Date Reviewed by (PIU Staff): Position: Date: Notes from Reviewer: EA - SHIRVAN – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & ASSOCIATED LOCAL 286 ROADS 287 EIA - SHIRVAN – NOXUDLU – SALAYN ROAD (R45), SALYAN – NEFTCHALA ROAD (R46) & 287 ASSOCIATED LOCAL ROADS