E4548 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Environmental and Social Management Guidelines Report April 22, 2014 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Table of Contents List of Acronyms 1. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT ...................................................................... 1 1.1 THE PROJECT ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPONENTS ........................................................................ 2 1.2.1 Component 1: Rapid Employment Scheme ................................................................ 2 1.2.2 Component 2: Pre-Employment Training .................................................................... 4 1.2.3 Component 3: Project Management and Support ....................................................... 4 1.3 EXECUTING AGENCIES AND INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS .................................................... 5 1.3.1 Executing Agencies ..................................................................................................... 5 1.3.2 Project Oversight, Coordination and Management ..................................................... 6 1.3.3 Monitoring and Evaluation ........................................................................................... 6 1.4 PURPOSE OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL MANAGEMENT GUIDELINES ................................. 6 1.5 SCOPE OF THE REPORT ......................................................................................................... 7 2 BASELINE DATA AND CONDITIONS........................................................................................ 8 2.1 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ....................................................................................................... 8 2.2 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT .................................................................................................. 10 2.3 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT ...................................................................11 3 REGULATORY AND POLICY FRAMEWORK ......................................................................... 17 3.1 THE ENVIRONMENT ACT ....................................................................................................... 17 3.2 DEVELOPMENT CONSENT APPLICATIONS ............................................................................... 18 3.3 LAND AND TITLES ACT .......................................................................................................... 19 3.4 ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND TRIGGERS WITHIN THE REP .................................. 19 3.4.1 Recommendations in Respect of Involuntary Resettlement ..................................... 23 3.4.2 Discussion of Relevance of OP 4.10 – Indigenous People ....................................... 23 4 INSTITUTIONAL ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................. 25 4.1 MINISTRY OF INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT ..................................................................... 25 4.2 HONIARA CITY COUNCIL ....................................................................................................... 25 4.3 INSTITUTIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF ESMG UNDER THE PROJECT ....... 27 4.4 CAPACITY BUILDING AND TRAINING PLAN .............................................................................. 30 5 MANAGING ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS ...................................................... 31 5.1 IDENTIFICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ISSUES ....................................................... 31 5.2 DEALING WITH LAND ACQUISITION ISSUES ............................................................................. 34 5.3 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT ......................................................................... 34 6 CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE ..................................................................................... 36 6.1 STAKEHOLDERS CONSULTED DURING PROJECT IDENTIFICATION AND PREPARATION OF ESMG 36 6.2 METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................... 37 6.3 ISSUES RAISED & MITIGATING ACTIONS BEING TAKEN BY THE PROJECT.................................. 37 6.4 CONSULTATION PLAN ........................................................................................................... 37 6.5 DISCLOSURE ....................................................................................................................... 38 7 MONITORING PLAN ................................................................................................................ 39 APPENDICES Appendix 1 – Environmental Management Plan Appendix 2 – Resettlement Policy Framework Appendix 3 – List of People Consulted During ESMG Preparation Appendix 4 – Consultation Plan SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page i Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project List of Acronyms ADB Asian Development Bank AusAID Australian Agency for International Development BNPL Basic Needs Poverty Line CCP Consultation and Communications Plan (for the REP) CSP Community Sector Project (AusAID funded) EAs Executing Agencies (counterpart SIG agencies for the REP) ECD Environment and Conservation Division (MECM) EIS Environmental Impact Statement EMP Environmental Management Plan ESMG Environmental and Social Management Guidelines HCC Honiara City Council IDA International Development Agency ITSDP Interim Transport Sector Development Project (AusAID, yet to commence) Km kilometer LBES Labor-based equipment support LI Labor intensive M&E Monitoring and evaluation MID Ministry of Infrastructure Development MECM Ministry of Environment, Conservation and Meteorology MFT Ministry of Finance and Treasury MWYCA Ministry of Women, Youth and Children’s Affairs NYC National Youth Congress NZAID New Zealand Agency for International Development OMD Operations and Maintenance Division (MID) OP Operational Policy (covering various safeguards – World Bank) PER Public Environmental Report PET Pre-Employment Training (Component 2 of the REP) PMCBU Project Management and Capacity Building Project (within MID for SIRIP) POM Project Operations Manual PRIF Pacific Region Infrastructure Fund PSC Project Steering Committee (REP) RAMSI Regional Assistance Mission to the Solomon Islands REP Rapid Employment Project RES Rapid Employment Scheme (Component 1 of the REP) RPF Resettlement Policy Framework SIG Solomon Island Government SIRIP Solomon Islands Road Improvement (Sector) Project (NZAID, AusAID and ADB) SPF State and Peace-building Fund TIMS Transport Infrastructure Management Services (MID) TPPD Transport Policy and Planning Division (MID) TSPD Transport Sector Development Project (ADB, yet to commence) WB World Bank WD Works Division (HCC) YSWAD Youth, Sports and Women’s Affairs Division (HCC) SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page ii Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project 1. Description of the Proposed Project 1.1 The Project The Solomon Islands Government (SIG) with support and assistance from the World Bank (WB) is preparing the Rapid Employment Project (REP). The project concept grew out of SIG and development partner concerns of the potential impact that the global economic crisis might have on the urban unemployed or under-employed in Honiara where previous social and economic tensions had erupted into violence and conflict. Following a previous identification mission (May 2009), the SIG requested the WB to support the proposed REP1 and the WB was able to secure the estimated required resources from three sources; (i) an International Development Assistance (IDA) grant of US$ 2.0 million; (ii) a Pacific Regional Infrastructure Fund (PRIF) grant of US$ 2.0 million; and (iii) a proposed State and Peace-building Fund (SPF) grant of US$ 2.0 million.2 The overall objectives of the REP include: (i) increasing incomes of the urban poor in and around Honiara city through the provision of short-term employment opportunities; and (ii) improve beneficiaries’ knowledge, experience and basic life-skills that are valued in the work place and society. The objectives would be achieved through two components: (i) a Rapid Employment Scheme (RES) that supports labor-intensive public works and services, and (ii) a Pre-Employment Training (PET) initiative to support participant transition into the RES. The project would also finance additional project management support including technical assistance, financial management and procurement, and incremental project staff, goods, and operational costs associated with the project. Secondary benefits would accrue to the target communities/neighborhoods and the general urban population from the infrastructure and services that are provided through the REP. The REP would be implemented over an estimated five year period and would consist of three components:  Component 1 – the RES would provide short-term temporary employment opportunities for the vulnerable urban poor through labor-intensive public works and the program is expected to generate approximately 500,000 labor days;  Component 2 – the PET would seek to improve understanding and skills of the targeted youth under the RES (approximately 50% of total beneficiaries) on issues related to basic money management, workplace behavior, adolescent health (including family planning, HIV/AIDS awareness, alcohol use/abuse) and domestic violence (social issues noted to be on the rise especially among urban groups); and  Component 3 – Project Management and Strengthening would inform and strengthen the planning and delivery of public works programs utilizing labor-intensive (LI) and labor-based equipment support (LBES) methodologies; and to support marginal additional technical assistance and capacity building needs within Ministry of Infrastructure Development (MID) and other implementing partners. 1 th In a letter from SIG – Ministry of Finance and Treasury dated July 10 2009. 2 PRIF is funded by AusAID and NZAID, and jointly administered by the WB and the Asian Development Bank (ADB), and SPF is administered by the WB. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 1 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Table 1.1 – REP Components: Proportion and Value Value in US$000 Component Proportion (million) Rapid Employment Scheme 5.31 74% Pre-Employment Training 0.77 11% Project Management* 0.59 8% Unallocated 0.50 7% Total** 7.11 100% * Project Management includes goods and operating costs for HCC and MID to execute the RES. ** Given current projections, additional financing will be required. In this regard, discussions with AusAID and NZAID regarding technical assistance suggest some possible coverage, which will need to be confirmed at appraisal. th Source: World Bank; SI REP Mission Aide Memoire (October 29 2009) A more detailed description of each of the components is provided in Section 1.2. An estimated 500,000 labor-days of employment is currently projected under the REP that would include approximately 60 kilometers (km) of road rehabilitation and 100 km of road maintenance3 in Honiara; and a variety of urban public works and services in and around the capital city including rubbish/waste collection, landscaping, general city maintenance and clean-up, construction of footpaths, steps, and clearing existing or constructing new drainage. The REP seeks to target urban and peri-urban poor, specifically those households living below the Basic Needs Poverty Line (BNPL), and expects to reach at least half of the poorest households. It is also expected that the project includes at least 50% youth (ages 16 to 29 years) considered to be a potential source of social unrest, and would support equitable gender participation (as a proportion of men and women in the general population). The REP, as currently designed, exclusively targets Honiara City and its environs. However, if additional resources become available, given SIG interest and support from other development partners, the project would look to extend to provincial towns such as Auki (Malaita) and Gizo (Western). 1.2 Detailed Description of the Components 1.2.1 Component 1: Rapid Employment Scheme The RES (estimated US$ 5.3 million) will support short-term temporary employment opportunities for the vulnerable urban poor through labor-intensive public works and urban services in and around Honiara. Implementation will be targeted at reaching the poorer parts of the urban wards and communities with the highest number of unemployed. The project will also prioritize the participation of vulnerable women and youth, with at least 50% of project beneficiaries coming from these two groups. The component will consist of two sub-components: 1.A - Road Repair and Maintenance to be executed by Ministry of Infrastructure Development (MID), and 1.B - Public Works and Services to be executed by Honiara City Council (HCC). 3 An additional 23 km of unpaved roads within 8 km east of Lugga River may be added to these initial estimates to further expand the coverage of works under the REP. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 2 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project (a) Sub-Component 1A - Road Repair and Maintenance This sub-component is estimated at US$2.6 million and will be executed by MID working through local works contractors, and is expected to generate approximately 250,000 labor- days over the course of the Project.4 The agreed-upon focus of this sub-component will be the 105 km of the tertiary, unpaved “spur” roads in and around Honiara that recently have been inventoried by HCC and which MID is currently conducting detailed condition surveys, prior to subsequent tendering and works.5 This proposed work is consistent with the National Transport Plan (NTP) that gives priority to maintaining the existing road network (over constructing new roads). These short links between settlements/housing areas and the main urban (paved) road network have an important access function for a large number of Honiara residents, and as such serve an important social and economic purpose. It is expected that a large proportion of these unpaved roads will require significant repair work to bring them back into a maintainable condition mainly by restoring positive drainage; this includes side road drainage ditches, cross drainage, turn-outs, and scour checks for erosion sensitive areas in steeper sections, and formation of camber on the road. While repair works of the drainage system (including camber) is often done using machines, or a combination of labor and machines (LBES), the REP will apply labor intensive (LI) methods, using appropriate machinery for compaction only. Regular road maintenance work would be carried out on all restored roads as well as those that are found (through the condition survey) to be in acceptable condition. It is estimated that repair work will generate approximately 150,000 labor-days while regular maintenance for the four-year implementation period an additional 100,000 labor days. MID will contract medium size contractors for these repair works, who in turn will work through community groups to mobilize local labor for these activities. While MID and its contractors have gained experience with LBES works activities under the Solomon Islands Road Improvement (Sector) Project (SIRIP), further training of, and support to, both contractors and supervising consultants will be necessary to optimize labor input under the REP. In this regard, MID will follow-up with AusAID to ensure that the upcoming Interim Transport Sector Development Project (ITSDP) will be able to cater for those contractors working in and around Honiara, and that consultant supervisors added under the REP would also have access to the technical assistance and support to be provided through the Asian Development Bank’s (ADB) new support program – Transport Sector Development Project (TSDP) – once that is commenced. (b) Sub-Component 1B - Urban Works and Services This component is estimated at US$2.7 million and will be executed by HCC through both the Works Division (WD) and Youth, Sport and Women’s Affairs Division (YSWAD). The WD will focus on activities that require technical design and supervision input, such as restoration of footpaths, construction of steps/stairs (leading to settlements and schools) and construction/repair of drainage. Landscaping and plantings trees, and/or putting vegetation cover along the steps shall also be considered. Depending on the size and complexity of the activities, work would be carried out either directly through community groups or through contractors. The YSWAD would support the organization of community groups and facilitating labor input for urban services such as rubbish/waste collection, river clean-up or brushing of road-sides, parks and other public areas. 4 This does not include an estimated additional 23 km of roads immediately outside the Honiara city boundaries that may generate up to an additional 50,000 labor-days of rehabilitation and maintenance work. 5 MID formally assumed responsibility for maintaining all of the roads within Honiara City in 2007. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 3 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Both Divisions within HCC have some experience with similar types of subprojects, though the scale has been limited, therefore the REP will cater for increasing capacity through technical assistance, additional project staff, and other key inputs. Building on HCC’s community projects program, these urban works and services subprojects may be demand-driven, however, HCC could also specifically target neighborhoods, settlements or specific works activities for subproject investment in order to enhance poverty targeting or to support critical infrastructure needs (e.g. drainage work in the low-lying White River area). 1.2.2 Component 2: Pre-Employment Training The PET is a “life skills development” component estimated at US$ 0.8 million and will provide an estimated 7,500 RES participants6 with information and training that would better ensure their overall health, prosperity, safety and a smoother transition into their assigned RES work program that will immediately follow their training. The training is geared toward supporting changes in lifestyle, values, and behavior that will lead participants to more productive and socially responsible lives, and the component will include counseling in support of this. Each new participant selected for the RES will be required to satisfactorily complete the PET course prior to being engaged under the RES. The PET component will provide a mechanism to address many of the socially unacceptable behaviors found in disadvantaged populations before they are placed into the RES. For instance, a participant who comes to class while under the influence of drugs or alcohol, or frequently arrives late to class can be counseled with a view toward helping that person to understand that such behavior may cause conflict with employers, or even result in early termination from employment. The HCC will oversee this component, which will be implemented by a technical services contractor with experience in similar types of non-formal education. The WB has prepared a Draft Terms of Reference and has recommended that a short-term advisor (to be financed out of grant funding under the SPF) support the HCC in finalizing the tendering and recruitment process for this consultant. It is estimated that each class will be for about 30 training hours offered over a period of one week (6 hours a day). It is estimated that 250 classes will be offered to participants over a five year period. Each class will enroll 20-40 participants with an expected average of 30. Each participant will also have access to the services of a professional counselor. This counselor will be focused on the identification and alleviation of personal issues, and dysfunctional attitudes, values and behaviors that could be a barrier to success in the RES and sustainable employment for that participant in the future. The training contractor will also be responsible for sensitizing participating communities about the REP, and in orienting community groups about the contracting arrangements, as well as their specific responsibilities regarding participant selection and wage distribution. In addition, the training contractor will be responsible for collecting socio-economic data on participants and monitoring the outcomes of the training in terms of the satisfaction of the works contractors. 1.2.3 Component 3: Project Management and Support The Project Management and Support component is estimated at US$ 0.6 million and will be made available to finance incremental project management and implementation requirements of both the MID and HCC. 6 This number is based on an assumption that RES beneficiaries will receive an average of 50 labor-days of work per year (for four years) and that 50% of participants will have previously benefited from the RES, and therefore would not require a second round of PET. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 4 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project These funds would finance recommended additional project staff in both agencies (procurement and finance officers, works supervisors), short-term technical advisory services (financial management procedures, training contract tender evaluation, and other areas as identified), and to cover incremental operating costs and essential goods in support of the REP. 1.3 Executing Agencies and Institutional Arrangements 1.3.1 Executing Agencies Within MID the Director of Transport Infrastructure Management Services (TIMS) will assume overall responsibility for the management of Subcomponent 1.A - Road Rehabilitation and Maintenance. Under TIMS the Transport Policy and Planning Division (TPPD) will take lead responsibility for technical preparation, procurement, supervision and financial management of these activities. HCC’s WD would take the lead on identifying and organizing Sub-component 1.B - Public Works and Services, this would most likely be along the lines of the ongoing community works program already being implemented by HCC, and YSWAD would oversee implementation of the PET component. HCC procurement would be the responsibility of the Corporate Services Division with support from the WD for works tenders. The HCC’s Finance Division would oversee the project account and all related financial management responsibilities. The project will finance additional technical staff and short-term advisory support to supplement capacity within both agencies to carry out these responsibilities. The diagram below shows the organizational structure for the REP. Figure 1.1 – Organisation and Management Structure of REP Project Steering Committee MID Technical HCC Committee WD/YSWAD TPPD Sub-Component 1B: Sub-Component 1A: Road Urban Public Works and Rehabilitation & Maintenance Services HCC/YSWAD Component 2: Pre-Employment Training SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 5 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project As agreed with Ministry of Finance and Treasury (MFT), and the WB’s financial and legal departments, each agency will manage a separate Designated Account to finance their respective responsibilities under the REP. In its Aide Memoire, the Mission noted that key technical assistance is in place, or proposed, for both agencies to strengthen their implementation capacity, and is seeking assurances from relevant bilateral and multi-lateral donors for the continuation of this support.7 1.3.2 Project Oversight, Coordination and Management A Project Steering Committee (PSC) will be formed to help ensure coherence of the project with SIG policies and other government and development partner initiatives, to oversee the overall performance of the project and to ensure adequate levels of cross-ministry and SIG coordination. The PSC will meet bi-annually and include representatives of MID, MFT, Ministry of Women, Youth, and Children’s Affairs (MWYCA), and Ministries of Development Planning and Aid Coordination; Commerce, Industry and Employment; and Home Affairs, and the office of the Lord Mayor, as well as representatives of SIG’s other development partners. The PSC’s TOR and membership will be specified in the Project Operations Manual (POM). A Technical Committee mainly comprised of MID and HCC representatives will meet on a quarterly basis or more frequently if needed. This Committee will ensure close coordination between the two executing agencies, particularly on joint activities relating to financial management, procurement and technical planning as well as execution of joint activities regarding training and public works in Honiara. Similar to that for the PSC, the Committee’s TOR and membership will be specified in the POM. 1.3.3 Monitoring and Evaluation Regular monitoring of project activities and, in particular, the performance of specific contractors (including the training provider under Component 2) and community groups will rest with (i) MID’s TPPD for Component 1.A; (ii) HCC’s WD for Component 1.B; and (iii) HCC’s YSWAD for some aspects of the urban services as well as for the delivery of training under Component 2. Regular data provided by works and the training contractors will serve as the basis for this monitoring. In addition, the training services contractor will record basic socio-economic data as part of the registration process under Component 2, and conduct surveys of both communities and contractors to respond to key outcome indicators. Short-term technical assistance would be available to assist both HCC and MID in adapting existing or new management information systems to capture and report on relevant output and outcome data. 1.4 Purpose of the Environmental & Social Management Guidelines The objective of the environmental and social management guidelines (ESMG) is to set out the processes and measures to be taken during implementation of these activities to ensure the impacts are avoided, reversed or effectively managed. The scope of work is to prepare the ESMG for the REP that are consistent and in compliance with SIG law and WB safeguard policies and guidelines. The ESMG will address implementation issues associated with the activities to be financed in the REP and will provide the measures for mitigating and monitoring potential impacts, from these activities. 7 th The Aide Memoire dated 29 October 2009 noted ongoing support including NZAID support to HCC through the CWLGF, ADB, AusAID and NZAID support to MID under SIRIP, AusAID support of MID under the continuation of CSP, and proposed ADB support to MID under the TSDP. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 6 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project The activities funded under Component 1 (referred to in Section 1.2) may have adverse environmental impacts which are likely to be minor and site specific, and in most cases these impacts can either be avoided altogether, or alternatively can be easily reversed or satisfactorily managed through the use of readily available and widely used mitigation measures. In summary, the guidelines set out the processes and measures to be taken to during implementation of these activities to ensure these impacts are avoided, reversed or effectively managed. 