E4253 V2 REV Environmental, Social , and Cultural Heritage Impact Assessment to Support the Hebron Governorate Wastewater Management Project ESCHIA REPORT (EXECUTIVE SUMMARY) 21 Sep 2014 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT Executive Summary 0.1 General The project under consideration aims at developing the wastewater management in Hebron Governorate. Hebron city is facing severe environmental, social, and public health problems due to the pollution of wadi as-Samen by raw sewage and wastewater from industries and stone cutting facilities, flowing through the open wadi towards the Green Line. The project is one of the major infrastructure projects funded by the World Bank in cooperation with the Agence Francaise Developpement (afd). It came as a complimentary to several conducted studies which were support by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) within the period 2002-2006.The project includes development of a feasibility study and preliminary design for a wastewater treatment and trunk sewer for Hebron, Hebron Governorate. That is to improve the environmental conditions in the area and contribute to minimizing the taxes imposed on the Palestinian Authority by the Israeli Occupation in return of the claimed treatment of wastewater. The proponent for the project is Hebron Municipality, whereas the Palestinian Water Authority (PWA) is managing the project and is the client. The City of Hebron is served by a combined sewer system with more than 70% of the current population connected to the system. Currently, most of the municipal sewage entering the system from the City and its environs is discharged directly to Wadi as-Samen just south of the City. The area served by the existing sewerage system is also characterized by the presence of many stone and marble-cutting industries which also discharge their wastewater to the sewer system. This leads to high concentrations of sawdust in the wastewater reaching the sewers and eventually the Wadi. The untreated sewage and wastewater eventually flow along Wadias-Samen south towards the green line, causing adverse environmental impacts to the eastern aquifer and to the communities along the Wadi. This was identified as a serious issue as far back as the 1970’s and plans for a regional solution for the wastewater for Hebron city and the surrounding communities were developed but not implemented because of lack of funding. In response to the urgent need to address this outstanding issue within the Hebron Governorate, the PAW has requested the donor community to mobilize financial and technical support for the Hebron wastewater management project. This Project has an estimated cost of US$ 35 - 40 million for the first phase and would be financed by a consortium of multilateral and bilateral partners including the afd and the World Bank. In addition to improving the inadequate management of the sanitation infrastructure in Hebron, the proposed Project aims to achieve the following objectives: • To provide treatment to wastewater collected in the City of Hebron sewer system so that discharges meet current effluent discharge criteria; • To protect the environment downstream of the WWTP including the eastern aquifer, from the discharge of untreated wastewater as currently exists; • To generally improve the health and well-being of the residents along Wadi as-Samen; 2 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT • To provide treated wastewater capable for use in irrigation so as to supplement the current water resources in the area; • To reduce the annual wastewater treatment charges by the Israeli occupation to the Palestinian Authority (PA). Environmental, social and cultural heritage consequences for the Hebron wastewater management project are identified and considered. World Bank environmental safeguards, environmental compliance procedures and regulations are adopted, and established to study the reasonably foreseeable significant effects, both beneficial and adverse, of the proposed project. Environmental compliance involves conducting an Environmental, Social and Cultural Heritage Impact Assessment (ESCHIA). This ESCHIA is conducted by the Universal Group for Engineering Consulting and Center for Engineering Consulting (CEC), and is subject to the review and approval by several local and international agencies, such as the Palestinian Water Authority (PWA), Ministry of Environment Affairs (MEnA) in addition to the AfD and the World Bank in order to ensure environmental compliance prior to project commencement and during project implementation. 0.2 Regional legal frameworks concerning wastewater reuse and sludge management and reuse and other national and international standards and guidelines Lesson learned from regional experience (Jordan, Israel and Egypt) was assessed beside the common practice of treated wastewater reuse and sludge management and reuse; the quality standard of different countries within the region was assessed for comparison with the Palestinian standard. In addition, national and international standards and guidelines were reviewed during the course of conduction The study. 0.3 World Bank Safeguard Policies and Guidelines Among the ten safeguard policies of the WB, four are considered by the Consultant to be relevant to the WBWWPP and have been taken into account during this ESCHIA study: • Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01) • Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12) • Disclosure (OP 17.50) • Cultural Property (OPN 11.03) Based on the review and consultation with the local community only 9 landowners will be affected by the proposed access road (alongside the Wadi). The nine (9) landowners voluntarily offered their lands located within the Access Road with width of six (6) meters subject to ensure the following benefits to the them as follow: a) The Access Road shall be asphalted in six (6) meters width. b) The Landowners shall benefit from the road access, the electricity, the water, the effluent, all in accordance based on their actual needs and in accordance with procedures and conditions set out by HM for receiving such services. In consistency with above, it is confirmed that there are no impacts as per the Bank's Operational Policy 4.12 under the entire associated facility financed by USAID. A confirmation letter from 3 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT HM to PWA confirms that there is no objection from the land owners and that the land is voluntarily agreed with them (attached in Annex VI in this executive summary). 0.4 Project Description The proposed Hebron wastewater management project constitutes of three phases: • Phase I: Design and implementation of a wastewater treatment plan, and the design and implementation of a major 1 km long sewer trunk line, to transport wastewater from the sewage network in the city of Hebron down to the location of the proposed WWTP. • Phase II: reclamation of infrastructure in agricultural land, through re-use of treated effluent and solid waste for agricultural purposes. A reservoir will be built to collect treated effluent to be used for irrigation in the summer season. Approximately, 4,000 acres of agricultural land will be irrigated in the region, which include the plains of Yatta, Wadi as-Sammen, in addition to Al Frejat area in winter season. The second phase also includes the design and construction of water transmission lines from the treatment plant to nearby reclaimed agricultural land. • Phase III: building the necessary capacity for management, coordination and evaluation of the project by the establishment of a Project Implementation Unit (PIU). By time a full financial support is secured, only the first phase of the project will be implemented. The project will serve the city of Hebron in the first phase and will later be expanded to serve other communities. 0.5 Project Components Phase I of the proposed project includes the design of a WWTP for the city of Hebron, in addition to a major sewer trunk line (about 1 km and 1.5 meters in diameter) for the transfer of sewage from the network in the city of Hebron down to the proposed treatment plant site. It is agreed that the access road and the sewer line and the entire required infrastructure will be constructed alongside the Wadi. And the local community (that their lands will be affected) voluntarily provided their lands for this purpose. The proposed site of the WWTP is located around 4 kilometers to the south from the city of Hebron within its municipal boundaries in Al Hileh area. The proposed site is relatively flat and is subject to flooding in winter (Flood Plain).The location is not directly surrounded by residential areas, where the nearest residential community is about 400 m areal from the proposed site for the treatment plant. The proposed site includes about 110 dunums of agricultural land owned by the PWA. The proposed WWTP will consist of the following main parts: • Screw Pump • First Screening • Grit Chamber • Primary Sedimentation Tanks • Basins Ventilation Aeration Tanks • Secondary Sedimentation Tanks 4 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT • Secondary treatment sludge Thickener Secondary Sludge Thickener • Anaerobic Digester • Sludge Dewatering • Effluent Building • Gas Complex • Maintenance and Administration Buildings The sewer trunk line will be designed to flow by gravity where possible, and will be lined along the course of the valley until the proposed site for the WWTP. The design will be based on the amount of wastewater flowing from the sewage network of the city of Hebron, and will take into account the storm water that flows directly into the network. The WWTP will be designed to serve the residents of Hebron initially by the population projections for year 2027, which is about 260,000 beneficiaries equivalent to 15,000 m3 in the first phase. In the future, the project aims at serving the neighboring communities of Yatta, Al Fawwar Camp, Hadb Al Fawwar, Halhoul, Bani Na'im, Al Rihiyyeh. It is important to note here that the industrial activities in the southern region of the city of Hebron, such as stone cutting facilities, slaughterhouses and tanneries will not be connected to the proposed treatment plant. The WWTP will be expanded as required resulting from expanding the service to the communities around the site. The expansion will include pumping stations and sewer systems for communities that will be served in the future as well as carrier lines to include other areas that cannot be served by gravity (like some areas in Yatta). The number of treatment units at the WWTP will also be increased, such as sedimentation ponds and sludge thickeners. The World Bank and the French Development Agency (afd) are funding the studies and design phases, whereas the tender for the construction of the trunk line and the WWTP will be released in 2013, with expected period for construction of two years. 