E4643 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK for Telangana Rural Inclusive Growth Project (TRIGP) By Society for Elimination of Rural Poverty (SERP), Telangana State 0 Contents S. No Content Page no 1. Chapter – I 1. Telangana Rural Inclusive Growth Project (TRIGP) 10 1.1. Background of the project 10 1.2. Project Development Objective 10 1.3. Project Components 11 1.3.1. Component 1: Value Chain Enhancement through 11 Producer Organizations 1.3.2. Component 2 - Human Development 12 1.3.3. Component 3 - Access to entitlements 14 1.3.4. Component 4: TA, ICT & Partnerships 14 1.3.5. Component 5: Project Implementation 14 Support 1.4. Project Location 14 1.5. Environment Management Framework (EMF) 14 1.5.1. Applicability of EMF to TRIGP 15 1.5.2. Objective of EMF and Approach 15 1.5.3. Overview of the EMF Report 15 2 Chapter – II 2. Legal and Regulatory Framework for TRIG Project 16 3 Chapter – III 3. Applicability of EMF to TRIGP Components - Environment Impact 33 of Activities under TRIGP and Environment Friendly Alternatives 3.1. Component 1: Value Chain Enhancement through 33 Producer Organizations 3.1.1. Subcomponent 1 – Rural Value Chains 33 3.1.1.1. Environmental Guidelines for 34 Agriculture Commodity Value Chains (Rural Value Chains) 3.1.1.2. Environmental Guidelines for 41 Livestock Value Chains 3.1.2. Subcomponent 2 – Rural Retail Chains/Social 42 Enterprises 3.1.2.1. Environment Guidelines for Processing 44 and value addition of Farm products 3.1.2.2. Environment Guidelines for enterprises 46 3.1.2.3. Environment Guidelines for Rural 47 Retail Chains: KRuSHE Marts 3.2. Component 2- Human Development (HD) 48 1 3.2.1. Environment Guidelines for ensuring and 49 monitoring safe drinking water supply 3.2.2. Creation of Sanitation facilities 50 3.2.3. Environment Guidelines to be integrated into the 52 awareness programmes facilitating use and proper disposal of Sanitary napkins 3.2.4. Environment Guidelines for Nutrition Gardens 53 3.2.5. Environment Guidelines for Nutrition Cum Day 53 Care Centers (NDCCs), Community Kitchens, Nutri product preparation: 3.3. Component 4 – TA, ICT and Partnerships 56 3.3.1. Innovation forum or Solution market places on 56 Green Business opportunities 3.3.2. Green tools for rating and certification of green 57 products under value chains 3.3.3. Environment Guidelines for ICT interventions – 57 Use of tablets and e- Waste management 4 Chapter – IV 4. EMF Implementation Arrangements 58 4.1. Approach to Development of Environment Management 58 Framework 60 4.2. Greening the Business Plans, Business Proposals and HD Plans 4.3. Environment Appraisal and Environment Guidelines for greening value chains and HD interventions 60 4.3.1. Environment Appraisal of Value chains - Business Plans and Business Proposals 60 4.3.2. Environment Appraisal of HD Plans 61 4.3.3. Steps in Greening the Producer Group Business plans, KRuSHE proposals HD Plans and 61 Environment Appraisal 4.3.4. Innovation forum or solution market place on 64 Green Business Opportunities 4.3.5. Green Audits and Third party certification for 65 accessing premiums 4.4. Institutional Arrangements for Implementation of EMF 65 4.4.1. At State level 65 4.4.2. At District or supra district level 66 4.4.3. At Cluster Level or Mandal level 66 4.4.4. Technical support agencies 66 4.4.5. Village Producer Group (VPG) Level 66 4.5. Monitoring Strategy 68 4.5.1. Internal monitoring (green audits) 68 2 4.5.2. External monitoring 69 4.6. Capacity Building Plan 71 4.6.1. Identification of Resource Agency 71 71 4.6.2. The Capacity Building Curriculum 71 4.6.2. Capacity Building Plan 72 4.6. Time Line 73 4.7. Budget Estimate (tentative) 78 3 List of tables: Tables Page no Table 1. Legal and Regulatory Framework applicable for TRIGP 17 Table 2. Agriculture Commodity Value Chains: Environmental issues and 34 best practices in Interventions for Productivity enhancement, Storage, Processing etc. Table 3. Environmental Issues and Best practices in creation and 37 maintenance of common infrastructural facilities provided to support the value chains Table 4. Environmental Issues and Best practices in Livestock (dairy, small 41 ruminants and poultry) related value chains Table 5. Potential Environmental issues and Environment friendly 44 alternatives in farm based food product preparation Table 6. Potential Environmental issues and Environment friendly 46 alternatives in nonfarm based enterprises Table 7. Potential Environmental issues and Environment friendly 47 alternatives for KRuSHE marts 48 Table 8. Applicability of EMF to HD components 50 Table 9. Environment guidelines for Drinking water supply monitoring 51 Table10. Environment Guidelines for construction of IHHL 53 Table 11. Environment Guidelines for Nutrition Gardens Table 12. Environment guidelines for NDCCs, Community kitchens and 54 nutri products preparation 56 Table 13. Critical Environmental Issues indentified in value chains Table 14. Responsibilities at different levels in integrating environment 62 guidelines into business plans, proposals and HD plans and Environment Appraisal 66 Table 15. EMF responsibilities at various levels 4 Table 16. Monitoring sample and staff responsible 69 Table 17. Key aspects to be monitored and monitoring indicators 70 Table 18. RIGP EMF Implementation Time line 74 Table 19. Budget requirements for implementation of EMF 78 List of figures: Figure Page no Figure 1: Greening Rural Inclusive Growth - 59 flowchart Figure 2: Institutional arrangements for EMF 65 implementation 5 List of Annexures: Annexure 1: List of TRIGP mandals Annexure 2: Negative list of activities that cannot be carried as part of Activities under TRIGP Annexure 3: List of Prohibited Dyes Annexure 4: Classification of Industries for Consent Management Annexure 5: Pesticides mentioned in the WHO list that are commonly used in the agricultural subprojects along with their trade names Annexure 6: Rural chains - Commodity Wise Environment Guidelines  Annexe 1: Popular and high yielding varieties grown in Andhra Pradesh (erstwhile)  Annexe 2: Suitability of Livestock breeds to different geographic regions of Andhra Pradesh and location of main farms, and AI Stations  Annexe 3: Food colours that can be used in food preparation and processing units Annexure 7: Environment Guidelines for Rural Retail Chains – KRuSHE Enterprises and KRuSHE marts  Annexe 1: Food colours, preservatives, additives that can be used in food preparation and processing units Annexure 8: Guidelines for Drinking water supply, Toilets and Construction works Annexure 9: Report on Stakeholder Consultations Annexure 10: Format for Environmental Appraisal of Value Chains Annexure 11: Terms of references for Technical Agencies, Experts 1. Inputs for TOR for hiring Environment Expert at Project Management Unit (PMU) for Telangana Rural Inclusive Growth Project (TRIGP) 2. Inputs for TOR for ICT for Environment Management Framework (EMF) – to be included in ICT ToR by SERP 3. TOR for hiring Technical Agency for EMF implementation 6 Executive Summary Introduction: The Telangana Rural Inclusive Growth Project (TRIGP), supported by financial assistance from the World Bank, aims at supporting the Government of Telangana‟s goal of making the State poverty free by 2017 through a strategy of including the poor in the benefits of economic growth and human development outcomes. The project is also aligned with the Government of India‟s XII Five Year Plan for a „faster, sustainable and more inclusive growth‟ and growth target of 8.2 percent. The objective of the project is „to enable selected poor households to enhance incomes and secure increased access to human development services and social entitlements‟. This would be achieved by supporting GoT in scaling up the rural poverty reduction initiatives and the existing institutional platforms of the rural poor with an emphasis on inclusive economic growth and access to human development and social development services. The project will integrate the small and marginal producers to urban markets by making them competitive through value addition and creating jobs for the youth in semi-urban and urban locations. Improving access to services such as education, nutrition, etc. and increased coverage of social safety net and social risk management programs help poor to share benefits of economic growth. The programs will be implemented in selected geographies (about one third of the state) based on social stratification, value chain potential, and inclusion deficit in HD indicators and access to services and entitlements. Lessons from this project will be concurrently taken to other Mandals in the State which have better outcomes in terms of HD indicators and enhanced income for small producers. The project has the 5 following components and sub components: 1. Value chain enhancement through producer organizations. a. Rural value Chains b. Rural retails Chains 2. Human Development a. Strengthening the supply of key nutrition, health and pre-school education services b. Strengthening the demand for quality nutrition, health, sanitation and pre-school education services c. Establishing linkages with value chains 3. Access to entitlements a. Improved delivery of service and entitlements b. Improved access to productive safety nets c. Improved access to vulnerability services 4. TA, ICT & Partnerships a. Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) b. Partnerships c. Technical Assistance to line departments d. Centre of Excellence and Knowledge Management 5. Project Implementation Support 7 Environment Assessment Study: The Society for Elimination of Rural Poverty (SERP) has undertaken an Environmental Assessment (EA) of the project to ensure that the planned activities are environmentally sustainable. The study was conducted with an objective of understanding environmental implications of project activities, and to define remedial measures to mitigate any negative impacts, in line with the national and state legal and regulatory framework and the World Bank Operational Policies. The environment assessment study identified the following key potential environmental issues related to the project interventions  Possible over exploitation of resources such as ground water for irrigation  Introducing high yielding varieties which need intensive irrigation and which could result in loss of indigenous varieties  Increased fertilization that can have negative impact on soil and water  Setting up mills, processing units and storage structure which need high energy requirement and may release toxic wastes to the environment  Use of chemicals, waste disposal and energy use in micro enterprises and possibility of health hazards.  Possibility of contamination of the surrounding environment due to drinking water and sanitation interventions when environment guidelines are not followed Environment Management Framework: The objective of Environmental Management Framework EMF is to Ensure Environmental Sustainability of Value chain and Human Development interventions proposed under TRIGP and to contribute to economic enhancement by accessing premiums through Climate friendly practices in value chains and KRuSHE enterprises. The EMF provides a strategy to manage negative environmental impacts of the value chain and human development activities there by sustaining the benefits of these interventions. It also provides the institutional mechanism to operationalise the EMF which contains guidelines, systems and procedures for ensuring environmental sustainability during project implementation. The project triggers the following Operational Safeguard policies of the World Bank: Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01); Forests (OP 4.36); Natural habitats (OP 4.04) and Pest Management (OP4.09). The necessary measures to ensure compliance with these laws, regulations, and policies are included in the negative list and environmental guidelines are developed as part of the EMF. The EMF is applicable to the following components of TRIGP. The negative impacts need to be addressed or can be avoided by opting for an environment friendly alternative available: Components Applicability of EMF Component 1 – Value chain The value chain enhancement has several steps like enhancement through producer productivity enhancement, processing, manufacture, organizations. storage etc. EMF is applicable at every stage of value chain. Component 2- Human Environmental guidelines for interventions in water and sanitation, nutrition etc. Component 4 – ICT and Partnerships Guidelines for E waste management. „Innovation forum‟ under Partnership component for 8 „Green Business Opportunities‟ EMF identifies the possible environmental implications of each interventions proposed under each component and sub component and suggests environment friendly alternatives or mitigation measures for each. It includes „environment guidelines‟ or „environment friendly alternatives‟ for all the components. It also encourages Green Business Opportunities on the critical environmental issues indentified in the proposed activities through „innovation forums‟ „solution market places‟ and „knowledge events‟ under partnership component. The EMF implementation strategy is to integrate activity specific environment guidelines (greening of the plans) into the business plans and business proposals (rural chains and retail chains) and Human Development plans right at the inception stage. The system of Environment Appraisal will ensures compliance with applicable laws and regulations of the GoI and the triggered safeguard policies of the World Bank and integration of environment guidelines. The EMF also provides strategy for promoting Green Business Opportunities through innovation forum and strategy to enhance economic benefits by green audits and third party certification of value chain products. The EMF was prepared in close consultations with key stakeholders on relevant components and EMF implications through discussions at SERP and workshops in select locations – Karimnagar and Rangareddy. The key implementation arrangements include  Institutional arrangements: The institutional arrangements are the key for effective implementation of EMF at cluster, district and state levels. The roles and responsibilities of key staff at different levels are provided. However the staffing costs are not included in budget as it would be included as part of Project management costs.  Monitoring strategy: The focus of monitoring is to ensure the implementation of EMF and also to help in accessing the premiums by green ratings and certification. Internal and external audit mechanisms are planned for the same which are detailed in the EMF.  Capacity Building Plan: Capacity building plan for staff at various levels with the suggested curriculum and mode of delivery is designed in order to strengthen the capacities of the staff and community at different levels.  Implementation time line: The implementation timeline is provided with tasks spread across 5 years with 6 monthly intervals.  Budget: The estimated budget (tentative) for implementation is Rs. 3, 70, 60,000 (rupees three crore seventy lakh sixty thousand only). 9 Chapter I 1. Telangana Rural Inclusive Growth Project (TRIGP) 1.1. Background of the project: Government of Telangana, Proposes Telangana Rural Inclusive Growth Project (TRIGP) which aims at supporting the GoT‟s goal of making the State poverty free by 2017 through a strategy of including the poor in the benefits of economic growth and human development outcomes. The project is also aligned with approach for XII Five Year Plan for a „faster, sustainable and more inclusive growth‟ and growth target of 8.2 percent. The overall strategy is to look beyond growth and focus on generation of employment to the millions of the youth in the State. This would eventually result in a faster reduction in unemployment and poverty through skill development and also help bridging multiple divides. The project is consistent with proposed CPS (FY 2013-2017) contributing to two main engagement areas viz. spatial transformation, and social inclusion. The project will integrate the small and marginal producers to urban markets by making them competitive through value addition and creating jobs for the youth in semi-urban and urban locations. Improving access to services such as education, nutrition, etc. and increased coverage of social safety net and social risk management programs help poor to share benefits of economic growth. Finally, the project also supports the Government of India‟s "Finance Plus" approach by investing in building community institutions that can foster higher order impacts. Firstly, it will aim to bring various schemes together on to one synergistic platform (gender, nutrition health and livelihoods leveraging major govt. scheme such as ICDS and NRHM). Secondly, it will invest in ICT and social accountability mechanisms for improving service delivery in a sustainable manner. Finally, innovations such as, alternate service delivery models, Public-Private-Community-Partnerships (PPCP) will be the key drivers of this project. 1.2. Project Development Objective: The objective of Telangana Rural Inclusive Growth Project (TRIGP) is „to enable selected poor households to enhance incomes and secure increased access to human development services and social entitlements‟. This would be achieved by supporting Government of Telangana in scaling up the rural poverty reduction initiatives and the existing institutional platforms of the rural poor under previous IDA supported APDPIP and APRPRP with an emphasis on inclusive economic growth and access to human development and social development services. These programs will be implemented in selected geographies (about one third of the state) based on social stratification, value chain potential, and inclusion deficit in HD indicators and access to services and entitlements. Lessons from this project will be concurrently taken to other Mandals in the State which have better outcomes in terms of HD indicators and enhanced income for small producers. 10 1.3. Project Components: The project has the 5 following components. 1.3.1. Component 1: Value Chain Enhancement through Producer Organizations (US $ 30 million): The objective of this component is to increase income of 2,50,000 small and marginal farmers by at least 50% through livelihood diversification, productivity enhancement and improved market access. This component will work with those small and marginal producers who have built up productive assets and have previously participated in productivity improvement, cropping technology and market access programs in select livelihoods/sectors. The project now proposes to work with these producers and help them move up the value chain and appropriate the growth opportunities. This will be achieved by organizing them into economic organizations (producer groups/organizations/companies); ensuring high service quality of support services like technology, credit, extension, marketing, etc.; and sustainable access to markets. Strengthening the market links, the project will facilitate value chain partnerships with leading market players and also support in creating local markets by connecting rural producers with shandis, rural haats, kirana shops, etc. In other words, the project will create ecosystem for inclusive growth of small and marginal producers. The above approach will be adopted in key pro-poor sub-sectors/ commodities viz. Paddy, Red Gram, Milk, Poultry and small ruminants which have high potential to scale up and impact large number of poor households. The value chain development strategies center around the following two approaches (i) resource based approach or producer driven value chains based on pre- dominant activity in the area and building upon comparative advantage of poor producers around production systems, organic value chains, agri-nutrition linkages, etc.), and (ii) market induced approach or buyer driven value chains (for e.g. paddy, red gram, milk, etc.) for taking advantage of the emerging market opportunities in local and urban markets. Here the project will provide end-to-end solutions for helping poor access commodity and product markets. The project will systematically develop retail chains for connecting producers with consumers and trapping and appropriating value creation in local area. The component will have two sub-components viz. Rural Value Chains and Rural Retails Chains/Social Enterprises. Rural Value Chains: As part of this sub component, the key activities to be undertaken would include; production planning along the production cycle; cost reduction through inputs aggregation; productivity enhancement through seed replacement and dissemination of improved package of practices through community managed extension; quality improvement of the produce through grading, sorting and packaging; creating local value addition infrastructure; higher unit value realization through aggregation and collective marketing to extract full value of the value chain intervention. The key investments to be supported under the sub-component include (i) Building and strengthening economic organizations of the small and marginal producers (ii) Establishing Community based Productivity Enhancement Systems (ii) Supply of planting material, seed and breed development services (iv) Creation of small scale productive infrastructure for improving labor productivity local value addition (v) Building financial sector linkages for producer organizations: and (vi) Technical assistance for organizing producer organizations, value chain relationships and building viable business model. Rural Retail Chains: The objective of this sub-component is twofold. Firstly, it will systematically develop localized value chains that connect rural producers/producer groups and 11 home-based enterprises with the rural poor consumers. This will include transforming the product mix and business models of nearly 7500 traditional rural retail (kirana) stores (existing traders belonging to SCs and STs and new small entrepreneurs) into social enterprises providing a range of products related to nutrition, hygiene and alternate energy and linking them with large social enterprises. These traditional stores and enterprises will be organized into a network of rural retail marts (Knitting Rural Self Help Enterprises (KRuSHE) Marts) and home-based enterprises (KRuSHE Enterprises). Secondly by transforming the kirana stores to provide counseling services and offer good quality, affordable, safe and socially relevant goods (with emphasis on nutritionally significant items, marketing affordable quality sanitary products, personal hygiene products, etc.) and other essential goods to the poorest households, the project will enhance and improve the quality of consumption of the poor households. Therefore, the success of this sub-component is intricately linked to the human development impacts that the livelihoods investments will generate. The key investments to be supported under the rural retail chain sub component include (i) Establishing a rural retail chain by transforming traditional kirana stores and building brand KRuSHE that will be positioned as convenient and affordable access points for good quality, safe and standard products; (ii) Promoting clusters of home based KRuSHE Enterprises with particular emphasis on processing and value addition of agriculture produce and manufacturing of nutrition products; (iii) Capacitation (entrepreneurship and retail management training) and business development services to KRuSHE Marts and KRuSHE Enterprises; (iv) Building association of KRuSHE Marts that are homogeneous in size and financial stature; (v) Investments in technology platforms like an e-commerce portal for KRuSHE products and IVRS and SMS based technologies to source, aggregate and execute orders. 1.3.2. Component 2 - Human Development (US $ 15 million): Child development is influenced by both nutrition-specific interventions, such as maternal and child dietary supplementation and infant and young child feeding practices, that address the immediate causes of suboptimum growth and development, and by nutrition-sensitive interventions, such as livelihoods and social safety nets that address the underlying determinants of malnutrition. SERP, with its vast network of women‟s groups, has the potential to converge both nutrition sensitive and specific interventions at the village level, thus creating an enabling environment for optimum child development at scale and in a sustainable manner, where each household has access to both nutrition specific and nutrition sensitive interventions and programs. The project aims to bring about this convergence by building capacities and empowering village organizations (VOs) to demand and access services, while also investing in strengthening the capacity of systems to deliver. Therefore, the focus of project interventions is to enable the demand side to hold the supply side accountable for service delivery in the Human Development (HD) sector, as well as to improve HD service delivery by strengthening the existing public systems to deliver quality services. Clear linkages with the value chain component under the project, will further ensure social safety and livelihoods interventions are also appropriately tapped, contributing to optimum child development outcomes. The specific interventions to operationalize this approach include: Sub-component 1: Strengthening the demand for quality nutrition, health, sanitation and pre- school education services by undertaking specific mobilization at the village level centred on HD outcomes including nutrition, sanitation, health and pre-school education. This component will 12 build on the existing government human development convergence effort “Maarpu” (change) which is a convergence effort by the Health, Women's Development and Child Welfare, Panchayati Raj and Rural Development Departments, working along with the Self Help Groups (SHGs) and their federations, to bring about a quick decline in the Infant Mortality Rate (IMR), Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) and Malnutrition in the State. It focuses on implementation and monitoring of 20 key interventions to reduce MMR, IMR and malnutrition through convergent service delivery and behavior change communication at the habitation level and envisages active participation of Village Organisations (VOs) in this process, both as a means of awareness generation and creating demand side pressures for quality service delivery. Specific activities under this component will include (a) Development and financing of village HD plans, where Village Level Coordination Committees (VLCCs) constituted under Maarpu will be capacitated develop HD action plans outlining the HD gaps and priorities of the village, provided an indicative menu of activities or actions that they can undertake to improve the HD status of their village, and guided on the implementation of these activities by CRPs. The focus of these activities will be on health, nutrition, water, sanitation, hygiene, and preschool education outcomes (b) communication for behavior and social change to support the above and (c) community monitoring for demand generation using tools such as community score cards. In 50 pilot mandals, the development of village HD plans will be facilitated by a team of specially trained Community Resource Persons (CRPs) and the VLCCs in these mandals will be provided funds of up to Rs.1.5 Lakhs (TBD) to take up priority activities and gaps identified in the plan. In 50 additional mandals the same capacity building and orientation process for development of village HD plans will be followed, except no additional funds will be provided. Instead, VLCCs will be encouraged to access available government funds and solicit financial support, if required, from the Panchayats. A robust evaluation will be designed to assess the impact and effectiveness of this approach and lessons from the first few years will be systematically documented. A mid-term evaluation will be carried out to assess the effectiveness of the two models (additional financing vs. no additional financing), to enable mid-course correction and provide concrete results for advocating further scale up by the government in the remaining mandals with its own resources. Sub-component 2: Strengthening the supply of key nutrition, health and pre-school education services by introducing and improving mechanisms for community engagement, community monitoring and ICT based monitoring systems. This will entail (a) strengthening the training architecture under the departments of women and child development and health and family welfare, specifically on the issue of community mobilization, early childhood education and growth monitoring and promotion; and (b) supporting the establishment of community monitoring systems using an IT enabled system (tablet) as well as pictorial community monitoring tools under the existing convergence framework of Maarpu introduced by the government. The focus of these monitoring systems will be on developing an integrated/convergent management information system that incorporates key indicators associated with mother and child (including indicators of health, nutrition, sanitation and education) to enable better tracking of these vulnerable groups jointly by the departments of health, women and child development and rural development Linkages with value chains: The project will also capitalize on the strengths of the livelihoods/agricultural projects that SERP has been implementing for a long period to change the household level food consumption patterns. These additional efforts with the agro-based projects will also contribute to enhancing the nutritional status of the community. 13 1.3.3. Component 3 - Access to entitlements (US $ 7.5 million): This component aims to improve the coverage and service delivery of social protection entitlements to 5,00,000 of poorest households mainly belonging to the SC/STs and particularly those with PWDs, and ensures that they are protected from risks and vulnerabilities through an integrated mission mode approach, while addressing the last mile issues. 1.3.4. Component 4: TA, ICT & Partnerships (US $ 15 million): The objective of this component is to build an enabling ecosystem for innovation and transformation in delivering good quality services in the last mile. Recognizing that technology, innovation and entrepreneurship play critical role in addressing major development challenges the project seeks to bring together different stakeholders from the public private and civil society sectors and form partnerships with for customizing inclusive innovations in the project context. This engenders intensive use of ICT at levels of project governance and delivery, high performance project implementation and effective coordination mechanisms with supply/demand side partner institutions and social entrepreneurs and innovators by providing them technical assistance, strategic advisory and knowledge management services with national and international expertise. The subcomponent partnerships include (i) Solutions Marketplaces, Knowledge Events: The project will organize solutions and innovations marketplaces for identifying high impact innovations and developing productive alliances between small and marginal producers and the public, private and social enterprise sector aimed at improving technical service provision and market linkages in the project areas (ii) Financing Public-Private-Community Partnerships: The project will encourage productive partnerships with public, private and social enterprise sectors to increase the integration of poor in performing and remunerative value chains. 1.3.5. Component 5: Project Implementation Support (US $ 7.5 million): The objective of this component is to strengthen the project implementation and will finance dedicated staffing for the project activities that are attributable to outcomes of the project, consultancies, training and related material, office equipment, and operational costs. It will also support establishing Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning (MEL) systems, Financial Management systems, Procurement Management, Governance and Accountability Systems, Knowledge Management and Communication, etc. 1.4. Project Location: The TRIGP will be implemented intensively in the villages of 150 selected Mandals of 9 districts to demonstrate the effectiveness of the comprehensive livelihood approach. The Mandals have been identified on the basis of high incidence of poverty and large number of rural poor, tribal population and pockets of acute poverty. The list of mandals is attached as annexure 1. 1.5. Environment Management Framework (EMF): The EMF for the TRIGP is an integral part of the implementation arrangements related to activities concerned with environmental implication. An Environment study was undertaken and an Environment Management Framework has been developed for the TRIGP to ensure that the project interventions are environmentally sustainable and are in compliance with applicable laws 14 and regulations and policies of the Government of India, the Government of Telangana and triggered safeguard policies of the World Bank. 1.5.1. Applicability of EMF to TRIGP: The EMF is applicable to 3 components of the project, component 1 – Livelihood Promotion and Component 2 - Human Development as the activities proposed under these 2 components are likely to have a bearing on the surrounding environment. EMF is also applicable to the component - 4 ICT and partnerships as an innovation forum is proposed on „Green Business Opportunities‟. 1.5.2. Objective of EMF and Approach: The objective of EMF for TRIGP is: To Ensure Environmental Sustainability of Value chain and Human Development interventions proposed under TRIGP and to contribute to economic enhancement by accessing premiums through Climate friendly practices in value chains and KRuSHE enterprises. The approach is:  Greening of the value chains and promotion of Green Business Opportunities  Integrating environmental management into relevant activities under the Human Development and ICT & partnerships components 1.6. Overview of the EMF Report: The structure of the report is as follows. Chapter 1 provides an overview of the Objectives and components of TRIGP. Chapter 2 provides legal and regulatory framework that is applicable to the project activities and Chapter 3 discusses applicability of EMF to project components and provides the Environment Guidelines for the Value chains, Human Development interventions. Chapter 4 provides Environnent Management Framework. It provides technical and institutional strategy and procedures for environment planning. 15 Chapter – II 2. Legal and Regulatory Framework for TRIG Project The objective of the project is to bring in value addition interventions into different Value chain and Human Development activities that would help the producer groups and federations to increase their household incomes and attain quality life. Meanwhile it is very important to keep in mind that all the interventions by the producer groups and federations should be compliant with the laws and regulations of the country and the state i.e. the legal and regulatory frameworks based on Government of India and Government of Telangana (erstwhile Andhra Pradesh) and Safeguard policies of World Bank. Compliance with these rules and regulations ensure alignment of these investments with sustainable management of concerned natural resources. This chapter lists out the applicable Acts, Rules and Regulations of Government of India and Government of Telangana. A negative list of activities is developed based on the Legal and Regulatory framework applicable to TRIGP which is provided as Annexure 2. 16 Table: 1 – Legal and Regulatory Framework applicable for TRIGP. S. No Act, Policy or Relevance to TRIGP Status Government Order 1 Environment Emission or discharge of pollutants beyond the specified Applicable. (Protection) Act, standards is not permissible. (Environmental Impact Assessment TRIGP will promote setting up of 1986 and EIA (EIA) is required for specified categories of food processing food processing units where Notification, 2006 industries. necessary permissions are to be taken as applicable. Amended: 1991 To provide for the protection and improvement of the environment. It empowers the Central Government to establish authorities {under section 3(3)} charged with the mandate of preventing environmental pollution in all its forms and to tackle specific environmental problems that are peculiar to different parts of the country. 2 Wildlife Destruction, exploitation or removal of any wild life including (Protection) Act, forest produce from a sanctuary of the destruction or Applicable. 