! ! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 79346 ! ! ! ! ! MACRO-FISCAL CONTEXT AND HEALTH FINANCING FACT SHEETS EUROPE!AND!CENTRAL!ASIA! ! How!Much!Can!a!Country!Spend!on!Health?!! ! ! Health! Financing! Revenue! Composition! Fiscal!Context! Macroeconomic!! Environment! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. ! These! factsheets! are! produced! by! a! task! team! consisting! of! Rafael! Cortez! (Task! Team! Leader,! Sr.! Economist,! HDNHE),! Aakanksha! Pande! (Young! Professional,! Health! Specialist,! MNSHH),! Patrick! Eozenou! (Young! Professional,! Economist,! HDNHE),! Adam! Leive! (Consultant),! Marc! Smitz! (Consultant),! and! Ece! Ozcelik! (Consultant),! under! the! overall! supervision! of! Armin! Fidler! (Acting! Sector! Manager,! HDNHE)! and! Nicole! Klingen! (Acting! Director,!HDNHE).!! ! The! task! team! is! grateful! for! inputs! from! Jack! Langenbrunner,! Ajay! Tandon,! Robert!Gilingham,!George!Schieber,!Edit!Velenyi,!and!Cheryl!Cashin.! ! The! financial! contribution! of! the! Rockefeller! Foundation! Trust! Fund! is! gratefully!acknowledged.!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! . . ABOUT.THE.MACRO3FISCAL.CONTEXT.AND.HEALTH.FINANCING.FACT.SHEETS. . Health.Financing.Indicators Health! Total!Health!Expenditure!(THE!as!%!GDP)! Financing! Government!Health!Spending!(GHE!as!%THE)! Government!Health!Spending!(GHE!as!%GGS)! Out!of!Pocket!Spending!(OOP!as!%!THE)! Sources!of! Revenue! Sources.of.Revenue Taxes!on!Income,!Profits!and!Capital!Gains!(%!GDP) Other!Taxes!(as!%!of!GDP) Fiscal!Context! Non\Tax!revenue!(as!%!of!GDP)! Fiscal.Context Macroeconomic! Gross!Debt!(as!%!of!GDP) Context!! Deficit!(as!%!of!GDP) Spending!(as!%!of!GDP) Revenues!(as!%!of!GDP)! Macroeconomic.Indicators Growth!(GDP!Constant!Prices)! Inflation!(end!of!period!consumer!prices)! !!!! Unemployment!(Rate)!!! ! . What.are.the.factsheets?. How! much! can! a! country! spend! on! health?! To! answer! this! question! it! is! important! to! understand! the! macro! fiscal! constraints! under! which! a! country! operates.! The! Macro! Fiscal! Context!and!Health!Financing!Factsheets!were!created!to!provide!quickly!digestible!information! about! a! given! country’s! fiscal! health! trends! over! time! and! benchmark! the! country! against! its! income!group!or!regional!peers.!! ! What.is.in.the.factsheets?.. The! factsheets! use! graphical! representations! of! 14! key! indicators! linked! to! the! larger! macro! fiscal!environment!in!which!a!health!system!operates.!The!definition!of!each!indicator!as!well!as! a! guide! for! interpreting! them! in! the! context! of! fiscal! space! for! health! is! provided! in! all! factsheets.!! . What.is.the.availability.of.the.factsheets?.. The!factsheets!are!available!for!188!countries!covering!a!period!from!1995\2010.!! . Where.is.the.data.from?.. The!data!used!in!the!factsheets!is!from!the!World!Development!Indicators!(World!Bank);!Word! Economic!Outlook!(IMF);!and!World!Health!Statistics!(WHO)!of!November!2012.!Gross!National! Income!(GNI)!is!based!on!the!Atlas!method!(current!US!$).!! ! .How.do.I.cite.the.factsheets?.. Pande,! A,! Leive! A,! Smitz! M,! Eozenou! P! and! E! Ozcelik.!Macro!fiscal!context!and!health!financing! factsheet.!World!Bank:!Washington!DC,!2013! ! For! inquiries,! please! contact:! Aakanksha! Pande:! apande@worldbank.org,! Ece! Ozcelik:! eozcelik@worldbank.org!and!Emiliana!Gunawan:!egunawan@worldbank.org!! ! ! . . . List.of.Countries.. ALBANIA......................................................................................................................................................1. ARMENIA.....................................................................................................................................................2. AZERBAIJAN...............................................................................................................................................3. BELARUS.....................................................................................................................................................4. BOSNIA.&.HERZEGOVINA......................................................................................................................5. BULGARIA...................................................................................................................................................6. CROATIA......................................................................................................................................................7. CZECH.REPUBLIC......................................................................................................................................8. ESTONIA......................................................................................................................................................9. ..................................................................................................................................................10. GEORGIA. HUNGARY.................................................................................................................................................11. KAZAKSHTAN.........................................................................................................................................12. KOSOVO,.REP..OF...................................................................................................................................13. ...............................................................................................................................14. KYRGYZ.REPUBLIC. LATVIA......................................................................................................................................................15. LITHUANIA..............................................................................................................................................16. MACEDONIA,.FYR..................................................................................................................................17. MOLDOVA................................................................................................................................................18. MONTENEGRO........................................................................................................................................