1.5 Scope of the Report The scope of this report is as follows: Section 1 introduces the REP and provides some detail on the various components, executing agencies and institutional arrangements for implementation; Section 2 provides a description of the baseline physical, biological, and socio- economic environmental conditions within the Project Area; Section 3 sets out the regulatory and policy framework for the REP and includes an equivalence analysis of the WB’s safeguards viz-a-viz the SIG law covering environmental assessment and resettlement; Section 4 covers the institutional arrangements for the Project and includes some recommendations in terms of training and capacity building; Section 5 identifies the anticipated environmental and social impacts of the various works and activities, along with the mitigation measures and process for implementing the environmental management plans; Section 6 covers the consultations undertaken during preparation of the ESMG and includes the Consultation Plan; and Section 7 provides the suggested indicators to be monitored for the ESMG component of the Project. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 7 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project 2 Baseline Data and Conditions This baseline of existing conditions has been compiled based on site visits and field observations, and a number of secondary sources including the Census, Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES), and the UNDP’s poverty assessment and report (based on analysis of HIES data),8 and various reports made available by MID and HCC. 2.1 Physical Environment As shown in Figure 2.1, the REP will be implemented in Honiara, the capital city of the Solomon Islands and located on Guadalcanal. Figure 2.1 – Location of Project Area (a) Topography and Hydrology The island of Guadalcanal is approximately 148 km long and 50 km wide with a northwest- southeast orientation. The physical environment of Guadalcanal displays marked extremes, with the two highest peaks in the country, rugged mountains, and a large and highly productive area in the north, known as the Guadalcanal Plains. The Project Area includes the 12 wards within the jurisdiction of HCC, as shown on Figure 2.2. The area is bounded by White River in the west and Lugga River in the east. The 12 wards cover a varied topography ranging from coastal plains and lowlands to steep hills and ridges. The main ridges include Jackson (Panatina), Kola’a (Kola’a) Skyline (Vavaea) and Upper Tasahe (Ngossi). Low-lying areas, with often inundated areas (as a result of poor drainage and existence of numerous creeks and rivers), include the White River area in Ngossi and Kukum. An area immediately west of the Ranadi Industrial Area (Panatina) – Burns Creek - is extremely low lying, should additional works be undertaken in the area east of the Lugga River, some footpaths (boardwalks) through the swampy areas of Burns Creek may be improved under the project. A third large river - Mataniko – forms the boundary between HCC and Guadalcanal Province in the hills behind the Kola’a ridge (Tuvaruhu and Gegama area) and flows to the coast through Vuhokesa and Mataniko wards and passing through Chinatown. 8 UNDP a; A Report on the Estimation of Basic Needs Poverty Lines and the Incidence and Characteristics of Poverty in Solomon Islands, Suva, Fiji (August 2007) SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 8 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Figure 2.2 – Honiara City Council Area by Wards Source: Population GIS Database Ward Maps (b) Climate The climate is controlled largely by the seasonal movement of the equatorial trough. The temperature in the Solomon Islands is relatively uniform ranging from 22oC to 31oC throughout the year with an average maximum of 31oC and an overall average temperature of 26oC in lowland areas. Relative humidity shows little seasonal variation but has marked diurnal fluctuation. Humidity is highest in the morning and frequently reaches 90%. Average, maximum and minimum annual rainfalls in Honiara are 1979 mm, 2863 mm and 1264 mm respectively. The largest daily rainfall recorded is 224 mm (January 1972). Based on frequency curves derived from rainfall data, a daily rainfall intensity frequency analysis for Honiara indicated the rainfall intensities shown in Table 2.1. The rainfall event in January/February 2009 which caused widespread damage in northwest Guadalcanal was considered to have a 50-year return period. Table 2.1 – Daily Rainfall Frequency at Honiara Rainfall Return Period Maximum Daily Daily Rainfall Intensity (years) Rainfall (mm) (mm/hr) 2 106.1 4.4 10 194.6 8.1 50 254.0 10.6 100 282.1 11.8 Source: Guadalcanal Main Road Rehabilitation – Flood Analysis Report (MID, May 2009) (c) Geology The geology of Guadalcanal is dominated by igneous rocks generated by volcanism during the Oligocene to Pleistocene periods. These mostly comprise basaltic and andesitic lavas and ash deposits with the Tiaro tuff breccias and Gallego andestites being the most common rocks. The area also has significant alluvial deposits along the coast and the river valleys. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 9 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Due to the location of Solomon Islands at the junction of tectonic plates, there is constant seismic activity including earthquakes and uplifting of land and reef areas. In the 1970s an earthquake affected the populations of Guadalcanal. Three new villages, New Duidui, New Gorabau and Vatuloki, were constructed at Aruligo in the north-west in 1977 (beyond the Project Area) after people’s original homes on the weather coast were completely destroyed by the earthquake. 2.2 Biological Environment (a) Coastal Habitat The coastal zone along the Project Area is characterized by highly variable patchy ecosystems that include estuaries, lagoons, beaches, mangroves, coral reef areas, sea grass beds, and algal beds. The area is highly urbanised and sections of the coast, in addition to residential areas, have been developed for industrial, port, or hotel uses and thus the quality of coastal habitat is degraded and very low. Coral reefs are narrow, fringing, and intermittently distributed. The dominant coastal ecosystems are narrow fringing coral reefs, landward of which are developed back-reef and sea-grass areas to the west and east of the REP area. Small patches of sandy lagoon habitats occur where the reef interacts with outflow from streams and small coastal lagoons have formed at the mouth of many of the rivers. (b) Marine and Terrestrial Flora The marine flora is dominated by sea-grasses in a narrow band close to shore, and by algae further seaward. Algal communities located further offshore within the back-reef area are dominated by coralline encrusting algae, Halimeda discoidea and Halimeda sp., Padina, and blue-green algal turf. Guadalcanal has two types of forests: lowland rain forests and seasonally dry forest not found in other provinces, in addition to grasslands. The grasslands on north and northwest Guadalcanal appear to be the result of repeated burning preventing the re-establishment of secondary forest. The project area is coastal and as it ascends into the hills and ridges, traverses areas of what would have once been lowland coastal forest, small pockets of freshwater swamp and even smaller pockets of mangroves near the mouth of rivers. Within the REP area, the Main Road is located in a continuous and narrow coastal alluvial area defined at its landward end by higher volcanic outcrops and that has been heavily the subject of development, (CBD, residential, commercial activities and industrial area development). The vegetation is now largely degraded coastal lowland forest vegetated with coconut and cocoa plantations, and interspersed with subsistence gardens and regenerating scrubland. Where there are no gardens or plantations, the small tracts of coastal forest – associated with streams and rivers - that remain usually comprises Callophyllum sp, Barringtonia asiatica, Macaranga sp, Morinda citrifolia, Pometia, Ficus and Terminalia species. The most densely vegetated areas can be found in the upper reaches of Mbumburu and Jackson Ridge where there are no or few roads and thus the areas have remained undeveloped. The homestead gardens and subsistence gardens usually comprise stands of bananas (Musa sp), swamp taro (Cyrtosperma johnstonii), cassava (Manihot esculenta), mango, pawpaw (Carica papaya) and species of sweet potato (Ipomea batatas) and taro (Xanthosoma lindenii) plots. The road sides are mostly dominated by smaller plants or herbs including Wolstonia biflora, Macaranga tanarius, while Scaevola taccada, Alpinia purpurata and non-tree ferns are typical vegetation along the roads and verges. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 10 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project (c) Marine and Terrestrial Fauna Fish fauna is characterized by 24 common species of reef-associated fishes in nine families. Most individuals are small and flighty, suggesting that fishing pressure on these reef fishes is significant. On Guadalcanal, there are no known studies of river fauna. The potential aquatic fauna of the rivers in the REP area will be less diverse and significant than in other parts of the island due to the urbanization and changes in stream, creak and river catchments but is likely to include small reptiles, fishes, crustaceans and molluscs such as prawns (Macrobracium rosenbergii), eels (Anguilla marmorata), and fishes such as flagtails (Kuhlia) and gudgeons. Overall the terrestrial fauna of Solomon Islands is extremely diverse, probably with a greater diversity of land animals that any other Pacific island country and has a high level of endemism.9 Fauna includes 223 species of birds (173 residential terrestrial species and 50 other species of shore/sea birds and visitors), 52 mammals10, 61 species of reptiles (25 are endemic), and 17 species of frogs. In terms of distribution, there is a relatively high level of island endemism. While Western Province records the largest number of species (41), Choiseul and Guadalcanal Provinces have the highest rate of island endemism with six species being found on only one or two islands. Field observations do not show significant wildlife species within the project area. (d) Rare/Endangered Species and Protected Areas No endemic or endangered species were observed during field investigations undertaken for REP or other recent projects (ADB) on Guadalcanal. The crocodile (Crocodilus porosus) is listed as least concern on the Red List. In an area beyond the REP area (around the Belamatanga Bridge on the western end of Guadalcanal), a crocodile was sighted on one occasion in 2000, at the river-mouth during a very high flow. Consultations with the people in the adjacent village concluded that they have not sighted any crocodiles upstream since they settled there in the early 1970s. There are no protected areas or community based marine protected areas within the REP area. There are two small parks associated with war memorials (Japanese Memorial near Green Valley and American Memorial in Skyline). The other designated areas include the Botanical Gardens and Kings Park. 2.3 Socio-economic and Cultural Environment (a) Land Use Honiara city may be regarded as one of the major land uses on Guadalcanal. It occupies a large part of the north-west coastal side of the island. The Guadalcanal Provincial office is situated in Honiara, and Henderson International Airport is located east of Honiara, outside the HCC boundaries. The largest open-air food market is in Honiara CBD, two smaller markets exist at Kukum on the eastern side of the town, and at White River on the western side of the town.11 There are also numerous smaller, and often illegal, markets that operate in villages, associated with schools and health clinics, as well as along the Main Road and other major routes. 9 UNDP b; Common Country Assessment, Suva, Fiji (2002) 10 All terrestrial mammals belong to the families of bats and rats and are regarded as amongst the world’s richest. Bats include 26 species of fruit bat or flying fox and 18 species of insect eating bat. The giant rat is the largest land mammal in Solomon Islands. 11 The White River market is informal and did not have permits, the HCC recently removed the stalls. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 11 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project (b) Land Ownership While most land on Guadalcanal island is non-registered customary land (83%), 10% is registered alienated land, with the balance being owned by Government (4%) and private owners (2%). Within HCC boundaries (i.e. the town boundary) all land is owned by the state and is held in Perpetual Estate Title on behalf of SIG by the Commissioner of Lands (COL). The COL enters into 50 year fixed term estate (FTE) agreements with individuals or shorter term Temporary Occupancy Licences (TOL). A TOL is valid for a period of one to two years, and permanent structures or improvements are not permitted on this land. As can be seen from Table 2.2, most of the land is under FTE arrangements. Table 2.2 – Land Area by Lease Arrangements within HCC 2 Area of land by land classification (km ) Ward Temporary Commissioner Fixed term occupation of Lands land estate land license land Cruz 0.4 0.4 0.0 Kola’a 4.8 3.9 0.9 Kukum 0.3 0.3 0.0 Mataniko 0.9 0.8 0.1 Mbumburu 1.2 1.2 0.0 Naha 0.1 0.1 0.0 Ngossi 4.0 3.5 0.5 Panatina 7.6 7.1 0.5 Rove/Lengakiki 1.1 1.1 0.0 Vavaea 1.6 1.5 0.1 Vuhokesa 0.3 0.3 0.0 Vura 2.2 2.1 0.1 HCC Total 24.5 22.2 2.3 Source: Ministry of Lands – Valuation Division (2010) Within Panatina ward is an area known as Burns Creek, which is predominantly under TOL arrangement, and covers an area of 0.0309 km2. While this area is immediately outside of the town boundary, and falls under the jurisdiction of Guadalacanal Province, it is issued to the COL under perpetual estate title. (c) Population and Migration Since the Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands (RAMSI) force restored security in mid-2003, some of those who fled Guadalcanal have returned, and in addition others have come to the island seeking employment. Honiara and the surrounding rural areas remain an attractive destination for migrants from other islands, due largely to the possibility of selling food and produce in Honiara market, economic activity associated with RAMSI presence, and attractive agricultural environment. In terms of the whole island there is a concentration of people on the northern side of the island along the Guadalcanal Plains, which is where the three major economic and residential areas are located.12 As at the 1999 Census the total population of Guadalcanal was 109,382 people, with 49,107 people in Honiara.13 The data provided in the Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2005/06 (HIES) indicated a decreasing growth rate since the 1985 Census.14 12 SIG a; Report on the 1999 Population and Housing Census, Statistics Office, Honiara (2002) 13 SIG a; Ibid 14 SIG b; Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2005/06, Statistics Office, Honaira (2006) SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 12 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project The population grew rapidly, at 4.3% per year, for the inter-census period 1976–86. For the next period (1986–99) the growth rate had dropped to 1.5% due to the 1998/1999 departure of a large number of migrants from other provinces. There was a further large outflow of people in 2000, during the ethnic tensions. The annual growth rate for the period 1999 – 2005 provided in the HIES was 5.6%. Using a 5% annual growth rate over the period 1999 to 2009, the estimated population is currently in the order of 80,000, as shown in Table 2.3. Table 2.3 – Census and Estimated Population by Ward Total no. of Ward pop Total pop Estimated Ward h’holds 99 as % of 99 Census 2009 pop Census total Cruz 268 39 0.5 437 Kola’a 7,287 1,287 14.8 11,870 Kukum 1,969 249 4.0 3,207 Mataniko 2,898 411 5.9 4,721 Mbumburu 2,390 385 4.9 3,893 Naha 877 116 1.8 1,429 Ngossi 6,186 999 12.6 10,076 Panatina 9,274 1,444 18.9 15,106 Rove/Lengakiki 2,177 323 4.4 3,546 Vavaea 6,683 820 13.6 10,886 Vuhokesa 1,073 149 2.2 1,748 Vura 8,025 1,164 16.3 13,072 HCC Total 49,107 7,739 100.0 79,990 Source: SIG – 1999 Census and Consultant estimate The most populous ward is Panatina, followed by Vura, Vavaea and Ngossi. Population density is high at 3,265 people per km2, and with the most densely populated wards being the smallest in area (Cruz, Naha, Kukum and Mataniko). Based on data from the Census, the gender ratio was 109 males to 100 females, the information in the HIES shows that this has increased to 112:100, though life expectancy figures indicate that females live longer than men. The HIES also indicates that proportion of the population under 15 years of age and 65 years or older is 46% for males and 43% for females. It should be noted that the “unofficial” population of the HCC area is much higher than the recorded or enumerated population.15 The population is thought to be in the order of between 120,000 – 140,000 with approximately 30,000 informal settlers or squatters at any one time. This would mean that the growth rate is in the order of 12%, and is more than double the official growth rate. (d) Impacts of the Tensions The ethnic tension that affected Solomon Islands between 1999 and 2003 has had a profound impact on many people in Guadalcanal. Many people on the Weather Coast fled the fighting and moved inland or closer to Honiara. Approximately 12,800 people in Guadalcanal were displaced during the tensions, many of whom have settled on the north- east and north-west areas of the island.16 15 The 1999 Census questions related to where a person was from or where their clan/family lived, as opposed to where they were currently resident. 16 SIG a; op cit SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 13 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project On the north coast, much economic activity collapsed, including the closure of oil palm plantations, Gold Ridge mine, and many expatriate-owned plantations and industry were abandoned. Many facilities deteriorated or have been destroyed, and delivery of services has been severely affected and many migrants left the province. Security was restored by the RAMSI force from July 2003 onwards, but the economic, social, and demographic impacts continue in all parts of the province. As a result Guadalcanal province is considered to be about ten years behind in terms of socio-economic development.17 Due to migration and resettlement both before and after the tensions, there are large settlements and communities of people from Choiseul, Western and Malaita provinces in HCC wards. Such communities are governed informally and do not adhere to the traditional structure of chiefs and lines/clans, as practiced on the islands. The church is a significant cohesive force in many of these squatter/informal communities. (e) Economic Activity and Poverty According to the Census, the number of people on Guadalcanal of working age, i.e. 15 years and older, accounted for 60% of the total population. Some 22% of the working age population were engaged in paid work, 65% had been undertaking unpaid work, and about 13% had been looking for paid employment.18 Data on youth employment and labor-force participation can be derived from the Census.19 However, the age cohort provided in the Census are 15 to 24 years and not 16 to 29 years as defined in various Project descriptions and Aide Memoire. Of the 15-24 year age group, some 36% are in the labor force, and 27% are in paid work. Table 2.4 provides some relevant data disaggregated by sex. Table 2.4 – Labor Force Statistics by Sex Males 15-24 years (%) Females 15-24 years (%) in unpaid work In unpaid work in labour force in labour force unemployed unemployed in paid work in paid work WARD Cruz 71.4 21.4 70.0 0.0 59.3 14.8 40.7 3.7 Kola’a 48.0 10.3 72.9 2.7 32.1 4.9 25.6 1.5 Kukum 34.3 5.2 81.7 1.1 22.5 0.4 22.1 0.0 Mataniko 39.8 9.7 73.8 0.7 21.4 3.1 17.8 0.6 Mbumburu 45.2 10.2 71.5 2.7 25.3 5.5 18.2 1.7 Naha 61.0 20.6 64.0 1.4 27.6 6.9 18.4 2.3 Ngossi 42.6 10.3 66.3 4.1 27.1 3.3 22.0 1.9 Panatina 34.1 5.9 77.7 1.7 24.3 3.2 17.8 3.4 Rove/Lengakiki 37.8 4.9 83.8 1.2 29.1 2.0 24.3 2.8 Vavaea 52.4 9.5 76.4 2.9 28.6 5.4 21.2 1.9 Vuhokesa 43.0 21.5 44.2 2.5 36.9 13.1 23.8 0.0 Vura 40.3 9.9 70.4 2.0 30.0 5.2 23.0 1.9 HCC Total 42.7 9.1 73.3 2.3 27.8 4.3 21.5 2.0 Source: SIG – 1999 Census 17 SIG a; op cit 18 SIG a; op cit 19 Data from the 1999 Census, at ward level, is available. A new Census was completed in 2009 but the information is still being processed in the Statistics Office, it is expected that data from the 2009 Census will be available in late 2010 or early 2011. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 14 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project An analysis, funded by UNDP, of the HIES was undertaken to estimate poverty lines in order to provide some measure of hardship, assess the basic costs of a minimum standard of living, and measure the numbers of households and proportion of the population in Solomon Islands, that are deemed unable to meet these needs.20 Poverty lines were calculated for Honiara, provincial-urban, and rural households. A food poverty line21 (FPL) was calculated from actual food expenditure patterns recorded for households in the lowest three deciles of per capita adult-equivalent expenditure (PCAE). A basic needs poverty line (BNPL) was also estimated, this poverty line included the FPL plus an allowance for essential non-food expenditure (such as housing/shelter, clothing, utilities, school fees, other education related costs, health, and transport). The study found that in Honiara, households spent 24% more on non-food items than food items each week, compared with households in rural areas, in which non-food basic needs expenditure amounted to 44% of food expenditure. This indicates that basic needs costs are much higher in urban areas. Based on the analysis of the HIES data, the FPL for the country as a whole was estimated to be SBD 182.87 per household per week and the BNPL was estimated to be SBD 265.77 per household per week. Based on the estimation of the poverty lines, the study showed that for both measures (BNPL and FPL), and for both population and households, poverty incidence is highest in Honiara. Table 2.5 - Incidence of Poverty Location of Households (%) Population (%) household FPL BNPL FPL BNPL National 8.6 18.8 10.6 22.7 Honiara 1.7 24.6 2.6 32.2 Provincial urban 0.6 11.2 0.8 13.6 Rural 6.4 15.2 8.7 18.8 Source: UNDP (2007) (f) Access and Transport Issues Guadalcanal is served by land, sea and air. Henderson International Airport is the only operational airfield on the island. The domestic terminal, formerly the main terminal at Henderson, was badly damaged during the tensions and has not been repaired. There are international wharf facilities in Honiara and all coastal parts of Guadalcanal are connected by sea transport. There are reported to be approximately 320 km of road in North Guadalcanal, although many stretches are in a poor state of repair. There is no road that completely circumnavigates Guadalcanal. The only road network on the island is associated with the Main Road which runs between Lambi in the west and Aola in the east. The main sections of the road include the East Road (79 km) between Honiara Town and Aola but in very poor condition beyond Ruavatu, and the West Road (69 km) from Honiara Town to Lambi. The Main Road, which runs parallel with the coast through the REP area, is the key road transport route of the island and provides access to and from Honiara, not only for the people living immediately along the road and adjacent villages, but more remote areas and villages inland, as well as people living along the ‘weather coast’ (the southern part of Guadalcanal) who rely on the Main Road as the main form of access. 20 UNDP a; op cit 21 The food poverty line represents a basic, low-cost, minimally nutritious diet and is measured in terms of the minimum daily calorie intake required for basic human survival. This is an international benchmark of around 2,100 calories/day per capita (as recommended by FAO/WHO as the daily minimum adult calorie intake for a moderately active adult). SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 15 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Figure 3 shows the roads currently under maintenance contracts, and those that could potentially be repaired and maintained under the REP. Figure 2.3 – Roads in HCC Jurisdiction and Population Density There are approximately 11,000 vehicles in Solomon Islands, of which 90% are on Guadalcanal (three-quarters in Honiara), 8% in Malaita, and 1% in Western Province, and the remainder spread throughout the other provinces. Outside of Honiara traffic volumes are very low and the main form of transport is by small boat. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 16 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project 3 Regulatory and Policy Framework 3.1 The Environment Act The Environment Act 1998 (the Act) and Environment Regulations 2008 (the Regulations) make provision for the conservation and protection of the environment. The Second Schedule of the Act lists prescribed developments for which consent from the Environment and Conservation Division (ECD), accompanied by an environmental assessment reported as either a public environmental report (PER) or an environmental impact statement (EIS), is required. Reorganization of the national government structure in December 2007 led to the creation of a Ministry of Environment, Conservation and Meteorology (MECM), within MECM the Environment and Conservation Division (ECD) is responsible for reviewing environmental assessments and issuing development consents (refer to Section 4.2) All prescribed developments require a “screening” or “scoping”, to see what form/level of environmental assessment is required. Most prescribed developments require a PER, while major projects such as logging, mining, or large scale tourism or infrastructure developments, will need a more detailed appraisal which includes technical, economic, environmental and social investigations and consultations with stakeholders, presented in an EIS. The Act provides for an integrated system of development control, environmental assessment and pollution control including;  Prevention, control and monitoring of pollution including regulating discharge of pollutants to air, water or land and reducing risks to human health and prevention of degradation of the environment;  Regulating the transport, collection, treatment, storage and disposal of waste and promoting recycling, re-use and recovery of materials in an economically viable manner; and  Complying with, and giving effect to, regional and international conventions and obligations relating to the environment. The Environment Act has considerable power by virtue of article 4 (1) which states that in the event of conflict between the Act and other acts, the provisions of the Environment Act shall prevail. Regulations under the Act are currently being drafted and will cover detailed requirements for environmental assessment. The Regulations extend the requirements of the PER/EIS to include; (a) social impact on the surrounding communities; (b) ensuring public participation; (c) spelling out employment opportunities for Solomon Islanders; (d) a demographic impact assessment; (e) health impact assessment; (f) gender impact assessment; (g) noise impact assessment; (h) state whether any of the above would have short- or long-term harmful effects on the environment. The Director may have other requirements that will need to be fulfilled, notifying applicant of any additional requirements within 31 days after notifying the applicant. The existing Solomon Islands EIA Guidelines for Planners and Developers (May 1996) pre-date the Environment Act and are not legally binding. In the Second Schedule the Act lists prescribed developments for which consent accompanied by an EIA are required. All prescribed projects require a simple assessment through a “screening” or “scoping”, to see what form of additional assessment is required. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 17 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Most prescribed projects require a PER, while many major projects such as logging, mining, large scale tourism developments, and infrastructure projects will also need a second stage of appraisal which include technical, economic, environmental and social investigations presented in an EIS report. In respect of activities to be undertaken during the REP, prescribed activities include;  (2) Non-metallic industries: (d) extraction of aggregates, stones or shingles; and  (9) Public works sector: (b) infrastructure development; (d) soil erosion and silt control; and, (h) waste management, drainage, and disposal systems. There is also provincial regulation promulgated under the Provincial Government Act 1997 that provides for provinces to create their own legislation in respect of environment and conservation.22 A Protected Natural Areas Bill is currently being consulted on and is hoped to be put before cabinet later in the year. The Bill covers both maritime and terrestrial areas to be designated under different levels of protection and conservation, and extends to community based managed areas. 3.2 Development Consent Applications Using Form 1 (as set out in Section 17 of the Act) send a written application to the Director of ECD. This must be accompanied by a fee of $200 and must include all of the information requested, and requiring a ruling on the type of environmental assessment that will be required (PER, EIS or waiving of the requirement).23 This determination can be used for planning the studies and data collection required for the assessment. The letter may also request approval of the person(s) being nominated to prepare the PER or IEE (include their CV highlighting their experience with environmental assessments and preparing such reports). Within 30 days the Director of ECD will reply to advise of the final requirements for the assessment of the development. If an EIS is required, the Director will organize a Public Meeting allowing at least 30 days for people to access the reports, in order to discuss results of the assessments and hear objections from those that attend. For a PER, no public meeting is required. Within 14 days of the Public Meeting, or publication of a PER, the Director will issue a Development Consent, with or without conditions, or decline the application for development consent. The Director issues the Development Consent, if satisfied that all requirements will be met, using Form 5. This may be subject to additional conditions of implementation set by the Director. The Development Consent will require the deposit of an environmental bond of a sum to be determined by the Director. The developer will bear all costs associated with mitigating any adverse environmental impacts, and may also be charged for the monitoring requirements attached to the development consent. Costs incurred by ECD of monitoring a development will be paid to ECD by the applicant at the rate of $50/hr for an Environmental Inspector, or according to the costs charged by an external person or body. 22 Provincial regulations are particularly effective where they provide for community based resource management and/or address any gaps or weaknesses in national legislation such as protected areas. 23 The ESMG Report and draft ESMGs will be submitted to ECD for review and environmental clearance of the REP. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 18 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project 3.3 Land and Titles Act The Land and Titles Act (1988 and amended in 1996) is the legislation that consolidates the law relating to the tenure of land, registration of interests in land, and compulsory acquisition of land. Traditional land and resource management in Solomon Islands is community based, some 87 per cent of land is under customary resource tenure and all natural resources i.e. forests, minerals, reefs, and islets belong to customary land owners.24 The remaining land is considered “alienated” and is subject to registration under the Land and Titles Act. The Act covers customary land rights. The Act defines customary land as “…any land (not being registered land, other than land registered as customary land, or land in respect of which any person becomes or is entitled to be registered as the owner of an estate pursuant to the provisions of Part III [of the Act]) lawfully owned, used, or occupied by a person or community in accordance with current customary usage.” Part V of the Act deals with the purchase or lease of customary land by private treaty, and compulsory acquisition of land. Acquisition of customary land is usually only undertaken for non-public works such as gold mines, oil palm plantations, or hotels. For public works requiring location on customary land, MID, Solomon Islands Electricity Authority, and Solomon Islands Water Authority (SIWA) typically consult with the members of a line and any other person who claims an interest in the land. For public works the land is not acquired as such, it is gifted or contributed following an extensive period of consultation and agreement through signing of a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU). The MOU waives the customary interest in the land in lieu of the public infrastructure (wharves, roads, schools, clinics and other public utilities). A recent exception is the land set aside for the Koguli Reservoir in Honiara, which has been leased by SIWA from the customary land owners. Two articles of the Constitution also provide for compulsory acquisition. Article 111 which states that in regard to land which has ceased to be customary land, Parliament may; (i) provide for the conversion into a fixed-term interest of any perpetual interest in such land held by a person who is not entitled to hold such a perpetual interest (as defined by Article 110); (ii) provide for the compulsory acquisition where necessary of such land or any right over or interest in such land; and (iii) prescribe the criteria to be adopted in regard to the assessment and payment of compensation for compulsory acquisition (which may take account of, but need not be limited to, the following factors: the purchase price, the value of improvements made between the date of purchase and the date of acquisition, the current use value of the land, and the fact of its abandonment or dereliction). In respect of customary land, in Article 112, the Constitution, allows the compulsory acquisition of customary land or any right over or interest in it, as long as there have been negotiations with the owner(s) of the land, right or interest prior to the acquisition, the owner(s) have a right of access to independent legal advice, and the interest in the acquired land is limited to a fixed-term interest. 3.4 Environmental Safeguard Issues and Triggers within the REP The objective of environmental and social safeguards is to determine, prevent and mitigate undue harm to people and their environment in the development process. Safeguard policies are the cornerstone of the assistance provided to developing countries by their development partners. The policies provide guidelines for borrowers in the identification, preparation, and implementation of programs and projects. The WB has ten safeguard policies. 24 Exemptions being the lands of the federal capital area (Honiara) and provincial headquarters. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 19 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project The ESMG harmonises the law and regulations of SIG with the safeguard requirements of WB, and pursues three objectives: (i) to assure that social and environmental considerations are adequately included in the REP decision making process and project cycle; (ii) to avoid where possible, or otherwise reduce, and manage, the social and environmental risks of subprojects (through implementation of the ESMGs); and, (iii) to provide mechanisms for consultation with stakeholders and for the disclosure of information. Within each of the safeguard policies there is a requirement for consultation with, and participation of, directly affected parties and stakeholders. Participation is defined by the WB as a process through which stakeholders, and particularly the poor, influence and participate in development initiatives, and the decisions and resources that affect them. Table 3.1 summarises the most relevant of the WB’s safeguard policies25 and indicates how they are likely to be triggered by the REP activities and works. 25 A number of the safeguard policies are not triggered by the REP. These include OP 4.04 - Natural Habitats; OP 4.09 – Pest Management; OP 4.11 – Physical Cultural Resources; OP 4.36 – Forestry; OP 4.37 – Dam Safety; OP 7.50 – International Waterways; and OP 7.60 – Disputed Areas. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 20 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Table 3.1 – WB’s Safeguard Policies and Relevance to REP Safeguards Triggers and Requirements Likely to Comments/activities that could be trigger policy and relevance triggered by REP Yes No OP 4.01 - Environmental Assessment This policy requires environmental assessment (EA) of projects to help ensure that they These ESMGs require EMPs be X are environmentally sound and sustainable. Projects that will affect the environment prepared for subprojects under Sub- (temporary or permanently) will be subject to EA. An important component of the policy components 1A and 1B; is Annex C which deals with the requirements for an environmental management plan Most impacts will be temporary (EMP) which consists of the set of mitigation, monitoring, and institutional measures to (during works/activities) and can be be taken during implementation and operation to eliminate adverse environmental and managed effectively through social impacts, offset them, or reduce them to acceptable levels. The plan also includes implementation of an EMP to be the actions needed to implement these measures. The policy concludes that for many compiled from a series of ESMGs Category B projects (classification of the REP), the range of EA instruments may be covering all anticipated project used. In this case, this document, the ESMG will serve as the EA document. activities and works. OP 4.10 - Indigenous People This policy requires assessment of whether indigenous people (IP) including ethnic . minority (EM) groups, as distinct from the dominant social/ethnic groups, will be more X vulnerable to, or unable to fully participate in, and benefit from, a project. While all beneficiaries of the REP are indigenous to the Solomon Islands, they are not “indigenous” within the meaning of para. 4 of OP 4.10. Furthermore the context of the project is urban (covering the most urbanized and populous area in the Solomon Islands) with a highly transient and migratory population. All beneficiaries will be able to fully participate in the project through the various mechanisms included in the Consultation Plan, furthermore the minor and adverse effects of project activities will be managed through the implementation of the ESMG including the Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF). Therefore a specific instrument for this safeguard is not required for the Project. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 21 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Safeguards Triggers and Requirements Likely to Comments/activities that could be trigger policy and relevance triggered by REP Yes No OP 4.12 - Involuntary Resettlement This policy covers the direct economic and social impacts that are caused by the X It is possible that this policy could be involuntary taking of land resulting in (i) relocation or loss of shelter; (ii) loss of assets or triggered by subprojects requiring access to assets; or (iii) loss of income sources or means of livelihood, whether or not acquisition of, temporary use of, or the affected persons must move to another location; or the involuntary restriction of voluntary contribution of, land; access to legally designated parks and protected areas resulting in adverse impacts on A RPF has been prepared for this livelihoods. The OP requires that an assessment is made of the likely social impacts of project and is described further in projects, particularly as they entail acquisition of land, relocation of people, loss of Section 5. productive assets or access to services, both during the implementation and operational phases of project activities. The policy is intended to ensure that resettlement activities should be conceived and executed as sustainable development programs, providing sufficient investment resources to enable the persons affected to share in project benefits, ensure that affected persons are meaningfully consulted and are provided, where possible, opportunities to participate in planning and implementation of resettlement and project activities. The basic objective is to ensure that affected persons are provided the means and resources to improve their livelihoods and standards of living, or at least to restore them in real terms, to pre- project levels. When a project requires land/resource acquisition or resettlement (as defined above), depending on the scale of the impact (significant or non-significant) either a RPF and/or full or abbreviated resettlement plan (RP) will be required. – Public consultation and The Bank requires that the public consutation be conducted as part of EA and X Following consultation with 26 Disclosure encourage continuation during sub-project planning. All projects must disclose prior to stakeholders and approval of the Bank appraisal of the project, certain project documents, including the EA document, ESMG, the approved report and both in country (after being publicly consulted on) and at the Banks Infoshop in ESMG (including the RPF) will be Washington DC. disclosed in public places as well as uploaded to WB’s Infoshop and website; A Consultation Plan has been prepared for the project. 26 The disclosure policy was updated in 2001 after extensive consultations. This resulted in the placing of a greater number of project-related documents in the public domain. The policy has since been further revised (2009) and is currently available as a draft. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 22 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project 3.4.1 Recommendations in Respect of Involuntary Resettlement As noted above the current legislation governing land acquisition for public or development purposes is the Land and Titles Act (the Act). Sections 71 through 85 of the Act deal with land acquisition for public purposes and sections 184 through 190 set out the requirements for public ROW. The legislation does not cover project-affected people (PAPs) without title or ownership records, such as informal settlers/squatters (non-titled PAPs) or people with illegal structures or gardens (encroachments) in the ROW.27 For improved land, the Act provides for compensation to be paid (i) in the form of rental for any land used or occupied on a temporary basis; or (ii) for permanent acquisition of the land. Compensation is assessed on such things as the condition of the land, use of the land, and impact on the value of contiguous land, and can be provided in two ways; (i) if requested by the lease-holder, an FTE can be granted for an alternative parcel of land; or (ii) cash compensation based on the valuation of the land plus the improvements. The valuation is based on the current value of parcels of land for similar uses in the area and the current rent for similar FTE arrangements. This is considered to constitute current market value/replacement cost as envisaged in OP 4.12. For unimproved land, the compensation negotiated is based on the original lease price plus reimbursement of all rent payments made up to the time of the resumption.28 While the Act includes a provision for interest to be paid it is not free of taxes or other deductions, as required under W B’s policy. Furthermore, the legislation does not take account of the social and economic consequence of land acquisition in terms of restoration of lost income. Thus, owing to the main differences between the Act and WB’s safeguard policy OP 4.12 (Involuntary Resettlement), the provisions in the project-specific RPF will be adopted.29 The RPF and resettlement procedural guideline stipulations contained in this document will apply to all subprojects to be prepared and approved under the Project. The RPF reflects the SIG’s land acquisition laws/regulations and W B’s policy on involuntary resettlement and best practice notes and guidelines. It stipulates the eligibility and provisions for compensating all types of losses (land, crops/trees, structures, business etc). 3.4.2 Discussion of Relevance of OP 4.10 – Indigenous People The Constitution of Solomon Islands (1978), otherwise known as the Independence Order, establishes the governing, legal and judicial system, national legislature, and public services of Solomon Islands as an independent nation. The preamble to the Constitution states that the people of Solomon Islands are “…proud of the wisdom and the worthy customs of our ancestors, mindful of our common and diverse heritage and conscious of our common destiny…” and as such agree and pledge to, amongst other things; (i) respect and enhance human dignity and strengthen and build on our communal solidarity; and, (ii) cherish and promote the different cultural traditions within Solomon Islands. 27 This will not be relevant to the REP as at present it is not known if any issues of land lease resumption and asset compensation will be required for the purposes of the Project as specific sub-projects have not yet been identified. In the event that land lease resumption and compensation for assets is required and government policies and practices allow for compensation, then the procedures outlined in the RPF consistent with Bank policies will be applied. In the event that government policy does not compensate for land lease resumption (for instance, when structures have been illegally erected) then the sub-project activity would be deemed ineligible for funding under the REP. 28 This is in effect an incentive for lease-holders to make improvements to the land within the contract period (i.e. 12 months for residential land and 18 months for commercial land). FTE agreements are made on the basis that the FTE holder will be making improvements to the land. 29 The RPF is based on similar frameworks already approved/endorsed by SIG for other projects currently being implemented by MID (SIEAP and SIRIP) that are consistent with other development partner safeguard policies. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 23 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project The Constitution grants citizenship of Solomon Islands to those, who prior to Independence Day, are an indigenous Solomon Islander, or born in Solomon Islands and who has, or had, two grandparents who are or were members of a group, tribe or line indigenous to Papua New Guinea or the New Hebrides. Other laws make reference to notion of indigenous Solomon Islanders. For example, the Land and Titles Act defines a Solomon Islander as a “…person born in Solomon Islands who has two grand-parents who were members of a group, tribe or line indigenous to Solomon Islands”. Chapter 11 of the Constitution sets out the rights and protections of Solomon Islanders, among which is the protection from discrimination on grounds of race, place or origin or colour, and makes it unlawful; for any act to make an provision “that is discriminatory either of itself or in its effect.” The chapter states that no person shall be treated in a discriminatory manner by people in public office or public authority, and no person shall be treated in a discriminatory manner in respect of access to shops, hotels, lodging-houses, public restaurants, eating-houses or places of public entertainment etc.30 In the case of the REP, the project beneficiaries are largely economic migrants who have migrated voluntarily (and individually as opposed to as a community) from their island of origin to Honiara for work. A large proportion of project beneficiaries currently live in informal settlements and include people from any number of islands/provinces. Therefore, in Solomon Islands context, while the customs and traditions of different clans or lines, islands or provinces are respected, and differences in cultural practices may differ, Solomon Islanders are seen as one group, one people, there are no ethnic or cultural minorities within Solomon Islands within the meaning of WB indigenous people’s policy (particularly para. 4) and OP 4.10 is not triggered by the REP. 30 Within the Constitution "discriminatory" is defined as affording different treatment to different persons attributable wholly or mainly to their respective descriptions by race, place of origin, political opinions, colour, creed or sex whereby persons of one such description are subjected to disabilities or restrictions to which persons of another such description are not made subject or are accorded privileges or advantages which are not accorded to persons of another such description. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 24 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project 4 Institutional Assessment 4.1 Ministry of Infrastructure Development Within MID the TIMS manages the transport network, TIMS includes two main divisions: (i) Transport Policy and Planning Division (TPPD); and (ii) Operations and Maintenance Division (OMD). Under the Solomon Islands Road Improvement (Sector) Project (SIRIP) a Project Management and Capacity Building Unit (PMCBU) has been created to support the functions of MID both for SIRIP subproject implementation and for other aspects such as safeguards, asset management and community development.31 Figure 4.1 – Organisation Structure of Ministry of Infrastructure Development Permanent Secretary Under Sec. - Under Secretary - Administration & Technical Finance Finance Administration Transport Maritime Architectural & Mechanical Infrastructure Services Building Engineering Management Management Services Services Transport Operation and Policy & Maintenance Planning Division Division (OMD) (TPPD) 4.2 Honiara City Council The HCC comprises nine divisions covering a wide range of activities and services. The HCC is administered by the Chief Executive Officer/City Clerk with assistance form the deputy City Clerk, administrative and legal support. The divisions to be most fully involved in the REP include the Works Division and the Youth, Sports and Women’s Affairs Division. The organisation chart of the HCC is shown in Figure 4.2. 31 In addition to PMCBU, AusAID is funding three PACTAM positions for MID including a Procurement Specialist; Asset Management Specialist; and Community Development Officer. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 25 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Figure 4.2 – Organisation Structure of Honiara City Council Chief Executive Officer (City Clerk) Executive Support Legal Officer Deputy City Clerk Admin. & Finance Works Building & Law Health & Education Market Human Planning Enforce. Medical Services Youth, Sport Division Division Division Resources & Women’s Division Division Division Division Affairs Division Division SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 26 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project 4.3 Institutional Responsibilities for Implementation of ESMG under the Project The capacity of both MID and HCC will be strengthened prior to Project effectiveness through the recruitment of additional staff (specific to the Project) and through support to MID to be provided by AusAID for the creation of a Contract Supervision Unit/Project Implementation Unit (PIU) for the transition of the CSP into a second phase, support to REP can be provided from this unit. Within HCC a project manager/urban engineer will be engaged and will report to the Director of Works. In addition to a project manager, each structure will include a number of technical staff and project specialists, including staff with responsibility for safeguards management of the REP. Figure 4.3 shows the proposed management structure in MID and HCC, while the core functions are summarized in Table 4.1. Figure 4.3a – Proposed Institutional Arrangements for REP in MID Transport Infrastructure Management Services Transport Policy & Planning Division Operations & Maintenance Division Project Management Contract Support Unit/ & Capacity Building Project Implementation Unit Unit (CSP/REP) Project Manager Project Manager/LBES Works Supervisor (SIRIP) Procurement Community Senior Works Officer Community Safeguards Liaison Officer Development Specialists Officer Officer (CLO)/ Finance (CDO) Social Officer Safeguards Field Supervisors x 4 (linked to Existing Proposed Contractors) SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 27 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Figure 4.3b – Proposed Institutional Arrangements for REP in HCC Youth, Sport & Works Division Corporate Services Women’s Affairs Division Division Director of Works Project Manager/ Urban Engineer Procurement Officer Pre-Employment Training (PET) Community Consultant Liaison Officer Finance Officer (CLO)/ Social Safeguards Senior Works Officer x3 (linked to ‘leading hands’ & community Existing groups of up to 30 people) Proposed Overall the preparation, administration and any updating required of the ESMG is the responsibility of MID and HCC as the EAs for the Project. In broad terms, implementation of the ESMG will include (i) appraising subproject activities in compliance with the procedures and requirements in the ESMG; and (ii) implementing and monitoring subproject activities in compliance with the procedures and requirements in the ESMG. To this end, the MID/HCC responsibility will include, but not limited to; ensuring that the EMSG procedures are strictly adhered to and that preparation of the EMPs will be carried out in a timely and adequate manner, environmental monitoring and institutional responsibilities are fully met, and that meaningful public consultations are carried out satisfactorily. Table 4.1 – Institutional Responsibilities in Implementation of the ESMG Responsibility Tasks and Functions  Disclose approved/endorsed ESMG, RPF and Consultation Plan at the MID and HCC Offices;  Monitor and supervise implementation of the ESMG, including activities of the CDO/CLO and Senior Works Officers;  Preparation of budgets required for the implementation of the ESMG;  Before implementation of any activities, ensure that training to the CLOs and Senior Works Officers, and contractors if required, is provided. During implementation, MID/HCC assess needs for training and provide mechanisms for ensuring such training;  Consult with CDO/CLOs on complaints and grievances and process implemented to resolve such complaints;  Based on the reports from the Project Managers, prepare and submit safeguards status reports as part of quarterly reports to the WB;  Provide support, as required, to Project Managers, CLOs and Senior Works Officers in the implementation of the ESMG SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 28 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Responsibility Tasks and Functions  Review and approve EMPs;  Advise Senior Works Officer and Coordinators of EMP requirements and how to comply; Project Managers  During construction and operation of subprojects, check performance of contractors on implementation of the EMPs periodically, and visit each contractor/community group at least once every three months  Work with CDO/CLOs/Social Safeguards Officers to consult community groups and community leaders/representatives; Senior Works  Prepare EMPs for each subproject and submit to Project manager for approval; Officers  Advise Field Supervisors and Leading Hands of EMP requirements;  Supervise and check implementation of EMPs during works/activities  Facilitate community consultations (jointly between HCC and MID) and community “agreements” and/or MOUs for subprojects as per the Project’s Consultation Plan;  Document, with requisite signatures from Councillors or WAC members, agreements or MOUs;  Sign-off on LAR Screening Forms;  Following identification of land required for subprojects (through coordination with COL), undertake consultations with lease-holders, complete IOL, and prepare RPs (as required by subprojects) and assist in implementation of approved RPs Community (endorsed by SIG and no-objection from WB); Liaison/Social  Prepare RPs, as required, for subprojects; Safeguards  Disclose RPs and information on grievance redress mechanism at EA offices and to Officers and affected villages; MID’s CDO  Receive and record complaints from affected households, communities or villages, individuals, and respond with solution, in consultation with REP Project Managers, and MID/HCC where required;  Monitor implementation of RPs;  During works and activities, assist Project Managers to check on performance of contractors/community groups on implementation of EMPs periodically, and accompany Project Managers in visiting each contractor at least once every three months  Implement EMPs and comply with any additional requirements advised by, or on behalf of, Project Managers ; Contractors  Prepare monthly status reports and submit to Field Supervisors/Senior works Officers  Work with MID/HCC to identify affected parcels of land, lease arrangements, and lease-holders; COL  Consult (with assistance from CLOs) and negotiate with lease-holders;  Sign compensation contracts, after these have been prepared;  Advise MID/HCC to pay compensation or deliver in-kind compensation  Provide advice and assistance to CLOs/Social Safeguards Officers in conducting social and land acquisition screening, as well as in preparing RPs (if required);  Provide advice and assistance to Coordinators (HCC) and Senior Works Officers in PMCBU compiling the EMPs based on the ESMGs; and  CDO to assist with organising MOUs as required and in responding to complaints (first instance) from affected households or villages; and  Provision of capacity building or training on safeguards as required.  