0.6 Scoping Based on the scoping on environmental, social, and culture heritage impacts, negative impacts are estimated to be minor during construction works and system operation. However, impact mitigation measures shall be required for the following issues anticipated during main trunk sewer installation and construction works: • Countermeasures for noise/vibration and traffic hazard during installation works. • Preservation measures for cultural ruins and cultural heritage values and sites. • Countermeasures for dust hazard during project installation works. • As generation of considerable amount of construction and solid waste is anticipated, solid waste management plan shall be prepared. • Measures for enhancing public awareness and social cooperation as a direct impact of the project. The followings are work items for Environmental, Social, and cultural Heritage Consideration covered by the ESCHIA: • Summarization of detailed current situation and future development in environmental and social conditions. 5 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT • Survey on cultural heritage baseline data and impact assessment. • Survey in related social characteristics and public satisfaction. • Monitoring scheme for environmental, social, and cultural heritage. 0.7 Prediction and Evaluation of Impacts Based on the scoping of environmental and social impacts, there are some anticipated negative impacts during construction activities and system operation. Impact mitigation measures will be required during installation and construction activities, as well as during operation. The scoping (hearing) session that was held has raised several environmental, social, and cultural heritage aspects that has been tackled and assessed in this ESCHIA. A detailed discussion of these aspects has been presented in the ESCHIA Scoping Report, submitted as part of the ESCHIA consultancy assignments. Anticipated impacts during construction include noise/vibration, dust and traffic hazard. Soil erosion and generation of solid waste are also anticipated during excavation and construction activities. Infrastructure services such as water and road access may be interrupted temporarily during this period, but any interruptions should be minimized by applying appropriate mitigation measures and best construction practices. Impacts on ecological, historical, and archeological resources are expected to be minor. If these resources are impacted during construction activities, they will be addressed by consultation with the Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities (MoTA). Furthermore, potential impacts on every element was presented and followed by mitigation measures that prevent or reduce these predicted impacts. 0.8 Required Mitigation Measures Potential negative impacts, although expected to be minor, may affect some environmental and natural resources. Appropriate mitigation measures will be required to be implemented by the construction contractor, Hebron municipal council, or relevant stakeholders in order to avoid or minimize these potential impacts during the construction and operational phases. Mitigation measures during construction will address impacts caused by noise, dust, and machinery emissions, and traffic disruptions during installation of the trunk line and WWTP facilities. Activities involving heavy machinery will be restricted to normal working hours of 06:00 to 18:00. The construction schedules will be announced in advance of any activities. Dust minimization will require use of best construction practices such as mechanical construction, wetting of excavated stockpiles and equipment routes, as well as utilization of proper maintained and monitored vehicles and machinery to minimize air emissions. The construction contractor will also be required to temporary traffic control devices, proper signage, and appropriate safety measures. In addition, proper storage and disposal of construction wastes and excavated material will be required to minimize environmental impacts. Construction waste and debris will be transported to an approved disposal site in coordination with Hebron municipal council. Appropriate storage away from drainage paths of surface water will minimize the formation of stagnant water bodies (during winter) that produce unpleasant odors and attract disease vectors. High quality soils will be stored properly for use in reclamation of agricultural lands under the direction of the Ministry of Agriculture (MoA). During the design process, prior to implementation, storage site plans will be located, designed, and submitted for approval. 6 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT The safety and well-being of workers requires maximum compliance with procedures that minimize exposure of workers to heat, noise, dust, and solid and hazardous waste. Abiding by Palestinian employment and wage guidelines of the Palestinian Labor Law will also be a requirement. Nuisance from noise emissions during the operation of the WWTP facilities to the surrounding areas will require implementation of proper mitigation efforts such as sitting and fences. Noise and other safety hazards will require implementation of occupational health and safety measures and proper training of workers and operators. In order to minimize potential social, economic, or cultural heritage damage, it is to outline, submit, and implement a protection and safety plan to be prepared by the contactor considering the mitigation measures addressed in this ESCHIA. The plan shall utilize industry standard construction zone, safety practices, and equipment and shall include solid waste management plan. This has to be coordinated with the officials of Hebron municipality. The plan should also consider storing hazardous materials, if any, in special containment sites that are designed to confine these materials. 0.9 Environmental, Social, and Cultural Heritage Management Plan The Environmental, Social, and Cultural Heritage Management Plan (ESCHMP) identifies feasible and cost-effective measures required for the environmental monitoring of key environmental aspects of the project during project implementation. The ESCHMP also identifies monitoring objectives, specifies the type of monitoring, and stipulates mitigation measures to address impacts as identified by the ESCHIA study. The ESCHMP is designed to monitor the effectiveness of the management actions. A component of the plan is to establish monitoring programs to evaluate the performance of the project against the goals of sustainable development: economic growth, social equity, and ecological integrity. Appropriate, measurable, defined, and valid indicators shall be identified, developed, and agreed upon by stakeholders. The ESCHMP will include regular auditing and reporting, and lead to the refinement of targets and indicators. Monitoring results will be made publicly available. The main objectives of the ESCHMP are to: 1. Implement all recommendations and mitigation measures shown in the ESCHIA report, and any future needs that might arise. 2. Implement and enhance all laws and regulations related to labor affairs and benefits. 3. Inform workers regarding onsite job risks. 4. Enforce equal opportunity employment for equal qualifications. 5. Implement all environmental laws and regulations of the Palestinian Authority. 6. Supervise all activities that might affect the environment aspects of the community. 7. Establish a monitoring policy and an inspection program to cover environmental contaminants or those that might adversely affect the environment of the area. 8. Implement immediate mitigation measures wherever appropriate. Emphasis should be on the protection and conserving valued environmental components. Workshops and training sessions should be held regularly on various fields related to project activities. 9. Inspect and supervise environmental conditions at the project area. 10. Take corrective steps to mitigate environmental impacts. 7 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT In addition, the ESCHMP will: 1. Assess effectiveness of the proposed mitigation measures in the ESCHIA. 2. Detect environmental contamination as early as possible, to ensure the implementation of the management plan by the project operators. 3. Ensure compliance with this ESCHIA and regulatory authorities. 4. Prepare periodic reports on the environmental status of the project and the community, including activities or actions taken during the year and analysis and evaluation of results and present recommendations, to improve or develop better approach. The ESCHMP provides expected impacts of the proposed project. Mitigations measures to be implemented during the construction and operational phases are also listed. Environmental mitigation and monitoring actions are presented in a matrix format. The matrix includes an identification of the issues, mitigation measures, and responsibility for executing the mitigation measures. The ESCHMP is a tool for environmental auditing and compliance, and if properly applied, will ensure the success and sustainability of the project. In Palestine, the USAID projects (including this project) is being supervised through a consultant who have safe guard engineer to follow the studies, report etc. 0.10 Monitoring Plan The Environmental, Social, and Cultural Heritage Management Plan (ESCHMP) identifies the feasible and cost-effective measures required for the monitoring of key environmental, social and cultural heritage aspects of the project during project implementation. The ESCHMP identifies monitoring objectives and specifies the types of monitoring with regard to the impacts assessed in the ESCHIA report. During monitoring, these mitigation methods will be continuously checked for improvements to be made where necessary. The ESCHMP is presented in Annex II, where potential impacts against environmental, social and cultural heritage issues are listed. The ESCHMP also provides the required mitigation measures and the institutional and stakeholders responsibilities. In general, the responsible parties for environmental management during construction will be the construction contractor, Hebron Municipality, Palestinian Water Authority (PWA), Ministry of Tourism and Antiquates (MoTA), Ministry of Agriculture (MoA), Ministry of Public Works and Housing (MoPWH), thePolice and the Consultant, while the responsible parties during system operations will shift to the Hebron Municipality and PWA. The Ministry of Environment Affairs (MEnA) is responsible for environmental approvals and environmental monitoring, inspection and auditing. MEnA is to make sure that all the required mitigation measures are properly implemented. It is recommended that various institutions and stakeholders decide on and agree to the suggested frequency and execution of monitoring at all phases of the project. An example of a management and monitoring action includes the incorporation of mitigation measures and environmental controls in the construction contractor’s bid documents, stipulating the implementation of environmental standards and regulations in terms of noise protection, dust reduction, and natural resources preservation. Moreover, public communication should be maintained and well documented over the construction and operation phases of the project in order to ensure proper community relations. 