19. POLAND....................................................................................................................................................20. ROMANIA.................................................................................................................................................21. RUSSIAN.FEDERATION........................................................................................................................22. SERBIA......................................................................................................................................................23. SLOVAK.REPUBLIC................................................................................................................................24. SLOVENIA.................................................................................................................................................25. TAJIKISTAN.............................................................................................................................................26. TURKEY....................................................................................................................................................27. TURKMENISTAN....................................................................................................................................28. UKRAINE..................................................................................................................................................29. UZBEKISTAN...........................................................................................................................................30. ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Albania Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 1995-2009 GNI per capita: 4.0e+03 10 70 Population: 3.2e+06 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 80 60 8 60 50 % % 6 % 40 40 4 20 30 2 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Albania [left] [right] Average in LMICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Indicators, 1995-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 15 40 30 10 20 % % 5 10 0 0 Growth Unemployment Inflation -10 Albania 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Year Average in LMICs Growth Unemployment Inflation Average in ECA Albania Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 1997-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 40 90 80 30 60 80 % GDP % GDP % GDP 40 20 70 20 10 60 0 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue 50 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 Albania Year Average in LMICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 1997-2004 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 15 10 10 % GDP % GDP 5 5 0 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue 0 Albania 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in LMICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Armenia Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 1995-2010 GNI per capita: 3.4e+03 80 Population: 3.1e+06 8 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 80 60 7 60 % % 6 % 40 40 5 20 20 4 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Armenia [left] [right] Average in LMICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Indicators, 1995-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 40 20 15 20 % 10 % 5 0 0 Growth Unemployment Inflation -20 Armenia 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Year Average in LMICs Growth Unemployment Inflation Average in ECA Armenia Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 1996-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 30 40 60 35 40 20 % GDP 30 % GDP % GDP 25 20 10 20 0 15 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 Armenia Year Average in LMICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 2003-2010 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 15 15 10 10 % GDP % GDP 5 5 0 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue 0 Armenia 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in LMICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Azerbaijan Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 1995-2010 GNI per capita: 5.3e+03 Population: 9.2e+06 80 8 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 80 7 60 60 6 % % 40 % 5 40 20 4 20 3 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Azerbaijan [left] [right] Average in LMICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Fiscal Indicators, 1995-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 40 10 80 30 8 60 20 6 % GDP % GDP % 40 10 4 20 2 0 -10 0 0 Growth Unemployment Inflation 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Azerbaijan Year Average in LMICs Growth Unemployment Inflation [left] [left] [right] Average in ECA Azerbaijan Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 2000-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 60 25 6040 40 20 % GDP % GDP % GDP 20 20 15 0 10 0 -20 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue -20 5 1995 2000 2005 2010 Azerbaijan Year Average in LMICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 2008-2010 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 25 25 20 20 % GDP 15 15 % GDP 10 10 5 5 0 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue 0 Azerbaijan 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in LMICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Belarus Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 1995-2010 GNI per capita: 5.8e+03 12 Population: 9.5e+06 80 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 80 60 10 60 % % 40 % 8 40 20 20 6 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Belarus [left] [right] Average in UMICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Indicators, 1995-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 250 25 200 20 15 150 % % 10 100 5 50 0 Growth Unemployment Inflation 0 Belarus 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Year Average in UMICs Growth Unemployment Inflation Average in ECA Belarus Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 1995-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 50 60 40 40 40 % GDP 30 30 % GDP % GDP 20 20 20 10 0 10 0 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue 1995 2000 2005 2010 