1972 diversification of habitat of any wild animal, or the diversion, Amended: 1993 stoppage or enhancement of the flow of water into or outside the and No.16 of sanctuary is prohibited without a permit granted by the Chief 2003, (17/1/2003) Wildlife Warden. – The Wild Life (Protection) The Act provides for protection to listed species of flora and Amendment Act, fauna and establishes a network of ecologically-important 2002 Protected Areas (PAs) 3 Forest The TRIGP is unlikely to involve diversion of forest land for non- Applicable. (Conservation) forest purposes. However, while supporting activities related to The TRIGP is unlikely to involve Act, 1980 establishment of storage structures, processing centres or diversion of forest land for non- The Act is an procurement centres, it is necessary to ensure that that land is not forest purposes. However, while interface between forest land. supporting activities related to conservation and establishment of storage structures, development. processing centres or procurement Permits judicious centers, it will be done in 17 and regulated use accordance with Forest Rights Act of forest land for given below. non-forestry purposes. 4 Forest Rights Act The Act seeks to recognize and vest certain forest rights in the Applicable. 2006. forest dwelling Scheduled Tribes and other traditional forest Activities like infrastructure Scheduled Tribes dwellers such as collection of Minor forest produce, access to facilities, irrigation and water and other grazing grounds and water bodies, traditional areas of use by conservation structures are likely to Traditional Forest nomadic or pastoral communities. happen under TRIGP as part of Dwellers Value chain enhancement through (Recognition of The Central Government can provide for diversion of the forest Producer Organisations and Human Forest Rights) Act, for infrastructural facilities managed by Government which Development components. 2006. involve felling of trees not more than 75 per ha such as schools, hospitals, fair price shops, drinking water, irrigation, water harvesting structures, non conventional sources of energy, roads, vocational and skill training centres, community centres etc. 5 Insecticides Act, A license is required for the sale, stock or exhibition of sale or Not Applicable. 1968 distribution of any insecticide. The use of certain insecticides are TRIGP will not involve in activities prohibited or restricted under this Act. like procurement, stocking and sale To regulate the import, manufacture, sale, transport, distribution of insecticides as all the crop Amendment: and use of insecticides with a view to prevent risk to human productivity enhancement is planned Insecticides beings or animals, and for matters connected therewith. through non chemical methods. (Amendment) Act, 1977 (24 of 1977) 6 The Fertilizer Registration is required for selling fertilizer at any place as Applicable. (Control) Order, wholesale dealer or retail dealer. The Non Chemical Pest 1985 Management Shops may involve in selling of fertilisers at a very small scale. Also applicable where collective procurement and distribution happens through Producer Groups. 7 The Seed Act, Selling, bartering or otherwise supplying any seed of any notified Applicable. 1966 kind or variety, requires that – TRIGP will promote seed 18 a) Such seed is identifiable as to its kind or variety production farms at village or b) Such seed conforms to the minimum limits of germination and mandal level that supply seeds to all purity specified member farmers of Producer c) The container of such seed bears in the prescribed manner, the Groups. Also applicable in cases mark or Label containing the correct particulars. where mass procurement and To provide for regulating the quality of certain seeds for sale, and distribution of seed is done through for related matter Producer Groups. 8 The Air To provide for the prevention, control and abatement of air Applicable. (Prevention and pollution in India. TRIGP will involve in setting up of Control of processing mills and food processing Pollution) Act, units which may require following 1981 prescribed standards as per the Act. Amended: 1987, 1992 and 2003 9 Public Liability To provide for public liability- insurance for the purpose of Not Applicable. Insurance Act, providing immediate relief to the person affected by accident Activities under TRIGP are not 1991 occurring while handling any hazardous substance and for likely to involve in handling of any Amended: 1992 matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. hazardous substances. 10 Noise Pollution To regulate and control noise producing and generating sources Applicable. (Regulation & with the objective of maintaining the ambient air quality Activities under TRIGP such as Control) Rules, standards in respect of noise. mills and processing units and 2000 construction activities shall take into consideration all aspects of noise pollution to avoid noise menace. 11 Indian Forest Act, To consolidate the law relating to forests, the transit of forest- Applicable. 1927 produce and the duty leviable on timber and other forest-produce. Applicable to TRIGP where shifting No fresh clearings for cultivation or for any other purpose shall cultivation is in practice by be made in such land except in accordance with such rules as may beneficiary members. be made by the State Government in this behalf. In the case of a claim relating to the practice of shifting cultivation, the Forest Settlement-officer shall record a statement setting forth the particulars of the claim and of any local rule or order under which the practice is allowed or regulated, and submit the statement to the State Government, together with his 19 opinion as to whether the practice should be permitted or prohibited wholly or in part. In the case of a claim to rights of pasture or to forest-produce, the Forest Settlement-officer shall pass an order admitting or rejecting the same in whole or in part. 12 The Water To provide for the prevention and control of water pollution, and Applicable. (Prevention and for the maintaining or restoring of wholesomeness of water in the Applicable to activities under Control of country. TRIGP where water from small Pollution) Act No person shall knowingly cause or permit any poisonous, scale industries and food processing 1974 noxious or polluting matter determined in accordance with such units release wastes that have Amended: 1988. standards in to stream or well or sewer or on land. pollutants that are likely to enter into No person shall cause or permit to enter into any stream any other water bodies. matter which may tend, either directly or in combination with similar matters, to impede the proper flow of the water of the stream in a manner leading or likely to lead to a substantial aggravation of pollution. 13 The Biological To provide for conservation of biological diversity, sustainable Applicable. Diversity Act, use of its components and fair and equitable sharing of the Applicable to TRIGP where 2002 benefits arising out of the use of biological resources, knowledge collection of minor forest produce and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. and processing is involved. 14 The National The National Green Tribunal Act 2010 is approved by the Applicable. Green Tribunal President of India on June 2, 2010. It provides for establishment Applicable in areas where damage to Act, 2010 of National Green Tribunal- a special fast-track court for speedy property, environment happens due disposal of environment-related civil cases. any to development activities. Industrial operations and processes shall be carried out as per the safeguards under Environment Protection Act 1986. Compensation and relief for any damage to people (death or injury), property and environment. 15 Fruit Product Fruit Products Order -1955, is promulgated under Section 3 of the Applicable. Order (FPO) 1955. Essential Commodities Act - 1955, with an objective to Applicable to any fruit based manufacture fruit & vegetable products maintaining sanitary and processing units will be planned hygienic conditions in the premises and quality standards laid under TRIGP. down in the Order. It is mandatory for all manufacturers of fruit and vegetable products including some non fruit products like 20 non fruit vinegar, syrup and sweetened aerated water to obtain a license under this Order. Following minimum requirements are laid down in the Fruit Product Order for hygienic production and quality standards: (i) Location and surroundings of the factory (ii) Sanitary and hygienic conditions of premises (iii) Personnel hygiene (iv) Portability of water (v) Machinery and Equipment with installed capacity (vi) Quality control facility and Technical staff (viii) Product Standards (viii) Limits for preservatives and other additives 16 Fruit Product Fruit Products Order -1955, is promulgated under Section 3 of the Applicable. Order (FPO) 1955. Essential Commodities Act - 1955, with an objective to Applicable to any fruit based manufacture fruit & vegetable products maintaining sanitary and processing units will be planned hygienic conditions in the premises and quality standards laid under TRIGP. down in the Order. It is mandatory for all manufacturers of fruit and vegetable products including some non fruit products like non fruit vinegar, syrup and sweetened aerated water to obtain a license under this Order. Following minimum requirements are laid down in the Fruit Product Order for hygienic production and quality standards: (i) Location and surroundings of the factory (ii) Sanitary and hygienic conditions of premises (iii) Personnel hygiene (iv) Portability of water (v) Machinery and Equipment with installed capacity (vi) Quality control facility and Technical staff (viii) Product Standards (viii) Limits for preservatives and other additives 21 17 The Food Safety The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) has Applicable. and Standards been established under the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006 Applicable to food manufacture and (Food Products as a statutory body for laying down science based standards for processing units under TRIGP. Standard and Food articles of food and regulating manufacturing, processing, Additives) distribution, sale and import of food so as to ensure safe and Regulations 2011 wholesome food for human consumption. 18 Prevention of Broadly, the PFA Act covers food standards, general procedures Applicable. Food Adulteration for sampling, analysis of food, powers of authorized officers, Applicable to food manufacture and Act, (PFA) 1954 nature of penalties and other parameters related to food. It deals processing units and KRuSHE marts with parameters relating to food additives, preservative, colouring selling food products under TRIGP. matters, packing and labelling of foods, prohibition and regulations of sales etc. 19 Agricultural To Provide for the grading and marketing of Applicable. Produce (Grading agricultural and other produce. Applicable to agricultural produce and Marking) Act, marketing under TRIGP. 1937 (Act No. 1 of 1937) (as amended up to 1986) 20 The Bureau of An Act to provide for the establishment of a Bureau for the Applicable Indian Standards harmonious development of the activities of the standardisation, Applicable to agricultural produce Act 1986. marking and quality certification of goods and for matters marketing under TRIGP. connected thereto. 21 The Export The Export Inspection Council (EIC) was set up by the Applicable. Inspection Council Government of India under Section 3 of Export (Quality Control Applicable to value chains where of India and the and Inspection) Act, 1963 (22 of 1963), in order to ensure sound export of commodities or processed Export (Quality development of export trade of India through Quality Control and products is planned under TRIGP. Control and Inspection and for matters connected thereof. Inspection) Act 1963 22 Hazardous Waste It is mandatory under the provisions of the Hazardous Waste Applicable. (Management & (Management & Handling) Rules, 1989 framed under section 6, 8 Applicable to small scale enterprises Handling) and 25 of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 for any person under TRIGP which may involve 22 Rules1989. handling hazardous wastes, as categorized in the Schedule-I & II handling of Wastes from Dyes and to obtain authorization of the State Pollution Control Board for Dye intermediate containing organic collection, reception, storage, transportation, treatment and chemical compounds (50 kgs per disposal of such wastes. year), waste oils and oil emulsions (100 kgs per year) phenols (5 kgs per year), acid alkaline slurry (200 kgs per year). The list of banned dyes is attached as Annexure 3. 23 Plastics Wastes Manufacture, sale and use of recycled and coloured plastic carry Applicable. Rules, 1999 bags less than 20 microns in thickness in the state is banned and Applicable to Rural marts where use levying penalties for violation under Environment Protection Act, of plastic bags is possible during 1986. sale of provisions etc. 24 e-waste Consumers or Bulk consumers of electrical and electronic Applicable to TRIGP as tablets will (management and Schedule I shall ensure that e-waste generated by them is be purchased under ICT component. Handling) Rules, channelized to the authorised collection centre(s), or registered 2011 dismantler(s) or recycler(s) or is returned to the pick up or take back service provided by the producers; and bulk consumers shall maintain record of e-waste generated by them in the Form 2 and make such record available for scrutiny by the State Pollution Control Board or the Pollution Control Committee concerned. 25 Classification of Consent is required for setting up and operation of different Applicable. industries for categories of industries from State Pollution Control Board. Applicable to TRIGP where mills, consent Category wise list placed in Annexure 4. processing units and small scale management [Red, enterprises will be set up. Orange & Green Categories] 26 The Disaster An Act to provide for the effective management of disasters. Applicable. Management Act, Applicable to small scale enterprises 2005 and construction projects that need prescribed standards. National Policies 27 National Forest To ensure environmental stability and maintenance of ecological Applicable. Policy 1988 balance (direct economic benefits being considered)  Area under forests 23  Afforestation, social forestry, and farm forestry  Management of state forests  Rights and concessions  Diversion of forest lands for non-forest purposes  Wildlife conservation  Tribal people and forests  Shifting cultivation  Damage to forests from encroachments, fires and grazing  Forest-based industries  Forest extension  Forestry education  Forest survey and database  Legal support and infrastructure development  Financial support for forestry 28 National Water To ensure that planning, development and management of water Applicable. Policy, 1987 and resources are governed by national perspectives. 2002 Environmental safeguard policies of the World Bank 29 Environmental The Bank requires environmental assessment (EA) of projects Applicable. Assessment (OP proposed for Bank financing to ensure that they are 4.01) environmentally sound and sustainable, and thus to improve decision making. 30 Natural Habitats The Bank does not support projects that, in the Bank„s opinion, Applicable. (OP 4.04) involve the significant conversion or degradation of critical Applicable TRIGP where value natural habitats. chain and Human Development activities happen in tribal areas. 31 Pest Management In Bank-financed agriculture operations, pest populations are Applicable. (OP 4.09) normally controlled through integrated pest management TRIGP will not finance pesticide approaches, such as biological control, cultural practices, and the procurement, but there is possibility development and use of crop varieties that are resistant or tolerant of pesticide use by farmers as part of to the pest. productivity enhancement efforts. The Bank does not finance formulated products that fall in WHO The commonly used pesticides in classes IA and IB, or formulations of products in Class II, if (a) India and their status as per WHO 24 the country lacks restrictions on their distribution and use; or (b) classification list is attached as they are likely to be used by, or be accessible to, lay personnel, Annexure 5. farmers, or others without training, equipment, and facilities to handle, store, and apply these products properly. 32 Forests (OP 4.36) The Bank distinguishes investment projects that are exclusively Applicable. environmentally protective (e.g., management of protected areas Applicable TRIGP where value or reforestation of degraded watersheds) or supportive of small chain and Human development farmers (e.g., farm and community forestry) from all other related interventions happen in tribal forestry operations. Projects in this limited group may be areas located near forests. appraised on the basis of their own social, economic, and environmental merits. The Bank finances plantations only on non-forested areas (including previously planted areas) or on heavily degraded forestland. State Regulations 33 The Andhra The Government may constitute any land as reserved forest by Applicable. Pradesh Forest Act publishing a notification in the Andhra Pradesh Gazette and in the Applicable to TRIGP in tribal areas 1967. District Gazette concerned specifying the details of the land, where the activities involve declaring the proposal to make it reserved forest, and appointing a interaction with reserve forest areas Forest Settlement Officer to consider the objections against the for any of the activities under value declaration and to determine and settle the rights claimed to the chains. land or to any forest produce of that land. During the interval between the publication of a notification in the Andhra Pradesh Gazette and the date fixed in the notification, without the written permission from the Forest Settlement Officer, in the land specified:  No right shall be acquired by any person in or over the land except by succession or under a grant or contract by the Government or any person who had such a right before the publication of the notification of the land to be reserved.  No new house shall be built or plantation formed, no fresh clearing for cultivation or for any other purpose shall be made, and no trees shall be cut for the purpose of trade or manufacture. Also, no person shall set fire or kindle or 25 leave burning any fire in such manner as to endanger or damage such land or forest produce.  No patta in such land shall be granted by the Government.  If the claim relates to a right of way, right to watercourse or to use of water, right of pasture, or a right to forest produce, the Forest Settlement Officer may admit or reject the claim. If the claim is admitted, the Forest Settlement Officer may ensure the continued exercise of the rights subject to certain conditions agreed upon with due regard to the maintenance of the reserved forest. The following are prohibited in reserved forest (except if the act is done with the written permission of the Divisional Forest Officer or if it is done as part of the exercise of rights ensured by the Forest Settlement Officer):  Set fire, kindle fire or leave any fire burning in such manner as to endanger such forest  Kindle, keep or carry any fire except at seasons and conditions specified by the Divisional Forest Officer  Trespass, pasture cattle or allow cattle to trespass  Cause any damage, either wilfully or negligently in felling or cutting any trees or dragging any timber  Fell, girdle, lop, tap or burn any tree or strip off the bark or leaves from or otherwise damage the same  Quarry stone, burn lime or charcoal  Collect or subject to any manufacturing process, any forest produce  Clear or break up or plough any land for cultivation or for any other purpose  Hunt, shoot, fish, poison water or set traps or snares  Damage, alter or remove any wall, ditch embankment, fence, hedge, or railing, or  Remove any forest produce It prohibits absolutely or regulates, subject to such conditions in 26 the entire state of Andhra Pradesh or within such local limits as may be specified, the establishment of pits or machinery for sawing, converting, cutting, burning, concealing or making of The Andhra timber, the altering or effacing of any marks on the same, of the Pradesh Forest possession or carrying of hammers or other implements used for (Amendment) Act, marking timber. 1997 34 Andhra Pradesh The following are prohibited in a protected forest (except when Applicable. Protected Forest the act is done in accordance with any Government order or with Applicable to TRIGP in tribal areas Rules, 1970 permission of the Chief Conservator of Forests, Conservator or where the activities involve Forests or Divisional Forest Officer): interaction with protected forest  Clearing, ploughing or breaking up of land for cultivation areas for any of the activities under or any other purpose value chains.  Kindling of fire  Cutting, sawing, conversion and removal of trees and timber and collection and removal of natural produce  Quarrying of stone, the boiling of catechu or the burning of lime or charcoal  Cutting of grass, or the pasturing of cattle, and  Hunting, shooting, fishing, poisoning of water and setting of traps or snares Persons belonging to scheduled tribes are eligible for the following concessions: The removal of timber, bamboos, and forest produce from the protected forests for domestic and agricultural purposes on payment of the fee fixed for the purpose. Agricultural purposes includes the use of:  Timber for agricultural implements  Poles and thorns for hedges  Bamboo for fencing and roofing of huts and sheds in fields, and  Leaves for green manure 27 Domestic purposes includes the use of:  Fuel for heating and cooking  Timber and other forest produce for the erection and repair of permanent and temporary dwellings, cattle sheds, pandals and fencing of compounds and fields 35 The Andhra The Andhra Pradesh Land, Water and Trees Act and Rules, 2002 Applicable. Pradesh Water, are to promote water conservation and tree cover and to regulate Land and Trees the exploitation and use of ground and surface water for Act, 2002 and the protection and conservation of water sources and land. Andhra Pradesh State, District and Mandal authorities are constituted under these Water, Land and rules. The Ex-Officio Chairman of the District Authority is the Trees Rules, 2002. District Collector and the Ex-Officio Member Secretary is the Project Director, Drought Prone Area Programme / District Water Management Agency. The Ex-Officio Chairman of the Mandal Authority is the Mandal Revenue Officer and the Ex-Officio Member Secretary is the Assistant Executive Engineer, Rural Water Supply. Ground Water Owners of all wells (including those which are not fitted with Applicable. Protection power driven pumps) and water bodies in the State shall register Applicable to productivity Measures. their wells/water bodies with the Village Secretaries of the Gram enhancement activities under Panchayats. agriculture commodity value chains No person shall sink any well in the vicinity of a public drinking where interventions may involve water source within a distance of 250 metres, without permission sinking of bore wells, and Human from the Authority, and if the well is to be used with a power Development interventions driven pump, without permission from TSTRANSCO. Sinking of involving drinking water supply. any well for public drinking purpose and hand pump for public or private drinking water purpose is exempted from this. In areas declared as overexploited by the Authority, no person shall sink a well without the permission of the Authority. Every rig owner shall register his machinery with the Authority. Land and Soil No brick manufacturing shall be taken up in areas where the soil Not Applicable. is prone to erosion and depletion. No brick manufacture or sand Sand mining shall not be carried out within 500 metres of any mining related activities are existing structure (such as bridges, dams, weirs, or any other proposed under TRIGP. 28 cross drainage structure) and within 500 metres of any groundwater extraction structures (either for irrigation or drinking water purposes). Surface Water No undesirable wastes including liquid wastes shall be allowed to Applicable. be dumped in the water bodies by any person or organization. Applicable to TRIGP activities such as food processing, milk chilling units and small scale enterprises that may involve disposal of wastes into surface water bodies. Trees Tree plantation and landscaping shall be adopted in all public and Applicable. private premises. Applicable to TRIGP where felling No felling of the trees or branches is permitted without prior of trees may happen for permission of the Authority. infrastructure provision – Compulsory planting in residential areas, procurement centres, storage commercial/institutional areas and industrial areas as per the godowns, mills and processing units. following details is to be taken up: For residential areas with an area of: Below 100 sq. metres 3 trees 101 to 200 sq. metres 5 trees 201 to 300 sq. metres 10 trees More than 301 sq. metres 10 trees, plus 5 trees for every increase of 100 sq. metres For commercial and institutional areas with an area of: Below 200 sq. metres 2 trees 201 to 500 sq. metres 4 trees 501 to 1000 sq. metres 6 trees, plus 2 trees for every increase of 100 sq. Metres 36 The Andhra No person shall install, erect or operate a Saw Mill (mechanical Not applicable. Pradesh Saw Mills contrivance for sawing, cutting or conversion of timber with the TRIGP will not support any saw (Regulation) aid of electrical or mechanical power) for cutting, converting or mills. Rules, 1969 sawing of timber without obtaining a licence for such installation from the Divisional Forest Officer. No licence for setting up fresh saw mills within a distance of 5 29 km. from the boundary of any Forest under the control of the Forest Department shall be granted. 37 Andhra Pradesh No forest produce shall be moved into or from or within the State Applicable. Forest Produce by land or water unless such produce is accompanied by a permit. Applicable to the activities which Transit Rules, Timber exceeding 25 cm in girth at its thickest part and one metre involve transport of forest produce 1970 in length, except timber sawn into sizes shall not be moved into or fuel wood for any manufacture, or from or within the State of Andhra Pradesh, unless such timber processing units or small scale bears a distinguishable Government transit mark authorizing the enterprises. transit. (Firewood means all timber below 25 cms in girth at it thickest end and one metre in length.) 38 The Andhra Minor Forest Produce means any forest produce other than Applicable. Pradesh Minor timber, trees (excluding bamboos) and charcoal. Applicable to small scale enterprises Forest Produce No person other than the Government or an authorized officer of under TRIGP based on Minor Forest (Regulation of the Government or an agent appointed by the Government shall produce. Trade) Act, 1971 sell or purchase or cure or otherwise process or collect or store or transport any minor forest produce. Any sale to or purchase from the Government, the authorized officer or the agent appointed by the Government of a minor forest produce is permitted. Every grower, other than the Government, shall, if the quantity of the minor forest produce grown by him during a year is likely to exceed such quantity as may be prescribed, get himself registered with the Divisional Forest Officer. A registered grower may collect any minor forest produce from any land belonging to him on which such produce is grown and may transport the minor forest produce to the nearest depot. No grower shall carry on any trade or business in or any industry with the use of the minor forest produce except in accordance with the provisions of this Act and the rules made there under. Every manufacturer of finished goods using minor forest produce, and every exporter of minor forest produce shall get himself /herself registered. 39 The Andhra The object and purpose of the Regulation was to create a State Applicable. Pradesh Scheduled monopoly in the trade of minor forest produce in Scheduled Applicable to activities involving Areas Minor Areas through Andhra Pradesh. collection and sale of minor forest 30 Forest Produce No person other than the Girijan Cooperative Corporation, Ltd, produce. (Regulation of shall sell or purchase or cure or otherwise process or collect or Trade) Regulation, store or transport any minor forest produce. 1979. Any sale to or purchase from the Corporation of a minor forest produce is permitted. 40 The Andhra The Forest area situated in Patta land is a Private Forest. Applicable. Pradesh No permission for felling of the following prohibited trees is Applicable to infrastructure related Preservation of granted: activities that require cutting of trees Private Forest 1. Vepa (Azadirachta indica) for construction. Rules, 1978. 2. Ippa (Madhuka latifolia) 3. Mamidi (Mangifera indica) 4. Kunkudu (Sapindus emarginatus) 5. Mushti (Strychnos nuxvomica) 6. Chinta (Tamarindus indica) 7.Panasa (Artocarpus integrifolia and Artocarpus hirsuta) 8. Karaka (Termalia chebula) 9. Tuniki (Diospyrosmalonaxylon) 10. Kanuga (Pongamia glabra) Permission to cut the following reserved trees shall not be granted unless the trees exceed 120 cm in girth at 1.3 m height from ground level (Also, the felling should be as close to the ground as possible): 1. Bandaru (Adina cordifolia) 2. Billudu (Chloroxylon swietenia) 3. Jittegi (Dalbergia latifolia) 4. Yepi (Hardwickia binata) 5.Raktachandanam (Pterocarpus santalinus) 6. Yegisa (Pterocarpus marsupium) 7. Chandanam (Santalum album) 8. Salwa (Shorea robusta) 9. Kusum (Schleichera trijuga) 10. Teku (Tectona grandis) 11. Maddi (Terminalia tomentosa) 12.KondaTangedu (Xylya dolabriformis) 31 41 Andhra Pradesh Public premises means any area under the control of Government Applicable. (Protection ofDepartment and includes road sides; premises of institutions and Applicable to infrastructure related Trees and Timber public buildings, public gardens, porambokes, barren lands, activities that require cutting of trees in Publicpanchayat lands, irrigation project sites and canal banks, tank for construction, and manufacture or Premises) Rules, bunds, tank spread and foreshores, etc. Unless it is in accordance processing activities that require fuel 1989. with any order issued by the Government or with prior written wood. permission of the Forest Officer, the following is not allowed in public premises:  Felling, girdling, lopping, tapping or burning of any trees  Stripping off the bark or collecting leaves or otherwise damaging a tree  Removing any produce from such trees existing in public premises  Damaging, altering, removing any fence or live hedge fence 42 The Andhra No person shall make charcoal, or cut or cause to cut trees for the Not Applicable. Pradesh Charcoal purposes of making charcoal, without the previous written No charcoal related activities are (Production and permission of the Divisional Forest Officer concerned. proposed under TRIGP. Transport) Rules, 1992 32 Chapter – III 3. Applicability of EMF to TRIGP Components - Environment Impact of Activities under TRIGP and Environment Friendly Alternatives This section discusses applicability of EMF to the components of TRIGP, presents environmental issues that might arise from the proposed activities under TRIGP and the recommendations/mitigation measures to be put in place to address the negative impacts. The environment guidelines to help in bringing in sustainability to project activities are provided. EMF is applicable to 3 components of TRIGP. Component Applicability of EMF Component 1 – Value chain enhancement The value chain enhancement has several steps like through producer organizations. productivity enhancement, processing, manufacture storage etc. EMF is applicable at every stage of value chain Component 2- Human Development Environment guidelines in Water and Sanitation, Nutrition interventions etc. Component 4 – ICT and Partnerships Guidelines for E waste management. „Innovation forum‟ under Partnership component for „Green Business Opportunities‟ 3.1. Component 1: Value Chain Enhancement through Producer Organizations: This component has two sub-components viz. Rural Value Chains and Rural Retails Chains/Small Enterprises. 3.1.1. Subcomponent 1 – Rural Value Chains The component will focus on adding value through investment in economic organizations of small and marginal farmers like producer organizations and producer companies and investments in value addition, quality enhancement and partnerships with agribusiness enterprises in the private and cooperative sector. A value chain approach will be adopted in key sub-sectors like agriculture, plantation and horticulture crops, livestock and fisheries. The sub component „Rural Value Chains‟ deals with value chains of 2 agricultural commodities and 3 animal husbandry activities listed below: 1. Paddy 2. Red gram 3. Dairy 4. Small ruminants 5. Poultry 33 The value chain activities will broadly include interventions for productivity enhancement, processing, storage and marketing. These interventions are likely to have a negative impact on environment by:  Possible over exploitation of the resources such as ground water for irrigation to enhance the productivity  Introducing high yielding varieties which need intensive irrigation, fertilization that have negative impact on soil and water  Setting up mills, processing units and storage structure which need high energy requirement and may release wastes that are harmful to the environment. The negative impacts need to be addressed or can be avoided by opting for an environment friendly alternative available. The „environment guidelines‟ or „environment friendly alternatives‟ for the commodity value chains are presented hereunder: 3.1.1.1. Environmental Guidelines for Agriculture Commodity Value Chains (Rural Value Chains) Table 2: Agriculture Commodity Value Chains: Environmental issues and best practices in Interventions for Productivity enhancement, Storage, Processing etc. S. No Interventions Environmental Impacts Measures 1 Commercial Improper Varietal selection may have Suitable varieties based on soil and Seed impact on local biodiversity besides input climatic conditions as recommended Production cost and yield. by Agriculture dept to be selected. through Seed Good yielding traditional varieties village having demand in market to be concept encouraged with the help of suitable technical agencies. Seed replacement to be considered as a resort only when traditional varieties do not respond to improved cultural practices. Replacement of traditional seed varieties In cases where traditional varieties with High Yielding Varieties could lead are being replaced maintain gene to loss of local biodiversity. banks of traditional varieties for any future use in the village with help of farmers and any interested NGOs or State Biodiversity Board. Any technical lapse in seed production Partnering with institutions for might lead to low quality germplasm or technical support. Eg: KVK, local land races might be contaminated Agriculture department at Mandal when improved varieties are produced level etc. without proper precautions. 2 Productivity Interventions for productivity enhancement enhancement might lead to the following impacts: Excess use of ground water for intensive Use water efficient methods of 34 cropping depleting the ground water irrigation like drip especially for resource. horticultural crops. Increased use of pesticides in more Restrict to non chemical methods of quantities than desired leading to runoff Pest management. Avoid use of into water bodies and polluting them and pesticides banned and restricted by polluting environment, negative effects World Health Organisation (WHO). on health etc. Soil degradation due to fertilizer use in Adopt organic manuring practices as more quantities and high uptake of far as possible. Any chemical nutrients due to high responding fertilizer application should be based varieties. on soil testing. Lack of information on weather updates The member farmers can be linked may lead to untimely operations leading with sms based weather update to crop loss due to unexpected dry spells systems to avoid untimely operations. or rains. Eg: Strategic Pilot on Adaptation to Climate Change (SPACC) project. 3 Drying Storage of grains and products like Dry the product to attain prescribed turmeric, red gram etc. needs drying to moisture level. attain prescribed moisture level to avoid pest and disease infestation which may call for chemical use for management. Drying on open grounds may Drying on cement platforms, mats contaminate the produce with dirt, etc. will protect the produce from microbes etc. which will reduce the contamination. Use solar dries quality of produce will have an impact on wherever possible. health. 