8 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT 0.11 Recommendations The proposed Hebron WWTP project is suitable from the technical and environmental perspectives. The project does not represent a significant threat to the environment provided that the proposed mitigation measures presented in this ESCHIA report are implemented in accordance with applicable regulations and guidelines, and that the ESCHMP is applied with care. The long-term benefits of the WWTP project include improving the hygienic and health conditions for Hebron and the villages and communities located near Wadi as-Samen. These will include the public health and socio-economic conditions; improvement of the natural environment; improvement of social practices; and improvement of wastewater and sanitation scheme. The ESCHIA concludes that the environmental, social, and cultural heritage impacts of the Hebron WWTP project can be maintained within acceptable levels, provided that the required mitigation measures are incorporated and that the environmental, social, cultural heritage and safety management of the project facilities are addressed as required. The ESCHIA has also concluded that OP 4.12 is not triggered. It is not expected that the project managers would need to acquire land or resettle households. Accordingly, there are no impacts on properties. Land allocated for construction of the WWTP is already available. The main trunk line will be constructed along proper located rout on the edges of the wadi. This was confirmed through the visit of safeguards mission to the site on June 2014. A further recommendation in this regard is to have a grievance redressal system as part of the Water and Wastewater Unit (WWU) that is recommended to be established in Hebron Municipality for managing the WWTP. The system should function as to receive and address public complaints. Then the public can have an address to raise their complaints and/or objections against any negative impact during construction and/or operation of the HWWTP. All complaints should be recorded along with the actions and remedial measures applied. The officer in charge of the grievance system should have the authority to take and demand the remedial measures. It is recommended that this ESCHIA is approved and that the environmental approval for the construction of the proposed Hebron WWTP and trunk line project is issued. The PWA and Hebron Municipality are committed to the standards and requirements for the protection of the environment and declare that they are committed to the required mitigation measures. 0.12 Conclusions and Overall Assessment This ESCHIA report summarizes the results of the impact assessment for the construction of the HWWTP and Trunk Sewer project. It includes an overview of the key environmental, social and cultural heritage impacts associated with the construction and post development of the WWTP of Hebron. The ESCHIA has investigated and assessed the significance of the predicted positive and negative impacts associated with the proposed HWWTP project. These impacts, along with the wider environmental issues will need to be weighed up in the decision-making process. No negative impacts of high significance were identified, provided that all mitigation measures are applied effectively. 9 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT No significant negative cumulative impact is expected to be caused by the development of the HWWTP project. The construction of the wastewater treatment plant and trunk sewer is by itself a positive cumulative impact as it will improve the environment and protect the groundwater aquifer. It will also enhance the social practice of wastewater disposal and will develop a focused and properly operated system. The ESCHIA concluded that providing the recommended mitigation measures are incorporated and the environmental, social, health and safety management of the facilities are addressed in the ways described within this report, then associated environmental, social and health impacts can be maintained within acceptable levels. In order to ensure effective application of the management actions and monitoring proposed in this ESCHIA, a comprehensive ESCHMP is prepared and annexed to this report. Recommendations are provided for the best practicable environmental option, mitigation and management actions, as well as suggested monitoring during construction and post development of the HWWT project. It is recommended that this ESCHIA is approved and that the environmental approval for the construction of the proposed HWWTO and trunk sewer is issued. The PWA, Hebron Municipality and the nearby communities and stone cutting industries are committed to the standards and requirements for the protection of the environment and declare that they are committed to the required mitigation measures addressed in this ESCHIA. 10 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) 0.13 Annexes Annex I: Summary of Potential Impacts and Proposed Mitigation Measures ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT Impact Impact Category Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures (+,0,-) Significance Impacts During Construction Physical Environment Application of proper engineering Land use where trunk sewer will be Not 0 practices during Trunk Sewer laid will only be affected temporarily. Significant construction. PWA and Hebron Municipality shall secure land and obtain change of land use permits or easements from agencies having jurisdiction over the Land Use and Planning WWTP is located in agricultural areas. facility locations. _ The land is already allocated and Low Sludge drying beds technology may owned by PWA. It will be converted Significance be replaced by compacting into a public facility. technology. Landscape design inside the WWTP should preserve the general characteristic of the lost green area. A detailed geological and foundation Geology must be suitable to support Not analysis has been conducted. No unique 0 desired construction elements. Significant geologic or physical features will be altered. Geology and Seismicity Potential damages from earthquakes to Facilities have generally been sited far project facilities could only cause Low from habitation and will be designed and Significance _ hazardous conditions locally (WWTP constructed in accordance with as mitigated process failure, storage facility Palestinian and International building damage, etc.). codes and regulations. 12 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT Damage will be repaired by the regional utility or any other responsible party soon after the possible seismic event occurs. A detailed geological and foundation analysis will be prepared and incorporated into project plans. Standard measures to minimize soil Soil will be disturbed during Low erosion during construction will be Soil _ construction of the project facilities Significance included in the plans and specifications and will potentially increased erosion. for project elements. Air pollutants (mainly dust) will be emitted temporarily during Spoil piles shall be transported daily in construction. Dust generated during Low covered trucks. Mechanical excavation Significance, installation of pipelines, in town is a should be used where possible. Best _ localized. nuisance for residents, and dust Well reduced construction practices will be employed; generated during construction on by mitigation. water spray and proper fencing will be Air Quality and Odors WWTP site will cause dust to applied to minimize dust spread out. accumulate on adjacent vegetation. Low Limited odors maybe generated during Significance, Assure the use of well-maintained _ construction out of construction localized and construction equipment. vehicles. temporary. 13 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT Stagnant water bodies may be formed as a result of accumulation of Continuous clearance of wadis and excavation material on storm water storm water courses. courses and surface water drainage Medium areas Significance, Surface Water Systems _ These stagnant water bodies resulting minimized. from blocked drainage paths produce Avoid forming stagnant water bodies algal blooms, anoxic sediments and during construction by keeping drainage bad odors which will become a and storm water paths clean and clear. nuisance for the surrounding area. Poor management and compilation of Medium Unusable construction waste should be _ construction waste may cause pooling Significance, moved, removed and disposed at an Solid Waste and flooding, as well as an unpleasant minimized by approved dumpsite in coordination with visual impact mitigation. Hebron Municipality. Reusable piles produced from excavation should be properly stored for refilling after pipelines are installed. Built Environment Potential access restrictions during construction will be localized and temporary, but the Contractor will notify Construction will temporarily disrupt Medium receptors at least one week in advance of Infrastructure and traffic patterns in the vicinity of Significance, _ minimized as the schedule and duration of Public Services project facilities. Most roads are mitigated. construction. The Contractor will also lightly traveled. coordinate with providers of fire and police protection and hospitals to ensure continued access during construction. 14 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT Workers’ commuting to site during Not 0 construction is minimal. Impact will No mitigation needed. Significant be negligible on traffic. Wastewater will be pumped to the Highly + WWTP instead of open disposal in Beneficial No mitigation needed. wadis. Citizens, businesses and public facilities Temporary impacts to services and Medium will be informed of the cutting schedule. _ utilities during construction and Significance Emergency service providers shall be during installation of trunk sewer. provided with contact names, locations. Medium Construction will create a significant + Significance, number of new jobs in the area. beneficial Purchase of construction material and Socio-Economic rent of construction equipment. Also Assure purchase of high quality material; + purchase of services and commodity Beneficial improve local economy by involvement in the area by contractors and workers of local contractors. is possible. Nearby villages may not be accustomed to large infrastructure Low Proper engineering practices and proper _ project of this type that may cause Significance monitoring of construction works. nuisance to the community. Contractor will adhere to health and Low safety regulations. Contractor is required Public & Occupational Average level of hazard to _ Significance to develop proper emergency responses in Health construction workers. as mitigated advance. First aid equipment must be available on site. 15 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT Potential health hazards on residents Low Provision of awareness and instruction _ during construction, i.e. accidents at Significance as mitigated signs by contractor is required. excavation sites. Include noise mitigation requirements in project bid documents. Schedule Construction noise will be localized at construction activities to avoid sensitive the WWTP site and temporary on seasons, days, or hours (limit to Saturday Low sensitive receptors of residences and Thursday, 06:00 to 18:00 or daylight Noise _ Significance businesses will be affected during hours), inform residents and businesses as mitigated installation of conveyance trunk near alignment of construction duration sewer. and schedule. Provide noise protection gear for construction workers and operators. No sites were found on the proposed Contractor will have to continuously project sites in literature searches. monitor any archaeological evidence Historical and Cultural Archeological sites are not expected, Potential revealed during construction and is _ High Heritage but may be potentially revealed during Significant required to immediately inform the construction activity. MoTA for appropriate protection procedures. From literature review and on-foot Not 0 reconnaissance no sensitive terrestrial None required. Significant species or habitats exist on sites. Ecology No established nature reserves, Not 0 protected areas, or national forests None required. Significant would be affected. 