63778  Annual Report FISCAL YEAR 2010 POVERTY REDUCTION | PARTICIPATION | EMPOWERMENT | COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT | SUSTAINABILITY 8LI;SVPH&ERO Concessional Finance & Global Partnerships 8LI+SZIVRQIRXSJ.ETER Annual Report FISCAL YEAR 2010 The Japan Social Development Fund (JSDF) was established by the Government of Japan and the World Bank in June 2000 as a mechanism for providing direct assistance to the poorest and most vulnerable groups in eligible member countries of the World Bank Group, while fostering long-term social development. JSDF grants target initiatives that provide rapid results in poverty alleviation and foster the direct participation of NGOs, community groups and civil society. The main purposes of the JSDF are to: ■ support innovative programs which directly respond to the needs of the poorest and most vulnerable groups (PICTURED TOP TO BOTTOM) in society; HAITI – Emergency Community ■ provide rapid and demonstrable Cash for Work (TF097742). Signing Ceremony on September 29, 2010. benefits which can be sustained, PERU – Participatory Intervention Model to Improve Child Nutrition (TF096419). to the poorest and most vulnerable Signing Ceremony on October 22, 2010. groups; and TAJIKISTAN – Pilot Nutrition Investment in Severely Food Insecure Districts ■ build capacity, participation and of Khation Province (TF097132). Signing Ceremony on November 10, 2010. empowerment of civil society, local communities and NGOs. 8LI;SVPH&ERO Concessional Finance & Global Partnerships 8LI+SZIVRQIRXSJ.ETER Message from the Chair of the JSDF Steering Committee T he year 2010 marked the 10th anniver- sary of the Japan Social Development Fund (JSDF), a unique multi-sector grants program targeting poverty reduction with the aim of improving human security. Also noteworthy in FY10 was the increased priority given to knowledge dissemination and learning. i The l Th h of launch the f th Over the past ten years, the JSDF has JSDF Good Practice Notes (GPN), a four-page provided support for innovative programs brief that presents the key design features, aimed directly at the poorest and most and lessons learned from selected JSDF vulnerable in society. By supporting piloting of projects will provide the basis for improved new approaches to community engagement cross-country knowledge sharing and project JSDF projects have brought insights that design. FY10 was the third consecutive have routinely been scaled up through IDA year to hold knowledge sharing events. projects, government policy, other donors, This year, two special events were held with and the work of our NGO/CSO partners. a particular emphasis on reaching Japanese Hundreds of thousands of people across NGOs and academia. The first of these well- all regions have been provided with new received events was a one-day conference opportunities to have their voices heard in held at the Bank’s Development Learning decisions that affect their lives and to assume Center in Tokyo. Open to the public and greater responsibilities for their own destiny. government officials, this event showcased the results and lessons learned from four As well as an opportunity to mark this impor- highly successful JSDF projects. This was tant anniversary, the program’s 10th year was followed by field visits to Cambodia, Laos and also notable for the large number of project Vietnam for selective Japanese NGOs to view grants approved and the amount of funding the impact of the JSDF on the ground. support provided for all programs — 36 new JSDF projects amounting to US$107 million. In closing, on behalf of the Bank, the JSDF The latter represents a doubling of funding Steering Committee, and our clients, we from FY2009, and was particularly welcomed express our gratitude to the Government by grant recipients during the recent period of Japan for their continued partnership in of global economic uncertainty. This year also support of poverty reduction, as well as its saw the launch of the new JSDF Emergency leadership in confronting the impact of recent Window, at the request of Japan, to allow an crises on the poorest and most vulnerable. immediate response to the food, fuel, and financial crises. Under this program, Japan JUNHUI WU approved 10 grants totalling 30.4 million. The Director, Global Partnerships and program is producing rapid results, bringing Trust Fund Operations (CFPTO), and relief through activities such as short-term Chair, JSDF Steering Committee J A PA N S O C I A L employment programs and food security. D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 1 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 Table of Contents JSDF Acronyms 4 Chapter 1 JSDF Objectives & Program Highlights ■ Background and Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 ■ JSDF Program Areas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 ■ JSDF Program Financial Contributions, Allocations, and Disbursements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 ■ FY10 Program Highlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Chapter 2 Program Activities in Fiscal Year 2010 ■ Approved Grants in FY10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 ■ Project and Capacity Building Grants – The Regular Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 ■ Regional Distribution of JSDF Regular Program Grants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 ■ Special Allocation for Africa in FY10 under the Regular Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ■ Sectoral and Thematic Distribution of Regular Program Grants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 ■ The JSDF Emergency Window – Responding to the Food, Fuel, and Financial Crises. . . . . . . . . . . 19 ■ The Afghanistan Special Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 ■ The Seed Fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 ■ JSDF Project Sustainability Fund. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 ■ Global Development Network Collaboration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 ■ Working with Civil Society . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 ■ The JSDF Active Portfolio in FY10 – Grants under Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 ■ Thailand: Legal Aid Services for Poor and Vulnerable People Affected by the Tsunami . . . . . . . . . 26 ■ India: Decentralization to Village Governments in Tamil Nadu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 ■ Consultation Activities with the Government of Japan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Chapter 3 JSDF Knowledge Sharing ■ Database of JSDF Completed Projects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 ■ JSDF Knowledge Dissemination in Tokyo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 ■ JSDF Good Practice Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Chapter 4 Taking Stock — 10 Years of JSDF Achievements ■ Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 ■ Unique by Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 ■ Targeting the Poorest and Most Disadvantaged. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 ■ Delivering Direct Benefits to Target Group Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 ■ Piloting Innovative Approaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 ■ Working with Civil Society, Local Governments and NGOs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 ■ Enhancing Welfare and Empowerment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 ■ Taking Ideas to Scale — The Link to IDA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 ■ JSDF as First Responder — Post-Conflict and Disaster Recovery and Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . 46 ■ Conclusions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Chapter 5 JSDF Program Administration ■ Reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 ■ Field Visits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 J A PA N S O C I A L ■ Inquiries from Outside Parties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 2 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D ANNUAL REPORT 2010 ■ Further Information on JSDF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Table of List of Boxes, Figures & Tables Contents Box 1: Funding Criteria for JSDF Grant Proposals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Box 2: Mongolia – Emergency Window – Community-Led Infrastructure Development for the Urban Poor of Ulaanbaatar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Box 3: Morocco – Africa Special Allocation – Capacity Building and Management to Improve Schooling for the Poor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Box 4: Benin – Africa Special Allocation – Support for Beekeeping Promotion Project . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Box 5: Yemen – Health Sector Grant – Healthy Mother Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 Box 6: Brazil – Improving Labor Markets Theme – Waste Picker Social Inclusion Initiative . . . . . . . . . .18 Box 7: Djibouti – Emergency Window in Response to Food, Fuel and Financial Crises Photograph Crisis Response: Employment and Human Capital Social Safety Net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Acknowledgement Box 8: Afghanistan – Special Program – Support to Basic Health Services Package. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 This year’s report Box 9: Papua New Guinea – Seed Fund Grant – Consultations in Support of features photos Strengthening Local Justice Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 from Africa on the Box 10: Egypt – Sustainability Fund – School Dropout and Child Labor Prevention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 cover and at Box 11: Thailand Case Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 chapter headings. Box 12: India Case Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 COVER PHOTO Box 13: Reaching Groups Bank Lending Does Not Reach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Classroom in Box 14: Bringing Direct Benefits to Those Most in Need . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Tadohua, Niger. Box 15: Innovative Approaches to Poverty Alleviation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Photo by Michele Egan Box 16: Working with NGOs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 (World Bank, EXTOC). Figure 1: Contributions, Allocations, and Disbursements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 CHAPTERS 1 – 5 Figure 2: Number of Approved Grants by Year and Grant Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 PHOTOS Figure 3: Number of JSDF Grants Approved in FY10 by Subject. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 1) Tadjourah Afar Figure 4: Historical Number of Regular Program Grants by Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 woman, Djibouti; 2) Assaita mother Figure 5: Regional Allocations by Fiscal Year (FY06-10). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 and son; 3) Miss Ines, Figure 6: JSDF FY10 Regional Distribution of Regular Program Funding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Mudimba tribe, Angola; Figure 7: Sectoral Distribution of Regular Program Grant Approvals (FY05-10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 4) Afambo woman, Figure 8: Regular Program Grant Funding by Theme in FY10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Danakil desert; and Figure 9: JSDF Emergency Window – Total Funding Approved in FY10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 5) Ethiopia Highlands family. Photos by Table 1: Total JSDF Grant Approvals by Type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Eric Lafforgue. Table 2: Regular Program Number of Grants Approved by Implementing Agency Type (FY05-10) . . 25 Annexes Annex 1: JSDF Regular Program: Project and Capacity Building Grants Approved in FY10. . . . . . . . . .51 Annex 2: Regional Distribution of JSDF Regular Program Grants (FY01-FY10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Annex 3: JSDF Seed Grants Approved in FY10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Annex 4: Other JSDF Project Grants Approved in FY10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Annex 5: JSDF Emergency Project Grants Approved in FY10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Annex 6: List of Implementing Agencies for JSDF Grants Approved in FY10 under the Regular Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 J A PA N S O C I A L D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 3 Annex 7: JSDF FY10 Annual Policy Guidelines and Program Allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 JSDF Acronyms AFDS MNA Social Development Fund Agency Middle East and North Africa Region AFR MOE Africa Region Ministry of Education BHS MOF Basic Health Services Ministry of Finance BPL MOFA Below Poverty Line Japan Ministry of Foreign Affairs CCT MOFP Conditional Cash Transfers Ministry of Family and Population CDD MOPH Community Driven Development Ministry of Public Health CFP Concessional Finance and Global Partnerships NGOs Non-Governmental Organizations CFS Community Social Fund NSP National Solidarity Program CP Community Professional PATH Program of Advancement through CPS Health and Education Country Partnership Strategy PEKKA CSOs Program for Women Headed Households Civil Society Organizations in Indonesia DNA PIP Deoxyribonucleic acid Participatory Identification of the Poor EAP RSR East Asia and the Pacific Region Rapid Social Response Program ECA SAR Europe and Central Asia Region South Asia Region FY SC Fiscal Year (July 1 to June 30) Steering Committee GDN TFAST Global Development Network Trust Fund Accelerated Support Tools GFRP TICAD Global Food Crisis Response Program Tokyo International Conference of GPN African Development JSDF Good Practice Note TLAC GOJ Tsunami Legal Aid Referral Center Government of Japan TTL GRM Task Team Leader Grant Reporting and Monitoring VFF JICA Vulnerability Financing Facility Japan International Cooperation Agency VO JSDF Village Organization Japan Social Development Fund VSHLI LCR Village Self-help Learning Initiative Latin America and the Caribbean Region VPRC Village Poverty Reduction Committee J A PA N S O C I A L MIDP 4 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D Most Innovative Development Project WB ANNUAL REPORT 2010 World Bank Chapter 1 JSDF Objectives & Program Highlights Background & Objectives 1.02 The objective of the JSDF program is to provide 1.01 The Japan Social Development Fund grants in support of innovative (JSDF) was established in June 2000 by the social programs to help Government of Japan (GOJ) and the World alleviate poverty in eligible Bank. Its initial purpose was to respond to client countries of the World the devastating impact of the East Asian Bank Group. Grants are financial crisis in the late 1990s, and to provide expected to meet certain fun- support to vulnerable groups impacted by damental criteria (see Box 1), the crisis. By the time it became operational, and may finance: (a) projects the program had expanded to support supporting improved service delivery, in par- innovative activities benefitting the ticular, innovative new approaches that most disadvantaged groups may be scaled up; and (b) capac- in eligible develop- “Over the past ity building grants that target ing countries. All 10 years, the JSDF has governments and local go low-income and provided support for innovative communities, comm NGOs, lower-middle programs aimed directly at the or social institutions. income poorest and most vulnerable in society. Unlike U most Bank countries, Hundreds of thousands of people have projects, p that are as defined been provided with new opportunities to executed e by central in the cur- have their voices heard in decisions that governments, g JSDF rent World affect their lives and to assume greater grants g are executed Development responsibility for their own destiny.” by NGOs/CSOs and Report, are loca governments or local eligible to re- AXEL VAN TROTSENBURG community comm associations. ceive JSDF grants, Vice President, Concessional Finance This uniquely uni positions the which range in value & Global Partnerships JSDF program progr as a mecha- from US$0.2 million to nism that can be both responsive to US$3 million under the Regular the particular needs of communities, but also program, while special grants may exceed one which can test or pilot new approaches that ceiling. After ten years in operation, and subsequently scale up effective interven- the JSDF program has supported 261 proj- tions and feedback lessons from these into the ects, out of which 106 were actively under broader work of the Bank and other develop- implementation at the closing of FY10. ment partners. Throughout the decade, the program has helped 69 eligible low- and middle-income countries, allocating grants amounting to J A PA N S O C I A L US$421.5 million. D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 5 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 1 JSDF JSDF Program Areas 1.03 The JSDF program at present provides grants in the following areas: ■ Regular Program Grants finance activities ■ Special Program Grants support Project and Capacity Building Grants responding to emergency crisis events such as natural catastrophic events or post-conflict needs. At present there is one special program Objectives that provide direct benefits to disadvantaged under implementation to which Japan is & Program communities, and may be either: Project contributing — the Afghanistan Special Highlights Grants, that target the poor and underserved Program — to support reconstruction groups not reached by mainstream programs, and lay the foundations for community- through innovative programs that deliver level government through social services results in the short-term; or Capacity and productive infrastructure projects, Building Grants, to empower and strengthen promoting community-managed execution local community authorities, NGOs, and and community governance. Two other stakeholders through engagement of target special programs that responded to groups to participate in their development by catastrophic events are at various stages learning and doing. of implementation, although no additional Box 1: FUNDING CRITERIA FOR JSDF GRANT PROPOSALS ■ Target and Respond to the Needy, by providing direct benefits to the poor, vulnerable, and disadvantaged groups with rapid results for improved livelihood. ■ Support Community-Driven Development by Empowering the Poor at the local community level, to participate in society and government and to affect their development and learning by doing. ■ Engage NGOs/CSOs or Local Cooperatives/Community Associations, or Local Governments as Implementing Agencies which are close to the beneficiaries and where they have a say in their development. ■ Build Capacity through special capacity building grants to strengthen communities and their associations to participate in decisions that affect their lives, as well as to build the capacity of their local governments and local NGOs/CSOs to provide services. ■ Pilot Alternative Innovative Approaches or Partnerships engaging NGOs/CSOs, community associations, or local governments as implementing agencies to reach the target groups not reached by other programs. ■ Reflect a Participatory Design and consultation process with the targeted beneficiaries who endorse the grant activities. ■ Utilize Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation to help beneficiaries address their vulnerability and to ensure ownership and sustainability. ■ Encourage Sustainability Through Scale-Up of pilot at completion through Bank-financed operations, recipient government activities, or other entities. ■ Seed Fund Grants are small grants contribution from Japan is being made: given to team leaders to contract needed (i) Post-Tsunami Reconstruction Grants, to experts mainly to engage stakeholders and support recovery measures following the beneficiaries in the design of a JSDF grant tsunami which struck on December 26, 2004, through consultation workshops at the local affecting several Southeast Asian countries community level. Engaging beneficiaries at and the Indian Ocean region; and (ii) J A PA N S O C I A L the design stage of a JSDF grant ensures 6 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D Pakistan Earthquake Reconstruction Grants, ANNUAL REPORT 2010 ownership and responsiveness. supporting the rehabilitation of areas affected by the earthquake that struck in October 2005. The amount authorized by Japan of US$20.0 million for Post-Tsunami Reconstruction Grants was utilized in support JSDF Program Financial Contributions, Allocations, and Disbursements 1.04 The Government of Japan is the sole JSDF 1 financier of the JSDF program, and has con- Objectives of six countries — Indonesia, Maldives, tributed, through FY10, a total of US$491.4 Seychelles, Somalia, Sri Lanka, and Thailand — & Program million to fund the program since its establish- through a total of 14 grants. The allocation Highlights ment in the year 2000. A total of 36 project authorized by Japan of US$5.0 million for grants were approved in FY10, an increase from Earthquake Reconstruction for Pakistan was the 26 approved in FY09, excluding seed grants. increased to US$6.45 million and supported four project grants. Figure 1: Contributions, Allocations & Disbursements In addition to the above, Japan has previously approved grants 80 70 supporting a Response to US $ MILLIONS 60 Emerging Epidemics, aimed at 50 strengthening preventive measures 40 against the spread of SARs and 30 the Avian Flu. A total of four grants 20 were provided to countries in East 10 Asia, amounting to US$4.5 million. 0 FY01 - 05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 Average ■ The Emergency Response to the Economic Crisis, introduced The active portfolio of 106 grants in FY10, in FY10 in response to the adverse impact of ■ Contributions including grants closing this fiscal year, dis- the food, fuel, and financial crises, provides ■ Allocations bursed US$37.1 million, also an increase of project grants to protect the poorest and ■ Disbursements 43% over the US$25.9 million disbursed the assist those that have been driven into previous year. The Emergency program intro- extreme poverty. This program operates duced in FY10 helped boost the program’s in collaboration with two of the Bank’s coverage and its recognition as a cutting edge vulnerability programs — the Global Food response to the needs of the poorest, support- Crisis Response Program (GFRP) and the ing human security beyond the reach of gov- Rapid Social Response Program (RSR). ernment programs. The increase in demand A special feature of this window is that for the program shown last fiscal year was it accepts IBRD middle income countries surpassed in FY10 as shown in Figure 1, with as eligible recipients, to help maintain the highest allocation for processed grants development gains and prevent those who amounting to US$75.1 million2. The program have moved out of poverty from falling back also benefited in FY10 from a sustained con- into poverty. The GFRP finances a mix of tribution from Japan to the Fund of US$61.3 rapid food and agriculture related assistance, million. Japan continues to give priority to while the RSR program finances immediate the objectives of the JSDF program given its interventions in the areas of safety nets, contribution to poverty reduction and human J A PA N S O C I A L labor markets and access to basic services. security as it marks its ten years in operation. D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 7 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 1 JSDF Box 2: MONGOLIA – EMERGENCY WINDOW IN RESPONSE TO FOOD, FUEL, AND FINANCIAL CRISES Community-Led Infrastructure Development for the Urban Poor of Ulaanbaatar Approved in May 2010, a JSDF grant of US$2.9 million was provided to the Municipality of Objectives Ulaanbaatar. The grant aimed to assist around 10,000 households to generate additional income by scaling up community-led infrastructure development activities piloted under & Program a previous JSDF project. The majority y Highlights of the low income urban poor in the Ulaanbaatur Project Area marginal-urban areas (ger or tent areas) of Ulaanbaatar live with very limited basic services. Through the project, community-led activities will assist the most vulnerable to meet their urgent needs by earning income from employment in projects and ultimately improving their access to water, basic health care, nets. The activities also include opportunities education, and social safety nets for vocational skill development. Empowerment of the ger areas residents will be further enhanced as a significant amount of planning, design and implementation activities will be led by community organizations. The project was developed based on lessons learned from the on-going JSDF project and through consultations with communities. The project will apply the same selection criteria that have been developed in the on-going JSDF funded project, based on fulfillment of the Development Objective, level of community participation, feasibility of the proposal made by community members, and balance of geographic distribution. The project includes i five components: 1) Community-led infrastructure development d providing opportunities for generating employ- ment m and income for vulnerable members of communities t meet immediate needs through construction of small to M. Foley and Toyoko Kodama, infrastructure i identified by the communities; 2) Health services improvement i providing opportunities for generating employ- ment m and income for vulnerable members; 3) Community Task Team Leader safety s providing opportunities for generating employment Ulaanbaatur Family Inside a income for vulnerable members of communities to and and Outside of Their Ger. meet m security needs; 4) Youth and adult opportunities for generating g employment and income for vulnerable members through h h construction off information f and recreation facilities for the young and elderly; and 5) Training, monitoring, and project management component, in particular, capacity building for community-based activities, such as project identification, project manage- ment, and operation and maintenance. Status: The project’s Implementation Plan and financial management systems are being finalized by the implementing agency, and the grant will be effective by end-year. J A PA N S O C I A L 8 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D ANNUAL REPORT 2010 FY10 Program Highlights 1.05 The total for approved grants in FY10 amounted to US$107.5 million (see Table 1). Under the Regular Program, 25 grants financial crises, with Japan approving 10 grants amounting to US$30.4 million (Box 1 features the Emergency Window grant for Mongolia Community-Led Infrastructure Development in Ulaanbaatar). The Seed Fund JSDF 1 were approved, with a total value of financed 10 grants, a reduction from previous Objectives US$58.9 million. Increase in individual grant years, with an active portfolio of 23 disbursing & Program amounts reflects a shift to larger projects, Highlights Seed Fund grants. Seed grants are approved in recognition that it was not efficient to to engage local communities in the design of implement grants under US$1 million JSDF projects, ensuring ownership and respon- due to the significant fiduciary overhead siveness through a participatory approach. borne by both the recipient and the Bank. Table 1: TOTAL JSDF GRANT APPROVALS BY TYPE (Amounts in US$ Millions) Average FY01-FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 Number US$ Number US$ Number US$ Number US$ Grant Type of Grants Amount of Grants Amount of Grants Amount of Grants Amount REGULAR PROGRAM: ■ Project & Capacity Building Grants 22 $27.57 13 $18.3 26 $48.8 25 $58.9 ■ Seed Fund 11 $0.45 18 $0.9 21 $1.0 10 $0.5 SPECIAL PROGRAMS: ■ Afghanistan 2 $8.95 2 $15.0 - - 1 $17.6 ■ Emergency Window - - - - - - 10 $30.4 OTHER GRANTS: ■ Sustainability Fund - - - - 2 $0.2 1 $0.1 ■ Supplemental Grants - - - - 1 $0.3 - - TOTAL: 35 33 $34.1 50 $50.2 47 $107.5 The new grant ceiling amount of US$3 million The Sustainability Fund, which was introduced for the regular program, introduced in FY09, in FY09 to provide bridge financing during has made the program more attractive and hand-over of project activities to beneficiaries effective. Two major contributing factors and to facilitate transition to other funding explain the doubling of funding in FY10: i) a sources, approved one grant in FY10 to Egypt large grant (US$17. 