E1972 v12 Arab Rl'pubUc of Egypt Ministry of Ell'Ctricity and Enl'rgy LandS.- ETM Egyptian Ell'ctricity Holding Company Staelilelmages M 2002 Egyptian Electricity Transmission Company Legond • Elec1ricity towers Electric Power • River Nile Helwan South Power mg s o ~re mdS.t ETM at 2002 Plant 500 kV Electrical PTilJ'CilIing Consultants Gmup (ECG) Bldg. 2, Block 10, El-Safant Dishict Nau City 11765, Calm, Egypt. P.O.Box: 1167. Cab·o 11511, Egypt. ECG<:r~ ~-y}0~J. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP HELWAN SOUTH POWER PLANT 500 KV ELECTRICAL INTERCONNECTION PROJECT Environmental and Socia/ Impact Assessment Final Report CO NTENTS List of Abbreviations and Acronyms List of Figures List of Tables NO N-TECHNICAL SUMMARY 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Transmission System Re-enforcement 1-1 1.2 Project Overview 1-7 1.3 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment of the Project 1-7 2. POLICY, LEGAL AND AD MINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 2.1 Pemlits Required to Construct and Operate Transmission Lines and 2-1 Susbstations 2.2 Relevant Enviromnental Policy, Legal and Adminisb·ative Issues 2-2 2.3 Requirement for an ESIA 2-3 2.4 Egyptian Requit·ements for the Scope of the ESIA 2-5 2.5 Regional Development Plamling 2-6 2.6 h1ternational and National Environmental Standards/ Guidelines 2-4 2.7 National Legislation on Natural Protectorates 2-24 2.8 h1ternational and Regional Conventions Related to Preserving 2-24 Biodiversity 2.9 Legislative Framework for Resettlement in Egypt 2-25 ESIA foe Helwan South Pow~ Plant Transmissioo line Interconnection Project Cootents-Page l of 3 May 2013- Project No. 1750-HP ECG&t.kV10~ V9'\f. ENGI EERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-19 Seismicity Map of Egypt (after Sieberg, 1932) Figure 5-20 Digital Elevation Regional Map showing Bm:der of the Greater Cairo Meh·opolitan Area (rectangle), the Epicenter (star) of the 1992 Dal1Shour Earthquake, Main Cities and Towns (squares}, and the Recording KEG Station Site (triangle) Used in this Study. Colour Version of this Figure is Available in Electronic Edition Only (after Moustafa et. al., 2009} Figure 5-21 (a) Regional Geological Map of Study Area. (b) The Surface and Subsurface Faults of Egypt (Both Plots after the Egyptian Geological Survey and Mining Authority 1981} (after Moustafa et. al., 2009} Figure 5-22 Epicenter Distribution of Varying Magnitude Earthquake, Focal Mechanism of Principal Earthquakes and Active Seismic Trends (A, B, C and Dafter Kebeasy 1990, and E after Maamotm and El-Khasab, 1978) Figw·e 5-23 Earthquake Activity of Northern Part of Egypt from August 1997 to February 2008. The Arrow Points to the Location of the 12 October 1992 Dahshour Earthquake Epicenter, wlrile the ball shows the Focal Mechanism of that Evetl.t (after Hussein 1999} Figure 5-24 Modified Mercalli h1.tensity (MMI) Distribution of October 12, 1992, Earthquake (after Thetmaus et al. 1993; credit U.S. Geological Survey ) [Grey Areas RepreSetl.t Agricultural Lands while Dru:k Grey area is Urban Region] Figure 5-25 LocatiotlS of Sand Liquefaction and areas Setiously Damaged during the 1992 Dal1.shour Earthquake ijapanese Expert Team 1993) Figw·e 5-26 Sru1.d Dune Change Detection (after El-Gammal , 2010 ) Figw·e 5-27 Sru1.d Dune Encroachment in the West Sammalut Area Figw·e5-28 The Entire Route Areas and the Selected Monitoting Locations Figure 5-29 Measurement Locations at Zalu·aa Al-Maadi Area Figure 5-30 Measurement Locations at Samalluot Area Figure 5-31 Spec hum Graph of Values of Sow1d Levels for Each Third Octave Band at Zalu·aa Al-Maadi (Locations 1 through 6} Figure 5-32 Some Measurement Photos at Zaltraa Al-Maadi Area Figw·e5-33 Spec hum Graph of Values of Sound Levels for Each Third Octave Band (Locations 1 tluough 17} ESIA for Helwan South Power- Plant Transmission Line Intercoonection Project LO.F-Page 3 of 7 May 2013- Project No. 1750- HB ECGe:t~~ V9-\.r. ENGI EERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-34 Some Measurement Photos at Samallout Figme 5-35 Main Line Routing and Main Residential Blocks at the Samallout Area (2D view) Figure 5-36 Noise Gradient Contours for Samallout Area in Lden Figure 5-37 Noise Levels for Samallout Area in Lden Figure 5-38 30 View Noise Gradient Contours for Samallout in Lden Figure 5-39 Maps of the Areas which Accommodates the Entire 500 kV Transmission Line Route for h1.tercmmecting Helwan South Power Project Figure 5-40 Map of the Helwan Area Figme 5-41 Map of the Es-Saff Area Figure 5-42 Map of the Wadi Raslu·ash Area Figure 5-43 Map of the Jabal Hunu· Saybon Area Figme 5-44 Map of the Beni-Sueif Area Figme 5-45 Map of the Wadi Sammr Area Figme 5-46 Map of the Jabal Al-Mirayr Area Figme 5-47 Map of the Jabal Al-Al1.mer Area Figme 5-48 Map of the Beni-Mazar Area Figure 5-49 Map of the San1.alloutn Area Figme 5-50 The Entire Study Area Figm·e 5-51 General View of the Study At·ea Sluubs of Tamarix Tetragyna Appear in Sparse Commwuty Figm·e5-52 General View of the Study At·ea Figm·e5-53 A- Tanl.arix Tetragyna Sluub B- Magnified Branch Figm·e 5-54 A- Sarcoconua Fmticosa Sluub B- Magnified sluub Figm·e 5-55 Phragmites Australis at the Reclaimed Land ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Tnmsmission line InterCOillleCtion Project L.O.F-Page 4 of 7 May 2013- Project No. 1750- HB I.______ _ ECG&-~~~\f. ENGI EERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-56 A- Alhagi Graecorum Sluub B- Magnified Branch Figure 5-57 Comulaca Monacantha Community Figure 5-58 Common Herpetofauna Figure 5-59 Conunon Herpetofauna Figure 5-60 : · Common Herpetofauna Figure 5-61 Common Herpetofauna Figure 5-62 Conunon Herpetofauna Figure 5._63 Common Herpetofauna Figure 5-64 Commo:p. Birds Figure 5-65 Common Birds Figure 5-66 Common Mammals Figure 5-67 Common Mammals Figure 5-68 Conm1on Manunals Figure 5-69 Common Manunals Figure 5-70 Common Manunals Figure 5-71 Common Zooplankton Figme 5-72 Conm1on Zooplankton Figt_rre 5-73 Conm1on Zooplankton Figure 5-74 Conunon Zooplankton Figure 5-75 Conm10n Zooplankton Figure 5-76 Conm1on Fish Species Figure 5-77 Common Fish Species Figure 5-78 Adminish·ative Map of the Beni-Sueif Goven1orate Figure 5-79 Adminish·ative Map of the El-Minya Govemorate ESIA foe Helwan South Power Plant Tnmsmission Line Inte.-cOOJJection Project LO.F-Page 5 of 7 May 2013- Project No. 1750- HB ECGC:t~~V9-\r. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-80 Percentage Dishibution of the Total Population in Minya Goven1orate Figlll'e 5-81 Percentage Distribution of the Total Population in Beni Suei£ Governorate · Figure 5-82 Percentage Distribution of the Total Population by gender in Minya Governorate Figure 5-83 Percentage Dishibution of the Total Population by gender in Betti Suei£ Governorate Figure 5-84 Percentage Dishibution of Population by Source of Light and Governorates Figure 5-85 Percentage Dishibution of Population by Source of Light and Governorates Figlll'e 5-86 Percentage Dish.ibution of Population by the Type of Sewage by Total Govet'llorates Figlll'e 5-87 Percentage Dishibution of the Total Population in Minya Govetnorate by Educational Status and Gendet· Figure 5-88 Percentage Dish.ibution of the Total Population in Beni Suei£ Govetnorate by Educational Status and Gender Figlll'e 5-89 The Areas that will be Covered by the Interconnection Project Figure 5-90 Desert At·eas Figure 5-91 Agticultural Lands Near to Project Site Figure 5-92 Residential At·eas Neat· to the Project Site Figure 5-93 Project Coordinates in Satellite Maps Figure 5-94 Very Limited At·eas Close to the Residential Sites Occupied by Towers' Footing Figure 5-95 Digital Elevation Model for the Stud At·ea Figure 5-96 Topogt·apltic Sheet of the Proposed Project Site Figure 5-97 The Acquired Landsat Images 1987 Figure 5-98 The Acquired Landsat Images 2002 Figure 5-99 Unsupervised Classified Images Year 1987 ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Projec.t L.O.F-Page 6 of 7 May 2013 - Project No. 1750 - HB ENGI EERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-100 Unsupervised Classified Images Year 2002 Figure 5-101 Supervised Classified Images Year 2002 Figure 5-102 Supervised Classified Images Year 2002 Figure 5-103 Example of the Agticulture Lat1.d Covered the Area arow1.d the Nile River Parallel to the Transmission Line Figme 5-104 Example of the Urban Lat1.d Covered the Area ru.·ow1.d the Nile River Pru.·allel to the Tratl.Smission Line Figme 5-105 Study Area of the Project Figure 5-106 The Old Kingdom Tombs (ru.·ow1.d 10 km South east of Samallout) Figure 6-1 Location Map of the Transmission Lines (Sectors A & B) Figme 6-2 South Helwan - Zaluaa Al-Maadi Tratl.Sntission Line Route Segment (A-Sector) Figure 6-3 South Helwatl. - Samallout Transmission Line Route Segment (B- Sector) Figure 8-1 Environmental Management Staff (EMS) within the Project Implementation Unit (PIU) ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line IntercllllmCtion Project LO.F-Page 7 of 7 May 2013- Project No. 1750 - HB ECG Y..kV1D~~ ~ J. ENGI EERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS CAA Competent Administrative Authority CAPMAS Cenh·al Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics EAAQLs Egyptian Ambient Ait· Quality Limits EEAA Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency EEHC Egyptian Electricity Holding Company EETC Egyptian Elechicity Transmission Company EGSMA Egyptian Geological Survey and Mining Authmity EHS Envimmnental Health and Safety EIA Enviromnental Impact Assessment EMS Envit·onmental Management Staff ENIT Egyptian National Institute of Transport ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ESMP Envit·omnental and Social Management Plan EU Environmental Unit EUPS Egyptian Unified Power System FHWA Federal Highway Adminish·ation, (US) FM Fit1ance Manager GARBLT General Authmity for Roads, Bridges and Land Transpmt GEP Good Engit1eering Practice GIS Gas-Insulated Switchgear ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lne Interconnection Proj ect L.O.A-Page 1 o£ 2 May 2013 - Project No. 1750 - HB ECG~~~'\f. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA HCM Highway Capacity Manual HGVs Heavy Goods Vehicles HSE Health, Safety and Envimnment MoEE Minishy of Elechicity & Energy MWRI Minishy of Water Resources & lnigation MSDSs Mate1ial Safety Data Sheets NFRA National Fire Pmtection Authority NRIAG National Research h1stitute for Ash·onomy and Geophysics OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration PCBs Polychlorinated Biphenyls PCDA Public Consultation and Disclosure Activities PIU Project Implementation Unit RIGW Reseru·ch h1stitute for Ground Water RoW Right of Way S/ST Substation ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project L.O.A-Page 2 of 2 May 2013 - Project No. 1750 - HB ECG&-~~~\f. ENGI EERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA LIST OF TABLES Table 1-1 Location of Specified Infotmation in the ESIA Report Table 2-1 Key Permits Required for the Construction and Operation of the Project Table 2-2 · Ambient Ail· Quality Guidelines (J..Lgm-3) (Maximum Limits as per the Law 4/1994 and the Law 9/2009, Executive Regulations, Atmex 5- PMD* no. 1095/2011) Maximum Atmospheric Emission Guidelit1es (in Case of usil1g Standby Table 2-3(A) Generator for Electricity) (mg/Nm3) (Maximum Limits as per the Law 4/1994 and the Law 9/2009, Executive Regulations, Atmex 6-PMD no. 1095/2011) Vehicles Powered by Gasoline (Maximum Limits as per the Law 4/1994 Table 2-3(B) and the Law 9/2009, Executive Regulations, Atmex 6-PMD no. 1095/2011) Water Quality Standards and Specifications Mandated by the Egyptian Table 2-4 Laws il1 Compatison with the World Batlk Guidelines (mgl-1) Egyptian Ambient Noise Limits for h1tensity ill Different Lat1d Use Table 2-5 Zones (Maximum Limits as per the Law 4/1994 and the Law 9/2009, Executive Regulations, Atmex 7-Table 2- PMD no. 1095/2011) WB Ambient Noise Guidelit1es for Intensity ill Different Lat1d Use Table 2-6 Zones Egyptiatl atld World Batlk Ail· Quality Guidelines ill the Workplace Table 2-7 (Maximum Limits as per the Law 4/1994 and the Law 9/2009, Executive Regulations, Atmex 8- PMD no. 1095/2011) Egyptiatl Maximum Air Temperature Limits (Maximum Limits as per Table 2-8 the Law 4/1994 atld the Law 9/2009, Executive Regulations, Atmex 9- PMD no. 1095/2011) Egyptiatl Guidelit1es for Maximum Permissible Limits of Noise il1side Table 2-9 Places of Work and il1door Premises (Maximum Limits as per the Law 4/1994 atld the Law 9/2009, Executive Regulations, Atmex 7-Table 1- PMD no. 1095/2011) Egyptian Guidelines on Peliods of Exposure to Noise (Maximum Limits Table 2-10 as per the Law 4/1994 atld the Law 9/2009, Executive Regulations, Atmex 7-Table 1-PMD no. 1095/2011) ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lne Interconnection Project . LO.T-Page 1 of 5 May 2013 - Project No. 1750 - HB ECGC:t~~~v. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Egyptian Guidelines on Pemlissible Limits Concerning h1tennittent Table 2-11 Noise h1side the Workplace (Maximum Limits as per the Law 411994 and the Law 9l2f.X)9, Executive Regulations, Annex 7-Table 1- PMD no. 109512011) EEAA and World Bank Requirements for Monitoring Wastewater Table 2-12 Discharges Table 3-1 h1stalled Capacity Corresponding to Fuel Type, 2f.X)9I 2010 Table 4-1 Helwan South I Zahraa Al-Maadi 500 kV OHTL Prinuuy Route Table 4-2 Helwan South I Samallout I Assiut 500 kV Line Details Table 4-3 Selection of Creepage Distance Table 4-4 Standard Environmental Conditions Table 4-5 Conductors and Earth-wit·e Specification Table 5-1 Wind Speed IDfotmation for the Proposed Site (Knots), (35-year monthly average; 1975-2010) (Based on Weather Monitoring at the Al- Maadi Station) Table 5-2 Temperature, Humidity and Rainfall ID£orn1ation for the Proposed Site, (35-year monthly average; 1975-2010) (Based on Weather Monitoling at the Al-Maadi Station) Table 5-3 Wind Speed hlforn1ation for the Proposed Site (Knots) (35-year monthly rates, 1975-2010) (Based on Weather Monitoring at the Helwan Meterorological Station) Table 5-4 Temperahue, Humidity and Raitlfall hlformation for the Proposed Site (35-yeat· monthly rates; 1975-2010) (Based on Weather Monitoting at the Helwatl Meterorological Station) Table 5-5 Wind Speed hlfom1ation for the Proposed Site (Knots) (35-yeat· monthly average; 1975-2010) (Based on Weather Monitoring at Beni-Suei£ Meterorological Station) Table 5-6 Temperahu·e, Humidity and Raitlfall hlfom1ation for the Proposed Site (35-yeat· monthly average; 1975-2010) (Based on Weather Monitoring at the Beni-Suei£ Meterorological Station) Table 5-7 Monthly Rates (Averages of 35 years 1975-2010) of the El-Minya , Meteorological Station Pat·atlleters ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmissioo Line Interconnection Project LO.T-Page 2 of 5 May 2013 - Project No. 1750 - HB ECGC:t~~~\J. ENGI EERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Table 5-8 Monthly Rates (Averages of 35 years; 1975-2010} of the El-Minya Meteorological Station Parameters Table 5-9 The Main Drainage Basins East and Southeast of Helwan Table 5-10 The Reserve of the Main Natural Resources Table 5-11 Results of Sultan Hydmlogy Model for Wadi Tarfa Table 5-12 Mean Concenh·ations of Gaseous Air Pollutants along the Entire Route Table 5-13 Mean Concenh·ations of Solid Air Pollutants along the Entit·e Route Table 5-14 Main Parameter Values over the Measured Redings at Zalu·aa Al-Maadi S/ST Location Table 5-15 Main Parameter Values over the Measured Readings at Samallout 5/ST Location Table 5-16 Reptiles Recorded at the Study Area Table 5-17 List of the Bird Species Recorded at the Study Area Table 5-18 · List of the Mammals Recorded at the Study Site Table 5-19 Checklist of Zooplankton Species Recorded Along the River Nile Bank Table 5-20 Checklist of Benthos Species Recorded Along River Nile Bank Table 5-21 Fish Species at the Study Site in the River Nile Table 5-22 Adminish·ative Division for Minya and Beni Sueif Governorates Table 5-23 Distribution of Area and Land-use in El-Minya and Beni Sueif Govemorates Table 5-24 Distribution of Squatter and Unsafe Areas in Minya and Beni-Sueif Goven1orates Table 5-25 Size of Family and Density Rate in Minya Governorate Table 5-26 Size of Family and Density Rate in Beni Sueif Governorate Table 5-27 Employment status in Minya and Berti Sueif Governorates Table 5-28 Unemployment Status in Minya and Beni Sueif Goven1orates Table 5-29 Industrial Activity Registered Handicraft Workshops 2006 Table 5-30 Specification and the Application of Landsat TM Data Table 5-31 The Main Classes of Land-use / Land -cover, Interpreted from Landsat-TM Images, Scale 1:100.000 ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lne Interc~tion Project LO.T-Page 3 of 5 May 2013 - Project No. 1750 - HB ECG &-~&.00 ~\.r. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Table 6-1 Ust of Activities Table 6-2 Ust of Aspects Table 6-3 Ust of Potential Impacts Table 6-4 Sector A-Co-ordinates of South Helwan I Zahraa Al-Maadi Transmission Une Route Segment Table 6-5 Type of Hazards and the Number of Towers 1 Locations along the Transmission Line Route Segment (A) [South Helwan - Zahraa Al- Maadi Transmission Line Route] Table 6-6 Sector B - Co-ordinates of South Helwan I Samallout Transmission Line Route Segment Table 6-7 Type of Hazards and the Number of Towers 1 Locations along the Transmission Line Route Segment (B) [South Helwan-Samallout Transmission Une Route] Table 6-8 Summary Impact Assessment Mattix Table 7-1 C1iteria for Compensation for Land and Crops Affected by the Transmission Une Table 7-2 EETC Mitigation Measures and Objectives Table 7-3 Conshuction Contractor Mitigation Measures and Objectives Table 8-1 Recommended Training Required for the PIU /EMS Table 8-2 Schedule and Cost Estimates for EHS Plans Table 8-3 h1stitutional Arrangements for Helwan South I Zaluaa Al-Maadi - Helwan South f Samallout 500 kV Transmission httercoxmection Project Table 8-4 Generic Transmission System Mitigation, Monitoring and Management Plan Table 8-5 Summary of Implementation Cost of the ESMP Table 9-1 Ptimary Stakeholder Organizations Table 9-2 Vuh1erable Groups and Mitigation Measures Table 9-3 Affected Land and Crops Form Table 9-4 Grievance Form. Table 9-5 Environmental Management Matrix during Conshuction ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmissioo Line Interconnection Project LO.T-Page4 of5 May 2013 - Project No. 1750 - HB I .____._~-- ECG~~~tr. ENGI EERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Table 9-6 Envirorunental Monitoring Matrix dUiing Construction Table 9-7 Enviromnental Management Matrix dllling Operation Table 9-8 Envimmnental Monitoring Matrix during Operation Table 9-9 Key Comments and Responses Raised dllling Seeping Sessions, 20th March 2012 ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project LO.T-Page 5 of 5 · May 2013 -Project No. 1750 - HB ECG&YW.W~!PV. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA HELWAN SOUTH POWER PLANT 500 kV TRANSMISSION LINE AND SUBSTATIONS PROJECT Environmental and Socia/ Impact Assessment 1. INTRODUCTION Engineering Consultants Group (ECG), a ptivate consulting fum (Egypt) was commissioned by the Egyptian Electricity Transmission Company (EETC), a company incorporated in Egypt and Affiliated to ti1e Egyptian Electricity Holding Company (EEHC) to prepare the technical documents and procedures required by the World Bank (WB) concerning ti1e Environmental and Social Impact Assessment of the Helwan South Power Plant 500 kV Transmission Line and Substations Project. EEHC J EETC is seeking financial assistance from the WB for tile construction and operation of tilis Transnlission Line and Substations. Tilis project uses tile savings of US$180 million from the ongoing $600 nlillion Ain Soklma project (IDRD loan 76330) to tile Arab Republic of Egypt (Borrower) to upgrade the national transnlission grid. , TI1e savings would help finance (i) two 750 MVA, 500J220kV, Zahraa El-Maadi GIS substation (ii) a 500 kV double circuit OHTL Souti1 Helwan/ Zalu·aa El-Maadi witi1 about 100km lengU1 ; (iii) 500 kV, double circuit OHTL from Souti1 Helwan witi1 150km length, crossing one circuit from ti1e existing 500 kV, OHTL Samalautj Assuit at Assuit Site and (iv) opening the under consb.uction 500 kV, OHTL Tebbeen/ El-Sokhna P.P. and extend it in/ out witi1 lengU1 2x30km to Zahraa El-Maadi, (v) 2x 165 MVAR, SOOkV, switchable line shunt reactor one in Assuit S.S. and the other in South Helwan Power Project and (vi) Com1ecting tiu·ee existing 220 kV lines (AinSira/ Tora (2x7 km), Cairo east J Basateen (2x5 km), Katanlia/ Tebeen (15 km)) to Zaluaa el- Maadi SS. TI1e funding of ti1e expansion of tile savings will enable ti1e new Helwan souti1 power plant and ti1e Ain Sokhna power plant as well as oti1er generation plants added to ti1e gtid to effectively evacuate ti1eir energy into tile gtid. TI1e proposed project is desigtmted as a Category (B) project unde1· the WB and as a Category (B) project under tile Egyptian enviromnental regulations. Alti1ough it does not require a full EIA, but only a screening Form "B", a full Environmental and Social Impact Assessment has been conducted. Financing from WB is conditional upon obtaining ti1e environmental clearance from ti1e Egyptian regulatmy auti1orities and tile WB. 1.1 TRANSMISSION SYSTEM RE-ENFORCEMENT EETC is a Egyptian State-owned enteiplise ti1at is responsible for constructing, operating and maintaining 66-500 kV Transnlission elecb.icity grid networks. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 1-Page I of 13 May2013-ProjectNo. 1750-HP ECG~l;.Vl;J~ ;plf. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA The Govenunent of Egypt has identified a number of high voltage elechicity transmission projects which are urgent and strategically important for providing constant elechicity supply to the Egyptian consumers and reliable operation of the Egyptian electricity grid as a whole. Firstly, the strategy of the elechicity grid development is directed towards creation of standard conditions for utilization of tl1e capacity from power supply units currently operating as well as from new power supply generators, either tl1ermal or renewable, tl1e commissioning of which is planned by tl1e Government, optimization of the balance structure of tl1e capacity, providing for frequency and voltage regulation. Amongst tl1ese projects is tl1e consh'uction of fue 500 kV overhead transmission line, which interconnects the Helwan South Power Plant and its supporting SjSs. with the national elechical glid. To finance the project, EEHCJEETC is seeking loans from the World Bank (WB). Figure 1-1, Figure 1-2, Figure 1-3 mtd Figure 1-4 depict the electrical networks of Cairo, Giza, Beni-Sueif and tl1e El-Minya Governorates and the proposed re- enforcement by tl1e year 2015. TI1e proposed h'ansmission lines will re-enforce tl1e existing network and allow tl1e evacuation of tl1e power generated at the Helwan South area to the Egyptian elechicity national g~id . It will also help address concerns about tl1e security of electricity supply within tl1e Upper Egypt region, where the demand is rising. At the same time, grid re-inforcement has tl1e potential to deliver an additional Hundt·eds MW & ·om new power plants. • TI1e conshuction of tl1e proposed transmission line and associated SjSs is anticipated to yield a number of tangible benefits to the elechicity system and EEHC, tl1at include: • Improved stability of the system - TI1e reliability of tl1e gird will be significan.tly improved as additional rednndancy will be built into tl1e network tl1at will reduce tl1e need for power cuts in fue event of tl1e unplanned breakdown of a n1ajor piece of equipment. • Optimised supply of power to Upper Egypt- &'Om being able to exploit all tl1e potential generating capacity established in Helwan South. • Increased energy efficiency - tlu·ough increased higher levels of energy efficiency in tl1e transmission system. • Transfer and dispersion of skills - to tl1e power generation complex of Egypt &·om implementing projects of this natme and associated income for contractors and sub-contractors. ESIA for Hehvan South Powe£ Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 1 -Pag~ 2 of 13 May 2013 -Project No. 1750-HP ECG~~~~v ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 1-1 Electricnl Network oftlte Cniro Govemornfe Region, 2015 I1 I (j rn 0 w f- > <( u 0 N ESIA for Hdwan South Powu Plant Transmission Lin~ lnt~cOillleCtion Proj~ CH 1-Pagd of l3 May 2013-Project No. 1750-HP ECG~~~vsr\f. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 1-2 Electrical Network of fl1e G;zn Govemornte Regio11, 2015 SHARQIYA GOV. QALUOBIYA GOV. FAIYUM GOVERNORATE ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interc~ Project CH 1-Page 4 of 13 May 2013-Project No. 1750-HP ECG~~~~\f. , ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figurel-3 Electrical Network of tile Beui-Sueif Governorate Regiou, 2015 TO FAIYUM WEST 8[~1 SUEF GOV. (gfP'"'" Eloclrkty Hol.r.rYj CoKY TL • 3.JK.V- • W1JIG£ a. lONC 001. . . 0 INfORW.llON SYSTEiol SECTOR Information S)wtMI 2009 Source: Egyptian Electricity Holding Company (EEHQ: Geographic Infomtation Center, 2010. ESJA for Hehvan South Power Plant Tr.111smission Line Interconnection Project CH 1-Pag~ 6 of 13 May 2013-Project No. 1750-HP ECG~~~~V. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA 1.2 PROJECT OVERVIEW 1l1e Helwan Soufl1 Power Plant 500 kV Electrical Interconnection Project is an integral part of U1e Egyptian Electricity Sector's on-going program to enhance transmission capacity for meeting fl1e ever increasing demand for electricity generation. 1l1e project includes evacuation of the generated electricity at the Helwan South to the National Unified Power Grid (NUPG) via interconnecting Overhead Transmission Lines (OTL) and supporting Substations. 