4 Storage Storage facilities when not properly Storage facility should be well ventilated will attract pest and moisture ventilated and free of moisture which will spoil the produce. And pest seepage. Care must be taken to ensure infestation may lead to pesticide use this during construction or renting of which may leave harmful residues on such facilities. produce. Storage pest infestation is a common Follow natural methods of storage problem during storage. Stored product pest control such as impregnating pest control involves use of fumigants gunny sacks in neem oil, using dried which leave residues on food products neem leaves, repairing all crevices and are harmful for health. cracks in the godown etc. Chemicals stored along with food Chemicals/pesticides/weedicides / commodities may contaminate the fertilizers should not be stored along produce or give off flavors. with food commodities 35 Organic produce stored along with non It is advisable to store organic organic produce may lead to adulteration. produce separately. 5 Milling Noise pollution to the workers and in the Noise protective equipment should be neighborhood due to milling. provided to the operator of the machines. Silencer should be attached to the equipment to reduce noise from the equipment to surrounding areas. Fine dust during milling will lead to Person using these machines must health issues like allergy, asthma in long wear mask for preventing the run. problem related to inhalation. 6 Processing Processing and value addition may Use enenrgy efficient equiepment for and value require high amount of energy and water processing (such as steam boilers in addition depleting local fuel and water resources turmeric, steam roaster in cashew or and increasing emissions due to energy aqua pulper in coffee). use. Accidents and health hazards are possible Take safety precautions and use during processing involving machinery. safety gear during processing. Unhygienic environment or practices at The processing environment should processing will contaminate the food be kept clean and personal hygiene is products. must among the workers. 7 Transport Organic produce may get contaminated Vehicles used for transport for when transported along with other non chemicals should not be used for food commodities like fertilizers, transport of edible produce. The pesticides etc. vehicle should be cleaned and dried before transportation of food grains etc. 8 Waste Disposal of wastes openly after milling Explore the alternate uses for the disposal or waste (water, seed coats, peels, etc.) wastes, in cases where they cannot be after processing may create unhygienic put to alternate use dispose the wastes environment due to decomposition. as per the prescribed procedures. 9 Adoption of Lack of awareness may lead to non Awareness and training programmes environment adoption of the guidelines need to be organized for community guidelines and involved stakeholders. Good practices that enhance the value:  Demonstration Plots and FFS – with reference to demonstration plots and farmer Field Schools the demonstrations should be accurate based on scientific explanation to enhance adoption. Any mistakes or loopholes will reduce confidence among farmers. 36 Common Infrastructural facilities to be provided across TRIGP in Agriculture Commodity value chains: While the productivity enhancement, processing and storage interventions could vary from crop to crop (which are given in Annexure 6), there will be some common infrastructure related interventions required for all the crops. Upgraded custom Hiring centres: Some of the instruments provided to these custom hiring centres are power tillers, sprayers, markers, weeders, neem pulverisers, grinders for preparation of botanical extracts etc. Non Chemical Pest Management (NPM) shops: Already existing NPM shops in the Mandal will be upgraded in order to meet the demand for NPM products and wider promotion of NPM concepts. Storage warehouse cum wholesale outlet: A brick and mortar structure will be indentified or erected in order to enable storage of collected grains and help the farmers to get the benefit of the sale of the milled rice grains to the end consumer. Transport to and from procurement centre or storage ware house: Transportation of procured products needs hiring of vehicles. Table 3: Environmental Issues and Best practices in creation and maintenance of common infrastructural facilities provided to support the value chains: S. Interventions Environmental Impacts Measures No. 1 Upgraded Custom Spread of weeds and pathogens from one Clean machinery and tools after Hiring Centres field to other field through uncleaned every use to ensure no weed farm machinery and implements. This seed, pathogens etc. are carried will further encourage use of fungicides over to next field. and weedicides. Use of some of the machinery such as Ensure purchase of fuel efficient Power Weeders, Power sprayers and models of this equipment. Power tillers will increase use of fuels Proper maintenance (regular and will cause emission of GHGs (Green cleaning and service) would lead House Gases). The exhaust fumes from to enhanced efficiency. this farm machinery pollute local environment quality. There can be some safety hazards owing Awareness on safe use and first to use of machinery. aid requirements to be ensured. 2 Non Chemical Storage of botanical ingredients like Proper drying and storage in a Pest Management neem seed for long time without proper dry and shaded place will ensure Shops (NPM drying etc. Will lead to spoilage of the longevity of the raw material shops) raw material through molds or even have and quality of the extracts. impact on human health and quality of 37 NPM preparations (extracts). Continuous handling of botanical Use of safety gear like gloves extracts, raw materials like neem, and nose masks and hand tobacco etc. might cause health hazards. washing with soap should be Though neem is a plant with numerous promoted after handling of health benefits its overuse and constant botanical extracts and their exposure may lead to some allergic ingredients. reactions such as rash or hives, itching, swelling of the mouth or throat, wheezing, difficulty in breathing etc. Neem can be toxic to children and its consumption may lead to vomiting, loose stools, drowsiness, anaemia, seizure etc. Collection of plant material for Collection should ensure enough preparation of botanical extracts in propagules are left for excess quantities might affect the regeneration so as to ensure sustainable harvest of raw regeneration capacity of the specific plant species in the area. materials. Compensatory plantation of the plant species used to ensure sustainable use. Untimely use of NPM principles and non Proper use in proper dosages usage in optimum quantities may not should be ensured for better result in desired outcome leading to results. chemical application again. Preparation of botanical extracts involves Smokeless chulha can be use of fuel wood for boiling which may promoted for reducing its ill impact local fuel wood resources and effects on health. generates smoke which is harmful to health. 3 Procurement Movement of vehicles to and fro Frequent water sprinkling on the centre at Mandal transporting the procured grains may road and near ground to avoid level result in dust. excessive dust. Clearing of vegetation may affect local Avoid clearing to vegetation to biodiversity and local environment. the extent possible. In case of necessity to clear the vegetation take required permissions and do compensatory plantation. 4 Storage Construction of a brick and mortar Careful selection of site in order warehouse at structure for storage would involve to avoid trouble for neighboring Mandal level following negative environmental people. (this storage impacts: structure will also  Possible clearing of vegetation or Minimize the need for cutting act as a point to cutting of trees to set up the structure the trees and damage to native wholesale would involve negative impact to the vegetation. 38 marketing point environment. Take required permissions (as for the grains) indicated in negative list and legal and regulatory framework) in case of need to cut trees. Compensatory plantation if there is any vegetation loss. Frequent water sprinkling near storage area and approach road to avoid excessive dust during construction.  Construction waste, solid waste and Dispose the debris away from heat and pollution affect the local the site preferably in landfills or environment quality. use for activities like road  Open disposal of debris near the site construction. Fill all the borrow or near drains etc. will cause pits to avoid hazards like inconvenience and block drains. accidental falls, water stagnation Unfilled borrow pits are a hazard, etc. leading to accidental falls, water stagnation etc. Lighting equipment in storage houses Use of LED lighting can reduce with high energy consumption leads to the electricity consumption GHG emissions. drastically. Providing adequate natural ventilation during construction will reduce the need for energy consumption for lighting. Collaborate with municipal authorities for temporary or permanent road widening to cater to the additional truck traffic and future traffic.  Avoid truck traffic during morning and evening rush hours. Environmental impacts during operation Store the grains on elevated of the storage warehouse might have the structures (dunnage) to avoid following impacts direct contact with floor and to  Flocking of vehicles around the provide aeration. warehouse will generate air pollution Bags should not touch the walls and noise pollution. to prevent the absorption of  Improper storage may lead to moisture and serve as hiding spoilage of produce through mold places for rats. infestation, pest attack and may Fix Zinc sheets at the bottom of encourage use of chemicals and the wooden doors to prevent fumigants. entry of rats. Block all drainage holes with 39  wired mesh and use rat traps. Rats can be killed with bait of balls made of horse gram flour  and cotton thread or flour mixed  with cement.  Mix leaves of Neem, Karanj,  Custard apple, Adathoda and  Tulsi to protect grains from  storage insects.  Storage location should be high  Water leakage in godowns will encourage molds and there by chemical and not prone to flooding. Jute bags are placed in lots of 6 use. (Breadth) x 10 (length) x 7 m (Height) on wooden platform or concrete blocks on the ground with a gap of 15 cm between the floor and the bag. 5 Hiring Transportation agency with old and ill Collective transportation by transportation serviced vehicles may cause more transportation agency using well agency for emissions. serviced vehicles will lead to aggregation and efficient utilization of vehicles, transportation. will minimise fuel consumption and will ultimately lead to less emission of green house gases. 6 Adoption of Lack of awareness may lead to non Awareness and training environment adoption of the guidelines programmes need to be guidelines organized for the members. Good practices that enhance the value:  Lack of proper ventilation and improper stacking of bags will encourage storage pests and molds. Proper ventilation should be provided during construction.  Leakage proof construction with better drainage facility to drain the clean water etc. ensures safe storage of the produce. 40 3.1.1.2. Environmental Guidelines for Livestock Value Chains: Background: Dairy: TRIGP targets with a target to produce of milk through best livestock management practices. The interventions will include induction of high yielding animals, capacity building, fodder requirements etc. Small ruminants: TRIGP targets goat and sheep producers to improve meat production by adopting better management practices. The key interventions proposed include induction of small ruminants, increasing productivity of animals by adopting better management practices and access to veterinary services and establishing marketing channels. Poultry: TRIGP is planning to reach poultry producers to improve production of chicken meat and eggs through best poultry management practices. The key interventions include introduction of dual purpose birds, improving access to better veterinary services, access to low cost inputs, convergence with suppliers and marketing tie ups. Table 4: Environmental Issues and Best practices in Livestock (dairy, small ruminants and poultry) related value chains: S. No. Interventions Environmental Impacts Measures 1. Legal Permission etc. may be required for Required norms should be met as per requirements grazing near forest areas, fishing etc. the recommendations given in legal and regulatory framework and commodity wise guidelines. 2 Selection of Breeds and varieties that are not Select locally suitable breeds and breeds and suitable to the location may not varieties that respond well to the local varieties (in perform well and increase the cost conditions there by reducing external dairy, small and effort on resources like and inputs and maintenance costs ruminants, fodder, water, feed etc. for poultry and maintenance. fisheries) 3 Shed, spacing Improper spacing, over stocking Recommended ratio of spacing, stocking density leads to disease spreads and there by stocking etc. to be followed for health etc. use of curative drugs etc. of the animals. Details are provided in Annexure 6. 4 Feed Over grazing livestock or wastage Grazing or feeding of livestock management during stall feeding leads to stress on should be as per the environment. recommendations. Details are provided in Annexure 6. 5 Waste Open disposal of wastes leads to Waste disposal should be through management (in unhygienic environment. composting or putting to alternate use dairy and etc. as provided in activity specific poultry) guidelines in Annexure 6. 6 Disposal of Open disposal leads to Recommended methods of disposal 41 carcasses (dairy contamination of water resources such as burying or burning should be and poultry) and leads to spread of diseases in followed. case of diseased animals. 7 Value addition Energy use and waste disposal could Prescribed standards are to be (milk cooling, be an environmental issues in value followed as suggested in commodity fish processing addition wise guidelines in Annexure 6. etc. 8 Adoption of Lack of awareness may lead to non Awareness and training programmes environment adoption of the guidelines need to be organized for the guidelines members. Commodity wise environment guidelines are presented in Annexure 6, along with list of support agencies which can be used for greening specific value chains during the preparation of business plans. 3.1.2. Subcomponent 2 – Rural Retail Chains/Social Enterprises This sub component aims to derive social impact in terms of delivery of enhanced and improved quality of consumption at a rural household, by making available good quality, affordable, safe and nutritious food items, personal hygiene products, other essential goods and essential services to the poorest of the poor households by organizing a network of (existing) rural retail outlets (KRuSHE Marts) and (existing & new) home-based enterprises (KRuSHE Enterprises). This section discusses the potential environmental issues and environment friendly alternatives (environment guidelines) for KRuSHE Enterprises and KRuSHE marts. 42 KRuSHE Enterprises: KRuSHE Enterprises are divided in to two major categories – farm products and nonfarm products. 1. Farm products: Farm products include food products like highly nutritional products, value added agriculture products, processed value added horticulture products eg: pine apple juice, jam, jelly, powders like turmeric, chilli, coriander etc., pickles, dry fish and fresh fish etc. 2. Non Farm products: Non farm products includes chemical products eg: phenyl, detergent, liquid blue, soap, agarbatti, candles, pain balm, chalk piece etc, textile products and handicraft eg: Dwacra crafts leather crafts, wrought iron crafts etc. The farm and non farm products that KRuSHE enterprises will deal with are presented below: Farm Products Non Farm products Ginger products Textiles Hill brooms Handlooms Leaf plates Hand bags Tamarind School bags Chilli powder Candles Masala powder Bangles Turmeric powder Agarbathi Pickles Rangoli Rice mill Soaps Bengal gram dal Detergents, washing powder Dry copra Phenyl Herbal products Pain balm Redgram dal Chalk pieces Sesamum oil Shampoo Mango jelly Paper plates Coconut oil Acids Ground nut Liquid blue Honey Paper covers Vermicelli Footwear Sweet, milk products Basket making Snacks and bakery Mineral water Papads Coir products Environment Impacts of KRuSHE Enterprises: Negative impact on environment is possible during various steps in processing and manufacture of farm and non farm products. The environmental impacts and eco friendly alternatives for different activities allied with KRuSHEE Marts and the mitigation measures are presented hereunder: 43 3.1.2.1. Environment Guidelines for Processing and value addition of Farm products Table 5: Potential Environmental issues and Environment friendly alternatives in farm based food product preparation include: S. Activity in the Possible issues Interventions, Best practices No value chain or steps in the process 1 Registration, Manufacturing and selling of chemical Registration of unit under DIC is licenses and products without registration and required. Pollution Control Board permissions license is illegal. Food processing units (PCB) permissions are required also need licenses along with small based on type of activity. Food scale industries. processing units should obtain licenses. 2 Storage of raw Improper storage of raw materials i.e. Raw materials should be properly materials and in moist, unclean conditions leads to stored in containers with lids in finished products. spoilage or contamination of the clean and dry place (prescribed products and chemical raw materials standards are to be followed for poses health risks to the people around. each material). Few materials lead to explosions and fire hazards when not stored in required Finished products should be manner. properly labeled with manufacture and expiry dates and stored in clean and dry place. 3 Manufacture Manufacture without following The machinery should be kept clean prescribed standards under health and and the workers should follow the hygiene affects the quality of produce. prescribed standards of hygiene such as bathing, hand washing, using gloves, masks and hair caps etc. 4 Use of additives, Use of non permitted additives and Only the permitted additives and preservatives preservatives is illegal and pose health preservatives should be used as per risks to the workers and consumers. the recommendations given in activity specific guidelines in the Annexe 2 of Annexure 7. 5 Energy use Energy is required for heating, boiling, In case of cooking fuel efficient grinding, extraction, drying etc. devices should be used. Biomass or solar devices can be promoted to conserve energy. 6 Use of water Water is required for cleaning, Water efficient devices should be washing, boiling etc. promoted. 7 Maintenance and Irregular cleaning or maintenance will Regular upkeep should be followed upkeep of lead to contamination and improper as per the prescribed standards. machinery functioning. Possibility of accidents during handling Personnel should be well trained machinery. and first aid kit should be available. 44 8 Waste disposal Wastes should be properly disposed Open disposal of decomposable wastes as per the recommendations given leads to contamination of surroundings though decomposition, attracting in activity specific environment guideline s given in Annexure 7. insects, leaving chemical residues etc. 9 Facilities at The work space should be Lack of required basic amenities will processing and affect health of workers. ventilated to the extent possible. manufacturing Should have drinking water and centres. toilet facilities. 10 Adoption of Lack of awareness may lead to non Awareness and training environment adoption of the guidelines programmes need to be organized guidelines for the workers and entrepreneurs. 45 3.1.2.2. Environment Guidelines for enterprises: Table 6: Potential Environmental issues and Environment friendly alternatives in nonfarm based enterprises include: S. No Activity in the value Possible issues Interventions, Best practices chain or steps in the process 1 Registration, licenses Manufacturing and selling of Registration of unit under DIC and and permissions chemical products without chemical license and testing for toxic registration and license is illegal. material is required with help of Pollution Control Board. 2 Raw material Poor quality raw material lead to Authentic source of raw material and (Chemical) burning of hands, breathing suppliers to be ensured and training problems etc. during preparation on proportion of raw material to be and end use of the product. mixed up can be given. 3 Storage of raw Improper storage of raw materials Raw materials should be properly materials and finished leads to spoilage or contamination stored in containers with lids in products of products. clean and dry place as per prescribed standards Finished products should be properly labeled with manufacture and expiry date and stored in clean and dry place. 4 Processing and Manufacture without following Hand gloves, nose masks and manufacture prescribed standards affects the goggles should be used while health of workers. handling the raw materials or finished products. 5 Energy use Energy is required by machinery Green sources of energy can be for heating, running mixing, promoted to conserve energy based packing, etc. and will have impact on feasibility. through GHG emissions. 6 Use of water Water is required for cleaning, Water efficient devices should be washing, boiling etc. As the promoted. requirement is in large quantities this will have impact on local water resources. 7 Maintenance and Possibility of accidents during Personnel should be well trained and upkeep of machinery handling machinery. first aid kit should be available. 8 Waste disposal Open disposal of chemical wastes Wastes should be properly disposed or cleaned water leads to as per the recommendations given in contamination of surroundings and activity specific environment water bodies. guideline is given in Annexure 7. 9 Facilities at Lack of required basic amenities The work space should be ventilated processing and will affect health of workers. to the extent possible. Should have manufacturing drinking water and toilet facilities. centres 46 10 Packaging Use of undecomposable packaging Bio degraded able ingredients and material further cause the soil re-useable packaging should be pollution. promoted. 11 Adoption of Lack of awareness may lead to Awareness and training programmes environment non adoption of the guidelines need to be organized for the guidelines entrepreneurs and workers. KRuSHE Marts: The project will organise rural retail chains by creating a network of KRuSHE Marts that offer branded and non-branded households goods and daily needs at lower cost. The project will aim at transforming traditional Kirana shops and other retail outlets into KRuSHE Mart outlets. 3.1.2.3. Environment Guidelines for Rural Retail Chains: KRuSHE Marts Environmental impacts here will include ventilation, storage practices, labeling, packing etc. Table 7: Potential Environmental issues and Environment friendly alternatives for KRuSHE marts include: S. Key aspects in Possible issues Interventions, Best practices No Rural marts 1 Rural mart Poor ventilation, possibility of The marts should be well ventilated, structure moisture seepage etc. will favor the moisture proof. pest and mold growth. 2 Storage of The large scale storage of The provisions should be stored in air provisions provisions attracts pests and offers tight packed conditions to the extent scope for fast multiplication possible and should be placed on a necessitating the chemical use for cement or wooden platform. pest control which may Natural precautions like adding neem contaminate the products posing leaves, spraying the container and health risks. floor with neem seed kernel extract Contact with moisture will lead to etc. should be followed. fungal growth, off flavors etc. Consumable items (nutria products) Consumable items should not be when stored with products of stored with goods of chemical nature chemical nature may contaminate such as mosquito coils, pest repellent the product or give unfavorable liquids or tobacco products. odors. The unpacked ready to consume items like nutria products should be stored in clean containers with lids. 3 Product Out dated products or products that Each product packed and sold by the durability, are stored for long time will lead to KRuSHE mart should have mention of labeling health issues when consumed. expiry date. Any pest or mold infested or outdated products should be cleared and disposed safely on regular basis. 4 Package material Use of plastic bags under thickness Use news paper wrapping or cloth 47 of 20 microns is not allowed for bags for supplying the provision to the packaging due to their non consumer. recyclable nature and potential Encourage the consumers to bring negative impact on environment. cloth bags. 5 Adoption of Lack of awareness may lead to non Awareness and training programmes environment adoption of the guidelines need to be organized for community guidelines and involved stakeholders from the village. Good Practices:  Flammable items when not stored in required condition may lead to accidents. Flammable items should be stored separately in prescribed conditions. The activity specific Environment Guidelines for farm and nonfarm activities under Rural retail chains and are attached as Annexure 7 along with list of support agencies. These guidelines can be used during development of business plans. 3.2. Component 2- Human Development (HD) The HD component will build upon the existing government and civil society structures and mechanisms such as, Maarpu, IAH, NDCC, etc. It will do so by developing a convergence model that supports the strengthening of existing nutrition, health, sanitation and pre-school education service delivery facilities at the village level by providing additional financing for gap filling and incentives and awards for performance. The approach of the project looks at the following sub components: 1. Strengthening the demand for quality nutrition, health, sanitation and pre-school education services 2. Strengthening supply of quality nutrition, health, sanitation and pre-school education services 3. Linkages with value chains for improved nutritional outcomes The activities under each sub component and applicability of EMF is presented here under: Table 8: Applicability of EMF to HD components S. Component Key activities Applicability of EMF No 1. Strengthening demand for Developing village HD plans. Integrating Environment guidelines improved quality Rollout of village HD plans. into HD plan preparation and nutrition, quality nutrition, implementation through health, sanitation and pre- convergence. school education services. Capacity building HD teams Integration environmental aspects at village and mandal levels. into creation of safe drinking water and sanitation facilities and maintenance. Awareness programmes for Importance of environmental behavioral change on water sanitation and necessity of and sanitation and nutrition environment guidelines. 48 aspects. 2. Strengthening supply of Strengthening district training Integration of module on quality nutrition, health, teams of line departments. environment guidelines to be sanitation and pre-school Technical trainings to front followed during creation and education services line workers and HD maintenance of Water and Sanitation personnel. facilities and nutrition related interventions. 3. Linkages with value Farmer Field Schools for Organic methods of cultivation. chains for improved nutrition sensitive agriculture. nutritional outcomes Nutri shops and take away Environmental guidelines for food centres. infrastructure, cooking and storage. Community kitchens. Sanitation and supply of safe Environment guidelines for drinking drinking water. water and sanitation. Village level HD plans: Village level HD plans will be prepared to indentify the HD issues and gaps in the village. As part of HD plan preparation household surveys as well as village facility surveys will be conducted related to water, sanitation, health, nutrition, education and livelihoods. A small HD fund of Rs. 1, 50,000 (Approx) per village in 50 mandals will be made available to meet any awareness or small infrastructure gaps in the village. The PRI and VO jointly would take the responsibility to plan and achieve the desired HD outcomes deemed appropriate and that they are not running short of resources feeling hapless. This will be largely done through convergence. CRP trainings and trainings on Maarpu: CRPs will be trained on HD components and preparation of HD plans and on creating awareness among the concerned committees in village and communities. Environment guidelines will be duly integrated into the modules. The HD interventions (awareness programmes and addressing infrastructure gaps) and environment guidelines for the same are discussed below: 3.2.1. Environment Guidelines for ensuring and monitoring safe drinking water supply: This activity focuses on addressing gaps in provision of safe drinking water in the villages through convergence with department‟s programmes. This would involve working with GPs, mobilization of Village Health Sanitation and Nutrition Committees. This could entail building a cadre of Community Resource Persons facilitating village level micro plans developing and establishing convergence with departmental programmes for building community water and sanitation assets. 49 Table 9: Environment guidelines for Drinking water supply monitoring: S. No Component Possible Issue Intervention or best practice 1 Source of There is possibility of contamination of Water should be testing in the lab drinking water the surface water source with fecal matter facility of RWS with help of and other organic pollutants, debris etc. Panchayat before arranging for the Inorganic pollution is also possible supply. through fertilizer runoff, high concentration of fluoride, arsenic, nitrate Water testing should be done by etc. in cases where ground water is the the VOs (sending the samples to source. RWS laboratory) on regular basis as part of monitoring. 2 Use of ground In case if the water source is ground Recharge structures should be water water, over exploitation coupled with planned for all ground water lack of recharge may leading drying up sources with support from of the bore well. department of RWS. 3 Supply system In the piped supply system leakages are The concerned committee in the possible which leads to contamination VO responsible for monitoring with sewage water near drains etc. should regularly check for any leakages at regular intervals and get the issues solved with help of PRI and the department of Rural Water Supply. 4 Fecal Fecal contamination is possible in The monitoring committee in the contamination monsoon causing diarrhea. VO should be equipped with H2S in monsoons vials for checking water quality at regular intervals. 5 Water storage Even if water supplied is safe Awareness programmes to be and handling at contamination and ill health is possible at planned at village level on household level household level due to wrong practices in practices like boiling water in storage and handling water. monsoon, safe storage, handling water through ladle, using clean tumblers etc. Practices like household level purification should also be promoted. 6 Deflouridation In villages where deflouridation units are About 80-100 gms of sludge is treatment plants established disposal of sludge may pose generated per 1000 liters of water in villages with and serious environment hazard. in electrolytic deflouridation units. fluoride Feasible options for sludge contamination. treatment and disposal are to be explored – such as brick making and sanitary landfills. Dewatering the sludge allows for safe storage for a period of time which can be used for dry land filling. 50 7 Use and The established facilities will not serve Awareness and training maintenance the purpose if guidelines on proper use programmes need to be organized and maintenance are not followed. for community and involved stakeholders from the village. Fluoride problem and issue of sludge disposal: The suggestion applies in cases where deflouridation units are planned in convergence with government schemes or with corporate support, external funding etc. Discharge of the sludge collected in the treatment plants is an issue of concern as open disposal (which is a normal practice) will lead to leaching into ground water. For safe disposal the fluoride should be dewatered using vacuum filters and dried. It can added to the soil used for brick making (to large quantities of soil so that the concentration of fluoride is diluted) or for concrete blocks. The requisite equipment for the same and the guidelines for disposal should be built into the contracts. 3.2.2. Creation of Sanitation facilities: This activity focuses on leveraging investments made by SERP in the institutional platform of SHGs and VOs to work on mobilization around sanitation, defecation free villages and access to sanitation services. This would involve working with GPs, mobilization of Village Health Sanitation and Nutrition Committees. This could entail building a cadre of Community Resource Persons facilitating village level micro plans and establishing convergence with government line departments. Table 10: Environment Guidelines for construction of IHHL: S. No Component Possible Issue Intervention or best practice 1 Location of the Toilet location near to the drinking Safe distance from drinking water toilet water source has high chances of sources to be followed. The location contaminating the water. of the septic tank should be downhill from the water source depending on feasibility. The safe distance depends on local hydrological conditions, however 30 mts is treated as safe distance1. Location too far from the house or Appropriate location should be too near to the house may deter the selected which will not discourage use. the use in consultation with the household. 2 Water facility in Lack of water facility inside Water facility should be provided side toilet discourages the use and affects inside to the extent possible. cleanliness. 2 pit system toilet with Pan with steep slope 250-280 and trap with 20 mm water seal as designed by Sulabh International will reduce the usage of 1 Septic Tanks, http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/hygiene/emergencies/fs3_9.pdf viewed on 28th March 2014. 51 water (required 1-1.5 lits for flushing)2. In areas with water scarcity water efficient toilets like ecosan toilets can be constructed. 3 Hand wash Practice of not washing hands after Hand wash facility outside the toilet facility toilet use will cause fecal should be made integral part of contamination of food and water design or facility of water and soap while handling, eating etc. should be made available outside. 4 Ventilation Poor ventilation discourages use Proper ventilation to be ensured as by children and affects cleanliness lack of ventilation or electricity and maintenance. discourages the use 5 Construction Cost and availability of space and The following low cost options can models water is a constraint for toilet be explored based on need: construction in many areas. Plinth level toilet with temporary super structure can be constructed which is of low cost. Use of hollow bricks will reduce cost Eco san toilets – in water scarce areas. Biogas linked toilets depending on acceptability. Anganwadi toilets are not used Child friendly anganwadi toilets with when not designed specific to easy access to water tub, provision of child needs. opening from inside and outside, small 14 inches pan, water storage at 1 feet ht. 6 Disposal of Open disposal of debris near the The debris should be disposed away construction toilet itself sometimes block the from the site preferably though land debris access and acts as hiding place for filling. snakes etc. Debris disposed near drains leads to stagnation obstructing the flow. 7 Use and Improper use and maintenance Awareness programmes should be maintenance will lead to defunct facilities organized for community on proper use and maintenance. 3.3.3. Environment Guidelines to be integrated into the awareness programmes facilitating use and proper disposal of Sanitary napkins:  The sanitary napkins should not be disposed openly into garbage as it poses health hazards. They should but burnt or buried. Burial is recommended as safe practice as burning leads to harmful gases because of plastic. A deep burial pit can be constructed for burial in a common location. 2 Two Pit System, viewed at http://www.sulabhinternational.org/content/two-pit-system, on 28th March 2014. 52  Providing identifiable disposable bags along with the napkin packs and in village as common disposable point would facilitate hygienic handling of used napkins  Low cost environment friendly napkins should be explored for promotion in the villages. Reusable cloth sanitary napkin production by SHGs is being explored in Trichy, Tamil Nadu 3. 