6 million ) to Afghanistan for a successful project on child labor.1 for basic health services to the poor, and 1 Sustainability funds are not part of a regular ii) the introduction of the Emergency Window program but are provided as needed. While listed in response to the global food, fuel, and in Table 1, sustainability funding is not included in subsequent tables or discussion in this Report. J A PA N S O C I A L D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 9 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 1 JSDF 1.06 In summary, the JSDF program in FY10: ■ marked its tenth year in operation, with the highest number of grant approvals since inception of the program, accumulating a large body of knowledge from 230 completed These four-page briefs feature successful JSDF projects that achieved results, documenting the participatory design of the grant activities, implementation experiences and challenges, and summa- Objectives rizing lessons learned that may be of projects utilizing innovative activities to reach & Program value to other task teams and development the poor and empowering them to address Highlights their vulnerabilities and participate in society. practitioners. Steffen Janus, Sr. Knowledge Management Officer, WBI Tokyo Knowledge ■ launched the Emergency Window in ■ carried out a knowledge dissemination Event with response to the recent food, fuel and conference in Tokyo to showcase best- Japanese NGOs financial crises, in partnership with the practice JSDF projects for Japanese NGOs, Bank’s Global Food Crisis Response Program the public, government officials, and and academia — (GFRP), and the Rapid Social Response academia and organized a visit to project Open questions Program (RSR), with Japan approving sites in East Asia for Japanese NGOs to learn session. 10 grants, amounting to US$30.4 million, about the program. with Japan’s quick response under a new 1 Includes projects for which grant agreements had streamlined review process. been signed by June 30, 2010. ■ increased the number of projects in 2 These figures reflect “accounting records” for newly approved grants under the JSDF program. Africa and the Middle East, benefiting The “Allocation” refers to the total grant amounts 8 projects in the Africa region amounting processed by the Trust Funds Accounting Unit to US$18.8 million, and 6 projects in the in the fiscal year, which may include grants approved by Japan in a previous fiscal year, or middle east region, amounting to $16.6 may not yet include grants approved by Japan. million (Figure 5). In FY10, Japan approved grants amounting to US$107 million. ■ under a revised JSDF banner/motif, launched a new the publication series, J A PA N S O C I A L “JSDF Good Practice Notes” (GPNs). 10 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D ANNUAL REPORT 2010 Chapter 2 Program Activities in Fiscal Year 2010 2.01 The JSDF Regular Program benefitted i) Community Development, from an increase in the authorized alloca- Employment Generation, tion from Japan for project grants from and Improved Livelihoods: US$80 million for FY09 to US$110 million 36% or 17 grants, ii) Nutri- for FY10, excluding Afghanistan (see Annex 6, tion and Food Security: FY10 Annual Policy Guidelines and Program 27% or 13 grants, and iii) Allocations). The breakdown of the autho- Basic Health and Social rized allocation was US$60 million for Assistance: 17% or 8 grants. Regular Program grants, and US$50 million The support for these for the Emergency Window. Out of the three top areas as well as Regular Program allocation, US$20 million all other areas under the program reflects was designated for the African continent well the priority given to human security for under three priority themes: the poorest and most vulnerable groups, as ■ Africa agricultural development; well as those that have fallen into poverty due ■ Participatory school management; and to the global economic and financial crises. ■ Enhancement of health manage- ment and health services. Figure 2: Number of Approved Grants by Year & Grant Type Approved Grants in FY10 30 26 25 NUMBER OF GRANTS 25 2.02 A total of 46 grants were 21 20 approved in FY10, amounting to 20 18 US$107.5 million (Table 1). The 15 13 13 breakdown by type of grant is as 11 10 10 10 follows: 25 Regular Program grants, 10 Emergency Window grants, one 5 4 5 4 2 2 2 Afghanistan grant, 10 Seed Fund 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 grants, and one Sustainability grant. FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 Annex 1 lists all grants approved and their objectives, while Figure 2 shows the breakdown of the total number of grants by ■ Regular Program type. The breakdown of the number of grants ■ Emergency Window ■ Afghanistan by theme is shown in Figure 3. In keeping with ■ Post-Tsunami Reconstruction the objectives of the program to improve the ■ Seed Fund lives of the poor, the portfolio has supported ■ Pakistan Earthquake Reconstruction activities in human security areas, mainly: J A PA N S O C I A L D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 11 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 2 Program Project and Capacity Building Grants — The “Regular Program” 2.03 For the JSDF Regular Program, there Regional Distribution of JSDF Regular Program Grants 2.04 Figure 5 shows Regional allocations Activities were three “Calls for Proposals” conducted in for approved grants in FY10 and over the FY10: Round 29, announced on October 5, past five years. FY10 continued the trend in Fiscal 2009, produced five proposals that were sub- established in FY09 when the Africa (AFR), Year 2010 sequently presented to Japan on January 26, Middle East and North Africa (MNA) , and 2010, amounting to US$13.9 million; Round 30, Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) announced on January 27, 2010, produced Regions were the three lead recipients eight proposals sent to Japan on June 23, of JSDF grants. The Africa Region (AFR) 2010, amounting to US$13.3 million; and received the highest level of funding in Round 31, announced on April 27, 2010, led FY10 with US$18.8 million, or 31%. The eight projects receiving grants e Figure 3: Number of JSDF Grants Approved in FY10 by supported Post Conflict Recovery s Subject (Total of 46 Grants Amounting to US$107.5 Million) in the Central African Republic; i Health & Nutrition projects ■ Post Conflict Community Development in Burkina Faso, Nigeria, and i 2 1 2 ■ Local Governance & Civil Society Organization ■ Nutrition & Food Security Tanzania; Law and Justice in T 13 ■ Youth Job Training, Employment Generation Nigeria; Agricultural Promotion 17 & Crime Prevention ■ Basic Health & Social Assistance in Benin; and Mining and i ■ Legal Aid Services for the Poor Sustainable Livelihoods in Sierra S 4 ■ Natural Disaster Risk Mitigation 3 Leone. The second highest ■ Agriculture, Fisheries & Increase of Rural Income 2 ■ Community Development, Employment funding was received by the MNA f 4 8 Generation & Improved Livelihoods Region with US$16.6 million, or ■ Waste Picker Social Inclusion 28%. Historically, MNA has had a 2 small Bank portfolio of projects s to nine proposals, presented to Japan on and very limited funding from the JSDF. Given August of 29, 2010, amounting to US$22.4 a renewed effort to strengthen the program million. Annex 1 lists Regular Program grants in the Middle East, including Iraq, six projects approved in FY10, amount- ing to US$58.9 million for Figure 4: Historical Number of Regular 25 grants. Of these, 17 or Program Grants by Type 68% were Project grants, 20 NUMBER OF GRANTS 17 17 with the remaining 32% 15 being Capacity Building 11 grants. As Figure 4 dem- 10 9 9 8 7 7 onstrates, this proportion 6 5 4 has remained relatively constant throughout the 0 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 J A PA N S O C I A L history of the program. ■ Project Grants ■ Capacity Building Grants 12 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D ANNUAL REPORT 2010 received grants. These supported Youth Training and Employment in Egypt and Syria; three projects in Yemen for Health, Poverty Alleviation, and Mining; and Community Management of Rural Sanitation in Egypt; were approved for East Central Asia — Youth Training and Local Governance for the Kyrgyz Republic, and Community Agriculture and Seeds in Tajikistan. Two projects were approved for South Asia — Community Program 2 Third was the LAC Region with US$10.5 Services in the Northern Province of Sri Lanka, Activities million or 18%. Despite consisting, for the and Good Governance and Anti-Corruption in Fiscal in i Bangladesh, India Year 2010 Figure 5: Regional Allocations by Fiscal Year a Nepal; and and (FY06-FY10) o project in East one $45 A — Improved Asia $40 Livelihoods L for Ethnic $19 Communities C in Lao US $ MILLIONS $35 ■ Fiscal Year 2006 $11 PDR. P It should be $30 ■ Fiscal Year 2007 noted n that Asian $25 ■ Fiscal Year 2008 $3 countries c received $20 $12 $4 ■ Fiscal Year 2009 $7 $13 $5 $17 US$42.8 U million, or ■ Fiscal Year 2010 $15 $2 $6 $4 $6 40% 4 of the total $10 $5 $8 funding f approved $6 $6 $4 $5 $5 $9 i FY10, including a in $4 $3 $4 $3 $3 $0 Special S Allocation to AFR EAP ECA LAC MNA SAR REGIONS Afghanistan A of US$17.6 million m for a Basic most part, of middle-income countries, many Health Project, and US$12.2 million under the areas experience a persistence of poverty and Emergency Program for Mongolia, Philippines, structural inequality, prompting the Bank’s Sri Lanka, and Tajikistan (Annex 4). LAC Region to adopt a renewed emphasis on understanding the issue and on expanding Figure 6: JSDF FY10 Regional Distribution economic opportunities for vulnerable and of Regular Program Funding excluded groups. JSDF provided a window in support of this priority. The five grants approved supported Health in Peru, Culture 10% ■ Africa: $18.8M and Sustainable Community Development in 32% ■ East Asia: $2.8M Guatemala, Music and Violence Prevention for ■ Europe/Central Asia: $4.2M 28% Youth in El Salvador, Climate Vulnerability and ■ Latin America: $10.5M Risk Reduction in Jamaica, and Waste Picker 5% ■ Middle East: $16.5M Social Inclusion in Brazil. 7% ■ South Asia: $6.0M 18% 2.05 The JSDF program’s traditional Asian focus was maintained with the remaining three Regions supporting a total of six projects, amounting to US$13.0 million or J A PA N S O C I A L 22% of the Regular program. Three projects D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 13 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 2 Program Special Allocation for Africa in FY10 under the Regular Program 2.06 The Government of Japan and the Box 3: MOROCCO – AFRICA SPECIAL ALLOCATION GRANT UNDER IMPLEMENTATION Capacity Building and Management Activities World Bank Group are committed to to Improve Schooling for the Poor scaling up support for sustainable growth in Fiscal This grant for US$2.2 million was and development in Africa, as articulated Year 2010 approved in FY09. The grant financed two in a five-year “Cooperation Framework components: (i) a Conditional Cash Trans- Towards a Vibrant Africa 2008-2013” fers (CCT) program in the poorest remote and the “Tokyo International Conference rural areas to reduce drop-out rates in on African Development (TICAD) IV primary schools and the financial burden Yokohama Action Plan.” Within this to vulnerable parents of sending children framework, Japan has set targets to to school; and (ii) capacity building to double ODA and private investment empower school management councils, including the participation of parents and in Africa over five years, with a special students to improve the quality of sec- focus on infrastructure and agriculture. ondary education. ed The project did have some s start-up difficulties, but is now n progressing and is already achieving a results. One aspect that t proved to be problematic w the Procurement Plan, and was assistance a is being sought to resolve r the issues and carry out purchasing. p T project is expected to reach The t twice the number of children than anticipated, increasing to t 93,500, improving their atten- 9 dance and education quality. d Anecdotal evidence suggests A Gathering during the JSDF that the CCT has brought back t Victor Pouliquen launch at Igrithane School in children that had dropped out c Tnourken, Province of Ouarzazate earlier, especially girls from e poor families. The cash transfers p improving household consump- are also im The framework establishes an allocation tion, in particular, nutrition. Noteworthy of US$50 million over a three-year period is the empowerment of the targeted for the JSDF Regular program, in support beneficiaries where parents are now of three priority areas: agriculture and conducting rigorous teacher attendance rural development, participatory school checks to promote accountability. management, and enhancement of Interviews with CCT recipients suggest ownership and reactions of pride, health management and monitoring hope, and forming aspirations among J A PA N S O C I A L of health services. the recipients. 14 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D ANNUAL REPORT 2010 2.07 Japan authorized the first installment in FY09 for a Special Allocation for Africa (the continent) of US$20 million to support JSDF Regular Project grants in these three priority areas. In FY10, an additional sectors: Burkina Faso Community Moni- toring for Better Health, Benin Support to Beekeeping Promotion Project and Nigeria Health Systems Strengthening. The grant to Morocco for Capacity Building and Program 2 allocation of US$20 million was approved. Management to Improve Schooling for Activities During this fiscal year, three grants were the Poor is summarized in Box 3. The in Fiscal approved for Africa, amounting to US$5.8 Benin grant is summarized in Box 4. Year 2010 million, in the health and agriculture Box 4: BENIN – AFRICA SPECIAL ALLOCATION Support for Beekeeping Promotion Project This JSDF grant for US$2.7 million was approved in March 2010, and will be activated in FY11. The development objective of the Grant is to increase the revenue of the rural poor, particularly women, through the promotion of apiculture in 42 villages in the Alibori, Borgou and Hills regions in Northern Benin. It includes many innovative features like the promotion of women apiculturist professionals, the increase of the average size of an apicultural holding, the establishment of a network of honey processing centers connected to market R. Baird opportunities, the establishment of a private firm with shares held by apiculturists and private sector t ensure sustainability after project to t completion. l ti T di i Traditionall T project will provide training and extension services The Beehive used f about 1,260 apiculturists from the poorest strata of for in Africa t population in the selected regions. Direct beneficiaries the with African w would receive hives and apicultural equipment, as well Killer Bees a bee colonies, while the communities will benefit as f from increased availability of nutritious honey and from p promotion of environmental sustainability through a R. Baird m more robust bee population. Priority will be given to poor w women who would make up at least 50% of beneficiaries, dt and l The project will result in improved livelihoods for these to young people. women and their families. The project also supports the construction, equip- ment, marketing, and capacity building for 21 village honey processing centers. J A PA N S O C I A L D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 15 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 2 Program Sectoral and Thematic Distribution of JSDF Regular Program Grants 2.08 As JSDF projects target social services Guatemala Culture and Sustainable Tourism, Jamaica Natural Disaster Vulnerability, Sri Lanka Community Services in the Northern Province, and Lao PDR Improved Livelihood for Ethnic Communities. The third largest Activities and disadvantaged groups, a large number of allocation, prominent for the first time, was proposals have historically been categorized in Fiscal for the Energy and Mining Sector, amounting as multi-sector. In FY10, a significantly Year 2010 to US$8 million, supporting three grants for: higher share than in recent years (six grants, Sierra Leone Artisan Mining and Sustainable US$14.8 million), have been approved for the Livelihoods, Yemen Biogas Digesters to Improve Energy Access, and Yemen Industrial Figure 7: Sectoral Distribution of Regular Stones Community Capacity Building. The Program Grant Approvals (FY05-FY10) Yemen Health grant is featured in Box 5. $25 2.09 Since FY09, JSDF grants are classified $20 as free standing operations, with their own sector and theme allocations. The grant US $ MILLIONS $15 funding may be classified into a maximum of five sectors and themes, through a $10 percentage allocation. Accordingly, grants are now recorded and monitored using $5 the Bank’s standard project classification method which is also in common use by $0 other multilateral agencies. Themes are FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 more representative of the objectives of the JSDF program, and allow for easier ■ Agriculture, Fishing Health Sector (see Figure 7): Peru Child comparison with Bank lending and the & Forestry Nutrition, Yemen Maternal Health, Burkina programs of other institutions. Figure 8 ■ Education Faso Community Participation to Prevent shows grant approvals by main theme. ■ Health & Other Female Genital Mutilation, Nigeria g Reducing g Services ■ Transport Malaria Morbidity and ■ Public Administra- Mortality, Burkina Faso Figure 8: Regular Program Grant Funding tion, Law & Justice by Theme in FY10 Community Monitoring ■ Multi-sector of Decentralized Health ■ Post Conflict ■ Energy & Mining Services, and Tanzania $1,898,044 ■ Local Governance, ■ Water & Sanitation $4,191,843 Justice & Anti-Corruption Food Fortification. The $7,131,221 ■ Nutrition & Food Security $2,500,000 second largest category, ■ Environment & Natural $7,474,336 Resources Management “multi-sector,” amount- $5,509,515 ■ Improving Labor Markets $4,606,120 ■ Participation & ing to US$12.2 million, Civic Engagement supported five projects: $14,258,265 ■ Health Central African Republic $10,998,654 ■ Natural Disaster Management J A PA N S O C I A L Post-Conflict Support, ■ Rural Development 16 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D ANNUAL REPORT 2010 Participation and Civic Engagement, a key feature and criterion for approval of JSDF grants, was the lead theme supported by the program in FY10, with five approved grants amounting to US$14.2 million: Egypt Commu- projects to Improve Labor Markets mainly for vulnerable youth, for five projects amounting to US$10.9 million: Egypt Job Readiness and Placement for Marginalized Youth, Syria Improving Employability of Marginalized Program 2 nity Management and Accountability in Youth, El Salvador Addressing Youth Activities Rural Sanitation; Sierra Leone Artisan Mining Violence through Culture and Music Learning in Fiscal Community Development; Yemen Industrial Networks, Kyrgyzstan Skills Development Year 2010 Stones Community Project; Sri Lanka and Income generation for Rural Youth, Community-Responsive Service Delivery and the Brazil Waste Picker Social Inclusion in the Northern Province, and Lao PDR Initiative, featured in Box 6. The latter is an Mobilizing Ethnic Communities for Improved example of a JSDF project that targets the Livelihood. The second main theme supported most vulnerable living in absolute poverty. Box 5: YEMEN – HEALTH SECTOR GRANT Healthy Mother Project This grant for US$3 million became effective on February 7, 2010. The Development Objective is to provide access and quality maternal health care to about 12,000 poor women in targeted districts in rural Sana’a Governorate. SOUL for Development was the NGO selected to implement the project. Their key strength lies in their local knowledge of the communities and their ability to communicate with beneficiaries and manage smaller NGOs. On the other hand, a weakness that is common among many NGOs, is their unfamiliarity with WB guidelines and procedures and the difficulties encountered at the local level. A workshop was held with rural health providers to explore potential models to deliver the proposed basic services package to the targeted beneficiaries. Included among the participants were private sector providers, the Midwives Association and Network, the Women’s Union, the Family Health Care Association, Red Crescent, Marie Stopes, Al Saleh Foundation, German Yemen Hospital, and Azal Hospital. Sustainability was addressed as a key feature of selected models. The project is in the process of conducting a market survey to identify qualified service providers mainly NGOs and private sector agencies capable of providing services in rural Sana’a. J A PA N S O C I A L D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 17 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 2 Program Box 6: BRAZIL – IMPROVING LABOR MARKETS THEME Waste Picker Social Inclusion Initiative This grant for US$2.9 million, newly approved in FY10, aims to support the intensive social and economic inclusion of informal recyclers (“waste pickers”) in Brazil, through Activities strengthening the role of beneficiaries as active agents in the design and implementation of sub-projects and providing training, technical support, and other services. This in Fiscal proposal is based on a year-long process, supported by a JSDF Seed Fund, and including Year 2010 both data collection and a broad multi-stakeholder dialogue. Multi-stakeholder consulta- tions included field visits, one-on-one interviews, group discussions, and data gathering with members of informal recycler organizations, Brazilian and international NGOs, Federal, p governments, private sector companies, experts on the , state and municipal subject s in Brazil and worldwide, and recyclers at dumpsites. T Program will directly support approximately 5,000 informal The recyclers r currently working at three dumpsites in Brazil (Jardim Gramacho G and Itaoca in Rio de Janeiro and Jockey in Brasilia). About A half of these recyclers are affiliated with local dedicated cooperatives c and associations, which will be the main focus of project p activities. It is estimated that there are 800,000 informal recyclers r in Brazil. Nearly half of these informal workers are esti- mated m to be women, and approximately 5% are estimated t be children. Exact demographic numbers are in constant flux, to depending, d among other factors, on fluctuations in the price of recyclables, r and will require confirmation by a dedicated census. Brazil’s Jardim The th Th three grant t components t are: 1. Development of Sub-project Action Plans. Support for the preparation of three comprehensive Action Plans; or one for each of three pilot sub- Gramacho, projects. Each Plan will be prepared via: (i) a detailed market analysis, including an explora- a project site tion of viable alternatives; (ii) a census to determine the number of eligible beneficiaries, and one of the and a baseline study to define monitoring benchmarks; and (iii) an ongoing process of largest landfills active engagement of the local recyclers, their organizations, g , and other keyy stakeholders; ; in the world, 2. Implementation of Sub-project Action Plans. . where about Subproject Implementation Grants funding activities selected by each council in its Action 3,000 waste Plan, via the participatory planning process, pickers scrape and based on the Program’s established what they can criteria. Activities will be executed by local find to recycle in organizations, or organizations selected by the outskirts of them; 3. Technical Support and Knowledge Sharing. Provide technical support to Rio de Janeiro. sub-project implementation and promoting Multi-stakeholder consultation meeting with horizontal exchanges among recyclers at representatives of the Brazilian National Movement of the Collectors of Recyclable the national level, via Sub-project Facilitators Materials, including local waste picker leaders which would be experienced recycler organiza- from Jardim Gramacho (third from left is tions lending technical support to sub-projects, Tiao, the main leader in Gramacho and now Targeted Knowledge-Sharing Activities, and an international celebrity due to his role in the award-winning documentary Wasteland; Annual Stakeholder Fora to discuss successes far right, Peter Cohen, Civic Engagement and challenges in sub-projects. and Participation Specialist, LAC Region. J A PA N S O C I A L 18 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D ANNUAL REPORT 2010 The JSDF Emergency Window — Responding to the Food, Fuel, and Financial Crises ■ RSR development objectives are to: (i) safeguard lives and livelihoods during the global economic crisis; (ii) finance immediate interventions targeted at vulnerable groups to sustain services in basic health, education, Program 2 2.10 In response to the recent food, fuel and and other vital social programs for the poor Activities financial crises, the Japan Ministry of Finance and vulnerable groups; (iii) sustain or scale in Fiscal approved the introduction of an Emergency Window under the JSDF, with financing of up targeted social safety net programs; and Year 2010 US$200 million over three years (FY10-FY12). (iv) invest in active labor markets, income The JSDF Emergency Window supports ac- support for the unemployed, and job creation tivities aligned with the objectives of and training initiatives. the Bank’s Vulnerability Financ- ing Facility (VFF) framework and, specifically, Bank initiatives associated with RSR and the GFRP. The Bank established the VFF to mobilize resources to protect the poorest and help those that have been driven into extreme poverty in the wake of the global economic crisis. 