The World Bank Chad Local Development and Adaptation Project (P171611) Concept Environmental and Social Review Summary Concept Stage (ESRS Concept Stage) Public Disclosure Date Prepared/Updated: 10/17/2019 | Report No: ESRSC00835 Oct 17, 2019 Page 1 of 9 The World Bank Chad Local Development and Adaptation Project (P171611) BASIC INFORMATION A. Basic Project Data Country Region Project ID Parent Project ID (if any) Chad AFRICA P171611 Project Name Chad Local Development and Adaptation Project Practice Area (Lead) Financing Instrument Estimated Appraisal Date Estimated Board Date Environment, Natural Investment Project 4/28/2020 6/23/2020 Resources & the Blue Financing Economy Borrower(s) Implementing Agency(ies) Republic of Chad Ministry of Envrionment, Water and Fisheries Proposed Development Objective(s) Public Disclosure The project aims to support local inclusive development through, enhanced natural resources management, provision of basic water and sanitation services and increasing income generating opportunities. Financing (in USD Million) Amount Total Project Cost 54.45 B. Is the project being prepared in a Situation of Urgent Need of Assistance or Capacity Constraints, as per Bank IPF Policy, para. 12? No C. Summary Description of Proposed Project [including overview of Country, Sectoral & Institutional Contexts and Relationship to CPF] 22. More specifically, it aims to (i) strengthen the resilience of community livelihood around protected areas in the Chadian Sahelo-Saharan savannah, (ii) promote sustainable and integrated agro-sylvo-pastoral production systems, (iii) improve access to drinkable water and sanitation services and (iv) create activities generating income. Conserving biodiversity and reducing the impacts of climate change will guide these objectives. It will address the following constraints and issues: (a) lack of sound practices in using natural resources sustainably, (b) limited livelihoods options of the most vulnerable communities, (c) vulnerability of communities to climatic shocks, and (d) inadequate management of protected areas. It comprises four components: Oct 17, 2019 Page 2 of 9 The World Bank Chad Local Development and Adaptation Project (P171611) • Promote Sustainable Natural Resources Management and Conserve Protected Areas • Promoting Diversified, Resilient, Sustainable Livelihoods • Project Management, Coordination, and Monitoring • Contingency Emergency Response Component (CERC, Standardized) D. Environmental and Social Overview D.1. Project location(s) and salient characteristics relevant to the ES assessment [geographic, environmental, social] The project will be implemented in the provinces of Kanem, Batha, Wadi fira, Borkou, Ennedi West and Barh El Gazal which together cover 636 173 sq km and are located in the center and north/northeast of the country. These areas are sparsely populated and were recently ranked as among the least developed in terms of access to basic services and governance under the Local Development Index (LDI). In particular, Kanem and Borkou rank significantly lower than the national average in terms of Human Capital Index points that includes indicators relating to child mortality, education and access to health. Food insecurity and long term low level conflict especially in the border areas with Libya, Sudan and Niger have also contributed to deepening and entrenching poverty in these regions. The impacts of climate change have been profound on the entire country. The project area is considered a buffer zone for desertification and is also home to endangered animal species such as the Oryx, Dama and Dorcas gazelles. It is a refuge for critical species for the Sahelo-Saharan zone, such as the great bustards, vultures and a diverse range of birds and small and medium-sized carnivores. The wildlife reserves covers provinces of: (i) Batha, (ii) Barh El Gazal, (iii) Borkou, (iv) Ennedi West, (v) Kanem, and (vi) Wadi Fira. Climate change exacerbates existing conflicts among resource Public Disclosure users and may contribute to intercommunal violence in several provinces especially in the east of the country. D. 2. Borrower’s Institutional Capacity The project will be implemented by the Ministry of the Environment, Water and Fisheries. Their mandate includes the design and implementation of strategies, policies and programs that ensure the sustainable use of natural resources and the protection of the environment. The Ministry has several technical directorates and specialized agencies including those focused on combatting desertification, conserving biodiversity, enforcing environmental regulations, preventing pollution and fighting wildlife poaching. The Direction d’Evaluation Environnementale et de Lutte Contre les Pollutions et Nuisances (DEELCPN) is responsible for providing environmental permits for any kind of investment in Chad and for validating Environmental and Social Impact studies (including the safeguard instruments prepared for World Bank financed projects). While the Ministry has some experience implementing World Bank projects under the OPs, it has very limited capacity regarding the new Environmental and Social Framework (ESF). Given the expanded scope of the