1l1ese interconnecting transmission lines and supporting substations will connect fl1e electricity users and consumers to the National Electricity Network. 1.3 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF THE PROJECT 1.3.1 Egyptian Requirement for an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) 1l1e "Guidelines for Egyptian Environmental Impact Assessment" published by U1e Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA) specify U1at a "transmission line within the national grid and supporting substations" fall wifllin U1e category "B" projects (previously: Category of "Grey List Projects") which, due to their limited environmental impacts, should submit a Screeiling Fom1 "B" to U1e competent administrative aufl1ority (EEHC) and the Licensing Aufl1ority (U1e Governorates of the El-Minya and fl1e Red Sea and U1e EEAA) in order to obtain pemlission for development. According to U1ese requirements, EETC submitted fl1eir Screening F01m "B" of the "Helwan South Power Plant 500 kV Transmission Line and Substations Project", supported by a "Scoped EIA" to the designated Competent Administrative AuU10rity(EEHC), which in hun submitted it to the EEAA for obtaining 1l1e Environmental Permit. The EEAA has issued the Environmental Pemlit for U1e project on 17th May 2013. 1.3.2 This ESIA Report Tilis Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report (ESlA Report) was prepared by Engineering Consultants Group (ECG) based on information provided by fl1e project company and infotmation contained in many baseline studies outsourced by ECG and implemented by specialized consultants f consulting firms. It presents the findings of an assessment of · the likely environmental and social impacts associated wifll U1e construction and operation of the project. Tile ESIA Report has been prepared to accompany U1e applications for consents from the Egyptian Govemment and local auU1orities to construct and operate U1e project. Also, fl1e World Bank Group statutes and regulations require U1e World Bank to follow prescribed ESIA for Hehvan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH !-Page 7 ofl3 May 2013 -Project No. 1750-HP ECG~l;V1:J~~1J. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA environmental procedures when involved with international assistance projects. For Ulis, Ute ESIA report has been prepared to accompany Ute application for financing too. 1.3.3 Scope of the ESIA This ESIA covet.·s Ute main areas Utat might be affected by Ute construction and operation of Ute proposed transmission and substations project. Specifically, Ulis includes studying euvironment ami social impacts due to and on: • The project sites, i.e. areas within Ute domain of Ute proposed sites; • Areas immediately bordering and in Ute vicinity of Ute proposed sites (i.e. su"oundiug euviromnent oud tl1e com1111111ity); • Terresb.ial and aquatic ecosystems fuat might be affected (i.e. fannlands, desert lauds, ecolog~j, geolog~j, water bodies, including ground water, .. etc); • Any other areas Utat might be affected by Ute proposed project. 1.3.4 Specified Information The Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA) has published guidelines which require Utat certain infonnation is provided in an ESIA report (i.e. specified infonnation). The World Bank, also, set out Uteir procedures and policies with regard to conducting environmental assessment. For instance, the World Bank's Opet.·ational Directive 4.01: Environmental Assessment (October 1999), Annex E of Ute Directive (and its updates) identifies Ute process by which Ute level of investigation required in Ute environmet.ttal assessment is determined. Table 1-1 sunmuuizes Ute required contet.tt of Ute EIA report, which is indicated by Ute EEAA guidelines, and establishes where Ute infomtation is provided within Ute EIA report. For information pwposes, as well as full satisfaction of U1e World Bank regulations, Table 1-1 also includes the equivalent requirements for an EIA report from Ute International Fi.J.lallce Corporation (IFC)jWorld Bank. ESIA for Hehvan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH !-Page 8 of 13 May 2013-Project No. 1750-HP ECG&Y~~~V. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Table 1-1 LocnHon of Specified Infonnntion ;, tile ESIA Report EEAA Guidelines for Egyptian EIB/World Bank Guidance for Preparation Section of the Environmental Impact Assessment of an Environmental Assessment ElA Reoort Description of tTu! proposed pTnnt nnd Description o{tT1e proposed vroiect: Section4 • Location of all related sites • location of the site(s), including • general layout directly linked investments • maps showing general setting • provision of off-site services • flow diagrams of operations (energy, water, transport) • types of equipment • process flow diagram • raw material consumption • location of effluent discharge points • construction and operational • emissions to air activities • emission to water • staffing • _pollution control • support facilities technologyf treatment systems • waste production and storage • alterations during construction • emissions to the· air (land grading) • noise generation • clearance, road-building_ etc.) • required off-site investments • employment • life expectancy • organization of environmental management staff and associated training. • occupational health and safety conditions, programs and training (noise, workplace air quality, hazardous areas, etc.) ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission ~ Interconnection Project CH ! -Page 9 of 13 May 2013 -Project No. 1750-HP ECGl:.trW.uJ~~v ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Table 1-1 (Coutd.) Loca tiou of Specified Iufonuntiou iu f11e ESIA Report EEAA Guidelines for Egyptian EIB/World Bank Guidance for Preparation Section of the Environmental Impact Assessment of an Environmental Assessment EIAReport 2. Descriptiou of tile euviroumeut, Descripfiou of tl1e baseliue enviroumeut SectionS iucluitiug bnseliue coutfitious nutf usiu~ gmpTucnT preseutnfiou wl1ere Oll!f cT10uges expected ;, tT1e future possrble: pnor to tfevelopmeut: • geology, seismology, topography • climate and air quality and soils • landform (topography, geology, • climate, meteorology and winds soils) • air quality and existing sources of • hydrology, water quality, air pollution groundwater resources • surface water hydrology and flood • ecology, flora and fauna risks • land and water resource uses • coastal features, • sociO-econonlic conditions • water quality, existing sources of archaeological, historical and water pollution and uses cultural resources • flora and fauna, sensitive habitats • environmental problems related to and species of commercial past or current industrial operations importance • local conunwlities, land use, planned developments, labor market, income distribution, goods and services, recreation and public health • cultural, archaeological and historical sites. • indigenous populations and traditional tribal lands 3. Review of legislative and Identification and outline of all Section2 regulatory considerations, applicable regulations and including regulations and standards, includ.in.g numerical standards at national, regional and standards: local levels: • environmental quality • environmental qaality • health and safety • health and safety • liquid effluents • protectipn of sensitive areas • emissions to air • protection of endangered species • solid waste management • siting • land use control ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH !-Page !Oofl3 May 2013-Project No. 1750-HP ECG~~~~V. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Table 1-1 (Co11td.) Location of Spedfied Infonnntion in f11e ESIA Report EEAA Guidelines for Egyptian EIB /World Bank Guidance for Preparation Section of the Environmental Impact Assessment of an Environmental Assessment EIAReport 4. Detennination of tile potential impacts Section6 of tile proposed project, covering sl1orl and long tenn impacts, including (but not limited to): • employment • description of potential impacts of • wastewater the proposed project, including all • liquid effluent significant environmental, socio- • emissions to air economic, human health and safety • land use impacts, covering construction and • infrastructure operation, positive and negative, • exposure to disease direct and indirect, immediate and • noise long term impacts. • traffic • identification of any significant • socio, Giza, Beni-Sueif project and El-Minya Governorates and the Egyptian Electricity H olding Company (EEHC) Operation Permit Regulatory Body Presidential Decree of the Authorization to (Secured) Arab Republic of Egypt, transmit electricity o. 326/ 1997, to Establish the Regulatory Body for Electricity Utility and Consumer Protection ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 2-Page I of 51 May 2013-Project No_ 1750-HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA ·In addition, a number of subsidiary permits will be required related to cormection to, and use of, existing services and infrastructure, including the following: • Electricity Supply Permit (if required) (Cairo North & Cairo South and Upper Egypt Electricity Distribution Companies (CNEDC, CSEDC & UEEPC), Egyptian Elech·icity Holding Company (EEHC), Ministry of Electricity & Energy); • Water Supply Pemlit (Cairo and the El-Minya Local Water Authorities); • Roadside Occupation (or Conshuction) Permit (General Authority for Roads, Bridges and Land Transport (GARBLT), Ministry of Transport); • Transport of Special Loads Pemlit (Central Administration for Executing and Maintaining Roads and Bridges, Ministry of Transport); 2.2 RELEVANT ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE ISSUES TI1e environmental policy, legal and administrative framework which is relevant to the pemlitting of U1e TLs & SJSs comprises the following: • Requirement to conduct an EIA to accompany U1e development of U1e TLs & S/Ss; • Regional development planning, wllich must be addressed in the development of the TLs & S/Ss, in particular: - land use planning and control; siting; - protect_ion of environmentally sensitive areas; and - protection of endangered species. • Environmental standards which must be considered in the design, layout, conshuction and operation of U1e TLs & SjSs, including: - emissions to air; - generation and disposal of liquid effluents; - generation and disposal of solid and hazardous wastes; - ambient environmental quality; - health and safety. Each of these aspects is reviewed in U1e following sections. In each case Egyptian, and Intemational Finance Corporation (IFC) / World Bank (WB) standards and guidelines are considered to reflect U1e relevant national requirements and those which may be expected from regional or intemational financial institutions. ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 2-Pag~ 2 of 51 May 2013-Project No. 1750- HP ECGl:tJl.i/".WV.MIPV. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA 2.3 REQUIREMENT FOR AN ESIA 2.3.1 Egyptian Requirement for an ESIA Beginning in the 1950s, the Government of Egypt has promulgated several laws and regulations concerning protection of the enviJ.·otliDent. The Egyptian standards have been drawn from the range of provisions in the following documents: • Law 4/1994 and the 'Ptime Minister's Decree No. 338 of 1995, which promulgates the Executive Regulations of Law 4. • Amendment to the Law 4/1994 promulgated by the Prime Minister's Decree No. 1741 of 2005 for modifying some executive regulations of the Decree No. 338 of1995. • Law 9/2009, which modifies some articles of the Law 4/1994. • Decree of the Prime Minister No. 1095 for the year 2011 on Amending Some Provisions of the Executive Regulations of the Environmental Law, issued by the Ptime Minister's Decree No. 338 for the year 1995. • Law No. 93 for 1962 regardii1g the drainage of liquid wastes, particularly sanitary drainage. • Law of Labor No. 12/2003. • Law No. 38/1967 amended by Law No. 31/1976 on public cleanliness and collection and disposal of solid waste. The Law 4/1994: "Law for the envii·onment" (and its modifying Law 9/2009) has classified development projects into three categories, namely: A, B, and C Category B projects include transmission lii1es and substations, which needs to follow the requirements of pre-prepared F01m, called Fom1-B, and require the preparer to provide it witil necessary attachments of some detailed data and assessments. Egyptian EEAA F01m-B specify tile technical scope or contents of Category (B) projects envu·omnental impact assessment. As a matter of practice, enviJ.·otliDental ilnpact assessments for transmission lines and substations projects typically have a scope and organization silnilar to World Bank Category (B) environmental assessments. In addition to enviromnental ilnpact assessment requii·ements, tile Government of Egypt has established air pollution and water pollution limits applicable to all projects. These limits are adhered to alongwitil tile actual air and water pollution levels expected from ti1e Project. The development of a new transmission line and substation can only commence if a permit has been granted by tile appropliate Competent Adminish·ative Auth01ity (CAA). Egyptian Law 4 of 1994, Law for tile Environment (hereinafter referred to as Law 4) stipulates ti1at applications for a license from an ii1dividual, ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Tr.msmission Line Interconnection Project CH 2-Page 3 of 51 May 201 3-Project No_ 1750-HP ECG&-J.;;A,J~ ~tr. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S.A. company, organization or authority, subject to certain conditions, require an assessment of the likely environmental impacts .. TI1e Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA) is the authority responsible for determining the type of development that requires an environmental appraisal and the level of detail at which the study should be conducted. Tite EEAA publication Guidelines for Egyptian Environmental Impact Assessment of January 2009 stipulates Utat " ..... tmnsmission line and substations" falls within the category of "B Listed Projects" . Tilis category requires a screening Form "B" to be submitted to either Ute Competent Administrative Authority (CAA) (wllich, for electricity development projects, is Ute Egyptian Electricity Holding Company (EEHC) of Ute Ministry of Electricity & Energy) or the Licensing Authority (Which, for such type of project in the designated area, is Ute Cairo, Giza, Beni-Sueif and the El-Minya Governorates) in support of any application for a pemlit to develop a transmission line and substations. TI1e Screening Fonn "B" should be supported by relevant drawings and basic data of Ute project and may be supported, also, by a scoped EIA for a particular salient aspect. Since Ute proposed transmission line and substations has been categmized as a " B" listed project, a Screening Form "B" has been prepared supported by a Scoped EIA and submitted to Ute EEHC for consideration prior to development of Ute project. TI1e EEHC has submitted Ute documents to Ute EEAA and Ute Envit·onmental Pennit for Ute project was issued by U1e EEAA on 171h September 2012. 2.3.2 IFC/World Bank (WB) Requirement for an EIA TI1e IFC follows a policy wllich stipulates U1at all operations are canied out in an environmentally responsible manner and U1at projects must comply with approptiate IFC guidelines or, if these have not been specifically developed, World Bank guidelines. Tite World Bank sets out its procedures and policies with regard to conducting envit·onmental assessment ill Opemtional Directive 4.01, Annex E, 1999: Euvironmeutal Assessment (October 1999). Annex E of the Directive identifies the process by wllich Ute level of investigation required in Ute environmental assessment is detemlined. It provides an illustrative list of Category " A" developments which require a full EIA, wllich includes themtal and hydro power projects, Also, Ute Envit'Ot1lllental Assessment is to be guided by the World Bank1s Pollution Prevention and Abatement Handbook 1998, in addition to Ute World Brulk•s Operational Policies (OP 4.01), June 2001. TI1e World Batlk includes environmental impact assessment as an integral part of Ute evaluations it perfom1s before financing a proposed project. The World Bank's Operational Policy 4.01 (October 3, 1991 and its updates, 1999) provides guidance on the types of assessments that should be performed for different types of projects, and on Ute scope and content of Utose assessments. According to ESIA for Hclwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Intcrcounection Project CH 2-Pag~ 4 of 51 May 2013-Project No_ 1750- HP ECG&-~~ '$\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Operational Directive 4.01, transmission lines and substations projects, as classified Category (B) projects, require an EA- the scope of which may vary from project to project but is narrower U1an the EIA required for Category (A) projects. World Bank 'E nvironmental Safeguard Policies provide 10 potential issues U1at may need to be considered in an EA, depending on the specific characteristics of each project. No safeguard policies were triggered except for U1e Environmental Impact Assessment (OP 4.01) and the Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12). Annex B to Operational Directive 4.01 provides an outline of the information Ulat should be included in an EA. Tins Environmental and Social Impact Assessment follows the scope of Annex B. In addition to environmental impact assessment guidelines, U1e World Bank has established guidelines concerning air pollution and water pollution fom1 construction projects (Pollution Prevention and Abatement Handbook-Part ill (July 1998)). l11e guidelines were officially published in 1988; since U1en, several sets of revisions l1ave been proposed, most recently on March 22, 1996. Tile most recent update of the World Bank Guidelines, issued in 2008 has been considered. World Bank's Pollution Prevention and Abatement Handbook-Part lli (July 1998) also, provides wiU1 principles of construction pollution management, monitoring and air emission & effluent discharge requirements presented in the construction Guidelines. Public Consultation Process has been designed in accordance wiU1 World Bank Guidance for U1e Preparation of a Public Consultation and Disclosure Plan (January 1996); OU1er international banks and fu1ancing institutions also follow a similar approach and use U1e World Bank guidelines as a benchmark for U1e enviJ:onmental assessment of international power projects prior to provision of fulance. Hence, an EIA of similar scope is likely to be required to obtain. commercial funding for U1e power projects from regional and/ or international institutions (such as KFAED, AFESD, ... ,etc.). 2.4 SCOPE OF THE EIA The Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA) has published guidelines which require that certain information is provided in an EIA report (i.e. specified information). TI1e requirements for the scope of the EIA under Egyptian and WB procedures, as described in Section 1.2, include the following: • description of the proposed project; • description of the baseline environment at U1e site; ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Ptoject CH 2-Page 5 of 51 May 2013-Project No_ 1750-HP ECG&-.k.Vilb00 ~v ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA • identification of the environmental standards w hich will be applied to the project, including those applying to protection ·of ambient environmental quality and specific conditions on the construction and operation of the project; • identification of potential environmental impacts associated with the project; • desaiption of alternatives to the project, in terms of options for electricity supply in Egypt, design of the project and operating systems; • development of proposals for mitigation and management of any potential environmental impacts; • description of monitming plans proposed to provide surveillance of the environmental impacts of the project dming construction or operation; and • demonstration ti1at consultations with interested parties have been carried ou t as part of the EIA process. h1 addition, Egyptian and IFCJ World Bank guidelines specify ti1e broad organization of ti1e EIA report, requirement for a non-technical summary for local, especially public, infom1ation and clear referendng of sources of data used in ti1e assessment. ·2.5 REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING TI1e guidelines for EIA produced by ti1e EEAA specify that the project should demonstrate compliance witi1national, regional and local development plans witi1 respect to tile following key aspects: • Land use planning and control; • New industrial zones, and surrounding developments; • Siting; • Protection of environm.entally sensitive areas; and • Protection of endangered species. While tile site of ti1e Helwan Souti1 Power Project lies in the Giza Governorate at Dayr Al-Maymoun, the proposed 5/Ss sites lie on a land planned for ti1e development of substations facilities by boti1 of tile Cairo and ti1e El-Minya Governorates and allocated to ti1e EEHC and EETC at ti1e Zaluaa El-Maadi and Samallout areas, respectively . The h·ansmission line extends from Zaluaa El- Maadi to Helwan Souti1 and from Helwan Souti1 to Samallout across tile River Nile banks (about 12% of its lengti1 from ti1e Nile Banks to Samallout) witilin cultivated lands and the rest (88 %) runs witilin a bare, uncultivated and uninhabited desert land. TI1e h·ansnlission line' s route is planned to be extended from Zaluaa El-Maadi to Samallout tiuough Helwan South power project and approved for development by all the Governorates Auti1orities, wllich it rmlS tluough their lands. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 2-Page 6 of 51 May 20 13-Project No. 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA 2.6 INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS / GUIDELINES 2.6.1 Introduction The Egyptian and IFCJWorld Bank environmental standards and guidelines relevant to the conshuction and operation of the TLs & SfSs cover the following issues: • Atmosphelic emissions and ambient air quality. • Liquid effluent discluu:ges to the surrounding environment. • Noise emissions and ambient noise levels. • Solid waste management. • Hazardous waste management. • Operation management: health and safety, air quality and noise levels. • Conshuction management. • Other environmental management issues. The Egyptian standards have been drawn from the range of provisions in Law 4,11994 mtd Law 9/2009 aud the P1"ime M inister's Dea-ee No. 338 of 1995, and its modifying Decree No. 1714 of 2005, which promulgate the Executive Regulations of Law 4,11994 and Law 9/2009 and tlzeir amendments, as well ns iu tlze otlzer pertainiug laws. The equivalent international guidelines have been taken ft·om the IFC Pollution Preventiou and A batement Handbook - Pm·t III (July, 1998). Supplementary to the guidelines set out in the IFC Pollution Prevention and A batement Handbook, reference has also been made to ti1e World Bank guidelines as set out in the World Bmtk Envimnment, Henltl1 aud Snfeh; Guideliues (1994) and ti1eir updates of 2007 and 2008. 2.6.2 Atmospheric Emissions and Ambient Air Quality The Egyptian Government and IFCjWorld Bank have established ambient air quality standards applicable to power projects. The Egyptian standards and tile IFCJWB guidelines on ambient air quality are shown in Table 2-2. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 2-Page 7 of 51 May 2013-Ptoject No. 1750-HP ECG(;t.kViLl~ (;$\!. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Table2-2 Ambieut Air Quality Guideliues (pgm-3) (Maximum Limits as per the Law 4/1994 and the Law 9/2009, Executive Regulations, Annex 5- PMD* no. 1095/2011) WB Pollutant Averaging Period Egyptian Standards Guidelines Nitrogen oxides (NOx) 1 how· 300 No Limit 24hours 150 150 1 year 80 100 Sulfur dioxide (S02) 1 hour 350 No Limit 24hours 150 150 1 year 60 80 Carbon monoxide (CO) 1 hour 30,000 - 8 hours 10,000 - Ozone 1hour 200 - 8 hours 120 - TI10racic particles (PMto) 24hours 150 150 1 year 100 so Total suspended particles 24hours 230 230 1 year 125 80 Suspended Particles 24hours 150 - measured as Black Smoke 1 year 60 - Lead 1 year 0.5 - (daily average) - in urban areas 6months 1.5 (daily average) in industrial areas Notes: (*) PMD =Prime Minister's Decree. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 2 -Pag~ 8 of 51 May 20 13-Proj~ct No. 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Egyptian standards and IFC/World Bank guidelines require the Developer to ensure that emission levels (or leakage) during construction and operation do not exceed set maximum limits for pollutant concentrations. Egyptian guidelines for vehicles used for project construction and operation on the maximum limits for pollutants in emissions to the air are shown in Table 2-3 (A & B). Table 2-3 (A) Maximum Atmospl1eric Emission Guidelines (in Case of using Standby Generator for Electricity) (mg/Nm 3) C n) (Maximum Limits as per the Law 4/1994 and the Law 9/20fJ9, Executive Regulations, Annex 6- PMD no. 1095/2011) Egyptian Standards WB!bl Guidelines Pollutant (Law 9/2009) (Dec.19, 2008) Nib·ogen Oxides (NOx) Gas 600mg/m5 200mg/ Nms (spark Ignition) (400 mgj Nm3 (Dual Fue}ldl) [Natural Gas] Diesel Oil (Sollat:) 600mg/m5 (NDA&DA) l 1,460 to 2,000 mg/ m3(< [Liquid Fuels] Sulfur Dioxide (SOa) Gas 100mg/m5 Nj A<•l Diesel Oil (Sollar) 400mg/m5 1,170 mgj Nm' or se of 2% or less 5 fuel (NDA)< fl se of 0.5% or less 5 fuel (DA)W Pcu·ticulate Matter (PM) Gas 50mg/m5 / AI•l Diesel Oil (Sollar) 100mg/m5 50 (1'-.lDA) 30 (DA) Suspended Ashes Sources in urban cu·eas or near 250mg/ms - residential cu·eas (hi 500mg/m3 - Sources far from inhabited urban areas (i) Ccu·bon Monoxide (CO) Gas 150mg/m5 /A Diesel Oil (Sollar) 250mg/ms Nf A Notes: (a) The Egyptian regulations for fuel burning sources (Law 4, Article 42) do not specifically state whether emission limits refer to emission wtder standard or actual flow conditions. For consistency with other standards it has been assumed that the limits refer to standard flow conditions. (b) World Bank guidelines should be achieved for 95% of the operating time of a plant. (c) 1,460 (compression ignition, bore size diameter (mm) <400); 1,850 (compression ignition, bore size diameter (mm) ~400); and 2,000 (dual fuel). (d ) MWtn • Megawatt thermal input on HHV basis. (e) N/ A -Not Available. (f) DA• ot Degraded Airshed. (g) DA - Degraded Airshed. (h) Law 4, Article 42 states that emissions of suspended ashes in urban f residential areas should not exceed Ringlemann Chart 1, which Article 42 states is equivalent to an emission concentration of 250 mg/ m3. (i) Law 4, Article 42 states that emissions of suspended ashes far from inhabited areas should not exceed Ringlemann Chart 2, which Article 42 states is equivalent to an emission concentration of 500 mg/ m3. ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 2-Page 9 of 51 May 2013 -Project No. 1750-HP ECG&-~~~v ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Table 2-3 (B) Vellicles(") Powered by· Gasoline (Maximum Limits as per the Law 4/ 1994 and the Law 9/ 2009, Executive Regulations, Annex 6- PMD no. 1095/ 2011} From 2010 and Before2003 From 2003 to 2009 Production beyond HC part per co HCparlpe!r co HC partpe!r co million % million ·~ million ·~ The maximum limit 600 4 300 1.5 200 1.2 Notes: (*) Measw ·ements must be carried out at idle speed of 600 to 900 rotations per minute. Velticles Powered by Diesel Fuel (Maximum Limits as per the Law 4/ 1994 and the Law.9/ 2009, Executive Regulations, Annex 6- PMD no. 1095/ 2011} Year of manufacture Before2003 From 2003 and beyond (Model) Smoke density factor K(m·1} 2.8 2.65 Law 4/1994 and Law 9/ 2009 also applies specific conditions to the burning of fuels, as follows: • Fuel / air mixtmes and the combustion process should provide full burning of U1e fuel. • l11e use of mazout and heavy oil is prohibited in residential areas. • The Sulfm content of fuels is restricted to equal or less U1at1 1.5% in or near urban atld residential ru.·eas. l11e use of high Sulfur content fuels is permissible in regions far from inhabited urbatl areas provided that suitable atmospheric factors ru.·e present and adequate distances are observed to prevent U1ese gases from reaching residential and agricultural areas atld watercourses. • Emissions of flue gases should be through stacks of sufficient height to ensure U1at U1e gases are·dispersed before reaching ground level. • When burning fuel, stack height should reflect U1e volumetric flow of flue gases. Law 4/1994 and Law 9/ 2009 state that for emission rates of 7,000- 15,000kg lu-t the stack height should be between 18-36m. If emission rates exceed 15,000 kg hr1, U1en the stack height should be at least 2.5 times U1e height of SW'l'Omlding buildings. IFCJWB guidelines reinforce the Egyptian requirement by requiring fuel combustors to use stack heights not less U1an the Good Engineering Practice values. ESIA for Helwan South Pow~ Plant Transmission Lin~ Int~connection Project CH 2 -Pag~ 10 of 51 May 20 13-Project No. 1750 - HP ECGtt~~(p\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA 2.6.3 Liquid Effluent Discharges Law 4/1994 and Law 9/2009 states that all establishments are prohibited from polluting the marine environment. Subsequently, no pemlit will be granted for an establishment on, or near, tl1e coastline, which may result in discharges of polluting substances. Annex 1 of the Execu tive Reguln~ions of Law 4/1994 and Law 9/2009 and their amendments sets out the Egyptian standards concerning the concentration of pollutants in effluent discharged to the marine environment. A selection of the standards is shown in Table 2-4. In addition, the table also presents the equivalent World Bank guidelines. It should be noted that WB guidelines relate to all liquid effluent discharges, not solely to those to the marine environment. Decree No. 8 of 1983 promulgating the Implementary Regulations of the Law 48 of 1982 regarding the protection of tl1e River Nile and waterways from pollution provides tl1e standards set by the Ministry of Healtl1 for permits to discharge treated industrial liquid effluents into the fresh water bodies and groundwater reservou:s (Article 61). Table 2-4 presents, also, these standards. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 2-Page 11 of S I May 201 3-Project No. 1750-HP ECGC:t);V1JJ~~tr. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Table 2-4 Water Quality Standards and Specifications Mandated by tlte Egyptiau Laws in Comparison witlt f11e World Bank Guidelines (mgl-1) CaJ Standards and Specifications Mandated Limits& World Bank by Law 48/ 1982 Specifications for Wastew ater The maximum limits of constituents in draining and Effluent treated industrial liquid effluents disposing of Guidelin.es discharged to (Art. 61) certain substances (1996) Parameter River Nile from its N ile Branches, main in mandated by Southern Egyptian canals, branch Law 4/ 1994 and Border to the canals, ditches & Law 9/ 2009(a) the Delta Barrages groundwater marine reservoirs environment Tempenture (b) 35"C 35"C Not more than 10 3oC increase degrees over above ambient existing level (b) pH 6-9 6-9 6-9 6-9 Color N o Col. substance N o Col. substance Free of colored a~~;ents Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) 30 20 60 - Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 40 30 100 (Dichromate) Total Dissolved Solids 1200 800 2000 Fixed (Ash of) Dissolved Solids 1100 700 1800 SUSPended Solids 30 30 60 50 Turbidity NTU50 Sulfides 1 1 1 Oils and Grease 5 5 15 10 Hydrocarbons, of oil oriltin 0.5 Phosphates 1 1 5 N itrates • 30 30 40 Phenolates 1 Fluorides 0.5 0.5 1 Aluminum 3 Ammonia (Nitro~~:en) 3 Mercury Compounds 0.001 0.001 0.005 Lead 0.05 0.05 0.5 Cadmium 0.01 0.01 0.05 Arsenic 0.05 0.05 0.05 Chromium, total 0.05 0.05 1 0.5 Copper 1 1 1.5 0.5 Nickel 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.5 Iron 1 1 1.5 1.0 Manganese 0.05 0.05 1 Zinc 1 1 5 1.0 Silver 0.05 0.05 0.1 Barium 2 Cobalt 2 Pesticides 0.2 Cyanide 0.1 Fecal Colifom1 CotUlt (No. in 100ml) 5000 Dissolved Oxygen Organic Nitrogen Total A1ka1ini ty Sulphate Synthetic Detergents 0.05 0.05 Phenol 0.002 0.001 Selenium Chemical Oxv~~:en Demad IPermanr:anatel 15 10 Total Heavy Metals 1 1 - ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 2-Pag~ 12 of 51 May 2013 -Project No. 1750- HP ECG&-~~IP\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Table 2-4 (Contd.) Water Quality Standards and Specifications Maudated by t11e Egyptiau Laws;, Comparison witl1 tile World Bank Guitfeliues (mgf-1) Cn> Standards and Specifications Mandated Limits& World Bank by Law 48/1982 Specificcations for Wastewater The maximum limits of constituents in draining and Effluent treated industrial liquid effluents disposing of Guidelines discharged to (Art. 61) certain substances (1996) Parameter River Nile from its Nile Branches, main in mandated by Southern Egyptian canals, branch . Law 4/ 1994 and Border to the canals, ditches & Law 9/ 2009(a) the Delta Barrages groundwater marine reservoirs environment Total Residual Chlorine(c) 1 1 0.2 (c) Total Coliform (MPN/ lOOm!) Odour Tannin + lignin Carbon derivatives (chlo.r oform) Notes: (a) Units of mgl ·1 unless otherwise stated. (b ) The effluent should result in a temperature increase of no more than 5 oC at the edge of the zone where initial mixing and dilution take place. Where this zone is not defined, use 100 m from the point of discharge when there are no sensitive aquatic ecosystems within this distance. (c) " Chlorine shocking" may be preferable in certain circumstances, which involves using high chlorine levels for a few seconds rather than a continuous low level release. The maximum value is 2 mgl-1 for up to 2 hours, which must not be more frequent than once in 24 hours (and the 24 hour average should be 0.2 mgl·l). Further to these guidelines, Law 4/1994 and Law 9/2009 also applies certain plamling conditions for developments along or adjacent to the coastline: • TI1e discharge of effluents into swimming or fishing zones, or natural reserves, is prollibited to ensure tltat the economic or aesthetic value of tl1e zones or reserves are not compromised. • Any measures wllich are likely to cause changes in tl1e natural coastline (erosion, sedimentation, coastal currents and pollution from t11e project or associated works) are restricted, except wiili tile approval of the CAA. • Any development witllin 200 m of t11e coast (sea shore) must gain approval from tl1e CAA. 2.6.4 Noise Emissions and Ambient Noise Levels Law 4/.1994 and Law 9/2009 stipulate that a Developer must ensure tl1at an establishment is compatible with the character of its setting. Amongst ot11er issues, tllis involves limiting the effect of combined noise from all site sources on t11e surrounding environment to acceptable ambient limits. Guidance levels for ambient noise is dependent upon the land use surrounding the site, and Egyptian ambient noise guidelines are set with respect to five different land use categoties. TI1e Egyptian ambient noise guidelines are shown in Table 2-5, together with t11e related land uses. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 2-Page 13 of 51 May 2013-Project No. 1750-HP ECGC:t~~(p\1. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP s.A. TI1e IFCJWB ambient noise guidelines differ from those of the Egyptian Government in that they only differentiate between two land use categories, as presented in Table 2-6. Table 2-5 EgypHnu Ambient Noise Limits for Intensity iu Different Lnud Use Zones (Maximum Limits as per the Law 4/1994 and the Law 9/2009, Executive Regulations, Annex 7- Table 2- PMD no. 1095/2011) Daytime Ill Night t21 Receptor dB( A) dB(A) Industrial areas (heavy industries) 70 70 Commercial, administrative and "downtown" areas 65 55 Residential areas, including some workshops or commercial 60 50 businesses or on public roads Residential areas in the city 55 45 Areas of sensitivity to noise 50 40 Residential areas on roads of width less than 12m, with some 70 60 workshops, commercial, administrative, or entertainment activities. Notes: (1) Daytime from 7 a.m. to 10 p .m. (2) Night-time from 10 p.m. to 7 a.m. Table 2-6 WB Ambient Noise Guidelines for Iuteusity iu Different Lnud. Use Zones Maximum Allowable LA.eq, 1-hour Recep tor dB(A) (;a) Daytime Night-time 0.7:00 - 22:00 22:00 - 07:00 Residential, institutional and educational 55 45 Industrial and commercial 70 70 N otes: (a) oise abatement measures should achieve either the WB guidelines or a maximum increase of background levels of 3 dB (A). Measurements are to be taken at noise receptors outside the project property bow1dary: ESIA for Helwan South Pow~ Plant Transmission Line Int~connection Project CH 2-Page 14 of 51 May 20 13-Project No. 1750- HP ECG&-~~~\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA 2.6.5 Solid and Hazardous Waste Management Law 411994 and Law 912009 stipulate that handling of hazardous substances and waste is prohibited unless a permit has been issued by the competent authority. TI1e handler of wastes must: • possess a penni.t issued by the appropriate CAA to handle wastes; • store and dispose of wastes in designated sites agreed witi1 the CAA; • maintain appropriate systems of storage, including packaging and labeling, containers and storage duration; • operate appropriate transportation systems to auti1orized disposal sites; • maintain a register of all hazardous wastes and disposal methods; and • develop an emergency plan in case of spillages. Furti1er to ti1e Egyptian guidelines, ti1e World Bank requires that the individual I company conshucting and operating ti1e project must ensure ti1at: • all hazardous materials are stored in clearly labeled containers; • storage and handling of hazardous materials is in accordance with national and local regulations appropriate to ti1eir hazard charactetistics; and • fire prevention systems and secondary containment should be provided for storage facilities, whet·e necessary, to prevent fires or ti1e releases of hazardous materials to ti1e environment. 2.6.6 Occupational Environmental Management and Health & Safety Workplace Air Quality, Temperature nnd Humidity Egyptian regulations require that the developer of ti1e project must ensure ti1at air quality in ti1e workplace is maintained witilin fixed limits. Accordingly, ti1e developer is obliged to etlSme ti1e protection of ti1e work force through implementing health and safety measures on-site, including by ti1e choice of equipment, process substances, types of fuels, ventilation of working areas or oti1er air cleaning methods. TI1e IFCIWorld Bank requires that any individual I company managing or operating a development project must: • conduct periodic monitoring of ti1e workplace air quality witi1 respect to air contanlinants relevant to employees tasks; • maintain Vetltilation and air contanlinant control, and provide protective respiratmy and air quality monitoring equipment; and ESIA for He!wan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 2-Page 15 of 51 May 2013 -Project No. 1750-HP ECG&-~~~v ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA • ensure that protective respiratory equipment is used by employees when levels of welding fumes, solvents and other materials exceed international, national or local accepted standards. Egyptian and IFCJWorld Bank threshold limit values for carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and particulate in ti1e workplace are provided in Table 2-7. In addition to air quality, under Law 4/ 1994 and Law 9/2009, ti1e developer of ti1e project must also ensure ti1at temperature does not exceed maximum and minimum permissible limits, as set out in Table 2-8. In case of work in temperatures outside ti1ese limits, ti1e developer must provide suitable acclimatization to workers and/ or protective measures. Table2-7 Egyptian and World Bank Air Quality Guidelines in the Workplace (Maximum Limits as per the Law 4/ 1994 and the Law 9/ 2009, Executive Regulations, Annex 8- PMD no. 1095/ 2011) WB Atmospheric Pollutant Egyptian Guidelines <..> Guidelines Carbon monoxide 55mgm-3 29mgm-3 Nih·ogen dioxide 6mgm-3 6mgm·3 Sulfut· dioxide Smgm-3 5mgm·3 Particulate !bl lOmgm-3 lOmgm-3 Notes: (a) Egyptian air quality guidelines in the w orkplace are determined by exposure time. Readings provided are " mean time", the limit to which workers are exposed during a normal w orking day. (b) Inert and nuisance dust Table 2-8 Egyptian Mm.imum Air Temperature Limits (aJ (Maximum Limits as per the Law 4/ 1994 and the Law 9/ 2009, Executive Regulations, Annex 9- PMD no. 1095/ 2011) Type ofWork Low AirFlow High Air Flow Light 30.00C 32.2oC Medium 27.80C 30.5°C Hard 26.10C 29.8°C Notes: (a) In periods of high temperature, w orkers should be monitored. N o w orker should w ork be exposed to heat stress (above 24.50C for women and above 26.1 oc for men) for more than one continuous hour or one intermittent hour in everx two, w ithout acclimatization. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmissiou Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 2-Pag., 16 of 51 May 20 13-Project o. 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Workplace N oise Law 4/1994 and Law 9/2009 restricts noise in the workplace to within limits of intensity and exposure time. Egyptian guidelines are shown in the following tables: • Table 2-9 presents occupational noise guidelines with respect to continuous exposure to noise below90 dB (A) . • Table 2-10 presents occupational noise guidelines with respect to pemlitted exposure peliods to continuous noise in excess of 90 dB (A). • Table 2-11 presents occupational noise guidelines with respect to exposure peliods to intermittent noise. It has been assumed that these limits apply at worker positions and will be generally free field noise levels. In addition to U1e Egyptian guidelines, U1e World Bank guidelines require U1at U1e individual/ company managing or operating a development project must ensure U1at: • noise in work areas is reduced by using feasible administrative an.d engineeting controls (including sound-insulated equipment and control rooms); • good maintenance practices to nlinimize noise production from equipment; and • persmmel use hearing protection equipment when exposed to noise levels above 80 dB (A). Table 2-9 Egyptian Guidelines for Mnximum Penuissible Limns of Noise inside P lnces ofWork< •Jnnd indoor Premises (Maximum Limits as per the Law 4/1994 and the Law 9/2009, Executive Regulations, Annex 7- Table 1-PMD no. 1095/2011) Proposed Maximum Limit Exposure No. Place and Activity of the Level of Noise duration Equivalent to dB LAeq (Hour) 1 (a) Workplaces (workshops and factories) 90 8 and the like with shifts up to 8 hours (for the establishments licensed before 2011)<·> . (b) Places of work (workshops and factories) 85 8 and the like with shifts up to 8 hours (for the establishments to be licensed starting from2011). ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 2-Page 17 of 51 May 2013-Project No. 1750-HP ECGb-~~VS'tr. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S A Table 2-9 (Contd.) Egyptinn Guidelines for Mn:rimum Pennissible Limits of Noise inside Places ofWorT..1'! nnd indoor Premises (Maximum Limits as per the Law 4/ 1994 and the Law 9j 2(X)9, Executive Regulations, Annex 7- Table 1-PMD no. 1095/ 2011) Prop osed Maximum Limit Exposure No. Place and Activity of the Level of Noise duration Eq uivalent to dB LAeq (Hour) 2 Closed halls for weddings and parties 95 4 (Provided that this level shall not go beyond the boundaries of the hall). 3 Administrative offices - workrooms for the 65 - computer units and the like. 4 Workrooms for activities which require 60 - routine mental concentration - public spaces in banks - control rooms of the industrial activities - restaurants and cafeterias. 5 Hospitals and clinics, public libraries, 45 - museums, post offices, courtrooms, mosques and places of worship. 6 Universities, schools, inside classes 40 - nurseries, institutes and the like Play areas and 55 - educational building yards 7 Residential building inside living rooms 50 - - hotels and the like inside bedrooms 35 - Notes: (*) With regard to item No. 1 (a and b), the exposure duration shall be reduced to the half with the increase of the level of noise at 3 dB (A) in order not to harm the sense of hearing along with wearing the approp riate ear plugs. TI1e instantaneous level of noise during the period of work shall not exceed 135 dB (A). TI1e noise shall be measured inside the workplaces and indoor places at the level of LAeq in accordance with the international specifications ISO 9612/ 150 1996 (Parts 1 and 2) or the Egyptian specifications No. 2836 (Parts 1 and 2) and o. 5525 issued in this respect. TI1e equivalent noise level LAeq is the average of the equivalent sound pressure at the measurement level (A) within a specified petiod of time. It is expressed in decibels. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 2-Pag., 18 of 51 May 2013- Proj ~ct No. 1750 · HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA T able 2-10 Egyptian Guidelines on Periods of Exposure to Noise (Maximum Limits as per the Law 4/ 1994 and the Law 9/ 2009, Executive Regulations, Annex 7-Table 1-PMD no. 1095/ 2011) N oise Inten sity Period of Exposure p er D ay (dB (A)) (Hours) > 90-95 4 >95-100 2 >100-105 1 >105-110 0.5 >110-115 0.25 Table 2-11 Egyptian Guidelines on Pennissible Limits Concerning Iutermittent Noise Inside t11e Workplace (Maximum Limits as per the Law 4/ 1994 and the Law 9/ 2009, Executive Regulations, Annex 7-Table 1- PMD no. 1095/ 2011) N oise Intensity Number of Permissible N oise Events (dB(A)) During N ormal Working H ours 135 300 130 1,000 125 3,000 120 10,000 115 30,000 Electrical Safety in tl1e Workp lace The Egyptian Code of practice of elecb.ical safety in power systems (issued by the EEHC) requires that any power project management, and U1e IFCJWorld Bank requires U1at any individual f company managing or operating a development project, must ensure U1at: • Shict procedures are provided and followed for de-energizing and checking elechical equipment before maintenance work. ESIA for Hdwan South Pow~ Plant Transmission Line Int~connection Project CH 2-Page 19 ofSI May 2013-Project No. 1750-HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA • Strict safety procedmes are implemented, including constant supervision, when performing maintenance work on energized equipment. • Personnel training is provided on revival teclmiques for electrocution. Working in Confined Spnces The Egyptian Industrial Codes (issued by the Ministry of Industry (as was)) and the IFC/World Bank require that U1e individual I company managing or operating an industrial facility must ensme that: • Prior to entry and occupancy, all confined spaces must be tested for the presence of toxic, flammable and explosive gas or vapors and lack of oxygen. • Adequate ventilation is available in any confined working spaces. • Personnel working in confined spaces that may become contaminated or deficient in oxygen are provided with air-supplied respirators. • Observers are stationed outside when personnel are working in confined spaces which are likely to become contaminated or to be affected by a shortage of air supply. Genernl Henltlt nnd Safety The Egyptian Industrial Codes as well as U1e Labour Law no. 12 of the year 2003 and its Executive Regulations promulgated by Ministerial Decree no. 21112003 and U1e IFC/World Bank require U1at the individual I company managing or operating an industrial facility must ensure that: • Sanitary facilities are well equipped wiU1 supplies and employees should be encomaged to wash frequently, particularly those exposed to dust, chemicals or paU1ogens. • Ventilation systems are provided to control the temperature and humidity of working areas. • Personnel working in high temperatures or humidity are allowed frequent breaks away from U1ese areas. • Pre-employment and periodical medical examinations are conducted for all personnel and swveillance programs instituted for pers01mel potentially exposed to toxic or radioactive substances. • Personnel ru:e protected by shield guard or guard railings from all belts, pulleys or gears and oU1er moving parts. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 2 -Pag~ 20 of 51 May 20 13-Project No_ 1750 - HP I..._____ __ ECG &-Ai/.W~ '$\J. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP sA • Elevated platfomlS, walkways, stairs and ramps are equipped with handrails, toeboards and non-slip surfaces. • Electrical equipment is "earthed", well insulated and conforms with applicable codes. • Persotmel use special footwear, masks and clothing when working in areas with high dust levels or contaminated with hazat·dous materials. • Employees are provided with appropriate protective equipment when working near molten or high temperature materials (protective equipment may include, amongst others, non-slip footwear, safety glasses, etc). • Employees weat· eye protective measures when working in areas at risk of flying chips or sparks or where bright light is generated. • Employees weat· protective clothing and goggles in at·eas where cmTosive materials are stored or processed. • Approptiate eyewash and showers are installed in areas containing cotTosive materials. • A safety program is implemented and regular drills are conducted . Personnel Trnining Law 4/1994 atld Law 9/2009, as well as Labour Law 12/2003, stipulate that operators should be trained when using or handling atly hazardous waste materials. In addition, the EEAA Master Plan for Solid & Hazardous Waste Management and the IFCjWorld Batlk require that U1e individual / company matlaging or operating a development project must ensure U1at: • employees at·e trained on U1e hazards, precautimlS, and procedures for U1e safe storage, handling and use of potentially hatnlful substances; • h·aining incotporates infmmation from U1e "Material Safety Data Sheets" (MSDSs) for potentially hatmful matetials; and • personnel at·e trained wiU1 regard to environmental healU1 and safety matters, including accident prevention, safe lifting practices, U1e use of MSDS safe chemical handling practices and proper conh·ol and maintenatlce of equipment and facilities. ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 2-Page 2l of 5l May20 13·Project No. l750·HP · ECG b',k.Vil~ ~PI!. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Monitoring aud Record Keeping and Reporting Law 4/1994 and Law 9/2009, Articles 17 & 18, as well as Labour Law 12/2003, require, for industrial facilities, the operator monitors the site in order to optimize performance. Direct measurement of atmospheric concentrations of pollutants in the exhaust gas is required. Averaging times for direct emissions should be based on regular based measurements. Law 4/1994 and Law 9/2009 and Labour Law 12/2003 also stipulate that the developer of the development project should maintain an Environmental Register of written records with respect to the environmental impacts from the establislunent:. 1l1e written records should identify the characteristics of discharges and emissions, details of periodic testing and its results, procedures of follow-up environmental safety, and the name of the person in charge of follow- up. The developer of the development project, or its representatives, are responsible for informing the EEAA of any emitted or discharged pollutants deviating from presclibed standards and any appropriate procedures taken to rectify them. Also, the IFCjWB guidelines require the operator monitors the site in order to optimize perfotn1ance. Direct measurement of atmospheric concentrations of particulate matter, NOx and S02 and heavy metals in the exhaust emissions is preferable. Averaging times for direct emissions should be based on an hourly rolling average. Law 4/1994 and Law 9/2009 also, as well as IFC/WB guidance, requires the developer/ operator to monitor fl1e wastewater discharges. The parameters to be examined and sampling frequency are set out in Table 2-12. Table 2-12 EEAA and World Bank Requirements for Monitoring Wastewater Discharges Parameter Proposed Monitoring Frequency pH Continuous Temperature Continuous Suspended solids Daily Oil and grease Daily Residual chlotine Daily Heavy metals Monfluy OU1er pollutants Monfluy ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 2 -Pag~ 22 of 51 May20 13-ProjectNo. l 750 -HP ECG&-~~ ;p\J. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA In addition, the EEAA and the IFC/WB require that the individual j company managing or·operating an industtial facility must: • maintain records of significant environmental matters, including monitoring data, accidents and occupational illnesses, and spills, fires and other emergencies; • infmmation from the above is reviewed and evaluated to improve ti1e effectiveness of ti1e environmental, health and safety program; and • submit an annual summary of recorded infotmation to the EEAA (and to ti1e WB if involved). 2.6. 7 Construction Management Law 4/1994 and Law 9/2009 require ti1at guidelines on environmental management and protection, including those related to noise, land, aquatic and atmosphelic pollution, waste n1a11agement and healti1 and safety must be adhered to during the construction process. In particular, when handling and stoling soils and wastes dtuing construction, all organizations and individuals must ensure ti1at storage and tt·ansportation is undertaken in such a manner to minimize escape or dispersion into ti1e environment. 2.6.8 Other Environmental Issues Pestiddes n.ud Chemical Compounds Law 4/1994 and Law 9/2009 state ti1at spraying of pesticides or oti1er chemical compotmds is prohibited except after complying with ti1e conditions, nomlS and guarantees set by the Ministry of Agticulture, the Ministty of Healti1 and ti1e EEAA. TI1e conditions for such use are as follows: • Notification to ti1e healti1 and vete1inary units of ti1e types of sprays being used and antidotes before spraying. • Provision of necessruy first aid supplies. • Provision of protective clotiling and matelials. • Wruning of the public in spraying areas. • Training of laborers conducting ti1e spraying. Otl1er Cl1emicn.ls TI1e EEAA and ti1e IFC/WB require that the individual f compru1y managing or operating an indus mal facility must ensure ti1at: ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 2-Page 23 of 51 May 2013-Project No_ 1750-HP ECG&-~~Vs'v ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA • use of f01mulations containing chromate's is avoided; • transformers or equipment that either contain polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) or use PCB-contaminated oil are not installed; • processes, equipment and central cooling systems that use or potentially release chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), including Halon, are avoided; • storage and liquid impoundment areas for fuels and raw and in-process matetials, solvents and wastes and finished products are designed in such a way to prevent spills and the contamination of soil, groundwater and surface waters. 2.7 NATIO NAL LEGISLATION ON NATURAL PROTECfORATES Law No. 102/1983 "on the Natural Protectorates". Plime Minister's Decree No. 1067/1983 on "Execution of some Articles of the Law 102/1983". Plime Minister's Decree No. 240/ 1990 on "Issuance of Internal Regulation for Natural Protectorates Fund". 2.8 INTERNATIO NAL AND REGIONAL CO NVENTIONS RELATED TO PRESERVING BIODIVERSITY Since 1936, Egypt always participates as party in tile main intemational and regional conventions and agreements. Before ratification of tile UNCBD, Egypt ratified many agreements and conventions including: • Convention on the preservation of fawta and flora in their natural state, London, 1933 (ratified in 1936). • Agreement on establishing general fisheries council for tile Mediterranean, Rome, 1951. • International Plant Protection Convention, Rome, 1953. • International Convention on preventing oil pollution into the seas, London, 1963. • Phyto-sanitary Convention for Africa, Kinshasa, 1968. • African Convention on tile Conservation of Nature and Natural Resoun:es, Algeria, 1968 (ratified in 1972). • Convention for tile Protection of tile Mediterranean Sea against pollution, Barcelona, 1976 (ratified in 1978) • Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild FaWla and Flora (CITES), Washington, 1973. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 2-Pag~ 24 of 51 May20 13-ProjectNo. l750-HP I ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA. • Protocol concerning Mediterranean, especially protected areas. Geneva, 1983 (ratified in 1986) • Convention on Wetland of Intenational Importance, especially Waterfowl Habitat (RAMSAR), (Rasmsar, Iran, 1972), (ratified in 1988). • Convention of the Conservation of the Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS), Bonn, 1979 (ratified 1982). • Regional Convention for the Protection the Environment of tl1e Red Sea and Gulf of Aden. Jeddah, 1990. • Convention on Biological Biodiversity, Rio de Janeiro, 1992. (ratified in 1994) . After ratification of the UNCBD Egypt involved in some ot11er related agreements and conventions such as: • Agreement on the Establishment of the Near East Plant Protection Organization, Rabat, Morocco, 1993 (ratified in 1995). • h1ternational Tropical Timber Agreeme11t. Gel1eva, 1994 (ratified in 1996) . • Protocol concerning specially Protected Areas and Biological Diversity in t11e Mediterranean, Barcelona, 1995. R elevant lntemaHonal Conventions Egypt is signatmy to eight inteinational conventions with ramifications for t11e environmental protection. These inten1ational conventions are listed below: International Convention I Convention for the Control of Trnnsbozmdnry Cotultries complying with this convention should report in advance Movements of Hazardous W astes and tlu:i1· Disposal the status of the materials carried on board and the cotultries through (Basel Conven tion 1989). which it will be passing. Couven tion on Biodive1·sily (Rio, 1992). Conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable use of its components, and rights O\ er genetic resources. Conven tion on Conservation of M igm tory Protects species migrating across or outside national botuldaries by Species of Wild A nimals (CMS, Bomz 1979). developing coopera~ve agreements, prohibiting taking of endangered species, conserving habitat and controlling other adverse factors. Conven tion on In tema tional Trnde of Restricts trade in specimens of species currently threatened with En dange~·ed Species (CITES). extinction or threatened by trade, and permits Egypt to seek cooperation of other nations in restricting trade of its "'rildlife. 2.9 LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK FOR RESEmEMENT IN EGYPT Resettlement and land acquisition issues under the proposed Project and subsequent subprojects will be addressed tmder tl1e guidance of tl1e laws governing the Arab Republic of Egypt to tllis regard and the World Bank's OP 4.12. The RPF represents the reference to be used in managing land acquisition issues and addressing tl1e involuntary resettlement and displacement of people ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 2-Page 25 of 51 May 2013-Project No. 1750-HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA related to WB financed projects. The EETC shall be committed to complying with the national and WB laws and policies and to any future amendments to them. 2.9.1 Institutional Arrangements Property expropriation and compensation in Egypt is initiated and executed at central, local and, stakeholders levels. On the central level, the governmental agency in charge of the implementation of the expropriation acts issued for public interest is the Egyptian General Authority for Land Survey ("ESA"), except for projects handled by other entities pursuant to a law to be issued in this respect. As · mentioned above, ESA is charged with the f01mation of the expropriation and compensation committees. Usually the executing body will be the concerned Ministry or Governorate. Accordingly, this executing agency would be responsible for paying Ute compensation to affected groups Utrough ESA or under its supervision, offering alternative resettlement options, and implementing the resettlement project. On Ute local level, several local departments and directorates are involved in the resettlement program which includes: • Di1·ectomte of Housing and Infrashl.tchtre, Uus department is to be responsible for setting Ute alternative resettlement options for the affected group and participate in all operational procedures concenling defining compensation and setting improvement actions wiUlin informal settlements. • Deparhnent of Physical Planning, Ulis department is to be responsible for preparing Ute detailed plans for areas subjected to resettlement and provide all detailed maps and documents required to define Ute affected groups (e.g, roads tight-of-ways, Set-backs, ..) • Deparhnent of Amlak, is to be responsible for providing all required documents for ownerships or tenure status witllin Ute affected areas witlt all attached llistorical documents for Utose properties Utat show the different transactions of Ute properties. • Deparhnent of umd Su.rve~;ing, is the main responsible body for defining Ute size, area and locations of different ownerships to be affected by Ute resettlement. It is also responsible for defining Ute compensation mechanisms and values in cooperation with ESA and other relevant local bodies. • Deparhnent of Social Affairs, is to be responsible for conducting all field surveys required to define Ute affected groups, Uteir socio-economic status, affordability level, their preference against different resettlement options and compensations mechanisms. AnoUter major role to be played by Utis department is to ntitigate Ute negative impact of resettlement whether during or after resettlement, tlU'ough preparing rehabilitation programs for those affected group, and monitoring the impact of the process. • Department of Legal Affaires, to deal with legal issues related to tenure and ownersltips and resolve dispute between different involved parties ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 2-Page 26 of 51 May 2013-Project No. 1750- HP ECG&-~~:P\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP sA • Head of District where tlze resettlement pmject takes plnce, to manage the overall project On the stakeholders level the relevant NGOs, CBOs and elected councils together with PAPs play crucial roles in ensuring that the participatory decision making, plaruting, implementation and monitoling process is inclusive and transparent. 2.9.2 Government of Egypt Relevant Legislation It is the Govemment of Egypt' s policy to pay compensation or offer assistance to people whose lands and properties are affected by projects undertaken by the Govenunent. This section pertains to the means, causes, and the competent auU1orities enhusted with the implementation of the provisions and rules of U1e administrative law, civil law, in addition to U1e law related to U1e expropriation of private property for public interest. In addition, this section also covers U1e reshictions, the conditions of the legality of procedures applied by U1e administration at its disposal, and the consequences of property expropriation, in addition to U1e legal procedures for U1e possession of ptivate property. 1. Property Rights within the Egyptian Constitution The main objective of U1e state, represented by its executive autholity through U1e issuance of adminish·ative decisions for U1e public benefit, is to achieve public interest. TI1e state (adminish·ative auU1ority) uses vcuious meatlS to exercise Ulis diversified activity U1at is readily perceived in the admitlistrative affairs atld reflected in the legal affairs. TI1e Egyptian Constitution recognizes Uuee main types of ownership. At·tide 29 of the 1971 Constitution provides U1at "Ownershlp shall be under the supervision of the people and the protection of the State. TI1ere are tlu·ee kinds of ownersllip: public ownersllip, co-operative ownersllip atld plivate ownersllip". In accordance wiU1 Article 34 of U1e CotlStitution: "Plivate ownershlp shall be safegucu·ded atld may not be placed under sequestration except in tl1e cases defined by law and in accordance with a judicial decision. It may not be expropriated except for the general good and against a fair compensation as defined by law. TI1e right of inheritcu1ce shall be guaranteed in it." According to Ulis article, it is w1derstood tl1at procedures for private property expropriation cu·e considered to be exceptional. TI1e competent jurisdiction shall be entitled to take cognizance of U1e lawsuits raised by individuals against the admixlish·ation for appropxiate compensatimlS. 2. Land Tenure and Related Laws to Land and Structures Exp rop riation TI1ere are Uuee main forms of land ownership in Egypt: ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 2-Page 27 of 51 May 2013-Project No. 1750-HP ECG&-~~~v ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA a) Public or State landl (in Arabic Amlnk Amiriyn), which is divided into the State' s public domain that cannot be alienated and the State's private domain, which can be alienated generally through sale, lease, Tnkhssiss (i.e. transfer of ownership conditional on meeting certain criteria, such as keeping U1e land use unchanged and paying the remaining installments of U1e land price) or Ulfough Hnq Intifan , b) Private land (in Arabic Mulk hon), which may be alienated/transferred freely, and c) Waqf land (land held as a trust/ endowment for religious or charitable purposes), which is often subject to covenants on transfer or use, and which is typically h·ansferred Ulfough leasehold or usufruct. In addition, U1ere are some areas in Sinai and in U1e northern coast wiU1 impliciUy recognized crtstomnry rights to land to the benefit of Bedouins. In U1ese areas, someone wishing to acquire land often has to make two payments, first to the Bedouin claimant(s) for U1e right of use and then to the State to regularize and register U1eir land tenure/ ownership and be able to obtain services. It is important to note that U1e Civil Code (No. 131 of 1948) recognizes Hiynza (i.e. possession of immovable/movable property wiU10ut ownership) as a legitimate channel to acquire ownership of U1e property in question Ulfough adverse possession, provided that the Hiyazn has been "peaceful, unchallenged and unintenupted" for a petiod of 15 years.2 By Law, ownership Ulfough adverse possession does not, however, apply to State lands. 3. Egyptian Civil Code WiUlin the framework of the Constihltion, tlte Civil Code, in articles 802-805 concemi11~ private propertl/, has recognized U1e private ownership right. Article 802 has stated U1at U1e owner, pw'Suant to the law, has U1e sole right of using and/ or disposing his property. In Article 803, land ownership has been defined as land wiU1 all Ulings above and below it and pursuant to U1e law, U1e property of U1e surface may be separated from U1e property of what is above or below it. Then, Article 805 provides U1at "No one may be deprived of his property except in cases prescribed by law and this would take place with an equitable compensation." 1 The large majority ofland in Egypt is public or State-owned desert land that is for the most part undeveloped (estimated to be 90-95% of the national territory). 2 The Ministry of Local Administration estimates that 15.7 million Egyptians (22.3% of the population) live in 1,105 informal or squatter settlements, called ashwa 'iyar, including unlawful urbanization of agricultural lands, unplanned! unauthorized land subdivisions, and squatting on public or privately-owned lands. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 2-Page 28 of 51 May 20 13-Project No. 1750- HP ECGif~~~\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA 4. Administrative Authority's Decision Making Responsibilities Main relevant laws governing expropriation and consequent compensation procedures include: • Physical Planning Law (Law3f1982) Law No. 3, 1982 for Physical Planning, in its Sixth chapter conceming District Renewal (this also applies for slums' redevelopment or resettlement projects) has obliged the concerned local body entitled to renewal to first plan and prepare the proposed relocation sites where U1e occupants of U1e original area under renewal or redevelopment, would be resettled. TI1e concerned local body should first prepare these relocation sites to be suitable for housing and proceeding different activities of U1e relocates prior to their transfer to U1e new site. Article 40 of U1.is law stated that it is not allowed to commence with U1e resettlement before at least one monU1 from officially notifying the PAPs wiU1 their new destination. Any occupant, who would be subjected to the resettlement and receives a new housing unit, has the 1ight to complain of its unsuitability within 15 days of receiving the notification to a specialized committee fommlated by U1e concemed governor. TI1e committee should reach its decision concenring the complaint within a maximum one monU1 period. However, U1e right to complaint does not include U1e location of U1e new resettlement site, raU1er it is only limited to U1e unit itself. Law 3/1982 allows compensation by: (i) taking the value of the property; or (ii) postponing U1e taking of sucl1 value in full or in part until all or part of the area in question is sold. Alticle 47 of Law 3, 1982 auU1orized U1e concerned Governor to fommlate compensation committee. In addition: • Law 3 of 1982: added to the foregoing list acts aiming at the establishment of green areas and public parking. • P1ime Ministelial Decree No. 160 of 1991 : added to the list U1e establishment of govemmental educational buildings • P1ime Ministerial Decree No. 2166 of 1994:_ added fishery farms established by ministries, govenunental departments, local govemment units, and public auU1.01ities. • Law 557/54, whicl1 was later amended by Law 252/60 and Law 13/62, lays down U1e provisions pe1taining to U1e exprop1iation of real estate property for public benefit and improvement. • Law No. 27 of 1956, which stipulates U1e provisions for expropriation of distlicts for re-plruming, upgrading, and improvement, ru1.d U1e amended and comprehensive Law No.10 of 1990 on the expropriation of real estate . for public interest. ESIA for H~lwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 2-Page 29 of 5 I May 2013-ProjectNo. 1750-HP ECGC:t.:A.iAJJ~ IPV. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S A • Expropriation of Ownership for Public Interest (Law 10/1990) Although, the constitution prohibits U1e expropriation of private property except for public interest against compensation determined pursuant to U1e law, Law 10 of 1990 concerning the Expropriation of Ownership for Public Interest was issued to reflect Utis constitutional mandate. h1 addition, expropriation of property is furU1er regulated by Law 59 of 1979 concerning the Establishment of New Urban Communities and Law 3 of 1982 conceming Urban Planning. The te1m " public interest" in U1e context of expropriation has been defined in Article 2 of Law 10/1990. The Article specifies U1e acts fuat are considered for public interest. l11ese include: • Constructing, widening, improving, or extending roads, streets, or squares, or the construction of new districts. • Water supply and sewage projects, irrigation and drainages projects. • Energy projects. • Construction or improvement of bridges, cross roads for railway and tunnels • Transportation and telecommwtication projects. • Urban planning pmposes and improvements to public utilities. • OU1er acts considered as acts for public interests mentioned in other laws. Article 2 of law 10, 1990, further delegates U1e Cabinet of Ministers to add oU1er acts to U1e foregoing lists. Expropriation may not be limited to those land or buildings direcUy subjected to the previous acts but it could includes also any oU1er neighboring properties U1at are deemed useful for the acts. l11e law furU1er stated U1at expropriation can be exercised only wiUl respect to: • Real property and not movable property. l11e te1m real property means, "Anytlting U1at is fixed in its space affirmed therein, which may not be moved without being damaged." Accordingly, real property includes only land (whether agricultural or vacant, whether in urban or mral areas) and buildings above tltis land. • Real property belonging to private persons (individuals or c01porate) or to State private property. • State public property may not be expropriated; rather U1e concerned administrative parties would enter into an agreement wiU1 respect to such property eiU1er by divesting U1e property in question from its public characterization or by re-appropriating U1e said property to another public use or entity. According to Article 3 of U1e Executive Regulation of Law 10, a comntittee will be f01med to determine tl1e properties required for the public interest. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 2-Page 30 of 51 May 2013 -Project No. 1750 - HP ECG&-M.ALl~ ~$\J. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA. • Article 6 o( Law 10/1990, requires the Minister of Public Works and Water Resources to form a Committee within each governorate to be charged witi1 the detemtination of compensation. Article (20) of Law 10/1990 requires compensation to be determined on the basis of prevailing prices at the date of issuance of ti1e expropriation decree. • Law No. 63 of 1974 concerning safe distances on both sides of transmission lines and prohibited areas around transformers and electrical equipment according to their voltage levels. The general provisions guiding expropriation of private property (according to Law 577/54, Law No. 27 of 1956, Law No. 252 of the year 1960, and Law 577/54) include the following: a. Property expropriation shall be only on tangible real estate property, there shall be no expropliation of movable possessions. b. Applicable only to property privately owned by individuals, tims, public property is excluded from the procedures. c. TI1e expropliation shall include land and constructions (stmctures). d. The purpose of expropriation shall only be for realizing public interest. e. TI1e adntinistrative authority has the right to assess ti1e circumstances related to expropliation as well as the authority for implementation of property expropliation, wltich is justifiable by the objective of acltieving public benefit. TI1e adnmtistrative auti1olity may not be challenged or judged on ti1e grom1ds that it could have chosen more appropriate real estate property to acltieve public benefit than ti1e one ti1at it has already chosen. f. TI1e adntinish·ation shall estimate ti1e area it sees necessary for the establishment of a project. Titis right shall not be only reshicted to the real estate property required for the project; but ti1e legislator empowered the adminish·ation to also include expropriated property. According to Article 23 of Law 577/1954: "If the purpose of the property exprop1iation is the establishment of a squares, sh·eets, or ti1eir expansion, modification, demarcation, or the establishment of a new district, or for its improvement/ upgrading or beautification, or for any healti1 related matter; property expropriation may include, in addition to the real-estate property needed for the project, any other real-estate property which ti1e adntinistration in charge sees to be necessary to acltieve the project's objective or any other property whose current state (whether in size or fom1) is not consistent witi1 the required improvement. ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 2-Page31 ofSI May 2013-Project No. 1750-HP ECG~.:Jl;ViV~~P\1. . ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S A Moreover, the first article of Law No. 27 of 1956 allows for the expropriation of districts for theii· improvement, upgrading, re-planning, and reconstruction. Article 24 of Law 577/54 also stipulates that in case only partial expropriation of real estate property is required, and the remaining un-expropriated part will not be of benefit to the owner; the owner shall be given the right to submit a request within 30 days (begitming from the date of final disclosure of the list of the expropriated property) for the purchase of the entire area. It should be noted that the new law has not restricted the right to request the purchase the remaini11g un-expropriated portion of real estate to buildings only, but it was also extended to include land as well. Law No. 252 of the year 1960, amended by Law 577/54 was promulgated to equilibrate the rights and guarantees for individuals with the rights of the state in expropriating private property. Moreover, this law has stipulated that the assessment of public benefit / interest, which justifies property expropriation, shall be emanated in all cases by a Presidential Decree, while previously it was made by the competent minister. 