2.11 The GFRP finances a mix of rapid food and agriculture related assistance, while the RSR program finances immediate interventions in the areas of safety nets, labor markets and access to basic services. The JSDF Emergency Window 2.12 Under the Emergency Window, all Yemen – grants would be aligned with GFRP and IBRD middle income countries were eligible Meeting RSR program objectives: to receive grants, unlike the Regular JSDF of a Water ■ GFRP development objectives are to: program that benefits low-income and lower Users Group middle-income Bank member countries. i) reduce the negative impact of high and The main grant criteria were that countries volatile food prices on the lives of the poor should have been impacted negatively by in a timely manner; ii) support governments the rising price of food, fuel, and the financial in the design of sustainable policies that crises and that limited fiscal resources are mitigate the adverse impacts of the crisis on available to address the crises. Proposals poverty; and iii) support broad-based growth addressed how the economic crisis affected in productivity and market participation in food security, and how they would prevent agriculture to ensure an adequate supply vulnerable groups from losing development response as part of a sustained improvement gains or dropping further into poverty. J A PA N S O C I A L in the food supply. D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 19 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 2 Program Grants would support innovative and pioneer- ing projects in four basic themes — food security, agricultural productivity, unemploy- ment support and safety nets, and protection of access to basic health and services — in ■ complement Bank initiatives (IDA/IBRD loans, credits or grants) under the RSR and/or GFRP, where the JSDF grant will support the extension of the Bank-assisted operation to new beneficiaries. Activities three types of interventions which: ■ support RSR and/or GFRP associated in Fiscal ■ scale up or replicate successful JSDF- issues in eligible countries where there is Year 2010 supported initiatives in areas associated no related IBRD/IDA-financed activity. with the RSR and/or GFRP. Box 7: DJIBOUTI – EMERGENCY WINDOW IN RESPONSE TO FOOD, FUEL, AND FINANCIAL CRISES Crisis Response: Employment and Human Capital Social Safety Net A JSDF grant was approved for US$4 million to the Djibouti Social Development Agency, working through community organizations and NGOs. In particular, the funds are support- ing piloting an innovative ‘workfare plus’ program that links the creation of employment opportunities to improvement of nutritional practices through behavior change, to leverage the effect of the additional income on the family’s nutritional status. It targets poor and vulnerable households with infants under two years of age and pregnant women. The workfare component targets able-bodied members of these households to participate in community works w and services that are labor based, community driven, and have a strong focus f on women. It aims at creating income and assets that improve nutrition TTL, Joana Silva, Economist, Middle East-North Africa Region a hygiene in the community. The nutrition component targets vulnerable and non-working n members of these households — children and pregnant/lactating women w — and encompasses other activities such as group sessions for sensi- tization t on hygiene and nutrition and promotion of improved caring practices f children, including breastfeeding, monthly visits by a community health for worker w to the household, and provision of micro-nutrient supplements during t lean season. Linking the two components reinforces the project goals. Due the t the innovative nature of the program, it attracted considerable attention to a was showcased during annual meetings to donors and at an international and workshop w on smart social safety nets. T project includes two components: (i) Community-Driven Labor-Intensive The Public Works, supporting a workfare program intended to provide short- term t employment to able-bodied members of vulnerable/poor households. Works would be limited in scope and size to construction and maintenance of small-scale Mothers with community assets through the use of unskilled, labor-intensive, construction techniques, Children Visiting and (ii) Nutrition-Based Social Assistance supporting innovative nutrition interventions Clinic to Receive aiming at preventing malnutrition in pre-school children and women. Supplements Status: The project implementation plan is being finalized including: procurement plan; for Malnutrition financial management and procedures manuals; recruitment process; training preparation for NGOs/CBOs and community workers; and definition of the monitoring and evaluation framework. The project launch is scheduled for December 2010. Funds approved by DFID (US$160,000) have leveraged the JSDF Grant, supporting technical assistance to improve planning, information systems, and monitoring and evaluation by the implementing agency. Also complementing the project are Norway and Finland funding technical assistance for J A PA N S O C I A L 20 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D capacity building to enhance social safety net responses to price shocks. ANNUAL REPORT 2010 2.13 The first Call for Proposals for the new Emergency Window was made on November 11, 2009. The demand for the pro- gram was high, receiving a total 25 proposals submitted for review by the JSDF Unit. to the targeted beneficiaries to improve their lives, while the GFRP and RSR supported technical assistance and policy development to address and prevent the effects of the crises. Two grants approved under the Emer- Program 2 gency Window are Activities featured in this in Fiscal Figure 9: JSDF Emergency Window Total Funding Year 2010 report, Box 1, Approved in FY10 (US$30.4 Million) Mongolia — Community-Led $2,636,720 Infrastructure for “Japan has set ■ Food Security & Nutrition the Urban Poor a high priority ■ Employment Generation of Ulaanbaatar, and $14,510,978 & Sub-Projects on the Box 7, Djibouti — ■ Social Assistance for assistance $13,247,200 the Elderly & Disabled Employment to the health and Human sector in Capital Safety Net. Afghanistan. I would like Proposals needed to meet not only JSDF The Afghanistan to express criteria to be innovative, sustainable, and Special Program our deep participatory in design and implementation, appreciation 2.14 In 2002, Japan established a special for the but also show evidence of the impact of the window allocation for Afghanistan to support excellent work economic crisis on the targeted beneficiaries, the country’s reconstruction and transition of the Ministry an aspect that proved to be challenging and towards socio-economic stability. In FY10, one of Finance, the complex. After multiple reviews and signifi- grant of US$17.6 million was approved for the Ministry of cant feedback, 13 proposals amounting to Afghanistan Basic Health Services Package Public Health US$37.2 million were submitted to Japan for the Rural Poor. Two JSDF grants remained and the World after endorsement of both the GFRP/RSR under implementation in FY10: Support Bank in our joint programs and the JSDF Steering Committee. for the Roll-out of the Second National efforts to These proposals were submitted in batches to Solidarity Program (NSP), and Clustering of improve the accommodate a more flexible review process Community Development Councils Under quality of that allowed staff to address the comments the Second NSP, which became effective health service provided and meet the special criteria of in FY09. One of the lessons staff recognize in this country.” the Emergency Window. Of the 13 proposals, from implementing JSDF grants, particularly 10 proposals amounting to US$30.4 million HE SHIGEYUKI in the context of post- conflict situations, is were approved in FY10 (Annex 4). The HIROKI the importance of involving the community. Ambassador of Japan average grant amount for the proposals was A total of 24 Facilitating Partners, composed to Afghanistan US$3 million. Each proposal was reviewed for of international as well as local NGOs and quality assurance and endorsed by the GFRP UN Habitat, have been supporting the and RSR program teams, and complemented implementation of the NSP. J A PA N S O C I A L their programs by supporting direct benefits D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 21 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 2Program Box 8: AFGHANISTAN – SPECIAL PROGRAM Support to Basic Health Services Package A grant for US$17.6 million, approved for Afghanistan and to be implemented through the Ministry of Public Health (MOPH) became effective on March 14, 2010. The objective Activities of the grant is to improve the health status of the Afghan population, with a greater focus on women and children and under-served areas of the country, by increasing accessibility in Fiscal to and quality of the Basic Health Services (BHS) package for Balkh, Samangan and Year 2010 Kabul provinces. The grant is aligned with the Afghanistan Health and Nutrition Sector Strategy: 2008 to 2013. This is jointly financed by IDA, through the Strengthening Strengt Health Services for the Rural Poor project, by USAID, by the European Commission and other bilateral donors. All projects p financed by other donors support a set of common co interventions in line with the Strategy, each with n o a different geographic focus. Visi acIssa, World The Strategy supports: (i) sustaining and strengthening delivery of a basic health services package through Performance Partnership Agreements with implement- a te M ing NGOs, (ii) training of community mid-wives and of ry K community c nurses, (iii) on a pilot basis, the contracting Ma of hospital services through NGOs, strengthening management ma autonomy and decision-making authority pub hospitals, (iv) building capacity for the stewardship in public function of the MOPH including monitoring and evaluation hea care financing, and communications, and (v) systems, health Afghani Mother studies including results-based r financing, demand-side financing, and performance-based pay for community health workers. Rests with Newborn Son Status: The contracted NGOs are in place and there is significant progress in expanding access to the BHS package in two provinces. In the urban sub-component, there has been after Delivery progress with completion of the situation analysis in collaboration with JICA, defining with Midwife the BHS package, defining implementation modality and drafting the full proposal for an urban BHS package. The program has contributed to ensuring that 85 percent of the population has access to primary health care. At least 82% of health facilities have a female health worker and almost 60% of out-patient consultations are female clients. The Seed Fund disadvantaged groups usually living in remote, or difficult to access, rural and marginal urban 2.15 JSDF Seed Fund grants are awarded areas, and this requires special outreach to Task Teams and are Bank-executed. They activities and facilitation of a participatory assist in the consultation processes with approach for the design and selection of stakeholders and, more importantly, the investments to be financed by the grant. targeted beneficiaries at the local level to Thus, the involvement of local NGOs and other ensure ownership and that communities community organizations is essential during have selected activities which they believe the design and preparation phase to secure J A PA N S O C I A L address their vulnerabilities and most maximum effectiveness and sustainability. 22 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D important needs. The JSDF program targets ANNUAL REPORT 2010 Applications for seed grants of up to US$50,000 may be submitted by task teams, and grants may finance workshops, consultant services and incremental Bank staff travel and subsistence. An interim supervision missions associated with Bank- financed projects. Of the proposals submitted in FY10 under Rounds 29-31, 16 proposals were prepared with Seed Funds. The 10 new grants approved were for countries in East Program 2 progress report must be submitted within six Asia (4), the Middle East and North Africa Activities months of grant approval. A task team that (3), Latin America (2), and Africa (1). The in Fiscal receives seed funding is expected to deliver a seed grants for Papua New Guinea is featured Year 2010 well-developed JSDF grant proposal within below in Box 9. Box 9: PAPUA NEW GUINEA – SEED FUND GRANT Consultations in Support of Strengthening Local Justice Systems A grant for US$49,490 was approved in December 2009, to conduct consultations with the proposed beneficiaries. The objective of the activities would be to understand the capacity of local-level justice systems, including village courts and other community-based justice mechanisms, to provide governance and dispute resolution functions in response to benefit flows, such as those proposed in community driven development operations. The consultations financed by the grant would take place in rural local level government areas in Madang, Southern and Eastern Highlands, East New Britain, Kairuku-Hiri, East Sepik, and Chimbu Provinces, and in Port Morseby. Consultation would relate to the role of local level fora, including village courts, decision making, grievance channels and conflict resolution especially, as they relate to decisions on, and use of, public goods. Discussions would include models for decision-making and grievance redress to ensure that consultation and justice mechanisms are accessible to all. 12 months of the approval of the seed grant. JSDF P j t Project The active portfolio of seed grants in FY10 Sustainability Fund was 19 grants, with 14 closing this fiscal year 2.17 In April 2009, the Government of Japan The cumulative total of 112 seed fund grants approved an allocation of US$1 million to approved since inception through FY09 have establish a Fund for Facilitating the Future yielded 75 fully developed funding proposals, Sustainability of JSDF Projects. The objective or a 67% return which is considered of the Sustainability Fund is to provide a satisfactory, as not all seed fund grants are means of transitioning JSDF project activities expected to result in a JSDF proposal. to another funding source, or to support pre- 2.16 In this Fiscal Year, ten seed grants were viously unforeseen activities that will facilitate approved, amounting to US$490,000 (Annex future sustainability of ongoing grant activities. 3, List of Approved Seed Grants). Project Sustainability grants may not exceed This year there were fewer seed grants than in US$100,000 and are to be implemented over a the recent past, partly due to reduced demand maximum period of 12 months by the country and more extensive information requested recipient or the Bank. There are three types regarding the grant design and the targeted of activities that are eligible for financing: beneficiaries to ensure that the proposed I. Bridge financing to: (a) contribute to grant would meet JSDF criteria. Moreover, the longer term sustainability of activities; whenever possible staff are encouraged to (b) help design an exit/sustainability/ J A PA N S O C I A L conduct consultations during sector work and D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 23 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 2 Program replicability/capacity building strategy that would depend on a follow-on grant under other auspices; and (c) enable a transition to another funding source; II. End of project reviews to ensure a proper III. Workshops for implementing agencies whose project is expected to close in about a year, aimed at providing training in how to design a communications package to present the results of the project to potential Activities financiers such as other donors. hand over of project activities to beneficiaries, in Fiscal that may involve: (a) evaluating project out- 2.18 In FY10, one grant was approved to Year 2010 comes in relation to objectives; (b) identifying Egypt for the sustainability of the Early School corrective measures; and (c) ensuring that Drop Out and Child Labor Prevention Sustain- lessons learned are documented and/or ability Project. To date, three Sustainability incorporated in subsequent activities in the grants have been approved. Box 10 summa- event that activities will be replicated; and rizes the grant objectives and activities. Box 10: EGYPT – SUSTAINABILITY GRANT Early School Dropout and Child Labor Prevention A grant of $100,000, was approved on May 7, 2010 for the Ministry of Family and Population (MOFP), to consolidate the results of the JSDF Child Labor Project and to mainstream the policy recommendations across relevant sectors to form a basis for addressing the child labor phe- g full participation nomenon nationwide through p p of the relevant line ministries and civil society. Building ground for sustainability would B r require working with several ministries before the project could be put forth for b nationwide scale-up. The grant included five n activities: (i) assisting the Ministry of Social a Solidarity to adjust funding to allow families S to keep children in school, and to address t child labor through sensitization workshops, c (ii) developing institutional arrangements ( financing in coordination with the Ministry of Education, to integrate social workers and financing, as school administrative personnel to identify students at risk of early dropout and help To mark the identify children below the poverty line who could be considered for fee waiver, and JSDF project’s establish a unit for dropout prevention to work with families and the at-risk children achievements, to identify mechanisms to keep them in school, (iii) work with the Ministry of Labor to Egypt hosted a revise the child law to include agriculture work as a hazardous form of labor and develop workshop titled criteria for granting business licenses which forbid the employment of child labor and “A Future without strengthen the inspection system to rescue child laborers from abuse while imposing fines Child Labor: Policy on the employers, (iv) work with the Ministries of Investment, Finance and Agriculture on Options and introducing various legislation and tax exemptions to curb employment of child labor and Economic Costs.” to be enforced through various community and employer participation mechanisms and implemented by the MOFP, and (v) Build capacity to sustain the M&E system established J A PA N S O C I A L under the Project for MOFP personnel, local organizations and primary stakeholders. 24 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D ANNUAL REPORT 2010 Global Development Network (GDN) Collaboration 2.19 In 2010, at the request of the Ministry of Finance of Japan, the World Bank and GDN 2.20 The first grant in FY10 for US$200,000 is being awarded to the Paraguay Financially Self-Sufficient School Project for scale up of the program in the five countries where it is being piloted: Bolivia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Program 2 entered into a new five-year collaboration Nicaragua, and Paraguay. This project was Activities agreement to provide additional funding selected for its financially independent approach in Fiscal through JSDF to eligible winners of the Most as it features 100 percent cost recovery. Year 2010 Innovative Development Project (MIDP) Working with Civil Society program, or runners-up who meet certain criteria. Launched by the World Bank, GDN is 2.21 The JSDF program encourages the par- now an international organization of research ticipation of NGOs and CSOs in the planning, and policy institutes promoting knowledge preparation, and implementation of grants. for the purpose of development, based in Experience suggests that high quality NGOs can New Delhi, India. Since 2000, the MIDP Award reach the poor in ways that government projects has been one of the categories of the annual cannot. Under the JSDF, an NGO/CSO can be both the recipient and the implementing agency, Global Development Awards and Medals although sometimes, depending on a country’s Competition organized by GDN, providing laws or a government’s preference, a governmen- prizes in cash and travel for three institutions tal agency is the recipient and the NGO/CSO the which present the most innovative, replicable implementing agency. Implementation may also and sustainable examples of ongoing develop- be carried out jointly by an NGO/CSO with the ment projects. The additional financing would recipient government. Although central govern- support innovative projects in two ways: ments may act as recipients and pass-through ■ JSDF would proactively explore the agents for the funds, the JSDF prefers to have potential for winning or short-listed proposals local governments act as implementing agencies. to benefit from full JSDF grants under its Regular Program, and Table 2: REGULAR PROGRAM NUMBER OF GRANTS ■ In the case that the winning proposal APPROVED BY IMPLEMENTING AGENCY TYPE is not deemed eligible for a full JSDF FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 TOTAL grant, the winning organization could Government 13 4 8 4 11 11 51 receive an additional grant of up to NGO/CSO 15 5 11 9 15 12 67 US$200,000, subject to approval of a Joint Govt/NGO/CSO 2 2 1 0 0 2 7 supplementary grant proposal by GDN TOTAL: 30 11 20 13 26 25 125 and JSDF. 2.22 Under the Regular Program in FY10, 12 imple- In the latter case, GDN will be responsible menting agencies (48% of the total) were NGO/ for disbursement of the additional grant and CSO entities, while two were joint implementation supervision during implementation. JSDF arrangements. In addition, five of the 11 grants with will also support GDN’s administrative and government recipients identified NGOs to be supervision costs by providing an additional subcontracted to implement selective components. 15% of the grant for such purposes, which Annex 5 lists the names of Implementing Agencies would include maintaining accounting for Regular Grants approved in FY10. Table 2 records, preparing progress reports, and presents the breakdown of regular program J A PA N S O C I A L D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 25 having financial records audited. grant approvals by type of implementing agency. ANNUAL REPORT 2010 2 Program 2.23 One of the important roles of the JSDF has been to promote the engagement of NGOs/CSOs and local governments as implementing agencies, to complement Bank operations which benefit mainly Case Study: Thailand — Legal Aid Services for Poor and Vulnerable People Affected by the Tsunami 2.26 The tsunami and its aftermath raised Activities central government programs. The majority a wide range of legal issues, big and small. in Fiscal of proposals submitted under the Regular Many of the tsunami victims were fishermen Year 2010 program, in Rounds 29-31, featured NGO or or low-income islanders who had rarely had joint government-NGO implementation. any contact with government prior to the However, under the Emergency Window, disaster. Some of them were without birth and largely reflecting the need to deliver certificates or marriage registrations. services through entities already engaged Many of the survivors were also children and in Bank-financed operations 70% of the 13 women, the more vulnerable groups of the proposals prepared in FY10 had government implementing agencies, three had NGOs, Box 11: THAILAND and one was jointly implementated. CASE STUDY JSDF Grant Amount: US$1.8 million. The JSDF Active Portfolio in FY10 – Grants Under Implementing Agency: The Asia Foundation Implementation Rating at Completion for Development 2.24 In FY10 the active JSDF portfolio Objective: Highly Satisfactory included 106 recipient grants, with a value Implementation Period: January 31, of US$180.4 million. This includes newly 2006 – December 10, 2009 activated grants, or those closing during FY10. Grant Objective: To support the efforts of poor and vulnerable persons affected Progress reports prepared by Task Teams by the 2004 tsunami to rebuild their reported the following ratings for expectation lives through the provision of legal and of achievement of development objectives: related services. 