ESF, capacity building and training will be needed throughout the life of the project and will be outlined in the ESCP. It should be noted that Subcomponent 1.2. Community Sustainable Natural Resources Management (USD $5 million) will be implemented by a specialized agency that will be identified during project preparation. To maximize development benefits, the activities that will be financed under this Component will be prepared and implemented in partnership with other specialized agencies that will be identified and selected during preparation stage (i.e. CARE, GIZ, OXFAM, AFD) as well as those that are already implementing social and environmental/climate change adaptation activities in the project area. II. SCREENING OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL (ES) RISKS AND IMPACTS Oct 17, 2019 Page 3 of 9 The World Bank Chad Local Development and Adaptation Project (P171611) A. Environmental and Social Risk Classification (ESRC) Moderate Environmental Risk Rating Moderate The environmental risk is considered to be moderate at this stage, as project activities are limited in scale and site- specific, with minimal adverse impacts (mainly climate-smart agro-silvo-pastoral activities, protected area basic (small scale) infrastructure, sSmall-scale water and sanitation infrastructure, soil restoration and natural regeneration activities, ). The project activities are designed to improve the sustainable management of natural resources and promote diversified and resilient livelihoods. These activities are expected to have very limited and site specific environmental negative impacts. However, it is important to take all the necessary precautions to put certain provisions in place to mitigate potential risks and impacts. Social Risk Rating Moderate The social risk is considered moderate at this stage as any negative impacts related to the implementation of project activities are considered minimal and can be managed with mitigation measures. The main social risks are related to: (i) impact of potential restrictions on access to use of natural resources in the protected areas on the local population; (ii) possible GBV and abuse of local communities by workers financed by the project; (iii) effective consultations and information sharing with a widely dispersed and geographically remote population; and (iv) challenges for supervision given the insecurity in the project area. B. Environment and Social Standards (ESSs) that Apply to the Activities Being Considered Public Disclosure B.1. General Assessment ESS1 Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts Overview of the relevance of the Standard for the Project: An assessment of environmental and social risks and impacts will be required for both Components 1 & 2. Potential impacts are expected to be site specific, primarily associated with the construction/rehabilitation of small infrastructure in the protected areas, water access and sanitation infrastructure as well as income generating activities such as agrosilvopastoral activities. As the the exact scope and specific sites of public works and livelihood activities are not yet defined, a framework approach (ESMF, RPF) will be used to provide guidance on the appropriate instruments to be prepared after approval, such as Environmental and Social Impact Assessments/Environmental and Social Management Plans (ESIAs/ESMPs). The ESMF will make use of the general and sector-specific EHSGs for the identified subprojects in relation to occupational and community health and safety. The ESMP will provide guidance regarding mitigation and management measures during all phases of the project including the respective roles and responsibilities, schedule, costs and implementation procedures. It will incorporate lessons learned and the results of the ESIA. It will also include an assessment of the gender based violence risks (GBV), assessment of the available GBV services and proposed mitigation measures. A summary of the specific measures will be included in the Environmental and Social Commitment Plan (ESCP), prepared in collaboration with the Borrower. Areas where “Use of Borrower Framework” is being considered: The operation will not use the Borrower’s E&S Framework in the assessment, development and implementation of sub projects. The project will comply with relevant national legal requirements. Oct 17, 2019 Page 4 of 9 The World Bank Chad Local Development and Adaptation Project (P171611) ESS10 Stakeholder Engagement and Information Disclosure The Borrower will prepare a comprehensive SEP that will address the challenges related to information sharing, communication and participation in a very sparsely populated and widely geographically dispersed area. Creative use of existing platforms and forms of local governance will be incorporated as well as ICT if possible. In addition, the SEP will include a project specific GRM that will guide the management of any concerns or complaints that may arise during project implementation. As much as possible, the SEP and the GRM should be integrated to improve coherence and effectiveness. Resources for implementation of the SEP and social communication and capacity building activities are included