5. Legal and Administrative Procedures for Transfer of Ownership and Compensation The procedures taken to this regard are administrative, with no judicial interference except in the assessment of the compensation amount. Article 1 of Law 252/60 (amended by Law 577/54) states that the determination of public benefit for the expropriation of private real estate property is subject to Presidential Decree. On U1e other hand, according to Article 2 of Law 27/1956, the detemlli1ation of public interest for the expropriation of districts for re-planni11g and upgrading is subject to a Decree from the Cabinet. Enclosed wiU1 U1e decree is: • A memorandum demonstrati11g that U1e requil-ed project shall be considered of public benefit / interest (to be published with U1e Decree in an official newspaper and in relevant local administrative units). • A map delineating U1e project scope. • Two weeks following the publication and promulgation, U1e official commissioned to U1e expropriation property procedures is pemlitted to enter into U1e real estates to perform the teclmical and swveying operations and all U1e necessary demarcations of the expropliated real estate. The steps for ownersllip transfer are highlighted below: a) Preparation of a census of all property: The census shall be perfmmed by commissions which consist of a delegate of the entity commissioned to ESIA foc Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 2-Page 32 of 51 May 2013-Project No. 1750- HP ECG&-~~!P\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA perfotm U1e exproptiation (i.e U1e Governorate, Ministry of Agriculture, etc.) and one of fue local officials from U1e Governorate. A registered notice shall be sent to notify U1e concerned person. All owners and fuose wifu rights or entitlements to U1e exproptiated property shall meet up wifu U1e commission in the project area during U1e census process in order to guide fue commission members wifu regards to U1eir property rights. The commission shall report the minutes of U1e procedures, which shall include all property and fueir owner names and addresses. The members of fue commission and U1e owners shall sign U1e census report. If anyone refuses to sign, tllis will be noted in U1e minutes of U1e session by justifying U1e reason for refusal. Entering U1e expropriated properties from U1en on shall be subject to fue notification of U1e conce1ned person. b) Preparation of statements and evacuation warnings: The expropriating entity shall prepare statements wiU1 U1e number and types of property fuat shall be expropriated, U1eir size, location, owner's names and addresses, and compensation values (as per · U1e census report). These statements shall be published in an official newspaper. The owners and tenants shall be warned U1at U1ey must evacuate the property wiUlin a period of maximum 5 monU1s. The owners shall be given a period of 30 days (from U1e date of submission of the statements) to present their complaints or grievances regarding the data in the statement. If the complaints were not submitted during Ulis 30-day period, U1e data ·included in the statements shall be considered conclusive and shall not be subject to any litigation or claim, and in Ulis case U1e compensation amounts indicated in the statements shall be sent to the identified owners. c) Transfer of ownersllip: For those owners with no complains or contestations, fue transfer of ownership is simply made by having U1em sign specific fomlS for ownersllip transfer. For property wllicl1 the owners have not signed U1e proper forms, the competent nuruster shall emanate a decision to expropriate U1e property. TI1e forms and U1e Ministe1ial decrees shall then be deposited in U1e relevant Notary Office. This deposit regarding U1e real estates shall generate U1e effects caused by U1e declaration of U1e sale contract. According to it, the property shall be transferred to the administrative authority that expropliates U1e property, and the 1ights incumbent on U1e real estates shall be tratlSferred to U1e compensation amounts. d) Compe11Sation assessment: Property exprop1iation shall only be made against a fair competlSation in accordance to COilStitutional provisions. TI1e legislator has put forth some p1inciples which should be taken into cotlSideration wiU1 regat·ds to compeilSation assessment: I. The compensation assessment for property expropriation shall not include structures, plants I crops, improvements I additions, or tena11t agreements if it has been proved U1at the aforementioned acts were perfmn1ed in order to acquire hlgher compensation. The legislator has provisioned U1at eve1y act taken to Ulis regard, after U1e publication of the decision for expropliation for public benefit in U1e official newspaper, shall be considered as an act perfotmed for ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 2-Page 33 of 51 May 2013-ProjectNo. 1750-HP ECG&-A1t.l~~\/. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA increasing the compensation value. Accordingly, these acts should be ruled out in U1e assessment of the compensation amount (Article 25: Law No. 577 of 1954, and Article 7: Law No. 27 of1956). II. If U1e compensation amount for the un-expropriated part, in projects other U1an urban planning, increases or decreases (due to activities causing general public benefit), U1e increase or decrease in amount should be taken into consideration so that U1e amount to be added or reduced shall not exceed 50% of the compensation value of the expropriated property (Article 19: Law No. 577 of1954). III. If U1e value pf the property subject to expropriation for U1e upgrading or re-planning of districts /cities is increased as a result of U1e implementation of a public benefit project, U1e increase in value shall not be calculated in U1e compensation assessment if the property expropriation is performed wiUlin 5 years from the date of implementation in the previous project (Article 20: Law No. 477 of1954). IV. For real estate subject to improvement due to public benefit works (dishict/city replanning and upgrading projects), U1e owners shall be obliged to pay for the improvements, provided U1at U1e payment does not exceed 50% of U1e actual expenses for establislling or expanding U1e sh·eet or square which resulted in U1e improvement. Tllis provision shall also be applicable if only part of U1e property wiUlin U1e dishict/city re-planning/upgrading projects is expropriated, and the auU1mity in charge has deemed that U1at keeping part of the real estate by the owner does not conflict with U1e purpose of U1e intended project. 1l1e assessment of the aforementioned charges made by U1e auU1ority in charge of organizing affairs shall not be subject to any appeal (Law No. 577 ~{1954) . In order to avoid delays, whicl1 may prevent owners from acqmrmg U1eir compensation in due, time, Law No. 14 of 1%2 has provided for a new provision in Article 21', which states that "Half of U1e value of U1e expropriated property that has entered into U1e improvements areas shall be disbm·sed, while U1e second half of tile value shall be deposited in the h'USt funds of tile competent autllority, until U1e owner submits a certificate issued from U1e competent authority that demonsh·ates the payment in retm'll for U1e improvements made to U1e property. 6. Disputes 1l1e procedures for exproptiation ru·e administrative by nature and usually rapidl implemented. Accordingly, U1e abrogation proceedings, compensation disputes, and all actions related to the expropriation property will not stop U1e expropliation procedm·es nor prevent its consequences; rather, U1e owner's right for compensation is addressed (Article 26: Law No. 577 of 1954). However, the rapidity of U1ese procedures should not prevent the owners ru1d concen1ed persons from claiming and ensuring their rights. Accordingly, U1e legislator has distinguished two·different U1e redress mechanism: ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 2-Page 34 of 51 May 2013-Project No. 1750 · HP I._____ __ ECG&-~~ '$\!. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA 1. For compensations not related to the compensation assessment: Such as those pertaining to U1e actual right of U1e expropliation. In this case, the authority in charge of the expropliation process shall be responsible for investigating these disputes in order to pay U1e due compensation value (A rticle 11: Law No. 11 of 1954 mul Law No. 11 of 1956). 2. Disputes over compensation assessment: These disputes are subject to legal jurisdiction as follows: l11e auU1oiity in charge of U1e exproptiation procedures shall refer the disputes over U1e compensation assessment submitted to court. l11e court shall examine the complaint quickly and its judgment shall be conclusive. 7. Temporary Expropriation of Real Estate The tight of the public authotity to expropriate needed real estate property also includes the tight to temporarily occupy f take over Ulis plivately owned property. Law No. 577 of 1954, Law No. 27 of 1956, and U1e new Law No. 10 of 1990 pertaining to property expropriation, include provisions regarding temporatily occupying property: Summatized below are U1e legal provisions for particular cases: 1. Occupation of Real Estate Property Prior to Expropriation: If U1e administration resorts to interim or temporary occupation of privately owned real estate, the time frame should be identified. However, if U1e temporaty occupation is conclusive, U1e admitlistration shall resort to U1e regular exproptiation procedures (mentioned above). In order to save time, U1e new legislation has allowed U1e administration to occupy ptior to U1e completion of U1e expropriation procedures (A1·ticle 16: Law No. 577 of 1954). According to the amendment of Law No. 252 of 1%0, "except in emergencies and hasty cases U1at require U1e occupation of real estates to perfotm necessaty preparation works, upgrading, atld oU1er work, temporaty occupation of real estate for public benefit is subject to a Presidential Decree (to be published in an official newspaper). The legislator has included some provisions guiding Ulis case: a. l11e administration cannot resort to this before U1e issuance of U1e decision U1at U1~ expropriation of this specific property is considered to be of public benefit. b. l11e real estate owner has U1e light to compensation for not being able to get access or use his f her property, stat·ting from the date of actual occupation w1til U1e payment of U1e due compensation as a result of U1e property expropriation. c. l11e owner of U1e real estate has U1e tight to dispute f contest U1e value of the assessed compensation, for preventing him/ her h·om using or gaitling access to llis f her property, Uu·ough the same ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 2-Page 35 of 5 I May 2013-ProjectNo. 1750-HP ECG&-~~~P\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA process for grievance redress on the assessed compensation for property expropriation. In this case, it will not be allowed to remove any structmes or buildings (which have been occupied) until the re- estimation of value has been conclusively made. d. In the case of expropriation of districts, the property and buildings will not be expropriated until alternative dwellings have been provided for those who lost their homes. e. Temporary Occupation: If the administration needs to manage a real estates for an interim I temporary period that does not justify the expropriation of the property, and accordingly the administration takes over only the management while the ownership remains with its official owner. Summarized below are the legal provisions for two particular cases: • Necessity (Hastiness I Rapidity): As stated in Article 17 " ... in case of sinking, or severing of a bridge, or the outbreak of an epidemic, and in all emergency cases, it is permissible to temporarily take over I occupy the needed real estates to perform reparation works, prevention, or other kinds of work" . • Public Benefit Project: Law No. 577 of 1954 states that the occupation decision in both cases aforementioned shall be issued by the "Director" or U1e Governor (Article 17), while Article 2 of U1e previous law concerning U1e occupation decisions identified U1e Governor as the person in charge issuing temporary occupation decisions in case of emergency I hastiness. In any oU1er case, the aforementioned law designates a Presidential Decree for the implementation of temporary occupation. • ProcedW'es: Real estate temporary occupation only requires that a representative hom the competent entity to identify the type of real estate, size, and condition upon occupation. If this is done, the competent entity is then able to occupy the real estates wiU10ut having to take oU1er measmes." To simplify the procedmes to U1e previous figure, U1at could be justified in the occupation case for emergency or rapidity. • Compensation: Within a week of U1e occupation date, U1e competent auU10lity shall detennine U1e compensation value for U1e concerned persons I owners in return for losing access and use to their property temporarily. The owners shall have U1e light to dispute the assessed compensation as previously noted. • Occupation Period: The maximum peliod for temporary occupation is 3 years, beginning from the actual occupation date. If the administration deemed it necessary to extend U1e occupation period for over 3 years, Ulis may be done Utrough agreement with U1e owner. However, if no agreement is reached the property shall be expropliated and U1e administration shall be responsible for ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 2-Page 36 of 51 May 2013 -ProjectNo. 1750- HP ECG&-~~ '$\f. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA returning the property to the owner in its original status, at the time of occupation, along with compensation for any of spoilage or decrease in its value. 8. Introduction of New Articles to the Law on Property Expropriation for Public Benefit No. 10 of 1990 The legislator deemed it necessary to amend the law to reflect new developments that have occuned, beginning from the administrative decentralization process in the local govemance system and the transformation of many public entities into separate public bodies, each being a separate legal entity, independent from the state, and a budget, independent from fl1e public budget. This law was promulgated when the Egyptian Public Entity for Survey, one of the subsidiary departments for the Ministry of Water Resomces and Irrigation, was U1e competent auU10rity for performing the expropriation procedures. It is required U1at U1e Entity allocate the compensations values in its budget. l11e new amendment of this law states fuat the aufl1ority requesting U1e property expropriation shall be responsible for the payment of compensation value and in representing itself in legal litigations before U1e jwisdiction. Article 2 of fue Law No. 10 of 1990 has identified public benefit activities to be: • Consttuction of roads, streets, squares, or U1eir broadening, modification, paving, or U1e consttucting of entirely new districts. • Sanitary drainage and water projects • hTigation and drainage projects • Electticity I power projects • Consttuction of btidges and the smface pafl1s (slides, lower passages, or modifying U1em) • Transportation projects • Urban I mral platming and improvement of infrasttuctme • All activities U1at are considered to be of public benefit as per any other law • OU1er public benefit activities may be added as per Cabinet of Ministries Decree(s) • The decision ruling public benefit activities shall be in accordance with a Presidential decree and shall have a memorandum of fue project enclosed. l11e new law has introduced I specified, Urrough Article 6, U1e members of U1e compensation assessment commission. The commission is made at the Governorate level, upon a Decree by fl1e Minister of Water Resources a11d Inigation (identified by fue Law as an issuing body), atld consisting of a delegate ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 2-Page 37 of 51 May 2013-Project No. 1750-HP ECG&-~~\!Jr\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA from the Ministry's Surveying Body (as President), a delegate from the Agricultural Directorate, a delegate from the Housing and Utilities Directorate, and a delegate from the Real Estate Taxes Directorate in the Governorate. The compensation shall be estimated according to the prevailing market prices at the time of tile issuance of the Decree for Expropriation. Expropriation Procedures According to ti1e Law 10, 1990 the expropriation procedures involves (i) declaration of public interest pursuant to a Presidential Decree accompanied with a memorandum on the required project and a complete plan for the project and its buildings (Law 59/1979 and Lnw 3/1982 provide tlznt tlze Prime Minister issues the decree) and, (ii) the decree and tile accompanying memorandum must be published in the Official Gazette. A copy for the public is placed in the main offices of the concetned local govetnment unit. Based on these procedures, the operational steps go as.follows: a) The entity requesting the expropriation of the ownership of a real property for public interest ("Expropriating Entity") submits a memorandum with the request to ti1e President or ti1e Prime Minister (if a delegation of auti10rity by the President is granted). The Egyptian General Authority for Land Survey ("ESA") has been defined as the Expropriation Entity, except for projects handled by oti1er entities pursuant to a law to be issued in this respect. b) The memorandum would explain the reasons for the request, stating the compensation to be offered to the concerned owner of ti1e property, together witi1 evidence that ti1e compensation amount has been issued in the form of a bank check in favor of Egyptian General Auti1ority for Land Survey "ESA. c) The compensation is usually determined in accordance to fi1e prevailing price for land SUITound:ing fi1e expropliated land (ti1e market plice). These ptices are taken from recorded contracts in fi1e Real Estate & Authentication Offices. However, usually titis entails a crucial problem ti1at always faces such expropliation projects, as ti1ese plices are, in most cases, not real, since the parties to the contracts usually state lower plices in order to reduce charges and fees decided on ti1e basis of data recorded in the conh·acts. Also it should be noted that ti1e representatives of Egyptian Survey Authmity (ESA) are assumed to be experts in evaluating land plices. d) If approved, ti1e President or the Prime Minister would issue ti1e required decree declaling ti1e property in question approptiated in ti1e public interest and auti1o1izing taking ti1e property pursuant to direct enforcement procedures by ti1e Expropliating Entity. e) Once tile autholizing decree is published, ti1e concerned Expropriating Entity is auti1olized to enter :into ti1e property in question in ti1e case of long-term projects and after giving notice of its intention to do so for other projects. The objective of such immediate auti101ization is to conduct ESIA for Helwan South Power Plan I Transmission Lin~ hllerconnection Project CH 2 -Pag~ 38 of 51 May 2013-Proj~cr No. 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA necessary technical and stuv ey operations, position landmat·ks, and obtain information on the property. f) The Expropriating Entity shall communicate the authorizing decree to ESA, together with the information on the project to be executed and a drawing of the full project and the real property needed in order to take procedures for expropriating the property in question. g) A committee will be f01med to determine the properties required for Ute public interest. llte committee is to be composed of: i. A representative of ESA, ii. A representative of Ute local government unit within which jtu'isdiction the project is located; iii. llte n·eastu·er of Ute local at·ea in question. h) llte committee shall declat·e its activities to the public 15 days prior to Ute commencement of its works. i) The lattd survey department shall verify Ute information collected by Ute committee referred to in Ute preceding paragraph by comparing such inf01mation with Utat found in Ute official records. j) llte General Depat·tment for Appraisal wiUlin ESA shall inspect Ute property of the project in question, exanline and complete Ute appraisal maps attd lists of transactions concerning the property wiUlin the area of Ute project. It shall also prepat-e a consultative report wiUt the estimated compensation for consideration by the Compensation Estimation Committ~ within ESA. · After depositing the compensation amount by Ute Expropriating Entity k) " wiUlin ESA-Ute concemed local office-lists of all real properties attd facilities being identified shall be prepat·ed, their areas, location, descl'iption, names of their owners, and holders of property tights therein, their addresses, and Ute compensation determined by the Compensation Estimation Committee. 1) ESA shall thereafter officially notify Ute property owners, other concemed pat·ties and Ute Expropriating Entity with Ute dates on which the lists prepared in accordance wiUt the preceding paragraph shall be presented to them, at least 1 week pl'ior to such presentation. lltese lists will be posted for a pe1'iod of 1 month in Ute offices of Ute conce1ned local gove1nment tulit and shall also be published in Ute Official Gazette and two widespread daily newspapers. m) Owners of the properties and holders of tights therein shall be officially notified with an evacuation request wiUlin a petiod not to exceed 5 monUts from Ute date of Uteir notification. n) llte holders of rights include: owners of beneficiaty rights, using tights, housing I'ights, mortgaging I'ights, concession tights, hekr I'ight holders o) Comt of Cassation decisions have resolved Utat lights holders are U10se who hold dghts on the tenement and Utat, accordingly, Ute holders of ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line futerconnection Project CH 2-Page 39 of 51 May 2013-Project No. 1750-HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA leasing rights are regarded as right holders since they are holders of personal rights. p) It is further resolved that lease agreements are terminated upon expropriation. Examples are: Court of Cassation, session of 1 January 1981 Tedmical office year 32 and Court of Cassation, session of 25 May 1%7 Tedmical office ye circuit transmission lint> connt>cting South Ht>lwan and Zahraa EI-Maadi substations; iii. A 150 km, 500 kV doublt> circuit transmission line connt>eting Ht>lwan South substation to Samalaut and Assuit substations by an in-and-out connection at Samalaut substation to tht> t>xisting 500 kV Samalaut- Assuit transmission lint>. iv. A 30 km, 500 kV doublt> circuit b·ansmission lint> conucting Zabraa EI- Maadi substation by an in-and-out connt>etion to tht> 500 kV b·ansmission lint> connt>cting Tt>bbt't'n and EI-Sokbna substations Tbt> 500 kV transmission lint> connt>eting Tt>bbt't>n and EI-Sokbna substations is under construction and is financt>d by EETC; and v. Two 165 MVAR, 500kV switchablt> lint> shunt ructon t>ach to bt> installed at Assuit and South Ht>lwan substations. vi. Connecting thrt't' t>xisting 220 kV lint's (Ain Sira/ Tot"& (2x7 km), Cairo t>ast I Basatt't'n (2x5 km), Katamia/ Tt>bt>t>n (15 km)) to Zaht·aa t>l- Maadi ss. It is not foreseen U1at any of U1e activities of U1e transmission line project, or its attachments, would result in involuntary resetUement, particularly wiU1 most of U1e routing paU1ways of U1e main electrical transmission lines (around 88% of its routing pathway) are located wiUlin uninhabited uncultivated State-owned desert lands wiU1 a very limited pieces of land to be occupied by transmission towers' footings against fair compensation and no alternative proposed routing is envisaged as shown clear in U1e map of U1e surveyed routes. Most importanUy, no involuntary resetUement is foreseen due to any activity of U1e transmission line project between Samallout and U1e River Nile (U1e agti.cultural land) because nobody is inhabited on U1e green cultivated areas, but in U1e villages discreted all around. Only crop compensation may be associated wiU1 the project activities wiUlin Utis part of the line route. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ IntercoJlJlection Project CH 4-Page I of28 May 2013-Project No. 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA TI1e cwTent status with regard to transmission lines, substations and access roads is given in U1e following sections. 4.2 PROJECT LOCATION In order to evacuate U1e electrical energy generated at U1e Dayer El- Maymoun, Helwan South into ilie 500 kV backbone network, EETC is planning to interconnect ilie Helwan Souili at Zahraa El-Maady; east of Cairo City, Cairo Govemorate in ilie NorU1 and to Samallout substation at ilie Nile valley in U1e SouU1west, via installing 500 kV parallel lines of 250 km total length, approximately. TI1e souiliem part of ilie line Route starts at Samallout 500 kV SjST on a desert land, U1en goes Uu·ough agricultural area until ilie Nile river. When it crosses ilie Nile it goes to U1e norili direction ilirough desert lands till Helwan SouU1 power project. TI1e noriliem part of ilie line Route starts at Zalrraa El- Maadi SOOkV SjST, east of Cairo City on a desert lands, ilien goes ilirough desert lands to U1e souU1 direction till Helwan Souili power project. When U1e transmission line crosses U1e Nile, it goes close to an asphalt road Urrough the dese1t lands till Helwan South and continues to ilie norili till Zalrraa El-Maady close to an asphalt road Urrough U1e desert lands, too. TI1e desert segment of U1e transmission line route is approximately 88% of U1e totallengU1 of U1e line, while U1e remaining 12% lies on cultivated lands at Samallout area. Concerning U1e transmission line, only small pieces of land for U1e transmission line's towers' footings all along U1e route will be acquired. TI1e land requirements are likely to be limited. No land acquisition is associated wiU1 around 88% of U1e entire route as it passes Urrough w1inhabited, uncultivated, State-owned desert land. The same as for the 30 km infout that connects the 500 kV, TL Tebbin I El-Sokhna P.P. to Zahraa El-Maadi SfS, where the entire connection line passes through a desert land. Also, the three existing 220 kV lines (Ain Sira/ Tora (2x7 km), Cairo East/ Bassatin (2x5 km), Kattamia/ Tebbin (15 km) that will be connected to Zahraa El-Maadi SfS are all pass through a desert land (see Figures 4-1 "B & C" and 4-2 "B"). Only in U1e cultivated area of Markaz Samallout, along U1e remaining 12% of the route, small pieces (of area around 14x14 m2 each) of U1e agticulturalland (of a total accumulated area of around 3.1 Feddans) will be occupied by TL towers' footings . For iliese footings, fair land acquisition compensation and crop compensation system will be applied. A ResetUement Policy Framework (RPF) has been prepared to accompany Ulis ESIA for frameworking U1e legislative conditions and procedures related to any resettlement that may be resulted from Ulis project. If any resetUement exists, a Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) will be prepared and subnlitted to the W.B. before ilie construction of U1e transnlission line starts. For Ulis, a full ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 4-Page 2 of 28 May 2013-Project No. 1750 · HP ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP S A survey of Project Affected Persons (PAPs) would be conducted as soon as the project's specific location is detennined and its land requirement is known. It must be emphasized that no civil work will start unless land expropriation is completed and compensation is paid (land expropriation is a per- construction phase activity). TI1e indicative geographical co-ordinates outlining the main routes of the transmission line are provided in Tables 4-1 and 4-2. Also, Figures 4-1 thmuglt 4-7 give an illusb:ation for U1e project route. Table 4-1 Helwnn Sou fit/ Z nllrnn A l-Mnndi 500 kV OHTL Primary R oute Pt. No N E Deg M;, Sec Deg M;, Sec 1 29 13 5.4 31 13 15.94 2 29 13 30.53 31 15 36.39 3 29 14 45.61 31 15 42.02 4 29 16 34.17 31 16 1.06 5 29 17 47.34 31 16 44.91 6 29 18 24.34 31 17 1 7 29 20 2.92 31 17 26.91 8 29 22 26.