Belarus Year Average in UMICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 1998-2010 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 15 20 10 15 % GDP % GDP 10 5 5 0 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue 0 Belarus 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in UMICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Bosnia and Herzegovina Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 1995-2009 GNI per capita: 4.8e+03 16 70 Population: 3.8e+06 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 14 80 60 12 60 50 % % 10 % 40 40 8 20 30 6 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Bosnia and Herzegovina [left] [right] Average in UMICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Indicators, 1998-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 25 30 20 20 15 % % 10 10 5 0 Growth Unemployment Inflation 0 Bosnia and Herzegovina 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Year Average in UMICs Growth Unemployment Inflation Average in ECA Bosnia and Herzegovina Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 1998-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 60 60 60 50 40 40 % GDP % GDP % GDP 40 20 20 30 0 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue 0 20 1995 2000 2005 2010 Bosnia and Herzegovina Year Average in UMICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 2003-2010 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 20 20 15 15 % GDP % GDP 10 10 5 5 0 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue 0 Bosnia and Herzegovina 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in UMICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Bulgaria Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 1995-2010 GNI per capita: 6.6e+03 12 Population: 7.5e+06 70 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 80 10 60 60 50 % % 8 % 40 40 6 20 30 4 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Bulgaria [left] [right] Average in UMICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Fiscal Indicators, 1995-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 600 20 10 8 400 10 6 % GDP % GDP % 4 200 0 2 0 Growth Unemployment Inflation -10 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Bulgaria Year Average in UMICs Growth Unemployment Inflation [left] [left] [right] Average in ECA Bulgaria Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 2000-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 40 80 60 30 60 40 % GDP % GDP % GDP 20 40 20 10 20 0 0 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue 1995 2000 2005 2010 Bulgaria Year Average in UMICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 2000-2010 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 20 15 15 10 % GDP % GDP 10 5 5 0 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue 0 Bulgaria 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in UMICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Croatia Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 2002-2010 GNI per capita: 1.4e+04 Population: 4.4e+06 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 80 60 % % % 40 20 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Croatia [left] [right] Average in HICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Indicators, 1995-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 15 15 10 10 % 5 % 5 0 0 Growth Unemployment Inflation -5 Croatia 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Year Average in HICs Growth Unemployment Inflation Average in ECA Croatia Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 2002-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 50 45 60 40 40 40 % GDP 30 % GDP % GDP 20 20 35 10 0 30 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 Croatia Year Average in HICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 2002-2010 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 20 15 15 % GDP 10 % GDP 10 5 5 0 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue 0 Croatia 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in HICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Czech Republic Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 1995-2010 GNI per capita: 1.9e+04 100 16 Population: 1.1e+07 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 14 80 80 12 60 60 % % 10 40 % 40 20 8 20 6 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Czech Republic [left] [right] Average in HICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Indicators, 1995-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 10 10 8 5 6 % % 4 0 2 0 Growth Unemployment Inflation -5 Czech Republic 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Year Average in HICs Growth Unemployment Inflation Average in ECA Czech Republic Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 1995-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 40 50 60 40 30 40 % GDP % GDP % GDP 30 20 20 20 10 0 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue 10 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 Czech Republic Year Average in HICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 1995-2010 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 10 10 8 % GDP % GDP 6 5 4 0 2 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue Czech Republic 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in HICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Estonia Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 1995-2010 GNI per capita: 1.5e+04 100 15 Population: 1.3e+06 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 80 80 60 60 10 % % 40 % 40 20 20 5 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Estonia [left] [right] Average in HICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Indicators, 1995-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 30 10 8 20 6 % 10 % 4 0 2 0 -10 Growth Unemployment Inflation Estonia 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Year Average in HICs Growth Unemployment Inflation Average in ECA Estonia Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 1995-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 50 9 60 40 8 40 % GDP 30 7 % GDP % GDP 20 6 20 10 5 0 0 4 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue 1995 2000 2005 2010 Estonia Year Average in HICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 1995-2010 