3.3.4. Environment Guidelines for Nutrition Gardens: Nutrition gardens at household will be promoted through Farmer Field School (FFS) approach under HD component. To deliver the service at FFS, an Extension Advisory Services (EAS) provider will be positioned in every mandal. Kitchen gardens, livestock, and especially small animals, can play an important role in dietary diversity and in increasing the consumption of micronutrient-rich foods. EAS Provider will help to introduce a diversity of crops, animal husbandry, and fisheries which are available locally, affordable and easily adopted by communities. Table 11: Environment Guidelines for Nutrition Gardens: S. Component Possible Issue Intervention or best practice No 1 Selection of varieties Varieties not suitable to local Grow locally available good conditions and hybrids may not yielding varieties. provide better nutrition but may increase costs for pest and disease management. 2 Pest and disease Use of chemicals for nutrient, pest The kitchen garden should be management and disease will lead to harmful grown by organic methods only. chemical residues in food and soil, affect local biodiversity. 3 Water use Flood method of irrigation need Drip method or IDA drip method more quantities of water. can be followed to conserve water. 3.3.5. Environment Guidelines for Nutrition Cum Day Care Centers (NDCCs), Community Kitchens, Nutri product preparation: The project, in future might ssupport communities set up community kitchens and nutrition enterprises in a hub-and-spoke model to prepare and supply nutritious meals to ICDS, Mid-Day Meal, destitute feeding centers, etc. in a healthy and hygienic manner. The same kitchen would also be used to develop nutri-products .These enterprises could be linked to local value chains developed under the project. The project also aims at transformation of the village Kirana stores into a convenient and affordable access point for good quality, safe and nutritious food. This would create a rural retail chain that connects local producers for various food and nutrition products, local branded products and doorstep outlets. These stores would also be linked with organic and pesticide free sustainable agriculture program which supports more than a million organic producers. The project would work on developing a brand of KRuSHE which all these stores would carry. 3 Environment Friendly and Low cost Sanitary pads viewed at https://onepercentclub.com/en/#!/projects/environment- friendly-and-low-cost-sanitary-pads/plan on 28th March 2014. Another link: http://ecofemme.org/about/media/ 53 Table 12: Environment guidelines for NDCCs, Community kitchens and nutri products preparation: S. Component Possible Issue Intervention or best practice No 1 NDCC or Lack of proper ventilation needs more Well ventilated spaces should be community energy for lighting and will not be of hired or ventilation should be kitchen facility convenience for cooking, eating etc. given importance during construction. 2 Raw materials, Products from chemical farming will Organic products or the products ingredients used have negative impact on health. from CMSA should be used to for cooking the extent possible. Diversified food products with high nutritive values like millets, greens, egg etc. should be considered for ensuring required nutrition uptake. 3 Storage of cereals Improper storage of the ingredients Storage should be in clean, dry pulses, oil etc. leading to contact with moistures, places with in tightly packed exposure to pests like rats etc. will spoil containers or containers with the quality there by having impact on lids, covers. Food products health. should not be stored along with any products of chemical nature. Outdated raw materials or raw materials stored for long periods should not be used. Raw materials should be inspected at regular intervals and any spoiled materials should be safely discarded. Storage pest Use of chemicals to control storage Non chemical pest management control pests like cockroaches, rats etc. as they methods like neem leaves, dry may contaminate the food. chillies etc. can be used for storing the raw materials. 4 Cooking practices Cooking and serving in unclean, not Cooking should be done in clean properly washed and dried vessels may and dry vessels. The vessels lead to contamination of food. should be washed properly after cooking and serving and dried in Cooking and serving without washing sun. hands may also contaminate the food. Wearing gloves and hair cap while serving is advisable. Eating food without washing hands will allow bacteria and virus present on Hand wash facilities (soap and hands to contaminate the food. water) should be provided at nutrition centre. In case of children it is advisable to taste the food before serving. 54 5 Storage of cooked Storage of food without covers, lids etc. The cooked food until served or food. will attract flies and poses risk of sold should be stored in clean contamination causing health hazards and dry containers that are properly covered with lids. 6 Cooking and Un clean cooking and washing place Cooking pace should be kept washing place will encourage flies and pests. clean. No water stagnation should be allowed at washing place. Soak pit should be constructed or waste water should be diverted to plants or nutrition garden if available. 7 Waste disposal Open disposal of wastes attracts stray The wastes should be composted dogs, pests and flies and creates un in a pit and the compost can later hygienic conditions due to be used for the garden. decomposition. For liquid waste proper drainage facilities with cement canals (preferably closed) should be provided. 8 Indoor air In places where fuel wood stoves are Fuel efficient smokeless cook pollution used the smoke will lead to respiratory stoves or bio gas can be and eye problems promoted depending on feasibility. 9 Toilet facility Lack of toilet facilities at NDCC or Toilet with water facility should community kitchen will cause be made compulsory at NDCC inconvenience as pregnant mothers and and community kitchens. small children attend and also to workers at community kitchen. Surrounding environment may be spoiled due to lack of facilities For all the construction related activities under HD component – Kitchens, Toilets, Water supply etc. the guidelines for the construction activities are to be referred given as Annexure 8. However in case of constructions coming up during the project period with fund from World bank special guidelines and site specific Environment Management Plans (EMPs), system of monitoring should be planned and implemented in consultation with the World Bank. 55 3.3. Component 4 – TA, ICT and Partnerships: Objective of TA, ICT is to create and operationalize a state of the art, efficient, effective ICT platform for hosting and enabling the delivery of range of projects – for Human development, Livelihoods and social development - with a focus on delivering last mile services. The key activities to be implemented under partnership include (i) Innovation forums or Solutions Marketplaces, Knowledge Events (ii) Financing Public-Private-Community Partnerships: The project will encourage productive partnerships with public, private and social enterprise sectors to increase the integration of poor in performing and remunerative value chains. 3.3.1. Innovation forum or Solution market places on Green Business opportunities The objective of this component will be to enhance the environment benefits by organizing an innovation forum or solution market place to address the critical issues identified through environment assessment and that will be identified during the project period. The theme of the innovation forum or solution market place will be – Green Business Opportunities‟ and the objective will be to identify high impact environment management related innovations on value chains and to form productive partnership with Technical Agencies that can provide support on energy efficient processing, improving water use efficiency, waste utilization and recycling, green labeling and marketing etc. The innovation forum or solution market place will be organized inviting high impact solutions for the following critical environmental issues that are identified during the environment assessment of the value chains which are mentioned below: Table 13: Critical Environmental Issues indentified in value chains: S. No Interventions Environmental Issues planned to be Residual issues /Value issues to be addressed by SERP need to be Chains addressed addressed 1 Paddy Value Use of chemicals to Plan for Non Chemical Nil Chain enhance productivity methods for crop and to manage pests management. and diseases will lead to pollution of local environment, enters food chain etc. Use of high quantities Promotion of System of Nil of water depletes Rice Intensification (SRI) local water resources to conserve water. Waste management Plan for charcoal Can plan for issues in the briquettes. biomass gassifiers processing, milling is and energy produced an issue when openly can be used for disposed. running the mill and by product charcoal 56 can still be put to suitable use. 2 Red gram Use of chemicals to Plan for Non Chemical Nil enhance productivity methods for crop and to manage pests management. and diseases will lead to pollution of local environment, enters food chain etc. 3 Dairy Fodder cultivation, Plan for fodder Nil breed and cultivation and breed vaccinations play key upgradation. role on animal health Waste management poses environmental Biogas plants can be problem when planned through disposed openly CDM project. which is the common practice. 4 Small scale Safety issues for the Not planned. Measures to be enterprises workers and waste planned after disposal problems. individual activity assessment. The procedures and standards for announcement, identifying technical support agencies, implementing the high impact solutions etc. will be in line with those that are set for innovation forum or solution market place. 3.3.2. Green tools for rating and certification of green products under value chains: For rating the greening of value chains, green business opportunities green tools will be developed by a third party certification agency after setting green standards for each product. Software for green rating need to be developed under ICT component. The traceability mechanism for green products will also be developed under ICT. Further details on these are discussed in EMF implementation chapter. 3.3.3. Environment Guidelines for ICT interventions – Use of tablets and e- Waste management.  The E waste if not disposed properly it may pollute ground water, soil and air. The heavy metals like cadmium, lead etc may leach from the waste and may pollute the ground water. The presence of metals like cadmium, mercury, lead causes air pollution through harmful emissions. According to e-waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2011that e-waste generated by them is channelized to the authorised collection centre(s), or registered dismantler(s) or recycler(s) or is returned to the pick up or take back service provided by the producers; and Bulk consumers shall maintain record of e-waste generated by them in the Form 2 and make such record available for scrutiny by the State Pollution Control Board or the Pollution Control Committee concerned.  During the purchase required clauses should be included in the contract conditions to ensure that the producer provides SERP with a list of authorized collection centers/dismantlers/recyclers. 57 Chapter - IV 4. EMF Implementation Arrangements The institutional arrangements for EMF and plan of implementation are discussed in this chapter. 4.1. Approach to development of Environment Management Framework (EMF): EMF is designed in consultation with various stakeholders – the project teams, concerned departments, community representatives through field consultations. Respective thematic teams in SERP are involved in the process of EMF development including Community Managed Sustainable Agriculture (CMSA), Livestock and Poultry Development (LPD), KRuSHE teams. Comments on the draft report are obtained from the World Bank team. Consultations: Consultations with key stakeholders (Community, NGOs and representatives from government line departments) are held through workshops in 2 locations – in Karimnagar on 11th July 2014 and Rangareddy district on 15th July 2014. The reports and participant details are attached as Annexure 9. The EMF is in agreement with the stakeholders and the suggestions by stakeholders are duly integrated into the EMF. This section details the following aspects of the implementation of the Environmental Management Framework (EMF):  Greening the business plans (Value chains), business proposals (KRuSHE marts and KRuSHE Enterprises) and HD plans (Village Infrastructure Plans)  Environment Appraisal for ensuring integration of Environment guidelines into the value chain business plans, KRuSHE Marts & Enterprise proposals and Human Development plans. The following plans will go through the process of Environmental Appraisal o Business Plans developed by Producer Groups o Business proposals developed by KRuSHE entrepreneurs o Village HD Plan (VHDP) under HD component developed by HD teams (HD CRPs)  Innovation forum on „Green Business Opportunities‟  Institutional arrangements for implementation of EMF  Monitoring strategy  Capacity building plan  Budget  Timeline 58 Greening Rural Inclusive Growth: Greening the plans and Environmental Appraisal Figure 1: Greening Rural Inclusive Growth - flowchart Business Plans Village HD and proposals Plans Greening the HD plans Greening value chains Value chains – GCRPs KRuSHE - CKCs HD – HD CRPs Extension WASH Screening and EA Specialist and Person from Screening and EA District HD team KrRuSHE team Implementation of Producer VLCC, VO Implementation of Group, with support measures of PRI, depts.. Guidelines Enterprises Internal monitoring GCPs ,CKCs HD CRPs, Internal monitoring once every year (M) & (E) and WASH once every year. EMF anchor person, persons, SERA SERA External Monitoring External evaluation By External Agency and green rating, and rating by technical certification once every Agency year Green labeling, marketing 59 4.2. Greening the Business Plans, Business Proposals and HD Plans: Producer Group „Business Plans‟ – Rural Value Chains: The Producer Group (PG) will be facilitated by the Village Resource Person (VRP) with support of Community Resource Persons (CRPs). The commodity specific Spear Head Teams (SHT) functioning at cluster level (comprising of Producer Group Specialist; Agri Business Specialist; Extension Specialist; Agriculture Nutrition Specialist etc.) provides support to Producer Group in developing the Business Activity Plans on Value chains for the selected commodities at cluster level – Paddy, Red gram, Dairy, Small ruminants, Poultry, etc. Environment Guidelines will be integrated into the value chains by Producer Groups with the support of Green Community Resource Persons (GCRPs) under the guidance of Extension Specialist who is the anchor person for EMF at cluster level as part of SHT. The technical agency on the specific commodity will also take part in this process to provide necessary technical inputs. KRuSHE Marts and Enterprise Business Proposals - Rural Retail Chains: The KRuSHE Marts will be identified by Community KRuSHE Consultants (CKCs) Marts (M) who will consider environmental conditions (as provided in the Table 7) and integrates environment guidelines into the business proposals with the help of Spear Head Teams and Knowledge partners if required. Similarly KRuSHE Enterprises will be identified by Community KRuSHE Consultants (CKC) Enterprises (E) integrating into the business proposals, the activity specific environment guidelines provided in Annexure 7. Village HD Plans - HD Plans: The village HD plans are prepared by HD Community Resource Persons (CRPs) and Village Level Convergence Committees (VLCC) s involving the PRI. A team of 2 CRPs will cover 5 villages in mandal. The environment guidelines will be integrated by CRPs into HD intervention during the preparation of the plans with the support of WASH person from mandal HD team and Technical Agency. 4.3. Environment Appraisal and Environment Guidelines for greening value chains and HD interventions: 4.3.1. Environment Appraisal of Value chains - Business Plans and Business Proposals Rural Value Chains – Business plans: The Business Plans prepared by PGs with help of Spear Head Teams (SHT) will go through the process of Environment Appraisal in order to verify if the compliance requirement and environment guidelines are duly integrated (any compliance requirements and any possible the negative impacts of the activities proposed under value chain and suggestion of appropriate mitigation measures or environment friendly alternatives, any climate change adaptation measures) into the business plan or not. The responsibility of conducting the environment appraisal of the value chains is with the Extension Specialist who operates at Cluster level as part of SHT. Productivity Enhancement expert, who operates at District or Supra District level is responsible for any guidance and monitoring the appraisal. 60 Greening of the Producer Group‟s Business Plan, which is verified by the process of Environment Appraisal, serves as one of the trigger for release of the fund for Producer Groups. Rural Retail Chains – Business proposals: The business proposals for the KRuSHE Marts developed by Community KRuSHE Consultants (CKCs) with help of SHT will be environmentally appraised by Operation Specialist at District Level with support from Knowledge partner. The business proposals for KRuSHE Enterprises developed by CKC (E) with support from SHT will go through Environmental Appraisal by Enterprise Promoter Operating at District Level. The knowledge partner will offer support in the same. 4.3.2. Environment Appraisal of HD Plans The HD plans developed under HD component will go through the process of Environment Appraisal to ensure if the plans have due integration of Environmental Guidelines for the activities – Nutri shops, Community kitchens, Nutrition gardens, Individual Household Latrines (IHHLs) and provision of Safe drinking water. The responsibility of integration of Environment Guidelines into HD plans lies with the Community Resource Person and the responsibility of Environment Appraisal of HD plans lies with the WASH person trained on EMF operating at cluster or mandal level. The environment guidelines are provided in chapter III and the checklist as Annexure 8. 4.3.3. Steps in Greening the Producer Group Business plans, KRuSHE proposals HD Plans and Environment Appraisal Greening of the Business plans involves three steps 1. Screening 2. Integrating Environment guidelines into the plans of value chains, KRuSHE marts & enterprises and HD Plans 3. Implementation of sustainability measures or environment friendly alternatives. Screening: Screening is done to ensure that no activity on the environmental negative list is taken up as part of the interventions. It should also assess the activities being proposed and ensure that the mitigatory measures provided in the EMF meet the requirements. The Legal and Regulatory Framework and the Do‟s and Don‟ts list (or negative list) will assist in screening. The negative list of activities is attached as Annexure 2. Integration of Environment Guidelines into PG Business plans and HD plans (Greening): Greening of the business plans, business proposals and HD plans is done by referring to the commodity or sector wise Environmental Guidelines for identifying the potential issues and mitigation measures (or sustainability measures) and environment friendly alternatives. The identified mitigation measures and environment friendly alternatives are integrated into the respective plans and proposals along with additional costs if any. All the relevant guidelines to aid in this exercise (list of negative activities, guidelines,) are provided in Annexure 2, 6 and 7. Any technical support for implementation of mitigation measures (training, convergence with main stream programmes etc.) will be provided by the Sector or commodity specific Support Organizations – technical agency/knowledge partner and the concerned thematic units in SERP. 61 Environmental Appraisal Environment Appraisal of Plans: Environmental Appraisal is the process of verifying whether the environment guidelines specified are duly integrated into the business plans of PGs by GCRPs, into KRuSHE business Proposals by CKCs (E) & (M) and into HD plans by HD teams – VIPs. An appraisal format will be provided to aid in this. The format is attached as Annexure 10. Environment Appraisal acts as one of the trigger for release of funds for the plans. Table 14: Responsibilities at different levels in integrating environment guidelines into business plans, proposals and HD plans and Environment Appraisal: Task Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Greening the Business plans, proposals and HD plans Producer Group The Producer The commodity Environment The technical Business Plans – Group (PG) will specific Spear Guidelines will be agency on the Rural Value be facilitated by Head Teams integrated into the specific Chains the Village (SHT) functioning value chains and commodity will Resource Person at cluster level implemented by also take part in (VRP) with provides support Producer Groups this process to support of to Producer Group with the support of provide necessary Community in developing the Green Community technical inputs. Resource Persons Business Activity Resource Persons (CRPs). Plans on Value (GCRPs) under the chains for the guidance of selected Extension commodities. Specialist (who is the anchor person for EMF at cluster level as part of SHT). Rural retails The KRuSHE Spear Head Teams chains – Business Marts will be and Knowledge - - proposals identified by partners will Community support in KRuSHE integration of the Consultants environment (CKCs) Marts (M) guidelines. who will consider environmental conditions (as provided in the Table 7) and integrates environment guidelines into the business proposals. 62 KRuSHE Spear Head Teams - - Enterprises will be and Knowledge identified by partners will Community support in KRuSHE integration of the Consultants environment (CKC) Enterprises guidelines. (E) integrating into the business proposals, the activity specific environment guidelines provided in Annexure 7. Human The village HD The WASH person - - Development plans are prepared from mandal HD plans by HD team and Community Technical Agency Resource Persons will support in (CRPs) and integration of Village Level environment Convergence guidelines. Committees (VLCC) s involving the PRI. A team of 2 CRPs will cover 5 villages in mandal. The environment guidelines are integrated by CRPs into HD plans. Environmental Appraisal Rural chains – The Business Productivity Environment State environment Business plans Plans will go Enhancement Appraisal, serves expert and through the expert, who as one of the Technical Agency process of operates at Supra trigger for release offers any required Environment District level is of the fund for guidance on Appraisal by responsible for any Producer Groups. appraisal process. „Extension guidance and Specialist‟ who monitoring the operates at Cluster appraisal. level as part of SHT. 63 Retail chains – The business - - State environment Business proposals proposals will be expert and environmentally Technical Agency appraised by offers any required Operation guidance on Specialist at appraisal process. District Level with support from Knowledge partner. The business State environment proposals for expert and KRuSHE Technical Agency Enterprises will go offers any required through guidance on Environmental appraisal process. Appraisal by Enterprise Promoter Operating at District Level. The knowledge partner will offer support in the same. HD plans The HD plans will Technical Agency - - go through the provides any process of required support. Environment Appraisal by the WASH person operating at cluster or mandal level. 4.3.4. Innovation forum or solution market place on Green Business Opportunities: Innovation forum on the 2 critical issues identified (Table: 13) and on emerging issues during implementation or in the new value chains proposed will be conducted within 6 months after the project inception as per the norms and standards decided under the project. The State Environment Expert has the responsibility of organizing the innovation forum. The selected Technical Agencies will provide technical guidance and hand holding support to the PGs in integrating Green Business Opportunities into the value chains. Based on the new issues that may emerge a second innovation forum can be conducted after 2nd year of the project inception (eg: integration of climate change adaptation into value chain activities). The inputs for ToR for the Technical Agencies is given in Annexure 11. 64 4.3.5. Green Audits and Third party certification for accessing premiums: As the business activity plans, business proposals and HD plans will start integrating environment guidelines and green business opportunities as part on innovation forum, the environmental benefits accrued will be measured with the help of green rating tools which will be developed under ICT component. Initially during year 1, the standards / criteria will be set by a technical agency. Green tools will be developed based on the criteria by the agency which will be used by the GCRPs, HD CRPs and CKCs and Extension Specialists, KRuSHE district teams and HD WASH person to rate the value chains and HD plans at every crop season or at half yearly intervals for HD plans. The State Environment Resource Agency will also conduct green audits once every year using the green rating tools. For the plans where the implementation of measures and guidelines is up to the desired level green rewards will be presented. The third party agency will certify the products from the value chains and provides endorsement which may help in accessing the premiums in market through green labeling. The authenticity of the product will be ensured through traceability mechanism which will be worked out with the help of third party technical agency. The third party certification will happen through green audits from year 2 or 3 onwards, once every year. The ToR for the technical Agency is given in Annexure 11. 4.4. Institutional Arrangements for Implementation of EMF: The following cadres will be responsible for implementing EMF at various levels with specified roles and responsibilities: Figure 2: Institutional arrangements for EMF implementation 4.4.1. At State level: State Environment Expert in Project Management Unit (PMU) will have the overall responsibility for implementation of EMF. A State Environment Resource Agency (SERA) will be hired for support in Capacity Building and Internal monitoring (green audits). The ToRs for State Environment Expert and SERA are attached as Annexure 11. 65 4.4.2. At Supra district or District level: For Value chains - Productivity Enhancement Expert positioned at Supra district or district level will have the responsibility of ensuring EMF implementation: Environment Appraisal of business plans and implementation Green business opportunities at respective district levels, Capacity Building cluster teams and monitoring. For retail Chains – for KRuSHE Marts, Operations Specialist at District level and for KRuSHE Enterprises, Enterprise Promoter at district level are responsible for EMF implementation: Environmental Appraisal of Business Proposals, capacity building cluster teams and monitoring. 4.4.3. At Cluster Level or Mandal level: Extension Specialist (ES) from the SHT has the responsibility of ensuring greening of all value chains by Green Community Resource Persons (GCRPs) and conducting environmental appraisal (and providing support in implementation of mitigation measures. The ES has the responsibility of capacity building and monitoring GCRPs. For KRuSHE proposals the CKCs (M&E) has the responsibility of greening the proposals or integrating environment guidelines. Environmental appraisal for K marts is done by Operation specialist and K Enterprises by Enterprise promoter. In case of HD plans HD CRPs will integrate environment guidelines and the WASH person from HD team will have the responsibility environmental appraisal of HD plans. 4.4.4. Technical support agencies: Value chains - Technical Agencies (TAs) selected through innovation forum will have the responsibility of providing required technical support in implementation of Green Business Opportunities or eco friendly alternatives on critical issues identified. Technical agencies will also be hired for setting standards for green rating and certification through audits. KRuSHE Marts and Enterprises – TAs will have the responsibility of providing necessary support on environment guidelines. HD component – TAs will have the responsibility of integrating EMF aspects into implementation plans and Capacity Building Programmes. The inputs for ToR for Techncial Agencies is given in Annexure 11. 4.4.5. Village Producer Group (VPG) Level: The GCRPs, CKCs and HD CRPs has the responsibility of integrating environment guidelines into the business plans by producer groups (greening the value chains) and KRuSHE Marts and Enterprises using the environment guidelines and integrating environment guidelines into HD plans. Table 15: EMF responsibilities at various levels Responsible EMF activities person/agency/group VPG level or village level Green Community Resource Greening the value chains (rural value chains and rural Persons (GCRPs) retail chains). Internal monitoring and village level. HD CRPs Plans or integrating environment guidelines into HD plans. 66 Community KRuSHE Internal monitoring and village level. Consultants (CKCs) – M, E Integrating Environment Guidelines into business proposals. Internal monitoring and village level. Value chains - Extension Facilitating greening the value chains. Specialist in the SHT Conducting Environmental Appraisal of the value chains and ensuring implementation of Environment Guidelines. HD - WASH person at Facilitating integration of Environment Guidelines into HD mandal level plans. Conducting Environment appraisal of HD plans. Ensuring implementation of environment guidelines. Cluster Level Rural Value Chains Overall responsibility of ensuring EMF implementation at Extension Specialist cluster level. Facilitating Capacity Building Programmes on EMF for GCRPs at cluster level and for Producer Groups at village level. Monitoring of EMF implementation in the cluster and feed back to the PMU at State level. Rural Retail Chains Overall responsibility of ensuring EMF implementation at (KRuSHE) – District Teams cluster level. Facilitating Capacity Building Programmes on EMF for CKCs at mandal level and for entrepreneurs at village level. Monitoring of EMF implementation in the cluster and feed back to the PMU at district and state levels. HD - WASH person at Overall responsibility of ensuring EMF implementation at mandal level cluster level. Facilitating Capacity building programmes on EMF for CRPs and Village organizations (VOs), VLCCs etc. Monitoring of EMF implementation at cluster level and feed back to PMU. Supra district level or district level Productivity Enhancement Overall responsibility of implementation of EMF in Rural expert Chains at respective district levels. Facilitating capacity building programmes for Extension Specialists at district or supra district level. Monitoring at district level and feed back to PMU. KRuSHE Marts - Overall responsibility of implementation of EMF in K Operations Specialist marts at respective district levels. Facilitating capacity building programmes for SHTs and CKCs Monitoring at district level and feed back to PMU. Overall responsibility of implementation of EMF in K KRuSHE Enterprises – Enterprises at respective district levels. Facilitating capacity building programmes for SHTs and 67 Enterprise Promoter CKCs Monitoring at district level and feed back to PMU. HD – Technical Agency Overall responsibility of implementation of EMF in HD component at respective district levels. Integrating EMF into capacity building programmes for WASH Person operating and mandal level at district or supra district level. Monitoring at district level and feed back to PMU. State Level State Environment Expert Overall responsibility of integration of EMF into Value chains and HD components. Organising innovation forums, solution market place. Organizing Capacity Building Programmes for Cluster level and supra district or district level teams. Monitoring the EMF Implementation across the state. Ensuring EMF related data management, consolidation and documentation. State Environment Resource Facilitating EMF implementation. Agency Developing EMF operational manual. Developing IEC material. Conducting Capacity Building Programmes at State level, and supporting at Supra district or district level and Cluster levels as per the CB plan. Monitoring the EMF implementation as per internal Monitoring Plan (yearly internal audits). Technical Agencies and Technical support and linkages for implementation of Knowledge Partners. Sustainability measures, environment friendly alternatives. Works in coordination with State Environment Expert and State Environment Resource Agency and district, mandal level teams. 4.5. Monitoring Strategy: Monitoring of EMF implementation will be done at two levels, internal and external. 4.5.1. Internal monitoring (green audits): During the implementation, the activities will be monitored for integration of mitigation (sustainability) measures or environment guidelines into business plans (rural value chains), business proposals (KRuSHE marts and enterprises) and HD plans. The monitoring will also focus on the systems and the capacities at all levels in the PMU for EMF implementation. Monitoring of EMF will be done by CRPs and CKCs at PG or village level (100% sample) respective cluster teams at Cluster level (25 activities per component for 3 components) and District teams at District level (12-15 activities) and State Environment Resource Agency at State Level (10 activities) and State Environment Expert at State level (10 activities). The monitoring will be done once every year. The internal monitoring will involve desk review of plans, field visits to producer groups and use 68 of green rating tools for the activities visited. This can be done as part of regular visits by village, cluster and district teams. Table 16: Monitoring sample and staff responsible: Monitoring aspect Level of monitoring Sample size Staff responsible (including all components or activities) Greening of Business Village level 100% Green CRPs, CKCs and HD plans, proposals and integration of Cluster or mandal 25 Extension Specialist for environment level value chains, Operations guidelines into HD Specialist for K Marts and plans. Enterprise promoter for K Enterprises CB person for Capacity Building for HD plans. project teams. District level 12-15 Productivity enhancement expert at relevant district level and for value chains and Technical Agency for HD plans. State level 10 State Environment Resource Agency State Environment Expert Implementation of Village level 100% Green CRPs, CKCs and HD Measures and CRPs Environment Cluster level 25 Extension Specialist for rural guidelines in value chains, district team for retail chains, KRuSHE chains and CB person for HD marts and Enterprises plans. and HD plans – District level 12-15 Productivity enhancement Measured through expert at relevant district Green rating tools. level for rural chains, district team for retail chains and Technical agency for HD plans. State level 10 State Environment Resource Agency State Environment Expert 4.5.2. External monitoring For Value Chains: External audits will be conducted by hiring a third party external agency once every year from year 2 or 3 onwards. 