under Component 1.1 and Component 1.2. B.2. Specific Risks and Impacts A brief description of the potential environmental and social risks and impacts relevant to the Project. ESS2 Labor and Working Conditions The project is likely to finance short term, unskilled workers from neighboring communities as well as some skilled engineers that will be brought in by the contractor(s). All workers involved in project implementation will be required to adhere to the terms and conditions of their employment contracts that will be governed by Chadian labor law but will also reflect the principles regarding conditions of employment described in ESS2. A Labor Management Procedure (LMP) that specifies the terms and conditions of employment, non-discrimination and equal opportunities, workers' organizations, measures against child and forced labor, grievance redress mechanism for labor disputes, occupational safety and health measures for the workers (direct and contract), and provisions to prevent and manage Public Disclosure GBV will be prepared prior to the start of works. To ensure health and safety of workers during the construction and operational phases of the project, the PIU will develop and implement a Health, Safety and Environmental (HSE) plan that is consistent with World Bank Group Environment, Health and Safety (EHS) Guidelines. The HSE plan will include procedures for incident investigation and reporting, recording and reporting of any non-compliances, emergency preparedness and response procedures and continuous training and awareness to workers as required. The client shall ensure that the ESS2 requirements are incorporated into: (a) the contracts between the Recipient and the Contractor and any entity (including the Owner’s Engineer) supervising the Project’s civil works; and (b) the contracts between the Contractor and any Contractors’ subcontractors. All workers will be required to sign a Code of Conduct that reflects these principles. ESS3 Resource Efficiency and Pollution Prevention and Management The contruction and rehabilitation of the basic infrastructure in the wildlife reserve(s) and the water access and sanitation infrastructures are likely to generate some air pollution and consume scarce water resources in the project areas. The construction works may also cause short-term nuisance to the local communities. The ESMP(s) will outline measures to promote the sustainable use of resources (energy, water and raw materials) and how to minimize pollution, noise and dust. In addition, the ESMP(s) will also include mitigation measures to minimize and manage the noise levels such as applying standard restrictions to hours of work at the project sites where and when appropriate. The waste generated by the construction/rehabilitation works will be disposed of at approved sites according with the national laws and regulations. The project is not anticipated to be a significant user of water or emit significant quantities of greenhouse gases. Oct 17, 2019 Page 5 of 9 The World Bank Chad Local Development and Adaptation Project (P171611) ESS4 Community Health and Safety The project will finance small civil works in protected areas and enforcement of the park management plans. These activities may result in social risks and negative effects on the health, safety and security of the neighboring communities. While most of the workers for the small civil works are likely to be from the local communities, experience has shown that any influx of workers into a project area can lead to adverse social impacts (GBV/SEA, sexually transmitted and communicable diseases). This is especially true in rural areas. To manage these impacts, the Environmental and Social Impact Assessments (ESIA) will include protections such as HIV mitigation measures and clear procedures regarding how to respond to accidents. The ESMP will make use of the general and sector-specific EHSGs for the identified subprojects in relation to community health and safety. The project will also implement measures to address GBV/SEA. Based on the results of the social impact and security assessment, the contractor ESMP will include a security plan for the project sites and a Code of Conduct for all workers (long and short term) during the entire construction period. The equipment and vehicles/engines will be brought together to the base building site when the work is stopped to ensure both community and workers' safety. The contractor will make use of the general and sector-specific EHSGs for the identified activities in relation to community health and safety. Training in how to engage with local communities will be provided to the park rangers and a social communication strategy will be included in the SEP to provide information to local communities regarding the project and to explain the use of resources in the protected areas. ESS5 Land Acquisition, Restrictions on Land Use and Involuntary Resettlement Public Disclosure The project will finance measures intended to improve the enforcement of regulations for conservation and natural resource management in protected areas. Some of these measures are likely to restrict local communities who have been accessing these resources. To mitigate