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 14 15 12 10 % GDP 10 % GDP 8 5 6 0 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue 4 Estonia 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in HICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Georgia Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 1995-2010 GNI per capita: 2.9e+03 100 Population: 4.5e+06 10 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 80 80 8 60 60 % % 6 40 % 40 4 20 20 2 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Georgia [left] [right] Average in LMICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Fiscal Indicators, 1995-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 60 15 15 10 10 40 % GDP % GDP % 5 5 20 0 0 Growth Unemployment Inflation -5 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Georgia Year Average in LMICs Growth Unemployment Inflation [left] [left] [right] Average in ECA Georgia Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 2000-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 40 45 60 40 30 40 % GDP 35 % GDP % GDP 20 30 20 10 25 0 0 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue 20 1995 2000 2005 2010 Georgia Year Average in LMICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 2000-2010 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 15 15 10 10 % GDP % GDP 5 5 0 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue 0 Georgia 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in LMICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Hungary Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 1995-2010 GNI per capita: 1.3e+04 Population: 1.0e+07 12 80 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 80 11 60 10 60 % % 9 % 40 40 8 20 20 7 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Hungary [left] [right] Average in HICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Indicators, 1995-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 30 10 8 20 6 % 10 % 4 2 0 0 Growth Unemployment Inflation -10 Hungary 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Year Average in HICs Growth Unemployment Inflation Average in ECA Hungary Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 1995-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 80 50 80 40 60 % GDP 70 % GDP 30 % GDP 40 20 20 60 10 0 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue 50 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 Hungary Year Average in HICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 1995-2010 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 20 15 15 10 % GDP % GDP 10 5 5 0 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue 0 Hungary 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in HICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Kazakhstan Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 1995-2010 GNI per capita: 8.2e+03 70 Population: 1.7e+07 14 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 80 12 60 10 60 50 % % 8 % 40 40 6 20 4 30 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Kazakhstan [left] [right] Average in UMICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Fiscal Indicators, 1995-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 15 60 10 10 8 40 6 5 % GDP % GDP % 4 0 20 2 -5 0 Growth Unemployment Inflation -10 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Kazakhstan Year Average in UMICs Growth Unemployment Inflation [left] [left] [right] Average in ECA Kazakhstan Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 1995-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 30 20 60 20 40 15 % GDP % GDP % GDP 10 20 10 0 0 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue -10 5 1995 2000 2005 2010 Kazakhstan Year Average in UMICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 1997-2010 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 15 15 10 10 % GDP % GDP 5 5 0 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue 0 Kazakhstan 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in UMICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Kosovo Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 2000-2010 GNI per capita: 3.5e+03 Population: 1.8e+06 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 80 60 % % % 40 20 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Kosovo [left] [right] Average in LMICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Indicators, 2001-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 30 10 8 20 6 % 10 % 4 2 0 0 Growth Unemployment Inflation -10 Kosovo 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Year Average in LMICs Growth Unemployment Inflation Average in ECA Kosovo Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 2000-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 30 60 20 40 % GDP % GDP % GDP 10 20 0 0 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue -10 1995 2000 2005 2010 Kosovo Year Average in LMICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 2000-2010 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 10 % GDP % GDP 5 0 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue Kosovo 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in LMICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Kyrgyz Republic Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 1995-2010 GNI per capita: 9.2e+02 20 60 Population: 5.5e+06 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 55 80 15 50 60 % % 45 % 10 40 40 20 35 5 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Kyrgyz Republic [left] [right] Average in LICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Indicators, 1995-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 40 10 30 8 6 20 % % 4 10 2 0 0 Growth Unemployment Inflation -10 Kyrgyz Republic 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Year Average in LICs Growth Unemployment Inflation Average in ECA Kyrgyz Republic Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 2000-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 40 120 60 30 100 40 % GDP % GDP % GDP 20 80 20 10 60 0 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue 0 40 1995 2000 2005 2010 Kyrgyz Republic Year Average in LICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 1995-2010 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 15 10 10 % GDP % GDP 5 5 0 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue 0 