69 The methodology can be a combination of desk reviews (to check the management aspects) and extensive field visits (to check on technical aspects) and stakeholder interactions. Desk review of a sample of Business Plans and KRuSHE proposals will be conducted for a sample of the PGs and VOs. Green rating will be done after every audit against a pre set criteria developed by third party agency during year 1. A sample of 10% (or a selected number) of PGs of all commodities or sectors will be field visited as part of the external audit. The external audit will follow by certification of the products and setting up traceability mechanism for marketing as green products. For HD plans: External audits will be conducted by hiring an external agency along with value chains. The methodology involves desk review of HD plans and field visits to a sample (as decided by State environment Exert based on number at that time) of HD plans for verifying integration of environment guidelines. The staffing, Capacity Building aspects will also be evaluated. The key aspects that will be monitored and the monitoring indicators are given below: Table 17: Key aspects to be monitored and monitoring indicators: Key Aspects to be monitored Monitoring Indicators Value chains Compliance of project activities with Legal andPercentage of activities in compliance with Regulatory Framework legal and regulatory framework Implementation of Environment Guidelines. Number of PGs, KRuSHE Marts and KRuSHE Enterprises implementing Environment guidelines and rating as per green rating tool. Implementation of Environment friendly Number of PGs implementing Environment alternatives or Green Business Opportunities friendly alternatives or Green Business Opportunities Green rating of the value chains Percentage of value chains qualify under green rating. Internal Monitoring System and frequency of internal monitoring (green audits) Capacity Building of CRPs, CKCs and project The percentage of CRPs, CKCs and project staff at different levels staff at different levels (with EMF roles) underwent Capacity Building programmes. HD Plans Integration of environment guidelines into HD Percentage of HD Plans that have environment plans guidelines integrated Environment Appraisal of HD Plans Percentage of HD plans underwent EA Implementation of Environment Guidelines Percentage of HD plans with environment guidelines integrated. Capacity Building of CRPs and project staff at The percentage of CRPs and project staff different levels (WASH person at mandal level) underwent Capacity Building programmes. 70 4.6. Capacity Building Plan: Capacity building is required for the Project functionaries (VRP, Extension Specialist and Productivity Enhancement Expert, Operation Specialist and Enterprise promoter under KRuSHE), Green Community Resource Persons (GCRPs), HD CRPs, CKCs and Support Organisations or Technical Agencies or Knowledge Partners to execute the functions pertaining to the EMF in an efficient manner. The capacity building programmes will be conducted on regular basis both through integrating into the general induction training programmes (for all the staff under the project) as well as through focused training for relevant staff and project functionaries on the EMF. 4.6.1. Identification of Resource Agency: Resource Agency will be hired at the State level for conducting the capacity building programmes for project functionaries. Field level presence, working experience with community or SHGs, technical expertise will be considered while selecting the agencies. The responsibility of the Resource Agency includes:  Designing the Capacity Building modules (for project functionaries and CRPs, CKCs) and conducting the training programmes for project functionaries at state and district levels (which include cluster level staff as well). Support organizations or Technical Agencies or Knowledge Partners will also be part of district level trainings.  Development of IEC materials for the project functionaries and for CRPs, CKCs. 4.6.2. The Capacity Building Curriculum: The Capacity Building curriculum should include the following (the design and delivery of the modules will be according to the needs of target groups – Project functionaries and CRP, CKC and PGs.): EMF aspects:  Environmental issues in the context of livelihoods, health and sanitation  Purpose and components of EMF for the TRIGP  Greening rural value chains, retail chains and integrating guidelines into HD plans.  Environmental Appraisal process – screening, environmental appraisal  Implementation of environmental guidelines  Green ratings – standards and tools and green certification  Innovation forum and Green Business Opportunities  Institutional arrangements for EMF  Key aspects for monitoring of EMF in the TRIGP Thematic aspects:  Agriculture: importance of Sustainable Agriculture, commodity wise environmental interventions required in the value chain process.  Livestock: breed selection, fodder management, manure management, environmental interventions required in dairy value chain.  Climate Change Adaptation: impact of climate variabilities on crops and livestock, importance of adaptation measures etc.  KRuSHE: environment aspects in identified farm and nonfarm enterprises and environmental interventions required in KRuSHE Marts. 71  Environment guidelines for community kitchens and nutri shops, nutrition gardens, safe drinking water and sanitation interventions proposed.  Energy: use of renewable energy and fuel efficient devices in processing.  Infrastructure: environmental issues concerning location, construction and waste disposal. Guidelines for custom hiring centres.  Green standards and ratings under each theme. IEC material: The following IEC materials will be developed by the appointed State Environment Resource Agency.  A manual on Environment Management Framework outlining the process, and tools  Booklets on value chains for all commodities – Agriculture, Dairy and KRuSHE enterprises and marts.  Posters and calendars on environmental guidelines for various commodities (commodity wise posters)  Posters and calendars on sustainable dairy management  Posters and calendars in environmental aspects in farm and nonfarm enterprises, KRuSHE Marts  Posters and calendars on Water and Sanitation, Nutrtion gardens, Community kitchens, Nutri shops.  Videos of good practices – to be shown during PG meetings by GCRPs and in CRP trainings. 4.6.3. Capacity Building Plan The Capacity Building Plan is given below: State level: A state level orientation will be organized for PMU staff and support organizations (technical agencies, knowledge partners) on EMF. This will cover the purpose of the EMF, components, and procedures for environmental assessment, monitoring, capacity building and institutional arrangements. The state level Environment Expert is responsible for conducting the training programme. EMF will also be integrated into progress review meetings and other training or orientation programmes as per the requirement. Refresher programmes will be organized once every year. A state level training for Productivity Enhancement Experts functioning at Supra district or district levels will be organized once every year by the State Environment Resource Agency in coordination with State Environment Expert. A state level training for district KRuSHE teams (Operation Specialist and Enterprise promoter) will be organized once every year by State Environment Resource Agency in coordination with State Environment Expert. District Level: Value chains - 2-3 day district level training will be organized for the Extension Specialists on EMF, components, procedures for environmental assessment, monitoring, capacity building and institutional arrangements – with specific to rural value chains. Intensive trainings will be organized on relevant commodities with support of State Environment Resource Agency and respective Commodity Support 72 Organisations. The Productivity Enhancement Expert with support of the State environment Expert is responsible for organizing these trainings with support from district project management. Refresher trainings will be organized once every year. KRuSHE – district level trainings will be organized for the team of KRuSHE by district team (operation specialist of K marts and Enterprise Promoters of K Enterprises) on EMF aspects with support of SERA. HD – The WASH persons working at mandal levels will be trained at district level or Supra district level by the State Environment Resource Agency. Technical Agencies hired under HD component will be involved in this. Cluster Level: 2 day cluster level trainings will organized for Green Community Resource Persons (at district level depending on the number of GCRPs) on the respective sector or commodity. Refresher trainings are organised once every 6 months. The training for GCRPs are organized by Extension Specialist with support of Commodity Support Organisation and other institutes like KVKs, NGOs etc. Refresher trainings will be organized once every year. Training for CKCs is organized by district teams and knowledge partners at district level with support from State Environment Resource Agency. This is organized once every year. For HD CRPs cluster level trainings are organized once every year. The trainings are organized by the WASH Person at mandal level with support from Technical Agency. Village Level: 1-2 day training will be organized for the members of Producer Group at village level by GCRPs with support from Extension Specialist. Exposure visits to the Best practitioner farms and enterprises is part of this. Refresher trainings will be organized once every year. 1-2 day trainings are organized for KRuSHE entrepreneurs by CKCs at cluster or mandal level on EMF. 1 day trainings are organized by HD CRPs to the VLCC and VOs on EMF aspects of HD component once every year. WASH person will provide support for this. Knowledge exchange for GCRPs will be facilitated between villages and cluster through exposure visits etc. The exchange between states will also be facilitated, which will be theme based. 4.7. Time Line The following is the key time line proposed for the key activities under EMF. 73 Table 18: RIGP EMF Implementation Time line: S. No Task Responsibility Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 0-6 6-12 0-6 6-12 0-6 6-12 0-6 6-12 0-6 6-12 1 Hiring State State PMU Environment Resource Agency (SERA) 2 Developing EMF SERA manual and EA tools (including local versions) 3 Developing IEC SERA Materials and Training modules 4 State level SERA orientation programme – for PMU staff 4.a. State level SERA with orientations support from (refresher State programmes) Environment Expert. 5 State level orientation for Productivity enhancement experts, KRuSHE teams, Technical partners (under value chains, HD, KruSHE, seperatley) 74 5.a. Refresher training for Productivity enhancement experts 6 District level State PMU trainings for cluster (Environment or mandal teams expert with support from SERA, Support organizations) 6.a. Refresher trainings do for cluster or mandal teams at district level 7 Training programmes Value chains - for Green Extension Community Specialist Resource Persons KRuSHE - (GCRPs), HD CRPs, District teams CKCs HD - WASH person and TA, and SERA supervision 7.a. Refresher trainings do for GCRPs, CKCs, HD CRPs 8 Training Community Programmes for professionals Producer Groups, (GCRPs, KRuSHE CKCs, HD Enterprenuers, CRPs) with VLCCs, VOs support of Cluster level teams and Knowledge 75 partners, TAs 8.a. Refresher trainings for Prodcuer Groups KRuSHE Enterprenuers, VLCCs, VOs 9 Innovation forum on Green Business Opportunities (GBOs) and hiring technical agencies for support on critical issues through implementation of GBOs 10 Setting up green standards for value chain products with help of third party agency and developing green rating tools with support from ICT unit. 11 Internal Monitoring State (green audits using Environment green rating tools) Expert, SERA, Project staff CRPs, and CKCs (independently , specified sample). 12 External Monitoring 76 followed by endorsement and setting traceability mechanism 13 Documentation, final report 77 4.8. Budget Estimate (tentative): The overall budget for EMF implementation is estimated to be Rs. 3, 70, 60,000 (rupees three crore seventy lakh sixty thousand only). The breakup is provided in the table below: Table 19: Budget requirements for implementation of EMF Head Unit cost (Rs.) Total Cost Staff at State and Clusters Rs. 40,000 per month for a period of 25,00,000 1 State Environment. 50 months. (yearly hike as per SERP norms in 2,50,000 lumpsum for 5 yrs) 1 Productivity Enhancement Integrated into Expert at district or supra overall project district level. staffing costs. Extension Specialist at Cluster level. Costs of State Environment Resource Agency Staff costs I Team leader (part time) Rs. 30,000 per month for a period of 10,80,000 36 months. 2 Team members (full time) Rs. 20,000 per month for a period of 21,60,000 54 months for 2 persons. IEC material development Lumpsum (including printing). 20,00,000 (manual on environmental assessment, booklets, posters, video documentation of best practices etc.) State level orientation for Logistics by PMU (material costs etc. 50,000 PMU staff and yearly by SERA). refresher programmes Rs. 10,000 per orientation for 5 programmes. State level training for 50,000 per programme for 5 2, 50,000 Productivity enhancement programmes. experts KRuSHE teams (district 50,000 per programme for 5 2,50,000 level) programmes Training of at extension Rs. 20,000 per district for 9 districts 1,80,000 specialists at district or (logistics by the project management cluster levels for Cluster at district or cluster level) teams HD mandal level staff Rs. 25,000 per batch for 3 batches - 75,000 (supra district level) for WASH persons from 150 mandals. Refresher trainings at Rs. 15,000 per district for 9 districts 4,05,000 district or cluster level for 3 rounds (3 years) (logistics by the project management) 78 Internal monitoring Rs. 10,000 per district per monitoring 3,60,000 visit for 9 districts for 4 rounds of monitoring visits Administration, reporting, Lumpsum 10,00,000 documentation and other miscellaneous charges External agency costs (technical agencies) Technical agency for setting Lumpsum 50,00,000 up green standards for products and developing green tools Technical agencies for Lump sum (approximate) 1,00,00,000 green business opportunities Rs. 25,00,000 per agency for 4 (on 4 critical environmental agencies issues) External monitoring Costs of External Rs. 25,00,000 per monitoring for 4 1,00,00,000 Monitoring and certification monitoring studies and certification. by third party agency Other costs Other costs of GCRP and To be integrated into the project VPG Trainings and implementation costs as it can be done monitoring by Project teams as part of regular training (internal audits by GCRPs, programmes. Cluster and district teams). Software development for To be integrated under ICT Green rating tools and component. traceability mechanism, purchase of tablets etc. Costs on the infrastructure To be integrated into value chain costs (energy and water efficient or PG fund or Innovation forum. equipment for processing) Total 3,55,60,000 Contingency 15,00,000 Total 3,70,60,0000 79 Annexures 80 Annexure 1 List of TRIGP Mandals: S. No. Telangana District Mandal Asifabad 1. 2. Bazarhathnoor Bejjur 3. 4. Bela 5. Bhainsa 6. Bheemini Boath 7. 8. Dahegaon 9. Gudihathnur 10. Ichoda Adilabad Inderavelly 11. 12. Jainoor 13. Jaipur Kerameri 14. Kotapalle 15. 16. Kouthala 17. Kubeer Kuntala 18. 19. Narnoor 20. Nennal 81 21. Neradigonda 22. Rebbana 23. Sirpur (T) Sirpur (U) 24. 25. Talamadugu 26. Tamsi 27. Tiryani Utnur 28. Vemanpalle 29. 30. Wankdi Kataram 31. Kodimial 32. 33. Konaraopeta 34. Mahadevpur Karimnagar 35. Malharrao Mutharam Mahadevpur 36. 37. Saidapur 38. Yella Reddi Peta Bayyaram 39. 40. Bhadrachalam 41. Burgampahad Khammam 42. Chandrugonda Cherla 43. 44. Chintur 82 45. Dummugudem 46. Enkuru 47. Gundala Julurpad 48. 49. Kamepalle 50. Kukunoor 51. Kunavaram Madhira 52. 53. Manuguru 54. Mulakalapalle 55. Pinapaka Singareni 56. 57. Tekulapalle Vararamachandrapuram 58. 59. Velairpad Venkatapuram 60. 61. Wazeed 62. Yellandu Achampeta 63. 64. Amangal 65. Mahabubnagar Amrabad 66. Medak Balanagar Balmoor 67. 68. Bijinapalle 83 69. Bomraspeta 70. Damaragidda 71. Doulatabad Ghattu 72. 73. Itikyal 74. Kodair 75. Kodangal Kondurg 76. 77. Lingal 78. Madgul 79. Makthal Maldakal 80. 81. Manopadu 82. Narva 83. Nawabpet Peddakothapalle 84. 85. Tadoor Talakondapalle 86. Telkapalle 87. 88. Thimmajipeta 89. Uppununthala 90. Utkoor Vangoor 91. 92. Veldanda 84 Alladurg 93. 94. Doulthabad 95. Kalher Kangti 96. Kohir 97. 98. Kondapur 99. Kowdipalli Manoor 100. 101. Narayankhed 102. Raikode 103. Regode Tekmal 104. Chandam Pet 105. 106. Chintha Palle 107. Chivvemla Dameracherla 108. Devarakonda 109. 110. Gundla Palle Nalgonda Gurrampode 111. 112. Nampalle 113. Narayanapur 114. Nuthankal Pedda Adiserla Palle 115. 116. Peddavura 85 117. Thirumalgiri Bichkunda 118. 119. Gandhari Jukkal 120. Nizamabad 121. Machareddy 122. Sirkonda Tadwai 123. Bantaram 124. 125. Basheerabad 126. Doma 127. Gandeed Ranga Reddy Kandukur 128. 129. Kulkacharla 130. Mominpet 131. Peddemul Yacharam 132. Chennaraopet 133. 134. Devaruppula Dornakal 135. 136. Eturnagaram Warangal 137. Gudur 138. Kodakandla Kothagudem 139. 140. Kuravi 86 141. Mahabubabad 142. Mangapet 143. Maripeda Mulug 144. 145. Narmetta 146. Narsimhulapet 147. Nekkonda Nellikudur 148. 149. Raghunatha Palle 150. Tadvai 87 Annexure 2 Negative list of activities that cannot be carried as part of Activities under TRIGP: The activities listed below should not be taken as part of TRIGP as they would contravene the laws and regulations of the State Government, Government of India as well as Safeguard Polices of the World Bank. Such activities should not be supported under the TRIGP. The list provided below should serve as checklist while approving the value chains proposed by producer groups, federations. Agriculture:  Digging of irrigation tube well without taking required permission from the relevant authority at mandal level will not be supported  Digging of tube well (except for public drinking purpose) in an area identified as an „over- exploited groundwater basin‟ will not be supported.  Digging of irrigation tube well within a distance of 250 meters from the nearest tube well will not be supported.  Digging of tube well within 250 meters distance of a drinking water source cannot be done without permission from authority. And the well cannot be used with a power driven pump, without permission from TSTRANSCO.  Purchase, stock, sale, distribution or exhibition of the following pesticides will not be supported: o pesticides classified in Class Ia, Ib and II of WHO classification; o pesticides banned by the Government of India; o pesticides banned by the State Government  Purchase, stock, sale, distribution or exhibition of pesticides and chemical fertilizers will not be supported without the requisite licenses. Food processing and Small Scale cottage industries:  Activities involving discharge into any water body any industrial waste, sewerage or other polluting substance will not be supported.  Any industrial activity (related to food processing or cottage industries) will not be supported without requisite permission from the State Pollution Control Board.  Fruit and vegetable product manufacturing units are not allowed without license Livestock:  Grazing of livestock in forest areas without taking required permission from the Forest Department will not be supported. However traditional forest dwellers have access to grazing areas, pastoralist routes as per the Scheduled Tribes and other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006.  Grazing of livestock that are not vaccinated in forest areas will not be supported. Forests and Wildlife  Activities that involve use of forest land for non-forest purposes without the permission of the Forest Department will not be supported. 88  Extraction, transport, processing, sale of forest produce including non timber forest produce without taking required permission from the Forest Department will not be supported. However traditional forest dwellers have access as per the Scheduled Tribes and other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006.  Felling of trees without taking required permission from the Forest Department will not be supported.  Setting up of saw mills or any other timber processing mills without the permission of the Forest Department will not be supported.  Activities that involve destruction of wildlife or of wildlife habitat will not be supported.  Clearing, kindling fire, damaging trees (felling, girdling, lopping, topping, burning, stripping bark and leaves), quarrying stone, etc., in reserved and protected forests will not be supported. Sand mining:  Wherever coal based thermal power plants are in operation, all constructions within a radius of 10 kilometres shall be taken up with bricks made only of fly ash.  Sand mining shall not be carried out within 500 metres of any existing structure (such as bridges, dams, weirs, or any other cross drainage structure) and within 500 metres of any groundwater extraction structures (either for irrigation or drinking water purposes).  Sand mining shall not be permitted in I, II and III order streams except for local use in villages or towns bordering the stream. Transportation of sand from these notified I, II and III order streams through mechanical means out of the local jurisdiction shall be banned. In IV order streams, sand mining shall be restricted to specified areas. In V order and above rivers (eg: Godavari, Krishna, Penna) sand mining may be permitted without affecting existing irrigation, drinking water or industrial uses.  Sand mining shall not be permitted within 15 metres or 1/5th of the width of the stream bed from the bank, whichever is more.  In streams and rivers where the thickness of sand is quite good (more than 8 metres), the depth of removal may be extended up to 2 metres. Sand mining shall not be permitted in streams where the thickness of sand deposition is less than 2 metres. In minor streams, where the thickness of sand deposition is more than 3 metres and less than 8 metres, the depth of removal of sand shall be restricted to one metre. Sand mining shall be restricted to depths above the water table recorded during monsoon and in no case shall effect/disturb the water table. Any other Activities with Significant Adverse Environmental Impact: Activities that are likely to have significant adverse environmental impacts that are irreversible, diverse, or unprecedented, with impacts that may affect an area broader than the site of the activity are not to be supported. 89 Annexure 3 List of Prohibited Dyes: LIST OF 42 BENZIDINE BASED DYES PROHIBITED FROM 1993 S.No. CI Generic Name CI Constn. No. 1. Acid Orange 45 22195 2. Acid Red 85 22245 3. Acid Black 29 - 4. Acid Black 94 30336 5. Azoic Diazo Compo.112 37225 6. Direct Yellow 1 22250 7. Direct Yellow 24 22010 8. Direct Orange 1 22370 9. Direct Orange 8 22130 10. Direct Red 1 22310 11. Direct Red 10 22145 12. Direct Red 13 22153 13. Direct Red 17 22150 14. Direct Red 28 22120 15. Direct Red 37 22240 16. Direct Red 44 22500 17. Direct Violet 1 22570 18. Direct Violet 12 22550 19. Direct Violet 22 22480 20. Direct Blue 2 22590 21. Direct Blue 6 22610 22 Direct Green 1 30280 23. Direct Green 6 30295 24. Direct Green 8 30315 25. Direct Green 8:1 -- 26. Direct Brown 1 30045 27. Direct Brown 1:2 30110 28. Direct Brown 2 22311 29. Direct Brown 6 30140 30. Direct Brown 25 36030 31. Direct Brown 27 31725 32. Direct Brown 31 35660 33. Direct Brown 33 35520 34. Direct Brown 51 31710 35. Direct Brown 59 22345 36. Direct Brown 79 30056 37. Direct Brown 95 30145 90 38. Direct Brown 101 31740 39. Direct Brown 154 30120 40. Direct Black 4 30245 41. Direct Black 29 22580 42. Direct Black 38 30235 LIST OF 70 AZO DYES PROHIBITED FROM JUNE 1997. S.No. CI Generic Name CI Constn. No. 1 Acid Red 4 14710 2 Acid Red 5 14905 3 Acid Red 24 16140 4 Acid Red 26 16150 5 Acid Red 73 27290 6 Acid Red 114 23635 7 Acid Red 115 27200 8 Acid Red 116 26660 9 Acid Red 128 24125 10 Acid Red 148 26665 11 Acid Red 150 27190 12 Acid Red 158 20530 13 Acid Red 167 -- 14 Acid Red 264 18133 15 Acid Red 265 18129 16 Acid Red 420 -- 17 Acid Voilet 12 18075 18 Acid Brown 415 -- 19 Acid Black 131 -- 20 Acid Black 132 -- 21 Acid Black 209 -- 22 Basic Red 111 -- 23 Basic Red 42 -- 24 Basic Brown 4 21010 25 Developer 14 = Oxidation Base 20 76035 26 Direct Yellow 48 23660 27 Direct Orange 6 23375 28 Direct Orange 7 23380 29 Direct Orange 10 23370 30 Direct Orange 108 29173 31 Direct Red 2 23500 32 Direct Red 7 24100 33 Direct Red 21 23560 34 Direct Red 22 23565 35 Direct Red 24 29185 36 Direct Red 26 29190 37 Direct Red 39 23630 38 Direct Red 46 23050 91 39 Direct Red 62 29175 40 Direct Red 67 23505 41 Direct Red 72 29200 42 Direct Violet 21 23520 43 Direct Blue 1 24410 44 Direct Blue 3 23705 45 Direct Blue 8 24140 46 Direct Blue 9 24155 47 Direct Blue 10 24340 48 Direct Blue 14 23850 49 Direct Blue 15 24400 50 Direct Blue 22 24280 51 Direct Blue 25 23790 52 Direct Blue 35 24145 53 Direct Blue 53 23860 54 Direct Blue 76 24411 55 Direct Blue 151 24175 56 Direct Blue 160 -- 57 Direct Blue 173 -- 58 Direct Blue 192 -- 59 Direct Blue 201 -- 60 Direct Blue 215 24115 61 Direct Blue 295 23820 62 Direct Green 85 30387 63 Direct Blue 222 30368 64 Direct Black 91 30400 65 Direct Black 154 -- 66 Disperse Yellow 7 26090 67 Disperse Yellow 23 26070 68 Disperse Yellow 56 -- 69 Disperse Orange 149 -- 70 Disperse Red 151 26130 92 Annexure 4 Classification of Industries for Consent Management: List of Industries under 'Green' Category 1. Assembling of Acid lead battery (upto 10 batteries per day excluding lead plate casting) 2. Aluminium utensils from aluminium circles 3. Assembly of air coolers / conditioners, repairing and servicing 4. Assembly of bicycles, baby carriage and other small non-motorised vehicles 5. Automobile fuel outlet (only dispensing) 6. Ayurvedic and Homeopathic medicine (without boiler) 7. Bailing (hydraulic press) of waste papers 8. Bakery / Confectionery / Sweets production (with production capacity < 1 TPD with oil, gas or electrical oven) 9. Bio-fertiliser & bio-pesticide, without using inorganic chemicals 10. Biomass Briquettes (sun drying) without using toxic or hazardous wastes 11. Biscuit trays etc., from rolled PVC sheet (using automatic vaccum forming machine) 12. Blending and packaging of Tea 13. Blending of melamine resins & different powder, additives by physical mixing 14. Block making for printing without foundry (excluding wooden block making) 15. Brass & Bell metal utensils manufacturing from circle (without re-rolling facility) 16. Candy 17. Cardboard or corrugated box and paper products (excluding paper or pulp manufacturing and without using boiler) 18. Carpentry and wooden furniture manufacturing (excluding Saw Mill) with the help of electrical (motorized) machines such as electric wood planner, steel saw cutting circular blade etc. 19. Cement products (without using Asbestos) like pipe, pillar, jafri, well ring, blocks / tiles etc. (should be done under closed covered shed to control fugitive emissions) 20. Ceramic colour manufacturing (not using boiler and wastewater recycling process) 21. Chalk making from plaster of Paris 22. Chilling plant and ice making without use of ammonia 23. Coated electrode manufacturing 24. Compact disc, computer floppy & cassette manufacturing 25. Compressed oxygen gas from crude liquid oxygen 26. CO2 recovery 27. Cotton and woolen hosiery making (SSI & cottage industries) 28. Cotton spinning & weaving (small scale) 29. Decoration of ceramic cups & plates by electric furnace 30. Diesel Generator sets (15 KVA to 1 MVA) 31. Diesel pump repairing & servicing 32. Distilled water 33. Electric lamp (bulb) manufacturing (small scale) 34. Electrical & electronic items assembling 35. Flavoured bettle nut production / grinding 36. Flour mills (dry process) 93 37. Fly ash bricks / blocks manufacturing 38. Fountain pen manufacturing 39. Glass ampules & vials making from glass tubes 40. Glass putty and sealant 41. Glass, ceramic, earthen potteries and tile manufacturing using electrical kiln or not involving fossil fuel kilns 42. Gold and silver smithy (purification with acid, smelting operating and sulfuric acid polishing operation) (using less than or equal to 1 litre of Sulphuric Acid / Nitric Acid per month. 43. Groundnut decorticating (dry) 44. Handloom / carpet weaving (without dyeing and bleaching operation) 45. Hotels (upto 20 rooms) 46. Insulation and other coated papers (excluding paper or pulp manufacturing) manufacturing. 47. Jobbing and machining 48. Leather cutting and stitching (more than 10 machines and using motor) 49. Leather footwear and leather products (excluding tanning and hide processing) (except cottage scale). 50. Lubricating oils, greases or petroleum based products (only blending at normal temperature) 51. Manufacturing of coir items from coconut husk 52. Manufacturing of metal caps, containers, etc. 53. Manufacturing of optical lenses (using electrical furnace) 54. Manufacturing of pasted veneers without using boiler or Thermic Fluid Heater or by sun drying 55. Manufacturing of shoe brush & wire brush 56. Manufacturing of silica gel (without furnace) 57. Medical oxygen 58. Mineralized water 59. Oil mill ghani & extraction (no hydrogenation / refining) 60. Organic and inorganic nutrients (by physical mixing) 61. Organic manure (manual mixing) 62. Paints and varnishes (mixing and blending) without ball mill 63. Packing of powdered mill 64. Paper pins and U –clips 65. Phenyl / Toilet cleaner formulation & Bottling 66. Reel manufacturing 67. Polythene & plastic processed products manufacturing (virgin plastics) 68. Poultry, hatchery, Piggery. 69. Power looms (without dyeing and bleaching) 70. Printing press 71. Puffed rice (muri) (using oil, gas or electrical heating system) 72. Ready mix cement concrete 73. Reprocessing of waste cotton 74. Rope (Cotton & Plastic) 75. Rubber goods industry (with baby boiler only) 76. Scientific and mathematical instruments manufacturing 77. Soap manufacturing (Handmade without steam boiling) 78. Solar module (Non conventional energy apparatus) manufacturing unit 79. Solar power generation through solar photovoltaic cell, wind power & mini hydel power (<25 MW) 80. Spice grinding (<20 HP motor) 81. Steel furniture without spray painting 82. Steeping and processing of grains 83. Surgical and medical products not involving effluent / emission generating processes. 94 84. Synthetic detergent formulation 85. Teflon based products 86. Tyres and tubes re-treading (without boiler) List of Industries under 'Orange' Category 1. Almirah, Grill Manufacturing 2. Aluminium and copper extraction from scrap using oil fired furnace 3. Automobile servicing, repairing and painting (excluding only fuel dispensing) 4. Ayurvedic and Homeopathic medicine 5. Bakery & confectionery units with production capacity >1 TPD 6. Biaxially oriented PP film along with metalising operation 7. Brickfields (excluding fly ash brick manufacturing using lime process) 8. Building & construction projects more than 20,000 sqm built up area 9. Cashew nut processing 10. Chanachur and ladoo from puffed and beaten rice (muri and chira) using husk fired oven 11. Chilling plant, cold storage and ice making 12. Coffee seed processing 13. Coke briquetting (sun drying) 14. Cotton spinning and weaving (medium and large scale) 15. Cutting , sizing and polishing of marble stones 16. Dairy and dairy products (small scale) (capital investment on plant & machinery 1 MVA but < 5 MVA 19. Digital printing on PVC cloth 20. Dismantling of rolling stocks (wagons / coaches) 21. Dry cell battery (excluding manufacturing of electrodes) & assembling & charging of acid lead battery in micro scale [ < Rs. 25 lakhs] 22. Emery powder (fine dust of sand) manufacturing 23. Engineering and fabrication units (with investment on plant & machineries < Rs.10 crores) 24. Excavation of Sand from the river bed (excluding manual excavation) 25. Facility of handling, storage and transportation of food grains in bulk. 26. Fertilizer (granulation and formulation only) 27. Fish feed, poultry feed and cattle feed 28. Fish processing and packaging (excluding chilling of fish) 29. Foam manufacturing 30. Food & food processing including fruits & vegetable processing 31. Forging of ferrous & non-ferrous metal (using oil or gas fired boilers) 32. Formulation / palletization of camphor tablets, naphthalene balls from camphor / naphthalene powders. 33. Glass, Ceramic, Earthen Potteries and Tile manufacturing, using oil or gas fired Kiln, Coating on glasses using Cerium Fluoride, Magnesium Fluoride etc. 34. Glue from starch (physical mixing) 35. Gravure printing, digital printing on flex, vinyl 36. Heat treatment using oil fired furnaces (excluding cyaniding) 37. Hotels (less than 3 star) or hotels having >20 rooms and less than 100 rooms 38. Ice cream 39. Infrastructure development project 40. Jute processing without dyeing 41. Liquid floor cleaner, black phenyl, liquid soap, glycerol monostearate manufacturing. 95 42. Manufacture of mirror from sheet glass 43. Manufacturing of Iodized Salt from Crude / Raw Salt 44. Manufacturing of mosquito repellent coil 45. Manufacturing of tooth powder, toothpaste, talcum powder and other cosmetic items 46. Mechanized laundry using oil fired boiler 47. Modular wooden furniture from particle board, MDF, swan timber etc., Ceiling tiles / partition board from saw dust, wood chips etc. & other agricultural waste using synthetic adhesive resin, wooden box making. 48. Packing materials manufacturing from non asbestos fibre, vegetable fibre yarn 49. Paint blending & mixing (Ball mill) 50. Pharmaceutical formulation and for R & D purpose (for sustained release / extended release of drugs only and not for commercial purpose) 51. Plyboard manufacturing (including vineer & laminate) with oil fired boiler / thermic fluid heater (without resin plant) 52. Potable alcohol (IMFL) by blending, bottling of alcoholic products (capital investment on plant & machinery < Rs. 1.0 crore). 53. Power press 54. Printing ink manufacturing 55. Printing or etching of glass sheet, using hydrofluoric acid 56. Producer gas plant using conventional up-drift coal gasification (linked to rolling mills, glass and ceramic industry, refractories for dedicated fuel supply) 57. Pulverization of bamboo and scrap wood 58. Repairing of electric motor & generator 59. Reprocessing of waste plastic (excluding PVC) 60. Rice mill less than 10 TPD & rice hullers 61. Rolling mill (oil or gas fired) and cold rolling mill 62. Saw mill 63. Seasoning of wood in steam heated chamber 64. Silk screen printing, saree printing by wooden blocks 65. Spice grinding (> 20 HP motor) 66. Spray painting, paint baking, paint stripping 67. Tamarind powder manufacturing 68. Tea processing 69. Thermocol manufacturing 70. Thermometer making 71. Transformer repairing / manufacturing 72. Tyres and tubes vulcanization / hot retreading 73. Wire drawing & wire netting. List of Industries under 'Red' Category 1. Airport and Commercial Air Strips 2. Aluminium smelter 3. Asbestos and asbestos based industries 4. Automobiles Manufacturing (Integrated facilities) 5. Basic chemicals and electro chemicals and its derivatives including manufacture of acids 6. Ceramic, Refractories 7. Cement 8. Chlor Alkali 96 9. Chlorates, perchlorates and peroxides 10. Chlorine, fluorine, bromine, iodine, and their compounds 11. Coal washeries 12. Copper smelter 13. Coke making, liquefaction, coal tar distillation or fuel gas making 14. Common Treatment and disposal facilities (CETP, TSDF, E- Waste recycling, CBMWTF, Effluent conveyance project, incinerators, Solvent / Acid recovery plant, MSW sanitary landfill sites, STP). 15. Distillery including Fermentation industry 16. Dyes and Dye-intermediates 17. Dry coal processing / mineral processing, industries involving ore sintering, palletisation, grinding, pulverization. 18. Emulsion of oil & water 19. Fermentation industry including manufacture of yeast, beer, distillation of alcohol (ENA) 20. Fertilizer (basic) (excluding formulation) 21. Ferrous and Non Ferrous metal extraction involving different furnaces through melting, refining, reprocessing, casting and alloy making. 22. Fibre glass production and processing (excluding moulding) 23. Fire crackers manufacturing and bulk storage facilities 24. Flakes from rejected PET bottle 25. Fly ash export, transport and disposal facilities. 26. Health care establishment (as defined in BMW Rules) 27. Heavy engineering including Ship Building (with investment on Plant & Machineries more than Rs. 10 crores) 28. Hot mix plants 29. Hotels (3 Star & above) and Hotels having 100 rooms and above. 30. Hydrocyanic acid and its derivatives. 31. Industrial carbon including electrodes and graphite blocks, activated carbon, carbon black. 32. Industrial estates / parks/complexes / areas / export processing zones/ SEZs / Biotech parks/ leather complex 33. Industrial inorganic gases namely: a) Chemical gases, Acetylene, hydrogen, chlorine, fluorine, ammonia, sulphur dioxide, ethylene, hydrogen sulphide, phosphine b) Hydrocarbon gases, Methane, ethane, propane 34. Industries engaged in recycling / reprocessing / recovery / reuse of Hazardous Waste under Schedule IV of Hazardous Waste (M,H & TBM) Rules, 2008 and its amendments. 35. Industry or process involving foundry operations. 36. Industry or process involving metal surface treatment or process such as pickling / plating / electroplating / paint stripping / heat treatment / phosphating or finishing and anodizing / enameling / galvanizing. 37. Iron and Steel (involving processing from ore / integrated steel plants and or Sponge Iron Units. 38. Isolated storage of Hazardous Chemicals (as per schedule of Manufacture, Storage & Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989 as amended) 39. Lead Acid battery manufacturing (excluding assembling & charging of acid lead battery in micro scale (< Rs. 25 lakhs) 40. Lime manufacturing (using Lime Kiln) 41. Manufacturing of Explosives, detonators, fuses including management and handling activities. 