88% rated in the Satisfactory range, while 11% Grant Activities: (ii) Provision of Sub- rated in the Unsatisfactory range. grants to selected legal service providers and to beneficiaries to enable them to 2.25 From the active portfolio of 106 grants, access legal and related support services;, 20 grants were completed during the year, (ii) Legal outreach to communities through skills training programs to legal totaling US$25.3 million. A separate report service providers for needed services is prepared summarizing the results for each to tsunami victims, (iii) Public awareness project completed. The results and lessons campaigns through radio, television learned from two grants completed in FY10 and publications on the availability and purpose of legal aid, (iv) Provision of are featured below: Box 11: Thailand Legal civic participation training to affected Aid Services for Poor and Vulnerable People communities to build their capacity to Affected by the Tsunami (TF055621), and Box address their legal and related needs, (v) 12: India Panchayat Decentralization in Tamil Outreach to women and children through sub-grants, and (vi) Social support, Nadu (TF52880). including counseling services by social workers and psychologists and accompa- J A PA N S O C I A L 26 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D nied visits to medical services. ANNUAL REPORT 2010 population in many societies. There were many unmarried couples with children which resulted in child custodian and adoption issues and disputes which required legal solutions. Many also needed help resolving ■ Outreach of Legal Services. T-LAC also took its services to the community through legal aid workshops and a mobile legal aid clinic which traveled into villages to give direct assistance on issues that were more Program 2 land disputes or simply filing for government complex than the volunteers could handle. Activities restitution. Over the life of the Project, This reduced the necessity of clients travelling in Fiscal legal and related services were provided to to Krabi. A door-knock campaign enabled Year 2010 approximately 10,000 poor and vulnerable T-LAC to reach the most isolated potential individuals affected by the tsunami. These clients who were unable or unwilling to come people were in communities in Ranong, to the workshops or the clinics for assistance. Phangna, Krabi, and Satul. The Center covered a wide range of issues requiring legal assistance, such as declaring someone dead or missing, appointing the custodian of a child orphaned by the tsunami, prosecuting a child’s rights violator, and claiming owner- ship of property. It also helped the victims to receive financial assistance or compensation to which they were entitled, as promised by the Government. Implementation Experience and Results The Asia Foundation, established in March The Task Team had the opportunity to 2006 with grant resources, the Tsunami Rights observe this process at the community level Legal Aid Referral Center (T-LAC) in Krabi — as part of a supervision mission and was a town within the affected area. T-LAC was struck by the ease with which volunteers headed by a lawyer, supported by paid were able to penetrate the communities with paralegals and trained volunteers including the assistance of local leaders. T-LAC clients persons with expertise in related services received a wide range of free legal services needed to enable clients to make effective and counsel, such as assistance related to use of the legal assistance and advice offered (i) obtaining legal guardianship of orphaned by T-LAC. These services included social, minors, (ii) asserting rights over properties medical and psychological assistance. of relatives killed or lost in the tsunami, T-LAC assisted approximately 10,000 clients (iii) applying for documentation lost in the during the course of the Project. In addition tsunami; and (iv) procuring DNA evidence to assisting people who came to the head needed to receive benefits and assert rights. office in Krabi, T-LAC staff organized ■ DNA Testing. The highest number of cases numerous workshops in various communities involved DNA testing, followed by applications to identify and train volunteers who in turn for statutory death certifications regarding peo- assisted clients in those communities with ple missing in the tsunami, and then appoint- basic legal and related issues. They referred ment of guardianship for children orphaned more complex issues to T-LAC which then by the tsunami. The DNA testing program referred cases to pro bono lawyers as needed. addressed the problem of people in remote or J A PA N S O C I A L very poor tsunami-affected areas who were D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 27 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 2 Program unregistered as Thai citizens, or who had lost their registration IDs in the floods. The center collected DNA samples from over 1,000 people and collaborated with a govern- ment scheme to provide legal status to them ■ Training of Paralegals. About 124 volunteer paralegals were trained, 25 of whom now work without supervision of a lawyer. They not only helped T-LAC fulfill its mandate, they were able to empower themselves and their Activities as appropriate. Without an ID card, these communities through their improved knowl- in Fiscal people, most of whom were not ethnic Thai, edge of legal rights. This young cadre will Year 2010 were not eligible for government assistance be able to continue to help others in the offered after the tsunami; nor were they community, helping with sustainability of able to continue their education or seek services introduced under the project. legal employment. DNA testing also allowed Volunteers from within the communities survivors to prove relationships for the were trained in resolving, or referring, as purposes of inheritance to people who had died in the tsunami. appropriate, legal and related social, psycho- logical and medical issues. The law was thus ■ Legal Training. T-LAC provided training made more accessible to beneficiaries, and for over 500 paralegal volunteers, organizing expertise was left in the community. Project workshops on specialized topics (such as DNA and naturalization). For example, a activities were sustainable, and there was Civic and Legal Education Workshop was a sense of ownership and empowerment Fada Jundang, conducted for the Moken sea gypsies, who among the beneficiaries, both those who were a tsunami survivor are among the hardest-to-reach and most trained as volunteers, and their neighbors herself, joined the in-need groups. They had little understanding and relatives who knew and trusted them. Legal Aid Center of their rights or the legal process and often The majority of issues were administrative to help other did not speak Thai. Five other Civic and Legal and required nurturing and maintenance of tsunami survivors Education Workshops catered to the youth excellent relationships with local government protect their rights. in tsunami-affected areas. During these officials. This was very successfully achieved. The tsunami had workshops, T-LAC recruited teenage ■ Impact on Government Policy. The destroyed her paralegal volunteers and assistants to Government of Thailand and the Law father’s boat and reach out to the younger population in their Society of Thailand incorporated this her mother’s food communities and schools. Civic Participation method of delivery of legal and related shop, as well as and Local Governance workshops were held services into their legal aid policy and/or her house near to deal with the overall problems faced by practices. The government and the Law Ao Ton Sai pier communities as a whole, and to coordinate Society were also made aware of legal and on Phi Phi Island. possible ways of tackling them. related issues paramount to the lives of Around 50 of ■ Special Assistance to Women. The Project isolated poor and vulnerable populations. her relatives were also supported the Women Lawyer’s Associa- ■ Impact on Knowledge Exchange. killed, and many tion of Thailand which focused on women, There was substantial knowledge sharing of her younger who were reluctant to be assisted by male lawyers, and their dependants. Multidisci- and exchange of ideas between communi- cousins became plinary support was integrated into the other ties through workshops, and from the legal orphans because components and provided as an integral part staff to local volunteers and subsequently of the tsunami. to members of the community. of those activities. The Women Lawyers Asso- ciation of Thailand provided legal advice and J A PA N S O C I A L 28 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D assistance to a total of about 1,000 women. ANNUAL REPORT 2010 Lessons Learned: Where legal experts are scarce, especially in emergency situations, creating a cadre of paralegals makes it possible to provide le- gal aid to thousands of people. To achieve, the be done to build the capacity of Panchayats — which are by-passed by most government programs. The Government of Tamil Nadu state has implemented a series of reforms to develop stronger and more inclusive Program 2 T-LAC trained volunteers to serve as parale- Panchayats. The JSDF project supported this Activities gals (Lawyer’s Assistant). During the training, effort by piloting a new way to deliver basic in Fiscal T-LAC staff members introduced the volun- services to the rural poor by shifting from the Year 2010 teers to the basic law and specific legal rights traditional use of government agencies of the tsunami victims. Volunteers also learn or NGOs to one where the Panchayats are about the legal aid provided by the Center, in the driver’s seat. The project drew on and data collection as well as interview tech- experience elsewhere in India and abroad, niques. After completing the training, they which demonstrated that decentralized went to the tsunami-affected communities systems could provide better and more rapid to run the “door-knock” campaign, a door- benefits to the poor and most vulnerable. to-door operation to identify the survivors in need of legal aid. Providing Legal Triage helps save a substantial Box 12: INDIA CASE STUDY amount of resources — money, time, effort, JSDF Grant Amount: US$595,140 providing basic triage assistance at the local Implementing Agency: Tamil Nadu Corporation for Development level, through their trained community parale- of Women and Disadvantaged Persons gals, only referring complex cases to lawyers. Rating at Completion for Development Objective: Satisfactory Training community-based volunteer parale- Implementation Period: March 11, 2004 – December 31, 2009 gals helps sustainability. Project activities Development Objectives: The objectives of the Project are to: became sustainable as they will continue (a) better understand and build capacity of local governments to be carried out by community based (panchayats) in village planning, financial management, community volunteer paralegals. This mode of delivery based targeting, budgeting, and public administration, and the role empowers the communities, and promotes that self help groups and other community groups can play to make a sense of ownership. these processes more equitable; and (b) support selected pilot local governments to prepare and implement development plans with a Case Study: India – focus on improving the delivery of services. Decentralization to Grant Activities: (i) Training and capacity building of local govern- Village Governments in ments and community organizations in the areas of participation, Tamil Nadu (“Panchayats”) inclusive village planning and budgeting, resource mobilization and financial management, community based targeting and overall pub- 2.27 Decentralization in India is very lic administration, (ii) A Livelihood Fund for important to achieve poverty reduction. India four selected panchayats to co-finance their panchayat develop- amended its constitution in the early 1990s ment plans which prioritize investments needs; and (iii) Vulnerability to strengthen decentralization and local reduction through an allocation of funds to local governments governance, and all Indian states, including (and their social welfare subcommittees) to focus on two particular groups of vulnerable people — child laborers and disabled people. Tamil Nadu, have subsequently reinforced their commitment to decentralization through State Panchayat (village community J A PA N S O C I A L governance) Acts. However, much remains to D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 29 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 2 Program Implementation Experience and Results A consultation process involving local governments, civil society, and the private sector was used to design a project that integrates three key components: 3. Community Driven Development Approach (CDD) The project followed the CDD approach where village communities identify their own needs, design and plan the interventions, Activities 1. Livelihoods Focus implement the plans and monitor them, in Fiscal ■ Village communities were introduced to embracing five principles: Year 2010 new income generating opportunities and ■ Inclusion – a focus on the very poor and provided substantial technical and financial disadvantaged sections of the community assistance to improve the productivity of (differently-abled, widows, destitute and other existing skills, assets. vulnerable people). In all, 90 percent of the ■ Partnerships and tie-ups with the private project benefits were to flow to the poor and sector, research institutions and other the disadvantaged sections of the community. agencies were also established to provide About 60 percent of the village funds were technical know-how, product development to flow to the very poor. and market linkages. ■ Equity – a focus on women – they were ■ Access to savings, credit and insurance to play a determining role in all community services was strengthened to help build organizations promoted and in decision- financial assets and mitigate risks. making process related to project activities. ■ Participation – to ensure the participation of all the primary stakeholders, adequately represented by target poor, differently-abled and most vulnerable and youth in all project activities. All activities and programmatic decisions of the project at the village were to be based on participatory processes involving at least 60 percent or 1/3 of the target population. ■ Facilitating Style – the project functionar- ies, representatives, resource organizations and support staff were to maintain the true 2. Incentives for Pro-poor Local Governance spirit of community driven development to encourage Panchayats to: across all the activities, processes and adopt ■ improve their governance by becoming an enabling style so as to ensure self help transparent and accountable to their and transfer of control to the community. community members; The project was to trust in the capacity of ■ respond to the needs of the poor by effec- the poor to undertake, control and decide tive identification of the most vulnerable; and on all the activities of the project. ■ provide support to the Village Poverty ■ Transparency and Accountability. Reduction Committees (VPRC) to implement All activities in the project were to ensure the VPRC Fund efficiently and in accordance transparency and downward accountability. J A PA N S O C I A L 30 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D with the agreed rules and procedures. ANNUAL REPORT 2010 Lessons Learned Communications is critical to the successful implementation of a participatory project. Every VPRC received intensive training on the project and its core principles, and the of project benefits and further reinforces everyone’s understanding of the program’s rules and goals. The PIP has been so effective that other government programs, like the Old Age Pension Scheme, now recognize the Program 2 members then created materials to inform village PIP lists as better targeting tools than Activities the rest of the village about the project their own BPL lists. in Fiscal as well as any decisions made on specific y linked. The Disability and poverty are closely Year 2010 development interventions. These materials PIP process highlighted were posted on walls throughout the village, that households with and posters and placards were used to explain disabled people were the project’s principles, the beneficiaries, among the poorest in and other information about project rules any village. The disabled and processes. This community-based in rural areas have communication contributed greatly to the few if any services, and atmosphere of transparency and ownership awareness of services that surrounded the program. that are available is also Identifying the poor is not a straightforward very low. In response, activity and can be facilitated through the the VPRC developed an participatory identification of the poor (PIP) entire initiative targeting method. Development projects in India have the disabled and linking long used the “Below Poverty Line,” or BPL them to government and NGO services. The list, to target their interventions to the poor. villages have hosted “fairs” where villagers However, close collaboration with villages in can have their hearing and eyesight checked, the JSDF pilot showed that poverty is a more linked crippled villagers to programs to get nuanced condition and that BPL lists alone do wheelchairs, and identified school programs not necessarily identify those most in need. for the intellectually challenged. Moreover, The pilot used the PIP method to enhance VPRCs have helped the disabled form their the targeting of benefits. In the PIP process, own self-help groups to begin savings and trained facilitators worked with the entire thrift activities, and have given priority to village in a public meeting to physically map helping disabled villagers establish income out the village, with the villagers determining generating activities that are within their who the poorest among them are — e.g. ability to manage and that give them not only family members with disabilities, widows, income, but improved status in the village. those with no land, no house, etc. The Youth are important targets for develop- village households were ranked in this public ment programs. The JSDF pilot villages meeting using the villagers’ own criteria. This saw increased involvement of both women information was then posted publicly for (a planned target group) and youth (an a number of days to give villagers time to unplanned target group) in project activities. respond to the findings. Finally, the list was In fact, youth emerged as an important presented and voted on in the Gram Sabha interest group in village development. (Village Council). This transparent mechanism J A PA N S O C I A L helps reduce disputes over the assignment D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 31 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 2 Program Livelihoods opportunities for the rural poor must extend beyond agriculture. The project’s skills development program was very successful at identifying jobs and training opportunities outside the farm sector and participate in grant signing ceremonies, normally taking place in the World Bank’s local country office. For Rounds 29-31, 44 grant proposals were received by the JSDF Unit, amounting to US$102 million, out of Activities for villagers, especially youth, who were which 19 proposals, or 43%, were found to in Fiscal unemployed or underemployed. Over 26,000 meet program criteria and were subsequently Year 2010 youth received training, with many being submitted to the Government of Japan for placed in good paying jobs in construction, approval. In FY10, Japan approved 25 proposals garment manufacturing, light and heavy under the Regular Program, including propos- vehicle operation, auto maintenance and als that were pending from Rounds 24 through computer manufacture. The opportunities 27 as issues were resolved. Round 31 proposals created through programs can have long- were submitted to Japan in FY11, and approv- term effects on families’ income prospects. als are expected in late 2010. Proposals are submitted to MOFA through the Bank’s Office of the Executive Director of Japan, whose staff is also responsible for oversight of the program. Consultation meetings between the MOF and CFPTO/JSDF Unit also take place periodically through video conference, and at an annual consultation meeting in Tokyo. 2.29 In the spirit of harmonization and the objectives of the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness — to strengthen ownership, alignment, harmonization, results and mutual accountability — the Bank and JICA collaborate at the country level, addressing Consultation Activities with potential overlap and improving alignment the Government of Japan and country ownership. Communication efforts have been sustained to ensure 2.28 All JSDF grants are reviewed and that Japanese counterparts are informed approved by the Ministry of Finance (MOF) regarding JSDF projects in the pipeline and of Japan, in consultation with Japan’s Ministry as individual project grants are approved. of Foreign Affairs (MOFA) and the Japan Collaborative meetings between Bank project International Cooperation Agency (JICA). teams and JICA representatives take place Japan’s internal review supports harmoni- regularly during the grant design stage, in zation to avoid duplication and enhance particular, during stakeholder consultation development and aid effectiveness to achieve workshops financed through JSDF Seed lasting results. Accordingly, the Embassy Funds. Japanese counterparts are openly of Japan in the recipient country and JICA invited to participate in progress review mis- country representatives are extensively J A PA N S O C I A L sions and knowledge sharing events. consulted during the grant design phase 32 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D ANNUAL REPORT 2010 Chapter 3 JSDF Knowledge Sharing 3.01 The JSDF portfolio continues to produce knowledge contained valuable lessons that are being captured and in the reports. The disseminated by the JSDF Unit in collabora- database is also to tion with Bank Task Teams and beneficiaries. be made available These lessons can improve the mainstreaming to the public through of tested innovations, influence project design the new JSDF website. and contribute to the body of global knowl- JSDF edge on community development, both Knowledge generally and in the context of specific tech- Dissemination niques and approaches. In FY10, the JSDF in Tokyo team supported knowledge dissemination 3.03 In FY10, Japanese government offi- through five activities: 1) the compilation of cials, representatives from Japanese NGOs, a database of completed JSDF projects and academia, and the public, participated in a related documents that has facilitated analysis one-day conference held at the Bank’s Tokyo of the portfolio; 2) a JSDF knowledge dissemi- Development Learning Center to dissemi- nation event in Tokyo open to Japanese NGOs, nate knowledge about JSDF project results. academia, and the public; 3), launching of University students in Japan also participated Good Practice Notes (GPN) series; 4) presen- through video-link. The event showcased tation of lessons learned in a review of JSDF best practice JSDF projects which had made grants closed in FY08-09 based on a portfolio a positive impact on communities and the of 57 completed grants during that period; lives of the poor in developing countries, and and 5) renewal of the external/internal JSDF offered an accumulated, rich body of knowl- website to improve the presentation and edge and lessons learned from their imple- content of program knowledge and adminis- mentation. During the event, the Bank also tration (see http://www.worldbank.org/jsdf). recognized the generous and continued sup- Database of JSDF port from the Government of Japan towards Completed Projects poverty reduction, through the JSDF. 3.02 In FY10, 20 grants were completed 3.04 A highlight at the Conference was and are being added to the JSDF database the keynote speech by the Vice-Minister of of closed projects. For each grant approved Finance of Japan, Mr. Rintaro Tamaki, also under the program since its inception ten known as the ‘father of the JSDF’, who played years ago, the database includes basic data, a key role in designing JSDF at the end of the component description and results, the origi- 1990s, while serving as Alternative Executive nal funding proposal and completion report Director at the World Bank. Mr. Tamaki noted and any evaluation reports. The database has that, when JSDF was established, “most of facilitated analysis of the JSDF portfolio and the Asian countries were suffering detrimental J A PA N S O C I A L D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 33 provided a central store for the accumulated impacts from the Asian crisis, particularly in ANNUAL REPORT 2010 3 JSDF social services” and thus the Government of Japan and the World Bank “pursued the idea to establish a new grant fund to support innovative social programs for the poor and the vulnerable.” Reflecting on his experience regional knowledge-sharing workshops organized by JSDF, in collaboration with the Global Development Learning Network. The four projects had been selected as best practices, to disseminate knowledge Knowledge with early JSDF projects, Mr. Tamaki stressed to development partners and practitioners. Sharing that the JSDF continues to meet assistance These regional events had broad reaching needs by being flexible, innovative, and national and international participation, inclusive, and is thus responsive to emerging including Japanese local representatives, economic and social conditions. bilateral donors, and NGOs. 3.06 The Tokyo event was very well received, with many positive comments and apprecia- tion expressed by participants. Project presentations