Kyrgyz Republic 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in LICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Latvia Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 1995-2010 GNI per capita: 1.2e+04 12 70 Population: 2.2e+06 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 80 60 10 60 50 % % % 8 40 40 20 6 30 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Latvia [left] [right] Average in UMICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Indicators, 1995-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 15 20 10 10 % % 0 5 -10 0 Growth Unemployment Inflation -20 Latvia 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Year Average in UMICs Growth Unemployment Inflation Average in ECA Latvia Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 1998-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 40 60 40 30 30 40 % GDP % GDP % GDP 20 20 20 10 10 0 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 Latvia Year Average in UMICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 1998-2010 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 12 15 10 10 % GDP 8 % GDP 5 6 4 0 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue 2 Latvia 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in UMICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Lithuania Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 1995-2010 GNI per capita: 1.2e+04 15 80 Population: 3.2e+06 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 80 60 60 10 % % % 40 40 20 20 5 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Lithuania [left] [right] Average in UMICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Indicators, 1996-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 20 10 10 % 5 % 0-10 0 Growth Unemployment Inflation -20 Lithuania 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Year Average in UMICs Growth Unemployment Inflation Average in ECA Lithuania Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 2000-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 40 60 40 35 30 40 % GDP 30 % GDP % GDP 20 25 20 10 20 0 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue 15 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 Lithuania Year Average in UMICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 2000-2010 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 12 15 10 10 % GDP 8 % GDP 5 6 4 0 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue 2 Lithuania 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in UMICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Macedonia, FYR Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 1995-2010 GNI per capita: 4.7e+03 20 70 Population: 2.1e+06 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 80 60 15 60 50 % % % 10 40 40 20 30 5 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Macedonia, FYR [left] [right] Average in UMICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Indicators, 1995-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 40 30 30 20 20 % % 10 10 0 0 Growth Unemployment Inflation -10 Macedonia, FYR 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Year Average in UMICs Growth Unemployment Inflation Average in ECA Macedonia, FYR Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 1998-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 50 40 60 30 40 40 % GDP % GDP % GDP 20 20 30 10 0 0 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue 20 1995 2000 2005 2010 Macedonia, FYR Year Average in UMICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 2005-2008 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 15 15 10 % GDP % GDP 10 5 0 5 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue Macedonia, FYR 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in UMICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Moldova Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 1995-2010 GNI per capita: 2.0e+03 16 70 Population: 3.6e+06 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 14 80 60 12 60 50 % % 10 % 40 40 8 20 30 6 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Moldova [left] [right] Average in LMICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Indicators, 1995-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 10 40 8 30 6 % 20 % 4 10 2 0 0 Growth Unemployment Inflation -10 Moldova 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Year Average in LMICs Growth Unemployment Inflation Average in ECA Moldova Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 1995-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 50 60 150 40 40 % GDP 100 30 % GDP % GDP 20 20 50 10 0 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue 0 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 Moldova Year Average in LMICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 1995-2010 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 20 2015 15 % GDP % GDP 10 10 5 5 0 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue 0 Moldova 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in LMICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Montenegro Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 1995-2009 GNI per capita: 7.1e+03 18 Population: 6.3e+05 70 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 16 80 60 14 50 60 % % 12 40 % 40 10 30 20 8 20 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Montenegro [left] [right] Average in UMICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Indicators, 2000-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 30 10 8 20 6 % 10 % 4 2 0 0 Growth Unemployment Inflation -10 Montenegro 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Year Average in UMICs Growth Unemployment Inflation Average in ECA Montenegro Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 2002-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 60 80 60 70 40 40 % GDP 60 % GDP % GDP 20 50 20 40 0 0 30 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue -20 1995 2000 2005 2010 Montenegro Year Average in UMICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 1995-2009 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 15 10 % GDP % GDP 5 0 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue Montenegro 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in UMICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Poland Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 