42. Manufacturing of Glass 43. Manufacturing of Glue and gelatin 44. Manufacturing of Lubricating oils, greases or petroleum based products 45. Manufacturing of Paints, Varnishes, pigments and intermediate (excluding blending / mixing) 97 46. Manufacturing of Starch / Sago 47. Milk processing and dairy products (integrated project) 48. Mineral stack yards / Railway sidings 49. Mining and ore benification 50. New Highway construction projects 51. Non alcoholic beverage (soft drinks) & bottling of alcoholic / non-alcoholic products (capital investment on plant & machinery > Rs. 1 crore) 52. Nuclear Power Plants 53. Oil & Gas extraction including CBM (offshore & onshore extraction through drilling wells) 54. Oil and gas transportation pipeline 55. Oil Refinery (Mineral Oil or Petro Refineries) 56. Organic chemicals manufacturing 57. Parboiled rice mills (more than 10 TPD) 58. Pesticides (Technical) (excluding Formulation) 59. Petrochemicals (Manufacture of and not merely use of as raw material) 60. Pharmaceuticals (excluding formulation) 61. Pulp and Paper (paper manufacturing with or without pulping) 62. Phosphate rock processing plant 63. Phosphorous and its compounds 64. Photographic films and its chemicals 65. Ports & Harbours, Jetties and Dredging operations 66. Power Generation Plants (except Wind, Solar and Mini Hydel Power plants of capacity <25 MW) and D.G. set of capacity > 5 MVA. 67. Processes involving chlorinated hydrocarbons. 68. Railway Locomotive workshops / Integrated Road Transport workshop / Authorised service centres. 69. Reprocessing of used oils and waste oils 70. Ship breaking activities 71. Slaughter houses (as per the notification S.O.270 (E), dated 26.03.2001) and meat processing industries, bone mill, processing of animal horns, hoofs and other body parts. 72. Steel and steel products using various furnaces like blast furnaces / open hearth furnace / induction furnace / arc furnace/ submerged arc furnace / basic oxygen furnace / hot rolling using reheating furnaces 73. Stone crushers 74. Sugar (excluding Khandsari) 75. Surgical and medical products involving prophylactics and latex 76. Synthetic detergents and soaps (excluding formulation) 77. Synthetic fibres including rayon, tyre cord, polyester filament yarn 78. Synthetic resins 79. Synthetic rubber excluding molding 80. Tanneries 81. Thermal power plants 82. Tobacco products including cigarettes and tobacco / opium processing 83. Vegetable oils including solvent extraction and refinery / hydrogenated oils 84. Yarn / textile processing involving any effluent / emission generating process, bleaching, dyeing, printing and scouring 85. Zinc smelter Note: Any industry / industrial activity which is not covered in above list having Coal fired Boiler with stream generation capacity more than 5 T/hr will be covered under Red Category 98 Note: The industry which do not fall any of the above mentioned three categories (i.e. Red/Orange/Green), decision with regard to their categorisation will be taken by a committee at Head. Office level comprising of the Member Secretary and two senior offices of the Board/Committee. 99 Annexure 5 Pesticides mentioned in the WHO list that are commonly used in the agricultural subprojects along with their trade names: Pesticides falling under class Ia: Extremely hazardous, not permitted for use in the project Pesticide Trade name Aldicarb Temik Parathion Folidol, Ekatox, Thiophos Parathion methyl Metacid Phorate Thimmet Phosphamidon Dimecron Pesticides falling under class Ib: Highly hazardous, not permitted for use in the project Pesticide Trade name Carbofuran Furadan, Thimmet Dichlorovas Nuvan Monocrotophos Nuvacron Warfarin - Zinc phosphide - Pesticides falling under class II: Hazardous, not permitted for use in the project Pesticide Trade name Cypermethrin Cymbush Alpha cypermethrin - Endosulfan Thiodon Fenithrothion - Fenvalerate Sumicidin Carbaryl Sevin Gamma HCH BHC Imidacloprid - Permethrin Ambush Chlorpyrifos Dursban Quinalphos Ekalux Pesticides falling under class III: Permitted for use in the project along with Integrated Pest Management Practices Pesticide Trade name Acephate Orthene, Dimethoate, Rogar Allethrin Pynamin Isoproturon Malathion Sulphur 100 Annexure 6 Rural chains - Commodity Wise Environment Guidelines 1. Paddy: Overview of Paddy in Andhra Pradesh (erstwhile): Rice is the Principal food crop cultivated throughout the state of Andhra Pradesh. In AP rice is mostly cultivated under irrigated eco-system under canals (52%), tube wells (19.31%) tanks (16.2%), other wells (8.8%) and other sources (3.7%). In AP rice productivity is 3333 kg/ha compared to 2001 kg/ha (India) and 4112 kg/ha (world). Rice productivity is highest in Nellore district (4473 kg/ha) followed by East Godavari (4028 kg/ha), West Godavari (3928 kg/ha) and lowest in Vishakhapatnam (2075 kg/ha). The crop is grown in three ecosystems viz., irrigated ecosystem (50.6%), rain fed low land (43.8%) and rain fed uplands (5.6%).4 Interventions in Paddy in TRIGP: Around 37,111 farmers cultivating paddy in 48, 269 acres are targeted by TRIGP to produce paddy in sustainable manner. The interventions include productivity enhancement, value addition and certification. Paddy value chains are proposed in the districts Adilabad, Karimnagar, Nizamabad and Khammam in 52 mandals. RIGP will invest in Paddy value chains starting from Productivity enhancement to value addition and marketing. Potential Environmental issues and Environment friendly alternatives in the Paddy value chain: Activity in the Possible issues Interventions, Best practices value chain Interventions for Productivity Enhancement Varietal selection Varieties not suitable to local Varieties suitable to the local climatic conditions environmental conditions may and environment should be selected. not respond well and increase The list of recommended varieties for the cost of pest and disease different zones of Andhra Pradesh (erstwhile) is management. attached as – Annexe1. Method of Long periods of flooding rice System of Rice Intensification (SRI) can be taken cultivation (with fields results in Methane up under bore well irrigated areas – Most of the respect to emission which is green house area under the proposed mandals falls under bore irrigation and gas playing key role in global well irrigated areas. water use) warming. Flood irrigation increases the use of precious water 4 Status paper on Rice in Andhra Pradesh, Dr. C. Cheralu (Rice Breeding), viewed at http://www.rkmp.co.in/sites/default/files/ris/rice-state-wise/Rice%20State%20Wise%20Andhra%20Pradesh_0.pdf on 15th March 2014. 101 resources and in ground water irrigated areas it also increases the energy consumption for pumping ground water. This leads to over exploitation of ground water. Application of urea under flood conditions leads to Application of Azolla / Nadep compost under SRI Nitrous oxide emissions method to supply nitrogen in place of urea. Cropping pattern Continuous mono cropping of It is advisable to follow a Rice-Legume rotation paddy may lead to depletion of pattern of cropping so as to maintain the quality similar kind of nutrients from of soil for a long time. the soil which in turn would lead to decreased productivity in long term. In irrigated areas of Andhra Pradesh rice is grown in Rice- Rice can be followed by short duration legumes Rice rotation which is very such as Green gram, black gram or horse gram. detrimental to the soil health. Managing soil Excessive use of chemical Integrated Nutrient management practices (listed fertility fertilizers without knowing the below) are to be followed for supplying nutrients nutrient status of the soil can in required quantities without undermining the be detrimental for soil health. soil quality. This also increases cost of  Green manure crops such as cow pea, etc., cultivation. can be grown 25 to 30 days before the transplantation of paddy. These are then Besides the chemical incorporated in the soil during land fertilizers leave residues in the preparation/ploughing to improve fertility. soil which leads to salinity and  Application of 1 ton/ha of Glyricidia leaf alkalinity of the soil which in manure provides 21 kg N, 2.5 kg P, 18 kg turn affects the soil structure. K, 85 g Zn, 164 g Mn, 365 g Cu, 728 g Fe besides considerable quantities of S, Ca, Mg, B, Mo etc. Six feet tall Glyricidia plants on the bunds around one field (on 400 m bund) can provide 22.5 kg N/ha after 3 years and up to 77 kg N/ha from the 7th year onwards. Amount of Glyricidia leaf manure application depends on the growth of boundary plantations. Usually about 1 to 2 Tons/h leaf manure can be applied.5 5 Soil Health Improvement with Gliricidia Green Leaf Manuring in Rainfed Agriculture On farm Experiences by Ch. Srinivasa Rao, B.Venkateswarlu, M. Dinesh Babu, Suhas P. Wani, Sreenath Dixit, K.L. Sahrawat and Sumanta Kundu, viewed at http://www.crida.in/naip/pub/Gliricia_Booklet.pdf on 24th February 2014. 102  Other organic manures and fertilisers that can be applied are Farm Yard Manure (2-5 t/ha), Vermicompost (5-10 q/ha), bio fertilizers such as Azospirillum (2 kg/ha) and Phosphate Solubilising Bacteria (2 kg/ha) added to soil at the time of puddling (in traditional method of cultivation), goat droppings (1.25 t/ha), poultry manure (1.25 t/ha), wood ash (1.25 t/ha) etc. Weed Application of weedicides  Application of Azolla suppresses the weed management causes damage to Fish, growth and provides nitrogen to the crop. impeded propagation of Algae  Mechanical weeding with weeders / and other non targeted Manual weeding organisms. This will also lead to chemical residues in soil and water. Pest control Use of chemical pesticides Non Pesticide Management Practices are to be cause damage to aquatic bio followed for pest control as suggested below: diversity in rice fields and  Deep summer ploughing to kill surrounding water bodies and hibernating pest larvae leaves chemical residues.  Use of Pest resistant or tolerant varieties – given as Annexe 1.  Avoiding use of excess nitrogen  Use of pheromone traps and light traps  Use of neem based pesticides  Release of bio control agents Interventions for Storage, processing etc. Storage Fumigation of storage  Clean rice barn, warehouse or storehouse godowns and storage spaces before storing the produce. The regular with Methyl bromide and cleaning of the storage is recommended. phosphine in order to control  Spray plant extract, such as Bitter bush or store product pests may cause Siam weed (Eupatorium odoratum L.) to damage to human health. kill insects on the floor, wall and vacant space in the storage.  Mix seeds with plant extracts such as Neem (Azadirachta indica A.), dried Long pepper flower (Piper longum) and Sweet flag (Acorus calamus L.)  Fumigate the storage structures with carbon dioxide gas. Transportation Contamination is possible  Containers and sacks used for packing, as during package and transport. well as vehicle for transporting organic rice, should be clean and free from any contamination of chemical substances and 103 other rice. It is not recommended to use vehicle that has been loaded with soil, animals, manures, fertilizers or chemicals that may cause contamination of pathogenic and toxic substances, unless such vehicle has been properly cleaned before use.  Separate Carrier or vehicle should be allotted to handle organic rice. Organic rice shall not be comingled with non- organic commodity and other prohibited materials or substances for organic agriculture during transportation from production site to distribution center. Milling6 Water used for soaking the  Good and adequately maintained drainage paddy, especially for parboiled to facilitate run-off and minimize the rice production, if not properly likelihood of flooding. Regular inspection treated could result in water of bulk storage tanks to minimize the risk pollution and odour nuisance of surface water pollution. to local community.  Installation of interceptor traps for solids, oil and fuel to reduce the control release of contaminated water via the surface drains. Separation of milling areas from all other areas of operation. Water proofing of mill floor and all other floors. Air pollution both on site and  Adequate ventilation should be provided in the surrounding locality due to prevent dust pollution and reduce heat. to release of dust to the Prevention of dusts on machinery and in atmosphere from handling or the building by timely cleaning operations. processing of the paddy or its Design of chimney and vents of sufficient by-products is a major height and appropriate technology to avoid environmental concern for rice causing local nuisance of dust and smoke mills. emissions. Walls should be designed in a way to prevent accumulation of dust and entry of rodents, birds, or pests. Energy usage7 Different operations in paddy Hulling of rice before parboiling process is also a processing require possible option to reduce energy consumption for considerable energy for rice parboiling. It would save 40% of energy parboiling, mechanical drying however this process is susceptible to 6 Scoping Study on Clean Technology Opportunities and Barriers in Indonesian Palm Oil Mill and Rice Mill Industries: International Finance Corporation. Prepared by IRG, Philippins, viewed at http://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/8894fe804726241c945cbf2b131bed2a/Scoping%2Bstudy%2Bclean%2Btechnology%2 Bopportunities%2Bin%2BIndonesia.pdf?MOD=AJPERES on 27th February 2014. 7 Energy Utilization and Environmental Aspects of Rice Processing Industries in Bangladesh: by Mohammed Ahiduzzaman and Abul K. M. Sadrul Islam, viewed at http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/2/1/134 on 25th February 2014. 104 and milling. contamination if the processing equipment is not as per food grade quality and it needs shade drying Instead of open floor drying under sunshine as in traditional practices. Waste Disposal of solid wastes, Paddy husk can be reused as fuel for paddy management particularly unused rice husk drying, to run steam generator or gassifier. occupies space and creates Charcoal briquetting units can be set up which use inconvenience. paddy husk as raw material. Effluent produced during cleaning of equipment will Treatment of effluent and wastewater before pose a problem to surrounding release as per the standards of Pollution Control environment. Board. Marketing opportunities for Organic Paddy: Rice being a major food commodity in the state organic rice can be marketed with premium through retails or wholesale outlets. Organic rice has demand in international market as well.  Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) makes efforts to produce and export basmati rice, aromatic rice and other rice varieties by establishing model farms.  Can be linked with Nutrition cum Day Care Centres (NDCCs) Support Agencies:  Directorate of Rice Research (Indian Council of Agricultural Research) Rajendranagar, Hyderabad – 500030. Tele fax – 040 – 24591217.  Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Rajendranagar.  Respective Krishi Vignan Kendras (KVKs) and District Agriculture Advisory technology Centres (DAATCs) and Agriculture Technology Management Agency (ATMA). 105 2. Red gram: Overview of Paddy in Andhra Pradesh (erstwhile): Andhra Pradesh has an area about 4.63 lakh hectares under red gram with annual production of 3.02 lakh tonnes. Its contribution to India‟s production is 12.75 per cent per annum. It is grown mostly in all the districts. The major varieties grown are LRG 30, LRG 41, Durga, Laxmi, Asha, Maruthi and PRG-158. The productivity of red gram is 500 kgs per ha in Andhra Pradesh (2011) against a national average of 675 kgs per ha which is considerably low. Interventions in Red gram in TRIGP: TRIGP will target 31,650 red gram producers for growing red gram through sustainable agricultural practices. The aim is to enhance yield from 1.8 qtls per acre to 2.8 qtls per acre. TRIGP will invest in Red gram value chains in productivity enhancement, certification, aggregation and value addition. The proposed districts for value chain interventions are Medak, Nizamabad, Mehboobnagar, Adilabad and Khammam. In total 49 mandals will be covered. Potential Environmental issues and Environment friendly alternatives in the Red gram value chain: Activity in Possible issues Interventions, Best practices the value chain Interventions for Productivity Enhancement Varietal Varieties not suitable to local The recommended varieties for the state selection environmental conditions may of Andhra Pradesh are: not respond well and increase LRG 30, LRG 41, Durga, Laxmi, Maruthi, cost of pest and disease Asha and PRG-158. management. In seed production farms rouging (removing the plants from previous season) is important as it contaminates genetic purity of the seeds. It is advisable to select a farm where red gram is not cultivated before for seed production. Cropping Mono-cropping of red gram is Red can be is grown as an intercrop, system - unsustainable due to pest attacks, between sorghum (jowar), pearl millet Intercropping and delayed income. (bajra), maize and cotton. Under organic management, when red gram is intercropped with soybean/cowpea and moong, it has been found to enrich the soil significantly. This combination can also be used in the first year of conversion of conventional farms to organic, in order to make the soil alive 106 and fertile. Growing of two rows of moong after every two rows of red gram is also beneficial. It not only ensures some moong yield as a bonus, but its biomass mulch reduces the growth of weeds, preserves soil moisture and ensures increased productivity of red gram. Irrigation As red gram is a rain-fed crop Red gram requires 35–40 cm water during which is generally grown in its entire growth period. Optimum assured rainfall areas, it usually moisture is necessary during (a) budding; does not require any irrigation. (b) flowering; and (c) pod formation stages. In case of water stress, protective irrigation may be given in alternate rows at these three stages. Using harvested intercrops biomass as mulch to preserve soil moisture and to maintain microbial activity. Water stress could develop after Proper drainage is essential in low lying excessive rain or flood or areas. because of improper drainage Draining out the excess water at the Excess irrigation leads to water earliest by using drainage channels if logging in low lying areas there is a gradient and if not by using motors, Taking up the gap filling at the earliest Inter cultivation at optimum field moisture condition, Apply 4-5 kg N/acre after draining excess water, To spray KNO3 1 % or water soluble fertilizers like 19-19- 19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 at 1% to support nutrition Manures and Fertilizers applied without soil Soil testing based fertilizer application is Fertilisers testing will leads to leaching of recommended. nutrients, excess input cost or Plant trees of neem, babul, pongam, less yield. sesban, glyricidia, etc., on farm bunds to get leaf manure. Pest Pod borers or bollworms The following Non Chemical Pest Management (Helicoverpa), aphids, jassids, management methods can be followed to thrips, mites, etc., are some of keep pest population under control. the main insect pests that affect  Intercropping of red gram with red gram. Fusarium wilt disease soybean, moong, groundnut, can also be a serious problem in sorghum/maize and random some places. Boll worm attack is planting of marigold and Hibiscus most damaging and is therefore subdariffa (lal ambari) help in 107 of major concern. keeping the pest population under The chemicals recommended for the ETL. red gram pest control cannot be  To reduce pest attacks and to used in the project. ensure intermittent income, in mono cropping mix 1–2% seeds of sorghum or any other millet with red gram at the time of sowing.  One or two rows of marigold around the field or random planting of about 100 marigold plants/acre also helps in the control of insects and pests  Jaggery powder (10 kg/ha) is sprayed on the soil surface, to attract ants that predate on the larvae.  Approx. 10–12 bird perches installed per hectare attract birds that predate on the pests. Yellow rice (1 kg rice cooked with turmeric powder) kept on or near the perches will attract predatory birds.  Inundated release of Chrysoperla 5,000 eggs 15 days after sowing and Trichogramma 50,000 eggs (2–3 cards) 30 days after sowing help to keep pest populations under control.  Spraying of 5% NSKE at 15 day interval keeps pest under control  Garlci Chilli extract with cow urine also keeps pest population under control.  500–1000 ml HNPV (nuclear polyhydrous virus) per ha.controls pod borer. Interventions for Storage, processing etc. Storage Chemicals, fertilizers or Farmers should be advised properly on the irrigation water with high standard storage practices for red gram chlorine could result in lower and the dangers of using chemicals and quality of red gram grains. fertilizers. Red gram grains are mostly Packaging in air tight bags is suggested to transported and stored in packed retain quality of the grains with enhanced woven jute or polypropylene shelf life and to protect them from the 108 bags which do not offer barrier adverse environmental factors. against moisture and insect pests. Beetles affect red gram in Dry the clean grain in the sun to ensure storage. moisture below 8%. Mix crushed neem leaves with the Red gram grain before storing it in gunny bags. Gunny bags can also be treated with 5% neem oil. Chemicals/pesticides/weedicides / fertilizers should not be stored along with raw red gram. Milling Noise pollution to the workers Noise protective equipment should be and in the neighbourhood due to provided to the operator of the machine. milling Silencer should be attached to the equipment to reduce noise from the equipment to surrounding areas. Person using these machines must wear Fine dust during milling will mask for preventing the problem related lead to health issues like allergy, to inhalation asthma in long run. Transport Organic dal may get Vehicles used for transport for chemicals contaminated when transported should not be used for transport of red along with other commodities. gram. The vehicle should be cleaned and dried before transportation of red gram grains and Dal after milling Waste Disposal of red gram seed coat Usually this is used in cattle feeds and disposal after milling hence no issue with disposal. Marketing opportunities for Organic Red gram dal:  Farmers willing to go on conventional organic can associate with Dharani farming and Marketing Macs limited, Chennakottapalli Village and mandal, Ananatapur,Andhra pradeh, Pin – 515101, accredited under National Programme for Organic Production (NPOP).  Dal can also be utilized in Nutrition and Day Care Centres Support Agencies:  Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Rajendranagar  Respective Krishi Vignan Kendras (KVKs) and District Agriculture Advisory technology Centres (DAATCs) and Agriculture Technology Management Agency (ATMA) 109 3. Dairy Overview of Dairy Scenario in Andhra Pradesh (erstwhile): Andhra Pradesh stands number one in the country in sheep population, meat production (556000 MTs), poultry population and per capita availability of eggs, according to 2007 livestock census. The state also stands second in buffalo population, third in total livestock population and fourth in milk production (89, 25,000 MTs) in the country. It is considered that sustained growth in the livestock sector has a significant beneficial impact in generating employment and reducing rural poverty. Trends in livestock population: According to livestock census-2007 the total livestock population of Andhra Pradesh is 601.75 lakhs, excluding poultry. Among these 244.94 lakhs are cattle and buffaloes (total bovines), 255.39 are sheep and 96.26 lakhs are goats. Significant growth in the cattle, buffalo, sheep and goat population is registered between the years 2003 and 2007. During this period, cattle population increased by 19.09% and buffalo population increased by 23.25%. The decline in the number of male buffaloes and a rise in the number of male cattle and cows indicate that the farmers are raising cattle for both milk and draught purpose where as buffaloes are maintained for milk production in the state8. Interventions in Dairy Sector under TRIGP: TRIGP targets milk producers in 16 mandals in 6 districts with a target to improve milk production through best livestock management practices. The interventions will include induction of high yielding animals, capacity building, fodder requirements etc. Potential Environmental issues and Environment friendly alternatives in the Dairy value chain: Component Possible Issue Intervention, Best practice Interventions for Resource management and Productivity Enhancement Breed selection Selection of breeds that cannot Selection of breeds suitable to local adapt to the local climatic climatic conditions and up gradation conditions will lead to loss of cattle with the improved breeds suitable or or results in low productivity and acclimatized to local climate should be health issues. done under technical guidance. The suggestions on local suitability of cattle, sheep and goat is given in Annexe 2 of this annexure 6. Open grazing Even though open grazing is a It is ideal to combine stall feeding traditional practice and with grazing for a limited time. The recommended for better health grazing should be done in rotational conditions of the animals, over manner. grazing will lead to loss of pasture lands due to reduced regeneration Grazing lands can be improved by capacity as a result of continuous reseeding and manuring collectively grazing. The local biodiversity is by cooperatives and a system of also affected and soil becomes rotational grazing can be designed. susceptible to erosion as the green This can be done in convergence with cover is removed. programmes like NREGS. 8 Livestock development in Andhra Pradesh, Status and Potential, Centre for Economic and Social Studies, viewed at http://www.cess.ac.in/cesshome/wp/RULNR-working-paper-16.pdf on 2nd July 2014. 110 This will also increase the strain on the animal to walk longer distances in search of fodder affecting the productivity. Fodder Exclusive dependence of fodder Green fodder should comprise of cultivation varieties like APBN/CO4 will not proper cereal grass and legume mix to supply all vital nutrients to the provide complete nutrition. The fodder cattle, besides it depletes soil plots should also accommodate nutrients and water resources as the legume crops like lucerne, berseem, water requirement for such crops is cow pea, stylo and fodder trees like high. sesbania. This provides proper ration to the animals as well as maintains soil fertility. Azolla cultivation can also supplement the protein requirement. Use of chemical should be avoided/ Minimized. Chemical Over use of chemical fertilizers or fertilisation use of pesticides will lead to biomagnifications and affect the quality of milk. Tackling the Fodder scarcity in dry seasons or Individual /Community fodder banks fodder scarcity drought periods will create stress on are to be maintained by the groups by available vegetation like trees and procuring crop residues and storage, insufficient fodder affects animal and maintaining supplementary feed health. units. Stall feeding Stall feeding of harvested green Green fodder cut into small bits using with green fodder as it is will lead to wastage chaff cutter or suitable tools will fodder of fodder and feeding efficiency of improve the feeding efficiency of the animal is decreased. animal digestibility and reduce the wastage. Shed spacing, Congested and unclean sheds The sheds should be clean and should sanitation and (without proper facilities for provide sufficient ventilation, enough waste draining the urine etc, lack space for the animal to move freely management ventilation etc.) will lead to (recommended space is 4 sq mt per outbreak and spread of diseases. animals). There should be arrangements like slop and a pit for collection of urine which can be put to alternate uses like panchakavya preparation or can be added to manure pits). In general sheds are constructed outside the village required ventilation Open disposal of the shed cleanings The daily sweepings of the shed 111 – fodder wastage, manure, urine should be composted in a pit. etc. will create unhygienic However pit methods can be avoided environment in the surroundings. in areas with high water table but the heap should be properly covered with palm leaves or gunny sacks to avoid leaching. The households having 2 cattle can plan for biogas plants. Composting the slurry provides enriched compost or vermicompost. Interventions Injecting hormonal substances like Practice of injecting harmones should for improving oxytocin under misconception that be strictly avoided. milk yield it increases milk yield will have negative impact on animal health and will make the animal go dry early. Milking Unhygenic milking practices – Beneficiaries should be trained on milking without washing hands, not hygienic milking practices. addressing any injuries or disease of the animal will contaminate the milk Open disposal The dead bodies of calves, or small The carcasses should be properly of carcasses ruminants that are dead due to buried or burned, after bio security epidemics will further spread the measures infection. Environment Issues and Measures in Bulk Milk Cooling Units Cleaning and The chemical and acids used in Waste water after cleaning should not maintenance of cleaning the unit pollute the soil be released into the gutters leading to equipment and water when discharged without agriculture fields, or to the open area being treated nearby. Drying ponds (with cement lining) can be constructed where water can be evaporated and residue can be collected and disposed of safely. Sources of Technical Support: Respective Animal Husbandry Departments and Livestock research Stations in the districts Directorate of Animal Husbandry Shanthi Nagar, Masab Tank Hyderabad – 45 Ph no – 040 – 23391335, 23316855 Fax – 040 – 23312431 E mail – ahitc@hotmail.com Regional Station for Forage Production and Demonstration Pahadi Sharif, Hyderabad – 500 005. 112 4. Poultry Overview of Poultry Scenario in Andhra Pradesh (erstwhile): As per 18th Quinquennial Livestock Census-2007 Andhra Pradesh stands first in poultry (1239.85 lakhs). The state has famous Aseel breed of poultry which is principle source for development of broiler breeds in the world. The poultry population increased by 23.27% between 2003 to 2007.The Egg Production in the State under report is 183447.156 Lakh Nos. This constitutes 32.97% of the total egg production in the country (556378 Lakh Nos) i.e. every third egg produced in the country comes from Andhra Pradesh. Thus the State can be called "egg basket" of the country. The state is maintaining its first position in Egg production in the country. Eggs from Desi fowls / Backyard poultry constitute 6.43% (11794.009 Lakh Nos) and Improved / Commercial Layers 93.57% (171653.147 Lakh Nos) among total Eggs production. Out of the total egg laying poultry, Desi birds contribute to 23% and commercial poultry to 77%. Out of estimated number of layers 76.21% were improved birds and 23.79 % were Desi birds. The region wise contribution of egg production is (51.16%) in Coastal Andhra region, (8.22%) in Rayalaseema region and (40.62 %) in Telangana region. The predominant Egg producing Districts in the State are East Godavari, West Godavari, Chittoor, Krishna, Guntur and Visakhapatnam Districts9. Interventions in Poultry Sector under TRIGP: TRIGP is planning to reach poultry producers in 72 mandals in 9 districts in Telangana to produce quality meat eggs through best poultry management practices. The key interventions include introduction of dual purpose birds, improving access to better veterinary services, access to low cost inputs, convergence with suppliers and marketing tie ups. The project aims an additional income of Rs. 22,143 per producer per annum. Potential Environmental issues and Environment friendly alternatives in the Poultry value chain: Component Possible Issue Intervention, Best practice Interventions for Resource management and Productivity Enhancement Location of the Location of the units near It is advisable to locate the units away Units residential areas lead to noise (100 mts) from the residential areas pollution and offensive smell. and highways. Location of Units near highways causes stress and disturbance to the birds. Housing the Over crowding the birds in less Follow the recommended spacing as birds space will have an impact on health indicated below: of the birds – leads to quick spread of diseases and less productivity. 9 Integrated Sample Survey Report, Andhra Pradesh 2008-09, 2009-10, viewed at http://ahfd.ap.nic.in/ISSSR0910.pdf on 12th February 2014. 113 Age Layers Broilers (weeks) (cm2) (cm2) 0-8 700 700 9-12 950 950 13-20 1900 2350 21 and 2300- 2800- above 2800 3700 Shed cleaning Open disposal of manure leads to Manure should be stored in a pit or and disposal of contamination of surrounding s and heap lined with bricks to avoid runoff waste affects the manorial quality during rainy seasons. Disposal of Open disposal of dead birds leads Dead bird should be disposed by dead birds to spread of diseases and attract burning/burying method. And it dogs etc. should be done at least 100 m away from the land. 114 5. Small Ruminants Overview of Small Ruminants Scenario in Andhra Pradesh (erstwhile): The sheep and goat population of Andhra Pradesh is 255.39 and 96.26 lakhs respectively. During the period from 2003 to 2007, 18th Quinquennial Livestock Census the Sheep and Goat population increased by 21.53% and 49.77% respectively. The prevalence of breeds in the state is as follows - sheep 26.72 % were SPS Nellore Breed, 17.69% were of Bellary Breed and 55.59% were of Deccani Breed. The Meat Production in the State under report is 603577.417 thousand Kgs. This constitutes 15.80% of the total meat production in the country (3822 thousand MTs). The state stands first position in Meat production in the country. The predominant meat producing Districts in the State are Krishna, Chittoor and Ananthapur districts10. Interventions in Small Ruminant Sector under TRIGP: TRIGP targets producers in 9 districts of Telangana to produce quality meat by adopting better management practices leading to an income of Rs. 20,000 per annum per producer. The key interventions proposed include induction of small ruminants, increasing productivity of animals by adopting better management practices and access to veterinary services and establishing marketing channels. Potential Environmental issues and Environment friendly alternatives in the Small Ruminant value chain: Component Possible Issue Intervention, Best practice Interventions for Resource management and Productivity Enhancement Breed selection Selection of breeds that cannot Selection of breeds suitable to local adapt to the local climatic climatic conditions and up gradation conditions will lead to loss of with the improved breeds suitable or animals or results in low acclimatized to local climate should be productivity and health issues. done under technical guidance. The suggestions on local suitability of, sheep and goat is give in Annexe 2 of this Annexure 6. Grazing Continuous over grazing will lead Growing fodder trees, regulated to degradation of grazing lands. In grazing and stall feeding (partly or case of sheep as they graze close to completely) will reduce pressure on the ground surface vegetation is grazing lands. removed exposing the soil for erosion. Cutting large Regeneration of the trees will be Only small twigs should be extracted, branches from affected if lopping is done fodder trees can be grown in house trees. extensively. premises as well. Shed spacing Congested, less ventilated sheds The sheds must have sufficient space will lead to quick spread of diseases and well ventilated and offer 10 Integrated Sample Survey Report, Andhra Pradesh 2008-09, 2009-10, viewed at http://ahfd.ap.nic.in/ISSSR0910.pdf on 12th February 2014. 115 and affects animal health due to protection from heat, rain etc. less scope for movement. Stall feeding Stall feeding with green fodder Fodder should be properly chopped without chopping may lead to before feeding. wastage. Shed cleaning Open disposal of shed cleanings Wastes should be composted as pit, or and waste and feed waste create unhygienic heap covered with leaves and lined management conditions and leads to loss of with bricks to avoid leaching or manorial value evaporation losses. 116 Annexe 1: Popular and high yielding varieties grown in Andhra Pradesh (erstwhile)11 S. Zone Districts Varieties of Paddy grown No. 1 Krishna West Godavari, Krishna, Guntur and MTU-2077, MTU-1001, MTU-1061, Zone (KZ) Part of East Godavari (excluding MTU-1064, BPT-5204, Bapatla uplands), Khammam, Nalgonda and Sannalu (BPT 1768), MTU-1010, Prakasam. JGL-384, JGL-1798 2 Godavari West Godavari, Guntur and Part of East Swarna, MTU-1001, MTU-1010, Zone (GZ) Godavari (excluding uplands), MTU-1061, MTU-1064, PLA-1100, Khammam, Nalgonda and Prakasam. BPT-5204, IR-64, JGL-1798 3 High Srikakulam, Vizyanagaram, Srikakulam sannalu, Swarna, Altitude Visakhapatnam, East Godavari and Pushkala, Vasundara, MTU- Tribal Zone Khammam. 