the impact of this restriction, a Process Framework will be prepared by the Borrower during preparation. The Process Framework will provide guidance regarding how to mitigate negative impacts and elements such as community engagement and social communication will be cross-referenced in the SEP. In addition, a RPF will be prepared to guide mitigation of any potential economic and/or physical displacement associated with the implementation of the livelihood activities that will be financed under Component 2. The RPF will be informed by the results of the social impact and security assessment. ESS6 Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of Living Natural Resources The project is not anticipated to affect or involve activities with negative impacts on biodiversity or natural resources. Activities will be aimed to restore or conserve biodiversity. However, there is always a potential risk that civil works and some livelihood (agriculture) activities may lead to some encroachment on protected areas. Potential risks and impacts to habitats and protected areas will be captured in the ESMF to ensure that impacts are minimized during any emergency response and as a result of any rehabilitation or construction works. In addition, the specific baseline studies to feed project preparation will include ecological risk factors (wildlife corridor between countries, parks, reserves and classified forests). ESS7 Indigenous Peoples/Sub-Saharan African Historically Underserved Traditional Local Communities A social assessment will need to be completed in order to confirm the relevance of this standard. Oct 17, 2019 Page 6 of 9 The World Bank Chad Local Development and Adaptation Project (P171611) ESS8 Cultural Heritage Excavation is likely during construction of the small wildlife reserve infrastructure (housing, latrines, offices) and water access and sanitation infrastructure. During construction, it is possible that both known and unknown physical and cultural resources may be uncovered. Though the possibility is not considered significant in the project area, the ESMF will describe the probability of physical cultural resources in the project are and provide guidance om chance finds; the ESIA will include assessment of the cultural heritage sites in the project area. Any sites identified will be avoided as much as possible and if not possible, the ESMP will identify measures required to address these impacts in accordance with the mitigation hierarchy. The treatment of physical cultural resources (PCR) including archaeological relics, fossils, human graves, shrines, sacred trees or groves that may be encountered will follow a Chance Finds Procedure that will be elaborated in the ESMPs for the subprojects. ESS9 Financial Intermediaries This standard is not currently relevant as this is not an FI operation. B.3 Other Relevant Project Risks The project area covers a wide geographical expanse with high insecurity in many parts. Implementation support and compliance verification will be challenging. A strong social communication and GRM will help provide some engagement with local communities but partnerships with local NGOs and GPS monitoring will also be considered. Public Disclosure C. Legal Operational Policies that Apply OP 7.50 Projects on International Waterways No OP 7.60 Projects in Disputed Areas No III. WORLD BANK ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL DUE DILIGENCE A. Is a common approach being considered? No Financing Partners N/A B. Proposed Measures, Actions and Timing (Borrower’s commitments) Actions to be completed prior to Bank Board Approval: Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP); Process Framework (PF); Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF); Oct 17, 2019 Page 7 of 9 The World Bank Chad Local Development and Adaptation Project (P171611) Resettlement Planning Framework( (RPF); Possible issues to be addressed in the Borrower Environmental and Social Commitment Plan (ESCP): Capacity building plan; ESIA and ESMPs for specific sites; Preparation of a Social Assessment in areas of the project where IP/SSAHUTLCs may be present. C. Timing Tentative target date for preparing the Appraisal Stage ESRS 19-Mar-2020 IV. CONTACT POINTS World Bank Contact: Taibou Adamou Maiga Title: Senior Water Supply and Sanitation Specialist Telephone No: 5350+3214 / Email: tmaiga@worldbank.org Contact: Aurelie Marie Simone Monique Title: Environmental Specialist Rossignol Public Disclosure Telephone No: 5361+3043 Email: arossignol@worldbank.org Borrower/Client/Recipient Borrower: Republic of Chad Implementing Agency(ies) Implementing Agency: Ministry of Envrionment, Water and Fisheries V. FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20433 Telephone: (202) 473-1000 Web: http://www.worldbank.org/projects VI. APPROVAL Task Team Leader(s): Taibou Adamou Maiga, Aurelie Marie Simone Monique Rossignol Practice Manager (ENR/Social) Maria Sarraf Recommended on 23-Sep-2019 at 11:02:30 EDT Oct 17, 2019 Page 8 of 9 The World Bank Chad Local Development and Adaptation Project (P171611) Safeguards Advisor ESSA Hanneke Van Tilburg (SAESSA) Cleared on 17-Oct-2019 at 10:30:54 EDT Public Disclosure Oct 17, 2019 Page 9 of 9