were followed by questions and answers from Japanese constituents. The Tokyo event included a JSDF photo exhibition along with crafts and other items produced through JSDF projects, for example, the Steffen Janus, WBI Making Globalization Work for the Poor in India helping rural sari producers and artisans. The conference itself was carried out in six languages — Japanese, Arabic, English, French, Indonesian, and Spanish — presenting a global Reception and 3.05 The Tokyo conference was attended outreach through Japan international aid. JSDF Project by representatives of four successful JSDF Booth Displays projects, who presented the challenges JSDF Good Practice Notes (GPN) at Tokyo they encountered reaching the poor, and Knowledge highlighted results they achieved in their 3.07 One of the key features of the knowl- Dissemination projects: 1) access to law and justice for edge dissemination strategy for JSDF was Seminar indigenous groups in Ecuador, 2) preventing the introduction of the Good Practice Note child labor in Egypt, 3) participation and civil series, encapsulating in a four-page brief the engagement in post-conflict reconstruction key features of the participatory design of a in Senegal, and 4) empowerment of women JSDF project, its implementation experience, head-of-household in Indonesia. Beneficiaries and sharing the lessons learned and results. from these projects gave moving testimonials The GPNs carry the new banner introduced that spoke to the impact of the projects on for the program on the occasion of its tenth their lives and their communities. The local anniversary In October 2009 during the implementing agencies and Bank Task Teams Tokyo JSDF Conference, the first Good for these projects were presented with a Practice Note was released. Three GPNs certificate of achievement recognizing their were prepared in FY09 for Vietnam Early project’s impact on the targeted beneficiaries. Child Care and Development, Sri Lanka Presentations in Tokyo built on the knowledge Village Self-Help Learning Initiative, and J A PA N S O C I A L gathered in 2008-09, through four in-country Senegal Social Development Fund. 34 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D ANNUAL REPORT 2010 Chapter 4 Taking Stock — 10 Years of JSDF Achievements Introduction 4.01 The occasion of the tenth anniversary of the establishment of the JSDF provides an opportunity to reflect on the unique nature of the Program, take stock of its achievements, and better understand the enduring and continuous demand for its support. Ten years of experience and an increasingly robust set of evaluations and knowledge products is revealing the inherent nature and impact of the Fund with regard to vulnerable people in Asia and beyond. This material not only to hunger, disease, homelessness and the provides a deeper understanding of the surge of abject poverty. Over the years, while unique nature and impact of the JSDF, the Program has evolved and responded to but also provides reassurance on how the emerging priorities, it has always maintained The Goal of program has contributed to the theory and its core focus and principles. Since inception, practice of human security as first articulated Human Security the JSDF has awarded 261 recipient grants for in Japan over ten years ago. The State a total of US$421.5 million to communities “To establish Secretary of Foreign Affairs of Japan, Mr. in 69 low-income and lower-middle income Koichi Takemasa, recently reaffirmed the a society countries primarily in Asia, covering East Asia- goals of the theme of Human Security on the Pacific and South Asia Regions, and Central where each occasion of UN Day on — “Human security Asian countries. Hundreds of thousands of the and every focuses on each person. It aims to protect poorest and most vulnerable have had their human lives, livelihoods and dignity through person’s life lives improved and had their voices heard in empowerment of both individuals and decisions that affect their wellbeing. matters, communities so that they can fully realize their a society in rich potential, and protection of people from Unique by Design various threats, including conflicts, poverty, which people 4.03 One of the requirements of JSDF is that landmines, drugs and infectious diseases. The view others’ it support innovative approaches to reach goal is “to establish a society where each and happiness as out to the most vulnerable not reached by every person’s life matters, a society in which other programs and to help them address their own.” people view others’ happiness as their own.” their vulnerabilities (see Box 13). These goals 4.02 Established in June 2000, the original are embodied in the design criteria used in objective of the JSDF was to provide grants projects, namely identifying and targeting to assist communities affected by the Asian the most vulnerable, involving communities financial crisis. The crisis had increased the in the design and implementation of projects, J A PA N S O C I A L D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 35 vulnerability of many of the region’s poor employing NGO’s that are committed to the ANNUAL REPORT 2010 4 Taking goals of the project and to the beneficiaries, and holding local government to their re- sponsibilities vis-a-vis the communities. The design of an innovative project is not, how- ever, viewed as a sufficient criterion as JSDF the JSDF approach to social development and its impact on vulnerability. In the most abstract sense JSDF is really about “human security.” Many if not all JSDF grants address and contribute to the human security of Stock — projects also require that communities use the the beneficiaries — members of vulnerable 10 Years grants to acquire the capacity to help them- groups or communities. By definition, actions of JSDF selves by being active participants in society, to reduce vulnerability, in effect, raise human Achievements and by assuring better access to resources security. While poverty alleviation is a much or capital, or generating improvements in more widely used objective of development, income, among others. Commonly, NGOs as- human security is an equally enduring and sist with the necessary capacity building and, important objective of social development. if appropriate, with the development of local Unfortunately, the past financial crises were groups, organizations or institutions to retain not unique in negatively affecting the human the acquired capacity and put it to work security of the poor. During the ten years of for the benefit of community members. the JSDF, human factors and natural disasters Box 13: REACHING GROUPS BANK LENDING DOES NOT REACH In Cambodia the World Bank was providing IDA credit support to a national Education program. A locally operating NGO observed that the schools being built with IDA support had no facilities for handicapped children, although it was well known that these were numerous, many of them disabled through landmines left over from past conflicts. The NGO received a JSDF grant specifically aimed at providing access to Education for handicapped children. In Ethiopia, a Bank loan was under preparation to upgrade electric generation and transmission for Addis Ababa. The Bank Task Team Leader (TTL) observed that most of the energy consumed in Addis Ababa came from firewood, and that hundreds of desperately poor women trekked daily into the hills around the city to collect firewood and carry it on their backs to the city for sale. These women were exploited by forest guards, their health was undermined by the weight of their daily loads, they faced child-care issues and their incomes were tiny. The Government and the Bank did not wish to add a component to the loan to support a part of the energy sector which would not generate revenue to support loan repayment, so the TTL developed a JSDF proposal to address the needs of women wood carriers. This focus on targeting the most vulnerable, have continued to affect and possibly increase piloting innovative approaches, bringing the vulnerability of the poor. The record direct benefits to communities, on building of ten years of achievements suggest that community capacity and sustainability and JSDF fulfills the unique role of protecting on the virtues of scale-up and replication and/or improving the human security of uniquely identifies the JSDF and distinguishes vulnerable people and groups. Importantly, the Program from the majority of small- while it could be said that other poverty medium grant making mechanisms. alleviation, social development, education and health projects also contribute to 4.04 While the uniqueness of JSDF is mostly human security, the experience with JSDF seen in terms of these design aspects, much J A PA N S O C I A L grants shows that rather than doing this in a less has been said about the alignment of 36 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D piecemeal, isolated, or reactive manner, JSDF ANNUAL REPORT 2010 addresses human security in a comprehensive, multi-sector manner. This has brought forth dividends not only in terms of results on the ground, but in the sustainability of these results and the replication of tried and tested of economic productivity and social capital. The Bank’s 2007 World Development Report featured youth and development, noting that 1.3 billion young people are now living in the developing world — the largest ever Taking 4 ideas in other circumstances. youth group in history, with young people Stock — making up nearly half of the ranks of the 10 Years Targeting the Poorest and Most Disadvantaged world’s unemployed. Training and job creation of JSDF are of essence for youth to be active citizens, Achievements 4.05 When proposals for JSDF assistance while failure to do so could lead to wide- are reviewed by the Bank team, a standard spread disillusionment and social tensions, rule-of-thumb is that “targeting the poor” is and a missed opportunity for surging not a sufficient rationale for JSDF program economic growth and poverty reduction. funding. The World Bank’s fundamental Jordan and Moldova are two examples of objective is to fight countries c where poverty and this JSDF J invested objective should i at-risk-youth. in be at the heart of everything the Bank does. JSDF aims to complement Bank- financed and other government or donor’s programs by reaching out to groups who are on the margin of society and who, as a result, may have been excluded from broad poverty alleviation efforts or existing govern- ment programs. Rather than simply providing assistance or integrating these groups into the existing programs, JSDF uniquely seeks 4.07 The objective of the Jordan Integrating to include them, to empower them to achieve At-Risk Children into Mainstream Society their human potential. Examples abound of grant was to build capacity of community- cases where this approach has not only ben- based referral and partner organizations, efited the target groups but where society in including NGOs, to help reintegrate youth general has been enriched (see Box 14). at risk (aged 10-18) into mainstream society. 4.06 Some examples illustrate the work of Two innovative approaches were used to the JSDF involving two vulnerable groups. respond rapidly to the children’s needs: a Youth are considered a vulnerable group due mentoring approach that provided a means to the social and institutional barriers they of advocacy for children and also recreated face, their lack of assets and capital and their a supportive and effective social linkage for exclusion from decision-making. Unemploy- them outside of the government structure, J A PA N S O C I A L ment and alienation can lead to poverty, loss and a bottom up mainstreaming process D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 37 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 4 Taking that helped change the institutional and social environment of at-risk children. A unique feature was the involvement of former “street kids” in planning and delivery of services and activities. The pilot exceeded provided business training, assisted in the design and implementation of a business plan, and rewarded the best candidates with an equity building grant to serve as collateral in order to link the beneficiaries Stock — its expected outcomes, offering mentoring to to the formal financial sector and thus 10 Years over 12,000 youth and diversifying the train- ensure sustainability. Ultimately the JSDF of JSDF ing and employment opportunities of around grant facilitated the creation of 143 business- Achievements 100,000 school dropouts. es throughout 17 rayons (districts). Box 14: BRINGING DIRECT BENEFITS TO THOSE MOST IN NEED On the coast of Tanzania inshore marine resources are threatened, and the livelihoods of inshore fishermen at great risk. A JSDF project has been providing them with micro-finance based assistance to establish fish farms, sea-weed growing enterprises, tourist attractions, catering ventures, small retail stores and other income diversification opportunities, while at the same time sensitizing them to the need to manage in-shore marine resources if these are to return to a sustainable exploitation level. In Tamil Nadu, in south-east India, a JSDF project targeted the poorest people, in the poorest villages, in the poorest Districts of the State. When participatory village level enquiries looked into the characteristics of the very poorest it was found that their destitution was often associated with medical issues including physical or mental disability or hearing or sight loss. The project arranged for “medical camps” where physicians were brought in for a short period to address the medical needs of all the most destitute in the target villages. This provided a cost-effective approach which gave many poor people hearing aids, spectacles, prosthetic limbs or other treatment for the first time. In Kenya, a local NGO proposed a project to address the needs of unemployed young people through a competitive grants program. The NGO itself invited applications from youth groups for projects to benefit their members, and found itself deluged with requests. As a result it was able to choose only the best proposals, and supervise grants to organizations such as the Kenya Union of the Blind, helping blind young women to develop independent living skills and set up their own businesses, and to environment volunteers to strengthen their forest conservation efforts. 4.08 The Moldova Youth Socio-Economic Today, most businesses created with support Empowerment through Inclusive Business of the grant are still operating despite the Development and Innovative Social Service economic downturn. Delivery grant, in addition to undertaking 4.09 Another disenfranchised group, poor activities at the country’s youth centers similar women, single head-of-household — and to those used elsewhere (e.g. Turkey), sought their children — often bear the brunt of their to help youth find employment by funding a economic status, as they have fewer opportu- US$1 million component for inclusive business nities for education. Familial obligations and development (self-employment promotion) lack of resources further inhibit women’s which helped youth qualify for small loans advancement in society. However, when to start their own businesses. This approach J A PA N S O C I A L provided with training and opportunity to 38 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D ANNUAL REPORT 2010 increase their incomes, for example, through community driven development micro- projects, women are able to improve their situation. Taking 4 Moreover, studies suggest Stock — that giving women income- 10 Years earning opportunities of JSDF supports development as Achievements they reinvest more in their families and communities than do men. 4.10 JSDF financed projects benefiting women several JSDF funding phases, PEKKA, has an range from self reliance programs for women estimated total family membership of 70,000 in mining communities in Papua New Guinea across 252 villages, 5,049 sub-districts and to poverty alleviation for Ethiopian women 20 districts in eight provinces. PEKKA aims fuel wood carriers — and from empowering to provide Delivering Direct Benefits women in rural Punjab by providing functional to Target Group Members far more than literacy, skills and micro-credit to providing 4.12 Many “poverty” related projects quite just funds to women legal representation and consultation in addition to general education on the laws justifiably involve working at one or more help women. that affect them in Jordan, Sri Lanka, and level removed from the ultimate target It provides Ecuador, among others. group. Research projects aimed at evaluating vocational and development efforts, capacity-building 4.11 The Widows and Poverty Program in leadership initiatives aimed at strengthening national Indonesia (PEKKA) provided community training institution’s ability to deliver services to the grants aimed at economic and social for members, rural poor, and training of teachers or nurses rehabilitation to groups of poor rural widows who are to work in rural areas are all examples literacy and in 151 villages located in six provinces, all of which were characterized by significant local of these. While these have proven value, book-keeping projects supported by JSDF are expected to classes and health conflict. PEKKA aims to provide far more deliver immediate direct benefits to the target than just funds to help women. It provides education. group members. They are also expected to vocational and leadership training for be designed to mitigate the risks of elite members, literacy and book-keeping classes capture, and proposals which seem to have a and health education. It encourages women high risk of this are usually rejected. In Box 13 to save their own funds and subsequently examples are provided of some of the ways in apply for micro-credit loans of up to US$100 which two JSDF projects for education for the for farming, animal husbandry, tailoring and disabled in Cambodia and for women-wood trading activities. PEKKA’s most significant carriers in Ethiopia directly benefitted the benefits, however, may be less tangible. target group members. They are found in the widow’s newfound confidence and pride in themselves. After J A PA N S O C I A L D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 39 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 4 Taking Piloting Innovative Approaches 4.13 JSDF program support to innovative initiatives is commonly singled out as its 4.14 JSDF provided the first significant grant to address the threat of Avian influenza. When the first outbreak was identified in Vietnam, JSDF provided a grant to immedi- ately support measures both to prevent most important feature. JSDF recognizes Stock — transmission of the virus but also to that innovation can take many forms and 10 Years compensate poultry farmers whose flocks when projects are submitted for review the of JSDF task team is asked to identify the innovative had to be slaughtered. The grant tested Achievements features. A critical strength of the JSDF is that new approaches to compensation, a vital it allows Bank task teams to pilot innovation but complex tool, as farmers need an induce- approaches in a controlled environment, and ment to ensure that they are willing to notify Box 15: INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO POVERTY ALLEVIATION In many countries the legal system, while technically available to all, is in practice inaccessible to the poor. In Ecuador, JSDF supported a project which worked with NGOs and recognized the importance of indigenous formal and informal customary legal processes in improving access for poor rural and urban communities to law and justice. Among other components the project trained teachers and children as mediators who could apply peaceful resolution of conflict techniques. In Colombia JSDF supported a modern dance and arts school, which aimed to use dance as a means to rebuild the self-esteem and psychological well-being of underprivileged youth who had been victims of displacements and violence, and to provide them with an alternative to violence, illegal activities or self-destructive behavior. This unusual initiative has proved highly successful and children who have benefited from the project danced before members of the Japanese Royal Family in October 2008. A key feature of the long-established Bank-supported onchocerciasis (“oncho” or river blindness) program in Africa has been the very successful use of village level community distributors to deliver the regular doses of Ivermectin, the drug that is needed to protect the population against oncho. In Guinea the local branch of the International Planned Parenthood Federation proposed to use the same community distributors to support the campaign against HIV/AIDS and Sexually-Transmitted Diseases in the same remote areas where oncho has been a threat. This was a pioneering approach to building on the success of the oncho program, which could be replicated in many other countries if the Guinea initiative proved successful. through rigorous monitoring and evaluation, authorities of infected birds. The lessons assess the success of these approaches learned from this first experiment with Avian and make adjustments. These lessons flu-related compensation arrangements are frequently used in the design of IDA provided information that was valuable in operations, but there are also many cases the global response, as Avian flu outbreaks where Government has adopted them, or emerged in Asia, Africa, the Middle East where international NGOs and other donors and Eastern Europe. have replicated the project design in other J A PA N S O C I A L locations (see Box 15). 40 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D ANNUAL REPORT 2010 4.15 In Sri Lanka, the Village Self-Help Learning Initiative Pilot (VSHLI) sought to introduce and test a direct funding mechanism for community driven 4.16 In Senegal, the World Bank was support- ing a village development program through the Social Development Fund Agency (AFDS) in all rural areas except Casamance, in the Taking 4 development (CDD) to reduce rural poverty, south, due to local instability and social con- Stock — in a country that had little or no experience flict. In the immediate post-conflict period, 10 Years with CDD. The pilot enabled villagers to when instability still meant a loan-based inter- of JSDF organize, identify, and implement their vention was risky, JSDF was asked to support Achievements own development projects. The pilot was a project based on the AFDS experience extremely successful and subsequent projects elsewhere but with innovative features aimed have expanded the program, which became at conflict resolution, community capacity- known as “Gemi Diriya” (“the strength of building and social cohesion. These proved villages”), from the pilot villages to over 1,000 a powerful complement to the identification villages. The JSDF grant financed, (i) local and implementation of community-led capacity building of village organizations projects, and the approaches developed and partnerships for communities to manage are now being adapted for use in other post- their affairs, and account for the use of conflict environments in Africa. funds through transparent standardized systems, (ii) the development of village information systems and participatory monitoring, providing tools and skills to prepare local Village Development Plans, carry out standardized monitoring and evaluation, and promote accountability for village development projects by measuring progress and results., and (iii) subprojects which improved the diversity of livelihood options and economic activity in the villages. One of the greatest lessons to come out of the VSHLI was that a relatively small but skillfully targeted investment, which relies on broad partnerships and local autonomy, has the potential to expand and impact 4.17 In the Sri Lanka and Senegal examples millions of lives. The initial JSDF grant focused the JSDF supported innovations that resulted on community-driven development and in substantial replication and scaling up. unleashed the enthusiasm and drive of people Many other examples of JSDF project innova- who had become entrenched in poverty, but tions can be cited, and Box 15 provides three, who still had the spirit to fight their way out from Ecuador, Colombia and Guinea. of it, given sufficient resources and support. J A PA N S O C I A L D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 41 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 4 Taking 4.18 The JSDF has also supported the provi- sion of innovative approaches to basic ser- vices — health, education and infrastructure — to improve the lives of the poorest and most vulnerable. Health interventions have included A key feature of JSDF from its inception has been its commitment to work, wherever pos- sible, with local governments, local communi- ty associations, and NGOs rather than through central government agencies (see Box 16). Stock — Piloting Innovations in Health Service Delivery JSDF has become one of the World Bank’s 10 Years for the Poor (Mozambique), Capacity Building major points of contact with civil society. of JSDF of Rural Traditional Herbalists (Kenya), Fifty-five percent of all projects approved by Achievements and Preventing Hepatitis B and C (Moldova). JSDF between FY05 and FY09 were imple- A grant in Senegal promoted a Public-Private mented by NGOs or CSOs and a further five Partnership for Hand Washing with Soap, a percent were jointly implemented by Govern- simple practice which can significantly reduce ment bodies and NGOs/CSOs. An important morbidity and mortality due to diarrheal benefit of partnering with civil society is disease. The project was implemented to the impact on sustainability of JSDF invest- complement a large water and sanitation ments resulting from the program’s focus project which provided access to improved on participatory methodologies, capacity services for the targeted population and thus building, and stakeholder ownership. contributed to the grant’s positive outcomes. 