% 31 18 48.9 9 29 23 5.39 31 19 2.28 10 29 24 9.69 31 20 13.78 11 29 24 29.71 31 20 29.45 12 29 25 53.49 31 21 17.72 13 29 27 8.59 31 21 52.41 14 29 29 8.33 31 22 41 .85 15 29 31 9.38 31 22 57.82 16 29 31 31.33 31 23 13.76 17 29 32 12.29 31 23 20.52 18 29 34 52.09 31 24 41.16 19 29 38 10.43 31 24 39.87 20 29 39 19.93 31 24 6.43 21 29 40 39.25 31 23 40.55 22 29 42 38.37 31 24 20.68 23 29 43 25.04 31 24 21.75 24 29 44 35.83 31 24 46 25 29 45 35.43 31 24 28.54 26 29 51 46.6 31 24 2.14 27 29 55 25.04 31 22 46.62 A 29 13 18.78 31 13 2.85 B 29 13 11.83 31 13 19.68 c 29 12 53.95 31 13 10.02 D 29 12 59.9 31 12 51.12 Zahraa 5.5 29 58 1.43 31 21 31.19 ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 4-Page 3 of 28 May 20 13 -Proj~ct No. 1750- HP ECGC:t~~C8\J. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Table4-2 Helwnn South/ Snmallout I Assiut 500 kV Liue Details N E Pt. No DEG MIN SEC DEG MIN SEC 1 28 18 29.1 30 35 42.2 2 28 18 23.3 30 35 38.3 3 28 18 16.6 30 35 39.2 4 28 18 12.7 30 35 46.6 5 28 18 14.5 30 35 58.1 6 28 18 26.4 30 36 4.1 7 28 18 31.6 30 36 12.4 8 28 18 43.5 30 36 17.4 9 28 18 53.9 30 36 16.1 10 28 19 19.5 30 36 17.3 11 28 19 26.2 30 36 21.8 12 28 19 31.7 30 36 32.8 13 28 19 35 30 36 45.7 14 28 19 32.7 30 36 58.8 15 28 19 34.5 30 37 13.4 Table 4-2 (Coutd.) Helwnu Souflt I Snmnllout I Assiut 500 kV Line Details N h Pt. No DEG MIN SEC DEG MIN SEC 16 28 19 39.8 30 38 43.1 17 28 19 35.8 30 39 50.6 18 28 19 . 48 30 41 9.7 19 28 20 21.5 30 41 30.2 20 28 20 50.6 30 42 59.7 21 :liS 21 2U :m 4j j';l.j 22 28 21 51.4 30 44 40.5 23 28 24 7.3 30 46 7.7 24 28 24 16.1 30 47 34.1 25 28 24 25.1 30 48 1 26 28 23 10.6 30 50 18.8 27 28 23 58.26 31 1 28.58 28 28 29 28.35 31 0 56.95 29 28 33 58.7 31 0 52.7 30 28 36 6.41 31 0 21.48 31 28 42 37.89 31 2 14.26 j;.! :liS 44 !>0.26 j1 5 27.41S 33 28 49 6.24 31 7 28.55 34 28 50 35.5 31 7 47.35 35 28 55 51.09 31 8 24.61 36 28 59 11.26 31 9 26.09 37 29 2 15.58 31 11 19.46 38 29 5 36.62 31 12 48.47 39 29 7 49.83 31 31 29.61 40 29 9 12.15 31 14 4.82 41 29 11 4.12 31 14 53.26 42 29 12 26.01 31 15 18.64 ESIA for H~lwan South Pow~ Plant Transmission Line lnt~connection Project CH 4-Page 4 of 28 May 2013-Ptoject No. 1750 - HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 4-l(A) Mnp of Egypt Illustrating Pmwramic View for f11e Helwau Soutli/Zaltran El-Maadi- Helwnu Souf11 I Snmnllout 500 kV Transmission Line ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 4-Page 5 of 28 May 2013-Project No. 1750 - HP ECG~~~IPV. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S A Figur.e 4-l(B) Iutercouuectiou of Znl1rnn El-Mnndy Substatiou Cu"eut Situntiou ESIA for Helwau South Power Plant Trausmission Line Interconnection Project CH 4-Page 6 of 28 May 2013-Project No. 1750- HP ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 4-l(C) Interc01mection of Znllrnn El-Mnndy Substntiou Tnrget Situation ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 4-Page 7 of 28 May 2013-Project No. 1750 - HP ECGC:tdli./.W~ ~v ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 4-2 (A) Topogrnpl1ic Mnp of tile Route of f11e Helwnu Sou til I Znl1ran El-Mnndi- Helwnu Sou tit I Snmnllout 500 kV Trnusmission Line ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 4-Page 8 of 28 May 2013-Project No. 1750 - HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 4-2 (B) Topogrnpltic Map of tlte Route of tlte Tltree Existing ~20 kV Liues to Zaltrna EI-Maadi Substation nnd tlte 30 km, 500 kV in-and-out Conuectfon to tile Tebbin/Soklma500 kVTL. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 4-Pag~ 9 of 28 May 20 13-Project No. 1750- HP ECG&JWw~(p\J. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure4-3 Sn tellite Mnp Illustrn ting tile Full Routing of tlte Helwnn Soutlt/Znltrnn Al-Mnadi- Helwn.n Soutlt I Sn.mnllout 500 kV Transmission Line ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 4-Page 10 of 28 May 2013 -Project No. 1750 - HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUPs A- Figure4-4 Satellite Map Depicting tl1e NortiJern End of tiJe Helwan Soutlt I Znllrna Al-Maadi- Helwnn Soutl1 I Snmnllout 500 kV Transmission Line ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 4-Pag~ 11 of 28 May 20 13-Project No. 1750- HP · ECG&-~~~lr. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 4-5 Satellite Mnp Depicting tile Sout11ern.Liue Routing of tile Helwnu Soutl1IZnllrnn Al-Mnndi- Helwnu Soutll I Snmnllout 500 kV Transmission Line (Helwau Soutl1 I Smun llout) ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Tr:lllSmission Line Interconnection Project CH 4-Page 12 of28 May 2013-Project No. 1750 - HP ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure4-6 Detailed Mnp of flte Very Soutltent End of tlte Helwnn Soutlt/Znltrnn Al-Mnndi- Helwnn Soutlt I Snmnllout 500 kV Transmission Line ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 4-Page 13 of 28 May 2013-Project No. 1750- HP ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA. The nearest villages to the TL route in the Samallout segment are shown in Figure 4-7 and can be identified as follows: Village Distance from the Direction Route (km) • Naj Abu Sayf ai-Ashab 2.5 To the North of the Route • Naj · Abu Abd al-Qawi 1.7 Salih • Shusha 1.2 • Dayr Samallout 1.9 • Al-Awaynah 0.6 • Al-Sharaynah 0.45 • At-Tibah 0.5 To the South of the Route • Ash-Shaykh Abd-Allah 2.1 • Kawm al-Lufi 3.0 • Al-Bayahi 0.9 ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 4-Page 14 of 28 May 2013-Project No. 175 0- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S A Figure4-7 Topogrnpl1ic Mnp of tlte Sout11em End Segment of t11e Route of tile Helwnu Soutll I Zal1rnn Al-Mandi- Helwnn South I Snmnllout 500 kV Transmission Line ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 4-Page 15 of 28 May 2013-Project No. 1750- HP ECG b'J;Vil~ (;$\!. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA 4.3 PROFILE OF THE PROJECT ROUTE The existing profile of the transmission line route is based on Hte walk over survey to identify U1e corridor and subsequent detailed survey, which was conducted by EEHCjEETC and their engineering Consultant (EPS) and other Contractors to fix U1e alignment of U1e towers. TI1e transmission line route is to be passed through agricultural and desert lands between Samallout, Helwan South and Zaluaa Al-Maadi substations locations. There may be small changes in U1e alignment to take into account any specific requirement along U1e route, which may result in some deviations from the proposed route profile. TI1e transmission line route is divided into many stretches for better administration and management. These stretches include, from U1e very norU1 to U1e vety souU1, the following: Helwnu, Es-Saff, Wadi Ar-Rnsllrnslt, Jnbnl Humr Slwybuu, Beui-Sueif, Wndi Snmwr, Jnbnl Al-Mirnyr, Jnbnl Al-Almwr, Beui-Mnznr nud Snma llout. Detailed route maps of the transmission lines is given in 01apter 5, Figure 5- 39 through Figure 5-48 (see Section 5.3.3). ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Int=onnection Project CH 4-Page 16 of 28 May 2013-Project No. 1750 - HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA 4.4 TRANSMISSION LINE DESIGN Tltis section provides general teclmical considerations regarding the design of the 500 kV overhead transmission line double circuits from Helwan South P.P SjST to both of the Zalu·aa Al-Maadi 500 kV SjST in the North and Samallout 500 kV SjST in the Soutl1 witl1 an approximate totallengtl1 of 250 km. 4.4.1 Scope of Work Tl1e tecluucal specifications detail the scope of work that will include: • Soil investigation, report. • Calculation and design of Towers: o Terminal Towers and Angle Towers. o Suspension Towers. o Calculation and Design of Foundations. o Calculation and Design of Earthing. • Determination of all equipment and fitting: o h1sulator sb.ings. o Eartl1-wires (optical fiber), conductors and fittings. o Accessories as spacers, dampers, clamps, warning signs, etc. • Sag and tension calculation. • Line route profile. • Supply of all equipment. • Consb.uction of line. o Site prepat:ation. o Foundation. o Tower assembling. o Line sb.inging. o Testing and comnussiotting. o Site cleaning. 4.4.2 Electrical Design Tl1e line elecb.ical chat·acteristics are assumed as follows: • Nontinal voltage of a tluee-phase system: 500 kV. • Highest voltage of a tlu·ee-phase system: 550 kV. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 4-Pag~ 17 of 28 May 2013-Project No. 1750- HP ECG~tih.l~(!J-\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA • System design short circuit current: 40 kA. • Lightning impulse voltage withstand 1.2/50 1J.S (peak): 1550 kV. • Rated frequency : 50 Hz. • Maximum operating conductor temperature: 80 oC. 4.4.3 Creepage Distance The creepage distance for insulators shall be selected according to Table 4-3 and Figme 4-8 taken into consideration the pollution level in the zone at which the line will be erected. Table4-3 Selection of Creepage Distance Pollution Maximum Zone level (layer Withstand specific leakage Region No. conductivity) voltage pathcm/kV (Jls) I 30 3.0 Naga-Hammadi - Aswan No indushial . ...... II 35 3.5 Minya, Asyout, Naga Hanunadi ~ c Western, Cairo desert, Sinia, Little III N 40 50 4.0 4.5 -3 ~ ~ indushial. Delta, Cairo Coast pollution {40 1l n \, IV , · Red Sea n~se'.-l tlaga Hammadl - -\ \ ;r,- II )_ I ! ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH4-Page 19 of 28 May 2013-Project No. 1750- HP ECG~w.al~CP\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Table 4-4 (Coutd.) Standard Environmental Conditi01~s fltnt slwll Apply for tlie Design of tlle Trausmission Line Clause Description Value 5. Maximum wind speed (m/sec.) at 10m above 35 ground level 6. Soil temperature at a depth of 1.5 m . 25°C 7. Solar energy radiation W jm2 .2:1100 8. Wind pressw'e N I m 2 766 9. Absolute black bulb oc max. recorded 75.7 10. TI1under storms Occasional 11. Sand storms Occur occasionally specially in desert. 12. Pollution Heavy pollution .2: 50 1!5 13. Seismic According to Egyptian Code and attached map. 4.4.5 Pollution Level Overhead lines cu:e subjected to conditions that depend on the place in which they cu·e installed. These conditions ccu1 vary extensively from a place to another, depending on the charactetistics of the region considered. These charactelistics make possible that the level of insulation required can vcuy in the same line, due to the conditions of the pollution aJ'e different for all U1e line. 1l1e weaU1er factors influence a vety importcu1t way on U1e growU1 of U1e pollution levels in region. According to Egyptian Stcu1dard No. (TAOS), the map shown in Figure 4-8 illustrate U1e different regions with different pollution levels. For 250 km distance from U1e Zaluaa Al-Maadi in the NorU1 to Samallout in U1e SouU1, most of the line routing in desert cu·eas chcu·actetized by no rain for long peliod cu1d exposed to strong winds CaJ:Iying sand, pollution zone No. (II) will be considered. TI1e insulators will be designed for a minimum nominal specific creepage distance of 35 mmjkV. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 4-Page 20 of 28 May 2013-Project No. 1750 - HP ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA. Desert Zone In some desert zones, the insulators of the electric lines are often subject to the deposition of contaminates substances of the desert. llris can cause a serious reduction in the efficiency of the insulator, having as a result the flashover and the electricity supply lack. Also the st01ms of sand must be kept in mind. l11e type of environmental conditions will affect considerably to the insulators. The predominant elements in this type of pollution are the sand arid the widespread, salty dust in a dry atmosphere. l11e desert climate is characterized for sand storms that contain particles that move to a high speed. l11ese particles strike to the surface of the insulator causing the material erosion. The storms of sand at"e an important factor that causes a decrease of reliability in electrical lines . .In this type of pollution U1e following aspects are relevatlt: l11e early morning dew represents tl1e greater source of wetting in the desert zones. Storms of sand enlat·ge U1e pollution problems. The worst conditions occur when tl1e stomlS at·e accompanied by a high humidity. Pollution layers accumulated on tl1e it1Sulators durit1g tl1e st01ms are of larger grain atld greater content in salt tl1an tl1e layers fom1ed durit1g tl1e normal atmospheric weatl1er of the desert. l11e pollution contributed by the storms of sand is nom1ally carried by strong winds of distat1t regions. l11e decrease of pollution will depend on: the type of itlSulator, tl1e maintenance, tl1e inc1"ease of the numbel· of elements it1 tl1e chains of itlSulators, tl1e mo·ease of tl1e leakage patl1, a better design of tl1e itlSulators. Right Of Way (ROW) For the 500 kV AC transmission line, tl1e right of way will be 25m wide for each side. 4.4.6 Over Head Transmission Line Components Towers: Lattice steel self supportit1g double circuit towers should be used. The 500 kV tower shape will be designed for vertical arrat1gement, as illustrated in Fi~tre 4-9. . The positionit1g of tl1e conductors and of the earili-wires on the tower shall be determined co11Sideling tl1e followit1g clearances: • Oeat" atlce to ground and obstacles. • l11e clearat1ces between tower's live and earthed patis. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 4-Pag~ 21 of 28 May 2013-Project No. 1750 - HP ECG &-~000(p\t. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 4-9 Typical Tower Design f or t11e H elw nn Soufli/Znl1rnn El-Mnadi- Helw nn Soutll I Snmnllout Double Circuit 500 I;V OHTL 500 kV LINE OUTLINES OF SUSPENSION DOUBlE CIRCUIT TOWER WITH DOUBLE EARTH WIRE - 0 +3m.. +8 m. +II Ill. +16m.. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 4-Page 22 o f 28 May 2013-Project No. 175 0 - HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP s A. • The clearances between the conductors and between conductors and earth-wires in mid-span and still air. • 1l1e ecu·U1-wire's shade protection angle . • Oearances between conductors at structm;es . Insulators: TI1e suspension and tension insulator string units shall be of ceramic or toughened glass type. Within U1e agticultm·al cu·ea at Samallout SfST (30-32 km lengU1). 1l1e atlti fog type is recommended. TI1e ection) (Knots(ll) (Dily/Y eu) {Dily/Yeu) Direction)121 January 5 26/220 17/81 45/240 17/18 February 6 30/190 18/81 50/220 3/92 March 7 28/190 22/85 50/180 22/85 April 8 32/200 16/81 49/340 12/71 May 8 28/280 2/97 54/290 2J97 June 8 20/360 5/77 35/240 13/71 July 7 16/030 3/78 27/010 9/84 August 7 14/010 24/77 23/3W 29/69 September 7 20/070 29/77 33/020 11/71 October 7 33/240 9J89 33/240 23/76 November 6 22/240 28/69 38/220 24/76 December 6 25/260 14/77 45J260 14/77 Annual-average 6.83 Notes: (1) Knot= 1.85 kmflu·. (2) Highest hourly average and highest sudden plast of wind are provided based on weather monitoring at the Bahtim (northeast Cairo) station. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ lnterconn~tion Proj~t CH 5- Pag~ 5 of 184 May 2013. Project No. 1750 - HP ECG ~t:Vil~ \JJrV. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Table 5-2 Temperature, Humidity and Rainfall Information for tile Proposed Site, (35-year montltly average; 1975-2010) (Based on Weather Monitoring at the Al-Maadi Station)(ll Av. Temperature (•C) Humidity Rainfall mm/day) Av. Av. Highest Lowest Relative Max. in Month Monthly Monthly Daily Daily Humidity . Total Single Monthly Max. Min. Max. Min. (OAJ) Dav January 19.1 7.6 31.4 -2.0 55 3.2 13.2 February 20.8 8.7 34.1 1.4 51 2.3 25.0 March 24.8 11.6 37.4 2.5 46 2.0 10.4 Ap1il 29.1 15.3 42.6 5.6 40 0.8 6.1 May 33.1 18.9 47.0 10.4 40 0.4 1.3 June 35.5 21.5 45.2 14.6 42 Trace<2> Trace July 36.0 23.2 45.3 16.5 49 0.0 0.0 August 35.4 23.2 43.4 16.8 52 0.0 0.0 September 33.8 21.7 44.8 13.8 51 0.0 0.0 October 30.6 18.6 40.0 9.0 51 0.1 1.9 November 25.1 13.6 34.9 4.4 55 1.5 18.1 December 20.4 9.3 34.4 2.0 55 2.8 13.0 Annual-average 28.6 16.1 48.8 13 - Notes: (1) Tilis data is exh·acted from Al-Maadi meteorological station Records, and it covers area of 20 kmradius. (2) Trace = T < 0.1 nun. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 6 of 184 May 2013 ·Project No. 1750 • HP ECG&-~~~tr. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-3 Wind Rose ofEnst Cniro (Al-Maadi Area, 2010) 330~~30 -....... - \12\ J r r I 1 ~ I ',..////; -- =~/;/120 21 ~50 ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5-Pag~ 7 of 184 May 2013- Project o. 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA B. Giza District A 35-yeru: Helwan data base (1975-2010) indicates a prevailing norU1erly wind at U1e site (35 percent from NorU1 quadrant) witl1 a secondary maximum of winds from the NorU1 quadrru1t (32 percent) followed by North-Nortll-€ash·ly winds (23 percent) and winds from the NorU1-NorU1-West quadrant (18 percent) and then westerly-souU1erly winds and oU1er directions (8.4 percent) . Calm and variable winds occw· approximately 18.6 percent of the time. Wind speeds and directions measured for 2010 ru·e shown on the Wind Rose in FiKttre 5-4. Wind speeds are generally light to moderate wiU1 an aJlllual-average speed of approximately 4.23 meters per second and r (Based on Weather Monitoring at the Helwan Meterorological Station)< HlghC!st Hourly O;atC!of Hips! Sud~n Plut D;atC!of Av. Monthly Month Av. (SpHd/ OcclllTC!ncC! ofWind4'1 OccurrC!nCC! SpHd (Knots12l) (Spefl!l[)iredion) Olrt!ctlon)t3l (D;ay/Yur) (D;ayjYur) January 6 26/ 220 17/81 45/240 17/18 February 7 30/ 190 18/ 81 50/220 3/ 92 March 8 28/ 190 22/ 85 50/180 22/85 April 10 32/ 200 16/ 81 49/340 12/71 May 10 28/ 280 2/97 54/290 2/97 June 10 20/ 360 5/ 77 35/240 13/71 July 9 16/ 030 3/ 78 27/010 9/84 August 8 14/ 010 24/77 23/360 29/ 69 September 9 20/070 29/77 33/020 11/71 October 9 33/240 9/89 33/240 23/76 November 8 22/ 240 28/69 38/220 24/76 December 7 25/ 260 14/ 77 45/260 14/77 Annual-average 8.42 N otC!s: (1) This data is extracted from Helwan meteorological station Records, and it covers area of 50 km. (2) Knot= 1.85 km/ hr. (3) Highest hourly average and highest sudden plast of wind are provided based on w eather monitoring a t the Bal1tim (northeast Cairo) meteorological station. Table 5-4 Temperature, Humidity and Rainfall Infonuation for tile Proposed Site (35-year montllly rates; 1975-2010) (Based on Weather Monitoring at the Helwan Meterorological Station)<·> Av.TC!DlpC!r;ahue(~) Hwnidity R;ainfill :mmtuvl Av. Av. HlgbC!st LOWC!St RC!btiVC! Mu.ln Month O;aily Dilly Dilly D.Uly Hwnidity Tot;al Single! Monthly Mu. Min. M.o.x. Min. (Ofo) D;av January 18.4 8.4 31.1 8.4 60 3.7 13.4 February 20.1 9.8 34.1 9.8 54 3.7 19.5 March 23.7 12.1 39.5 12.1 50 2.5 11.9 April 28.1 14.3 43.1 14.3 42 0.8 10.4 May 32.4 17.8 46.7 17.8 41 1.6 27.5 Jwle 32.8 19.9 47.5 19.9 44 0.02 1.4 July 34.8 21.3 45.3 21.3 52 0.0 0.0 August 34.9 21 .6 43.8 21.6 55 0.0 0.0 September 32.7 20.3 42.4 20.3 55 0.0 0.0 October 29.9 18.3 42.6 18.3 55 0.7 21.7 November 26.2 14.4 37.4 14.4 59 2.6 23.8 December 19.8 7.5 35.0 7.5 60 5.0 32.7 Annual-average 27.81 15.48 59.9 20.62 NotC!s: (? This data is extracted from Helwa.n meteorological station Records, and it covers area of 50 km. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Tr.~nsmission Lin~ Interconn~tion Project CH 5- Pag~ 9 of 184 May 2013 - Project No. 1750- HP ECG~t:v11J~(p\!. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-4 Wind Rose of Helwnu Soutl1 (Helwan Meteorological Station, 2010) / \ I \ 40 I \20 \30 ( r \10 r r E J \ I \ / I / J 8 1-3 C )7·10• 11-lru 4-6 17-21 e lliil ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5-Pag~ 10 of 184 May 2013 -Project No _1750 - HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA C. Beni Sueif District A 35-year Beni-sueif data base (1975-2010) indicates a northerly wind at U1e site (63 percent from norU1 quadrano wiU1 a maximum of winds from the NorU1-West ·quadrant (9 percent) followed by North-NorU1-West winds (22 percent) and winds from the North-West-West quadrant (5 percent) and WVesterly winds (3 percent) and U1en North-NorU1-East winds (12 percent). Calm and variable winds occur approximately 20 percent of the time. Wind speeds and directions measured for 2010 at Beni-sueif Station are shown on the Wind Rose in Figu1·e 5-5. Wind speeds are generally light to moderate with an annual-average speed of approximately 4.9 meters per second and rarely exceed 10 mjsec. (Table 5-5). TI1e wind pattem affects the direction of stirred-up sands and sandstmm. TI1e wind derives these sands which accumulate in the western desert far from the project site and its vicinity. The source of these sands is generally located furilier west in U1e Western Desert. TI1e temperature data collected at Beni-sueif for a 35 year peliod indicate a maximum monthly-average temperature of 37.4AC in July and a minimuni. monUlly-average temperature of 5.8C in January. Summer time high temperatures average 37°C while winter lows reach 7.2°C. TI1e annual-average temperature is 22.3°C with record high and low temperatures of 47.7 and -0.2°C, respectively. Rainfall at Beni-sueif averages 6.12 millimeters per year occurling mostly duling U1e winter monUlS (December-March) Relative humidity remains fairly low Utroughout U1e year, maximizing at 63 percent for December and reaching a low of 38 percent in May (Table 5-6). TI1e dryness of this climate is furU1er demonstrated by the fact that nearly 80 percent of possible sunshine is received during U1e year. Table 5-5 Wind Speed Iufonuntion for t11e Proposed Site (Kuots)m (35-yenr montllly nvernge; 1975-2010) (Based on Weather Monitoring at Beni-Sueif Meterorological Station)!tl Av. Monthly Speed Highest Hourly Av. BishHt Sudden Plut of Date of OccurrenceC21 Month Wind('! (Knotsl1l) (Spee 6/8 0.6 0.4 0.8 0.9 0.5 0 0 0 0.02 0.1 0.2 0.6 occurrence (days/ month) Notes: (*) Data obtained from the El-Minya Meteorologica l Station records and forms . It covers an area of a 50-km radius. ESIA for Helwnn South Power Plwll Transmission Line Interconnection Project H 5-Page 15 of 184 May 2013. Project No. 1750 • HP ECG&-J.;;./.W~IP\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Table 5-8 Monthly Rates (Averages of 35 years; 1975-2010) of the El-Minya Meteorological Station Parameters (J! ..., Parameter I Month~ Jan Feb Mar A_pr May Jun Jul Aug Se_p Oct Nov Dec Sealevel atmospheric pressure 1019.3 1019.9 10124 10123 1011 .6 1007.4 1006.1 1005.5 1010.4 1015.9 1016.2 1018.2 (hectopascals) Highest sea level atmospheric pressure 1027.2 1031.8 1020.6 1019.4 1018.3 1011.2 1010.0 1011.0 1017.9 1021 .5 1020.6 1023.8 (hectopascals) Occurrence date (day I year) 31 20 3 17 1 11 .4 26 29 30 31 14 31 Lowest sea level atmospheric pressure 1012.8 10129 1003.3 1005.0 1006.5 1003.0 10025 1001 .2 1005.9 1011.2 1009.0 1011.1 (hectopascals) Occurrence date (day I year) 10 17 28 24 '29 20 16 16 6 4 18 21 0 Maximum temperature (C ) 18.4 21.1 29.1 31.4 34.2 38.5 37.3 38.8 36.6 30.2 27.3 22.8 Minimum temperature (C') 4.4 5.6 11.7 13.7 18.0 22.3 23.4 24.3 22.3 17.4 13.2 8.9 Highest maximum temperature (C0 ) 22.4 26.0 40.8 42.6 40.0 43.4 39.6 41 .3 40.4 40.0 31 .2 29.5 Occurrence date (day I year) 9 28 24 22 5.12 9 23 22 22 5 8 4 Lowest minimum temperature (C0 ) 0.0 23 6.4 8.7 13.0 20.0 20.0 20.2 19.6 13.5 9.6 5.7 Occurrence date (day I year) 15.16 19 5 8.3 2 2 4 8 11 15 30 28 Dry temperature (C•) 11.1 13.1 20.0 22.3 26.3 30.7 30.4 31.2 29.3 23.7 19.8 15.3 Relative humidity(%) 67 65 53 50 43 44 49 50 51 58 62 64 Relative humidity per hour 0300 UT<:ll 82 82 71 73 65 66 69 71 71 76 78 78 (%) Relative humidity per hour 1200 UT( %) 45 43 33 31 25 27 32 30 32 39 41 45 ·- -- --- Notes: (1) Data obtained from the EI-Minya Meteorological Station records and forms. It covers an area of a 50-km mdius. (2) UT = Universal Time (2 hours less than local time in winter, and 3 hours less in summer). ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmi ssion Line Interconnection Project H 5-Page 16 of 184 May 201 3- Project No. 175 0 - HI' ECG C:t~~~v ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-6 Wiud Rose(•J of tl1e EI-Miuyn Aren, 2010 MIN Y A 62(52387 ) Y e;ar(s ): 2010 M o nth (s) : 01-12 0 ;a y(s) : 01-3 1 Ye ;a r(s): 2C10 Mo n th(s) : 01- 1 2 0 ;a y(s) : 01-31 ~ ~ ~3~0:- --- '~0':\ 300 / / ' \\ 60 I;// '\ / I / ' ', \ \ \ \ i r ~ ~ 1 w ·t;J ,r r J I E 1 \ \ \ ,. ' - - ... '1 0 I \ \' .... "20 I I \ \. \ ""- - - / ./3J A 0 ~120 240' ~ "' ' "' - .__ ......_ 21 0"------ ~150 ---J _/ / /50 60/. a---. ... .----......._ s c ;aIm ]0 ,3] ]3 ,6] ]6 ,1 0] ] 1 0 , 1 6]] 1 6 ,21 ] ]21 ,27) (*) Win d Velocity in m / s. Source: The Egyptian General Authority for Meteorology, 2011. ESIA for Hehvan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 17 of 184 May 2013 - Project No. 1750 - HP ECGC:t~~(.$\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA 5.2.2 Regional Geomorphic Features TI1e geomorphology of the area w1der the consideration can be described rmder U1e following distinctive areas. A- Helwan - Kuraimate Stretch: 1l1e area is characterized by U1e following main geomorphic wlits: • Nile Alluvial Plain: It is a flat narrow strip parallel to the ile Valley. TI1e width varies from 0.5 km. to 1.5 km. It consists of Nile silt and having an elevation varies from 22m. to 25m. above sea level. • Terraces: It fonns an w1dulating surface in U1e form of isolated patches covered with gravel sheet. It consists of marl and sandy mad. 1l1e surface is highly exploited by many gravel qmuTies. • Lower Pediment: It is located between contour line 50 m .a.s.l. and contour line 100 m .a.s.l. The swface is gradually sloping and decreases from east to west. It is made of Ulick limestone sequence of the Middle Eocene Mokattam Fom1ation. Generally, the pediment is occupied by U1e construction of many factolies (Cement, Iron and Steel and others. TI1e limestone pediment is heavil exploited for U1ese indushies. TI1e lower pediment is dissected by hibutaties of many wadis such as Wadi Gcu·awi, Wadi Hof atld Wadi Degla. • Upper Pediment: TI1e Upper Pediment l'WlS in a norU1west-southeast direction parallel to U1e main scat-p which is mainly controlled by faulting system. It covers U1e area between contour lines 100 m . a.s.l. and 200 m. a.s.l. It consists mainly of limestone, mcu·ly limestone and mcu·L • Structural Karstified Plateau: It rcu1ges in elevation from a maximum of 600 m .a.s.l. on the highest waterdivide to about 200 m .a.s.l. 1l1e surface is lughly affected by a fault system miented mainly NW -SE. It results in a number of elongated, parallel and dissected cueists and some isolated hills. • Drainage system: The cu·ea is dissected by a number of seven main drainage lines (wadis) at1d heir basins are shown on Table 5-9: ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5- Pag~ 18 of 184 May 2013 ·Project No. 1750 · HP ECGif~b00~\r. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S A Table 5-9 T11e Mniu Drniunge Bnsius Enst nud Soutlienst of Helwnu N o. Wadi Basin AeraKm2 • 1 W. Degla 196.4 2 W.Hof 120.04 3 W.Gabow 94.96 4 W . Garawi 322.56 5 W. EI-Agel 4.64 6 W. Abu-Selly1 9 7 W. Abu Selly 2 14.6 8- Kuraimate - EI-Minya Stretch: Tite area can be classified into 3 main distinct geomorphic units namely: 1- Dissected Plateau 2 & Pedimem S & 3 Playa (Nile terraces and Fan-glomerates). • Dissected Plateau: Titis plateau overlooks the Nile to the east assuming a relief of 305 m . over the pediments to Ute west. Tite plateau is very irregular in outline and striking, generally in a norUt- souUt trend. Several embayment's' and Uteir corresponding promontolies distinguish Ute lim of the plateau. The embayment may cut back in Ute plateau smface for a distance of 3 km. the most importan:t of Utese embayment's is occupied by Wadi Abu Tarefei which rtu1S west norUtwest-east southeast for a distance of 3.5 km. Northwards, anoUter major embayment is distinguished which is occupied by Wadi Soraka. Enclosed between Utese two embayment's a major promontoty, known as Gebel Hormret Sheibotul is located. Titis promontory stretches westward towards Ute Nile and is separated from its bank by only 7.5 km. Gebel Homret Shaibotut has Ute highest altitude in Ute area, 334m above sea level and has a relief of 171m. all ovet· Ute pediment surface (the upper pediment). SouU1 of Gebel Homret Shaiboun, the plateau recesses back, eastward, and has a smooth outline displayed as a major are. This arc terminates nearly at the area of Wadi Sanur . Many wadis drain the plateau surface and run along the scarp face crossing the pediments to Ute Nile, The general h·end of these wadis is east-west and the drainage system is parallel to subp-arallel. 1l1e plateau is covered by marl and limestone beds, assuming 177 m . in Utickness, exposed both over the pediment surface and at Ute scarp face. • Pediments: Two main rock-cut pediments are distinguished in Ute area namely, the upper and the lower pediments. • The Upper Pediment sh·etches parallel to Ute scarp face bounding Ute plateau. Tite pediment's smface is a batTen white limestone wiUt clay intercalations, sh·etclling 3 to 10 km east till it abuts against the scatp face of the dissected plateau. To Ute west it overhangs the lower pediment, wiUt a relief of 30m. Tite western outline of tlte pediment is very irregular, runtling in a zigzag line ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ lnterconn~tion Project CH 5- Pag~ 19 of 184 Proj~t No. 1750 - HP l'vlay 2013 - ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GRO UP SA displaying a number of spurs, points, alcoves and indentations. Tite pediment covers an area of 547.50 km. and opens out considerably to the north, outside Ute mapped area. To tile souti1, Ute pediment surface has an altitude of 91 m above sea level. In the area of Wadi Metein el Bahari, tile lower and the upper pediments coalesce forming one surface. This sm·face stretches souti1ward in tile form of a limestone cliff 63 m . above tile Nile tenaces. In places witilin tins stretch, Ulis limestone cliff may fotm two steps conesponding to Ute lower and upper pediments. Over tile surface of Ute upper pediment, several limestone mesas and buttes are encountered. These represent remnants of tile surface of a limestone pediment wlnch once was present above tile upper pediment surface. Titese features lise 72m. above tile pediment surface and increase generally in a number and area towards tile nortil east, formed mainly of limestone beds. Several east-west wadis dissect Ulis surface. Tite most important of titese are Wadi Leshiab in Ute nortit and Wadi Bayad in Ute soutit. The wadis incise Uteir charutels deeply in tile limestone surface and in places tile incision may reach up to 30 m. • The Lower Pediment nuts nearly parallel to the upper pediment and overlooks tile Nile tenaces to tile west. ht few places along its sh·etch, tile pediment forms a scarp of 44 m . high above tile Nile terraces. l11e surface of tins pediment is covered by limestone beds wlnch make a flat surface extending towards Ute Nile. The western side of Ulis pediment is smootit in outline, only where fan-glomerates are present, tile outline is irregular. This sm·face is 13 km wide and rises 72 m above sea level. The main wadi crossing Ulis surface to ti1e Nile is Wadi Leslnab whlch incised its channels 6 in on tile average. • Fan-glomerat: l11ese are found in 3 places in tile mapped area, tile nortitem fan is irregular in outline, covering 23.7 km2.Tlns fans has been fomted by tile coalescence of several wadis wlnch fan out in Ulis a1:ea depositing tileir loads before reaclling the Nile. The sediments coveting tile fan are mainly conglomerates and loose sands. ill tins aspect tins fan-glomerate may represent Ute bajada smface of Ute zone of deposition (Sparks, 1960). Tite Unckness of ti1ese deposits valies from few centimeters along ti1e edge of Ulis fan to 7 m. near its cenh·e and rises 50 m . above sea level and only 10m. above tile Nile tenaces. l11e nliddle fan is oval in outline; covering 10.1 km2.Tins fan has been fanned by Ute coalescence of some wadi fans depositing Uteir loads, in tins area winch are mainly conglomerate and loose sands. l11e tlnckness of tilese deposits varies from few centimeters along Ute edge of Ute fan to several meters near its cenh·e. Tins fan lises 47 m . above sea level and only 10 m . above tile Nile terraces. The souti1ern fan is irregular in outline, covering an area of 10 km2. This fan is covered by conglomerate and 100 m. sands. Its altitude is 66 m a.s.l. whereas it stands about 5 m . above tile Nile terraces to Ute east. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 20 of 184 May 2013 ·Project No. 1750- HP ECG C:tJ.:Vil~ (p\r. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA • Nile Terraces: These make a thin strip along the Nile, 0.5 to 1 km. wide. Most parts of these tetTaces are now cultivated and only very limited rocky places are desert. Nile mud and silt of variable thicknesses are recorded by drilling in these tetTaces. Attia (1954) described a section, 11, 0 m . thick, west of Beni- Suef. The section is made of alluvial deposits, clays, sandy clays and sands unconfmmably overlying Pliocene sediment in the east and Pleistocene gravels in the west. • Cultivated Lands: The site is situated in the edge of the cultivated lands at the eastern bank of the River Nile. It fotms the flat area which is a part from the Nile Valley. Many small villages (Ezzab / Kafr) are littered around the area. • Sand Dunes: It extends in a longitudinal shape from the central part of Wadi El-Rayan Depression to the western margins of the Nile Valley flood plain opposite the Dayrut town in the south for a distance of about 185 km. This field is composed of several parallel compound and complex dw1e belts extending in a SSE direction. It can be divided according to Embabi, 2004, into two sections; the northern Wadi El-Rayan is dominated by linear dunes while the southern is barchans and barchanoid dunes. Due to the impact of the northwesterly prevailing wind, it is expected U1at the sand move preferably down slop toward the Nile flood plain. In the western part of the Nile Valley in U1e stretch between El-Minia and Sammalut, U1e dune field of the extreme eastern belt are reclaimed and cultivated during U1e last Urree decades. However, dw1e movement and sand encroachment on the cultivated fields along the margins of U1e Nile flood plain represents a pem1anent Urreat to soil productivity and agricultural production in the west Nile Valley area (Kishk, 1990). 5.2.3 Geological Setting A- STRATIGRAPHY The exposed rocks fall into U1e following stratigraphic rock units from base to top (FiKtl1"e 5-7): l11e Eocene Rock Units (Te): l11e rock wuts exposed east of the Nile Valley can be classified into Middle and Upper Eocene units. h1 the following a brief description will be given to deSCiibe U1e different fom1ations . 1. Moqattam Formation: This term was first inh·oduced by Zittel (1883) to desctibe U1e limestone and clastic beds at Gebel Moqattam east of Cairo. l11e Middle Eocene, Moqattam Fmmation is highly fossiliferous wiU1 Nummulites ~zelumsis, Lucinn plmmonis Ball, Fislz teetlz, Opemtlinn sp., and others. Zittel (1883) subdivided U1e section exposed at Gebel Moqattam into Lower Moqattam; comprising U1e limestone beds at U1e base of U1e lUll making U1e main scarp face of U1e Gebel, while to U1e upper limestone and clastic intercalations he designated U1e term Upper Moqattam. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5-Pag~ 21 of 184 May 2013 . Project No. 1750 . HP ECG&-db../.lli~ ~P\J. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Farag and Ismail1959 divided the Lower Moqattam of Zittel into two units: Gebel Hof Series at base and ti1e Observatory Series at top. Later, Said, 1962 restricted ti1e term Moqattam Formation to the main limestone beds exposed at Gebel Moqattm which, w ere named by Zittel, Lower Moqattam. The Upper Moqattam was given a new name (Maadi Formation). In the area studied, this unit covers ti1e two pediments at the foot slopes of ti1e main plateau bounding ti1e area to the east. It consists of about 40m. of thick limestone with tilin shale and clay intercalation. The limestone is quarried in many places for building purposes. Said (1971) stated ti1at ti1e Middle Eocene can be described in a four units, the Minia Fmmation, ti1e Sammalut Forn1ation, ti1e Moqattam Formation and the Guishi Fmmation. On ti1e eastem bank of ti1e Nile, ti1e Moqattam Forn1ation consists of limestone witi1 tilin shale and clay intercalations. The limestone is white, h: :I Ul c C' f-- •.-l Ill & C? . :.:. -a :o:o :o:o: i::_:::;. .:::: ~ · C·O· o.'(): Flint gravel and sand of C ·(l · O · ~0 III ll. ... >. ~ ::1 .... 0 · <:l · O ·~ · D : D · D · 0 · D·O fluvial origin,elllbedded in "0 N 10 tal .... · o · o . ;:o a reddish brown matrix. l~o ~o~o':'~' ~-=-=:...- --- - Clay,shale,sandy clay with Ill Ill 1·""·;-:: ;.::,_, . c !•..:...: _; :....:. : ..:..: few limestone and congla.era ~e "0 Ill ... 1- _-_- · - thin bands ::1 II CJ ... :::1 0 Ill 0 1---- _:::::--- .::-~:r: -CJ 0 ..c: .... til 0 N -- -~ . .... I ~ ..... ~ "' 1 ~--:-3 ::1 ---- C' ll. IIC s ..:.:.-;s7 o-:- ,.~:.f..~ , ·!:.:. <: Middle &G<»oe ~atoM with brown clay I aad -.rl ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 28 of 184 May 2013 - Project No. 1750- HP ECG&-~~~tr. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA A- STRUCTURAL SETTING: Generally, U1e Egyptian platform may be subdivided, from souU1 to norili into U1e following fom units (Figures 5-9 and 5-10), Craton and Stable Shelf in the souU1, Unstable Shelf in U1e north and U1e Hinge Zone at U1e coastal area .The Iring zone is located between the mobile shelf and U1e miogeosynclinal area. 1. Dip: 1l1e general shuctmal ouUook of the area is one of a flat smface wiU1 very genUe dips (1- 2) at variable directions. The expected direction of dip of different units is towards U1e north with a slight deviation to the east or the west. Contrary to this expectation several measmements show directions to the souU1east. Tilis is probably due to a main fractme line along U1e Nile wiU1 a norU1east-souU1west direction. 2. Faulting: Youssef (1968) recorded a major fault along the Nile at this area wllich he assumed to have the Gulf of Aqaba trend, i.e. N 15° E. Zaghloul et. al. (1976) work substantiates Youssef's concept. Tertiary sediments wllich make U1e table land west of the Red Sea hills were supposed to be dipping away from U1ese uplifted basement lulls. 1l1e area was affected mainly by two system of faulting: a . EryU1erian trend wllich extend in a N55°W direction. It is mosUy affecting U1e Eocene limestone plateau. Tllis trend is U1e younger wllich affected the older (NE) trend. b . Tethyan trend having anE-W direction. It affects U1e noriliern part of Gebel Mokattam, Cairo Suez road and Gebel Hof. In other words U1e Qurn and Wadi Hof Fom1ations (Upper Eocene) exposed at U1e eastern part of U1e area studied wiU1 a genUe angle of dip 2 o to U1e west were supposed to lie below U1eir present outcrops west of U1e Nile . Most probably a fault (or several faults) is located near U1e present Nile channel culminating in the upUuown of U1e western side. Youssef (1968) indicated that U1e stresses leading to this faulting movement are parallel to N 10° W, S 10° E. 1l1e fault is probably a wrench fault wiU1 vertical displa- cement accompanying a strike-slip movement. The effect of these stresses on U1e area under consideration lies in the change of the general norU1erly direction of dip to a southern component. 1l1e downUuown block, in the studied area, was dragged down hence U1e changes in the direction of dip. 1l1e eastem part of the Nile Valley Plateau was structmally conh·olled by a group of faults. Upper Eocene at the eastern cliff of U1e Nile has a relative elevation of 327 m. in compruison with 237 m . at U1e western cliff. Most probably a group of faults ru·e located neru· U1e present Nile channel culminating in the up-Uuown of U1e westem side. 1l1e main faults are: ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconn~tion Project CH 5-Pag~ 29 of 184 May 2013- Project No. 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA • Gebel Umm Raqaba Fault - Tilis fault runs in anN 65 W direction for a distance of about 6 Km. TI1e fault plane swings few degrees to the north as well as to the south. The fault affects both the pper Eocene and Pliocene sections. The thrown is to U1e norU1. • W adi Sannur Fault - Tilis fault runs along the southern bank of Wadi Sannur and has a N 48 W direction for a distance of about 8 Km. The Urrown of U1e fault is to the norU1 wiU1 an estimated amount of 10m. • Gebel Turboul Faults : Tilis group of faults comprises three faults . A- A, B- B and C- C . Faults A-A' and B-B run in a northwest- southeast direction N, 15 W. and N .63° W. for distances of 1.7 and 1.0 km respectively. BoU1 faults are of the normal, gravity, strike and longitudinal type. TI1e downUrrown of each fault is ca 20 m. These two faults A- A' and B-B' are traced along U1e slope face of Gebel Tarboul. Two oU1er faults were mapped from the ru·ea at souU1west of Geblel Tarboul. 1l1e first fault has a lengU1 of 20 km ru1d trending N. soo W, while the second fault has a trend No 32° W, and a lengU1 of 1.7 km. Fault C-C', has a trend No 33° W. and a length of 2.0 km. TI1e fault is of U1e nom1al, gravity, sb.ike and longitudinal type. The Urrown of Ulis fault is towards U1e souU1 wiU1 amount of 15 m . ESIA for Hehvan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Ptoject CH 5-Page 30 of 184 May 2013 ·Project No. 1750 · HP ECG &-J.;V1Vb00 ~\r. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-9 Sketcll Mnp of t11e Structural Aspects of tile Nubinu-Arnbinu Sllieltf Mnrgin in Egypt nud Siuni (after Schlumber-jer, 1984) ) UNSTABLE ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ lnterconn~tion Project CH 5-Page31 of I 84 May 2013 -Project o. 1750- HP ECG C:tJ.ih.lb..60 IPV. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA FigureS-10 Scltemntic Mnp sltowiug tlte Major Tectonic Elements in Nortltent Egypt ·p~ . B HARIYA OASIS I IJO ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interco.nnection Project CH 5-Page32 of 184 May 2013 ·Project No. 1750 · HP ECG&-~~(p\1. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA 5.2.4 Natural Resources The natural resources in Helwan - El-Minya Stretch are: 1. TI1e fertile agticultural soil. 2. TI1e Groundwater Resources 3. Limestone; Dolomite, Basalt and clay which quarried and used as a building stone materials, commercial marble, road pavements , cement Brick and Cement industries The reserve of the main materials is shown in Table 5-10. Table 5-10 T11e Reserve of tl1e Mniu Natural Resources Materials Reserves \ ml Limestone 27.500m3 Sands 18.000m3 Gypsum 70.000m3 Soil 45.000m3 5.2.5 Water Resources 1. Groundwater Resources: Due to U1e continuity of the water beating fom1ation, there is an east-west and west-east grom1dwater flow from U1e reclaimed area (high in elevation) to the flood plain aquifer. LitUe of Uris flow is intercepted by the drains, so the flood plain aquifer is continuously recharged. This causes upward leakage and water- logging of the original Nile Valley lands. The Wadi El-Tru.·fa gt·ound waters (Figure 5-11) have isotopic compositions U1at ru.·e quite ~stinct from those of the Nubian aquifer paleowaters. Tllis result indicates U1at the samples could be composed mostly of evaporated rainwater, such as flash flood waters tl1at must occasionally infiltrate tl1e shallow alluvial aquifers atld the underlying limestone aquifers in the study area. Because tl1e water table in all investigated wells is above tl1e Nile River level (RIGW, 1988) the modem Nile River is unlikely to be tl1e sole source of the gt·ound water under investigation. Tritium (3H), U1e radioactive isotope of hydrogen, has a half-life of 12.43 y. Tritium was produced dming the atmospheric testing of fusion bombs between 1953 and 1964 and is atl excellent tracer for recharge, flow, and mixing processes of young gt·ound waters {Plummer et al., 1993). ESIA for Helwan South Pow~ Plant Transmission Lin~ Int~connection Project CH 5- Pag~ 33 of 184 May 2013 ·Project No. 1750 · HP ECG&-~~~\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP s.A. Figure5-11 Wndi Tnrfn Hydrogeologicnl Cross-Sectiou (after Sultan et. al., 2005) Prectpna non Depth to WT~l2m Depth to I ll WT Sm ... . . ~ - · Ri\·er Ni e :~ +SOm - 31 ~ ~k.-: : · ·~ ......:..;.:_::0 -~ ~·,...-::;:;'7 ~ ~ . . . . . . . .. _;...- +.tO ea Le ·el -- - -- - ------- - -40 -- \ \ \ \ 0 \ \ \ \ , E \ ,' \ ,.'"' _,,Qa.., . ......,...,....,.._ .•).....- \ \ , , d ~:::::· .·:·>>:·:·>> - 500m w \ \ ...,. ...,.' .......-!., I -- ---- - ------- -500 -1000 -1500 -2000 j,,,,,.,, " ) .. .. .. .. c c • c ( c c c c c c ... c c c . c ,, c , c .,,,.,,,,.,, m ' h.. to l nut: Jon n ". t<1r Hard r< k (ol(nl'OU or m= rpho< ru< ).lo.:al I.!T Jndwatt'r t curr..:n \; 1n t1 and \\. thcr J : m 1-1< t<" than 'i mtlhon Ill ,,..,r, a ur onJ.._.,t,-d Ul nulh >n m 1 yrar ON QLlFER E'\:trncr:ion in de rt a rc ESIA for Helwan South Powrr Plant Transmission Line lntrrconnection Project CH 5-Page3 7 of184 May 2013- Project No. 1750- HP ECG~J;A.h.l~(.$\r. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-12 (Contd.) Hydrogeologicnl Mnp of tlte Study Aren (after RIGW, 1992) ll LITHOLOGY (.lLATFR'J RY nddunn Q<4 <·""'41 ,, \' l·ROU DWATER FE'\T iRE.'' "" H<>l kfw~~ti!l .... ~ H.""" 11...'< IJ f'kt UXti'W' (Qr- \) UtlC'S1'-"lflr Kurk:at Frn..) <>«nc!Q -1 .-kJ oonJ ond.,.. l'ldw C'I'W'f~l) lnmu r ·' 1., do, lcmn Clovlanl<• 1 ~"' ) l'l<• Qp-11 11\TERPRFT\TIO. l\.OTf... ... OI: I l!;)(.'ftW(Tpm uJ Q., len! ., r .-a rr.xi.Li!) \ '1 TOPOGRAPHICAL AND GEOlOGI l'ta.=w!Tpll I. 'FOR~lATIO s.n.; .... nd\.: ''c-4,illh"~~ M•<>=>< -.idJ, IOmt c,;ln I m-Tr1 A- A' """ N ~ Mtt.>~.xmfTnm 1\uolt ,loy I 10 ohmic). Both the sandy clay units are not considered suitable for getting grow1dwater. Accordingly, U1e study area bears reasonable potentialities for U1e probable accumulation of groundwater due to the presence of sandy-gravel unit having a suitable Ulickness up to 80 m. The annual precipitation of rain wiUlin U1e study area is very poor and Ulis leads to expect that U1e main source of U1e groundwater wiUlin U1e studied area is U1e seepage from U1e Nile Water. 7. Water Uses: 1. h'l·igation: The in·igation water is hee of charge and readily available for almost all lands U1at officially declared as agricultme land. TI1e inigation system in U1e study area is combined to U1e gravity and water lifting system. Some wells were located in the new cultivated and Urban areas. 2. Dtinking and domestic: All water for dtinking and domestic pmposes are processed and treated Nile water. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5- Pag~ 39 of 184 May 2013- Project No. 1750- HP ECG&-~~:P\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA 5.2.6 Natural Hazards The area usually suffered and threatens by the main natural hazards; flash flood, earthquake and sand dune encroachment. A. Flash Flood: The climate of the Nile Valley is chru:acterized by ru·idity typified by very low rainfall, high evapqration rate and high summer temperature. Nevertheless, the region is occasionally subjected to heavy rainstomlS that commonly followed up by floods . These may cause disastrous iqlpacts on life, roads and settlements. The system of natural drainage of the area is remad· W. EMpl 6 - W.A!a~l 1-W. .46•suty..J ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 41 of 184 May 2013 ·Project No. 1750 · HP ECG&.:;bAtJ~(p\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-14 Boundaries behveen Basins amf Urban Area aud tlte Flasll Flood Potentiality based on tl1e Average Lengtl1 of Overland Flow as Defiued by Horton, 1945 (after A. Harridan, 1999) 30' 00' N ~ 6 Ka ~ /Jallr ufllif~jUrsiljloDIIp«tntW/1] 0 BIISi11 oflf!l(}rkroujlasbjloodpot4!ntiflli~ ll!!!J NldiiJnlll 0!-nt Cl>mJHUf)' D Bll>ilf ofslig•t.flasllfTwdputmtluliq • N~Ur Cars F~Ktory :: t;_ ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 42 of 184 May 2013 - Project No_ 1750 - HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S A TI1e morphometric analysis only does not lead to a final conclusion of assessment of flash flood hazards. Topography, litl1ology and structural forms of an area must be considered. Relief, slope, and meandering and the main topographic factors that control the speed of water. Porosity, pem1eability, and durability of rocks are tl1e important factors of litl1ology. TI1ey control the rate of infiltration and incision of valleys. All these parameters may cause accelerations or deceleration of motion of flash flood waters. 