1001, MTU-1010 (HATZ) Pest and Disease resistant Varieties 12 S. no. Varieties Salient features 1 Sravani Resistant to blast, Helminthosporium, tolerant to (NLR-33359) Bacterial Leaf Blight, susceptible to Rice Tungro Virus (IET-14876) 2 Somasila Resistant to blast and Helminthosporium, tolerant to (NLR-33358) BLB, susceptible to Rice Tungro Virus. (IET-13932) 3 Swathi Resistant to blast, tolerant to Helminthosporium and (NLR-33057) Bacterial Leaf Blight, susceptible to Rice Tungro Virus, (IET-11582) Stem Borer, Leaf Folder, Rice Hopper, rice thrips & Brown Plant Hopper 4 Vedagiri Tolerant to Stem Borer & Rice Tungro Virus; resistant to (NLR-33641) blast; susceptible to Brown Plant Hopper & Leaf Roller. (IET-14328) 5 Maruteru Sannalu Susceptible to blast and Stem Borer. (MTU-1006) (IET-14348) 11 Government of Andhra Pradesh; Department of Agriculture; http://agri.ap.nic.in/agroclimatezon.htm 12 DACNET http://drd.dacnet.nic.in/Rice%20Varieties%20-%2010.htm 117 6 Cottondora Sannalu Resistant to blast & tolerant to Brown Plant Hopper. (MTU-1010) (IET-15644) 7 Bharani Resistant to Helminthosporium & Rice Tungro Virus, (NLR-30491) tolerant toStem Borer, susceptible to blast, Leaf Folder, (IET-12630) Rice Hopper and Brown Plant Hopper. 8 Deepti Tolerant to Brown Plant Hopper. (MTU-4870) (IET-8100) 9 Srikakulam Sannalu Resistant to blast & Stem Borer. (RGL-2537) (IET-16023) 10 Vasundhara Tolerant to Rice Tungro Virus & blast, resistant to plant (RGL-2538) hopper and GM (IET-16085) 11 Early Samba Tolerant to Stem Borer. (RNRM-7) (IET-15845) 12 Surya Tolerant to Brown Plant Hopper. (BPT-4358) BLB=Bacterial Leaf Blight, RTV=Rice Tungro Virus, SB=Stem Borer, LF=Leaf Folder, RH=Rice Hopper, BPH=Brown Plant Hopper, LR=Leaf Roller. 118 Annexe 2: Suitability of Livestock breeds to different geographic regions of Andhra Pradesh and location of main farms, and AI Stations. The nativity and suitability of different indigenous Buffalo breeds to different regions of the state and farms is given below 13: Name of the Breed Core Home Breeding Main farms Tract Policy D – Draught M- Milk purpose Malvi (D) Warangal, Pure Malvi is mainly found in MP / breeding and Chattisgarh, but are also found in Khammam selection the border districts of AP Local (D) All districts Cross ----- breeding and selection The nativity and suitability of different indigenous Buffalo breeds to different regions of the state (erstwhile Andhra Pradesh) and farms is given below14: Name of the Origin Core Home Breeding Main farms Breed Tract Policy D – Draught M- Milk purpose Murrah grades All coastal Grading with Murrah PT Farm at 13 Landscaping of initiatives in the area of animal health, breeding services and indigenous breed development for cattle, buffalo, goats, sheep and poultry in Andhra Pradesh. A Project of CALPI, New Delhi. Viewed at http://www.intercooperation.org.in/km/pdf/Documentation/Service/1st%20Study%20on%20vet%20services%20(Sastry).pdf on 6th February 2014. 14 Landscaping of initiatives in the area of animal health, breeding services and indigenous breed development for cattle, buffalo, goats, sheep and poultry in Andhra Pradesh. A Project of CALPI, New Delhi. Viewed at http://www.intercooperation.org.in/km/pdf/Documentation/Service/1st%20Study%20on%20vet%20services%20(Sastry).pdf on 6th February 2014. 119 (M) districts Murrah breed Banvasi (Kurnool), Karimnagar Local (D+M) All districts Grading with ---- Murrah breed Five different breed types as sire breeds to be used in AI and organised natural service in the five regions of erstwhile Andhra Pradesh15. Region Recommendations Cattle Coastal Andhra (North)  Jersey bulls mated to non-descript cows  Jersey crossbred bulls (50% exotic) mated to Jersey crossbred cows Coastal Andhra (Delta,  HF bulls mated to non-descript and Ongole type cows in South) Delta area  HF crossbred bulls (50% exotic) mated to HF crossbred cows  Jersey bulls mated to indigenous cows in upland areas  Jersey crossbred bulls mated to Jersey crossbred cows  Ongole bulls mated to Ongole type cows in Ongole tract Rayalseema  Jersey bulls mated to indigenous cows  Jersey crossbred bulls (50%) mated to Jersey crossbred cows  Ongole bulls mated to Ongole type cows in parts of Kurnool and Cuddapah districts Tribal Areas  Jersey crossbred bulls (50% exotic) for natural service  Deoni bulls for pure breeding in selected areas Areas with better  Jersey crossbred bulls (75% exotic) mated to Jersey management levels crossbred cows (50%)  HF crossbred bulls (75% exotic) mated to HF crossbred cows (50%) Buffaloes Statewide  Purebred Murrah bulls mated continuously to non-descript and graded she-buffaloes (upgrading)  Graded Murrah bulls mated to non-descript and graded she- 15 Landscaping of initiatives in the area of animal health, breeding services and indigenous breed development for cattle, buffalo, goats, sheep and poultry in Andhra Pradesh. A Project of CALPI, New Delhi. Viewed at http://www.intercooperation.org.in/km/pdf/Documentation/Service/1st%20Study%20on%20vet%20services%20(Sastry).pdf on 6th February 2014. 120 buffaloes in dry and drought prone areas with limited fodder resources Breeds of cattle maintained at Semen Stations in India:16 District Indigenous breed Exotic breed Cross bred Buffalo Vishakapatnam Ongole JR JRx Murrah Nandyala Ongole JRx Murrah Banavasi, HF JR Jrx Murrah 16 Conservation of Indigenous breeds of cattle and buffalo, viewed at http://www.dahd.nic.in/dahd/WriteReadData/large%20ruminants%20guidelines/Conservation_indigenous_breeds_Cattle%20 and%20Buffalo.pdf, on 6th February 2014. 121 Annexe 3: Food colours that can be used in food preparation and processing units17: Natural colouring matters which may be used include: (a) Carotene & Carotenoids including (i) Beta-carotene (ii) Beta-apo 8'- carotenal (iii) Methylester of Beta-apo 8' carotenoic acid (iv) Ethylester of Beta-apo 8' carotenoic acid (v) Canthaxanthin (b) Chlorophyll (c) Riboflavin (Lactoflavin) (d) Caramel. (e) Annatto (f) Saffron (g) Curcumin or turmeric No Synthetic food colours or a mixture thereof except the following shall be used in food: Common name Chemical name Red Ponceau Azo Carmoisine Azo Erythrosine Xanthene 2. Yellow Tartrazine Pyrazolone Sunset Yellow Azo Blue Indigo Carmine Indigoid Brilliant Blue Triarylmethane Green Fast Green Triarylmethane 17 Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Food Safety and Standards Authority of India Notification, viewed at http://www.fssai.gov.in/Portals/0/Pdf/Food%20safety%20and%20standards%20(Food%20product%20standards%20and%20 Food%20Additives)%20regulation,%202011.pdf on 28th March 2014. 122 Annexure 7 Environment Guidelines for Rural Retail Chains – KRuSHE Enterprises and KRuSHE marts: Farm products: 1. Food products Food products: Ginger products, Masala products and Pickels, Vermicelli, Papads, Snacks and Bakery, Sweet and milk products etc. Potential Environmental issues and Environment friendly alternatives in food product preparation include: Activity in the Possible issues Interventions, Best practices value chain or steps in the process Registration and Manufacturing and selling of License should be acquired as licenses food products need license per Food Safety and Standards depending on the scale of Act (FSSAI) 2006 if required. activity. Drying the raw Drying on unclean floor will Clean and dry cement floor or materials, products contaminate the produce by mats should be used for drying. inducing microbial growth. Solar dryers can be used depending on feasibility. Use of machinery Use of unclean machinery for Machinery (small mills and (for grinding ginger, grinding raw materials may grinders) used for grinding masala and contaminate food. ingredients should be cleaned ingredients for and dried regularly. pickle) Use of cook stoves Use of LPG or fuel wood will Fuel efficient cook stoves or bio (in bakery and lead to degradation of the gas should be considered. snacks, sweet and resource and increase the fuel milk products) costs Use of preservatives, Use of synthetic agents may Natural agents and permitted colour and flavour have adverse effects. agents should only be used. agents Details of permitted agents is provided in Annexe 1. Handling and Handling the food products Personnel involved in packing with bare hands or un washed processing, packing etc. should hands will contaminate the wash hands with soap before and products through microbial after work and use aprons, attack. gloves, hair caps for handling, packing etc. 123 Use of eye goggles is recommended while handling pungent items like spices. Packing and labeling Edible products beyond the The product labeling should shelf life may lead to illness include the expiry date and when consumed. should be marked with in the shelf life period. Storage Storage in improper conditions Raw materials and produce like moist, dusty floor, walls should be stored in clean and dry etc. will spoil the produce due conditions. to mold infestation. Facilities at Poor facilities will have impact The place should be well processing centre on worker‟s health ventilated, should have drinking water and sanitation facilities. Waste management Open disposal of waste from Any waste or waste water should food processing unit will give be disposed properly by bad odour and create composting or diverting to waste unhygienic environment due to water drains. decomposition. 2. Food processing and drying Products: Dry copra, mango jelly, dry fish: Potential Environmental issues and Environment friendly alternatives in food processing and drying include: Activity in the Possible issues Interventions, Best practices value chain or steps in the process Drying the raw Drying on unclean floor will Clean and dry cement floor or materials contaminate the produce by mats should be used for drying. inducing microbial growth. Solar dryers can be used depending on feasibility. Use of machinery Use of unwashed machinery for Machinery (pulper) should be (for pulper, etc. for pulping etc. has possibility to cleaned and dried regularly. mango jelly) induce microbial growth Use of Use of synthetic agents may Natural agents and permitted preservatives, have adverse effects. agents should only be used. colour and flavour Details are provided in Annexe 1. agents for preserving the pulp Drying the Drying on unclean floor will Clean and dry cement floor or products (mango contaminate the produce by mats should be used for drying. jelly, dry copra, inducing microbial growth. Solar dryers can be used 124 dry fish) depending on feasibility. Drying fish Fish should be cleaned properly Clean and dry cement floor or Before drying. mats should be used for drying. Drying on unclean floor will Solar dryers can be used contaminate the produce by depending on feasibility. inducing microbial growth. Handling and Handling the food products Personnel involved in processing, packing with bare hands or un washed packing etc. should use clean hands will contaminate the hands before and after work and products through microbial use aprons, gloves, hair caps for attack. handling, packing etc. Packing and Edible products beyond the The product labeling should labeling shelf life will lead to health include the expiry date and should issues when consumed. be marked with in the shelf life period. Storage Storage in conditions like moist, Raw materials and produce should dusty floor, walls etc. will spoil be stored in clean and dry the produce. conditions. Facilities at Poor facilities will have impact The place should be well processing centre on worker‟s health. ventilated, should have drinking water and sanitation facilities. Waste Open disposal of waste from Any waste or waste water should management food processing unit will give be disposed properly by bad odour and create composting or diverting to waste unhygienic environment due to water drains. decomposition. Fish waste is rich in organic Fish waste can be dried and used matter and will contaminate as pig meals or fertilizer or pest water resources when disposed repellents. in water or created un hygienic environment when disposed openly 125 3. Oil Extraction Products: Coconut oil, ground not oil and sesamum oil. Potential Environmental issues and Environment friendly alternatives in oil extraction include: Activity in the Possible issues Interventions, Best practices value chain or steps in the process Use of machine for Machinery handling should be Machinery should be cleaned and grinding clean and proper. maintained well. Care should be taken while handling machinery. Handling and Handling the raw material and Personnel involved in processing, packing oil with bare hands or un packing etc. should clean hands washed hands will contaminate before and after work and use the products through microbial aprons, gloves, hair caps for attack. handling, packing etc. Facilities at Poor facilities will have impact The place should be well processing centre on worker‟s health. ventilated, should have drinking water and sanitation facilities. Source of technical support for food product preparation, processing:  College of Home Science, Saifabad, Hyderabad  National Institute of Food technology Entrepreneurship Management 3rd Floor, AMDA Building, 7/6, Sirifort Institutional Area, August Kranti Marg, New Delhi – 110 049 Phone: 011-264971 31/32/35 Fax: 011-26497134 Email: info@niftem.ac.in  Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI) Head Technology Transfer & Business Development Mysore 570 020 Ph: +91-821-2514534 Fax: +91-821-2515453 E-mail: ttbd@cftri.res.in  Rural Technology Park, National Institute of Rural Development (NIRD) Rajendranagar, Hyderabad – 500 030 Ph – 040 – 24002037, Tele fax – 040 – 24008564. 126 E mail: rtpnird@gmail.com, rtpnird@hotmail.com  Khadi and Village Industries Commission Gandhi Bhavan, M.J. Road Nampalli Hyderabad, Pin: 500001  Respective District Industries Centres  Respective Agriculture and horticulture departments, KVKs. 4. Forest based enterprises Products: Hill brooms, tamarind, honey, herbal products will be marketed under forest based enterprises. Potential Environmental issues and Environment friendly alternatives for forest based enterprises include: Activity in the value Possible issues Interventions, Best practices chain or steps in the process Permissions for Forest Issues regarding use of forest Required permission should be based enterprises land, ownership rights, taken from Forest Department regulations from forest (differs from produce to departments. produce) for collection. Harvesting of NTFP NTFP are scarce resources Training on sustainable and unsustainable harvesting harvesting will check the loss of lead to loss of biodiversity. biodiversity. Method of Collection of Destructive methods of Collection period and season of Raw material. collection such as cutting the harvesting and tools used for branches, uprooting the collection should be as per plants, etc. damages the standards prescribed. Trainings resource. Unscientific on these will help the methods of collection may communities to follow affect the quality of product sustainable harvesting methods. there by leading to less revenue and thus over exploitation. Each forest product has some prescribed norms for collection. Processing of forest Improper drying (drying on Drying of produce should be produce, preparation of bare earth) and storage may done on cemented platform. herbal medicines. contaminate the produce. Processing using machinery Care to be taken while for grinding, mixing, boiling processing using machinery to etc. may lead to injuries. avoid injuries and members to be trained on use of machinery. Energy use in boiling, drying Energy efficient devices should etc. will required fuel wood. be promoted. 127 Sometimes due to lack of The members should be trained knowledge on mixing of in preparation and use (to offer different ingredient led to guidance to retailers or health issues. consumers). Date of processing and use and precautions of final products should be mentioned on the packets. Homeopathy doctor or Ayurvedic should be consulted for training and guidance at processing units Selling the Herbal Selling of herbal products Drug licenses should be products with without testing and obtained from each processing without license is an offence. unit and periodic testing should be done at National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABLABS). AYUSH department will provide license to such unit which is mandatory for selling such products. Sources of Technical Support:  AYUSH Department 5th Floor, APGLI Building, Tilak Road, Abids, Abids, Tilak Rd, King Koti, Hyderguda, Hyderabad, 500001, Phone: 040 2475 8409.  Telangana Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Board 6th Floor, APGLI Building, Tilak Road, Abids, Hyderabad, 500001 Tel.: 040-66364094,40047795 E-Mail: apmaboard@gmail.com  Khadi and Village Industries Commission Gandhi Bhavan, M.J. Road Nampalli Hyderabad, Pin: 500001  Respective District Industries Centres 128 Non Farm products The nonfarm based commodities that will be procured, processed and sold in KRuSHE marts will include. 1. Chemical and Mineral products The activities under these include - preparation of detergent, soap, shampoo, chalk pieces, rangoli, pain balm, phenyl, acid and liquid blue. Potential Environmental issues and Environment friendly alternatives for chemical and mineral products include: Activity in the value Possible issues Interventions, Best practices chain or steps in the process Registration and licenses Manufacturing and selling of Registration of unit under DIC chemical products without and chemical license and registration and license is testing for toxic material is illegal. required. Raw material Poor quality raw material lead Authentic source of raw to burning of hands, breathing material and suppliers and problems etc. during training on proportion of raw preparation and end use of the material to be mixed up can be product. given so that entrepreneurs will come to know the possible acid base reactions. Hand gloves, nose masks and goggles should be used while handling the raw materials or finished products. Preparation (handling raw Inhalation of dust and Hand gloves, nose masks and material in chalk piece, handling the chemical and goggles should be used. detergents etc.) mineral based raw material for long time may be detrimental for health. Detergent use Due to varied quantity of raw Before packaging it can be material, clothes generally ensured through proper testing lose their actual colour. and possible effects on fabrics. Storage of ingredients Improper storage of Air tight containers should be ingredients will pollute the air used for storage and storage and cause health risks to the should be as per the guidelines. workers. Energy consumption Preparation and packing Green energy sources can be 129 require lot of energy promoted. consumption so permanent source of energy is needed Packaging Use of un decomposable Bio degraded able ingredients packaging material further and re-useable packaging cause the soil pollution should be promoted Detergents Use of raw materials Non essential detergent Avoiding these ingredients will ingredients like perfumes, make the detergent more colours brighteners leave environment friendly toxic residues after use Surfactants Synthetic surfactants like Synthetic surfactants may be Alkyl benzene Sulfonates, replaced by non petrochemical diethanolamines etc. are slow surfactants or vegetable oil to degrade and residues are soaps. highly toxic and carcinogenic. Causes skin and eye irritations. Builder material The builder material in Builders like phosphates can be detergent „phosphate‟ when replaced by sodium citrate and released into water after sodium bicarbonate. detergent use leads to eutrophication of water bodies affecting water quality and aquatic biodiversity Optical brightners and Optical brightners like Optical brighteners and artificial fragrances Chlorine and sodium perfumes can be avoided are hypochlorite causes skin and their function is not very eye irritation and are important in cleaning. dangerous to aquatic life. Storage of raw materials The chemicals tend to react The chemicals should be stored when not stored in prescribed in proper conditions conditions. Mixing the raw materials The chemicals are harmful to Gloves and nose masks should in detergent making skin and causes irrigation on be used while mixing the contact with skin. chemicals to prepare detergent. Waste disposal Wastage during mixing and Utmost care should be taken to washing after work leaves avoid wastage or spillage while residues in the surrounding mixing, so that there is less accumulated in soil and water. waste to clean. Packing Package in small sachets Package in larger sachets to the needs more plastic extent possible. Labeling The product may be According to the labeling considered as safe and requirements laid down by BIS, precautions not taken if not each packet of detergent 130 labeled properly. powder should carry information on the name/grade of the material used, the source of manufacture, and a caution statement which reads: Detergent solutions can be skin irritants. Avoid prolonged contact. Rinse garments and hands thoroughly. The label should also carry information about the critical ingredients used in the formulations. Phenyle Storage of raw materials Improperly stored raw The raw materials should be materials leads to low quality stored properly according products or contaminate the prescribed standards. environment leading to health hazards. Mixing raw materials Handling with bare hands lead Gloves and masks should be to skin irrigations and used while mixing ingredients. inhalation on long term to respiratory issues. Waste disposal Wastage and disposal of Wastage should be avoided and wastes lead to residues in soil any waste should be cleaned and water. regularly. Preparation of ingredients In cases where ingredients are Care should be taken to avoid also prepared, accidents are any fore accidents. possible while mixing oils (castor oil, pine oil) and caustic soda and boiling. 2. Textiles, Artisans and Handicrafts Potential Environmental issues and Environment friendly alternatives for textiles, artisans and handicrafts include: Products: Textiles, handlooms, handicrafts, schools bags, foot wear, basket making, paper plates, paper covers. Activity in the Possible issues Interventions, Best practices value chain or steps in the process Work space Poor facilities will have impact The work space should be well on worker‟s health. ventilated, provided with drinking 131 water and toilet facilities. Use of machinery Use of machines and tools may Members should be aware of and tools lead to injuries at times. safety precautions during use of machines and tools. First aid kit should be kept handy. Energy use Use of electricity in stitching, Possibility of solar energy run paper cup and plate based machinery can be explored. manufacturing units is associated with carbon emission. Use of dyes Handling chemical dyes leads Natural dyes must be referred and (textiles, to skin and respiratory related gloves and masks to be used for handicrafts, problems. handling dyes. handlooms) Waste disposal Open disposal of waste like The waste should be sold for reuse cloth rags, leather etc. from or disposed properly. textiles, handicraft and foot wear units will create unpleasant sight. 132 3. Candle making and bangle making Potential Environmental issues and Environment friendly alternatives for candle making and bangle making include: Activity in the Possible issues Interventions, Best practices value chain or steps in the process Candle making: Wax over heated above 1500 Avoid overheating, and use gives dangerous fumes and efficient fuel. Fuel use, heating hence fuel source is important. Wax should not be allowed to spill into flame as it leads to fire hazard. This can be avoided by using water jacket (a vessel with water around the wax container while heating). Conventional stoves require Use fuel efficient, smoke less cook high quantities of fuel and cause stoves. air pollution. Handling hot wax may lead to Gloves should be used while accidental spill and cause boils. handling wax in candle making. Bangle making: Congested work spaces will The work space should be well Work space have an impact on health in ventilated. long run due to inhalation of smoke and exposure to heat. Fuel use, heating Conventional stoves require Use fuel efficient, smoke less cook (traditional high quantities of fuel and cause stoves. method). air pollution to the workers. Motorised machine can be used for making bangles. 4. Agarbathi and Coir making Potential Environmental issues and Environment friendly alternatives for Agarbathi making and coir making include: Activity in the Possible issues Interventions, Best practices value chain or steps in the process Work space Congested work spaces will The work space should be well have an impact on health in ventilated and should have basic long run due to inhalation of facilities like drinking water, 133 charcoal dust in agarbathi and toilets etc. coir dust in coir making units. Agarbathi rolling Inhalation of charcoal dust and Nose masks and hand gloves and coir extraction, handling gigat and charcoal should be used while rolling processing with bare hands will have agarbathis and processing coir. impact on health. Inhalation of coir dust leads to respiratory disorders 5. Mineral water Potential Environmental issues and Environment friendly alternatives mineral water include: Activity in the Possible issues Interventions, Best practices value chain or steps in the process Water source Ground water - The water The water should be tested and source contaminated with should be treated to remove chemical residues will effect residues, turbidity and pathogenic quality and there by consumer microbes. health. The removed residue, sludge should be safely disposed. Artificial recharge techniques can be followed in areas with high fluoride content. Surface water - In monsoon Regular check on water on all microbial water contamination parameters to ensure drinking is possible. quality. Workers hygiene The workers hygiene is The workers should be aware of important to avoid microbial the hygiene practices like – contamination. washing hands, using gloves, hair caps, not attending work when sick with contagious diseases etc. Cleaning of The water used for cleaning The waste water should be bottles, cans when disposed openly allowed disposed through soak pit or to stagnate will lead to proper drainage. mosquito breeding etc, pollution of nearby water bodies etc. Sources of Technical Support for Nonfarm enterprises:  Rural Technology Park, National Institute of Rural Development (NIRD) 134 Rajendranagar, Hyderabad – 500 030 Ph – 040 – 24002037, Tele fax – 040 – 24008564. E mail: rtpnird@gmail.com, rtpnird@hotmail.com  Khadi and Village Industries Commission Gandhi Bhavan, M.J. Road Nampalli Hyderabad, Pin: 500001  Khadi Village Industries Commission KGMV (Khadi Gramodyoga MahaVidyalay) Rajendranagar, Hyderabad  Respective District Industry Centres 135 Annexe 1: Food colours, preservatives, additives that can be used in food preparation and processing units18: Natural colouring matters which may be used include: (a) Carotene & Carotenoids including (i) Beta-carotene (ii) Beta-apo 8'- carotenal (iii) Methylester of Beta-apo 8' carotenoic acid (iv) Ethylester of Beta-apo 8' carotenoic acid (v) Canthaxanthin (b) Chlorophyll (c) Riboflavin (Lactoflavin) (d) Caramel. (e) Annatto (f) Saffron (g) Curcumin or turmeric No Synthetic food colours or a mixture thereof except the following shall be used in food: Common name Chemical name Red Ponceau Azo Carmoisine Azo Erythrosine Xanthene 2. Yellow Tartrazine Pyrazolone Sunset Yellow Azo Blue Indigo Carmine Indigoid Brilliant Blue Triarylmethane Green Fast Green Triarylmethane Class I Preservatives - permitted in foods: Common salt. Sugar. Dextrose. Glucose Syrup. Spices. Vinegar or acetic acid. Honey Edible vegetable oils 18 Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Food Safety and Standards Authority of India Notification, viewed at http://www.fssai.gov.in/Portals/0/Pdf/Food%20safety%20and%20standards%20(Food%20product%20standards%20and%20 Food%20Additives)%20regulation,%202011.pdf on 28th March 2014. 136 Class II Preservatives – Use of more than one is prohibited (useage should be in recommended doses): Benzoic acid including salts thereof Sulphurous acid including salts thereof Nitrates or Nitrites of Sodium or Potassium in respect of food like ham, pickled meat, Sorbic acid including its sodium, potassium and calcium salts, propionates of calcium or sodium, lactic acid, and acid calcium phosphate. Nisin Sodium and calcium propionate. Methyl or propyl Parahydroxy-Benzoate. Propionic acid, including esters or salt thereof, Sodium diacetate, and Sodium, potassium and calcium salts of lactic acid. The use of the following flavouring agents are prohibited in any article of food, namely: Coumarin and dihydrocoumarin; Tonkabean (Dipteryl adorat); asarone and cinamyl anthracilate". Estragole Ethyl Methyl Ketone Ethyl-3-Phenylglycidate Eugenyl methyl ether Methyl β napthyl Ketone P.Propylanisole Saffrole and Isosaffrole hujone and Isothujone α & β thujone. Solvent in flavour. Diethylene Glycol and Monoethyl ether shall not be used as solvent in flavours. For specific details on permitted flavors, colors and additives in food products and dosages please refer Food Safety and Standards Authority of India notification (available at - http://www.fssai.gov.in/Portals/0/Pdf/Food%20safety%20and%20standards%20(Food%20product%20st andards%20and%20Food%20Additives)%20regulation,%202011.pdf) 137 Annexure 8: Guidelines for Drinking water supply, Toilets and Construction works: Guidelines for Drinking Water Supply: Location of water source:  Water source should not be closer than 15 m to the nearest leach pit or drain  It should not be closer than 300 m from nearest significantly used well  It should not be located in a notified groundwater stress areas identified by the State Government without obtaining requisite permission  It should not be located in an area having absence / inadequacy of drainage  It should not be closer than 100 m from the nearest sewage / industrial effluent disposal facility / land fill site  In case of surface water sources, it should be ensured that construction activity does not cause land erosion, subsidence, instability or alteration of natural drainage  It should not be located near or within any designated Natural habitat, wetland, sensitive ecosystems such as National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries without written permission from Forest Department  It should not be located in a waterlogged area  No displacement of local inhabitants is required for setting up the scheme Ensuring Water Quality:  Ensure the water quality testing of the source before planning of the water supply. Make sure that any water quality issues identified in the report are addressed suitably before any further work is undertaken.  Ensure periodic monitoring of water quality with help of nearest water testing labs and facilitate disinfection or water treatment when ever required.  Monitor regular cleaning of water tank by panchayat The responsibility of checking and integrating the above guidelines lies with CRP and action on the same lies with VO with support of concerned Front Level Worker (FLW). Apart from these generic guidelines site specific EMPs are to be prepared during establishing of drinking water supply with support of Sate Environment Expert and technical support agencies. 138 Guidelines for Individual Household latrines:  Safe distance of the toilet from drinking water sources to be followed. The location of the septic tank should be downhill from the water source depending on feasibility. The safe distance depends on local hydrological conditions, however 30 mts is treated as safe distance.  In areas with water scarcity water efficient toilets like ecosan toilets can be constructed  Appropriate location should be selected which will not discourage the use in consultation with the household.  Awareness on use and maintenance to be created to the households prior to construction  Water facility should be provided inside to the extent possible.  2 pit system toilet with Pan with steep slope 250-280 and trap with 20 mm water seal as designed by Sulabh International will reduce the usage of water (required 1-1.5 lits for flushing).  Hand wash facility outside the toilet should be made integral part of design or facility of water and soap should be made available outside.  Proper ventilation to be ensured as lack of ventilation or electricity discourages the use  The debris should be disposed away from the site preferably though land filling. The responsibility of checking and integrating the above guidelines lies with CRP and action on the same lies with VO with support of concerned Front Level Worker (FLW). Apart from these generic guidelines site specific EMPs are to be prepared for construction of community toilets with support of Sate Environment Expert and technical support agencies. Guidelines for construction works:  Constructions should not happen in fertile agricultural lands or borrowing soil from fertile agricultural lands for construction should be avoided  Construction site should not be prone to water logging on inundation during monsoons  All the construction waste should be disposed into a pre identified land fill or used for construction of roads under NREGS etc. the condition of disposal should be built into the contracts  Ensure required ventilation and natural illumination to reduce the need for energy  Fire proof and leakage proof measures to be integrated into the building design The responsibility of checking and integrating the above guidelines lies with CRP and action on the same lies with VO with support of concerned staff member in the project team. Apart from these generic guidelines site specific EMPs are to be prepared during construction works with support of Sate Environment Expert and technical support agencies. 139 Annexure 9: Report on Stakeholder Consultations Consultations in Karimnagar Details of consultations workshop: Date: 11th July 2014 Venue Training and Technology development Centre (TTDC) - Mahila Pragathi Pranganam Karimnagar Time: 11-00 AM to 2-00 PM The consultations workshop was chaired by Additional Project Director of office of the PD DRDA Karimnagar. Sri. K. Ramachandram state consultant of Community Managed Sustainable Agriculture made presentation on Environment Management Framework. The presentation involve  Background of the project - objectives and components of Telangana RIGP.  Importance of EMF in implementation of TRIGP.  Process of EMF development  Structure of EMF and Legal Regulatory frame work while implementing TRIGP.  Key aspects of EMF in Human Development interventions Key Discussions:  Green business opportunities to be given priority, Low cost technologies to be encouraged.  Premium prices should be aimed at through green labeling  Formation of producer groups and reduce use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.  Encourage high yielding varieties so that they can produce their own seed thereby reduce cost of cultivation on seeds.  NTPF livelihood and millets to be included in value chains.  Livestock: local breeds should be encouraged like DEONI ,and ONGOLE  Promotion of Biogas and Solar energy is suggested  Improving environment management in safe drinking water, sanitation and nutrition is key for health outcomes.  RWS has role in HD component in rural water supply and construction of IHHLs.  ICDS and Anganwadis should be provided with safe drinking water plants  Trainings to anganwadi workers on personal hygiene and suggested that they should participate in SHG and VO meetings.  Planting of trees should be encouraged through social forestry.  Millets should be included in our food value chains. Quality nutrition to the children and women through NDCC. 140 List of participants: 141 Consultations in Rangareddy Details of consultations workshop: Date: 15th July 2014 Venue Training and Technology development Centre (TTDC) - Mahila Pragathi Pranganam Time: 12-00 AM to 3-00 PM Ms. K.P. Vijaya Lakshmi, DPM (CMSA) Rangareddy presided over the workshop, Mr. K. Ramachandram state consultant CMSA made presentation on EMF and Ms. Vanitha Kommu from WB also participated in deliberations. The key aspects of the presentation include:  Environment and safe guard policies of WB  Background of TRIGP- project development objectives, project components  Project location and importance of EMF, applicability of EMF to TRIGP  Objectives of EMF and approach, structure  Legal and regulatory frame work for TRIGP  Livelihood and HD components and ICT partnerships  Institutional arrangements and capacity building on EMF Key Discussions:  HD components are important and awareness programmes and pilots should be planned. However burden on VOs and SHGs should be reduced.  