4.20 NGOs and CSOs may not submit pro- Working with Civil posals directly to the Bank. They need to work Society, Local with Bank TTLs who have the fiduciary respon- Governments and NGOs sibility to supervise the NGO performance as the implementing agency during the grant 4.19 The World Bank’s usual partners are cen- tral government sector Ministries and, most execution period. Many of these relationships commonly, Ministries of Finance and Planning. have proved highly effective in building relationships with local and international CSOs, and helped to bring in additional finan- Box 16: WORKING WITH NGOs cial resources in support of poverty reduction. A JSDF grant to World Vision International. Uganda in war-ravaged Engagement of civil society through JSDF has Northern Uganda, (i) provided specific vocational skills and tool kits that enabled 3152 youths to earn incomes and improve their livelihood, also helped to increase their capacity mana- (ii) contributed towards community reconciliation and conflict man- gerially and administratively, as well as to agement, and (iii) built the capacity of NGOs, CBOs and the private bring current technical knowledge by engag- sector to respond to the needs of youth. This effort was scaled up ing Bank sector experts. under the IDA-supported Northern Uganda Social Activity Fund. In Cambodia, Save the Children Norway. Cambodia skillfully managed 4.21 The participation of NGOs and CSOs in a project aimed at improving access and quality in all schools and the planning, implementation, and monitoring education offices in the northern region of Preah Vihear. A 2006 evalu- and evaluation of grant inputs and outcomes ation confirmed that the combination of a major infrastructure initiative is an effective approach as they are more with activities that built social capital and which were carried out by an NGO working in partnership with government at the local level likely to reach the most vulnerable in ways produced a powerful mobilizing effect on disadvantaged communities. government cannot. A JSDF grant can Enrolment rates were raised from 50% to 75% and promotion rates empower NGO/CSOs and can also work to rose to 85% with equal access to disadvantaged children. bring together governments with NGOs, community groups and civil society to reach J A PA N S O C I A L 42 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D at-risk populations. In post-conflict situations, ANNUAL REPORT 2010 where trust in government may be low, NGOs can operate in ways that bridge the gap, re-establish functioning communities, address basic infrastructure needs and begin the process of rebuilding trust. standards, and establish systems of sanctions, rewards and installation of feed-back and grievance mechanisms. The poor communities stand to profit the most from NGOs’ good governance practices. Taking 4 Stock — 4.22 While evaluations have shown that 4.25 NGOs play a key role in local capacity 10 Years working with NGOs is a highly effective building aimed at improving local government of JSDF means of reaching JSDF target groups, and accountability as shown in multiple JSDF in building local capacity, a number of lessons projects. While many projects aim to Achievements are emerging on factors that influence the introduce skills required for the community to success of this engagement. Project outcomes operate micro-finance funds, small business increase when the Bank partners with CSOs development and support as well as specific that are already active in the project area, vocational skills, a number have broadened that is, where there is a level of understanding this and strengthened local capacity with and commitment to the beneficiaries and the a view to improving accountability and longer term sustainability of project gains. transparency in local governance. Project In particular, NGOs can better stimulate examples include: community members to participate and gain ■ a large grant in Indonesia aimed at self-confidence. strengthening citizen participation in the 4.23 Evaluations have also shown, somewhat budget cycle by tracking public expenditures against the conventional wisdom, that NGOs and measuring the quality of service delivery neither disburse funds slower than govern- through the use of civic report cards. ments nor face particular concerns when trying ■ a grant in Cambodia focused on NGOs’ to balance their advocacy and operational complementary role in building capacity roles vis-a-vis the Bank. That being said, all and voice of the landless families and NGOs do not make suitable partners and empowering rural community organizations the Bank is committed to competitive and to help the landless gain access to land and transparent selection of NGOs — where livelihood support. this makes sense — and to support moves ■ a recently approved grant in Honduras to to professionalize these organizations. build citizen’s trust in public institutions by 4.24 In the Philippines, NGOs provide a enhancing the capacities of communities to significant contribution to the country’s exercise their right of access to information poverty reduction efforts. In an effort to and to use social auditing and policy improve the regulation of these organizations, advocacy tools. the JSDF grant for NGO Sector Efficiency and ■ a grant in Sierra Leone aimed at Accountability to Strengthen Service Delivery strengthening social capital by enhancing the to the Poor seeks to: establish capacity of villages and local governments to NGO performance standards for effective design and implement strategic development and efficient delivery of poverty reduction plans and to increase accountability of projects and basic services, evaluate NGOs decision makers through mechanisms that J A PA N S O C I A L as to their conformity with performance foster open and transparent governance. D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 43 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 4 Taking ■ The Participatory Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation process developed under the Guatemala Improving Economic Diversification and Governance for Sustain- able Community Livelihoods in Peten 4.27 Empowerment of the community is demonstrated by the Thailand Community Youth Helmet Use Program. Road trauma remains a serious issue in Thailand and it is increasingly recognized that the government Stock — project supports improved governance and communities must work together in order 10 Years in the region by enabling local actors to to effectively and sustainably improve road of JSDF identify priorities, make decisions, and have safety as previous top-down approaches, Achievements the means to follow-up on implementation including new laws with inconsistent enforce- of activities in a timely fashion. ment and campaigning, have not worked. Under the JSDF grant, awareness through Enhancing Welfare and Empowerment education and enforcement within the community tackled the problem from the 4.26 The ultimate objective of JSDF projects prevention side while an emergency medical is to enhance the welfare of the intended sub-component dealt with post-accident beneficiaries, and to enhance the empower- matters. The project fostered local ownership, ment of members of disadvantaged and involvement and bottom-up innovation through the design and implementation of various activities by the local communities and resources and technical assistance were provided. A lesson that emerged is that despite the fact that law enforcement strategies were not in force to reach the community, the JSDF project ensured that messages got out to the public and stimu- lated changes in behavior much sooner than laws could be agreed, enacted and enforced. Taking Ideas to Scale — The Link to IDA marginalized groups. The achievements of 4.28 A common critique of small-medium many JSDF projects in having a real and grant programs is that while they may bring sustainable impact on beneficiaries’ welfare benefits and even introduce innovative are well documented. A rigorous independent practices, these gains are rarely sustained evaluation of the program concluded that or scaled to the national or international “the projects have indeed made a tangible levels. The JSDF has been less prone to impact on beneficiaries.” While empowerment these missed opportunities thanks to its often implies a longer time duration than that explicit policy requirement that grants are of a typical JSDF project, one of the enduring to complement Bank-financed operations and consistent impressions Bank missions gain and are to be aligned with the relevant from visits to JSDF projects is their impact CPS, PRSP, and other interim assistance J A PA N S O C I A L on beneficiaries attitudes and behavior. strategies. Moreover, grants are to support 44 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D ANNUAL REPORT 2010 initiatives that lead to developing sustainable outcomes through the adoption or scaling up at completion through Bank-financed opera- tions or recipient Government programs. In practice this means that the task team 4.30 The Lao PDR Village Investment Project, which aimed to help poor rural households improve food security and basic services in their communities, is evidence of a project continuing after closure of the Taking 4 working on IDA poverty operations often grant under IDA credit funding, and it is Stock — worked side by side with JSDF task teams likely to be adopted as a model nationwide 10 Years working on parallel grant financed activities by other donors. There are also examples of JSDF to bring immediate benefits to vulnerable of sustainability of certain project activities Achievements groups. In many cases the teams are the by local community associations. Since same or are working on the same broad FY08, on the recommendation of the JSDF poverty program or vision. These combined Program Evaluation team, JSDF proposals or parallel task teams have designed many have been required to have an exit strategy successful JSDF grants which were in turn and a mechanism for ensuring the long-term scaled up into IDA operations or Government sustainability of grant-funded activities. programs. During these ten years, JSDF grants have become the complementary development tool of choice for task teams, enabling them to experiment with approaches that are new and innovative and bring immediate benefits to vulnerable groups that could not be reached by IDA or Government programs. 4.29 A recent study found that the better the grant activities are integrated with the IDA operations, the better and more sustainable the grant outcomes are. This means that the benefits from the grants are scaled up or replicated or that the innovations in programs or policies piloted with the grant have been adopted or made permanent. Another is that because communities participate in the design and 4.31 The benefits of complementarity implementation of the JSDF project, the from the JSDF-IDA partnership are communities become more responsible for maximized when the teams working on their own economic and social development. the JSDF grant and the IDA operation This nicely complements Bank operations either work closely together on a common which support central Government projects vision for poverty alleviation or share team and programs as it gives communities a members to ensure full integration of the voice in how Government policies and grants in IDA and Government programs. programs should be designed to better J A PA N S O C I A L JSDF grants also enable task teams to target the poor. D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 45 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 4 Taking pilot innovative approaches to poverty alleviation and reach vulnerable groups that otherwise may be left out of IDA-supported Government poverty programs. Finally, the The frequency and importance of the JSDF’s program contribution to the growth and evolution of global knowledge should not be underplayed. Stock — fact that JSDF grants allow task teams to JSDF as First Responder — work at the community as well as the central Post-Conflict and 10 Years Disaster Recovery and level improves the targeting and effectiveness of JSDF Reconstruction of poverty alleviation programs. Achievements 4.32 Finally, integration of the JSDF program 4.33 The JSDF program remains dynamic into the core operational activities of the and has supported emerging priorities Bank — whether as an upstream innovation as circumstances change, while remaining engine or parallel complement, has provided true to its founders’ objectives. Post-conflict a great many lessons that have been adopted environments are opportunities where in operations, both IDA and IBRD, and have JSDF can be among the first to engage influenced Bank staff as they pursue the task civil society in reconstruction and reduce human suffering. Many African countries, the Middle East, Eastern European and South Asia countries have benefited from post-conflict reconstruction grants. 4.34 The establishment of the Pakistan Earthquake and Afghanistan Reconstruction emergency windows typify the flexibility of the JSDF program. At the Donor’s Conference at which pledges were made for relief and reconstruction for Pakistan, the Government of Japan announced that its program would focus on disability. The Government exceeded its original pledge by approving four grants totaling US$6.5 million. 4.35 The Pakistan Promoting Independent of making an impact on poverty reducation, Living amongst Persons with Disabilities and share knowledge from region to region. (PWD) grant achieved its objective, despite Similarly, the lessons emerging from JSDF the extremely challenging environment. projects routinely surface in the developing The main development impact was two-fold: body of sectoral knowledge in wide ranging first, the lives of the direct beneficiaries of areas, whether it be community-driven the grant were facilitated; and, second, the development and participatory methodologies, capacity of local PWD advocacy groups to micro-finance, or monitoring and evaluation. promote the interests of disabled persons J A PA N S O C I A L 46 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D ANNUAL REPORT 2010 4.37 Over the past decade, the JSDF has provided support for innovative programs aimed directly at the poorest and most vul- nerable in society. By supporting piloting of Taking 4 new approaches to community engagement, Stock — JSDF projects have brought insights that have 10 Years routinely been scaled up through IDA projects, of JSDF government policy, and the work of our NGO/ Achievements CSO partners. Hundreds of thousands of people across all regions have been provided with new in the community was strengthened. Over opportunities to have their voices heard in a period of three years, the grant reached decisions that affect their lives and to assume some 3,000 disabled persons and influenced greater responsibility for their own destiny. their living conditions. The grant included the refurbishing, equipping and staffing of five 4.38 During the process of reviewing reports centers to provide training in independent and evaluations, it has come as no surprise living, offering peer counseling and training to the team that many of the outcomes of attendants. It is noteworthy that the grant was JSDF projects, reflect not simply material implemented by a local community-based improvements in the lives of the poor, but organization, itself managed by persons with advances in less tangible measures like disabilities and functional limitations. Very dignity, trust, opportunity and the reduction dynamic and active, the NGO was able to of fear and uncertainty. advocate the cause of the disabled persons quite successfully. The benefits of complementarity from Conclusions the JSDF-IDA partnership are maximized 4.36 The JSDF has accomplished much in when the teams working on the JSDF its ten years. It has addressed the needs of the disenfranchised, encouraged the grant and the IDA operation either work participation of beneficiaries, and built the closely together on a common vision capacity of local governments, NGOs and community groups with a view to improving for poverty alleviation or share team the lives of the most vulnerable in society. members to ensure full integration of the The JSDF continues to be in demand to test innovative methods that address these needs. grants in IDA and Government programs. Moreover, the program’s flexibility suggests that it can continue to evolve to match changing circumstances and still remain true to its original vision. J A PA N S O C I A L D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 47 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 Chapter 5 JSDF Program Administration Reporting 5.01 The World Bank, as trustee of the JSDF Program, ensures that all grants financed under the Trust Fund are aligned with the objectives of the program, that expenses incurred are for the purposes of the JSDF projects, and that the program An annual report is being run cost-effectively. An annual report is submitted by the World Bank to Japanese visibility in these recipient countries. is submitted the Government of Japan (GOJ), reporting The participation of Japanese NGOs was a by the on new grants approved and achievements continuation of the process of knowledge World Bank during the year. The GOJ ensures that the sharing with development practitioners, overall objectives of the program are being in particular, to promote learning from the to the achieved, and has access to annual progress various challenges of project design and Government reports of grants under implementation implementation, and from the accumulated of Japan, by grant recipients. The annual reports are rich body of lessons learned. The team met reporting on available on the JSDF website. In addition, the with grant recipients within their communities, Bank provides quarterly unaudited financial addressing in particular, the participatory new grants statements and an annual audited financial implementation of JSDF projects. The team approved and statement to GOJ. Also, every two years, also discussed the importance of Japanese achievements a report on closed JSDF Grants is prepared. visibility with implementing agencies. The report covering grants closing in FY08 Consultation meetings were also held with during the year. and FY09 was completed in FY10, and was Japan Embassy officials and JICA concerning posted on the JSDF website. the need for donor harmonization at the country level. Field Visits 5.03 NGO representatives included the 5.02 In FY10, JSDF management carried out Organization for Industrial, Spiritual and a knowledge dissemination mission to four Cultural Advancement, Save the Children East Asian countries, namely Cambodia, Laos, Japan, the Institute of Environment Rehabili- and Vietnam. However, an implementation tation and Conservation, Shanti Volunteer review was done for these countries, including Association, International Volunteers of Mongolia. The objectives of these visits were: Yamagata, and the BHN Association. The 1) to discuss with the country teams a more NGOs felt that it was a good introduction to strategic use of JSDF funds to help meet JSDF, but that they would benefit from more country and sector strategies; 2) to facilitate time and support to fully understand the the exposure to JSDF projects to Japanese J A PA N S O C I A L complex programs and to apply emerging 48 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D NGOs who joined the visit; and 3) to enhance ANNUAL REPORT 2010 lessons to their work or institutional capacity. The Japanese NGO sector is made up of small organizations and, as a result, officers are not well remunerated and typically women and retiree males make up the complement Further Information on JSDF 5.05 There are several websites which maintain information on the Japan Social JSDF 5 at these organizations. Moreover, they may Development Fund. The main JSDF website Program is on the World Bank’s external main site: Administration not have the experience or in-house expertise necessary to manage JSDF projects. Finally, http://www.worldbank.org/jsdf they indicated that some type of follow up The website of the Tokyo office of the World actions would be needed to keep the momen- Bank also includes information on JSDF: tum, such as meetings in Japan or contacts http://www.worldbank.org/japan/about via the WB offices. Inquiries from Outside Parties 5.04 In the course of program administration, the JSDF team often received inquiries from outside parties interested in applying for JSDF grants and who would like to learn more about the program. The JSDF team monitors the number of such inquiries received as well as noting the names of organizations submitting the inquiries. The JSDF team refers these organizations to World Bank country offices and encour- ages them to identify World Bank projects that might be associated with a possible JSDF grant. The organizations are advised to discuss their grant proposals with the TTL for the Bank project to determine if the proposed activities fall within the Country Partnership Strategy. In FY10, the JSDF team responded to 36 inquiries received. With the improved external website now providing information about grant eligibility, it is expected that fewer speculative queries may be received going forward. J A PA N S O C I A L D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 49 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 JSDF Regular Program: Project and Capacity Building Grants Approved in FY10 Annex 1 Grant Country Grant Title Amount (US$)2 Grant Development Objective ROUND 24 Central African Piloting $1,898,044 This grant aims to act as a first step toward the Republic [P]2 Innovations medium-term stabilization of marginalized and for Conflict- conflict affected areas in northern Central African Sensitive Republic, boost early recovery and facilitate the Community transition from emergency to development assistance Recovery by providing the tools and financial means necessary for targeted communities to undertake collaborative local development initiatives. Kyrgyz [C] Building Demand- $1,756,250 The objective of the pilot project is to strengthen side Capacity for local governance in Kyrgyz Republic by enhancing Effective Local participatory decision-making and accountability Governance with respect to local government planning and budgeting, service delivery, and investments. Peru [C] Participatory $1,959,660 The objective of the project is to improve the Intervention model nutritional and development status of children to improve child under five by a participatory intervention to raise nutrition awareness, improve local management skills and promote behavioral changes of household, community and district actors in very poor districts in the highland and jungle (Selva) regions of Peru. ROUND 25 Tajikistan [P] Community $850,000 The grant’s objectives are to provide a mechanism, Development skills and support to Tajik rural poor women to of Improved improve their welfare and food security situation. Access to To achieve the objectives, the grant will support Quality Seed institution building of community seed funds (CSFs) Program for the benefit of and to be run by poor women located in 7 pilot rayons of the Khatlon Region. The creation of the CSFs will be implemented by local NGOs with experience in the region, who will be trained in the creation of CSFs. The NGOs will assist the CSFs to organize an operational network and provide them with training and inputs. Guatemala [P] Culture and $2,000,000 The grant objective is to enable disadvantaged Sustainable youth in the Mayan Communities of the Central Community Highlands (Altiplano) of Guatemala, located in Based Tourism — tourism destinations, to become more competitive The Mayan and to receive the benefits of tourism, while Sacred Route promoting sustainability ROUND 26 Egypt (P) Job Readiness & $3,000,000 The grant aims to minimize risks of chronic or unsafe Job Placement unemployment among marginalized youth, i.e. child among laborers missing school or released from worst forms Marginalized of labor, through facilitating their access to pertinent Youth opportunities for job readiness and job placement as a package. The development objective ties into the active policy of the Government of Egypt on improving skill base, employability and employment opportunities among marginalized youth while promoting inclusion, equity, and reducing disparities J A PA N S O C I A L in upper and lower Egypt. D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 51 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 A1 Grant Country Grant Title Amount (US$)2 Grant Development Objective ROUND 26 Egypt [C] Piloting $2,991,175 The grant’s objective is to enhance the institutional Community capacity and accountability mechanisms between Management and local authorities and beneficiary communities for JSDF Accountability better service delivery in the rural sanitation sector. Regular Systems in This will be achieved through piloting innovative Rural Sanitation mechanisms for community participation in planning, Program: Service Delivery implementation, management and monitoring of small Project and scale sanitation systems in rural Egypt. This grant aims to put a much stronger emphasis on community Capacity empowerment and voice, particularly of the small and Building hamlet villages in the Delta, characterized with high poverty incidence and poor environmental conditions. Grants ROUND 27 Approved Syria (P) Improving $2,403,240 The objective of the grant is to improve the Employability employability of marginalized youth, defined as in FY10 of Marginalized youth aged 17-20 years with less than a 9th grade Youth through education who have been out of work for more than Local Partnerships, 2 years. The grant will rely on strong private sector Enhanced participation, building partnerships across providers Organizational and developing the organization capacities of local Capacities institutions and NGOs to provide targeted technical training and work skills in two pilot governorates. Yemen (P) Healthy Mother $3,000,000 The Development Objective is to provide access Project and quality maternal