16 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT 17 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT Impact Impact Category Impact Discussion Mitigation Measures (+,0,-) Significance Impacts During Operation Physical Environment WWTP is very far from residences, Not 0 schools, hospitals, police and fire None required. Significant stations, and mosques. Irrigated agriculture will be expanded through reuse. Reuse of treated Beneficial, Highly Binding to the Palestinian standards of + wastewater will increase agricultural Significant treated wastewater reuse. Land Use and Planning rate and may change agricultural pattern into trees and fodder. Operators used to maintain structures, Low observe good housekeeping procedures, Treatment and storage facilities disrupt _ Significance keep facilities and sites clean and well natural landscape. if mitigated cared for. Activities will be described in the O&M manual. Reuse system requires change of agricultural patterns in the area to fodder Effluent reuse will increase the salt and Highly and trees that are tolerant to high nitrate Soil _ chloride content of agricultural soils significant levels. Irrigation by treated effluent must and underlying strata. follow the Palestinian standard 742 in order to protect the nutrient levels in soil. Sludge will be generated from Low Generated Solid Waste Sludge shall be transferred to Al-Menya _ treatment process as dewatered in significance and Sludge as mitigated landfill, if not reused. drying beds 18 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT Discharge of treated wastewater to the soil surface for irrigation purposes will Applying greater volume of irrigation increase soil salinity. Salt built-up Medium water than crop requirement can prevent dispersion in soil, reduced infiltration, significance salt built-up in shallow soils. and hydraulic conductivity that reduced soil productivity. _ Leachate from sludge may impact Less than Sludge will be transferred to Al- water quality and the environment. significant as Menyalandfill after being dried. mitigated Environmental mitigation elements in AlMenya landfill (lining, leachate disposal, and consideration of environmental issues) have been incorporated and O&M requirements, project plans and specifications. O&M training will be provided. WWTP is in a relatively low area that Workers on site will wear earmuffs or ear would limit noise pollution. The only plugs as needed. affected personnel are workers on the Low Noise _ site. Potential impact may be caused if Significance Construction permissions should not be construction permissions are given given within 500 m radius from WWTP. near the WWTP. Odors already exist from discharge of Highly + raw sewage in public grounds and Significant Air Quality and Odors agricultural land. Conveyance of raw sewage to WWTP Highly Buried pipes will follow Palestinian + Standards, and will be placed below fresh will be through buried pipes. Significant 19 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT water network pipes to avoid leakage. A management plan shall be elaborated by Not Aeration basins and sludge drying beds the construction designer to control odors. significant _ may create odors as algae blooms Natural barriers of trees and consideration with decay. of wind direction should be included in mitigation the design. Use of liquid chlorine to avoid gas release. Standardized handling of operations and Low procedures. Screening/grit units will be at the significance Operations equipment (including pumps _ WWTP plant. with and motors) will be selected upon energy mitigations efficiency and low-emission factors. The screening/grit station will be equipped with odor controls; WWTP grit and screenings will be transferred away to AlMenya sanitary landfill. In the absence of the project, The treatment facilities should be groundwater quality has the potential constructed to the standards and should be sealed and not allow any seepage or Groundwater Aquifer to become significantly degraded. The Beneficial, + Highly overflow of the untreated sewage to the System project aims to reduce or eliminate the Significant nearby areas. infiltration of raw domestic sewage towards the groundwater. Regular testing of groundwater quality. 20 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT Discharge of treated wastewater to the Highly Application of greater volume of water ground surface either for irrigation Significant, than that of crops requirement. Access _ purposes or disposal in the nearby minimized by amount of water will bypass the root zone valley may have the potential to mitigation. and percolate to reach the saturated zone. increase level of salinity, nitrogen. Built Environment Irrigation activities will be conducted in accordance with all applicable standards Highly covering worker safety, public health, Use of treated wastewater presents Significant environmental health and irrigation Impact in Agricultural methods. Compliance with Palestinian _ potential risk to farmers by direct Standard 742 will be assured. An Activities Minimized by contact. agribusiness investment will be mitigation. encouraged to help local farmers gain experience with wastewater irrigation. Sludge will be reduced in volume by drying, so that hauled sludge from Not Sludge transporting vehicles will be 0 WWTP will be minimized, thus Significant covered and will follow. Infrastructure and minimize the frequency of transporting Public Services to the landfill. Accidents of leakage will be minimal and Possible leakage of wastewater trunk Low _ could only occur over sever seismic sewer that cannot be directly indicated. Significance activity or with old worn out pipes. Best engineering practices will be employed during installation of trunk sewer under the requirements of PA construction 21 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT regulations and material standards. Roadways will be designed and aligned to provide access from existing Highly Improve access to surrounding + roads to the treatment plant site. These significant agricultural land. roadways will be paved by asphalt. Transporting produced sludge (2-3 Trucks are maintained and covered. ton/day) by trucks to the landfill for Not 0 Adhere to the speed limits and traffic disposal has a negligible impact on Significant regulations. traffic. There will be no overload from the collection system and the WWTP on Not 0 public services, and therefore the No mitigation needed. Significant impact on those utilities will be negligible. Increased local water supplies for + irrigation. Beneficial No mitigation needed. Energy needs increase compared to Use energy efficient technology in existing conditions for plant operation Low treatment and pumping. An alternative _ and pumping reuse water. Significance source of energy should be provided in case of emergencies such as generators. Population is growing in the absence of Socio-Economic waste management The Project will Not None required. No relocation would be Public and Occupational 0 not induce or alter population size, Significant required due to land acquisition for Health facilities. distribution or density nor affect 22 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT housing. If project is implemented and operated Beneficial, as designed, it would improve the + Highly existing and future quality of life in the significant project area with respect to public health and income generation. Treated wastewater can be used by Beneficial, + stone cutting factories, increasing Highly feasibility of the business. significant The collection and treatment system fees will be cheaper than the costs of Highly + traditional discharge means of cesspits. Beneficial Providing treated water for agriculture will save on water purchasing; Highly + encourage investment in land Beneficial reclamation in agriculture and job creation. 5-10 permanent jobs will be created on Low + Significance site of the WWTP when operated. The project will significantly reduce an Highly + existing and future health hazard significant created by seepage of raw sewage. 23 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT Low Operation and Management (O&M) Mechanical dangers and use of significance manual contains industry standards tor _ hazardous chemicals in WWTP as mitigated chemical handling. Worker require imposed on operating workers. appropriate training program. New mosquito habitat created in open Highly Construct large sludge drying. Keep bank _ basins, danger of vector-transferred Significant slopes free of vegetation. diseases. Health effects may occur to farm workers and their families could The proposed reuse demonstration project include exposure to pathogens that Medium _ will include training for farmers, workers may remain in water after Significance and others of the safe use of reuse water. inappropriate treatment and disinfection. Miss-use of WWTP facilities and Medium Signage will be provided in Arabic and _ Significance English to indicate that the stored water is stored water. not potable or safe for swimming, and all hose bibs with reclaimed water will be similarly tagged to indicate the water is no safe for drinking. Medium The O&M Manual of the WWTP will significance need to include security measures to The open basins may attract and create Ecology + protect birds. Hunting is highly restricted habitat for birds flying over the region. Need protection and all birds are protected. Therefore the measures WWTP requires proper fencing. 24 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT Illegal connection of connection of stone cutting and other industrial facilities to the network overloads the Medium Legislative measures and continuous _ WWTP, clogging the system and Significance controlled monitoring should be enforced. increase the organic load in the system causing environmental damages. The provision of a storage basin that would allow the insufficiently treated Discharge raw wastewater towards the Potential water to be stored to prevent its escape nearest valley and agricultural land at Emergencies _ High into the environment. This water could be times of technical treatment faults or Significance chlorinated with hypochlorite in the emergency cut of electricity, etc. reservoir in emergency circumstances to reduce public health risk. Careful handling and prompt cleaning of Medium spillages. Significance Secondary catchment and impervious Spillages of fuel during use of surfaces under fuel storage tanks can _ electrical generators in emergencies. minimized by contain spills and reduce or eliminate mitigation potential leakages to soil and groundwater. 