Review ESMG (incl. RPF and Consultation Plan) and provide non-objection; World Bank  Provide review and comment on any RPs required for subprojects and prepared during the project SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 29 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project 4.4 Capacity Building and Training Plan Capacity building and training will be provided through two primary mechanisms; (i) direct technical assistance from the REP to HCC and through AusAID continuing support to MID for the continuation of the CSP, both of which will support specific roles/staff positions in the management structure; and (ii) specific requests for assistance and support, on an as required basis, from the CDO and safeguards specialists assigned to the PMCBU. There are two ADB funded multi-year projects being implemented within MID which comprise extensive capacity building components in a number of aspects including safeguards assessment and management. The training recommended under the REP will segue with that already proposed under SIRIP and Domestic Maritime Sector and Technical Support Program (DMSTP) in terms of support to those programs rather than try to implement a stand-alone program. The training will focus on the needs of management and monitoring of REP subprojects under the wider umbrella of institutional strengthening, which covers the safeguard requirements of a number of SIG’s development partners, including WB. A couple of staff in MID's TTPD are receiving capacity building through SIRIP, but currently there is no person dedicated to implementation of safeguards, and participants in training sessions have been allocated as MID resources allow, rather than seeking to really develop in-house capacity. This is an ongoing issue which has been discussed with Director of TTPD on a number of occasions. The training provided to the CLOs/Social Safeguards Officers will aim to support and build upon strengthening being provided to MID staff by SIRIP’s PMCBU and the newly commenced DMSTP. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 30 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project 5 Managing Environmental and Social Impacts 5.1 Identification of Environmental and Social Issues Based on the list of possible subprojects and clarification of their locations with MID and SIRIP32, the type of impacts expected from the various activities will be identified. The identification of potential impacts of REP activities and works has been based on the types of environments in which works are being proposed and any special features within these environments that need to be considered in development of mitigation measures. An outline set of environmental guidelines was provided by WB’s environmental specialist (December 2009), these have been used as the basis for preparing the ESMG. It should be noted that detailed forms have been used by MID under SIRIP and these have been modified to reflect the less complex nature of works being proposed under the REP. Section 4 of the outline set of environmental guidelines (December 2009) included an initial list of activities, potential environmental impacts, and generic mitigation measures. This has been further developed and now also covers social impacts and any additional activities. The ESMG has also been based on the types of EMPs currently being developed by MID for its infrastructure projects, although these are more complex and detailed than that envisaged for the REP. The ESMG covering activities such as drain and culvert installation/cleaning, road maintenance, road repair, crossing/bridge building, landscaping etc can be developed as a “code of practice” for each activity type. At the start of each subproject, it will be very easy for MID and/or the contractor to understand which activities will require which ESMGs, combining the requisite ESMGs/codes of practice as an EMP, and then incorporating the EMP into the contracts for civil works for that subproject/set of activities. This way the ESMGs can be easily implemented by communities or small-scale contractors alike and MID engineers will not have to prepare EMPs (as is currently written up in the outline guidelines) other than fitting together the ESMGs that match the subproject activities. Experience on existing projects within MID show that (i) there are no engineers or personnel within the TPPD (as noted in Section 4) specifically assigned to safeguards issues; and (ii) MID engineers/TPPD staff are only starting to build capacity for safeguards aspects. Therefore expecting too much them at this stage could delay the subprojects. It should be noted, that extraction of stone, aggregate or shingle requires development consent from the ECD and therefore could apply to some of the subprojects, depending on the volume of materials required and where they can be sourced. In respect of the development of mitigation measures for land/resource acquisition, these will comply with SIG laws as well as WB’s safeguard OP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement.33 While little or no large scale resettlement impacts are envisaged by the types of works and activities under REP, there could be issues created by (i) need to resume part or all of some parcels of land from lease arrangements; and (ii) need for removal of trees, crops or even structures from the road-side for some LBES works. 32 One of the technical advisors to SIRIP’s Project Management and Capacity Building Unit (PMCBU) is responsible for developing a maintenance and asset management system and is aware of the locations of many of the roads being considered for works under REP. 33 WB’s definition of resettlement impacts include not only relocation of people or households or the effects of direct acquisition of land but also the loss of/restricted access to land or use of land/resources. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 31 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project The RPF prepared as part of the ESMG (Appendix 3), and following further consultation, would need to be endorsed by both SIG and WB.34 The RPF identifies the types of activities or impacts likely to cause land/resource acquisition or other resettlement impacts, as well as the people entitled to compensation, and what type of compensation they are entitled to by way of an entitlement matrix. Table 5.1 presents the activities and works proposed under REP along with the anticipated environmental and social impacts associated with those activities. Table 5.1 – Identified Impacts of REP Activities and Mitigation Measures Works/Activities Anticipated impacts Mitigation measures Clearance of ROW, Loss of land or use of land; acquisition  Consult with lease-holders and installation of drains or removal of legal assets (structures, other stakeholders; and culverts, minor crops, trees) from ROW  Consult with COL and request road widening resumption of land (as per RPF);  Prepare and implement RP as per the RPF Site preparation – Damage to waterway, river bed and  Design works to minimise impact on approaches, and banks; waterway; embankments Downstream siltation;  Do not dispose of solid waste on Change in downstream flows (increased river bank or in downstream velocity) waterway;  Minimise disturbance to river banks to avoid destabilisation;  Consider present flow rates and assess new flow rate after culvert;  Check for downstream vulnerabilities to higher flows Aggregate/gravel Impacts of sourcing materials from  Use already identified/approved extraction inappropriate locations quarries or aggregate/gravel sources;  Follow MID’s Aggregate Extraction Guidelines;  Sign MOU (covering royalties/compensation) with resource owners if new source identified Filling of potholes and Impacts to nearby land surfaces from  Select extraction site with care (see ruts on the extracting local fill material; materials extraction); carriageway Water quality and land contamination  Avoid destruction of crops and impacts from accidental fuel/oil spills or natural vegetation; leaks from machinery or stores  Avoid sites within 100m of waterway;  Protect site from runoff;  Store extracted or stockpiled gravel in selected place;  Protect from erosion by covering and providing interception drains;  If machinery is used: (i) vehicle, machinery, maintenance and re- fuelling will be carried out so that spilled materials do not seep into the soil; (ii) fuel storage and refilling areas will be located at least 50 m from drainage structures and 100 m from important water bodies; (iii) oil trays will be used under vehicles in on-site parking areas 34 The RPF includes: SIG law and WB policy covering the issues; likely screening and trigger for resettlement plans; process for determining and assessing resettlement impacts; entitlements, eligibility for entitlements; preparing the resettlement plan (including typical contents of a plan); institutional responsibilities for implementation; budget, financing and schedule; and, monitoring. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 32 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Works/Activities Anticipated impacts Mitigation measures Grading and camber Damage to adjacent lands through  Protect any stockpiles from erosion shaping careless machine use; by covering and providing Water quality impacts from runoff from interception drains if left overnight. unconsolidated surfaces and stockpiles.  Minimise area of disturbance. Water quality and land contamination  Machinery fuel/oil spill safeguards impacts from accidental fuel/oil spills or (see above) leaks from machinery or stores. De-silting culverts and Damage to vegetation and crops, and  Store spoil in selected place; clearing inlet and outlet siltation of waterways from unplanned  Protect from erosion by covering structures spoil disposal and providing interception drains Clearing side, catch- Damage to vegetation and crops, and  Store spoil in selected place; water and mitre drains siltation of waterways from unplanned Protect from erosion by covering spoil disposal; and providing interception drains; Impact on waterways from drainage  Locate mitre drains to direct water water to vegetated areas before reaching water bodies Clear structures and Temporary impact on water quality from  Design works to minimise impact on waterways damage to banks or disposal of solid waterway; waste  Do not dispose of solid waste on river bank or in downstream waterway Vegetation clearance Loss of valuable vegetation and shade  Keep within a specified clearing and cutting of grass trees; distance from the road; and bush De-stabilisation of slopes and riverbanks  Avoid accidental damage to trees;  Maintain stabilising vegetation cover on roadside slopes and river banks Excavation of drains Erosion of excavated material and  Protect excavated spoil from and trenches etc stockpiles leading to siltation of erosion by covering and providing waterways. interception drains if left overnight.  Minimise area of disturbance; Damage to adjoining crops or natural  If machinery is used: (i) vehicle, vegetation due to side road. machinery, and equipment maintenance and re-fuelling will be Water quality and land contamination carried out so that spilled materials impacts from accidental fuel/oil spills or do not seep into the soil; (ii) fuel leaks from machinery or stores. storage and refilling areas will be located at least 50 m from drainage structures and 100 m from important water bodies; and (iii) oil trays will be used under vehicles in on-site parking areas. Spoil and waste Damage to vegetation and crops, and  Store spoil in selected place; handling and disposal siltation of waterways from unplanned  Protect from erosion by covering spoil disposal and providing interception drains;  Dispose of waste at only HCC designated dumps and sites Placement of pipes; Water quality and land contamination  Machinery fuel/oil spill safeguards backfilling and impacts from accidental fuel/oil spills or (see above) compacting leaks from machinery or stores. Construction of Accidental spillages of wet cement, or  Establish clear separation of headwalls cement washings into the river. Cement concrete batching works from any is highly toxic to fish and other aquatic drainage to the waterway; animals  Avoid spills of cement or disposal of excess mixed cement into waterway;  Protect dry cement stocks from wind SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 33 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project 5.2 Dealing with Land Acquisition Issues Candidate subprojects will be discussed with Councilors, Ward Advisory Committees (WAC) and community groups. Consultations will focus on selection of subprojects by the Councilors and WACs, with agreement by the community groups. Agreements will be established based on satisfaction of the pre-conditions being met. Subprojects that have been selected by the Councilors/WACs and confirmed by the communities will be subject to a land acquisition and resettlement (LAR) screening (using a form similar to that attached as Appendix 1). The screening will reflect if there will be any land/resource acquisition or resettlement impacts. The nature and scale of the impacts will determine the mitigations required to be implemented and whether or not a RP (or similar) is required, or whether a subproject is deemed ineligible for funding under the Project due to the presence of illegal structures in the ROW. While the roads to be included in the project are known, the segments which will be the subject of works under the project are not known, given that the presence of illegal structures/encroachments could make segments ineligible for financing under the project. Therefore RPs can not be prepared until the actual segments have been identified based on the eligibility of subproject investments, following detailed survey. The LAR screening will be conducted (Appendix 1) as a first step to see wherever the resettlement impact can be avoided, mitigated or minimized as much as possible. The screening/scoping will be documented in a form which shows affected individuals, potential impacts of the project, and the rights of affected people, including vulnerable groups, to compensation. Where the screening identifies that a subproject will trigger land acquisition/resettlement, a RP will need to be prepared. This will follow the procedures set out in the Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) prepared for the Project. The RP will be prepared by the CLOs/Social Safeguards Officers, who will work closely with the COL and MID/HCC. The RPs will be prepared in a fully consultative manner, as required by the RPF and WB safeguards. The RPF is attached as Appendix 3. As noted above, following detailed survey and decision as to eligibility of segments as “subprojects”, the eligible segments that trigger the need for land acquisition will follow the guidelines and process set out in the RPF in respect of identification of PAPs, compensation mechanisms, consultation and preparation of the RP. The scope and level of detail of the RP vary with the magnitude and complexity of resettlement. The plan is based on up-to-date and reliable information about the proposed resettlement and its impacts on the displaced persons and other adversely affected groups, and the legal issues involved in resettlement. It includes, among other things, description of socio- economic studies, a legal and institutional framework, and resettlement measures. The RPF includes an annex outlining the elements of a RP as required under OP 4.12. 5.3 Environmental and Social Management Based on the identification of impacts and the determination of significant environmental and social impacts above, a series of Environmental and Social Guidelines (ESMGs) have been prepared. A “document map” or summary sheet lists each of the ESMGs and the types of activities to which they are applicable, the relevant ESMGs can then be amalgamated to form an environmental management plan (EMP) for a subproject covering certain activities/components. The ESMGs are provided in Appendix 2. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 34 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project The process is summarized in Table 5.2. Table 5.2 –Safeguards Management in REP Steps Process Responsible Institution Condition survey Condition survey of 105 km of road TA Consultant (WB) and MID including identification of obstructions etc in the ROW Screening for land Filed visits and consultations of CLOs/ Social Safeguards Officers; acquisition and subprojects identified in condition survey COL; resettlement (LAR) issues with potential issues, along with to MID/HCC (on behalf of SIG)/WB (using form in Appendix 1) footpath/steps subprojects; Complete LAR screening checklist Compilation of EMP (using As part of the planning process for the CLOs/ Social Safeguards Officers; ESMGs included as preparation of a sub project activity, the Senior Works Officers will compile the Appendix 2) revised standard MoI EMP must be EMPs, these will reviewed and completed and included in the sub project approved by the Project Managers; dossier. Director of Works (HCC) and Head of TPPD (MID) will undertake spot- For sub project activities that require checks and quality assurance checks engineering drawings, some of the of the EMPs mitigation measures detailed in the EMP would also be included in these drawings. Incorporate EMP into road The standards civil works/labor based Senior Works Officers repair and rehabilitation contracts will be amended to include the Submitted to Project Managers; contracts, and agreements EMP as part of the legally binding Director of Works and Head of TPPD with community groups in documents. Costs contained in the EMP respect of footpath/step for each activity will also be included in construction the contact sum. Where appropriate Bills of Quantities will be revised to include the requirements in the EMP to ensure costs environmental management costs are reasonable determined and payable under the terms of the contracts. Preparation and As set out in the RPF and Consultation CLOs/ Social Safeguards Officers; implementation of RPs, as Plan COL; required for subprojects MID/HCC (on behalf of SIG)/WB Supervise EMP During contract execution and as part of Field Supervisors and Coordinators implementation as part of the supervision of the works, the will check compliance with EMPs overall subproject activity implementation of the measures in the EMPs will be monitored as per the monitoring plan in the EMP to ensure mitigation measures are being implemented, to confirm the efficacy of these measures and to determine if changes are necessary Prepare periodic and The preparation of periodic monitoring Senior Works Officers monitoring reports reports will be compiled for a group of sub Additional checks by Project project activities to be maintained as part Managers and Director of Works and of the REP project records. Timing and Head of TPPD frequency for the preparation of these Submitted to WB for use in post reports will be agreed and stated in the review of the implementation of the EMP EMP during supervision missions etc SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 35 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project 6 Consultation and Disclosure 6.1 Stakeholders Consulted during Project Identification and Preparation of ESMG A number of key stakeholders were consulted during the REP identification phase as well as the preparation of the ESMG for REP. The consultations were designed to seek views from a range of actors and potential beneficiaries about the proposed project. Emphasis was placed on seeking their response to potential (negative and positive) social and environmental impacts. Specifically, the purpose of these consultations was two-fold: (i) to get an understanding of the types of programs and projects being undertaken in the sector and participation by youth and women’s groups, and to discuss linkages or synergies between ongoing programs/projects with the REP; (ii) to understand networks as well as systems or processes for consultation in order to prepare a consultation plan for the REP that is based on existing consultative arrangements; and (iii) seek broad based community support for the proposed project During the project’s identification phase between mid 2008 and 2009, consultations were held with communities (and youth groups) in their own community and/or settlement areas and other youth serving organizations. These areas included Burns Creek, White River and additional areas outside of Honiara, including Auki, where included for comparative purposes. Additional workshops with youth groups representatives were also organized. Given the security constraints, local research assistants, and select civil society organizations (Community Sector Program and Save the Children) who provide services to communities and youth in urban areas help to identify and inform the sample frame and locations for the consultations. This included a selection of communities, settlements, all POM electorates and schools / vocational schools and universities to ensure a diverse / representative socio-economic, geographic, gender and ethnic data profile. The composition of the sample frame was designed to reflect the broader census data for urban areas and to maximize access to the vulnerable populations. It was important to obtain the views of marginalized youths from settlement areas than youths from suburbs. The results from the initial program of consultation and survey were used to qualify justification in the REP design by identifying the project target groups, their interests in the proposed project, their perceptions of current problems related to finding employment and jobs (small contracts) and any resources they could bring to the achievement of goals and objectives of the project. In addition, these consultations were used to confirm broad based community support for the need for such a project. The findings were then shared with the development community and the relevant Ministry of Women, Youth and Children’s Affairs and National Youth Congress. Consultation during the preparation of the ESMG has been limited to MID, HCC, Ministry of Women, Youth and Children Affairs (Youth Division, Director of Youth, and Women’s Development Division), NGOs and other groups with relevant interests (for example Save the Children Youth Outreach Partnership Project), and other development partners.35 It was considered that organizing any community/village level consultations would raise expectations of definite subprojects in particular areas which could make managing the project during implementation difficult if subprojects were in fact not implemented in those areas where consultations had been held. 35 This also included discussion with other MID projects with LBES components such as Asian Development Bank’s (SIRIP) and AusAID’s Community Support Program. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 36 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Furthermore the process for arranging village level consultations is time-consuming and would constrain the number of site visits to be undertaken during the field input.36 A summary of the main consultations undertaken during preparation of the ESMG is provided in Appendix 4. 6.2 Methodology The consultations were done in English with consecutive translation in Solomon Islands Pidgin where needed. By using a combination of participatory methodologies that best suit the situation at hand, targeted groups were encouraged to share their views about the project. Community group type meetings that were organized during the project’s identification phase were usually held at the beginning of the consultations to introduce the project and get general reaction and feed-back. Follow up focus youth group discussions were particularly useful in helping to draw out gender and youth issues. Key respondent interviews are also done to further substantiate findings. During the preparation of the ESMG, a variety of participatory methodologies were used to source views from key stakeholders. This included organizing general meetings, focus groups discussions, interviewing individual and field observations. These meetings were held to introduce to the REP and solicit general reaction and feedback. 6.3 Issues Raised & Mitigating Actions Being Taken by the Project The REP is being developed partly in response to concerns raised by residents of Honiara. MID and HCC firmly believe that the main actions being taken by the REP, through the implementation of the proposed activities in components 1 and 2, which are to inter alia, to provide public employment opportunities while at the same time providing general skills development and income generating opportunities, which will make a significant contribution in augmenting short and medium term household incomes. Appendix 5 summarizes the scope of these consultations and the issues, priorities and concerns raised by various stakeholders and actions to be taken by the project or implementing agencies. 6.4 Consultation Plan For larger scale subprojects (i.e. step/footpath construction and road repairs), in preparation of each subproject the MID/HCC will, through the CDO and CLOs facilitate, consultations with community groups as well as leaders of the community (Councilors and WACs). The purpose of these consultations is to (i) select subprojects; (ii) initially agree/confirm community participation (based on the satisfaction of the pre-conditions); and (iii) obtain views of the local people, including of the vulnerable groups, concerning the environmental and social issues related to the project which they feel are important, and to discuss possible land acquisition. The prepared EMPs RPF and needs for RPs, as well as compensation policies and grievance procedures will be discussed during the consultation meetings. The CLOs will document the comments and feedback, including any preferences for siting of accessways/footpaths or steps, types of compensation etc in the minutes of the meetings. 36 While the established process adopted by HCC needs to be discussed during the field input, it is known that MID has a protocol for community consultations, this is currently working well on other development partner projects. An initial visit to identify chiefs and customary land owners to make introductions, discuss the project and the need for consultations, is followed up by meetings with village groups. The process is usually at least one week between initial visit and then follow up visit and meetings. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 37 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project These minutes need to indicate participation of vulnerable groups, as well as specific issues raised by these people. The minutes will be recorded on a Meeting Minutes datasheet and will be made available for monitoring purposes. HCC has an established process for community consultation. Consultation with the community is done through public notices, meetings with Councilors and WACs who pass on information to community groups (and individuals). Under REP, for smaller scale subprojects such as river clean-ups and rubbish removal, community groups will apply to HCC and the application is endorsed by a Ward Councilor. The consultation under REP will follow HCC’s existing protocols, community groups will receive information through Councilors, WACs, public notices and through the public disclosure of the ESMGs and other relevant project information. The Consultation Plan prepared for the Project has been built upon existing consultation protocols already implemented by MID and HCC, modified as required to fit the subproject planning cycle including subproject identification; impact and mitigation assessment and identification; information disclosure (including any separate processes required under the RPF); implementation; and, monitoring. The process for undertaking consultations during implementation, as well as the process for disclosure of project information, is set out in the Consultation Plan. The Consultation Plan has been prepared as a table indicating subproject stage, information disclosure and feedback mechanism, timing, and responsibilities. The Consultation Plan for the REP is provided in Appendix 5. 6.5 Disclosure In order to comply with WB’s requirements on information disclosure of project documents, a process of disclosure will be required for the REP. This will include:  Making publicly available for perusal the ESMG Report (including the ESMGs, RPF and Consultation Plan) at MID and HCC offices;  Advising (through notices published in the newspaper and on community notice boards) that the documents are available for perusal;  Making available summaries of the RPF (in both Pidgin and English) that may be taken away by interested parties;  Providing the draft EMSG Report to the ECD for review and clearance;  Once approved by SIG and endorsed by WB, uploading the RPF, ESMG and Consultation Plan to WB’s website (InfoShop);  Making available draft RPs (or their summary) for consultation and feedback; and  Once approved by SIG and endorsed by WB, uploading the RPs to WB’s website (InfoShop). SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 38 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project 7 Monitoring Plan The monitoring undertaken for the ESMG component of the REP will form part of overall project performance monitoring. The parameters or indicators to be monitored for the ESMG include:  Number of site visits undertaken during screening;  Screening checklists prepared and approved;  The EMPs compiled and compliance with approved EMPs during implementation of subproject activities and works;  Adequacy of environmental and social impacts/risk mitigation;  Adequacy of contractor ESM-related record keeping and monthly reporting;  Complaints and grievances lodged and resolved;  Consultations (formal and informal) undertaken as per the Consultation Plan;  Satisfaction of community groups with the overall process, level of consultation, and access to information;  RPs prepared and implemented;  Compliance with provisions of RPF and RPs during implementation;  Ability of PAPs to restore livelihoods to pre-project levels; and  Satisfaction of PAPs and stakeholders with the overall resettlement process. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Page - 39 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Appendices Appendix 1 – Land Acquisition & Resettlement (LAR) Screening Form Appendix 2 – Environmental Management Plan Appendix 3 – Resettlement Policy Framework Appendix 4 – List of those Consulted During ESMG Preparation Appendix 5 – Consultation Plan SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Appendices: Page - 1 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Appendix 1 – Land Acquisition and Resettlement Screening LAND ACQUISITION AND RESETTLEMENT SCREENING CHECKLIST Ward Village/community: Brief Description of Site and Proposed Works: 1. Screening Questions for Land Acquisition & Resettlement Likely Effects Yes No Description Is land used by individuals or families (homestead, agriculture or garden land) likely to be affected? Is the ow nership status and current usage of the land know n? Will there be loss of housing? Will there be loss of agricultural plots? Will there be loss of crops and/or trees? Will there be loss of businesses or enterprise? Will there be loss of incomes and livelihoods? Are there non-titled people w ho live or earn their livelihood at the site or w ithin the right-of-w ay? If "yes" to above, do they have structures in the ROW that w ill need to be removed? 2. Information on Affected Persons What is the estimate of total number of households likely to be affected? What is the estimate of total number of people likely to be affected? What is the estimated number of households affected by loss of income and livelihoods? Briefly describe the types of income or livelihoods to be affected and nature of the impacts: SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Appendices: Page - 2 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project 3. Document/Plan Requirements Based on the forgeoing identification of impacts and the Project's Resettlement Policy Framework. The subproject will: Create minor land acquisition/resettlement impacts (if YES ticked in answer to any question in Section 1), and a [ ] Resettlement Plan (completed as per the requirements of the RPF) is required Create no resettlement impact, no resettlement report is required, this screening checklist will be the [ ] documentation for the subproject [ ] Require the removal of illegal structures and is therefore not eligible for funding as a subporject under the REP. The foregoing has been reviewed and agreed with by: Name & Signature: Date: Name & Signature (Community Date: Liaison Officer): Name & Signature (Coordinator/ Date: Senior Works Officer): SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Appendices: Page - 3 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Appendix 2 – Environmental Management Plan The following Environmental and Social Management Guidelines (ESMGs) are based on the activities and likely impacts as identified in Section 5 of the ESMG Report. The ESMGs are tailored to specific activities included under Component 1 of the REP and can be combined to form an overall EMP for a package of works/contract package. They are designed to identify potential impacts and safeguards to prevent or minimise such impacts for the following activities: road repair; routine road maintenance; drain installation; culvert installation; footpath/step construction; drain/culvert cleaning and rubbish collection; vegetation clearance; and, paving and landscaping. Each of the ESMGs also nominate: (i) the responsibilities for implementing the safeguards; (ii) who will check them, how often and how the monitoring will be reported; and, (iii) corrective actions. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev01 Appendices: Page - 4 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project SUMMARY SHEET User Notes: The following summary sheet is to be compiled by the coordinator/supervisor and checked by the EA’s Project Manager. The coordinator/supervisor will identify all of the activities to be undertaken for each subproject and the corresponding ESMGs will be compiled as that subproject’s EMP and will form part of the project documentation. Tick the box adjacent to the activity (subproject works) and attach the relevant ESMGs to the back of the summary sheet. It should be noted that some subprojects may include more than one activity, e.g. road repair may also include drain installation and vegetation clearance, and therefore require additional ESMGs. Executing agency: MID / HCC (circle one) Ward: Subproject: Name of coordinator/supervisor: Contractor/community group: No. of people employed: Date: ESMG Tick Activity Guidelines/control measures covered No. Land/asset acquisition; dust control; noise control; erosion and Road repair ESMG 1 sediment control; stockpile/spoil management and disposal; water quality; materials/aggregate/gravel extraction Dust control; sediment control; stockpile/spoil management and Routine road maintenance ESMG 2 disposal; water quality; materials/aggregate/gravel extraction Land/asset acquisition; sediment control; stockpile/spoil Drain installation ESMG 3 management and disposal; water quality; aggregate/gravel extraction Land/asset acquisition; sediment control; stockpile/spoil Culvert installation ESMG 4 management and disposal; water quality; materials/aggregate/gravel extraction Land/asset acquisition; dust control; noise control; erosion and Footpath/step construction ESMG 5 sediment control; stockpile/spoil management and disposal; water quality; materials/aggregate/gravel extraction Dust control; erosion and sediment control; spoil/waste Drain/culvert cleaning and ESMG 6 management and disposal; water quality; rubbish collection materials/aggregate/gravel extraction Community consultation; tree removal; spoil/waste management Vegetation clearance ESMG 7 and disposal; Paving , greening and Dust control; noise control; vegetation clearance; spoil ESMG 8 landscaping management and disposal; pesticide use Resource acquisition; sediment control; stockpile/spoil Waterway rehabilitation ESMG 9 management and disposal; water quality; materials/aggregate/gravel extraction LIST OF ACRONYMS: CDO – Community Development Officer (MID) CLO – Community Liaison Officer (MID and HCC for REP) COL – Commissioner of Lands ESMG – Environmental and Social Management Guidelines HCC – Honiara City Council MID – Ministry of Infrastructure Development ROW – Right-of-way RPF – Resettlement Policy Framework RP – Resettlement Plan TPPD – Transport Policy and Planning Division (MID) SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev01 Appendices: Page - 5 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project ESMG 1 – ROAD REPAIR AND REHABILITATION Monitoring & reporting Control measures to be implemented - responsibility Impact Objective Corrective action safeguard activities Doing Checking Loss of land or use of land; To compensate for losses and  Consult with lease-holders and other MID; MID – TPPD; As per the grievance acquisition or removal of ensure that the livelihood of stakeholders; MID- WB redress mechanism in legal assets (structures, affected person/household is at  Consult with COL and request CDO/CLO; the RPF crops, trees) from ROW least restored to pre-project levels resumption of land (as per RPF); COL  Prepare and implement RP as per the RPF Dust generation; impacts To reduce impacts on air quality  Spray water on exposed surfaces Daily site Weekly Any problems/complaints on air quality; nuisance and nuisance; to ensure there is during dry periods; inspections by monitoring by to be recorded (for no health risk or inconvenience  If required, install dust screens when contractor; MID – TPPD; subsequent monitoring) due to dust generation working adjacent to residential Supervisor of and acted upon areas/schools/clinics; community immediately  Ensure that vehicles carrying group materials are either damped down or are covered with tarpaulin or similar;  Ensure that any materials being transported by vehicle to the site are not carried in the open Noise impacts on To minimise noise on local  Ensure that vehicles transporting Daily site Weekly Discuss with local communities/sensitive uses community and sensitive uses materials for works are well inspections by monitoring by community (schools/clinics) maintained and equipped with contractor; MID – TPPD; representatives; mufflers; Supervisor of Any vehicles producing  Advise managers of sensitive uses community excess noise shall cease (schools/clinics) of works in the area group operation and remedial and possibility of periods of action taken to unavoidable noise; satisfaction of Project  Carry out activities during the day and Manager or only during working hours i.e. Coordinator/Supervisor between 8am and 5pm Removal of significant or To consult with community to  Work carefully in such areas; Supervisor of Weekly Community consultation shade trees identify such trees and avoid  Avoid tree removal where possible community inspections by removal if possible group HCC – WD; SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Appendices: Page - 6 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Monitoring & reporting Corrective action Control measures to be Implemented - responsibility Impact Objective Safeguard Activities Doing Checking Aggregate/gravel extraction To minimise the impacts of  Use already identified/approved Inspections by Weekly Sign MOU (covering sourcing materials from quarries or aggregate/gravel sources; contractor; monitoring by royalties/compensation) inappropriate locations  Follow MID’s Aggregate Extraction Supervisor of MID – TPPD; with resource owners if Guidelines community new source identified group Erosion of slopes; To control the extent and severity  Construct temporary sediment and Regular site Weekly Repairs to damaged sedimentation of rivers and of erosion and/or sedimentation erosion control structures as required; inspections by monitoring by areas; re-establishment streams; scouring of during activities/works  Complete works in stages/sections contractor; MID – TPPD; of vegetation; modify stream/river beds and and minimise exposed/cleared Supervisor of damage control banks; run-off affecting ground to the extent possible; community measures as required water quality  Keep adjacent vegetation clearance group; to a minimum; Inspections  Avoid disturbance on steep slopes; after heavy  Avoid discharging water on unstable rainfall to or steep slopes; check for  Ensure vehicles drive on defined scour, soil tracks; erosion or  Encourage re-vegetation of slopes sedimentation following completion of works Inappropriate spoil/waste To remove and dispose of spoil  Re-use spoil/cut wherever possible in Daily site Weekly Any problems/complaints disposal and waste material regularly and other road repair activities; inspections by inspections by to be recorded (for only to designated areas  Waste and spoil stockpiles to be contractor; MID-TPPD; subsequent monitoring) stored at least 100m from waterways; Supervisor of HCC – WD and acted upon  Protect excavated spoil and waste community immediately from erosion by covering and group providing interception drains if left overnight;  Rubbish stored in neat/tidy piles awaiting collection;  No burning or burying of rubbish;  Disposal of rubbish/waste only in approved HCC dump sites or designated areas SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Appendices: Page - 7 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Monitoring & reporting Control measures to be implemented - responsibility Impact Objective Corrective action safeguard activities Doing Checking Pollution of water sources; To avoid contamination/pollution  Any sealing activities to be carefully Daily visual Weekly Consult with local degradation of water of water sources from activities managed through mixing sealant in assessment/ monitoring by community using water quality in streams and approved locations only and site inspections MID – TPPD; sources to identify rivers prevention of on-site mixing; by contractor; problems and remedial  Material stockpiles to be stored at Supervisor of actions; least 100m from a waterway; community Immediate addressing of  Vehicles will not be permitted to drive group; water quality problems to in stream or river beds and will not be satisfaction of community parked adjacent to waterways while delivering materials;  Accidental spills to be cleaned up immediately;  Run-off from site or activities to be directed to temporary settling basin/sediment trap SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Appendices: Page - 8 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project ESMG 2 – ROUTINE ROAD MAINTENANCE Monitoring & reporting Control measures to be implemented responsibility Impact Objective Corrective action - safeguard activities Doing Checking Dust generation; impacts To reduce impacts on air quality and  Spray water on exposed surfaces Daily site Weekly Any problems/complaints on air quality; nuisance nuisance; to ensure there is no during dry periods; inspections by monitoring by to be recorded (for health risk or inconvenience due to  If required, install dust screens contractor; MID – TPPD; subsequent monitoring) dust generation when working adjacent to Supervisor of and acted upon residential areas/schools/clinics; community immediately  Ensure that vehicles carrying group materials are either damped down or are covered with tarpaulin or similar;  Ensure that any materials being transported by vehicle to the site are not carried in the open Aggregate/gravel extraction To minimise the impacts of sourcing  Use suitable material Inspections by Weekly Sign MOU (covering for filling of potholes and materials from inappropriate excavated/cleared from drains and contractor; monitoring by royalties/compensation) fixing ruts locations culverts as much as possible; Supervisor of MID – TPPD; with resource owners if  Use already identified/approved community new source identified quarries or aggregate/gravel group sources;  Follow MID’s Aggregate Extraction Guidelines Sedimentation of rivers and To control the extent and severity of  Construct temporary sediment and Regular site Weekly Repairs to damaged streams; run-off affecting sedimentation during erosion control structures as inspections by monitoring by areas; re-establishment water quality activities/works required; contractor; MID – TPPD; of vegetation; modify  Complete works in stages/sections Supervisor of damage control and minimise exposed/cleared community measures as required ground to the extent possible; group;  Keep adjacent vegetation clearance Inspections to a minimum; after heavy  Avoid disturbance on steep slopes; rainfall to  Avoid discharging water on check for unstable or steep slopes sedimentation SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev01 Appendices: Page - 9 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Monitoring & reporting Corrective action Control measures to be implemented responsibility Impact Objective - safeguard activities Doing Checking Temporary impact on water To avoid contamination/pollution of  Design and undertake works to Daily site Weekly Any problems/complaints quality from damage to water sources from maintenance minimise impact on waterway; inspections by monitoring by to be recorded (for banks or disposal of solid activities  Do not dispose of solid waste on contractor; MID – TPPD subsequent monitoring) waste from clearing river bank or in downstream Supervisor of and acted upon structures and their waterway. community immediately waterways group Inappropriate spoil/waste To remove and dispose of spoil and  Re-use spoil/cut wherever possible Daily site Weekly Any problems/complaints disposal waste material regularly and only to in other road repair activities; inspections by inspections by to be recorded (for designated areas  Waste and spoil stockpiles to be contractor; MID-TPPD; subsequent monitoring) stored at least 100m from Supervisor of HCC – WD and acted upon waterways; community immediately  Protect excavated spoil and waste group from erosion by covering and providing interception drains if left overnight;  Rubbish stored in neat/tidy piles awaiting collection;  No burning or burying of rubbish;  Disposal of rubbish/waste only in approved HCC dump sites or designated areas Removal of significant or To consult with community to  Work carefully in such areas; Supervisor of Weekly Community consultation shade trees identify such trees and avoid  Avoid tree removal where possible community inspections by removal if possible group HCC – WD Loss of vegetation and  Keep within a specified clearing Daily site Weekly Any problems/complaints destabilisation of slopes distance from the road. Avoid inspections by monitoring by to be recorded (for and river-banks from accidental damage to trees; contractor; MID – TPPD; subsequent monitoring) cutting grass and bush  Maintain stabilising vegetation Supervisor of and acted upon cover on roadside slopes and river community immediately banks. group SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev01 Appendices: Page - 10 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project ESMG 3 – DRAIN INSTALLATION Monitoring & reporting Control measures to be implemented responsibility Impact Objective Corrective action - safeguard activities Doing Checking Loss of land or use of land; To compensate for losses and  Consult with lease-holders and MID/HCC; MID – TPPD; As per the grievance acquisition or removal of ensure that the livelihood of other stakeholders; Community HCC – WD; redress mechanism in legal assets (structures, affected person/household is at  Consult with COL and request Liaison Officer WB the RPF crops, trees) from area drain least restored to pre-project levels resumption of land (as per RPF); (HCC); is to be installed  Prepare and implement RP as per Community the RPF Development Officer (MID); COL Damage to adjacent land or To minimise damage to adjacent  Minimise area of disturbance along Contractor; Weekly As per the grievance legal structures/trees/crops land or legal structures/trees/crops drain alignment; Supervisor of inspections by redress mechanism in or natural vegetation due to and to compensate for damages to  Work carefully in areas where community MID – TPPD; the RPF excavation of drain to legal structures or crops as per the structures or crops/trees are group HCC – WD; specifications RPF adjacent to drain;  If machinery is used avoid water quality and land contamination impacts from accidental fuel/oil spills or leaks from machinery or plant by; (i) vehicle, machinery, and equipment maintenance and refuelling will be carried out so that spilled materials do not seep into the soil; (ii) fuel storage and refilling areas will be located at least 50 m from drainage structures and 100 m from important water bodies; and (iii) oil trays will be used under vehicles in on-site parking areas. Damage to vegetation/crops To reduce impacts on water quality  Store spoil in selected place; Daily site Weekly As per provisions in the and siltation of waterways and manage spoil disposal;  Protect from erosion by covering inspections by monitoring by RPF from unplanned spoil To compensate for damages to and providing interception drains; contractor; MID – TPPD; disposal crops or productive trees as per  Crop/vegetation damage Supervisor of HCC - WD the RPF compensated as per provisions of community the RPF group SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev01 Appendices: Page - 11 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Monitoring & reporting Corrective action Control measures to be implemented responsibility Impact Objective - safeguard activities Doing Checking Dust generation; impacts on To reduce impacts on air quality  Spray water on exposed surfaces Daily site Weekly Any problems/complaints air quality; nuisance and nuisance; to ensure there is during dry periods; inspections by monitoring by to be recorded (for no health risk or inconvenience  If required, install dust screens contractor; MID – TPPD; subsequent monitoring) due to dust generation when working adjacent to Supervisor of HCC - WD and acted upon residential areas/schools/clinics; community immediately  Ensure that vehicles carrying group materials are either damped down or are covered with tarpaulin or similar;  Ensure that any materials being transported by vehicle to the site are not carried in the open Erosion of slopes; To control the extent and severity  Construct temporary sediment and Regular site Weekly Repairs to damaged sedimentation of rivers and of erosion and/or sedimentation erosion control structures as inspections by monitoring by areas; re-establishment streams; scouring of during activities/works required; contractor; MID – TPPD; of vegetation; modify stream/river beds and  Locate mitre drains to direct water Supervisor of HCC - WD damage control banks; run-off affecting to vegetated areas before being community measures as required water quality discharged into waterways; group;  Complete works in stages/sections Inspections and minimise exposed/cleared after heavy ground to the extent possible; rainfall to  Keep adjacent vegetation clearance check for to a minimum; scour, soil  Avoid disturbance on steep slopes; erosion or  Avoid discharging water on sedimentation unstable or steep slopes;  Ensure vehicles drive on defined tracks;  Encourage re-vegetation of slopes following completion of works SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev01 Appendices: Page - 12 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Monitoring & reporting Corrective action Control measures to be implemented responsibility Impact Objective - safeguard activities Doing Checking Inappropriate spoil/waste To remove and dispose of spoil  Re-use spoil/cut wherever possible Daily site Weekly Any problems/complaints disposal and waste material regularly and in other road repair activities; inspections by inspections by to be recorded (for only to designated areas  Waste and spoil stockpiles to be contractor; MID-TPPD; subsequent monitoring) stored at least 100m from Supervisor of HCC – WD and acted upon waterways; community immediately  Protect excavated spoil and waste group from erosion by covering and providing interception drains if left overnight;  Rubbish stored in neat/tidy piles awaiting collection;  No burning or burying of rubbish;  Disposal of rubbish/waste only in approved HCC dump sites or designated areas Pollution of water sources; To avoid contamination/pollution of  Any sealing activities to be carefully Daily visual Weekly Consult with local degradation of water quality water sources from activities managed through mixing sealant in assessment/ monitoring by community using water in streams and rivers approved locations only and site MID – TPPD; sources to identify prevention of on-site mixing; inspections by HCC - WD problems and remedial  Material stockpiles to be stored at contractor; actions; least 100m from a waterway; Supervisor of Immediate addressing of  Vehicles will not be permitted to community water quality problems to drive in stream or river beds and group; satisfaction of community will not be parked adjacent to waterways while delivering materials;  Accidental spills to be cleaned up immediately;  Run-off from site or activities to be directed to temporary settling basin/sediment trap SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev01 Appendices: Page - 13 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project ESMG 4 - CULVERT INSTALLATION Monitoring & reporting Measures to be implemented - responsibility Impact Objective Corrective action safeguard activities Doing Checking Loss of land or use of land; To compensate for losses and  Consult with lease-holders and MID/HCC; MID – TPPD; As per the grievance acquisition or removal of ensure that the livelihood of affected other stakeholders; Community HCC – WD; redress mechanism in legal assets (structures, person/household is at least  Consult with COL and request Liaison Officer WB the RPF crops, trees) from area restored to pre-project levels resumption of land (as per RPF); (HCC); culvert is to be installed  Prepare and implement RP as per Community the RPF Development Officer (MID); COL Damage to waterway, river To reduce effects on local hydrology  Design works to minimise impact on Daily visual Weekly Any bed and banks; and prevent sedimentation of waterways; assessment/ monitoring by problems/complaints to downstream siltation; and waterways  Ensure that solid waste is not site MID – TPPD; be recorded (for change in downstream disposed of, or stored, on river inspections by HCC - WD subsequent flows (increased velocity) bank or in downstream waterway; contractor; monitoring) and acted  Minimise disturbance to river banks Supervisor of upon immediately to avoid destabilisation; community  Consider present flow rates and group; assess new flow rate after culvert;  Check for downstream vulnerabilities to higher flows Inappropriate spoil/waste To remove and dispose of spoil and  Re-use spoil/cut wherever possible Daily site Weekly Any disposal waste material regularly and only to in other road repair activities; inspections by inspections by problems/complaints to designated areas  Waste and spoil stockpiles to be contractor; MID-TPPD; be recorded (for stored at least 100m from Supervisor of HCC – WD subsequent waterways; community monitoring) and acted  Protect excavated spoil and waste group upon immediately from erosion by covering and providing interception drains if left overnight;  Rubbish stored in neat/tidy piles awaiting collection;  No burning or burying of rubbish;  Disposal of rubbish/waste only in approved HCC dump sites SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev01 Appendices: Page - 14 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Monitoring & reporting Measures to be Implemented - Corrective action Impact Objective responsibility Safeguard Activities Doing Checking Contamination impacts To prevent contamination and  If machinery is used; (i) vehicle, Daily visual Weekly Consult with local from accidental fuel/oil reduce risk of accidental spills machinery, and equipment assessment/ monitoring by community using water spills or leaks from maintenance and refuelling will be site MID – TPPD; sources to identify machinery or stores carried out so that any spilled inspections by HCC - WD problems and remedial materials do not seep into the soil; contractor; actions; (ii) fuel storage and refilling areas Supervisor of Immediate addressing will be located at least 50 m from community of problems to drainage structures and 100 m from group satisfaction of important water bodies; (iii) oil trays community will be used under vehicles in on- site parking areas. Erosion of excavated To minimise erosion and  Re-use spoil/cut wherever possible Regular site Weekly Repairs to damaged material and stockpiles subsequent effects on waterways in other road repair activities; inspections by monitoring by areas; re- leading to siltation of and adjacent land uses  Protect excavated spoil from contractor; MID – TPPD; establishment of waterways erosion by covering and providing Supervisor of HCC - WD vegetation; modify interception drains if left overnight; community damage control  Minimise area of disturbance group; measures as required Inspections after heavy rainfall to check for scour, soil erosion or sedimentation Accidental spillages of wet To prevent impacts on water quality  Construct off-site or establish clear Daily visual Weekly Consult with local cement, or cement and river/stream fauna (cement is separation of concrete batching assessment/ monitoring by community using water washings into the river highly toxic to fish and other aquatic works from any drainage to the site MID – TPPD; sources to identify during construction of animals) waterway; inspections by HCC - WD problems and remedial headwalls  Avoid spills of cement or disposal of contractor; actions; excess mixed cement into Supervisor of Immediate addressing waterway; community of water quality  Protect dry cement stocks from group problems to wind by covering with tarpaulin satisfaction of community SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev01 Appendices: Page - 15 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project ESMG 5 – FOOTPATH/STEP CONSTRUCTION Monitoring & reporting Control measures to be implemented - responsibility Impact Objective Corrective action safeguard activities Doing Checking Loss of land or use of land; To compensate for losses and  Consult with lease-holders and other HCC; HCC – WD; As per the grievance acquisition or removal of ensure that the livelihood of stakeholders; Community WB redress mechanism in the legal assets (structures, affected person/household is at  Consult with COL and request Liaison Officer; RPF crops, trees) from area of least restored to pre-project resumption of land (as per RPF); COL land to be designated for levels  Prepare and implement RP as per the footpath/steps RPF  Document agreements with communities Removal of significant or To consult with community to  Work carefully in such areas; Supervisor of Weekly Community consultation shade trees identify such trees and avoid  Avoid removal of trees is possible community inspections by removal if possible group HCC – WD; Dust generation; impacts To reduce impacts on air quality  Provide adequate protective clothing for Daily site Weekly Any problems/complaints on air quality; nuisance and nuisance; to ensure there is workers such as gumboots, marks, inspections by monitoring by to be recorded (for no health risk or inconvenience hats, gloves etc. contractor; HCC - WD subsequent monitoring) due to dust generation  Spray water on exposed surfaces Supervisor of and acted upon during dry periods; community immediately  If required, install dust screens when group working adjacent to residential areas/schools/clinics;  Ensure that vehicles carrying materials are either damped down or are covered with tarpaulin or similar;  Ensure that any materials being transported by vehicle to the site are not carried in the open Pollution of water sources; To avoid  Material stockpiles to be stored at least Daily visual Weekly Consult with local degradation of water quality contamination/pollution of water 100m from a waterway; assessment/ monitoring by community using water in streams and rivers sources from activities  Vehicles will not be permitted to drive in site HCC - WD sources to identify stream or river beds and will not be inspections by problems and remedial parked adjacent to waterways while contractor; actions; delivering materials; Supervisor of Immediate addressing of  Accidental spills to be cleaned up community water quality problems to immediately; group; satisfaction of community  Run-off from site or activities to be directed to temporary settling basin/sediment trap SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev01 Appendices: Page - 16 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Monitoring & reporting Corrective action Control measures to be implemented - responsibility Impact Objective safeguard activities Doing Checking Stone/gravel extraction or To minimise the impacts of  Use already identified/approved Inspections by Weekly Sign MOU (covering cutting of wood (steps) sourcing materials from quarries or aggregate/gravel sources; contractor; monitoring by royalties/compensation) inappropriate locations  Follow MID’s Aggregate Extraction Supervisor of HCC - WD with resource owners if Guidelines (or similar); community new source identified  Consult with resource owners (trees) group if wood to be cut and used for steps Erosion of slopes; To control the extent and severity  Construct energy dispersion walls/ Regular site Weekly Repairs to damaged sedimentation of rivers and of erosion and/or sedimentation holes along drains on the ladder. inspections by monitoring by areas; re-establishment streams; scouring of during activities/works  Construct temporary sediment and contractor; HCC - WD of vegetation; modify stream/river beds and erosion control structures as required; Supervisor of damage control banks; run-off affecting  Complete works in stages/sections community measures as required water quality and minimise exposed/cleared group; ground to the extent possible; Inspections  Keep adjacent vegetation clearance after heavy to a minimum; Recover/provide rainfall to vegetation cover in disturbed areas check for with native plants scour, soil erosion or  Avoid disturbance on steep slopes; sedimentation  Avoid discharging water on unstable or steep slopes;  Ensure vehicles drive on defined tracks;  Encourage re-vegetation of slopes following completion of works  Shaping/levelling disturbed areas , compact loose soil/materials  Inappropriate spoil/waste To remove and dispose of spoil  Re-use spoil/cut wherever possible in Daily site Weekly Any problems/complaints disposal and waste material regularly and other road repair activities; inspections by inspections by to be recorded (for only to designated areas  Waste and spoil stockpiles to be contractor; MID-TPPD; subsequent monitoring) stored at least 100m from waterways; Supervisor of HCC – WD and acted upon  Protect excavated spoil and waste community immediately from erosion by covering and group providing interception drains if left overnight;  Rubbish stored in neat/tidy piles awaiting collection; SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev01 Appendices: Page - 17 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project  Disposal of rubbish/waste only in approved HCC dump sites SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev01 Appendices: Page - 18 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project ESMG 6 – DRAIN AND CULVERT CLEANING AND RUBBISH REMOVAL Monitoring & reporting Control measures to be implemented responsibility Impact Objective Corrective action - safeguard activities Doing Checking Damage to adjacent land or To minimise damage to adjacent  Minimise area of disturbance along Contractor; Weekly Any damages repaired or legal structures/trees/crops land or legal structures/trees/crops drain alignment; Supervisor of inspections by compensated as per or natural vegetation due to and to compensate for damages to  Work carefully in areas where community HCC – WD; provisions of the RPF excavation of drain to legal structures or crops as per the structures or crops/trees are group specifications RPF adjacent to drain Damage to vegetation/crops To reduce impacts on water quality  Store spoil in selected place; Daily site Weekly Any damages repaired or and siltation of waterways and manage spoil disposal; To  Protect from erosion by covering inspections by monitoring by compensated as per from unplanned spoil compensate for damages to crops and providing interception drains contractor/ HCC - WD provisions of the RPF disposal or productive trees as per the RPF supervisor Dust generation; impacts on To reduce impacts on air quality  Spray water on exposed surfaces Daily site Weekly Any problems/complaints air quality; nuisance and nuisance; to ensure there is during dry periods; inspections by monitoring by to be recorded (for no health risk or inconvenience  Ensure that vehicles carrying contractor; HCC - WD subsequent monitoring) due to dust generation materials are either damped down Supervisor of and acted upon or are covered with tarpaulin or community immediately similar; group  Ensure that any materials being transported by vehicle to the site are not carried in the open Pollution of water sources; To avoid contamination/pollution of  Rubbish stockpiles to be stored at Daily visual Weekly Consult with local degradation of water quality water sources from activities least 100m from a waterway; assessment/ monitoring by community using water in streams and rivers  Debris (organic material and earth site HCC - WD sources to identify cleaned form drains and culverts) to inspections by problems and remedial be stored at least 100m from a contractor; actions; waterway; Supervisor of Immediate addressing of  Re-use material where possible; community water quality problems to  Rubbish trucks will not be permitted group; satisfaction of community to drive in stream or river beds and will not be parked adjacent to waterways while collecting rubbish;  Accidental spills to be cleaned up immediately SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev01 Appendices: Page - 19 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Monitoring & reporting Corrective action Control measures to be implemented responsibility Impact Objective - safeguard activities Doing Checking Inappropriate spoil/waste To remove and dispose of spoil  Re-use spoil/cut wherever possible Daily site Weekly Any problems/complaints disposal and waste material regularly and in other road repair activities; inspections by inspections by to be recorded (for only to designated areas  Waste and spoil stockpiles to be contractor; MID-TPPD; subsequent monitoring) stored at least 100m from Supervisor of HCC – WD and acted upon waterways; community immediately  Protect excavated spoil and waste group from erosion by covering and providing interception drains if left overnight;  Rubbish stored in neat/tidy piles awaiting collection;  No burning or burying of rubbish;  Disposal of rubbish/waste only in approved HCC dump sites Pollution or impacts on To preserve residential amenity  Rubbish stored in neat/tidy piles Daily site Weekly Any problems/complaints community from and protect the community from awaiting collection; inspections by monitoring by to be recorded (for inappropriate rubbish pollution or inappropriate rubbish  No burning or burying of rubbish; supervisor of HCC - WD subsequent monitoring) disposal disposal  Disposal of rubbish only in community and acted upon approved HCC dump sites group immediately SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev01 Appendices: Page - 20 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project ESMG 7 – VEGETATION CLEARANCE Monitoring & reporting Control measures to be implemented responsibility Impact Objective Corrective action - safeguard activities Doing Checking Removal of significant or To consult with community to  Work carefully in such areas; Supervisor of Weekly Community consultation shade trees identify such trees and avoid  Avoid removal of mature trees community inspections by removal if possible where possible; group HCC – WD;  Identify and protect such trees Damage or removal of legal To minimise damage to adjacent  Minimise area of disturbance and Contractor; Weekly Any damages repaired or gardens or crops from ROW legal trees/crops vegetation clearance; Supervisor of inspections by compensated as per and to compensate for damages to  Work carefully in areas adjacent to community HCC – WD; provisions of the RPF legal gardens or crops as per the gardens; group RPF  Consult with community prior to activities Inappropriate spoil/waste To remove and dispose of spoil  Re-use spoil/cut wherever possible Daily site Weekly Any problems/complaints disposal and waste material regularly and in other road repair activities; inspections by inspections by to be recorded (for only to designated areas  Waste and spoil stockpiles to be contractor; MID-TPPD; subsequent monitoring) stored at least 100m from Supervisor of HCC – WD and acted upon waterways; community immediately  Protect excavated spoil and waste group from erosion by covering and providing interception drains if left overnight;  Rubbish stored in neat/tidy piles awaiting collection;  No burning or burying of rubbish;  Disposal of rubbish/waste only in approved HCC dump sites Damage to roadside To minimise environmental  Keep vegetation clearance to a Daily site Weekly Any problems/complaints vegetation degradation through vegetation minimum i.e. restrict to that inspections by monitoring by to be recorded (for removal necessary for road safety and contractor/ HCC - WD subsequent monitoring) improving sight distances etc; supervisor and acted upon  Encourage re-vegetation of slopes immediately etc after repair activities have been completed SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev01 Appendices: Page - 21 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project ESMG 8 – PAVING, GREENING AND LANDSCAPING Monitoring & reporting Control measures to be implemented responsibility Impact Objective Corrective action - safeguard activities Doing Checking Dust generation; impacts on To reduce impacts on air quality  Cover sand and dry cement, Daily site Weekly Any problems/complaints air quality; nuisance from and nuisance; to ensure there is especially during dry periods; inspections by monitoring by to be recorded (for stockpiles of sand and dry no health risk or inconvenience  Ensure that vehicles carrying contractor; HCC - WD subsequent monitoring) cement due to dust generation materials are either damped down Supervisor of and acted upon or are covered with tarpaulin or community immediately similar; group  Ensure that any materials being transported by vehicle to the site are not carried in the open Accidental spillages of wet To prevent impacts on water  Construct off-site or establish clear Daily visual Weekly Consult with adjacent cement, or cement washings quality and river/stream/coastal separation of concrete batching assessment/ monitoring by users or local community into the drains (and to the fauna (cement is highly toxic to fish works from any drainage to the site HCC - WD using water sources to coast) during fabrication of and other aquatic animals) waterway; inspections by identify problems and paving stones or during  Avoid spills of cement or disposal of contractor; remedial actions; concreting of areas in CBD excess mixed cement into Supervisor of Immediate addressing of waterway; community water quality problems to  Protect dry cement stocks from group satisfaction of community wind by covering with tarpaulin Pollution or impacts on To preserve urban amenity and  Rubbish stored in neat/tidy piles Daily site Weekly Any problems/complaints community from protect the community from awaiting collection; inspections by monitoring by to be recorded (for inappropriate disposal of pollution or inappropriate  No burning or burying of rubbish; supervisor of HCC - WD subsequent monitoring) organic waste spoil/waste organic material  Disposal of waste and organic community and acted upon disposal matter only in approved HCC dump group immediately sites Contamination and health To avoid exposure to harmful  Project will not permit the use of Daily Weekly Sanctions imposed on risk from handling of toxins and/or hazardous chemicals herbicides and other chemicals inspections by monitoring by contractors or groups herbicides and pesticides supervisor of HCC - WD using herbicides or community chemicals group SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev01 Appendices: Page - 22 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Monitoring & reporting Control measures to be implemented responsibility Impact Objective Corrective action - safeguard activities Doing Checking Inappropriate spoil/waste To remove and dispose of spoil  Re-use spoil/cut wherever possible Daily site Weekly Any problems/complaints disposal and waste material regularly and in other road repair activities; inspections by inspections by to be recorded (for only to designated areas  Waste and spoil stockpiles to be contractor; MID-TPPD; subsequent monitoring) stored at least 100m from Supervisor of HCC – WD and acted upon waterways; community immediately  Protect excavated spoil and waste group from erosion by covering and providing interception drains if left overnight;  Rubbish stored in neat/tidy piles awaiting collection;  No burning or burying of rubbish;  Disposal of rubbish/waste only in approved HCC dump sites SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev01 Appendices: Page - 23 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project ESMG 9 –WATERWAY REHABILITATION Monitoring & reporting Measures to be implemented - responsibility Impact Objective Corrective action safeguard activities Doing Checking Stone/rock extraction for To minimise the impacts of sourcing  Use already identified/approved Inspections by Weekly Sign MOU (covering gabion baskets materials from inappropriate quarries or rock/stone sources; contractor; monitoring by royalties/compensation) locations  Follow MID’s Aggregate Extraction Supervisor of MID-TPPD; with resource owners if Guidelines (or similar); community HCC - WD new source identified  Consult with resource owners group (trees) if wood to be cut and used for steps Damage to waterway, river To reduce effects on local hydrology  Design works to minimise impact Daily visual Weekly Any bed and banks; and prevent sedimentation of on waterways; assessment/ monitoring by problems/complaints to downstream siltation; and waterways  Ensure that solid waste is not site MID – TPPD; be recorded (for change in downstream disposed of, or stored, on river inspections by HCC - WD subsequent monitoring) flows (increased velocity) bank or in downstream waterway; contractor; and acted upon  Minimise disturbance to river banks Supervisor of immediately to avoid destabilisation; community  Consider present flow rates and group; assess new flow rate after culvert;  Check for downstream vulnerabilities to higher flows Inappropriate spoil/waste To remove and dispose of spoil and  Re-use spoil/cut wherever possible Daily site Weekly Any disposal waste material regularly and only to in other road repair activities; inspections by inspections by problems/complaints to designated areas  Waste and spoil stockpiles to be contractor; MID-TPPD; be recorded (for stored at least 100m from Supervisor of HCC – WD subsequent monitoring) waterways; community and acted upon  Protect excavated spoil and waste group immediately from erosion by covering and providing interception drains if left overnight;  Rubbish stored in neat/tidy piles awaiting collection;  Disposal of rubbish/waste only in approved HCC dump sites SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev01 Appendices: Page - 24 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Monitoring & reporting Measures to be Implemented - Corrective action Impact Objective responsibility Safeguard Activities Doing Checking Contamination impacts To prevent contamination and  If machinery is used; (i) vehicle, Daily visual Weekly Consult with local from accidental fuel/oil reduce risk of accidental spills machinery, and equipment assessment/ monitoring by community using water spills or leaks from maintenance and refuelling will be site MID – TPPD; sources to identify machinery or stores carried out so that any spilled inspections by HCC - WD problems and remedial materials do not seep into the soil; contractor; actions; (ii) fuel storage and refilling areas Supervisor of Immediate addressing will be located at least 50 m from community of problems to drainage structures and 100 m from group satisfaction of important water bodies; (iii) oil trays community will be used under vehicles in on- site parking areas. Erosion of excavated To minimise erosion and  Re-use spoil/cut wherever possible Regular site Weekly Repairs to damaged material and stockpiles subsequent effects on waterways in other road repair activities; inspections by monitoring by areas; re-establishment leading to siltation of and adjacent land uses  Protect excavated spoil from contractor; MID – TPPD; of vegetation; modify waterways erosion by covering and providing Supervisor of HCC - WD damage control interception drains if left overnight; community measures as required  Minimise area of disturbance group; Inspections after heavy rainfall to check for scour, soil erosion or sedimentation Accidental spillages of wet To prevent impacts on water quality  Construct off-site or establish clear Daily visual Weekly Consult with local cement, or cement and river/stream fauna (cement is separation of concrete batching assessment/ monitoring by community using water washings into the river (if in highly toxic to fish and other aquatic works from any drainage to the site MID – TPPD; sources to identify parallel with other works) animals) waterway; inspections by HCC - WD problems and remedial  Avoid spills of cement or disposal contractor; actions; of excess mixed cement into Supervisor of Immediate addressing waterway; community of water quality  Protect dry cement stocks from group problems to satisfaction wind by covering with tarpaulin of community SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev01 Appendices: Page - 25 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Appendix 3 – Resettlement Policy Framework Table of Contents Annexes Annex 1 – Procedure for Acquisition of Land Annex 2 – Contents of Abbreviated Resettlement Plan List of Acronyms ADB Asian Development Bank AusAID Australian Agency for International Development CSP Community Sector Project (AusAID funded) DMS Detailed measurement survey EAs Executing Agencies (counterpart SIG agencies for the REP) ECD Environment and Conservation Division (MECM) ESMG Environmental and Social Management Guidelines HCC Honiara City Council IOL Inventory of Losses km Kilometer LBES Labor-based equipment support LI Labor intensive M&E Monitoring and evaluation MID Ministry of Infrastructure Development OP Operational Policy (covering various safeguards – World Bank) PAP Project affected person PET Pre-Employment Training (Component 2 of the REP) PMCBU Project Management and Capacity Building Project (within MID for SIRIP) POM Project Operations Manual REP Rapid Employment Project RES Rapid Employment Scheme (Component 1 of the REP) RPF Resettlement Policy Framework RP Resettlement Plan SIG Solomon Island Government SIRIP Solomon Islands Road Improvement (Sector) Project (NZAID, AusAID and ADB) WB World Bank WD Works Division (HCC) YSWAD Youth, Sports and Women’s Affairs Division (HCC) SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Appendices: Page - 26 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project I. PROJECT BACKGROUND The Solomon Islands Government (SIG) with support and assistance from the World Bank (WB) is preparing the Rapid Employment Project (REP). The overall objectives of the REP include: (i) increasing incomes of the urban poor in and around Honiara city through the provision of short-term employment opportunities; and (ii) improve beneficiaries’ knowledge, experience and basic life-skills that are valued in the work place and society. The objectives would be achieved through two components: (i) a Rapid Employment Scheme (RES) that supports labor-intensive public works and services, and (ii) a Pre- Employment Training (PET) initiative to support participant transition into the RES. The REP would be implemented over an estimated five year period and would consist of three components:  Component 1 – the RES would provide short-term temporary employment opportunities for the vulnerable urban poor through labor-intensive public works and the program is expected to generate approximately 500,000 labor days;  Component 2 – the PET would seek to improve understanding and skills of the targeted youth under the RES (approximately 50% of total beneficiaries) on issues related to basic money management, workplace behavior, adolescent health (including family planning, HIV/AIDS awareness, alcohol use/abuse) and domestic violence (social issues noted to be on the rise especially among urban groups); and  Component 3 – Project Management and Strengthening would inform and strengthen the planning and delivery of public works programs utilizing labor-intensive (LI) and labor-based equipment support (LBES) methodologies; and to support marginal additional technical assistance and capacity building needs within Ministry of Infrastructure Development (MID) and other implementing partners. The activities under Component 1 will include repair and rehabilitation of selected roads within Honiara City Council (HCC) boundaries and which fall under the responsibility of Ministry of Infrastructure Development (MID). Such activities will be largely conducted within existing rights of way (ROW), being 10m in width for access/spur roads and 20m in width for connector/main roads, therefore impacts from land acquisition will be minimal. In respect of activities on roads it is possible that strip acquisition could be required in some cases to (i) provide for the full ROW or to construct or widen drains; (ii) the incidental (temporary) effects of construction; and (iii) clearing of ROW to original designs. For HCC works, land acquisition could be triggered by the need for strips of land to provide for the construction of footpaths or steps. The potential number of households that may be affected through such impacts is small and within the category of “minor” according to WB safeguard policy.37 Resettlement plans (RPs) will be prepared accordingly during implementation whenever the need for resettlement is identified through completion of the Land Acquisition and Resettlement (LAR) Screening Form. 37 According to WB’s safeguard policy covering resettlement – OP 4.12 – resettlement is defined as any impacts associated with the loss of land or assets or the loss of access to, or use of, land. Impacts are considered "minor" if the affected people are not physically displaced and less than 10% of their productive assets are lost. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Appendices: Page - 27 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project This Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) outlines the resettlement policy principles, procedures, and institutional arrangements to ensure that if land acquisition/resettlement needs are identified, the project Executing Agencies (EAs) follow the procedures for land acquisition in compliance with the Government’s applicable laws and regulations, and also comply with the requirements of WB’s safeguard policy on involuntary resettlement (OP 4.12), and the agreed RPF for the Project. While the roads to be included in the project are known, the segments which will be the subject of works (i.e. subprojects) under the project are not known, and thus any issues of land lease resumption and asset compensation required for the purposes of the Project can not yet be identified. In the event that land lease resumption and compensation for assets is required and government policies and practices allow for compensation, then the procedures outlined in the RPF consistent with Bank policies will be applied. In the event that government policy does not compensate for land lease resumption (for instance, when structures have been illegally erected) then the sub-project activity would be deemed ineligible for funding under the Project. Therefore resettlement plans (RPs) cannot be prepared until the actual segments have been identified based on the eligibility of segments as subproject investments, which will take place after detailed survey. Following detailed survey, completion of the LAR Screening Form, and decision as to eligibility of segments as “subprojects”, the eligible segments that trigger land acquisition will follow the guidelines and process set out in this RPF in respect of identification of PAPs, compensation mechanisms, consultation, and preparation and implementation of the RP. II. LAND TENURE AND MANAGEMENT Traditional land and resource management in Solomon Islands is community based, some 87% of land is under customary resource tenure and all natural resources i.e. forests, minerals, reefs, and islets belong to customary land owners.38 The remaining land is considered “alienated” and is subject to registration under the Land and Titles Act 1988. Within HCC boundaries (i.e. the town boundary) all land is owned by the state and is held in Perpetual Estate Title on behalf of SIG by the Commissioner of Lands (COL). The COL enters into 50 year fixed term estate (FTE) agreements with individuals or shorter term Temporary Occupancy Licences (TOL). A TOL is valid for a period of one to two years, and permanent structures or improvements are not permitted on this land. As can be seen from Table 1, most of the land is under FTE arrangements. 38 Exemptions being the lands of the federal capital area (Honiara) and provincial headquarters. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Appendices: Page - 28 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Table 1 – Land Area by Lease Arrangements within HCC 2 Area of land by land classification (km ) Ward Temporary Commissioner Fixed term occupation of Lands land estate land license land Cruz 0.4 0.4 0.0 Kola’a 4.8 3.9 0.9 Kukum 0.3 0.3 0.0 Mataniko 0.9 0.8 0.1 Mbumburu 1.2 1.2 0.0 Naha 0.1 0.1 0.0 Ngossi 4.0 3.5 0.5 Panatina 7.6 7.1 0.5 Rove/Lengakiki 1.1 1.1 0.0 Vavaea 1.6 1.5 0.1 Vuhokesa 0.3 0.3 0.0 Vura 2.2 2.1 0.1 HCC Total 24.5 22.2 2.3 Source: Ministry of Lands – Valuation Division (2010) Within Panatina ward is an area known as Burns Creek, which is predominantly under TOL arrangement, and covers an area of 0.0309 km2. While this area is immediately outside of the town boundary, and falls under the jurisdiction of Guadalacanal Province, it is issued to the COL under perpetual estate title. MID has a process in place for “acquisition” of customary land for public purposes, and this includes consultation with the members of the land owning line and any other person who claims an interest in the land. For public works the land is not acquired as such, it is gifted or contributed following an extensive period of consultation and agreement through signing of a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU). The MOU waives the customary interest in the land in lieu of the public infrastructure (wharves, roads, schools, clinics and other public utilities). Exceptions are projects funded through international aid assistance where the donor agency has insisted on registration of the land, which in effect alienates land from customary ownership and must go through (i) a customary process for identifying those with an interest in the land; and (ii) the process established in the Land and Titles Act. This procedure is set out in Annex 1, however it should be noted that this process will not be relevant for any land affected under the REP. Acquisition of alienated land follows the procedure for acquiring alienated or registered land established in the Land and Titles Act. The process is more straight-forward than that of dealing with customary land. This process is essentially a transaction between the COL, through an Acquisition Officer and Valuation Officer (from the office of the Valuer General plus an independent valuation from a privately registered valuer) and the land-owner. Acquisition of any land from within the HCC boundaries in effect will constitute a resumption of an FTE lease (in whole or in part). All FTE agreements are based on a contract which contains a specific clause stipulating that the COL may resume, for public purposes, part, or all, of the parcel of land covered by the lease,39 and will follow the process set out in the Lands and Titles Act. 39 The rent payable for FTEs is very low compared with the “real estate” value of the land because of the possibility that COL may resume the land, on behalf of SIG, for public purposes. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Appendices: Page - 29 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project This would require a letter from MID or HCC to COL setting out the details of the land required, the purposes for which it is required, and a request for COL to resume the land to Perpetual Estate Title for the purposes set out in the letter. COL will review the application, and with the Planning and Survey Divisions will survey and demarcate the area required. Following consultations and negotiations with the FTE holder, the COL will issue a letter of resumption, to which the title-holder responds, and the process for agreeing the compensation is commenced.40 III. RESOLVING DISPUTES OVER LAND OWNERSHIP Any disputes arising over alienated land, usually in relation to compensation as ownership is clear, are referred to the Magistrates Court and follow the procedure set out in the Land and Titles Act and Civil Code. For disputes over customary land, there is a two-step process; (i) the civil procedure through the Magistrates Court, and (ii) the customary procedure. The hearing in the Magistrates Court will determine whether the case can be dealt with through civil proceedings or whether the case is better handled through the customary process. If the case can not be resolved after the Local Court hearing is presented as a case before the Customary Land Appeal Court (CLAC), which usually settles the case. Disputes over the award of compensation for resumed title, or where an FTE holder seeks to get compensation for “unimproved” land, are settled in the High Court. IV. POLICY FRAMEWORK AND ENTITLEMENTS As noted above the current legislation governing land acquisition for public or development purposes is the Land and Titles Act. Sections 71 through 85 of the Act deal with land acquisition for public purposes and sections 184 through 190 set out the requirements for public ROW. The legislation does not cover project-affected people (PAPs) without title or ownership records, such as informal settlers/squatters (non-titled PAPs) or people with illegal structures or gardens (encroachments) in the ROW.41 For improved land, the Act provides for compensation to be paid (i) in the form of rental for any land used or occupied on a temporary basis; or (ii) for permanent acquisition of the land. Compensation is assessed on such things as the condition of the land, use of the land, and impact on the value of contiguous land, and can be provided in two ways; (i) if requested by the lease-holder, an FTE can be granted for an alternative parcel of land; or (ii) cash compensation based on the valuation of the land plus the improvements. The valuation is based on the current value of parcels of land for similar uses in the area and the current rent for similar FTE arrangements. This is considered to constitute current market value/replacement cost as envisaged in OP 4.12. 40 Similar to the process for acquiring free-hold land, this is based on the valuation by the Valuer General and an independent valuation form a private sector and registered valuer. 41 As noted previously, in the event that land lease resumption and compensation for assets is required and government policies and practices allow for compensation, then the procedures outlined in this RPF will be applied. In the event that government policy does not compensate for land lease resumption (for instance, when structures have been illegally erected) then the sub-project activity would be deemed ineligible for funding under the Project. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Appendices: Page - 30 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project For unimproved land, the compensation negotiated is based on the original lease price plus reimbursement of all rent payments made up to the time of the resumption.42 While the Act includes a provision for interest to be paid it is not free of taxes or other deductions, as required under W B’s policy. Furthermore, the legislation does not take account of the social and economic consequence of land acquisition in terms of restoration of lost income. Thus, owing to three main differences between the Act and WB’s safeguard policy OP 4.12 (involuntary resettlement), the provisions in this project-specific RPF will be adopted.43 The RPF and resettlement procedural guideline stipulations contained in this document will apply to all subprojects to be prepared and approved under the Project. Table 2 sets out the differences between the Act and OP 4.12 and identifies what types of remedial measures would be needed to fill the gaps. Table 2 – Comparison of SIG Law and OP 4.12 SIG Law Provisions OP 4.12 Provisions Remedial Measures Does not require publication of Disclosure of project information ESMG report (incl. RPF) to be disclosed information about and documents (incl. acquisition on WB’s website, made available for acquisition/resumption of process and compensation) and public perusal at MID and HCC offices. leases and entitlements broad based community Summary of RPF and ESMGs to be consultation required made available in English and/or Pidgin on request. Compensation does not cover All transaction costs associated Compensation to include amounts due taxes or other deductions with acquisition to be included in for taxes and any other costs associated compensation award, i.e. there with the transfer/ or acquisition. No cost should be no cost to PAP to the PAP of land acquisition (resumption of land/negation of lease in part or in entirety) Does not provide for Compensation and other forms of Subprojects with illegal or encroaching compensation for structures if assistance to be provided for non- structures in the ROW will be ineligible they are illegal or encroaching titled PAPs and PAPs with for funding under the Project encroaching or illegal structures Does not provide for lost Livelihoods to be restored to at Additional measures as required to income or livelihoods resulting least pre-project conditions ensure that PAP’s livelihood is restored from acquisition of land or and any impacts from lost income are assets mitigated The RPF reflects the SIG’s land acquisition laws/regulations and W B’s policy on involuntary resettlement and best practice notes and guidelines. It stipulates eligibility and provisions for compensating all types of losses (land, crops/trees, structures, business etc). All PAPs and households will be compensated for lost legal assets (crops, structures, trees and/or business losses) and will receive (i) compensation at replacement value (either cash at market value or a FET for an alternative parcel of land), and / or (ii) replacement seedlings, other resettlement assistance such as shifting allowance, assistance with rebuilding structures, compensation for loss of workdays/income due to dislocation. Those PAPs with FTEs will receive compensation either for (i) the value, as negotiated between COL and the lessee, of the resumed land based on the current value of the land as if it were to be offered through lease to another party (as per the standard SIG process); or (ii) an alternative FTE lease i.e. land-for-land. Households headed by women and other vulnerable households will be eligible for assistance to fully mitigate project impacts through ensuring that at least two members of those households (one male and one female) are offered PET and employment under the Project. 42 This is in effect an incentive for lease-holders to make improvements to the land within the contract period (i.e. 12 months for residential land and 18 months for commercial land). FTE agreements are made on the basis that the FTE holder will be making improvements to the land. 43 This RPF is based on similar frameworks already approved/endorsed by SIG for other projects currently being implemented by MID (SIEAP and SIRIP). SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Appendices: Page - 31 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Table 3 presents the project’s entitlement matrix, based on potential losses. Table 3 – REP Entitlement Matrix Impact/Type of Definition of Application Entitlement Expected Results Loss People Affected FTE land within Loss of use of land Rent, as agreed between Compensation for the ROW required through temporary the Project and lease- loss of use of, for use during Lease-holder occupation by the holder, for an agreed access to, land for repair/rehabilitation Project term (time period) the defined period activities Cash compensation as agreed between COL and lease-holder; OR Permanent loss of FTE land within Compensation for New FTE lease for use of land the ROW to be the current value Lease-holder alternative land, with no (residential or resumed for the of the lease to cost to PAP for commercial) project lease holder relinquishing original lease or processing alternative lease Compensation at scheduled rate (current Loss of gardens, market value) by the trees, crops, Compensation for Standing crops, Owner(s) of crops Forest Division for timber perennials, and/or standing crops and trees in the ROW or trees trees and the productive trees Department of trees/plants Agriculture for crops or productive plants/trees Partial or total Legal structures Owner of legal Compensation for Compensation for removal of legal i.e. with building structure structures affected or loss of legal structure (house or permits/approval removed at replacement dwelling and/or commercial under the Building value without deductions commercial structure) Ordinance for salvaged materials; structure (residential or and assistance from the commercial) in EAs in locating suitable ROW alternative housing or commercial building; 44 Shifting allowance for relocating household or business goods and support while re- establishes Affected vulnerable Vulnerable Vulnerable PET and “rolling” Livelihood households households on the households employment under the stabilisation ROW and losing identified through project for at least two legal assets to the consultation with household members project community (one male and one leaders female) aged between (households 15 and 29 years headed by women, elderly, disabled, poor households, and relocating households) 44 The shifting/relocation allowance will be agreed between the EAs and the household/PAP on a case-by case basis. The shifting allowance will be adequate to cover (i) dismantling of the structure; (ii) transport of structure/housing materials salvaged and all household effects/commercial goods; and (iii) costs of alternative accommodation, if required, while the structure is being re-built. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Appendices: Page - 32 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Impact/Type of Definition of Expected Application Entitlement Loss People Affected Results Displacement of Community Community Replacement as agreed Restoration of community structure on the representatives as with community or cash community structure ROW, if removed identified through compensation under law structure for project interest consultation and with additional grants as for common confirmation by required to meet benefits community replacement value leaders without deductions for any materials salvaged Assistance from the EA with dismantling and reconstructing structure or property Unforeseen or Any impact Concerned Determined as per the No impact is left unintended identified at affected people spirit of this RPF unmitigated. impacts design stage V. PROCEDURE FOR RP PREPARATION If required, an RP will be prepared in accordance with W B’s OP 4.12 (and Annexes) and as set out in Annex 2. As any resettlement impacts and losses are anticipated to be minor it is most likely that any RPs prepared under the Project will be abbreviated RPs.45 The RP must comply with W B’s policy and other safeguard policies, including consultation with community leaders and PAPs. A Consultation Plan has been prepared for the project and this also requires consultation as part of RP preparation, this is described further in Section VII. For subprojects, the EAs will carry out surveys (inventory of losses and census of those affected), based on preliminary technical designs. An inventory of losses (IOL) will be completed for all PAPs losing use of land or assets to the Project. The IOL will be conducted in a participatory manner with the head of the household working with the EAs/CLOs to estimate the losses and impacts. For each subproject requiring preparation of an RP, the cut-off date will be established as the date of the commencement of the IOL, this will be publicised in advance by the EAs. The RP will also include measures to ensure that socio-economic conditions, needs, and priorities of women are identified, and to ensure that land acquisition and resettlement does not disadvantage women. The RP will include a budget for RP implementation identifying where the funds will come from and an implementation schedule linked with the activities/works. The works/activities will not commence until compensation has been awarded to PAPs. Compensation for relinquishment of leases will be at current market value/replacement cost, and compensation for crops, trees and structures will be determined based on published rates from relevant government agencies (as set out in Section VI after negotiation with the PAPs) with additional grants as required to ensure market value. The RPs will be reviewed by the EA (MID or HCC) and submitted to WB for endorsement. A “no objection” for the RP will be received from the WB prior to its implementation. 45 Abbreviated RPs are required for minor impacts i.e. if the affected people are not physically displaced and less than 10% of their productive assets are lost. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Appendices: Page - 33 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project VI. INSTITUTIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES The RPs will be prepared by either MID or HCC, depending on the nature of the activities causing the acquisition (resumption of the land required). This means that each EA will need to identify a person with the REP project management structure as responsible for safeguards implementation (refer to the ESMG). Both the MID and HCC management structures for the project include a Community Liaison Officer (CLO) who will also be responsible for social safeguards including facilitating consultations and preparation of the RPs, as required.46 With assistance from Ministry of Lands - COL (and relevant divisions), the EA will identify the land and lease-holder, undertake consultations, undertake a land acquisition survey, census, and the IOL survey, and prepare the RP and proposals for acquisition of the land (through a letter to COL requesting resumption of the land for public purposes). During the process, the EA will ensure that entitlements and mitigation measures are established in the RP consistent with this RPF; and suitable budgetary provisions are made for timely RP implementation. The EA will also ensure that the RP is submitted to WB for approval, and that funds for compensation and entitlement under the RP are fully provided by the SIG to people affected prior to the commencement of works/activities. The EA will prepare a satisfactory RP as per the agreed RPF before formally requesting acquisition of the land or restricting people’s access to land for the purposes of the Project. Depending on the nature of assets to be acquired other government agencies will be involved in establishing compensation rates. There are scheduled rates for base rates but consultation and negotiation are also involved in fixing compensation awards, this is especially important in respect of assets on the leased land. The valuation of all improvements to land covered by an FTE is done through the Valuer General’s office, with assistance form relevant other Ministries as required. For removal of crops and trees, compensation will be based on the published schedules of Ministry of Agriculture (Agricultural Extension Division) for root crops and tree crops and Forestry Division – Commercial Section for plantation trees and wood/timber trees. The rates for root crops are based on value of product per m2 and tree crops are valued according to age, size and productivity of individual trees. The crop rate schedule has recently been updated but has not been gazetted as yet. MID has also agreed compensation for certain types of trees and crops on other projects, and these should be used as the starting point for negotiations under the REP. Structures (houses and commercial structures) are valued through the Ministry of Lands, Housing and Survey (Housing Division). Government or state buildings are valued according to condition and vary from $700/m2 for poor condition buildings to $2,800/ m2 for good conditions buildings. Private buildings are valued at replacement rate plus relocation expenses. The value of the lease, or part thereof, for the land to be resumed, is valued through Ministry of Lands, Housing and Survey (COL). Two valuation reports are prepared (one by the SIG valuer and one by the independent valuer) based on the size and condition of land, any improvements made to the land, and assessment in respect of the closest comparable values that are obtainable. 46 The CLOs/Social Safeguards Officers in MID and HCC will receive training and support from the safeguards specialists attached to MID’s Project Management and Capacity Building Unit (PMCBU) and also from MID’s Community Development Officer. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Appendices: Page - 34 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project VII. CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE The EAs, through their respective mechanisms (i.e. Community Liaison Officers and MID’s Community Development Officer), will consult affected households, leaders, and representatives of community associations to ascertain their needs and concerns about land/asset acquisition. The EAs will inform affected people of their entitlements through public consultations and the entitlement matrix will be translated into Pidgin and be made available in public places in the vicinity of the Project. As noted in Section V, the EA will ensure the participation of PAPs in planning and implementation of the process, and specific consultations in relation to land/asset acquisition will be detailed in the RP. A Consultation Plan has been prepared for the project and this also requires consultations with communities (including focus group discussions with youth, women, formal and informal community leaders, church etc) as part of RP preparation. Individual meetings with directly affected people/households (PAPs) will also be undertaken and recorded in the RP. For subprojects, the EAs will carry out surveys (inventory of losses and census of those affected), based on preliminary technical designs. An inventory of losses (IOL) will be completed for all PAPs losing use of land or assets to the Project. The IOL will be conducted in a participatory manner with the head of the household working with the EAs/CLOs to estimate the losses and impacts. To meet WB requirements on Public Consultation and Information Disclosure, this RPF and any RPs prepared there-under will be disclosed requirements to PAPs and beneficiary communities, following consultation. VIII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM Complaints and grievance redress procedures will be outlined in the RPs to ensure stakeholder participation in the implementation process and to ensure there is a publicly acceptable forum with which to deal with any issues or complaints arising through land acquisition. Through public consultations, those affected will be informed that they have a right to grievance resolution. It will be important that any grievance redress mechanism reflect the existing process for resolving disputes over compensation for resumed land. This includes filing a complaint with the local (Magistrates Court), and then pursuing in the High Court if the complainant is not satisfied with the decision of the local court. The grievance resolution mechanism proposed for the REP is based on the above existing system for dispute resolution, and would require the complaint firstly being discussed by the complainant and the CLOs (as representatives of the EAs), Councillors/WAC Members and the COL. If a satisfactory conclusion cannot be obtained through this process, then the matter will be directed to the courts. The CLOs will record all complaints (date, complainant, complaint/grievance, attempts to resolve the complaint, and outcomes). The record of the grievance redress mechanism will be the subject of monitoring. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Appendices: Page - 35 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project IX. MONITORING AND EVALUATION The RP will contain a monitoring framework consistent with the generic parameters/indicators set out in the ESMG. The EA will monitor the progress of all aspects of land acquisition/RP implementation, if any. It will particularly monitor the delivery of resettlement entitlements to PAPs. The EA will involve leaders and representatives of community associations to assist with the monitoring. The monitoring will also cover the PAPs’ satisfaction with consultation, timeliness of compensation payment, and restoration of livelihoods (ability of PAPs to restore livelihoods to at least pre-project levels). The EAs will submit a quarterly review on land acquisition/RPs to WB for review. WB review missions will specifically check the progress of any resettlement and land acquisition under the REP. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Appendices: Page - 36 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Annexes Annex 1 - Procedure for Acquisition of Registered Land Annex 2 – Contents of an Abbreviated Resettlement Plan SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Appendices: Page - 37 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Annex 1 – Procedure for Acquisition of Registered Land This process involves:  Commissioner of Lands or Provincial Secretary appointing an Acquisition Officer;  The Acquisition Officer, who has the power of a Magistrate, after a series of meetings and hearings, identifies a group of trustees (of between two and five people) who will represent the line in the acquisition process;  A notice is published specifying the date of the next hearing and listing the people initially identified as trustees;  Following the hearing, a second notice is published and posted in public places nominating the trustees. The notification process is three months during which time appeals as to the nomination of trustees can be made;  If there is an appeal, adjudication can be a two step process (as described in Section III of the RPF);  If there are no appeals as to the trustees, the area is surveyed and a Land Officer prepares a valuation report and certificate. Discussions are held with the trustees about whether the transaction will be through lease arrangements or complete acquisition, as well as initial discussions about the price;  Final negotiations are held with the trustees based on the valuation report and their own determination of the price for the land;  According to the Act, agreement to the compensation award must be obtained from the “majority” of persons with an interest in the land; and  Following agreement on the price the payment is made, an one-off payment (known as the premium) for acquired land or a premium plus rent for leased land. The Lands and Titles Act specified the term of a lease as 33 years unless an alternative agreement is reached. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Appendices: Page - 38 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Annex 2 – Contents of an Abbreviated Resettlement Plan Section Contents Introduction General description of the project and identification of the project area. Potential impacts including: (a) the project component or activities that give rise to resettlement; (b) the zone of impact of such component or activities; (c) the alternatives considered to avoid or minimize resettlement; and (d) the mechanisms established to minimize resettlement, to the extent possible, during project implementation. Census Survey of PAPs and The findings of census survey, including (a) current occupants of the Valuation of Assets affected area; (b) standard characteristics of displaced households, including a description of production systems, labor, and household organization; and baseline information on livelihoods (including, as relevant, production levels and income derived from both formal and informal economic activities) and standards of living (including health status) of the displaced population; (c) information on vulnerable groups or persons for whom special provisions may have to be made; (d) provisions to update information on livelihoods and standards of living; and (e) a description of the magnitude and valuation of the expected loss--total or partial--of assets (by each type of loss), and the extent of displacement, physical or economic; Compensation and Definition of PAPs and criteria for determining their eligibility for Resettlement Assistance compensation and other resettlement assistance, and description of compensation or other resettlement assistance to be provided (as per the entitlement matrix showing the types of compensation/restoration mechanisms for different types of losses). Consultation and Disclosure Involvement of PAPs and community stakeholders; (a) a summary of the views expressed and how these views were taken into account in preparing the resettlement plan; (b) a review of the resettlement alternatives presented and the choices made by PAPs regarding options available to them; and (c) the process for disclosing documents and information in respect of resettlement Institutional Responsibilities The findings of an analysis of the institutional framework covering: (a) the and Grievance Redress identification of agencies responsible for resettlement activities and NGOs that may have a role in project implementation; (b) an assessment of the institutional capacity of such agencies and NGOs; and (c) any steps that are proposed to enhance the institutional capacity of agencies and NGOs responsible for resettlement implementation. Affordable and accessible procedures for third-party settlement of disputes arising from resettlement; such grievance mechanisms should take into account the availability of judicial recourse and community and traditional dispute settlement mechanisms. Monitoring and evaluation Arrangements for monitoring of resettlement activities by the implementing agency, supplemented by independent monitors as considered appropriate by the Bank, to ensure complete and objective information; performance monitoring indicators to measure inputs, outputs, and outcomes for resettlement activities; involvement of the displaced persons in the monitoring process; evaluation of the impact of resettlement for a reasonable period after all resettlement and related development activities have been completed; using the results of resettlement monitoring to guide subsequent implementation. Timetable and budget An implementation schedule (timetable) covering all resettlement activities from preparation through implementation Tables showing itemized cost estimates for all resettlement activities, including allowances for inflation, population growth, and other contingencies; timetables for expenditures; sources of funds; and arrangements for timely flow of funds, and funding for resettlement, if any, in areas outside the jurisdiction of the implementing agencies. SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Appendices: Page - 39 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Appendix 4 – List of People Consulted during ESMG Preparation Date Organisation Name Designation Purpose 10.02.10 Ministry of Infrastructure Development Ambrose Kirei Director, TPPD Discussion about proposed management structure for REP; Need to link ESMG with existing MID systems and processes; Look at links with PMCBU for training 12.02.10 Honiara City Council – Works Division Les Hewer Director of Works Site visits to potential subproject areas, WB - REP Rob Dingen LBES Specialist discussed typical subproject activities 15.02.10 Honiara City Council – Corporate Services Wayne Hart City Clerk Discussed consultation Division requirements/process, land issues and info required for ESMG preparation 15.02.10 Honiara City Council – Youth, Sport & Women’s Lauren Banning AYAD – Assistant to Women’s Discussed networking for women’s groups Affairs Division Affairs Officer and how best consult with them under REP 17.02.10 Ministry of Infrastructure Development Brian Deutrom Community Development Officer Discussed how MID consults with communities on LBES projects; How MID handles land and stone/aggregate extraction issues; Process for signing of MOUs with communities etc 18.02.10 Dalgro (LBES Contractor) Reginald Douglas Project Manager Discussed issues and problems with Ray Kelleny Site Manager LBES type contracts and potential ways to overcome problems 19.02.10 Ministry of Lands, Housing & Survey ( Land Jackson Vivea Surveyor General Discussion about types of land and lease Centre) arrangements; Request for information on land type by ward and maps/aerial photographs 22.02.10 Ministry of Women, Youth & Children’s Affairs Edward Anisito Director – Youth Development General discussion on REP and how best Division to collaborate with the Ministry; Understanding of youth group mobilisation and other programs and projects; Discussion about presentation on REP at next National Youth Stakeholder Meeting SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Appendices: Page - 40 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Date Organisation Name Designation Purpose 22.02.10 Ministry of Women, Youth & Children’s Affairs Ruth Maetala Director – Research, Policy & General discussion on REP and how best Planning Division to collaborate with the Ministry; Understanding of women’s group mobilisation and other programs and projects; Discussion about including project information in Ministry’s MDGs “Information Pack” 22.02.10 National Youth Congress Charles Fox General Secretary Understanding of role of NYC; Links with REP and particularly training 23.02.10 Save the Children (Australia) Robbie Gillespie Project Manager – Youth Understanding of goals and beneficiaries Outreach Partnership Program of the program; How link/work with Ministry and NYC; Lessons learned 24.02.10 Ministry of Lands, Housing & Survey Ruth Liloqula Commissioner of Lands; Introduction to REP; Permanent Secretary Understanding of types of land in HCC and lease arrangements; Discussions about “acquisition” process 24.02.10 Honiara City Council – Works Division Les Hewer Director of Works Further site visits to potential subproject areas, discussed typical subproject activities 25.02.10 Honiara City Council – Corporate Services Wayne Hart City Clerk More detailed discussion about HCC Division structure, proposed management structure for REP, compensation, and the existing HCC process for dealing with encroachments in ROW 03.03.10 Honiara City Council Wayne Hart City Clerk Les Hewer Director of Works Discussion of first draft of ESMG Charles Kelly Director of Corporate Services (including RPF) Ministry of Infrastructure Development Moses Virivolomo Under-Secretary - Technical SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Appendices: Page - 41 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Date Organisation Name Designation Purpose 04.03.10 Honiara City Council Elected members (9 Councillors Overview of REP and full discussion of attending) progress to date and future direction and requirements for participation, and endorsement of City Clerk to continue negotiations. 05.03.10 Ministry of Lands, Housing & Survey Ruth Liloqula Commissioner of Lands; Discussion of compensation mechanisms Permanent Secretary and processes; Discussion of RPF SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Appendices: Page - 42 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Appendix 5 – Consultation Plan Timing Feedback/Issues or Item Activities (Date or Responsibility Remarks/Actions to be Taken Concerns Raised Period) PROJECT APPRAISAL PHASE Issues identified to be further taken Preparation of draft ESMG Initial consultation with MID/HCC and WB ESMG up during more detailed consultations Report (incl. ESMGs, RPF and Feb/Mar 2010 Summarized in ESMG Report stakeholders Consultant in Subproject Identification and Consultation Plan) Implementation Phases Introduction to the Project; Consultations and meetings with line potential beneficiaries; types and Minutes written up and made agency stakeholders, other WB ESMG location of subprojects; key available for monitoring; development partners and NGOs; Consultant; stakeholders and agencies Concerns and issues to be Stakeholder meetings Initial meetings with Councilors/Ward Feb/Mar 2010 WB Appraisal involved in implementation; advice incorporated into EMP and RPF Advisory Committee [WAC] (as Team; as to assistance required from where appropriate; representatives of communities), MID/HCC communities, (labor, materials, Establish community contact points process to continue clearance of illegal structures etc) Obstructions and/or constraints in ROW (initial identification of OP 4.12 triggers) Condition survey and initial i.e. fences, culverts, bridges, roadside WB Consultant identification of Mar – May Obstructions/issues recorded as Issues identified to be discussed with stalls and other structures within (to be engaged); obstructions/illegal structures 2010 part of inventory database WB/MID/HCC and communities approximately 15 m of the road MID-CDO etc on roads centerline located and identified as part of survey Review of ESMG Report and WB ESMG Finalization of ESMG Report (based Review of draft ESMG and RPF appendices; Mar-Apr 2010 Consultant As identified by WB and EAs on comments); Comments to be addressed MID/HCC/WB ESMGs and RPF to be disclosed Presentation to Board; Official commencement of REP WB; WB Board Approval of Project Approval of Project; Jun 2010 notified in newspapers and on radio MFT Grant agreements put in place; (start-up of mobilization) Set out process for compensation for Include remedial measures where lost assets and rehabilitation of there are gaps between SIG law Approval and endorsement of significantly affected PAPs where and WB policy; any issues raised RPF as basis for any RP to be Jul 2010 MID/HCC/WB RPF triggered by any subproject; establish in consultation in respect of prepared for any subproject grievance redress mechanisms in line resettlement and compensation with existing custom and processes reflected in RPF Presentation to quarterly MID/HCC and WBRM to contact General information about project Apr 2010 or MID/HCC/WBRM Provide info so can reach groups National Youth Stakeholder MWYCA – Youth Division and NYC to provided Jul 2010 and NYC in network Meeting arrange SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Appendices: Page - 43 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Timing Feedback/Issues or Item Activities (Date or Responsibility Remarks/Actions to be Taken Concerns Raised Period) MID/HCC and WBRM to contact Broad dissemination of project General information about project Provide info to be included in End Mar 2010 MID/HCC/WBRM MWYCA – Research, Planning & info provided MDGs Information Pack Policy Division to arrange Agreement on information to be General project information Initial distribution of general information Jul 2010 - Reflected in Finalized Consultation provided and what stages of MID/HCC dissemination about project provided ongoing Plan Project PROJECT PREPARATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF SUBPROJECTS PHASE MID – PIU established; MID/HCC might need to identify Monitoring systems to be put in place; Project management structures Additional staff/TA recruited; potential KEY staff/recruits earlier CLO/Social Safeguards to discuss Jul-Aug 2010 MID/HCC established HCC Project Manager engaged; on in order that start of project is any training/capacity building needs CLOs (MID/HCC) identified/recruited not delayed with MID’s PCMBU Stakeholder and community group identification/registration; Initial community meetings, stakeholder MID/HCC-CLOs, Incorporated into Consultation Meeting minutes to be documented Sep 2010 Short-listing of Contractors agency meetings Councilors/WAC Plan as required and available for monitoring (MID) Identification and scoping of issues (resettlement, social and Community consultations and Sep 2010 – Identification of subproject impact environmental); subproject ESI screening ongoing (as ESI checklists completed by CLOs areas, field visits; MID/HCC-CLOs, Formulate available information as (checklist) completed (based on required by and SWO (MID)/ Coordinators Community meetings and FGDs with Councilors/WAC baseline for project monitoring and preliminary identification of subproject (HCC) women’s church, and youth groups evaluation; works/activities) sequencing) Checklists reviewed by Project Managers Agreement by community to (i) Community participate in PET and provide labor as Sep 2010 - representatives “Non-subprojects” (i.e. community MOUs or community required; and (ii) ensure that road ongoing (as Subproject/community (Councilors/WAC does not agree to removal of agreements signed with segment is free of illegal/encroaching required by MOUs/community agreements members) illegal structures) to be recorded participating communities structures or gardens etc; subproject available for monitoring MID-CDO/CLO; as such Documented as “pre-conditions” of sequencing) HCC-CLO subproject implementation IMPLEMENTATION/WORKS PHASE Identification of lease arrangements; Coordinate with COL, other relevant Oct 2010 - Lands divisions (Planning and Survey) ongoing (as Detailed works to be identified by Detailed scope of works MID/HCC-CLOs; and HCC (request info from Register of required by HCC-Works Director, MID-TPPD produced for subprojects COL (and other) Title); Identify improvements to land and subproject Director, Project Managers compensation mechanisms (as per sequencing) RPF) SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Appendices: Page - 44 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Timing Feedback/Issues or Item Activities (Date or Responsibility Remarks/Actions to be Taken Concerns Raised Period) Oct 2010 - Each EMP reviewed by Project ongoing (as As per ESMG Report (incl. ESMGs for MID/HCC-CLOs Managers, sample of EMPs Leading Hands/Contractors to be Subproject EMPs collated required by subproject activities) SWOs reviewed by HCC-Works Director, advised of agreed EMP requirements subproject MID-TPPD Director sequencing) Participatory IOL undertaken by EAs/CLOs and PAPs; Community consultations incl. focus group discussions with youth, women, RP or summary to be disclosed as community leaders and directly affected Inventory of losses and RP ASAP prior to MID/HCC-CLOs per RPF; parties (PAPs; documentation works WB Approved RP uploaded to WB’s Preparation, approval/endorsement of website RP; Summary RP distributed to affected villages and made available for PAPs to review ASAP prior to Notification of any land works (as MID/HCC-CLOs; “acquisition” (resumption) Publish list of affected lands/sites As per RPF, RP and SIG regulations required by COL HCC/MID to organize public notices required and any assets to be in local newspapers subproject removed/relocated sequencing) Following procedure set out in RPF, RP ASAP prior to Timing of implementation of RP RP implementation (including implemented and compensation construction MID/HCC; will be critical to start of subproject RP to be fully implemented (i.e. all public notices as required under awarded; notice of clearance of ROW (as required by Villages and works – compensation MUST be compensation awarded prior to works); LTA) issued; construction zone cleared of subproject PAPs awarded prior to works RP monitoring commences encumbrances sequencing) commencing ASAP prior to MID/HCC-CLOs All complaints and grievances to be works (as Meetings as required to resolve As per RPF/RP and outline procedure As required, Address issues as required; recorded (case no., date, location, required by grievances and complaints in ESMG Report Councilors/WAC recorded for monitoring purposes complaint, action required, resolution subproject date) to allow monitoring sequencing) ASAP prior to Any temporary use of land beyond Temporary land uses (for works) Confirmation of ROW and adjacent land works (as MID/HCC-CLOs; ROW to be negotiated between Subject to negotiations between identified use arrangements etc required by Contractor MID/Contractor and land-user (if Contractor and land-user subproject not HCC land) sequencing) MID/HCC; MID, HCC (and Contractor ??) To follow measures and Identification of quarries and Outside HCC - Extraction of materials to follow MID’s responsible for identifying any material As required requirements outlined in RPF and potential material sources village chiefs and Aggregate Extraction Guidelines sources/new quarries required EMP landowners SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Appendices: Page - 45 Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project Timing Feedback/Issues or Item Activities (Date or Responsibility Concerns Raised Period) ASAP prior to Obtain all necessary works (as MID/HCC; Monitoring of compliance with permit As per process set out in ESMG Report environmental (and any other) required by ECD All activities to be monitored conditions and approved EMP (development consent applications) permits required subproject provisions sequencing) Clearing and grubbing (incl. removal of all stumps, roots and other organic One month Clearing shall not extend outside Advance notice to village of material below ground level) limited to before the limit of the NOTIFIED area removal of any material not NOTIFIED area required for works,; commenceme MID/HCC unless otherwise agreed with land- Subject to monitoring and evaluation already cleared from ROW Any additional area to be used nt of user and community works/activities zone temporarily as negotiated between works/activities Contractor and land-user) MID/HCC Involvement of local During Internal and external monitoring to Engagement of local youth and women Contractor; community/labor in activities and In compliance with local labor laws ensure hiring targets met and as laborers following completion of PET community works/activities works compliance issues groups/labourers Consultation and disclosure As per ESMG Report and any relevant arrangements during (i) All consultation and disclosure SIG laws and requirements for As required MID/HCC None implementation, (ii) monitoring activities to be monitored notification and evaluation As identified in Compliance monitoring and As per project performance monitoring MID/HCC Corrective actions identified with Where possible community to monitoring evaluation system and monitoring plan ECD timeframe for resolution participate in monitoring process plan Immediately Post-activity/works updates to Keep communities informed and Address issues as required; prior to MID/HCC-CLOs Update as required communities and stakeholders highlight operational issues recorded for monitoring purposes completion As per project performance monitoring As identified in As identified during monitoring; Benefit monitoring and post- system, environmental/social impact MID/HCC; Community to participate in RPF and WB mid-term review and post- evaluation monitoring plan and post-RP monitoring community;WB monitoring process ESMG Report evaluation requirements Acronyms: CDO – Community Development Officer (MID); CLO – Community Liaison Officer (established for Project in both MID and HCC); COL – Commissioner of Lands; EAs – Executing Agencies (for REP = MID and HCC); ECD – Environment and Conservation Division; ESI – Environmental and Social Issues; ESMG – Environmental and Social Management Guidelines; EMP – Environmental Management Plan; FGDs – focus group discussions; HCC – Honiara City Council; LTA – Lands and Titles Act; MFT – Ministry of Finance and Treasury; MID – Ministry of Infrastructure Development; NYC – National Youth Congress; PAPs – Project Affected Persons; PET – Pre-Employment Training; PIU – Project Implementation Unit (for REP within MID); PMCBU – Project Management Building Unit (within MID); ROW – Right-of-Way; RP – Resettlement Plan; RPF – Resettlement Policy Framework; SIG – Solomon Islands Government; SWO – Senior Works Officers (MID/HCC)WAC – Ward Advisory Committee; WB – World Bank; WBRM – World Bank Resident Mission SOL-REP_ESMG_Rev02 Appendices: Page - 46