health care to poor women in targeted districts in rural Sana’a Governorate. This is a four-year community-based pilot project Burkina Faso Strengthening $2,833,300 The objectives of the JSDF grant are: (i) to support [C] Community Burkina Faso’s commitment to ending female Participation in genital mutilation/cutting by providing poorest the Fight against and most vulnerable members of communities and Female Genital front line health workers with the necessary tools to Cutting (FGM/C) efficiently prevent new cuttings and to effectively deal with old ones; and (ii) to demonstrate the benefits and sustainability of integrating education, health, and social protection into one basic social services delivery program that will contribute to the improvement of poor and vulnerable women’s health in rural communities. Nigeria [C] Access to Justice $2,659,655 The development objective is to enhance access for the Poor to legal aid services by the poor and vulnerable in Kaduna State to enable them to effectively enforce their socio-economic rights and resolve civil matters disputes. El-Salvador [P] Addressing Youth $1,011,594 The main objective of the grant is to develop Violence through an innovative approach for crime prevention and Cultural and Music youth social integration by using participative Learning cultural and musical learning and networking activities in marginal areas in El Salvador. Jamaica [C] Community-Based $2,500,000 The development objective of the proposed grant is Landslide Risk to reduce the risk to natural disasters in vulnerable Reduction communities in Jamaica and to provide an evidence- J A PA N S O C I A L based toolkit for vulnerability reduction throughout 52 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D the Caribbean. ANNUAL REPORT 2010 A1 Grant Country Grant Title Amount (US$)2 Grant Development Objective ROUND 28 Burkina Faso Community $2,715,316 The specific objectives of this grant are a) to build [C] Monitoring for community capacity to actively engage in local Better Health and service delivery outcomes; b) to strengthen JSDF Education Service transparency and social accountability mechanisms Delivery in health and education programs; c) to increase Regular communication and collaboration among different stakeholders involved in providing health and Program: education services; and d) to help improve delivery Project and of services at the decentralized level. Capacity Benin [P] Support to $1,476,527 The development objective of the Grant is to Apicultural increase the rural poor’s revenues, particularly the Building Promotion Project women, through the promotion of apiculture in Grants 42 villages in the Alibori, Borgou and Hills regions in the Northern Benin. Approved Nigeria [P] Community $1,641,036 The proposed grant seeks to support the National in FY10 Health Systems Malaria Control Program; specifically, the State Strengthening for Ministries of Health in Akwa Ibom and Anambra Malaria Control states in i) reducing malaria-related morbidity in Anambra and (57.5 million cases annually in Nigeria) and mortality Akwa Ibom (225 thousand deaths annually), and ii) reducing the consequent social and economic costs (over 10% of GDP). Sierra Leone [P] Artisanal Mining $2,887,590 The development objectives of this project are Community to pilot community-driven capacity building, Development empowerment, and participatory decision-making and Sustainable in artisanal and small scale mining communities, Livelihoods enhance social accountability and promote closer cooperation on environmental and social challenges and increase the participation, and enhance the overall sustainable livelihoods of women and other vulnerable groups in artisanal communities. Tanzania [P] Rural Food $2,699,855 The development objective of this grant is to Fortification demonstrate workable and sustainable approaches for addressing micro-nutrient deficiencies in rural Tanzania, thereby providing models for the future roll out of life-saving food fortification interventions to those areas of Tanzania not reached by the national food fortification program. Kyrgyz Community-Driven $1,583,920 The overall development objective is to develop Republic [P] Skills Development skills and facilitate employment and income and Income generation of young women and men, ages 14-30, Generation for in poor rural communities of Kyrgyzstan by Rural Youth making use of local expertise, assets, and markets. The grant activities will try to pilot an approach that establishes a link between developing relevant skills for rural youth in agricultural communities and facilitating transition of young people into (self-) employment and income generation, by increasing: i) access to relevant knowledge and marketable skills for rural youth; and ii) increasing access to employment and self-employment opportunities through a competitive youth-friendly micro-finance J A PA N S O C I A L scheme and mentoring. D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 53 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 A1 Grant Country Grant Title Amount (US$)2 Grant Development Objective ROUND 28 Yemen [P] Biogas Digesters: $2,606,120 The objective is to improve energy access by An integrated the rural poor communities and increase their Solution for incomes, particularly women and youth in Yemen, JSDF Poverty Alleviation through piloting the use of rural biogas as an Regular and Climate integral part of sustainable development to Change Mitigation meet the challenges of poverty, food and energy Program: production, while contributing to the mitigation Project and of climate change impacts. Capacity Yemen [P] Industrial Stones $2,550,000 To provide capacity building to local community Community organizations so that they can support the Building Project development of stone quarrying and processing Grants in an economically, environmentally and socially sustainable way by addressing environmentally Approved hazardous work methods and improving social responsibility of mining projects to promote equity. in FY10 Bangladesh, Engaging the $3,000,000 The key objective of the proposed Grant is to India, and Poor for Good enhance the development impact, sustainability Nepal [P] Governance and client ownership of pro-poor projects in and Fighting Bangladesh, India and Nepal financed by the Corruption in World Bank, by promoting civil society organization South Asia engagement, experience and capacity to demand better governance. Sri Lanka [C] Community- $2,970,000 The JSDF grant would support piloting of sustainable Responsive institutional arrangements for accountable and Service Delivery responsive local service delivery, with special focus Arrangements in on the needs of the poor in the conflict-affected Northern Province areas of the Northern Province of Sri Lanka. ROUND 29 Brazil [P] Solid Waste $2,999,900 The development objective of the grant is to support Picker Social the social and economic inclusion of informal Inclusion Initiative recyclers (“waste pickers”) in Brazil, through a programmatic and sustainable strategy. Lao, PDR [P] Mobilizing Ethnic $2,859,500 The objective of the proposed grant would be Communities to pilot an innovative livelihood focused CDD for Improved program in five poverty reduction priority districts Livelihoods & within two provinces (Huaphan in the North and Wellbeing Savannaketh in the South) enabling 28,800 households in ethnic communities in rural areas in Lao PDR to improve their livelihoods and wellbeing through group-based activities. TOTAL $58,852,682 1 Amount includes both recipient grant and incremental Bank costs 2 “P” means Project Grant; “C” means Capacity Building Grant NOTE: Regular program excludes grants for the Afghanistan Special Program shown separately. J A PA N S O C I A L 54 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D ANNUAL REPORT 2010 Regional Distribution of JSDF Regular Program Grants ( FY01-FY10 ) Annex 2 Fiscal Number Grant Region Year of Grants Amount (US$) Africa FY01 3 $ 2,225,780 FY02 3 2,634,949 FY03 1 649,450 FY04 5 6,668,582 FY05 8 10,330,121 FY06 3 4,087,593 FY07 6 7,704,774 FY08 2 2,011,710 FY09 6 11,884,526 FY10 8 18,811,323 SUBTOTAL 45 $ 67,008,808 East Asia and the Pacific FY01 17 $ 19,483,034 FY02 6 5,573,889 FY03 6 10,146,014 FY04 9 12,218,002 FY05 10 17,265,779 FY06 3 3,033,992 FY07 4 6,008,407 FY08 5 5,784,555 FY09 4 6,591,608 FY10 1 2,859,500 SUBTOTAL 65 $ 88,964,780 Europe and Central Asia FY01 5 $ 3,036,500 FY02 5 7,037,175 FY03 4 5,430,500 FY04 0 0 FY05 5 7,405,084 FY06 2 3,834,285 FY07 4 5,906,618 FY08 2 3,948,506 FY09 3 4,585,460 FY10 3 4,190,170 SUBTOTAL 33 $ 45,374,298 Latin America and the Caribbean FY01 3 $ 4,270,075 FY02 2 2,538,500 FY03 2 2,409,300 FY04 3 4,063,500 FY05 6 5,333,345 FY06 2 2,900,000 FY07 4 4,647,400 FY08 3 5,186,571 FY09 7 12,685,107 FY10 5 10,471,154 J A PA N S O C I A L SUBTOTAL 37 $ 54,504,952 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 55 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 A2 Fiscal Number Grant Region Year of Grants Amount (US$) Middle East and North Africa FY01 0 $ 0 FY02 3 1,569,295 FY03 0 0 FY04 1 1,952,487 Regional FY05 1 1,128,200 Distribution FY06 0 0 of JSDF FY07 0 0 FY08 0 0 Regular FY09 4 9,051,960 Program FY10 6 16,550,535 Grants SUBTOTAL 15 $ 30,252,477 ( FY01-FY10 ) South Asia FY01 3 $ 3,686,923 FY02 4 2,951,900 FY03 5 4,023,106 FY04 6 6,758,255 FY05 0 0 FY06 1 1,370,539 FY07 2 2,735,013 FY08 1 1,334,750 FY09 2 3,977,517 FY10 2 5,970,000 SUBTOTAL 26 $ 32,808,003 TOTAL REGULAR PROGRAM GRANTS FY01 31 $ 32,702,312 BY FISCAL YEAR FY02 23 22,305,708 FY03 18 22,658,370 FY04 24 31,660,826 FY05 30 41,462,529 FY06 11 15,226,409 FY07 20 27,002,212 FY08 13 18,266,092 FY09 26 48,776,178 FY10 25 58,852,682 TOTAL CUMULATIVE REGULAR PROGRAM GRANTS 221 $ 318,913,318 J A PA N S O C I A L 56 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D ANNUAL REPORT 2010 JSDF Seed Grants Approved in FY10 Annex 3 Grant Approval Country Title of Grant Proposal Amount (US$) Date Nigeria Agriculture and Rural Information, $ 49,700 8/6/09 Knowledge and Business Services Jordan Community-Driven Legal Empowerment 49,940 8/4/08 of the Poor Lao, PDR Lao PDR: Improving Community 45,000 9/1/09 Livelihoods and Wellbeing (Seed Fund) Philippines JSDF Philippines Waste Picker 50,000 12/17/2009 Social Inclusion El-Salvador JSDF- Community-based Land 48,830 7/16/2009 Regularization for Poor Households Papua Consultations in support of 49,490 12/24/2009 New Guinea Strengthening Local Justice Systems for Community Driven Development Bhutan Building Climate Change & Disaster 49,795 4/5/2010 Resilent Communities in Bhutan Haiti Consultation for a Household 47,580 6/20/10 Development Agent pilot in Haiti Jordan Jordan Integrated Social Services 50,000 5/3/10 Morocco Support to Small-Scale Artisanal 50,000 5/19/10 Fishermen in Morocco TOTAL FY10 SEED GRANTS $ 490,335 J A PA N S O C I A L D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 57 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 Annex 4 Other JSDF Project Grants Approved in FY10 Grant Approval Country Grant Name and Objective Amount (US$) Date AFGHANISTAN SPECIAL PROGRAM Afghanistan Support to Basic Health Services Package. $ 17,650,000 12/11/2009 The objective of the grant is to improve the health status of the Afghan population, with a greater focus on women and children and under-served areas of the country, by increasing accessibility to and quality of the Basic Health Services (BHS) package for Balkh, Samangan and Kabul provinces. SUPPLEMENTAL GRANTS Egypt Early School Dropout and Child Labor Prevention. $ 100,000 5/7/2010 The objective of the grant is to consolidate the results of JSDF Child Labor Project and mainstream the policy recommendations across relevant sectors to form a basis for addressing the child labor phenomenon nationwide through full participation of the relevant line ministries and civil society. TOTAL OTHER GRANTS $ 17,750,000 J A PA N S O C I A L 58 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D ANNUAL REPORT 2010 JSDF Emergency Grants Approved in FY10 Annex 5 Grant Country Grant Title Amount (US$)2 Grant Development Objective EMERGENCY WINDOW — Responding to the Food, Fuel and Financial Crises Comoros Emergency Food $2,600,000 To increase access to short-term employment in Security and food-insecure areas. Vulnerable households living Unemployment in food-insecure communities and who are not Support Through targeted by the Services Support Project, would Cash for Work be employed in cash-for-work sub-projects to raise their disposable income and thus improve their food consumption. The employment would be on sub-projects that would include street cleaning, basic road maintenance, activities to prevent soil erosion, collection of garbage, among others. Sierra Rapid Response $2,984,318 To: (i) reduce hunger and deprivation in two of Leone Growth Poles: the poorest districts directly affected by the global Community-based economic crisis and recent drought and flooding Livelihoods and in the Seli River area by distributing food packages Food Support to at least 6000 people; and (ii) restore livelihoods, Program sustain services, and enhance local capacities through rapid response growth poles activities. Poor households selected on the basis of poverty criteria will be able to work for food or cash on district level sub-projects including farm to market trails, hybrid energy for schools and health centers and boat-landing points. Farmer groups, agribusiness units and fishing cooperatives will receive grants to improve their livelihood. Groups of youth, women and the disabled will work on reforestation, soil conservation, household energy and lighting to support disabled people. Tajikistan Pilot Nutrition $2,980,000 To address high malnutrition rates among infants Investments in and young children in Tajikistan, which, if not tackled Severely Foof immediately, makes these children vulnerable to Insecure Districts illness and permanent developmental problems. of Khation Province The financial crisis led to a 35 percent decline in workers’ remittances, as migrant workers from Tajikistan lost construction jobs in Russia. As a result, a significant proportion of families have experienced persistent food insecurity over the last two years. Haiti Emergency $3,000,000 To mitigate the impact that the economic Community Cash crisis, aggravated by the hardship of the recent for Work Program earthquake, has had on vulnerable Haitian families by creating opportunities for the poor and vulnerable to earn an income to meet their basic and urgent needs, while rehabilitating basic infrastructure and services in the community. This would be achieved by: (i) implementing community selected and organized cash for work programs to remove rubble, clean street, clear drains, collect waste and restore water supplies; and (ii) undertaking awareness campaigns to train participants in appropriate construction methods, promote hygiene to displaced persons and build capacity among civil society and local authorities for J A PA N S O C I A L effective public works programs. D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 59 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 A5 Grant Country Grant Title Amount (US$)2 Grant Development Objective EMERGENCY WINDOW — Responding to the Food, Fuel and Financial Crises Jamaica Conditional $2,636,720 To protect the elderly poor and persons with Cash Transfer disabilities against economic hardship caused JSDF Program by the global crisis by improving access to cash transfers through the Program of Advancement Emergency through Health and Education (PATH). Poor elderly Grants and persons with disabilities have been found to be particularly vulnerable among poor families. Approved However, the majority do not receive benefits from in FY10 PATH since they have not been identified or included for the PATH cash transfers. The proposed project would provide immediate cash transfer to poor elderly and disabled persons, help them to enroll in the PATH program and receive regular PATH benefits after two years. It would also support household level surveys, training of social workers, community workshops, and data entry to identify and enroll needy elderly and disabled in PATH. Nicaragua Food Emergency $3,000,000 To provide resources to Nicaragua National School Support Program Feeding Program to prolong the provision of school for School Children lunches in pre- and primary schools and mitigate the negative nutritional impact of the economic crisis and of the increases in food prices on pre- and primary school children. The proposed project would fill the financing gap in the provision of school lunches in 67 most vulnerable municipalities for an estimated 346,300 school children. The rations would be adapted to include local products provided by parents/communities. NicaSalud, a federation of NGOs with a nationwide network would ensure that beneficiary schools receive the rations and prepare the meals, as well as, keep records and supervise and monitor implementation. Djibouti Crisis Response: $4,000,000 To support an innovative safety net that would Employment provide: short-term job opportunities for the and Human poorest; improved nutrition practices for the poorest Capital Social families; and, access to schooling for school-aged Safety Net children from the poorest households. The members of the poorest families most impacted by the crisis would be employed in a workfare safety net program that would improve neighborhoods and community basic infrastructure and services. Vulnerable non- working members of these households (children and pregnant/lactating women) would receive social assistance comprising nutrition interventions for pre-school children and pregnant women including nutritional supplements and referral to rehabilitation centers, as well as, training in child care practices, hygiene, food conservation and water treatment. A quantitative and qualitative monitoring and evaluation system would provide guidance for J A PA N S O C I A L 60 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D scaling-up of the project. ANNUAL REPORT 2010 A5 Grant Country Grant Title Amount (US$)2 Grant Development Objective EMERGENCY WINDOW — Responding to the Food, Fuel and Financial Crises Mongolia Community-Led $2,977,200 To assist the most vulnerable among the urban Infrastructure poor in ger areas of Ulaanbaatar where the majority Development for of low-income households live with very limited JSDF the Urban Poor of basic services meet their urgent income and food Ulaanbaatar needs through community-led infrastructure Emergency development activities. Urban poor would be able Grants to earn additional income to compensate for high food costs and high unemployment through work on Approved community infrastructure (roads, bridges, bus stops, in FY10 lights, etc.), sanitation (solid waste and latrines), and recreation/ information/training facilities. They would also develop useful vocational skills. Philippines Improving $3,270,000 To improve employment and livelihood opportunities Livelihood in targeted urban communities affected by the Opportunities for financial crisis. Using a participatory approach, Vulnerable Urban targeted urban poor are enabled to define Communities employment and livelihood-related interventions that are best suited to help them cope with the financial economic crisis. The grant will finance: (a) mobilization of urban poor communities to undertake small-scale labor-intensive public works and in the process create immediate employment opportunities through the department of Social Welfare and Development’s cash-for-work scheme; and, (b) provision of capacity building for urban poor to enhance access to business development services that will be provided in partnership with intermediary NGOs. Sri Lanka Local Level $2,946,660 To reduce the compounded effects of the global Nutrition food and financial crises on the displaced population Interventions in the Northern Province of Sri Lanka, by reducing for the Northern malnutrition rates among pregnant and lactating Provinces women and children below five years of age. This would be achieved by giving food rations to returning displaced people and their host families for an initial period of six months while they bring the fields back into food production. When locally produced food and other livelihood activities have resumed, the focus will change to optimizing nutrition behavior related to feeding and caring for under-five children and pregnant and lactating women. Trained local volunteers will work with women groups and associations for nutrition counseling and social services to households. TOTAL $30,394,898 J A PA N S O C I A L D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 61 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 Annex 6 List of Implementing Agencies for JSDF Grants Approved in FY10 NGOs/CSOs/Joint Implementation Bangladesh, India and Nepal: Partnership for Kyrgyz Republic: Community Development and Transparency Fund. Engaging the Poor for Good Investment Agency (ARIS). Community-Driven Skills Governance and Fighting Corruption in South Asia. Development and Income Generation for Rural Youth. Benin: Agency for Financing Primary Initiatives Nicaragua: NicaSalud, NGO Federation. Food [Agence de Financement des Initiatives de Base Emergency Support Program for School Children. (AGEFIB)]. Support to Apicultural Promotion Project. Peru: Fondo de las Americas del Peru. Participatory Burkina Faso: Institute for Science and Population Intervention model to improve child nutrition. [Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Population (ISSP)]. Community Monitoring for Better Health Syria: The Syria Trust for Development. and Education Service Delivery. Improving Employability of Marginalized Youth through Local Partnerships, and Enhanced Central African Republic: NGO Selection Organizational Capacities. Ongoing. Piloting Innovations for Conflict-Sensitive Community Recovery. Yemen: SOUL for Development. Healthy Mother Project. Comoros: Fund for Community Support and Development. Emergency Food Security and Yemen: Yemen Geological Survey and Unemployment Support Through Cash for Work. Mineral Resources Board. Industrial Stones Community Project. Egypt: Holding Company for Water and Wastewater. Piloting Community Management Burkina Faso: Moral, Physical and Intellectual and Accountability Systems in Rural Sanitation Child Development [Appui Morale, Matériel et Service Delivery. Intellectuel à l’Enfant (AMMIE)]. Strengthening Community Participation in the Fight against El Salvador: Asociación ProArte de El Salvador. Female Genital Cutting (FGM/C). Addressing Youth Violence through Cultural and Music Learning. Haiti: Office of Aid Development Program Financing in collaboration with CBOs/NGOs. Guatemala: Pro-Petén Foundation. Culture Emergency Cash For Work Project. and Sustainable Community Based Tourism — The Mayan Sacred Route. Tanzania: Tanzania Food and Nutrition Center. Rural Food Fortification. Kyrgyz Republic: Community Development and Investment Agency (ARIS). Building Demand-side Capacity for Effective Local Governance. J A PA N S O C I A L 62 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D ANNUAL REPORT 2010 Government Brazil: Caixa Economica Federal (CAIXA). Solid Waste Picker Social Inclusion Initiative. Djibouti: Social Development Agency of Djibouti. Philippines: Department of Social Welfare and Development. Improving Livelihood Opportunities for Vulnerable Urban Communities. A6 Crisis Response: Employment and Human Capital Sierra Leone: GoBifo Project, Decentralization Social Safety Net. Secretariat, Ministry of Local Government. List of Artisanal Mining Community Development and Implementing Egypt: National Council for Childhood and Sustainable Livelihoods. Motherhood, Ministry of Family and Population. Agencies Job Readiness & Job Placement Among Sierra Leone: Ministry of Energy and Water Marginalized Youth. Resources, Project Implementation Unit. Rapid for JSDF Response Growth Poles: Community-based Grants Jamaica: Ministry of Labor and Social Security. Livelihood and Food Support Program. Conditional Cash Transfer Program. Approved Sri Lanka: Ministry of Nation Building and Estate Jamaica: Office of Disaster Preparedness Infrastructure Development. Community-Responsive in FY10 and Emergency Management (ODPEM). Service Delivery Arrangements in Northern Province. Community-Based Landslide Risk Reduction. Tajikistan: Center for Managing Projects Lao PDR: Poverty Reduction Fund. Mobilizing on Cotton Farms Debt Resolution and Sustainable Ethnic Communities for Improved Livelihoods Cotton Sector Development. Community and Wellbeing. Development of Improved Access to Quality Seed Program. Mongolia: Municipality of Ulaanbaatar, Urban Service Improvement, Project Implementation Sri Lanka: The Northern Provincial Council/ Unit. Community Led Infrastructure Development for Ministry of Health and Indigenous Medicine. the Urban Poor of Ulaanbaatar. Local Level Nutrition Interventions for the Northern Province. Nigeria: State Ministries of Health of Anambra and Akwa Ibom States, Nigeria. Community Tajikistan: Ministry of Health, Community and Health Systems Strengthening for Malaria Control Basic Health Project Implementation Unit. Pilot in Anambra and Akwa Ibom. Nutrition Investments in Severely Food Insecure Districts of Khation Province. Nigeria: Legal Aid Council of Nigeria (LACoN). Access to Justice by the Poor. Yemen: Social Fund for Development. Biogas Digesters: An integrated Solution for Poverty Alleviation and Climate Change Mitigation. J A PA N S O C I A L D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 63 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 Annex 7 JSDF FY10 Annual Policy Guidelines and Program Allocation 1. Objective and other civil society groups to facilitate their involvement in operations financed by To provide grants in support of community- the World Bank. Approximately 50 percent driven development and poverty reduction of total JSDF funds should go to eligible programs that serve to enhance productivity, countries in East, South and Central Asia. increase access to social and community services and infrastructure, and