Soakpits should be made mandatory in all houses and soakpits can be prepared through NREGS (option to be explored)  Premium prices through green labeling and local marketing of fresh produce  Livestock: local cattle breeds should be encouraged like DEONI, and ONGOLE and milk can be marketed at premium prices. Dung and urine can be used to prepare crop growth promoters and bio pesticides.  Apart from promotion of environment friendly technologies and practices the project can also focus on reversing the degradation already happened.  ICDS and Anganwadis should be provided with safe drinking water plants. Millets should be made part of diet  Encourage high yielding varieties so that they can produce their own seed thereby reduce cost of cultivation on seeds. Kitchen gardens to be promoted in Anganwadis and Households.  Planting of trees should be encouraged through social forestry.  Capacity building to VOs and SHG level will improve EMF adoptions  Adopt some villages and 10 to 15 farmers to implement sanitation and nutrition interventions initially which serve as demonstrations  Enforcement mechanism should exist at village level to ensure environmental benefits from EMF 142 List of participants: 143 Annexure 10: Format for Environmental Appraisal of Value Chains: Name of the Producer Group or Enterprise: Village, Mandal, Disitrct: Activity proposed: Details of environmental Appraisal: 1. Screening done or not (Yes or No): 2. Any activity that falls under negative list, if yes required permissions are taken or planned to be taken, (or) the particular activity is dropped or changed: (give details) 3. Greening of Value chain happened or not (yes or no). 3.a. If yes give the details of environment guidelines integrated and support requested Environment Issue Environment Guidelines or Support requested. indentified mitigation measures integrated 144 Name and Signature of Appraiser: Date: 145 Format for Environmental Appraisal of HD plans or Village Infrastructure Plans (VIPs): Name of the VO: Panchayat and Mandal: Activities proposed under HD plan or VIP: Details of environmental Appraisal: 1. Screening done or not (Yes or No): 2. Any activity that falls under negative list, if yes required permissions are taken or planned to be taken, (or) the particular activity is dropped or changed: (give details) 3. Environment Guidelines are integrated into the HD plan or not (yes or no). 3.a. If yes give the details of environment guidelines integrated and support requested Activity Environment Issue Environment Guidelines Support requested. indentified or mitigation measures integrated 146 Name and Signature of Appraiser: Date: 147 Annexure 11: Terms of references for Technical Agencies, Experts. 1. Inputs for TOR for hiring Environment Expert at Project Management Unit (PMU) for Telangana Rural Inclusive Growth Project (TRIGP) Introduction: Society for Elimination of Rural Poverty (SERP), Proposes Telangana Rural Inclusive Growth Project (TRIGP) which aims at supporting the SERP‟s goal of making the State poverty free by 2017 strategy of including poor into benefits of economic growth and this is consistent with the India Country Strategy (CAS) FY 2009-2012 and aligned with the three CAS objectives of (a) achieving rapid, inclusive growth, (b) ensuring that development is sustainable, and (c) increasing the effectiveness of service delivery. The project is also consistent with approach for XII Five Year Plan for a „faster, sustainable and more inclusive growth‟ and growth target of 8.2 percent. The overall strategy is to look beyond growth and focus on generation of employment to the millions of the youth in the State. This would eventually result in a faster reduction in unemployment and poverty through skill development and also help bridging multiple divides.19 Finally, the project also supports the GoI‟s "Finance Plus" approach by investing in building community institutions that can foster higher order impacts, bringing various schemes together on to one synergistic platform (gender, nutrition, education and livelihoods), improving service delivery in a sustainable manner, innovations and pilot approaches, besides leveraging financing from public and private sources through convergence and partnerships. The objective of TPRIGP is „to enable selected poor households to diversify and enhance sources of income and secure increased access to human development services and social entitlements‟. This will be achieved by supporting Government of Telangana in consolidating the rural poverty reduction initiatives under previous IDA supported projects (Andhra Pradesh District Poverty Initiatives Project and Andhra Pradesh Rural Poverty Reduction Project) with an emphasis on inclusive growth and livelihoods sustainability. A very brief description of the project components is given below: Component 1: Value Chain Enhancement through Producer Organizations: This component will work with small and marginal producers who have built up productive assets and have previously participated in productivity improvement and technology introduction programs. This component will have two sub-components viz. Rural Value Chains and Rural Retails Chains/Small Enterprises. Component 2 - Human Development: This component will invest in „lifecycle approach‟ through targeted mobilization of poor households for achieving MDGs in health and education leveraging the existing community institutional network. This would include special packages for tribal areas in the State. Component 3 - Access to entitlements: Access to social safety nets and entitlements will be the core agenda in the strategy for inclusion of the poorest households. This component will invest in leveraging existing institutional platform to ensure Socio-Economic Survey 2011-2012; Department of Planning, Government of Andhra Pradesh, March 2012 19 148 reliable and universal access to entitlements and public services (like food security, MNREGS, social pensions, scholarships, etc.). Component 4: TA, ICT & Partnerships: The objective of this component will be to improve the performance of project implementation and enhance coordination mechanisms with supply/demand side partner institutions by providing them technical assistance, strategic advisory and knowledge management services. The project will encourage productive partnerships to increase the integration of poor in performing and remunerative value chains. Component 5 - Project Implementation Support: The objective of this component is to strengthen the project implementation and will finance dedicated staffing for the project activities that are attributable to outcomes of the project, consultancies, training and related material, office equipment, and operational costs. It will also support establishing Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning (MEL) systems, Financial Management systems, Procurement Management, Governance and Accountability Systems, Knowledge Management and Communication, etc. For more details on the project refer to the Project Implementation Plan (PIP). Background Analysis: The Environment Management Frame Work (EMF) for the TRIGP is an integral part of the implementation arrangements related to activities concerned with environmental implication. An Environment study was undertaken and an Environment Management Framework has been developed for the TRIGP to ensure that interventions of projects are environmentally sustainable and compliance with applicable laws and regulations of the Government of India, the Government of Andhra Pradesh and triggered safeguard policies of the World Bank. The EMF is applicable to all components of the project in general and particularly to „Value chain enhancement through producer organizations‟ and „Human development components‟as the activities proposed under these two components are likely to have a bearing on the surrounding environment. The EMF implementation will be through the process of integration of environmental guidelines into the plans developed by the community under each component, Environment Appraisal of the plans developed for verifying the integration of environment guidelines and ensuring the implementation of specified guidelines and measures. An EMF manual and Environment Appraisal (EA) tools will be developed to screen the activities for any adverse impact on environment and to check the compliance with WB safeguard policies and legal and regulatory frame work of GOI and GOAP (erstwhile). Environmental Guidelines Suggests alternatives for mitigating potential risks and suggest negative list for both the component 1 and 2. Monitoring (through green audits) for the compliance is very critical for smooth implementation of EMF and to enhance the income levels of the beneficiaries by exploring business opportunities for fair trade, clean development mechanism etc. Scope of Job: The Environment Expert will be positioned at State level and is expected to handle the overall implementation of all components of EMF across the state – this would include facilitation of staff at 149 PMU and at district and cluster levels, technical agencies hired for specific purposes, ensuring smooth flow of capacity building programmes at state, district, cluster and village levels, and monitoring. Objective:  To provide required facilitation for implementation of EMF Key Tasks and Responsibilities:  Integrate EMF aspects into relevant project components and ensuring effective implementation. Coordination with relevant thematic heads for necessary liaison.  Coordination with all PMU staff and district level staff on actions required on EMF implementation  Identification and coordinating hiring of Technical agencies - for promoting green business opportunities, Capacity building and monitoring, Green standards and certification etc. and coordinating with the agencies for ensuring better and timely performance.  Identifying partners for support on need basis and building partnerships at state and district levels. Exploring convergence opportunities with line departments and implementation.  Providing any EMF related support to PMU, District units and technical agencies for smooth implementation  To monitor the progress of EMF implementation through regular monitoring.  Documentation of best practices in EMF implementation  Any other that emerges based on the need. Duration of assignment: This assignment is for five years from the date of contract. Reporting: The agency will report to CEO, SERP and any thematic head assigned. Eligibility: The person should have an experience of 10 years in natural resource management for sustainable rural livelihoods. He or she should have both field and programme management experience. Should have working experience with community at least for 5 years. Experience of working with Government is desirable. The person should have a master‟s degree in the following fields: Agriculture, Horticulture, Forest Management, Natural Resource Management, Animal Husbandry and Fisheries, Social Work, Rural Development. Proficiency in English, Telugu and Hindi is required. Proficiency in computers is must. 150 2. Inputs for TOR for ICT for Environment Management Framework (EMF) – To be included as part of ICT ToR by SERP Functionality: Environment Management Framework Coverage: Application for EMF is required for all value chains, retail outlets and human development components. Outputs required: A. Environment screening B. Environment Appraisal C. Tools for green certification D. Tractability of the value chain products E. Knowledge management for greening value chains and business management Modules in the application: Environment screening: Check list for screening for any potential adverse impact on environment (legal and regulatory requirement). Application should support Farmer Producer Organisation (FPOs) or Producer Group leaders, Green Community Resource Persons (CRPs) to take a decision on whether they can invest in this activity. Environment Appraisal: Environment Appraisal (EA) tools to screen the activities for any adverse impact on environment and to check the compliance with WB safeguard policies and legal and regulatory frame work of GoI and GoTS. Environment Guidelines will also be given to identify potential risk and suggests alternatives for mitigating the risk. The agency is expected to develop simple EA tools (based on the content provided in EMF document) which can be used by community professionals and FPO leaders. Further these tools should be useful for internal monitoring & audits and for accessing carbon credits, premiums for fair trade/ethical farming, green business etc. so that the beneficiaries can accelerate their incomes. Application will have multiple tools based on the value chain, retail chain, micro enterprise etc. This application should help the users in assessing the impact on environment and provide mitigation measures for the risk identified. Tools for green certification: Tools will be designed to assess the value chains against green standards. Tools should be user friendly so that the community professionals and FPO leaders will use these for internal monitoring (green audits). Application will have multiple tools for quantification of greening of the value chain. This application will help in accessing premium through carbon trade, fair trade, ethical farming, green business opportunities etc. 151 Traceability of the value chains: This application should provide documental evidence for Green Business requirements. It also should provide details of the value chain like who are involved, process and technologies using in the value chains to the consumers. It will help in building the trust among the consumers. Knowledge Management: ICT tools such as Video films, IEC materials on EA tools, green business initiatives, green value chains etc to be provided in the public domain. New device requirements: Tablets are required at FPO level. (Green CRPs). Analytics requirements: Dash boards: State level: Green certification details Status greening value chains Internal audits and third party monitoring (seasonal) – Village, cluster levels Capacity building programme details – State level, Cluster level, CP, FPO level District level: Green certification details Status of greening value chains (Business Plans) Internal monitoring – Village, cluster levels Capacity building programme details - Cluster level, CP, FPO level FPO level: Green certification details by third party monitoring Status of EA for value chains and other activities Internal monitoring – PG level Capacity Building Programmes – FPO level 152 3. TOR for hiring Technical Agency for EMF implementation. Introduction: Society for Elimination of Rural Poverty (SERP), Proposes Telangana Rural Inclusive Growth Project (TRIGP) which aims at supporting the SERP‟s goal of making the State poverty free by 2017 strategy of including poor into benefits of economic growth and this is consistent with the India Country Strategy (CAS) FY 2009-2012 and aligned with the three CAS objectives of (a) achieving rapid, inclusive growth, (b) ensuring that development is sustainable, and (c) increasing the effectiveness of service delivery. The project is also consistent with approach for XII Five Year Plan for a „faster, sustainable and more inclusive growth‟ and growth target of 8.2 percent. The overall strategy is to look beyond growth and focus on generation of employment to the millions of the youth in the State. This would eventually result in a faster reduction in unemployment and poverty through skill development and also help bridging multiple divides.20 Finally, the project also supports the GoI‟s "Finance Plus" approach by investing in building community institutions that can foster higher order impacts, bringing various schemes together on to one synergistic platform (gender, nutrition, education and livelihoods), improving service delivery in a sustainable manner, innovations and pilot approaches, besides leveraging financing from public and private sources through convergence and partnerships. The objective of TRIGP is „to enable selected poor households to diversify and enhance sources of income and secure increased access to human development services and social entitlements‟. This will be achieved by supporting Government of Telangana in consolidating the rural poverty reduction initiatives under previous IDA supported projects (Andhra Pradesh District Poverty Initiatives Project and Andhra Pradesh Rural Poverty Reduction Project) with an emphasis on inclusive growth and livelihoods sustainability. A very brief description of the project components is given below: Component 1: Value Chain Enhancement through Producer Organizations: This component will work with small and marginal producers who have built up productive assets and have previously participated in productivity improvement and technology introduction programs. This component will have two sub-components viz. Rural Value Chains and Rural Retails Chains/Small Enterprises. Component 2 - Human Development: This component will invest in „lifecycle approach‟ through targeted mobilization of poor households for achieving MDGs in health and education leveraging the existing community institutional network. This would include special packages for tribal areas in the State. Component 3 - Access to entitlements: Access to social safety nets and entitlements will be the core agenda in the strategy for inclusion of the poorest households. This component will invest in leveraging existing institutional platform to ensure reliable and universal access to entitlements and public services (like food security, MNREGS, social pensions, scholarships, etc.). Socio-Economic Survey 2011-2012; Department of Planning, Government of Andhra Pradesh, March 2012 20 153 Component 4: TA, ICT & Partnerships: The objective of this component will be to improve the performance of project implementation and enhance coordination mechanisms with supply/demand side partner institutions by providing them technical assistance, strategic advisory and knowledge management services. The project will encourage productive partnerships to increase the integration of poor in performing and remunerative value chains. Component 5 - Project Implementation Support: The objective of this component is to strengthen the project implementation and will finance dedicated staffing for the project activities that are attributable to outcomes of the project, consultancies, training and related material, office equipment, and operational costs. It will also support establishing Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning (MEL) systems, Financial Management systems, Procurement Management, Governance and Accountability Systems, Knowledge Management and Communication, etc. For more details on the project refer to Project Implementation Plan (PIP). Background Analysis: The Environment Management Frame Work (EMF) for the TRIGP is an integral part of the implementation arrangements related to activities concerned with environmental implication. An Environment study was undertaken and an Environment Management Framework has been developed for the TRIGP to ensure that interventions of projects are environmentally sustainable and compliance with applicable laws and regulations of the Government of India, the Government of Andhra Pradesh and triggered safeguard policies of the World Bank. The EMF is applicable to all components of the project in general and particularly to „Value chain enhancement through producer organizations‟ and „Human development components‟as the activities proposed under these two components are likely to have a bearing on the surrounding environment. The objective of the project is to bring in numerous livelihood activities that would help the federations and the producer groups to increase their household incomes. Meanwhile it is very important to keep in mind that all the livelihood interventions by the federations and producer groups should be compliant with the laws and regulations of the country and the state i.e. the legal and regulatory frameworks based on Government of India and Government of Andhra Pradesh and Safeguard policies of World Bank. Compliance with these rules and regulations ensure alignment of these investments with sustainable management of resources. Also the environmental benefits accrued will bring in economic enhancement in terms of premium for the green production process and produce. Also the interventions under Human development component such as drinking water provision, nutrition and sanitation will have environmental implications. Integration environment sustainability measures into these interventions is required. The EMF implementation will be through the process of integration of environmental guidelines into the plans developed by the community under each component, Environment Appraisal of the plans developed for verifying the integration of environment guidelines and ensuring the implementation of specified guidelines and measures. An EMF manual and Environment Appraisal (EA) tools will be developed to screen the activities for any adverse impact on environment and to check the compliance 154 with WB safeguard policies and legal and regulatory frame work of GOI and GOAP (erstwhile). Environmental Guidelines Suggests alternatives for mitigating potential risks and suggest negative list for both the component 1 and 2. Monitoring (through green audits) for the compliance is very critical for smooth implementation of EMF and to enhance the income levels of the beneficiaries by exploring business opportunities for fair trade, clean development mechanism etc. Scope of Assignment: The assignment is expected to develop EMF manual in local language, developing EA tools, Capacity Building modules for community and staff at different levels and IEC materials and video films on greening value chains and green business opportunities. It also includes conducting the capacity building programs and internal monitoring of the implementation of environment management frame work (EMF). Objectives:  Develop operational manual on EMF in local language  EA tools and guidelines in local language,  Information Education and Communication (IEC) material and Capacity Building (CB) modules for TRIGP functionaries, Green Community Professionals, Front Line Workers (FLW) of HD component. and Producer Groups  To deliver the capacity building programmes at State and cluster levels  To monitor the progress of EMF implementation through yearly internal audits. Key Tasks and Responsibilities: Developing EMF manual: The technical support agency is expected to develop an operational manual on EMF in line with the framework developed for the project. Environment Appraisal (EA) tools and Guidelines: Environment Appraisal (EA) tools are to be developed for the list of activities (please refer to EMF document for details) proposed under Value chain and Human Development components to screen the activities for any adverse impact on environment and to check the compliance with WB safeguard policies and legal and regulatory frame work of GOI and GOTS. Environmental guidelines to Suggest alternatives for mitigating potential risks are to be part of the tools. The agency is expected to develop simple EA tools and Guidelines which can be used by community professionals and Farmer Producer Organisation (FPO) leaders. Further these tools should be useful as monitoring tools for accessing carbon credits, premiums for fair trade/ethical farming, green business etc. so that the beneficiaries can accelerate their incomes. IEC material: Agency is expected develop and print following IEC material to be placed in offices of FPOs, K marts or office of the enterprises, Village Organisations, and to be used by green Community resource person who are the community facilitators for implementation of EMF. 155  Booklets on value chains for all 10 commodities – Agriculture, Livestock and Knitting of Rural Self Help Enterprises (KRuSHE) enterprises and Marts (list of value chains and enterprises is provided in EMF document)  Posters or calendars on environmental guidelines for various commodities (commodity wise posters) –10  Posters or calendars on sustainable dairy, small ruminant, poultry fisheries management. - 4  Posters or calendars in environmental aspects in farm based and nonfarm enterprises - 10.  Posters or calendars on safe drinking Water - 2  Posters or calendars on Sanitation -2 Capacity Building modules: Capacity building modules are expected to cater the needs of capacity building of project teams at different levels, Spear Head teams (SHTs) who operate at cluster level, FPO leaders, micro entrepreneurs and Green Community Resource Persons & Front Level Workers under HD component . Capacity building modules should cover value chains (agriculture, livestock, micro enterprises) and thematic areas in Human Development component 1. Sustainable agriculture, Livestock management etc. 2. Environmental issues and in the selected value chains commodities 3. Impact of Climate Change on Rural livelihoods and Adaptation 4. Environmental issues in micro enterprises 5. Environment guidelines for safe drinking water, deflouridation and sanitation Delivery of Capacity Building Programmes: Agency is expected to provide intensive capacity building programs for various stake holders. SERP will support the agency in organizing capacity building programs in terms of mobilizing the target groups. The training would involve class room sessions and field visits. Capacity building program should include video films on Environment Appraisal. The target groups and frequency of trainings is: State level orientation for Project Management Unit: 1 orientation followed by refresher once every year. State level staff (project teams): 1 main training and yearly refresher trainings for four years Cluster level staff (project teams, selected Community Resource Persons, FLWs of HD component): 1 main training and yearly refresher trainings for four years. Video films on Environment Assessment (EA) and green business opportunities: Agency is expected to produce at least one video film on EA each value chain, micro enterprises, K marts and Human development component. Further the agency is expected to produce video films on green business opportunities which can accelerate incomes of the beneficiaries. Internal monitoring (Green audits): Agency is expected to do desk review of 10% of value chains per cluster and field visits to 10% of VPGs covering different commodities and preparing feedback report to FPOs and SERP. Exact sample could be finalized in discussion with PMU. Agency is expected to deliver monitoring reports (green audit reports) in such a way that FPOs should able to access carbon credits or premiums under fair trade, ethical trade etc. 156 Identification, hiring and coordination of the third party agencies for Setting Green Standards and Green certification: The Agency is expected to bring on board the expertise for setting green standards, and for conducting green audits by third party agency in order to ensure premiums through green labeling. The inputs for the ToRs with the technical agencies is attached with this ToR as Annexe 1. Output and timeline: Out put Expected time line Development and printing of EMF manual and booklets First six months (local language) Development of EA tools (local language) First six months, IEC material Year 1 Capacity building Modules First Six months Capacity building programs for state teams First six months Capacity building programs for SHTs, FLWs /Project First nine months staff Development of video films on EA and green business First 12 months opportunities Refresher trainings Yearly once Monitoring Once in every year from second year onwards Setting Green standards with support from Techncial Second year experts Green audits and certification, green audits and green Year 2,3,4,5 (once every labeling involving third party agency year) Duration of assignment: This assignment is for five years from the date of contract. Reporting: The agency will report to CEO, SERP and the thematic heads. Coordination point will be State Environment Expert Eligibility Criteria:  The agency should have proven experience (5-10 years) in context of environment and rural livelihoods. The agency should have experience in working with rural communities on natural resource management for sustainable livelihoods.  Should have experience of working with Government.  Should have presence/reach in all the districts. Key Human Resource Requirements with profile: A 3 member dedicated task team (including a team leader) is required. The team leader should have an experience of 10 years and the team members at least 5 years in natural resource management for 157 sustainable livelihoods, water and sanitation. The team should have both field and programme management experience. The team members should have a master‟s degree in the following fields: Agriculture, Horticulture, Forest Management, Natural Resource Management, Animal Husbandry and Fisheries, Social Work, Rural Development. 158 Annexe 1:  Inputs for TOR for hiring Technical Agency for Setting Green Standards for enabling Economic enhancement through green marketing. Scope of Assignment: Setting standards for „Green Rating‟ of the value chains (selected commodities in agriculture commodities, livestock and micro enterprises) and other components through life cycle approach especially in productivity enhancement - green initiatives like non pesticide management, sustainable agricultural practices etc. and in processing for energy efficiency, water use efficiency etc. SERP will extensively promote the environment friendly alternatives in the value chains through demonstration, trainings and implementation support. The package of interventions are outlined in the EMF document prepared by SERP and under Community Managed Sustainable Agriculture (CMSA) component. Suggesting any additional environmentally sustainable practices with specific to the value chains is also part of the assignment. The standards for „Green Rating‟ of the value chains, micro enterprises and other components should enable the Producer groups to access premiums through carbon trading, fair trade, ethical farming etc. Developing user friendly „Green Rating‟ tools for rating which can be used by the project for internal audits will be part of the assignment. The concept and green rating standards specific to each intervention (value chains) and the tools should be presented in the form of a user manual. Objectives:  Develop a set of standards for „green rating‟ of the agriculture commodity, livestock and micro enterprises specified under the project. Developing green rating criteria for Human development component.  Developing „green rating‟ tools that can be used by field staff in rating the project interventions (after an orientation)  Preparing a manual with standards and tools  Exploring the options for tie up for premiums under carbon trading, fair trade, ethical farming, green labeling etc. and suggestion on marketing  Providing inputs for developing a traceability mechanism for consumer confidence. Key Tasks and Responsibilities: Developing green standards: The agency is expected develop standards for each value chain, retail chains and human development components which would make the produce, products and commodities so that they are eligible for accessing premiums under carbon credits, fair trade, ethical farming etc. 159 Tools for green certification: Agency is expected to develop simple but effective tools to assess the value chains against the preset green standards. Tools should be user friendly so that the field staff, community professionals and farmer Producer Group leaders will use these for internal monitoring. Traceability mechanism: Agency is expected to provide input support in developing software for tracing the produce to gain the trust of the consumers. Support in the content for Capacity Building programme: The Agency is expected to provide content support for capacity building the field staff and Community Resource Persons on green ratings and standards. Output and timeline: Out put Expected time line Setup green business standards By month 6 Tools for green certification By month 6 Capacity building content 6-8 months Support for Traceability mechanism - ICT application 6-8 months Duration of assignment: Assignment is for a period of 8 months. Reporting: The agency will report to Team Leader, Environment Agency and the coordination point at SERP will be State Environment Expert. Eligibility Criteria:  The agency should have proven experience (5-10 years) in context of green certification, carbon trading, fair trade etc  Should have experience of working with Government on Community related interventions, especially on sustainable agriculture and rural enterprises.  Should have liaison or be able to liase with organic or green market groups  Should have worked on traceability mechanisms Key Human Resource Requirements with profile: A five member dedicated task team (including a team leader) is required. The team leader should have an experience of 10 years and the team members at least 5 years in green certification. 160  Inputs for TOR for hiring Technical Agency for conducting Green Audits and Certification for enabling Economic enhancement through green marketing. Scope of Assignment: Conducting Environment Audits or Green Audits of the value chains and other components once every year against the pre set green standards using the green rating tools prepared. The audits should follow life cycle approach especially covering productivity enhancement (green initiatives like non pesticide management, sustainable agricultural practices etc.) and processing (energy efficiency, water use efficiency etc.) and storage and transport. Followed by every green audit the qualifying value chain commodities and producer groups should be certified for linking with green market. The green rating and certification also should have feedback mechanism integrated into it. Rating of the value chains, micro enterprises and other components should enable the Producer Groups to access premiums through carbon trading, fair trade, ethical farming etc .The agency should be able to link the certified products with the existing green markets within and Outside India. Objectives:  Conducting Green Audits and green ratings for all the value chains once every year or cycle (or crop season which ever may be relevant)  Third party certification for the green initiatives - produce, products etc.  Providing commodity wise or Producer group wise reports  Exploring the options and tie ups for premiums under carbon trading, fair trade, ethical farming, green labeling etc. and suggestion on marketing  Providing inputs for developing a traceability mechanism for consumer confidence. Key Tasks and Responsibilities: Green Audits and certification: Agency should do regular “green auditing „to all the value chains (on sampling basis) and other components at yearly intervals or once in crop seasons whichever is relevant. Qualified Groups should be provided with certification to enable the beneficiaries to access premiums through carbon trading, fair trade, green business opportunities etc. Commodity wise reports should be provided at end of every year or season. Support in accessing premiums: Followed by certification the agency is expected to support the Producer Groups to liase with the green markets to accessing premiums. Traceability mechanism: Agency is expected to support in develop software for tracing the produce to gain the trust of the consumers. 161 Feedback: After every green audit the agency should provide detailed feedback reports. Should also provide suggestions and content support on further capacity building in cases where required. Output and timeline: Out put Expected time line Green audit, certification, support in traceability Year 2 mechanism and market links. Detailed feedback report. Green audit, certification, support in traceability Year 3 mechanism and market links. Detailed feedback report. Green audit, certification, support in traceability Year 4 mechanism and market links. Detailed feedback report. Green audit, certification, support in traceability Year 5 mechanism and market links. Detailed feedback report. Duration of assignment: Assignment is for a period of 4 years. Reporting: The agency will report to Team Leader, Environment Agency and the coordination point at SERP will be State Environment Expert. Eligibility Criteria:  The agency should have proven record (5-10 years) in context of green audits, certification, carbon trading, fair trade etc  Should have experience of working with Government on Community related interventions, especially on sustainable agriculture and rural enterprises.  Should have liaison or be able to liaise with organic or green market groups  Should have worked on traceability mechanisms Key Human Resource Requirements with profile: A five member dedicated task team (including a team leader) is required. The team leader should have an experience of 10 years and the team members at least 5 years in green audits, certification and green marketing. 162