25 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) Annex II: Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan (EMMP) The EMMP is designed to monitor the effectiveness of the management actions. A component of the EMMP is to establish monitoring programs to evaluate the performance of the project against the goals of sustainable development: economic growth, and ecological integrity. For this purpose, appropriate, measurable, defined, and valid indicators will be identified, developed, and agreed upon by stakeholders. The EMMP will include regular auditing and reporting, and lead to the refinement of targets and indicators. Monitoring results will be made publicly available. The Main Objectives of the EMMP are: 1. Implement all recommendations and mitigation measures shown in the ESIA report, and any future needs that might arise. 2. Implement all environmental laws and regulations of the Palestine Authority. 3. Supervise all activities that might affect the environment. 4. Establish a monitoring policy and an inspection program to cover environmental contaminants or those that might adversely affect the environment of the area. 5. Implement immediate mitigation measures wherever appropriate. Emphasis should be on the protection and conserving valued environmental components. Workshops and training sessions should be held regularly on various fields related to project activities. 6. Inspect and supervise environmental conditions at the WWTP. 7. Take corrective steps to mitigate environmental impacts. 8. Attend workshops or seminars on topics related to the wastewater collection and treatment system. 9. Adopt waste minimization and recycling strategies. 10. Prepare emergency plans to protect the public, the workers, and biodiversity. In addition, the EMMP will: • Assess effectiveness of the proposed mitigation measures in the ESCHIA. Detect environmental contamination as early as possible, to ensure the implementation of an environmental management plan by the project operators. • Ensure compliance with this EA and regulatory authorities. Prepare periodic reports on the environmental status of the project, including activities or actions taken during the period and analysis and evaluation of results and present recommendations, to improve or develop better approach. The implement of the EMMP measures involved in many units, thus the sources of funding are different and most environment protection activities are engineering measures. Therefore, the fund should be included into engineering cost and offered by project contractors and operators. The costs should be nailed down and listed in their tendering documents. The fund of EMMP is mainly used in the environment management during construction period including environment monitoring, environment supervision, personnel training and operation of environment management organizations, as well as some the risk prevention cost. ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT During Construction Phase Environmental Potential Institutional Monitoring Environmental Proposed Mitigation Measures Monitoring Element Responsibilities Frequency Impacts • Vehicles and construction machinery should be • Ensure that Weekly required to be properly maintained and to comply with mitigation relevant emission standards. measures are • Spoil piles shall be transported daily in covered trucks incorporated into • The vehicles, in particular, the trucks should not be bid documents. over loaded to minimize exhausts emissions • Contractor shall Air pollution caused by • Water spray of the construction site and the stockpiles implement air emissions and exhaust of the excess cut materials to minimize dust quality mitigation from vehicles and • Controlling the speed of the transporting vehicles, measures Contractor, construction machinery. selecting transportation routes to minimize dust impact Hebron Air Quality Also, the dust plumes on sensitive receivers, and washing trucks tires before Municipality, and Odors from the excavation leaving the construction site. PWA, MoT, and finishing activities. • Proper scheduling and monitor of any risky activities MoPWH, such as excavation and backfilling. Police. Limited odors maybe • Mechanical excavation should be used where possible generated during and best construction practices will be employed. construction out of • Cease earth-moving activities on days when wind construction vehicles gusts exceed 40 km per hour • Assure the use of well maintained construction equipment 27 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT Soil erosion (and dust) should be minimized at Review of bid Once during Soil will be disturbed construction sites by covering spoil and fill piles, in documents to Contractor, the during construction of addition to applying other mitigation measures. This ensure that MoA, Hebron construction Soil the project facilities and requirement should be incorporated into project applicable codes Municipality, phase and will potentially PWA. plans and specifications. and regulations annually increased erosion. during Suitable disposal sites should be identified for are incorporated, operations excess material from excavating pipeline inspection during benches for conveyance pipelines, from site construction to grading and from excavation of WWTP. ensure that measures are implemented. Contractor shall present written description of proposed debris and soil disposal site for review and approval. Stagnant water bodies Continuous clearance of wadis and storm Ensure that Monthly may be formed as a water courses. mitigation result of accumulation measures are PWA, MEnA, incorporated into Surface Water of excavation material bid documents. Hebron on storm water courses Municipality. and surface water drainage areas. 28 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT Spillage of raw sewage • Continuous cleaning of the construction Ensure that Monthly and oil from site. mitigation measures are construction equipment • PWA, MEnA, incorporated into Ground Water to the ground water Construction of temporary septic tanks bid documents. Hebron systems either in the when needed. Municipality. saturated or unsaturated zones Cleanness of The construction • Disposal of the generated solid waste should be Ensure that Daily the camps could be sources timely cleaned up and stored in closed mitigation Construction of solid waste, debris, • containers. Disposed materials should be measures are Contractor, Weekly or Site and the and waste oil from properly compacted and stabilized. incorporated into Hebron monthly Generated machinery. Construction spoils and rocky materials could bid documents. Municipality, • PWA, MEnA. depending Wastes Wastewater from the be used by local people on a ’take for free’ on the basis. camps could create new • Sewage and other wastewater from construction volume of pollution sources. camps should be collected and treated using septic the work Construction spoils and tanks before being discharged. rocky materials will be • Burning of construction waste should be prohibited. generated. • Construction waste should be promptly removed Excavated materials from the construction sites. generated by • The waste transportation vehicles should not be construction and overloaded and should be covered. demolition activities. 29 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT • Implementing the resettlement plan for the flora at Ensure that weekly site. mitigation during active Contractor, Affecting trees, rare or • Uprooting and replanting the trees. measures are Consultant, flora species • The O&M Manual will include security measures to incorporated into endangered bid documents. Hebron resettlement Ecology protect the birds and potential encounter with wolves Municipality, living within the and monthly construction area. and foxes. Bird, wolf, and fox presence should be PWA, MEnA, otherwise monitored. Hunting is highly restricted and all MoA. migratory birds, wolves and foxes are protected. • Application of proper engineering practices during • PWA negotiates Once during collection system construction easements and the • The PWA and Hebron Municipality shall secure land acquisitions preparation acquisition and obtain change of land use permits or • Contractor must and once Trunk sewers will be easements from agencies having jurisdiction over the provide written prior to the buried; land use where facility locations. documentation of start of sewer will be laid will • Landscape design inside the WWTP should preserve permissions from construction Land Use and the general characteristic of the lost green area. all affected PWA, Hebron phases only be affected Planning agencies Municipality. temporarily. WWTP is • Contractor must located in bare land present written owned by PWA. documentation of permissions from all affected property owners. 30 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT • Leveling and site preparation should be Periodic Weekly monitored; no old waste should be spilled. inspections by during the • Conduct further survey to include local MEnA active • geology. Consultant, construction Change in landscape • Planting trees and improving the landscape. Contractor (in phase and Aesthetic character from site The design should be environmentally friend, accordance with monthly by considering green areas. otherwise construction • contractual Maintain structures, observe good obligation). housekeeping procedures keep facilities and sites clean and well cared for; incorporate in O&M Manual. 31 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT Post Development Phase Environmental Environmental Institutional Monitoring Proposed Mitigation Measures Monitoring Element Impacts Responsibilities Frequency • The design and the implementation should comply • Ensure that semiannually Increase in water with the local and international codes. mitigation Hebron demand. • Water storage reservoir to meet the demand for measures are Water Municipality, Impact on the water several days. incorporated into Resources, PWA, resources. Water supply • Supply the project with water. bid documents. Consultant. • Monitoring of GW quality and the impact of the • Monitoring improved WW treatment program applied 32 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT • Treatment should comply with the required • Annual soil Bi-monthly standards for reuse in agriculture. testing • Irrigation activities will be conducted in accordance • Periodic with all applicable standards covering worker inspections and safety, public health, environmental health and laboratory irrigation methods. Compliance with Palestinian Standard 742 will be assured. An agribusiness analysis of Impact on public investment will be encouraged to help local farmers effluent quality health (specifically gain experience with wastewater irrigation. and crops. Hebron Wastewater farmers by direct • Reuse in cocked-eaten agriculture and landscaping. Municipality, (effluent) and contact) Impact on • Raise the awareness of the farmers towards reuse. PWA Reuse soil Impact on water • Reuse sludge during winter time (storage and MEnA, MoH. resources loading station). • Include an in-line filtration system to remove algae pre-distribution or provide irrigation application system suitable for higher TSS. • Educate the farmers of public health. • Regular health checks. • Regular water and soil testing. Effluent reuse will • Reuse system requires change of agricultural • Annual soil annually increase the salt and patterns in the area to fodder and trees that are testing chloride content of tolerant to high nitrate levels. Irrigation by treated • Periodic agricultural soils and effluent must follow the Palestinian standard 742 PWA, MoA, Soil inspections and farmers underlying strata. in order to protect the nutrient levels in soil laboratory Impact of increased • Leaching as part of reuse system to maintain soil Nitrate level analysis of crops productivity 33 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT Bad odor emissions, • The design and the implementation of the sewer Ensure that Monthly lines should comply with the local and international mitigation groundwater aquifers codes. measures are Hebron Wastewater pollution and several • Conduct regular preventive maintenance. health disease • incorporated into Municipality Regular spraying of insects, flies and mosquitoes, outbreaks may occur. bid documents. especially during summer. • Efficient solid waste management system. Ensure that • Bi-monthly Leachate from sludge • Sludge will be transferred to landfill after being mitigation • Every time may impact water dried. Environmental mitigation elements in Al measures are Hebron quality and the Menya landfill (lining, leachate disposal, and incorporated into Municipality, • Every time Solid waste environment. The consideration of environmental issues in sitting) bid documents. JSC H&B, PWA, generation and generated solid waste have been incorporated in design and O&M MEnA. service quantities are a new requirements, project plans and specifications. • Daily disposal of the wet solid waste. load to the solid waste • Dumping the solid waste at approved sanitary management system of landfill. Hebron. • Cover the solid waste containers. Exhaust from vehicles • Strict enforcement of speed limits, Establish Police, weekly movements from and • Use of well-serviced and maintained vehicles, recording and MoT to the WWTP site and Comply with exhaust limits and gas emissions. reporting protocol • A management plan shall be elaborated by the for chemical HebronMunicip Air quality gas emissions from the handling. construction contractor to control odors. ality, PWA, WWTP are the main MEnA • Standardized handling of operations and source of air pollution procedures. Use of liquid sodium hypochlorite and at post development ferric chloride. Using liquids avoids gas release phase. 34 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT • Operations equipment (including pumps and motors) will be selected upon energy efficiency and low-emission factors and • The screening/grit station will be equipped with odor controls; WWTP grit and screenings will be transferred away to Al Menya sanitary landfill • Maintain the green areas Periodic Semiannually Change in the • Prohibiting any waste disposal inspections by landscape, degrade the • Effective Solid Waste Management Plan. MEnA • Maintain structures, observe good housekeeping Hebron aesthetic of the project Aesthetic Municipality, area and cause odors procedures, keep facilities and sites clean and well PWA. attract insects and cared for, and incorporate in O&M Manual. rodents. - The electric shocks • Comply with the local and international codes of Consistently may cause health the electricity supply. as a part of the risks. The electricity • Underground cables should be considered for high worker health voltage. breaks would affect and safety plan • Closed feeder pillars in safe closet accessible only the project operation to authorized personnel, and success. - Energy • Post clear warning signs to instruct the workers Hebron Electricity and fuel consumption and to avoid risks and health hazards. Municipality, impact. -Energy • Emergency electricity generators PWA. needs increase • Use energy efficient technology in treatment and compared to existing pumping. conditions for plant operation and pumping reuse water. 35 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT Irrigated agriculture • Binding to the Palestinian standards of treated As part of Land Use and will be expanded wastewater reuse. MoA, MEnA, design and Planning through reuse. • Operators used to maintain structures, observe MoLG operations Existing agricultural good housekeeping procedures, keep facilities and phases land is mainly rain fed. sites clean and well cared for. Activities will be Reuse of treated described in the O&M manual. Pipelines will be wastewater will buried. increase agricultural rate. Treatment and storage facilities disrupt natural landscape. • The Operation and Maintenance Manual of the Coordinate with Once, to be WWTP will need to include security measures to Palestine Wildlife considered as The WWTP basins protect the bird. Hunting is highly restricted and all Society for bird part of the may attract and create migratory birds are protected. Therefore the monitoring and design or habitat for migratory WWTP requires proper fencing. security measures postconstruction Ecology birds flying over the • Since the WWTP will be an attraction for to insert in O&M MEnA, PWA phase region during their educational trips, it may also include birds-watch Manual. Have semi-annual station if it proved to attract migratory birds. PWS review the migrations. Therefore, a plan for such a station shall be manual developed in coordination with relevant authorities and expertise and NGOs 36 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT Annex III: Environmental Monitoring Plan During Construction Means of Proposed Mitigation Implementation Means of Monitoring Reporting Implementation Measures Responsibility Monitoring Responsibility Monitoring and budget (US$) Results Vehicles and construction machinery should Tender Construction be properly maintained and to comply with documents Site Supervision machinery relevant emission standards. Inspection inspection These measures are full responsibility of Tender Spoil piles shall be transported daily in Supervision Daily the contractor during documents Site covered trucks. Police submittals construction. He has Inspection to allocate budget for The vehicles, in particular, the trucks should Tender the maintenance of Supervision Daily not be over loaded to minimize exhausts Contractor; for documents his vehicles and pear Police submittals all the costs as part of emissions. transportation Inspection Tender the project budget. Water spray of the construction site and the routes consult documents Progress An inspection and stockpiles of the excess cut materials to Hebron Supervision environment officer Municipality Site Inspection reports minimize dust. should be assigned Controlling the speed of the transporting by him to follow up Supervision Daily and control these. vehicles, selecting transportation routes to Tender Hebron Submittals; The salaries and minimize dust impact on sensitive receivers, documents Municipality Transportation other inspection costs and washing trucks tires before leaving the Inspection Police are estimated at US$ plan construction site. 110,000. Proper scheduling and monitor of any risky Tender Progress Supervision activities such as excavation and backfilling. documents reports 37 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT mechanical construction equipment. documents Hebron Reports Municipality Mechanical excavation should be used Tender Progress where possible and best construction Supervision documents reports practices will be employed. Cease earth-moving activities on days when Tender Progress Supervision wind gusts exceed 40 km per hour documents report Assure the use of well maintained Tender Supervision Progress 38 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT Construction activities should be scheduled Consultant; Tender documents Hebron Design report carefully to minimize the impact of noise Contractor Shop drawings Municipality Work plan from construction machinery. The scheduling of the Night-time construction using heavy Supervision activities should be machinery such as pile drivers and concrete Hebron Progress clear and agreed as to Contractor Tender documents Municipality be implemented vibrators should be prohibited all night report MoPWH during construction. hours. The contractor is full Good maintenance and proper operation of responsibility for the Daily construction machinery to minimize noise Contractor Tender documents Supervision control of the works. submittals generation. He has to allocate Selection of transport routes for large Contractor; Supervision; Transportation budget for the Hebron Tender documents vehicles to avoid residential areas. Municipality Police plan maintenance of his work plan; vehicles and pear all Supervision; the costs as part of Scheduling of the working hours and days. Contractor Work plan daily MoL submittals the project budget. Complying with the noise limits during Tender documents Supervision; Inspection Contractor MoL; MENA construction activities. Inspection Reports Sewage and other wastewater from Waste and environment construction camps should be collected by Tender documents Supervision Management officer should be septic tank or closed container. Plan responsible for that. Additional US$ Supervision; 60,000 is estimated to Hebron be allocated for solid Burning of wastes should be prohibited. Site instructions - Municipality; waste management. MEnA Supervision; Construction waste should be promptly Daily Tender documents Hebron removed from the construction sites. Municipality submittals 39 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT Hebron Waste The waste transportation vehicles should not Tender documents Municipality; Management be overloaded and should be covered. Instructions Police Plan Implementing a resettlement plan for the Contractor; Resettlement Hebron Special Plan MoA trees. Municipality Plan US$ 20,000 is Consultant; Resettlement estimated as the Uprooting and replanting the trees. Contractor Hebron MoA Municipality Plan budget for the trees Bird, wolf, and fox presence should be resettlement plan and monitored. Hunting is highly restricted and Hebron Tender documents compensation. MoTA Special Report all migratory birds, wolves and foxes are Municipality Special Plan protected. Traffic plans should be prepared before US$ 20,000 is the MoT; construction in conjunction with relevant Contractor Tender documents Traffic Plan estimated budget for Police authority. the implementation 40 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT Soil erosion (and dust) should be minimized These measures are at construction sites by covering spoil and fill Project plans; full responsibility of Supervision; piles, in addition to applying other mitigation Contractor; Tender documents Progress the contractor during Hebron measures. This requirement should be Consultant Site Inspection reports; Daily construction. Costs Municipality incorporated into project plans and submittals are part of the project specifications. budget. Suitable disposal sites should be identified Excavation for excess material from excavating water Contractor; Tender documents Supervision; plan report; Hebron pipelines and site grading of the water Excavation plan MoPWH Daily Municipality reservoirs. submittals Supervision; Hebron US$ 12,000 is to Continuous clearance of wadis and storm Contractor Tender documents Municipality; Progress report cover