improve 3. Special Allocation the living conditions of poor and vulnerable for Africa groups in eligible client countries of the Three special allocations for Africa were World Bank Group.1 Grants approved under introduced from FY09. These windows are the program are subject to the criteria set for agricultural development, participatory forth in these Guidelines. school management and enhancement of 2. Focus health management and health services. Grants under these allocations are subject JSDF Grants are designed to pilot test to the same guidelines (below) as apply to and complement Bank-financed operations other JSDF Grants.2 and programs compatible with the develop- ment objectives of the relevant CAS, PRSP 4. Emergency Window or poverty reduction elements of Sector This window is being introduced in FY10 Strategies. The Grants are intended to focus to provide assistance to vulnerable groups on activities which: adversely impacted by the Financial Crisis.3 (i) respond directly to the needs of the While supporting innovative and pioneering poorest and most vulnerable groups; projects, the new emergency JSDF is (ii) encourage the testing of innovative meth- designed to enhance its responsiveness to the ods that are new or alternative approaches crises, by introducing a streamlined procedure at the project, country, or regional level, or for project approvals and focusing on the that facilitate new partnerships or assist new scaling-up of projects adopting innovative target groups; approaches with demonstrated successful (iii) support initiatives that lead to developing development impact. Under the framework sustainable outcomes through the adoption or of the WBG’s Vulnerability Financing Facility, scaling-up of the pilot project through Bank- the emergency JSDF closely collaborates with financed operations, recipient government various initiatives including the Rapid Social activities, or other activities; or Response Program and the Global Food (iv) build ownership, capacity, empowerment Crisis Response Program. Guidelines for this and participation of local communities, emergency window are attached as Annex A. nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) J A PA N S O C I A L 64 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D ANNUAL REPORT 2010 5. Grant Types and Country Eligibility There are two types of JSDF Grants: (i) Project Grants finance: (a) activities 7. Funding Proposal Grants are approved by the Government of Japan (GoJ) on the basis of a standard one- page Funding Proposal. The Proposal contains JSDF FY10 A7 directly providing relief measures, supporting basic data, overall development objectives Annual Policy the improvement of services and facilities of the grant and expenditure categories. In Guidelines for poorer population groups, or reinforcing/ addition to the one-page Funding Proposal, and Program reinvigorating social safety nets, or (b) the complete application form includes Allocation innovation and testing of new approaches, supplementary information comprising a particularly in the social sectors. detailed description of the activities to be funded, a general plan for implementation, (ii) Capacity Building Grants finance capacity outputs and outcomes expected, and a building and improvement measures, e.g., to detailed budget. This will also include any bolster local communities and NGOs through risks (for example political, environmental, learning by doing, to expand the capabilities problems with the implementing agency, or coverage of social fund-type institutions, civil war or post-conflict situation) that may or to support local governments working with affect implementation of the grant. local communities. All low-income and lower middle income 8. Review of Proposals countries as defined in the 2009 World The concerned managing unit in the Bank Development Report are eligible for both must sponsor the activity and designate a Project Grants and Capacity Building Grants.4 Task Team Leader (TTL). TTLs must indicate The special allocations for Africa apply to all the arrangements (including financial countries on the African continent that are provision) for JSDF project supervision. eligible for JSDF grants. Requests must be in line with the CAS 6. Amount objectives, as confirmed by the Country Director and the sector approach, confirmed JSDF Grants can range from US$200,000 by the Sector Manager, and are submitted to to US$3 million. Under exceptional circum- the JSDF Steering Committee through the stances and after prior clearance by CFP, a Japan Trust Funds Administration Unit after grant proposal of up to US$4 million may review by the Operational Vice Presidencies. be submitted for consideration. Proposals To the extent possible, proposals should exceeding US$3 million would be subject promote collaboration with local and to higher scrutiny by the JSDF Steering international NGOs, in particular Japanese Committee; the latter may request technical NGOs and civil society organizations. reviewers to verify the validity and viability of proposed activities and that their costing follows a disciplined process. J A PA N S O C I A L D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 65 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 A7 JSDF FY10 9. Program Administration Costs In order to cover the costs of FY10 JSDF Program Administration and Technical 12. Grant Execution Arrangements Grants must be recipient-executed. Recipients of JSDF Grants may be governments (central Annual Policy Reviews, CFP may establish a Bank Executed or local), international or local NGOs, or other Guidelines Trust Fund to cover costs up to a limit to be local community groups which the Task Team agreed in an exchange of correspondence Leader has determined are financially sound, and Program with MOF. All expenditures necessary for have a strong track record, and employ satis- Allocation Program Management and for Technical factory arrangements for use and accounting Reviews are eligible. of grant funds. In case the recipient or the implementing agency is an NGO or a local 10. Eligible Expenditures community group, it is required that the These include goods, small civil works, central or local government gives its agree- services (including necessary provision for ment to the arrangement. UN agencies may NGO overheads), training and workshops, not be recipients of JSDF grants.6 In any case, with all expenditures eligible for 100% the total term of the grant should not exceed financing under JSDF. Requests may also four years after signature of the grant agree- include the cost of the grant audits. If ment. Any exceptions would need to be fully properly justified, incremental costs of up justified and would require CFP’s clearance. to 9 percent of the total grant amount may The TTL of the Grant will carry out the Bank’s be requested to cover incremental costs for fiduciary responsibilities for grant supervision, operations of unusual complexity, innovation in accordance with Bank standards and use of or community participation which require Procurement Guidelines. Bank staff or consultant resources beyond 13. Progress Reporting those that can be financed by the regular administration budget. For the purposes of monitoring the develop- ment outcomes, the grant agreement, based 11. Ineligible Expenditures on the grant application, will be the binding The following cannot be financed under JSDF: document. The Task Team Leader will be responsible for preparing annual Grant Status (i) pilot activities with no linkages to Bank- Reports, rating the status of grant implemen- financed operations, tation, and documenting the completion of (ii) academic research, deliverables and outputs. For grants over (iii) government staff salaries, US$1 million, an Implementation Completion (iv) foreign training or study tours, or Memorandum (ICM) will be prepared at (v) purchases of motor vehicles. 5 completion documenting actual cumulative inputs, outputs and outcomes through the grant implementation period, and the results will be shared with the donor. For grants un- der US$1 million, the final Grant Status Report J A PA N S O C I A L will include additional information regarding 66 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D ANNUAL REPORT 2010 grant activity outcomes. In all cases, TTLs are encouraged to share grant activity outcomes with stakeholders. 14. Reallocation of 17. Consultation with Local Japanese Officials In order to ensure harmonization and coordination, Bank task teams are required JSDF FY10 A7 Funds by Expenditure to consult with the Embassy of Japan Annual Policy (Disbursement) accredited to the recipient country about the Guidelines Category or Activities JSDF grant application before submission of and Program the proposal to Concessional Finance and Reallocations among expenditure categories Allocation Global Partnerships (CFP) for review. Such or grant activities, including dropping or consultation and information sharing by task adding new eligible categories or grant teams will help expedite the decisionmaking activities, may be cleared by the Sector process. In addition, Bank task teams are Manager/Director. Advice may be sought from encouraged to share the information about Legal and CFP. The Legal Department should progress and outcomes of JSDF projects with be consulted if any amendments are required, the Embassy of Japan and other Japanese aid to be approved by the Country Director. agencies in the field. 15. Change in 18. Japanese Visibility Grant Objectives Bank task teams are asked to help promote For significant changes in the Grant Develop- the visibility and local awareness of JSDF ment Objectives a request must be sent to in recipient countries through the following CFP which will determine if GoJ approval is types of activities: required. GoJ will approve/reject the request (a) Publications, training programs, seminars within four weeks of its receipt from CFP. and workshops financed by JSDF grants Subsequent grant amendment letters are should clearly indicate that the activities in cleared with the Legal Department in accor- question have received funding from the dance with Bank procedures. Government of Japan; 16. Grant Cancellation Policy (b) The logo (usually the Japanese national flag) should be used in publications financed The balance of grants is subject to cancella- by the JSDF program, and in banners and any tion under the following circumstances: (i) the other materials used in seminars and training grant agreement has not been signed within 6 programs financed by JSDF grants; months of the formal grant approval date, (ii) (c) All press releases issued by the Bank there has been no implementation progress, with respect to JSDF grants should refer including zero disbursements, for six months to the financial contribution from the after signature of the grant agreement, or (iii) Government of Japan; there is lack of progress as determined by CFP. CFP may clear exceptions on the basis of a satisfactory explanation. J A PA N S O C I A L D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 67 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 A7 JSDF FY10 (d) Recipients should be encouraged to ensure that JSDF-financed activities are well covered by local print and electronic media, and that all related publicity materials, official notices, reports and publications explicitly 20. Allocation The total allocation for FY10 is $100m, including $20m for the special Allocation for Africa. The balance of $80m is tentatively Annual Policy acknowledge Japan as the source of funding $40m for JSDF Regular Program grants and Guidelines $40m for the JSDF Emergency Window, but received; after the first round of proposals this balance and Program (e) Grant signing ceremonies in the field may be adjusted in the light of demand. Allocation should be encouraged, with the Recipients being encouraged to include Japanese 21. Schedule embassy officials and to invite local and The JSDF Steering Committee submits international press to these ceremonies. proposals to GoJ twice a year. GoJ will In addition, CFP may promote visibility of confirm its decisions on proposals within four JSDF by: (i) informing Country Directors of weeks from submission where GoJ is satisfied the importance of signing ceremonies to with the contents of the application. In case Japanese officials and the public to ensure GoJ requires clarifications the final decision recognition and support for JSDF funding; on the proposal may take longer. and (ii) continuing widespread distribution of 1 Includes the International Bank for Reconstruction the JSDF Annual Report, inclusion of JSDF and Development, the International Development information in relevant Bank documents, and Association and the International Finance Corpo- occasional information sessions for Japanese ration, all referred to hereafter as the Bank. 2 Allocations for these three windows over a 5 year organizations. A Guidance Note providing period are $20 million for agricultural development, samples of other ways to improve visibility is $10 million for participatory school management attached as Annex B. and $20 million for health management and health services. 3 Allocation for this window is US $200 million. 19. Maintenance The grants must be approved in the Bank’s of Documentation financial years FY10 to FY12, and the maximum size for a single grant is $8 million. For grant Operational departments will keep copies proposals over US$3 million, a two-page Concept of documentation related to JSDF grants, in Note is required for submission and approval by the Japan Ministry of Finance, before consider- accordance with the Bank’s Administrative ation of a full proposal. and document retention policies, among 4 Where a seed fund grant has been approved, others, Terms of Reference and consultant country eligibility for a follow-on grant will be based on eligibility when the seed fund grant contracts, reports and other outputs prepared was approved. by consultants, and status reports. 5 Exceptions on the purchases of motor vehicles may be warranted subject to justification provided in the proposal. 6 UN agencies may participate in JSDF grant activities as consultants provided that the selection is in accordance with Bank Guidelines. J A PA N S O C I A L 68 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D ANNUAL REPORT 2010 JSDF Emergency Window Guidelines for JSDF Grants from the Special Window Background Annex 7 The rapid succession of food, fuel and approvals and focusing on the scaling-up financial crises threatens current and future of projects adopting innovative approaches gains in human development. The World Bank with demonstrated successful development has launched several initiatives to address impact. Under the framework of the WBG’s the crises, within the Vulnerability Financing Vulnerability Financing Facility (VFF), the Facility (VFF) framework. 7 JSDF Emergency Window would closely collaborate with various initiatives including Two major components of this are the the Rapid Social Response Program.” Rapid Social Response Program (RSR)8 and the Global Food Crisis Response JSDF Grants from the Program (GFRP).9 The RSR finances Emergency Window immediate interventions in the areas of safety nets, labor markets and access to The Government of Japan has agreed to basic services. The GFRP finances a mix of provide up to US$200 million for grants from rapid food and agriculture related assistance this window. The grants must be approved in four main areas: in the Bank’s financial years FY09 to FY11, and the maximum size for a single grant is (i) food price policy and market stabilization; US$8 million. Grants under the window are (ii) social protection actions; restricted to IDA and IBRD-eligible countries. (iii) enhancing domestic food production and The aims of these grants will be to provide marketing response; and assistance to vulnerable groups adversely (iv) implementation support. impacted by the Financial Crisis. Grants from These activities under the RSR and the this window should complement the Bank’s GFRP will be supported through stand-alone activities under the VFF and specifically Bank Technical Assistance, development policy and initiatives associated with the Rapid Social investment operations. Response Program (RSR) and the Global Food Crisis Response Program (GFRP). On April 26th 2009 Japan announced: Activities that would not be eligible under “In order to respond to this unprecedented the RSR or GFRP would not be supported by crisis, Japan is going to launch the these JSDF grants. “emergency JSDF” and provide support in the amount of $200 million over the next three years. While supporting innova- tive and pioneering projects, the JSDF Emergency Window is designed to enhance its responsiveness to the crises, by intro- ducing a streamlined procedure for project J A PA N S O C I A L D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 69 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 A7 JSDF JSDF Emergency Window Grants may be Used: ■ To scale up or replicate successful JSDF- supported initiatives in areas associated with Eligible expenditures, Execution and Implementation requirements, and Consultation and Visibility requirements will be the same as those in the FY09 JSDF Annual Policy Document (paragraph 8 Emergency the RSR and/or GFRP; and paragraphs 10 to 17 inclusive). Window ■ To complement Bank initiatives (IBRD/ Where stand-alone activities are under Guidelines IDA loans, credits or grants) under the RSR consideration, requests may be submitted for JSDF and/or GFRP (in such cases the JSDF grant for JSDF seed fund grant to support Grants may not be mentioned in the original project preparation costs. documentation, but the JSDF grant will allow from the extension of the Bank assisted operation to 7 See Board Briefing, March 29th 2009, Special SecM2009-0168). new beneficiaries or in program content); Window 8 See Framework for a Rapid Social Response ■ To address RSR and/or GFRP associated Program, April 14th, 2009. Background 9 issues in IBRD/IDA-eligible countries where See Framework Document for Proposed Loans, there is no related IBRD/IDA-financed activity. Credits and Grants for the GFRP, June 26th, 2008. Grant Mechanism To allow flexible use of the grants and to ensure rapid turn-around of the resources simplified mechanisms akin to those employed under the GFRP will be used: ■ There will be an initial first Round of proposals specific to this window. The need for the use of Rounds for subsequent propos- als will be determined in the light of demand and available resources; ■ A simplified approval process within the Bank will be used, excluding the need for Technical Reviewers and using a “virtual” procedure for Steering Committee review; ■ Grants will not necessarily need to be linked to other ongoing Bank operations; ■ Grant approval by the donor will be on a four week “no objection” basis; and ■ For grant proposals over US$3 million, a two-page Concept Note is required for sub- mission and approval by the Japan Ministry of Finance, before consideration of a full proposal. J A PA N S O C I A L 70 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D ANNUAL REPORT 2010 Guidance Note on Visibility of Japan Annex 7 Introduction should clearly indicate that the activities in question have received funding from the The Government of Japan (GOJ) has Government of Japan; contributed to the Japan Social Development Fund (JSDF) in support of innovative social (g) The logo (usually the Japanese national programs to help alleviate poverty in eligible flag) should be used in publications financed client countries of the World Bank Group by the JSDF program, and in banners and any since 2000. The purpose of this note is to other materials used in seminars and training provide guidance on measures to ensure programs financed by JSDF grants; that the contribution of Japan in supporting (h) All press releases issued by the Bank with JSDF is widely recognized. respect to JSDF grants should refer to the financial contribution from the Government of Statement on Visibility Japan; The Annual Policy Document provides the (i) Recipients should be encouraged to following clause on Consultation with Local ensure that JSDF-financed activities are Japanese Officials and Japanese Visibility: well covered by local print and electronic Consultation with Local Japanese Officials. media, and that all related publicity materials, In order to ensure harmonization and official notices, reports and publications coordination, Bank task teams are required explicitly acknowledge Japan as the source to consult with the Embassy of Japan of funding received; accredited to the recipient country about the (j) Grant signing ceremonies in the field JSDF grant application before submission of should be encouraged, with the Recipients the proposal to Concessional Finance and being encouraged to include Japanese Global Partnerships (CFP) for review. Such embassy officials and to invite local and consultation and information sharing by task international press to these ceremonies. teams will help expedite the decisionmaking In addition, CFP may promote visibility of process. In addition, Bank task teams are JSDF by: encouraged to share the information about (i) informing Country Directors of the im- progress and outcomes of JSDF projects with portance of signing ceremonies to Japanese the Embassy of Japan and other Japanese aid officials and the public to ensure recognition agencies in the field. and support for JSDF funding; and Japanese Visibility. Bank task teams are (ii) continuing widespread distribution asked to help promote the visibility and local of the JSDF Annual Report, inclusion of awareness of JSDF in recipient countries JSDF information in relevant Bank documents, through the following types of activities: and occasional information sessions for (f) Publications, training programs, seminars Japanese organizations. J A PA N S O C I A L and workshops financed by JSDF grants D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 71 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 A7 Guidance A Guidance Note providing samples of other ways to improve visibility is attached. The JSDF Program’s Logo The logo (usually the Japanese national flag) New grant approvals and signing should be publicized in these newsletters. Most country offices have Communications staff. Task Teams are encouraged to consult Note on with them on ways to increase the visibility of will be used on the JSDF website. All grant Japan regarding JSDF grants. Visibility approval notifications to the Regions will of Japan include this guidance note and a “Word” and Opportunities to publish articles on high visibility projects financed by JSDF grants a “PDF” version of the logo for use by the should be explored and utilized. During Bank and the grant recipients. The Bank will supervision missions of JSDF projects, task make every effort to ensure that: teams are advised to interact from time to (i) publications, training programs, seminars, time with the Embassy of Japan to inform workshops, financed by the JSDF grants them of progress under their project. clearly indicate that the activities in question have received funding from the Government They are encouraged to invite them to of Japan; participate in supervision missions and to visit project sites to meet beneficiaries. Task teams (ii) all press releases issued by the Bank are advised to brief the Country Managers/ with respect to the JSDF grants refer to Country Directors about the implementation the financial contribution of Government of status of JSDF grants. Such information will Japan; and help the Country Offices highlight Japan’s (iii) the logo is used in publications financed contribution, where relevant, in their meetings by the JSDF program, banners and any and presentations in seminars and workshops. other materials used in seminars and training programs financed by the JSDF grants. Ceremonial Events Local Publicity Country Directors will, at the same time Opportunities as the task teams, receive notification of grant approvals and will be informed of In addition to use of the logo, Bank staff are the importance of signing ceremonies to urged to take all appropriate measures to Japanese officials and the public. At grant encourage Recipients to ensure that JSDF- signing ceremonies and other publicity financed activities are well covered by local events, the Bank’s country-based staff are print and electronic media, and that all related expected to foster the attendance and publicity materials, official notices, reports participation of country-based officials of the and publications explicitly acknowledge Embassy of Japan in a manner that provides Japan as the source of funding received. due recognition of their donor status. Grant Below is a standard text suggested for use recipients should take the lead in organizing by those who prepare publicity materials: such ceremonies, and whenever possible, “The grant which financed this (name of Recipients should issue the formal invitation activity) was received under the Japan Social to attend. Such ceremonial events should also Development Fund which is financed by the be alerted to the media and publicity outlets J A PA N S O C I A L Government of Japan.” Many Bank Country 72 D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D referred to above. ANNUAL REPORT 2010 Offices periodically publish newsletters. Visibility from Headquarters Country-based Bank staff are requested to forward copies of all visibility material, such as press releases, newspaper and magazine articles, and photographs (including descriptive captions) to the following address: A7 Guidance JSDF Unit Note on Mail Stop H3-305 Visibility Global Partnership and Trust Fund Operations of Japan Concessional Finance and Global Partnerships The World Bank Washington, DC 20433 USA J A PA N S O C I A L D E V E LO P M E N T F U N D 73 ANNUAL REPORT 2010 Annual Report FISCAL YEAR 2010 JSDF Program Administrator Tel: 202-473-2389 Email: yjoseph@worldbank.org 1818 H Street, N.W. Washington D.C. 20433 http://www.worldbank.org/jsdf 8LI;SVPH&ERO Concessional Finance & Global Partnerships 8LI+SZIVRQIRXSJ.ETER