81370 enGender Impact: The World Bank’s Gender Impact Evaluation Database Impacts of Land Certification on Tenure Security, Investment, and Land Market Participation: Evidence from Ethiopia Author(s) Klaus Deininger, Daniel Ayalew Ali, Tekie Alemu Contact Kdeininger@worldbank.org Country Ethiopia Organizing Theme Economic Opportunities and Access to Assets Status Completed Intervention Category Land Titling Sector Agriculture and Rural Development While early attempts at land titling in Africa were often unsuccessful, factors such as new legislation, low-cost methods, and increasing demand for land have generated renewed interest. A four-period panel allows use of a pipeline and difference-indifferences approach Abstract to assess impacts of land registration in Ethiopia. We find that the program increased tenure security, land-related investment, and rental market participation and yielded benefits significantly above the cost of implementation. Gender Connection Gender Focused Intervention Gender Outcomes Women's owned property, investment IE Design Difference in Difference Ethiopia embarked on a land titling program that attempted to sidestep the failures of other African titling program. The program has 4 unique arms (1) It issues no alienable use Intervention rights certificates (2) promotes gender equality with joint land ownership (3) uses a participatory process of field adjudication and (4) uses the community to identify the boundaries. Intervention Period 2006-2011 The sample is comprised of 900 randomly selected households and 4000 plots cultivated by Sample population the households. Comparison conditions Pipeline Unit of analysis Household and land plots level Evaluation Period The paper utilizes panel data ranging from 1999-2007 Certification resulted in significant reduction of tenure insecurity and an increase in land- related investment. The propensity to invest in water conservation increased between 20- Results 30%. From panel estimates, the increased investment appears to be sustained over the long-term. The propensity to rent land increases by 9-13%. The titling had significant positive impacts on the rate at which female headed households rented their land. Last updated: 14 August 2013 1 enGender Impact: The World Bank’s Gender Impact Evaluation Database Primary study limitations Funding Source Gender Action Plan, Global Land Tools Network, Norwegian ESSD Trust Fund Deininger, K., Ali, D. A., & Alemu, T. (2011) Impacts of Land Certification on Tenure Reference(s) Security, Investment, and Land Market Participation: Evidence from Ethiopia. Land Economics, 87(2), 312-334. Link to Studies http://171.66.125.237/content/87/2/312.short Microdata Last updated: 14 August 2013 2