1995-2010 GNI per capita: 1.2e+04 12 80 Population: 3.8e+07 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 80 10 60 60 % % 8 % 40 40 6 20 20 4 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Poland [left] [right] Average in UMICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Indicators, 1995-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 10 20 8 15 6 % % 10 4 2 5 0 Growth Unemployment Inflation 0 Poland 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Year Average in UMICs Growth Unemployment Inflation Average in ECA Poland Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 1995-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 55 50 60 40 50 40 % GDP 30 % GDP % GDP 45 20 20 40 10 0 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue 35 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 Poland Year Average in UMICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 2001-2010 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 12 15 10 10 % GDP % GDP 8 5 6 0 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue 4 Poland 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in UMICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Romania Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 1995-2010 GNI per capita: 7.9e+03 14 Population: 2.1e+07 80 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 12 80 60 10 60 % % 8 40 % 40 6 20 20 4 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Romania [left] [right] Average in UMICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Fiscal Indicators, 1995-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 150 15 10 8 10 100 6 % GDP % GDP % 5 4 50 0 2 -5 0 Growth Unemployment Inflation 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Romania Year Average in UMICs Growth Unemployment Inflation [left] [left] [right] Average in ECA Romania Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 2000-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 40 60 30 30 25 40 % GDP % GDP % GDP 20 20 20 10 15 0 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue 10 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 Romania Year Average in UMICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 2002-2010 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 12 15 10 10 % GDP 8 % GDP 5 6 4 0 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue 2 Romania 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in UMICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Russian Federation Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 1995-2010 GNI per capita: 1.0e+04 14 80 Population: 1.4e+08 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 12 80 60 10 60 % % 8 40 % 40 6 20 20 4 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Russian Federation [left] [right] Average in UMICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Fiscal Indicators, 1995-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 150 15 10 10 8 100 6 5 % GDP % GDP % 4 0 50 2 -5 0 Growth Unemployment Inflation -10 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Russian Federation Year Average in UMICs Growth Unemployment Inflation [left] [left] [right] Average in ECA Russian Federation Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 1998-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 100 60 40 80 30 40 % GDP 60 % GDP 20 % GDP 40 10 20 20 0 0 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue -10 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 Russian Federation Year Average in UMICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 2002-2010 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 15 15 10 10 % GDP % GDP 5 5 0 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue 0 Russian Federation 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in UMICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Serbia Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 1995-2009 GNI per capita: 5.7e+03 Population: 7.3e+06 14 70 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 80 60 12 50 60 % % 10 40 % 40 30 20 8 20 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Serbia [left] [right] Average in UMICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Fiscal Indicators, 1997-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 30 25 100 20 20 15 % GDP % GDP % 10 50 10 0 5 0 -10 Growth Unemployment Inflation 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Serbia Year Average in UMICs Growth Unemployment Inflation [left] [left] [right] Average in ECA Serbia Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 2000-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 250 50 80 40 200 60 % GDP 30 % GDP % GDP 150 40 20 100 20 10 50 0 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 Serbia Year Average in UMICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 2007-2010 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 20 2015 15 % GDP % GDP 10 10 5 5 0 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue 0 Serbia 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in UMICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Slovak Republic Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 1995-2010 GNI per capita: 1.6e+04 100 16 Population: 5.4e+06 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 14 80 80 10 12 60 60 % % 40 % 40 8 20 20 6 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Slovak Republic [left] [right] Average in HICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Indicators, 1995-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 20 15 15 10 10 % % 5 5 0 0 Growth Unemployment Inflation -5 Slovak Republic 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Year Average in HICs Growth Unemployment Inflation Average in ECA Slovak Republic Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 1997-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 50 50 60 40 45 40 % GDP % GDP 30 % GDP 40 20 20 35 10 0 30 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 Slovak Republic Year Average in HICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 2003-2010 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 12 10 10 % GDP 8 % GDP 5 6 4 0 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue 2 Slovak Republic 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in HICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Slovenia Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 1995-2010 GNI per capita: 2.4e+04 14 80 Population: 2.1e+06 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 80 12 60 60 10 40 % % % 40 20 8 20 6 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Slovenia [left] [right] Average in HICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Indicators, 1995-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 10 10 8 5 6 % % 0 4 2 -5 0 Growth Unemployment Inflation -10 Slovenia 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Year Average in HICs Growth Unemployment Inflation Average in ECA Slovenia Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 1995-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 50 40 60 40 35 40 % GDP 30 30 % GDP % GDP 20 20 25 10 20 0 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue 15 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 Slovenia Year Average in HICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 1995-2010 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 20 15 15 10 % GDP % GDP 10 5 5 0 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue 0 Slovenia 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in HICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Tajikistan Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 1995-2010 GNI per capita: 8.7e+02 80 Population: 7.0e+06 8 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 80 60 6 60 % % % 40 40 4 20 20 2 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Tajikistan [left] [right] Average in LICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Fiscal Indicators, 1995-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 10 10 2000 8 5 1500 6 % GDP % GDP 0 % 1000 4 -5 500 2 -10 0 Growth Unemployment Inflation -15 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Tajikistan Year Average in LICs Growth Unemployment Inflation [left] [left] [right] Average in ECA Tajikistan Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 1998-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 120 30 60 100 20 40 % GDP 80 % GDP % GDP 60 20 10 40 0 0 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue 20 1995 2000 2005 2010 Tajikistan Year Average in LICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 1998-2004 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 10 10 8 % GDP 6 % GDP 5 4 2 0 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue 0 Tajikistan 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in LICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Turkey Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 1995-2010 GNI per capita: 1.0e+04 80 Population: 7.4e+07 12 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 80 10 60 60 8 % % 40 % 6 40 4 20 20 2 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Turkey [left] [right] Average in UMICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Fiscal Indicators, 1995-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 100 15 10 80 8 10 60 6 % GDP % GDP % 5 4 40 0 2 20 0 -5 Growth Unemployment Inflation 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Turkey Year Average in UMICs Growth Unemployment Inflation [left] [left] [right] Average in ECA Turkey Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 2000-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 80 60 40 70 30 40 % GDP % GDP % GDP 60 20 20 50 10 0 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue 40 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 Turkey Year Average in UMICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 2006-2010 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 14 15 12 10 % GDP % GDP 10 5 8 0 6 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue Turkey 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in UMICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Turkmenistan Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 1995-2010 GNI per capita: 4.1e+03 15 80 Population: 5.1e+06 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 80 10 60 60 % % % 40 40 5 20 20 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Turkmenistan [left] [right] Average in LMICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Fiscal Indicators, 1995-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 1500 20 10 8 1000 10 6 % GDP % GDP % 4 500 0 2 0 -10 Growth Unemployment Inflation 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Turkmenistan Year Average in LMICs Growth Unemployment Inflation [left] [left] [right] Average in ECA Turkmenistan Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 1997-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 30 60 60 20 40 % GDP 40 % GDP % GDP 10 20 20 0 0 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue -10 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 Turkmenistan Year Average in LMICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 1995-2010 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 10 % GDP % GDP 5 0 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue Turkmenistan 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in LMICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Ukraine Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 1995-2010 GNI per capita: 3.1e+03 70 Population: 4.6e+07 10 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 80 60 9 60 50 % % 8 % 40 7 40 20 6 30 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Ukraine [left] [right] Average in LMICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Fiscal Indicators, 1995-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 200 20 10 8 150 10 6 % GDP % GDP % 100 0 4 -10 50 2 0 Growth Unemployment Inflation -20 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Ukraine Year Average in LMICs Growth Unemployment Inflation [left] [left] [right] Average in ECA Ukraine Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 1997-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 60 60 60 50 40 40 % GDP 40 % GDP % GDP 30 20 20 20 0 0 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue 10 1995 2000 2005 2010 Ukraine Year Average in LMICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 1999-2010 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 12 10 10 % GDP 8 % GDP 5 6 4 0 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue 2 Ukraine 