clearance water courses. MoPWH works in the wadi. Continuous cleaning of the construction Supervision; Tender documents Hebron Progress report site. Municipality US $12,000 is for the Construction of temporary septic tank Mobilization construction of the Contractor Tender documents Supervision septic tank and when needed. report frequent emptying of Emptying of septic tank when full and Tender documents the tank. dumping it at an official nearby treatment and site Supervision Progress report facility. instructions Disposal of the generated solid waste should Tender documents Supervision; These measures are Hebron Daily be timely cleaned up and stored in closed Contractor and site full responsibility of Municipality submittals containers. instructions the contractor during 41 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT Tender documents Supervision; construction. He has Disposed materials should be properly Hebron and site Progress report to manage the compacted and stabilized. Municipality instructions construction and Construction spoils and rocky materials Announce to the solid wastes as to public; Hebron could be used by local people on a ’take for Progress report maintain the site Announcements Municipality free’ basis. clean. The inspection Regulating traffic at the road crossings and HEBRON of the traffic plan. Tender documents MUNICIPALI improve existing roads to accommodate Contractor Traffic Plan Traffic Plan TY; MoPWH increased heavy traffic. Select transport routes to reduce disturbance to Contractor, MoPWH, Hebron Traffic Plan Traffic Plan regular traffic. MoT; Police Municipality This has to be The PWA and Hebron Municipality shall secured by Hebron obtain change of land use permits or PWA, Hebron Project documents Higher planning council; MoP; Special Report Municipality prior to easements from agencies having jurisdiction Municipality and land use plan MoPWH construction over the facility locations. activities. Contractors should be required to take safety Supervision; measures at the construction sites, and Hebron US$ 2,000 is to cover warning signs should be provided to alert of Contractor Tender documents Municipality; Progress Report the cost of the traffic MoPWH; potential safety hazards at and around the and warning signs. MoL construction sites. Contractors and construction supervision Hebron Environmental should be introduced to the environmental ESCHIA report MEnA; PWA Municipality Auditing protection measures. 42 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT Environmental protection measures in connection with construction operations are Contractor Environmental ESCHIA report MENA; PWA required as integral parts of the engineering JSCDP Auditing contracts. Hebron Progress report Provide traffic regulation signs. Contractor Tender documents Municipality Complying with seismic loads in design, exit, Consultant; PWA; Hebron Tender documents Municipality Design report and emergency. Contractor Construction should be immediately Hebron Contractor; suspended if any archaeological or other Tender documents Municipality; Progress report Consultant MoTA US$ 10,000 is cultural properties are found. estimated as the fees MoTA and other relevant cultural authority for the archaeological and the project management office should be expert to conduct the Hebron notified promptly if any archaeological or Contractor Tender documents Municipality; Progress report investigation. The other cultural properties are found and only MoTA contractor is to take after a thorough investigation will the risk of any construction resume. damages to cultural Reinstate any damages whatsoever that may Hebron properties. occur (should be avoided as possible) to the Contractor Tender documents Municipality; Progress report cultural properties. MoTA Commitment with the Palestinian Law of MoPWH; MoL Progress report The contractor is Contractor Labor. responsible for the Consultant occupational and Occupational health and safety measures Contractor Tender documents MoPWH; Progress report workers health at site. should be taken at the construction sites. MoL These costs are Consultant covered by the First aid kits and units should be available at contractor budget. Contractor MoPWH; Progress report the site. The salaries of an 43 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT MoL environment and safety officer are estimated at Contractor; US$60,000 per year. Project Appoint an environmental and safety officer. Hebron PWA; MEnA Municipality documents Workers should consult the appointed safety Workers; Consultant; Progress report officer of the site regularly. contractor MoL Consultant; US$ 36,000 is Control machinery and vehicle access. Hebron Progress report estimated as the Municipality budget for Contractor Tender documents Consultant; reinstatement and Hebron compensation. This is Reinstate all affected areas. Municipality; Progress report normally covered by MoA the BoQ. Efficient sanitation must be maintained and Consultant; Progress report Contractor Tender documents MoL monitored, with provision of health services. US$ 24,000 is to be The contractor should afford save and Consultant; Progress report allocated for efficient Contractor Tender documents MoL healthy environment for the workforce. sanitation and health Provide recreational and social activities at Consultant; services during construction camp during non-working Contractor Tender documents MoL; Progress report construction. hours. MoPWH US$ 10,000 is the Conduct Safety awareness campaign, Hebron Project Agreement Awareness PWA, MoLG budget for the focusing on schools and children. Municipality Announcements report awareness campaign. Contractor; Waste The keeping of the Effective Solid Waste Management Plan. Hebron Tender documents MEnA; MoTA Management site post construction Municipality Plan is the responsibility 44 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT Hebron of Hebron Commitment to noise, dust and emissions Consultant; Design and Municipality; municipalities and standards. Contractor MEnA progress report the costs for these Hebron should be part of the Traffic management and maintain water and Contractor Municipality; Progress report municipality budget. electricity supply. MoPWH Hebron Leveling and site preparation should be Municipality; monitored; no wastes should be spilled. MoPWH Hebron Maintain the green areas. Municipality; US$ 10,000 is MEnA additional budget for Contractor Tender documents Hebron Progress report site improvement and Planting trees and improving the landscape. Municipality; landscaping. MoA Maintain structures, observe good Hebron housekeeping procedures keep facilities Municipality; and sites clean and well cared for. MoPWH 45 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) Annex IV: Social Management Plan The Social Management Plan is designed to identify the additional measures required to further reduce and/or manage the potential social impacts during project implementation, particularly the social, economic, health, and cultural impacts of the project and the effectiveness of mitigation measures. The plan identifies monitoring objectives and specifies the type of monitoring, and stipulates mitigation measures. The main objectives of the social management plan are: 1. Describe the approach and procedures that will be used to ensure that the social impact avoidance and mitigation measures are successfully applied during the construction and operation of the project. 2. Prepare periodic reports on the socio-economic status of the project and the community, including activities or actions taken during the period and analysis and evaluation of results and present recommendations, to improve or develop better approach. 3. Implement and enhance all laws and regulations related to labor affairs and benefits. 4. Provide local awareness for the need of the WWTP and the nature of its service. A detailed record of public awareness activities should be properly documented. 5. Inform workers regarding onsite job risks. 6. Enforce equal opportunity employment for equal qualifications. Operators should be aware of the actual situation, existing standard operating and maintenance procedures, and safety measures for the operators and employees. The operators should be educated not only on operational- related matters but also on potential hazards and environmental, health and safety matters. In general, the operators should be aware of the following: • Issues related to the environment; • Reason and purpose for the environmental regulations; • Handling, storing, and labeling of chemicals and hazardous materials (including separate packing of hazardous waste in secure containers for separate collection); • Proper collection and intermediate storage of wastes at the WWTP; • Protection against health hazards; • Safety programs and prevention of accidents; and • Procedures for emergency care of injured personnel, and Control and maintenance of facilities. 40 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT During Construction Phase Environmental Potential Proposed Mitigation Measures Institutional Environmental Impacts Monitoring Responsibilities Frequency Element Construction will create a • Efficient sanitation must be maintained and • Ensure that • All the time significant number of monitored, with provision of health services. mitigation new jobs. Purchase of • The contractor should afford save and healthy measures are • All the time environment for the workforce. incorporated into construction material and • Provide recreational and social activities at bid documents. • All the time rent of construction construction camp during non-working hours. • Periodic visits by equipment. Workforce • Assure purchase of high quality material; improve PWA, MoH and Contractor, Socioeconomic PWA,MoH, • All the time might be from outside the local economy by involvement of local contractors. MoL MoL immediate neighborhood and thus living in temporary quarters subject to disease, noise and dust. 47 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT • Construction activities should be scheduled carefully • Review of plans and • Per activity to minimize the impact of noise from construction specifications to Noise due to heavy machinery. ensure incorporation construction machinery • Night-time construction using heavy machinery such of noise mitigation • Every night and vehicular movement, as pile drivers and concrete vibrators should be measures. potentially affecting the prohibited all night hours. • Contractor to map • Good maintenance and proper operation of locations of Contractor, • Monthly Noise residents. Generally, Hebron construction machinery to minimize noise sensitive noise (construction construction noise generation. receptors in sitting Municipality, and traffic exceeding a noise level of • Selection of transport routes for large vehicles to pumping PWA, MoT, • All the time noise) 70 dB has significant avoid residential areas. stations(s) and MoPWH. impacts on surrounding • Scheduling of the working hours and days to avoid present for • All the time approval. sensitive receptors within sensitive seasons, days, or hours (limit to Saturday - Thursday, 07:00 to 18:00 hrs or daylight hours) 50 meters of the • Complying with the noise limits during construction construction sites. activities. • Every time • Include noise mitigation requirements in project bid • Every time documents. • Inform residents and businesses near alignment of • During construction duration and schedule. Construction • Provide noise protection wears for construction • During workers and operators Construction 48 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT • Traffic plans should be prepared before • Contractor will • Once construction in conjunction with relevant authority. document • Regulating traffic at the road crossings and neighborhood improve existing roads to accommodate increased meeting, • Annual Traffic congestion caused heavy traffic. notification by increased construction • Select transport routes to reduce disturbance to materials, and other traffic in the areas, regular traffic. communications. • Every time altering public safety. • Divert traffic at peak traffic hours. • Contractor will Construction will • Potential access restrictions during construction provide contact • Daily will be localized and temporary, but the Contractor reports with temporarily disrupt traffic Contractor, • Monthly will notify receptors at least one week in advance affected parties. Infrastructure patterns in the vicinity of of the schedule and duration of construction. The • Ensure that MoT, Hebron and services project facilities. Contractor will also coordinate with providers of mitigation measures Municipality, Temporary impacts to fire and police protection and hospitals to ensure are incorporated PWA, Police. services and utilities continued access during construction into bid documents. during construction such • As applicable, conduct underground utility • Contractor shall searches prior to construction Citizens, businesses implement required as cutting water supply and public facilities will be informed of the water mitigation service during installation measures • Once supply cutting schedule. of sewer pipelines • Emergency service providers shall be provided with contact names, locations. • Once 49 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT • Contractors should be required to take safety • Review of • All the time measures at the construction sites, and geotechnical warning signs should be provided to alert of analysis and potential safety hazards at and around the compare to bid construction sites. documents to • Contractors and construction supervision ensure • Monthly should be introduced to the environmental recommendations protection measures. are incorporated Problems related to Environmental protection measures in • Review of bid • Once Public Safety public and workers • connection with construction operations are documents to Contractor, and protection safety due to the works required as integral parts of the engineering ensure that Consultant, in the project Traffic (Geology and accidents contracts. applicable codes Hebron seismicity Provide traffic regulation signs. and regulations are Municipality, Risks and seismic • PWA, MEnA. • Monthly included) activities. Facilities have generally been sited far from incorporated. • • Once habitation and will be designed in compliance with seismic loads in design, exit, and emergency. Contractor will adhere to health and safety • regulations. • Once A detailed geological and foundation analysis • All the time • has been conducted. No unique geologic or physical features will be altered 50 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT • Contractor will have to continuously monitor Contractor shall • Every time any archaeological evidence revealed during immediately report construction any material to the • Every time • Construction should be immediately Inspector. The Damaging of heritage suspended • Every time Heritage and if any archaeological or other cultural Contractor shall Contactor, and archaeological sites cultural properties are found. document the time PWA, MoTA within the construction • properties MoTA and the project management office and date of the area should be notified promptly and only after a materials discovery thorough investigation will construction and the time and resume. date of his contact with MoTA MoTA shall visit the site and approve the site boundary designated. The project inspector shall monitor activities near the established boundary 51 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT • Occupational health and safety measures • Contractor will • All the time should be taken at the construction sites. provide safety • Every time • First aid kits and units should be available at training and the site. inspection. • All the time • Workers should consult the appointed safety • All accidents will • Every time officer of the site in regularly. be reported. • Every time Construction workers Prepare WWTP safety manual and emergency • Unsafe conditions • Contractor, Occupational might be exposed to or response plan. will be corrected. Health injured by different • Adhere to health and safety regulations on • Agency review of PWA, construction site(s). manual and MoL, MoH occupational hazards emergency response plan • Develop and implement training program, overseen by owner 52 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT Post Development Phase Proposed Mitigation Institutional Environmental Potential Measures Monitoring Responsibility Frequency Element Environmental Impacts • Monitoring and enforcement programs should be Include in O&M • All the time applied to the noise generated. The noise should Manual; check Hebron Noise generated from not exceed the local or international limits for WWTP inventory Municipality, vehicles movements, WWTP and industrial areas. Noise PWA. noise generated from • The pumps, machines, activities should also • All the time pumps, WWTP activities comply with the noise limits and installation requirements. 53 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT • Comply with the Palestinian Labor Law • Report damage • Every time Traffic accidents, noise • Constructing effective fire fighting system to • Once waves, accidents and • Comply with the national and international gas • All the time MEnA and PWA; emissions standards for both, vehicles and MEnA and PWA injuries during work, gas treatment systems oversee repairs. emissions from the • Constricting ventilation systems to maintain the • Periodic • Yearly vehicles movements from healthy air. inspections and • All the time and to the project and the • Implementing warning signs, and traffic control laboratory Hebron • Yearly Public gas emissions from the devices. analysis of crops Municipality, Occupational and soil. PWA, Civil WWTP. Use of • Maintain fire alarm and warning systems • All the time Health and defense Safety hazardous chemicals in • Maintain emergency exists for fire and seismic • All the time situations wastewater treatment. • Adhere to all applicable standards for wastewater The large, deep reservoir • All the time reuse in irrigation. Develop agribusiness may attract swimmers, partnership. • All the time livestock, and perhaps • Operation and Management manual contains bird hunters. Damage due industry standards tor chemical handling. Worker to seismic event require appropriate training program. • Construct steep bank slopes as soil stability • Once allows. Post signage in Arabic and Hebrew around the reservoir to warn that the water stored is not potable and dangerous tor swimming. Hunting will be prohibited. The reservoir shall be included In the WWTP security rounds. A fence shall be constructed around the reservoir to restrict access Repair damage as soon as possible after a seismic Every Time event. 54 ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESCHIA) FOR THE HEBRON GOVERNORATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT • Coordinate training and public awareness for new • Once The project will affect workers several entities such as • Implement regular environmental checks; public • Bi-monthly municipalities, awareness campaigns; regular checks of vehicles; Hebron authorities and reuse and recycling options; maintenance Municipality, Institutional ministries. activities; etc. PWA, MoLG, It will also affect farmers • Coordinate with PWA for the implementation and MEnA. • All the time who are to reuse operation of the WWTP. wastewater and sludge. • Support farmers cooperative and farmers' family • All the time businesses. The Neighbourhood area • Commitment in the exhaust, emissions and noise • All the time Neighborhood Hebron may be affected by noise limits. • Monthly residential Municipality, and dust from to the • Control and management to avoid congestions PWA. area WWTP. • Effective Solid Waste Management Plan. • All the time Loss of tourism and • Commitment in noise, dust and emissions • All the time recreational value if the standards Tourism and Hebron aesthetic, noise, air • Traffic management and maintain water and • Every time Recreation Municipality pollution and services not electricity supply well maintained. • Maintain the green areas • All the time 55 Annex V: Social Safeguards Matrix Permanent Land Acquisition Temporary Land Acquisition (during construction) Detailed list of impacts Total Total Total # of Total Total Total # of amount of HH HH/persons businesses amount of HH HH businesses land affected displaced affected land affected displaced affected Component 4: Civil Works Civil Works During the Construction of the WWTP Construction of Improve living conditions for None; None None None None None None None the WWTP around 230,000 inhabitants in The WWTP Hebron and local communities would be constructed in Wadi asSamen area, on an area improve public health through of 110 the treatment of wastewater, donums of and increase available water lands owned quantity through reducing the by PWA. use of fresh water in Agriculture and Industry and using the treated water for such purposes. Civil Works Du ring the Construction of the Trunk Sewer Construction of Improve public health through The None None None None None None None Trunk Sewer the extension of the sewage extension of trunk line with length around 1 the sewage trunk will km from the current outfall to be in the the WWTP, decrees social and Wadi institutional disputes on as-Samen wastewater flow impacts in itself with Wadi as-Samen, reduce the no change to the current wastewater Permanent Land Acquisition Temporary Land Acquisition (during construction) Detailed list of impacts Total Total Total # of Total Total Total # of amount of HH HH/persons businesses amount of HH HH businesses land affected displaced affected land affected displaced affected damage of agriculture lands flow course that resulted from wastewater flow in Wadi as-Samen. Enterprises Market During the construction N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A phase of both the WWTP and the Trunk Sewer, market activities might be impacted by the dust, noise and by the traffic congestion. This is only temporary. After the project implementation those impacts will vanish. Schools During Construction, traffic N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A congestion, dust and noise will impact the school activities, but temporarily. Other Same as above. N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A enterprises Private Shops Same as above N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Annex VI PWA and HM confirmation letter related to OP 4.12: