71084 Finland: Trade At-A-Glance Dec-08 2007 GDP 2007 GDP 2007 Share 2007 Trade Membership No. of RTAs/ EIAs (millions) per capita in World Trade per capita GATT WTO Goods Services $243,904 $46,251 0.62% $38,933 1950 1995 25 4 Finland TRADE PERFORMANCE ‡ HI OECD Ranking Decile TP High inc TRADE POLICY (TP) (out of 125) 25 2 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT (EE) (out of 126) 20 2 TO EE INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT (IE) (out of 181) 14 1 TRADE FACILITATION (TF) (out of 151) 15 1 TRADE OUTCOME (TO) (out of 161) 125 8 TF IE ‡ Rankings are based on the "representative" indicators (in bold) in each group below for the latest year Outer bound represents best value in latest year TRADE POLICY (TP)  1995-99^ 2000-04^ 2005-07^ Latest^ Trade Tariff Restrictiveness Index (MFN applied tariffs)& 3.9 4.1 4.1 * TTRI (applied tariffs including preferences) & .. 1.6 1.8 * TTRI Overall TRI (OTRI, applied tariffs incl. prefs.+NTMs)& .. 6.5 6.4 * (MFN) Other trade policy indicators MFN applied tariff - simple avg (%) 7.9 6.1 5.3 5.5 Applied Dispersion (coefficient of variation) 4.4 10.1 1.7 2.0 tariff (wgt avg) Maximum rate 1635.3 2102.4 201.3 228.8 Agriculture - simple avg (%) 26.4 19.1 14.7 16.7 Import Nonagriculture - simple avg (%) 5.2 4.2 3.9 3.8 duties MFN applied tariff - trade weighted avg (%) 5.7 3.5 3.2 3.2 MFN zero-duty imports (% in total imports) 27.4 44.3 58.8 56.7 * Applied tariff (incl. prefs.) - trade weighted avg (%) 4.3 2.2 1.9 2.1 Nontariff measures Agriculture 20.4 11.2 9.4 10.1 Nonagriculture 2.9 1.6 1.5 1.6 0 10 20 30 40 Applied tariff (incl. prefs.) - production weighted avg (%) .. 1.5 1.0 * HI OECD High inc Finland Applied tariff (incl. prefs.) escalation (finished% minus raw%) -0.3 1.0 1.0 Agriculture .. 7.4 14.4 16.5 Nonagriculture .. -2.2 1.0 0.9 Import duties (% of imports) 0.0 0.0 .. .. Services commit. Tariff overhang (MFN bound less MFN applied rate,%) -0.3 1.4 0.2 0.0 Bound tariff frequency ratio (% of total lines) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 * Specific tariffs frequency ratio (%) 3.2 3.7 12.5 10.5 0 40 80 Non-tariff measures frequency ratio (%) 34.4 .. .. .. HI OECD High inc Finland Overall GATS commitment index (0-100, best) .. 57.2 57.2 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT (EE)  1995-99^ 2000-04^ 2005-07^ Latest^ MA-TTRI (applied tariffs incl. prefs.)& 4.8 4.4 * MA-OTRI (applied tariffs incl. prefs.+NTMs)& 14.3 9.1 * MA-TTRI Other external environment indicators ROW applied tariff (incl. prefs.) - weighted avg (%) 5.4 4.2 3.4 2.8 * MFN duty free Agriculture 13.8 15.4 9.1 6.9 * (exports) Nonagriculture 5.1 3.9 3.3 2.7 * MFN zero-duty exports (% of total exports) 19.4 39.6 45.1 46.0 * Value of prefer Exports with FTA / CU partners (% of total exports) 61.2 63.1 62.9 62.3 * Preferences (EU+U.S.) utilization rate (%) .. .. .. .. 0 1 Lowest Highest Preferences (EU+U.S.) actual value (% of exports) .. .. .. .. HI OECD High inc Finland Real effective exchange rate (% change,+ =apprec.) -0.2 0.4 -0.2 3.1 ^ Indicators shown are period averages, incl. growth rates. Latest indicates 2008; when not available, 2006 or 2007 is used(noted by *). For more infor., see User's Guide at http://www.worldbank.org/wti2008. ŸMFN: most favored nation; NTM: nontariff measures; MA: market access; ROW: rest of the world; FTA: free trade agreement; CU: customs union; WTO: World Trade Organization GATT: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade; WGI: World Government Indicators; ".." indicates missing value; RTA/EIA: regional trade arrangement / economic integration arrangement; & 2007 are preliminary estimates Finland Trade At-A-Glance Dec-08 INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT (IE) 2004 2006 2007 2008 Ease of Doing Business (rank out of 181) .. .. 13 14 Starting a business (rank) .. .. 15 18 Enforcing contracts (rank) .. .. 6 18 Ease of Doing Closing a business (rank) .. 5 5 Business Other institutional environment indicators WGI - Regulatory Quality (-2.5 to +2.5, best) 2.09 2.14 1.94 .. 0 80 160 WGI - Rule of Law (-2.5 to +2.5, best) 1.90 1.93 1.87 .. HI OECD High inc Finland WGI - Control of Corruption (-2.5 to +2.5, best) 2.46 2.58 2.59 .. TRADE FACILITATION (TF) 1995-99^ 2000-04^ 2005-07^ Latest^ Logistics Performance Index (LPI, 1 to 5 best) .. .. 3.8 3.8 * Efficiency of customs and other border procedures .. .. 3.7 3.7 * Logistic Index Quality of transport and IT infrastructures .. .. 3.8 3.8 * International transportation costs .. .. 3.3 3.3 * Logistics competence .. .. 3.9 3.9 * Trading Trackability of shipments .. .. 4.2 4.2 * Across Borders Domestic transportation costs .. .. 2.2 2.2 * Timeliness of shipment .. .. 4.2 4.2 * Other trade facilitation indicators UNCTAD Shipping Doing Business - Trading Across Borders (rank out of 181) .. 5 4 No. of documents required for exports .. .. 4 4 No. of days process required for exports .. .. 33 31 Telephones Cost to export (US$ per container) .. .. 420 495 per 100 No. of documents required for imports .. .. 5 5 No. of days process required for imports .. .. 8 8 Secondary Cost to import (US$ per container) .. .. 420 575 enrollment Liner shipping connectivity index (0-100 best) .. .. 9.4 10.7 Telephones and mobiles per 100 people 97.4 136.4 144.2 147.9 * 0 Lowest 1 Highest Average cost of 3-minute call to U.S. (US$) 4.7 1.3 .. .. HI OECD High inc Finland Internet usage (per 100 people) 21.6 45.9 59.0 68.1 * Secondary gross school enrollment (%) 119.2 122.7 111.4 111.6 * TRADE OUTCOME (TO) ## 1995-99^ 2000-04^ 2005-07^ Latest^ Real growth in trade of goods and services (%) 8.7 6.0 8.4 3.6 10 8.7 Exports 9.8 5.8 8.7 3.7 8 8.4 8.4 7.9 7.2 6.6 Imports 7.5 6.2 9.6 3.5 6 6.0 5.7 5.3 Other trade outcome indicators 4 3.6 Trade integration (trade as % of GDP) 67.2 73.1 83.4 88.8 2 FDI inflow (% of GDP) 3.2 4.0 2.8 4.0 0 1995-99 2000-04 2005-07 2008 World trade share growth (%) 0.0 0.2 0.6 -1.8 Trade Growth Rate Exports 0.9 -0.1 -0.9 -2.4 Finland HI OECD High inc Imports -1.1 0.6 2.4 -1.0 Merchandise share in total exports (%) 85.8 82.3 80.7 81.1 Exports Share (2005-07) Agriculture 8.2 6.6 5.8 6.0 * Agric, Manufacturing 72.3 69.6 66.5 66.3 * Service, 5.8 19.3 Mining, fuel and others 5.3 6.1 8.2 9.3 * Service share in total exports (%) 14.2 17.7 19.3 18.9 Mining, Tourism 3.3 2.8 2.6 2.6 * 8.2 Transportation 3.9 3.1 2.8 2.5 * Other services 6.9 11.9 13.9 13.7 * Export product concentration index (0 to 100, highest) 19.9 21.6 18.5 17.5 * Manuf, Export market concentration index (0 to 100, highest) 23.2 22.8 22.8 22.7 * 66.5 Top 5 exports share (% of merchandise exports) .. .. 40.3 39.2 * Top 5 exports (SITC Rev. 2; 3 digit) ( 764) Telecom equipment (641) Paper products (334) Heavy petroleum oils (675) Steel alloys ( 781) Passenger cars ^ Indicators shown are period averages, incl. growth rates. Latest indicates 2008; when not available, 2006 or 2007 is used (noted by *). For more info., see User's Guide at http://www.worldbank.org/wti2008 ## Most outcome indicators (mostly through 2007) are from the WDI (World Bank, Data Group), UNCTAD or COMTRADE; for filling gaps and 2008, data from the Prospects Group are used.