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in LMICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Uzbekistan Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1A. Health Financing Indicators, 1995-2010 GNI per capita: 1.5e+03 70 Population: 2.9e+07 9 2A. Health Financing Indicators, 2010 80 60 8 60 50 % % 7 % 40 40 6 20 30 5 1995 2000 2005 2010 0 Year Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) Tot. Health Exp. (% GDP) Govt. (% THE) Uzbekistan [left] [right] Average in LICs Govt. (% GGS) OOP (% THE) [left] [right] Average in ECA 1B. Macroeconomic Fiscal Indicators, 1995-2017 2B. Macroeconomic Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 150 10 10 8 100 6 % GDP % GDP % 5 4 50 2 0 0 Growth Unemployment Inflation 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Uzbekistan Year Average in LICs Growth Unemployment Inflation [left] [left] [right] Average in ECA Uzbekistan Macro-Fiscal Context and Health Financing Factsheet 1C. Fiscal Indicators, 1995-2010 2C. Fiscal Indicators, Average 2012-2017 (proj.) 60 60 60 40 40 40 % GDP % GDP % GDP 20 20 20 0 0 Debt De�cit Spending Revenue -20 0 1995 2000 2005 2010 Uzbekistan Year Average in LICs Debt De�cit Spending Revenue [left] [right] [right] [right] Average in ECA 1D. Sources of Revenue, 1995-2010 2D. Sources of Revenue, 2010 10 % GDP % GDP 5 0 Income tax Other taxes Grants & other revenue Uzbekistan 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year Average in LICs Income Other Taxes Grants & Other Revenue Average in ECA Definition of Macro Fiscal Health Indicators The$14$indicators$describe$a$country’s$macro5fiscal$environment$to$identify$constraints$or$opportunities$for$health$systems$financing.$For$each$ indicator$two$aspects$are$important:$level$and$trend.$A$country$with$a$10$percent$unemployment$rate$that$has$fallen$from$15$percent$may$be$ in$ better$ shape$ than$ one$ with$ an$ 8$ percent$ unemployment$ rate$ that$ has$ risen$ from$ 4$ percent.$ It$ is$ also$ important$ to$ benchmark$ to$ group$ averages$of$countries$in$the$same$Word$Bank$(WB)$region$(EAS,$ECS,$LCN,$MEA,$NAC,$SAS,$or$SSF)$and$income$group$(HIC,$Upper$MIC,$Lower$ MIC,$or$LIC).$ $ Indicator Source Definition How to interpret for fiscal space for health? Health Financing Indicators The sum of public and private health expenditure, which covers provision of health services (preventive 1. Total health expenditure World Health and curative), family planning activities, nutrition (THE as % GDP) Organization activities, and emergency aid designated for health (WHO) but does not include provision of water and sanitation (ratios in nominal LCUs). Consists of recurrent and capital spending from Health financing indicators reflect not only the 2. Government health WHO government (central and local) budgets, external share of resources devoted to health, but also spending (GHE as % borrowings and grants, and social health insurance the role of the government in the health sector THE) funds (ratios in nominal LCUs). in terms of financing, provision, or regulation. General government health spending as share of 3. Government health WHO general government spending (GGS) (ratios in spending (GHE as % nominal LCUs).! GGS) The direct outlay of households including gratuities 4. Out of pocket spending WHO and in-kind payments to health practitioners, (OOP as % THE) suppliers of pharmaceuticals, and other goods and services whose primary intent is to improve health status (ratios in nominal LCUs). Macroeconomic Indicators Growth is the most important macroeconomic 5. Growth (GDP, constant International Growth is the rate of change of a nation’s GDP from indicator. Additional fiscal space for health can prices) Monetary one year to another. be generated through economic growth without Fund (IMF) altering government spending priorities. Persistent high unemployment is also evidence Unemployment is the rate of unemployed workers of of structural problems in the economy. High the total labor force. Unemployed workers are rates of unemployment also may affect fiscal 6. Unemployment (rate) IMF currently not working but are willing and able to work space for health if a large share of government for pay, currently available to work, and have actively health resources come from searched for work. employer/employee contributions through payroll taxes. 7. Inflation (end of period IMF Inflation is the rate at which general level of prices for High levels of inflation can indicate structural consumer prices) goods and services are rising. problems and macroeconomic instability. Debt, Deficits, and Spending Indicators General government gross includes debt liabilities in SDRs, currency and deposits, debt securities, loans, 8. Gross Debt (as % of IMF insurance, pensions and standardized guarantee GDP) schemes, and other accounts payable. Equity and investment fund shares and financial derivatives and employee stock options are not included. General government net lending or borrowing is In the medium to long run, the level of debt is revenue minus total expenditure—it is the extent to the most important indicator of fiscal solvency, 9. Deficit (as % of GDP) IMF which general government is putting in or utilizing the and the deficit provides information on whether financial resources generated by other sectors and the debt level is under control or being brought non-residents. under control. The level of spending reflects Total expenditure is the total expense and the net choices about the role of government in the 10. Spending (as % of IMF acquisition of nonfinancial assets. It accounts for economy. These choices should be constantly GDP) disposals of nonfinancial assets. reviewed. Revenue consists of taxes, social contributions, 11. Revenues (as % of IMF grants receivable, and other revenue. Revenue GDP) increases government’s net worth, which is the difference between its assets and liabilities. Revenue Composition 12. Taxes on income, WB/IMF Tax payments on personal and corporate income and profits, and capital gains capital gains. The cost of raising revenues, in terms of the (% GDP) excess burden, generally differs by the source 13. Other taxes (% GDP) WB/IMF Other forms of tax payments, including taxes on of revenue. international trade, VAT, and other excise taxes. 14. Non-tax revenue (% WB/IMF Other forms of revenue, including grants. GDP) ! ! ! ! ! !