91485 September/2014 EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA TRENDS POVERTY & POVERTY HEADCOUNT RATIO, 2000-2012 SHARED PROSPERITY Source: ECATSD using ECAPOV. SURVEY DATA AT A GLANCE 100 US$ 5.00 MOLDOVA 1 80 60 US$ 2.50 GDP per capita, PPP (current international $) 3,368 (2012) GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$)1 2,070 (2012) 40 Rural population (% of total population)1 52 (2012) National strategy for statistical development 2012-2015 20 P OVER TY 0 Population living below national line (%)1 16.60 (2012) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Population living below US$ 1.25 (%)2 0.21 (2012) INEQUALITY INDICES, 2000-2012 Population living below US$ 2.5 (%)2 6.00 (2012) Population living below US$ 5.00 (%)2 46.41 (2012) Source: ECATSD using ECAPOV. GINI THEIL Population living above US$ 10.00 (%)2 11.65 (2012) 0.40 Population living in multidimensional poverty (%)3 1.90 (2005) 0.35 I NEQUAL I TY 0.30 Gini index2 0.29 (2012) 0.25 Theil index2 0.15 (2012) 0.20 SH AR ED P R OSP ER I TY 0.15 Welfare definition Consumption 0.10 Period of analysis 2007-2012 0.05 Income/consumption growth of bottom 40 2 2.81% 0.00 Income/consumption growth total population 2 -0.06% 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Income/consumption growth of top 60 2 -0.80% GDP growth1 2.85% INCOME/CONSUMPTION GROWTH PER CAPITA BY QUINTILE, 2007-2012 Growth of private consumption 1 1.86% Source: ECATSD using ECAPOV. GROWTH SHARE (FINAL) Sources: 1 WDI. 2 ECATSD using ECAPOV. 3 UNDP. 5.0% 40% 4.0% 3.0% 30% PERFORMANCE 2.0% Growth Global ECA Share 1.0% 20% Value Global Conditional ECA Conditional Years 0.0% Poverty change 2006- 1 -2.14% 84 86 76 73 -1.0% 10% (US$ 2.50)* 2011 Income/ -2.0% 2007- -3.0% 0% consumption growth 2.81% 45 99 55 85 2012 1 (poorest) 2 3 4 5 (richest) of the bottom 40%**1 UNDP Human CONSUMER PRICE INDEX, 2000-2013 0.660 113/186 - 26/29 - 2012 Source: National Bureau of Statistics, Moldova. Note: 2000 =100. Development Index 2 GENERAL FOOD *Annualized. Benchmarking numbers present percent ile perf ormance among indicat ed dist ribut ion group. “Condit ional” ref ers t o perf ormance when cont rolling f or povert y in t he init ial period, GDP per capit a, f ragilit y 250 index, landlocked count ry, count ry growt h rat e, global growt h rat e, and f requency of povert y dat a. **Annualized. Benchmarking numbers present percent ile perf ormance among indicat ed dist ribut ion group. 200 “Condit ional” ref ers t o percent ile perf ormance when cont rolling f or t ype of welf are measure, GNI per capit a 2012,Gini in f irst period, povert y head count in f irst period, and count ry growt h rat e. 150 Sources: 1ECATSD using ECAPOV. Azevedo and Nguyen (2014). 2UNDP (2013). 100 LIVING BELOW US$ 2.50 50 DEMOGRAPHICS LIVING BETWEEN US$ 2.50- 5.00 0 LIVING ABOVE US$ 5.00 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 POPULATION BY AGE AND POVERTY STATUS, 2012 (MILLIONS) Source: ECATSD using ECAPOV. 65-older CONTRIBUTORS 55-64 GROWTH DISTRIBUTION 45-54 35-44 % CONTRIBUTION TO POVERTY REDUCTION, (US$ 2.50), 2007-2012 25-34 Source: ECATSD using ECAPOV. 15-24 0-14 0.40 0.20 0.00 0.20 0.40 Women Men -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 NATIONAL DATA Official poverty estimates in Moldova are produced by the National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova based on the Household Budget Survey (HBS). The official poverty rate is measured by the population in households which have monthly expenditures per adult equivalent lower than the absolute poverty line, in relation to the total number of population, expressed in percentage. The absolute poverty line represents the value of food expenses which ensure the consumption of 2,282 kcal/person/day, adjusted to the food consumption structure of the households from the 2-4 deciles, and non-food expenses established based on the average structure of households’ expenditures. In 2012, the most recent year of published figures, 16.6 percent of the population lived in poverty.* The most recent national strategy for statistical development in Moldova spans the period 2012-2015. The most recent HBS available for Moldova in the World Bank’s regional internal microdata catalog, the ECA Data Portal, is for the year 2012. *Source: National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova. ROMA POPULATION SOURCES OF INCOME * HH EXPENDITURES* (% of monthly total, avg.) R o m a No n -R o m a (% of monthly total, avg.) R o m a No n -R o m a Earnings related to employment 24% 40% Alcohol and cigarettes 4% 3% KEY POVERTY AND INEQUALITY INDICATORS R o m a No n -R o m a Unemployment benefits 6% 2% Transportation 4% 5% Pensions 24% 43% Socializing event 1% 1% Absolute poverty rate PPP$ 4.30 (income) 65% 28% Social assistance 6% 2% Durable goods 0% 1% Absolute poverty rate PPP$ 4.30 51% 24% Child allowance 4% 1% Education 1% 2% Absolute poverty rate PPP$ 2.15 (income) 38% 7% Income from other labor 14% 6% Food, everyday household 49% 49% Absolute poverty rate PPP$ 2.15 21% 3% Remittances (money transfers) 21% 6% Clothes (incl. shoes) 5% 7% Gini coefficient 0.571 0.38 Other 2% 0% Housing (rent and public 14% 18% Ratio of richest 20% v. poorest 20% 33.16 7.30 Medicines and medical services 12% 10% EU material deprivation index: 92% 81% EU severe material deprivation index: 86% 64% Source: UNDP/WB/EC Roma survey for Moldova (2011). *Note: Non-Roma data refers to Non-Roma living in the same neighborhoods or vicinity. KEY INDICATORS To t al US$ 2 . 5 0 Poor No n -P o o r US$ 5 . 0 0 Poor No n -P o o r R elat iv e Gr o u p Bo t t o m 4 0 % To p 6 0 % Year D em o gr ap h ic s Share of total population (%) 100% 6% 94% 46% 54% 40% 60% 2012 % of group living in rural areas 58% 83% 56% 73% 44% 74% 46% 2012 % of group living in urban areas 42% 17% 44% 27% 56% 26% 54% 2012 % of households with 4+ members 24% 52% 22% 35% 16% 37% 17% 2012 Dependency Ratio: Children (0-14)/all HH members 0.26 0.47 0.24 0.35 0.19 0.36 0.20 2012 Dependency Ratio: Elderly 65+/all HH members 0.20 0.17 0.20 0.23 0.18 0.23 0.18 2012 Share of households with Female Head (%) 42% 34% 42% 38% 45% 37% 44% 2012 Average HH size 2.51 3.60 2.46 2.92 2.23 2.99 2.27 2012 Ed u c at io n Proportion of group with None/