2. Wadi Tarfa Surface Runoff Modeling: TI1e model results were tested against field observations reported for El-Tarfa watershed during the 1994 event (Nairn, 1995) and then applied to U1e Qena watersheds. TI1ese watersheds collect a large proportion of the precipitation in tl1e study area. TI1e frequency of rain storms, tl1e size of the 1994 event was then estimated from archival precipitation data to constrain average annual ground water recharge. Hydrologic and floodplain studies were conducted by using the HEC-1 flood hydrograph package (USACE, 1991). Dming tl1e 1994 storm event, tl1e major highway (which tuns nortl1-soutl1) east of tl1e River Nile at the outlet of Wadi El-Tarfa acted as a dam behind which water collected. The absence of a drainage system under tl1e highway at the time caused a lake to develop. On the basis of U1e field observations and tl1ose made by the Egyptian Geological Survey (Nairn, 1995), the area of U1e lake was estimated to be 3.6 km2. Its average deptl1 was 0.5 m, as indicated by watem1arks left by tl1e 1994 flood event on a building witllin tl1e lake. TI1e volume of water in the lake was estimated at 1.8x106 m3. Sultan et al, 2005, model predicted runoff at U1e outlet of Wadi El- Tarfa at 1.9x106 m3 (Table 5-11). TI1e litl10logy and topography of a watershed's surface area greatly affect the partitioning of water between the estimated initial losses, transmission losses, and downstream runoff. Using Wadi El-Tarfa as an example Sultan, computed tl1e initial losses, transmission losses, and downsh·eam runoff at Altl1ough tl1e sub-basins draining into location A constitute only 9% of the total area of tl1e Wadi El-Tatfa watershed (Figures 5-14, 5-15, 5-16 and 5-17), tl1e rainfall over tlris area encompasses approximately 15% of total precipitation over t11e entire watershed, demonsh·ating the preferential precipitation over tl1e mountains compat·ed to tl1e downstream areas. The highest initial losses are encountered upstream, in areas lat·gely covered by rocks of high infilh·ation capacity (Nubian sat1dstone) . h1 these areas, initial losses amount to approximately 90% of tl1e total precipitation over the sub-basins. Because the downsh-eam and central sub-basins are largely composed of Tertiaty outcrops witl1 low infilh·ation capacity, the initial losses are relatively small (76- 78% of precipitation). Trat1Smission losses at·e relatively lat·ge over doW11Stream sub-bash1S and i11 tl1e cenh·al patts of the watershed, amounting to 16-20% of the total precipitation compared to 3.6% i11 t11e upstream area. Tins pattem reflects tl1e ~latively large mnoff volumes atld t11e wider and denser mesh of alluvial channels in tl1e downstream atld central areas. Conservative estimates of average annual rechat·ge for tl1e exanrined watersheds were obtained by investigating tl1e frequency of stonns tl1at appeat· comparable to or even more intense tl1at1 t11e 1994 event. We identified 16 such events between 1929 and 1983 by assuming that reported montllly precipitation rept-esents a single rain event. Sultan ibid, ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line lnterconnection Project CH 5-Page 43 of 184 May 2013 · Project o_1750- HP ECG C:tdli./.Wb00 ',sr\f. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S.A. estimate average annual recharge for the Tarfa, alluvial aquifers at 4.7 x 106m3, wiU1 U1e assumption U1at a large storm event of the magnitude of U1e 1994 event occurs once every 40 months. Table 5-11 Results of Sultan Hydrology Model for Wndi Tnrfn El-Tarfa Precip itation 76.1 (x 1()6 m 3) Initial losses x 1()6 mJ 58.4 (%of total precip itation) (76.7) Tran smission losses x 1()6 m 3 15.8 (% of total precipitation) (20.8) D ownstream runoff 1.9 (% of total precipitation) (2.5) B. Earthquakes: The ru:ea under U1e consideration is located wiUlin U1e Unstable Shelf. The llistorical information indicated U1at many earU1quakes caused severe damage in U1e norU1ern part of Egypt. Some of U1ese events are related to U1e convergence between the Ahican and Eurasian plates while the others are located wiU1in U1e plate itself. Epicenters of U1e histmical activity are located in some specific areas, which are tectonically active (Figure 5-18). Very important infom1ation about U1e tectonics of Egypt can be obtained from the distribution of seisnlic activity. According to Mal1moud, 2003, Egypt may be divided into eight seisnlic zones according to its seismicity maps. In U1e Egyptian tenitory, U1e dishibution of epicenters of moderate to large and small eru:U1quakes and nlicro-eatthquakes indicates U1at U1e earU1quake activity tends to occurs along U1ree main seisnlically active belts at1d trends. Abou Elenean (1997) divided Egypt into five active seisnlic zones; U1e Gulf of Suez-Northen1 part of Eastetn Desert zone, the SouU1west Cairo zone, U1e NorU1em part of Red Sea, Gulf of Aqaba zone and the Aswanzone. On October 12, 1992, an eat·U1quake with magnitude mb = 5.9 OCCUlTed beneaU1 southweste1n Cairo, northern Egypt. The eat·U1quake epicenter was located at coordinates of 29.75°N and 31.13°E, at U1e outskirts of Dallshour village (Figure 5-20), southwest of Cairo, Egypt. Because of U1e vatying shocks of U1at eat·U1quake, numerous buildings suffered various degrees of damage. A maximum intensity 10 = VIII has been assigned at Manshiyat Fadil village part of GCMA (El-Gammal et al. 1993). ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 44 of 184 May 2013- Project No _ 1750- HP ECG &-~~e-srv. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA FigureS-IS V1e Mniu Bnsins nnd tile Type of tile Surfnce Rock Uuits (after Sultan et. al., 2005 ) • l) 45 Jl l 45 l2 15 33 15 33 45 34 15 0 25 50 100 N ~~~--~~~~~ Kilomete1 s A ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Tr.msmissjon line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 4 5 of 184 May 2013 · Project No. 1750 - HP ECG &-Jih.lb00 :PV. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-16 Wa di Tarfn Dow nstream -1, Main Wadi S Locations of Samples ~z,. Asphaltic Road i N 0 I 20 km 28° 30' 28° 00' ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 46 of 184 May 20 13 ·Project No_ 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S A FigureS-17 Wadi Tnrfn Neh vork nud Some Hydraulic Parameters (after Sultan e t. al, 2005) . .s e r ~ "' ~ c l::: '-' "' "' c 9 ('II s ...I ~ !I' ('II - "' :::=s -1! e ('II -!I' ., c. .... s ; :;. ., .s ., ('II ~ ... ... ~ :a ., - c; ;.;. ;.;. c = ('II ~ ~ ~ c """ ESIA for Helwan South Power PJ,ant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 47 of 184 May 2013 -Project No. 1750- HP ECG C:t~~IP\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-18 Wadi Tarfa Dow nstream Flood Water A ccumulaHou East of Beui Sueif- El-Miuia Eastem Highw ay af ter tile N ovember 1994 Flaslt Flood ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5-Pag~ 48 of 184 May 2013- Project o. 1750 - HP ECG&-~~e-srv ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA The fault plane solution of the mainshock and the spatial distribution of its aftershocks imply that tins earti1quake involved normal faulting (Figure 5-20) witi1 some strike slip component (El-Hadidy 1993, Maamoun et al. 1993, Hussein et al. 1998, Hussein 1999). In spite of its relatively moderate magnitude, damage caused by tins earthquake was large. Maximum damages were reported from Cail'O, El-Giza and El-Faiyum wllich lie near ti1e epicenter and witilin ti1e Nile Valley (Figure 5-21). It was estimated that about 8300 dwellings were destroyed, 561 people were killed, and 6500 were injured. An official investigation revealed ti1at 1343 schools were damaged beyond any repair, 2544 need major repair and 2248 need repair maintenance Qapanese Expert Team 1993, K11ater 1992, Thenhaus et al. 1993). The obsE:rved liquefaction near ti1e earthquake epicenter occun-ed in an agticultural area of alluvial Nile deposits . Abu Elenean (1997), used local seismic stations of Egypt Fig. 5. Locations of sand liquefaction and areas setiously damaged dming the 1992 DallShour earthquake Qapanese Expert Team 1993) which are located at Helwan, Kattamia, El Minya, with ten short petiod portable MEQ stations installed after DallShour earthquake and few stations in Saudi Arabia, Jordan and Israel for locating ti1e local aftershocks. The depti1 cross-sections of tile aftershock distribution are shown in Fig. 6. In Egypt, ti1ere are no strong motion accelerographs installed in Cairo and its vicinity (Figures 5-22, 5-23 and 5-24). C. Liquefaction: It was very pronounced at Ezbet El Gammal, Aquaz, Atfieh, Massaged Mousa, Menyet El Saff and Helwan (Figure 5-25}. Water level exceeded one meter over some cultivated area. The trend of cracks (70° and 110°) was also observed on the eastern side of ti1e Nile Valley after ti1e Dal1suer earthquake. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 49 of 184 May 2013 · Project No. I 750 - HP ECG &Jt:vitlb00 1/Jr\J. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-19 Seismicity Mnp of Egypt (after Sieberg, 1932) ,/ .. / SINAl . ~ 0 ... '" Jltlt..M ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 50 of 184 May 20 13 ·Project o. 1750- HP ECGifJiAV~ (J;r\1. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-20 Digital Elevation Regional Map slwwiug Border of lite Greater Cairo Metropolitan Area (rectangle), tlte Epicenter (star) of tlte 1992 Dal1slwur Eartltquake, Main Cities and Towns (squares), aml lite Recording KEG Station Site (triangle) Used in tltis Study. Colour Version of litis Figure is Available i11 Electronic Edition Only (after Moustafa et. al., 2009) 800 750 700 150 aoo 550 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 so 0 ·50 30 30.5 31 31.5 32 ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconn..:tion Project CH 5-Page 51 of 184 May 2013 . Project No. 1750 · HP ECG&-Jt:Vil~(p\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA FigiueS-21 (a) Regioual Geological Map of Study Area. (b) Tile Surface aud Subsurface Faults of Egypt (Both Plots after U1e Egyptian Geological Survey and Mining Authority 1981) (after Moustafa et. al., 2009) ~ Fault z 0 0 ... ? M Water ? ... M Sand Dune Sabkha Deposits Cultivated Land ~ Wadi Deposits ~ 0 0 b 0 Calc Arenite ? 0 M M Nile Marine Beds Clastics Gypsum Basalt Dykes z ~ . 0 b en N Fluvatile Gravel Marine Limestone b ? en N Shale Eocene Rocks JO•JO'O"E 31 . 0'0"E 31 . 30'0"E 32•o•o• ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 52 of 184 May 2013 ·Project o_ 1750- HP ECG6t.1bhJ~~PV. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-22 Epicenter Distribution of Varying Magnitude Earthquake, Focal Meclwnism of Principal Earthquakes and Active Seismic Trends (A, B, C and Dafter Kebeasy ·1990, and E after Maamoun and El-Khasab, 1978) A :~ .-_. : ltiotAHWal ~ ............ '' • ' Rftftt ~. . to·~ ; ~ ,I I I -,-; - - ... ... ... c U \ J20 34° ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 53 of 184 May 20 13 - Project o. 1750- HP ECG &-~~ (p\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA FigureS-23 EnrtiUJitnke A ctiv ity ofNorfllern Part of Egypt f rom August 1997 to February 2008. T11e A"ow Points to the Location of tile 12 October 1992 Dnltsl1011r Eart11quake Epicenter, w l1ile tl1e ball sl10w s the Focal M eclwnism of tlwt Eveut (after Hussein 1999) z i:. ~J-----.--~.r----~~-1~~~~-J~, ---~~dU N ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmi~sion Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 54 of 184 May 2013 -Project No. 1750- HP ECGC:tJ\;.Vil~~v ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-24 Modified Mercnlli Intensity (MMI) Distribution of October 12, 1992, Enrtlufltnke (after TI1enhaus et al. 1993; credit: U.S. Geological Swvey) [Grey A.l:eas Represent Agricultural Lands while Dark Grey area is Urban Region] ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5 - Pag~ 55 of 184 May 2013 ·Project No. 1750 - HP ECG &-).;Vi)~~\!. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-25 Locations of Snud Liquefaction nud nrens Seriously Dnmnged during flte 1992 Dnltslwur Enrfltqunke (Japanese Expert Team 1993) Mcdi1errancan Sea 14~10<)' br road (approxtmme) 0 Major city (approximate) Pyn.mid 201 .. 0 Scale ESIA for H~lwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5-Pag~ 56 of 184 May 2013 -Project No_1750- HP ECG&v~~~\.r. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUPs A. D. Karst and Pot-Holes: Due to groundwater seepage and surface water infiltration in Wadi Garawi basin, the water stored within U1e joints and U1e fractm·e of the carbonate rocks. TI1e dissolution process resulting in the fom1ation of pot-holes and karst features. Some negative geotechnical problems are locally known U1at adverse! affected buildings and oU1er engineering structures in Helwan and 15 rd Ma City including cracking of buildings and roads. In several parts all over the 15 May City, U1e fractures are accompanied by karst features that resulted from the d1emical action of vadose and deeper ground waters Uuough planes of U1ese fractm·es . E. Sand Dune Encroachments: Abd Moati (1993) stated U1at U1e linear dune, of Wadi El Rayan, is relatively short (10 km) and nan·ow (0.1-0.2 km) organized in Uuee parallel belts and apart from a few bones is concentrated in U1e eastern part of U1e depression. E1 Gindi (2000) stated U1at U1e inter dune area of the exh·eme eastern belt in Uris dune field is reclaimed and is cultivated during U1e last U1ree decades, and the dunes appear as captm·ed by cultivated.land. A group of barchans and elongated sand dunes are located in N-S direction. parallel to U1e Nile Valley and close to U1e cultivated land, west of Samalut city (Figure 5-26). TI1ese sand dunes represent a natm·al hazard to U1e cultivated land, in an area subjected to development and setUements in Egypt; U1erefore it needs scientific studies elucidating the genetic development and characteristics of U1ese sand dunes as well as U1eir risk. TI1e study dunes are part of large dune fields extending about 150 km in a longitudinal shape from U1e depression of Wadi El Rayan to the western margins of the Nile Valley; it lies between Latitudes 28°15'N and 28°21'N and Longitudes 29°30'E and 30°35'E. TI1is dune field is built of several parallel compound and complex dtme belts extending in U1e SSE direction. Landsat ETM images and topographic maps show U1at the dune form changes from linear ridges to barchan and barchanoid belts. From the topographlc maps, U1e field can be divided into two parts: U1e norU1ern part in Wadi El Rayan is donrinated by linear dunes, while barchans and barchanoid occur in the souU1ern part outside the depression.Said (1981) named Uris stretch of aeolian sand dw1e remains as El Khafoug Formation, inter-finger boU1 the Pre- Nile deposits of the Middle Pleistocene (ending 200 000 BP) and U1e Neo-Nile sediments of the Late Pleistocene sediments to be 12 000-20 000 BP. TI1e Western Desert of Egypt is part of the driest region on the earth for Uris reason wind is U1e main agent of erosion and deposition in a completely aeolian environment (El-Baz and Wolf, 1981). TI1e main featm'e in U1e souU1e1n section of U1ese dw1e fields is U1at the easte1n arm of most barchans extends souU1wards more U1an the western one, making U1e form of linear dw1e or "Draa" (arm). TI1e lengU1 of these Draa vades from 0.30 to 3 km and with a mean direction of 150°. The evolution of the linear dunes out of U1e eastern born of barchans and ultimately growing into an independent ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH S·Pag~ 57 of184 May 2013 ·Project No. 1750 · HP ECG0trbhU~IPV. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUPs A. longitudinal dune is not only caused by NNW winds as indicated by the mean wind pattem but also by the stormy wind component blowing even more from the west. l11e slope of the terrain is from west to east towards the Nile Valley and thus the sand moves preferably down slope. The dune movement and sand encroachment on U1e cultivated fields along U1e margins of the Nile flood plain represent a permanent Uueat to soil productivity and agricultural production in this region. Dunes move at rates U1at have been variously estimated from 10 to 100 mfyear (Bagnold, 1941); the rates are proportional to the lengU1 of dmation of U1e effective wind as well as to the size, angle of slope and length of the windward side of the dune. The dune movement is controlled not only by U1e mean wind pattem but also by U1e stormy wind component blowing even more from the west. l11e slope of the tetTain is from west to east towards the Nile Valley and thus the sand moves preferably down slope. The dune size is expressed by U1e smface (area) of U1e dune as estimated from the image by the Arc GIS software (Figure 5-26) m . They are larger towards the east and smaller towards U1e west (Figure 5-21); the relation is an almost perfect linear relation. l11e same dunes tend to be also larger towards U1e souU1, but wiU1 a less perfect linear relation. In general, it can be concluded that U1e dunes are generally larger in the down wind direction (SE direction). ESlA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 58 of 184 May 2013 ·Project No. 1750 - HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA FigureS-26 Snud Dune Cllnuge DetecHo11 (after El-Gamrnal , 2010 ) . z 0 b 30°30'0"E 30°40'0"E I() &, N z z b b b b ~ ~ 0 0 CIO CIO N N . z . z 0 0 b C') g 0 0 CIO CIO N N . z 0 b z • 0 b N N 0 0 CIO CIO + N N z b b CIO N . z 0 b ...- 0 CIO N -- 7 J.l. Km 7 1986 • z z b b b b 0 1999 0 CIO CIO N N 30°30'0"E 30" 40'0"E 2002 ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line lriterconnection Project CH 5-Page 59 of184 May 2013 -Project o. 1750- HP ECGC:t).i/w~ esrv ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-27 Sand Dune Encroncluueut iu tile West Sammnlut Area ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5- Page 60 of 184 May 2013- Project No. 1750- HP ECG&-~~~\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA 5.2.7 Background Air Quality Air Quality Monitoring along tl1e Entire Route Concentrations of ambient pollutants vruy according to both time and location. They are affected by many factors, the most significant being the size, number and location of emission som'Ces and the prevailing weather. Air quality monitoting at the proposed site was undertaken by the Air Pollution Preclusion Depruiment, National Research Center dming February 2012 on behalf of ECG. Monitoring took place at Nine monit01ing sites along the entire route, namely ,Helwru1. Es-Saff, Wadi Ar-Rashrash, Mid-area between Jabal Humr Shaybm1 & Beni- Sueif, Wadi Sannur, Jabal Al-Mirayr, Jabal Al-Allffiffi·, Beni-Mazar and Samallout (see Figure 5-28}. Continuous measmements, over a period of 24 homs, were taken for nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CQ0, sulfur dioxide (~, aldehydes (HCHO), hydrogen sulfide (H~), smoke and total suspended particulates (TSP). The results of this monitoring ru-e shown in Table 5-12 mul Table 5-13 below. Comparison with Egyptiat1111fe5hold limit Values (ILVs) (as stipulated in Law 4/1994) show that the concentrati011S of gaseous pollutants in ambient air along the proposed route are within the 1LVs for 24 hour averages. TableS-12 Mean Conceutrntious of Gaseous Air Pollutants along tlle Entire R oute No. Site co COz SO z N Oz HCHO HzS m'!/m3 m'[/m3 J1'!/m3 J1'!/m3 J1'!/m3 J1'!/m3 1. Helwan 1.16 13.54 14.61 9.13 17.36 11.31 2. Es-Saff 1.14 64.15 17.97 26.62 28.31 8.33 3. Wadi Ar-Rashrash 2.22 69.32 32.66 46.3 20.21 30.95 4. JabalHumr 0.95 59.02 61.28 58.32 26.4 6.86 Shaybun/Beni-Sueif 5. WadiSannur 1.91 44.11 35.13 27.12 25.12 9.18 6. Jabal Al-Mirayr 2.17 31.12 32.17 21 .15 47.31 14.18 7. Jabal Al-A11mar 1.88 41.77 29.41 23.62 57.11 15.17 8. Beni-Mazar 2.11 35.17 22.81 26.55 61.33 13.11 9. Samallout 1.17 48.30 27.18 28.59 68.61 4.75 EEAA TLV<•J 10 - 150 150 - - (8-hrmean) Notes: (*) According to the Envi.J.·o11ment Law #4 (1994) modified by the Law #9 (2009). -Not listed ill the law. CO= Carbon monoxide C~=Carbon dioxide ~= Sulphur dioxide N02=Nitrogen dioxide H2S= Hydrogen Sulphide HCHO=Aldehydes ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5- Pag~ 61 of 184 May 2013 . Project No. 1750- HP ECG C:t~~~v ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA FigureS-28 T11e Entire Route,Arens nud f11e Selected Mouitoriug Locntious Helwan • ~ Zahraa Al-Maadi Es-Saff • . SOOkV S/S Wadi AI- Rashrash • Location of the Helwan Beni-Sueif 0 SouthPower Project Wadi Sannur • Jabal Humr Shay bun • Location of t he Jabal AI- Samail out Mirayr 500 kV S/S '- North • • • Direction Samallout Bent-Mazar Jabal Al-Ahmar Scale: 1 : 50,000 ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5- Pag~ 62 of 184 May 2013 -Project No. 1750- HP ECGC:td1.ih.l~ ~V. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA TableS-13 Mean Concentrations of Solid Air Pollutants along tile Entire Route No. Total Suspended Particulate Smoke Site J.t!ifm3 1J!ifm3 1. Helwan 177.85 45.11 2. Es-Saff 211 .91 89.53 3. Wadi Ar-Rashrash 199.33 68.13 4. Jabal Humr Shaybtm/Beni- 123.51 52.21 Sueif 5. WadiSannur 155.83 59.71 6. Jabal Al-Mirayr 115.91 39.43 7. Jabal Al-Ahmar 145.49 53.74 8. Beni-Mazar 77.18 29.47 9. Samailout 115.62 33.95 TIV* 230 150 Notes: * According to the Environment Law #4 (1994) modified by the Law #9 (2009). 5.2.8 Back ground Noise Level TI1e measurements were carried out at both of the Zahraa Al-Maadi SfST and Samallout SfST locations (Figures 5-29 and 5-30) with precision sow1d level meter type B&K. All of the instruments used conform to IEC651 Type 1 accuracy. (Precision sound level meter, intended for laboratory or field use where accurate measw·ements are required). TI1e measwing equipment was calibrated before and after the swvey in accordance to the manufacturer' s instructions. TI1e instruments were calibrated internally and extemally at 94 dB using Bruel & Kjaer Sound Calibrator, Type 4231 . (No variation in the calibration signal was noted). For all the measurements, U1e sound level meter was mounted on a tripod 1.5m above U1e ground. TI1e microphone was always fitted wiU1 a windshield dwing U1e noise measw·ements dw·ation. TI1e time weighting was fast, and the frequency weighting was A. Noise level was recorded at the locations by a series of spot measurements. Measured Quantities • All measurements and quantities are A-weighted. • The instruments quickly provide time histmies of the frequency weighted noise levels from which U1e Equivalent Continuous Sound Level LAeq is detemlined as well as all oU1er needed variables. • The standard statistical parameters and c1itelia (LAeq, LAFMax, LAFMin, LAF01, ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 63 of 184 May 20 13 - Project o. 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA FigureS-29 Measurement Locations nt Znl1rnn Al-Mnndi Aren ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 64 ofl84 May 2013 - Project No. 1750 - HP ECG&vd1iAV~ e-srv ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-30 Measurement Locntious at Snmnlluot Area "I I / - ...r ...... I \ \ ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ lnterconn~tion Project CH 5-Page 65 of 184 May 2013 -Project No. 1750- HP ECGif);ViL)000 (p\J. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA • LAF10, LAFSO and LAF90) • Sequential analysis in terms of 1/3 octave frequency bands (spectmm) was recorded as ftmction of time. All precaution comply to ISO 1996-2:1987(and 1998) and BS 4142. Summary of Results 1. Zaluaa Al-Maadi 5/ST Area The results of the noise measurements are presented as follows: • Measured parameters for different locations (Table 5-14). • Third-Octave analysis for the noise signals (Figure 5-31). Figure 5-32 depicts some measurement photos. Table 5-14 Main Parameter Values over f11e Measured Rediugs at Znltraa Al-Mn.adi S/ST LocaHou Loution LAeq LASMox LASMin LAFl LAPS LAFlO LAFSO LAF90 LAPJ5 LAF99 1 56.51 62.37 52.93 62.05 58.92 58.08 55.82 54.23 53.92 53.50 2 59.13 67.04 55.85 63.91 62.10 60.94 58.19 56.48 56.17 55.57 3 59.54 72.37 51.79 71 .69 64.64 61.60 55.26 52.94 52.41 51 .59 4 53.74 62.27 52.85 51.53 52.02 50.31 55.44 53.83 53.54 53.06 5 54.62 61.4 59.03 50.26 57.96 56.68 53.94 51.73 50.64 58.94 6 55.41 53.58 59.61 53.53 57.94 57.01 54.30 52.79 52.08 50.84 7 54.41 50.07 50.55 59.35 57.05 56.12 53.90 51.73 51.17 50.47 8 52.47 54.95 58.6 55.28 54.18 53.73 52.35 50.87 50.68 50.41 9 51 54.46 58.07 54.78 53.17 52.42 50.47 59.49 59.23 58.74 10 55.65 59.28 53.79 59.57 57.83 57.19 55.20 54.20 53.99 53.66 11 57 70.69 51.84 60.20 58.33 57.84 55.83 52.62 52.23 51.61 12 58.68 70.28 53.62 70.23 63.75 60.22 55.52 53.85 53.58 53.14 13 54.87 66.29 55.78 54.50 51 .41 59.42 59.37 56.58 56.10 55.64 14 51.08 59.73 48.19 55.99 53.81 52.90 50.12 48.65 48.41 48.05 15 54.63 60 50.87 60.52 . 57.57 56.56 53.71 51.86 51.62 51.26 16 58.15 67.56 53.2 68.00 63.75 58.82 55.56 53.89 53.53 52.93 17 57.44 63.53 54.82 62.80 59.99 58.88 56.80 55.40 55.13 54.41 18 54.9 61 .42 56.49 51.59 50.62 59.78 50.63 58.05 57.26 56.45 19 58.89 50.19 57.76 50.19 57.17 51.03 52.16 59.21 58.21 57.53 Avenge 55.69 Measurements Conclusion • For fi1e current situation fi1e sources is very limited only nqise communing from file wind. • All 1/3 octave analysis indicate normal reading for file noise level not exceeding fi1e expected values around the area. • The direction of the wind will help reducing noise level. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 66 of 184 May 2013 - Project No. 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA FigureS-31 Spectrum Grnplt of Vnlues of Sound Levels for Enclt Tltird Octave Bnud nt Zoltrnn Al-Mandi (Locations 1 through 6) I I I I I I --~--~--~--~---~ --~--~--L--~---~ I I I I I __ L __ L __ L __ L ___ L I I I I I I I I I --r--r--r--r-- ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Tl'llnsmission Lin~ Interconnection Ptoject CH 5- Pag~ 67 of 184 May 2013 • Ptoject No. 1750- HP ECG~t:vil~ '$\!. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-31 (Contd.) Spectrum Grnpli ofVnlues ofSotiud Levels for Enclt TI1ird Octave Bnud nf Zaiirnn AT-Mnndi (Locations 7 through 12) ~--~--~--~--~---~ I I I I I I L __ L __ L __ L __ L ___ L I I I I I I I I I I I r--r--r--r--r--- ' ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page68 of184 May 2013 - Project No. I 750 - HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-31 (Coutd.) Spectrum Grnpl1 ofVnlues of Sound Levels for Encll Tllird Octnve Bnud nt Znllrnn Al-Mnndi (Locations 13 Hrrough 19) I I .,--r--,--~--r---"'t --t---t--+--1----t I - - r-- -; - -.,..- _,_-- "'t I I I I - - r - -,-- T - - , - - - "T I I I I I ESIA for Hehvan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Ptoject CH 5- Pag~ 69 of 184 May 2013 - Ptoject o_1750 - HP ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-32 Some Mensurement Pl10tos nt Znltrnn Al-Mnndi Aren ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5-Pag~ 70 of 184 May 20 13- Project No. 1750- HP ECGetdWwb00 e-sr\r. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA 2. Samallout S/ST Area The results of the noise measurements are presented as follows: • Meastu'ed parameters for different locations (Table 5-15). • Third-Octave analysis for the noise signals (Figure 5-33). Figure 5-34 depicts some m eastu'emen t photos. Table 5-15 Mniu Parnmeter Values over tlte M easured Readiugs at Samallout S/ST Location Loulioa LAeq L.U'Max LASMla LAil. LAFS L AFlO L.-\£50 L.-\£90 L.-\£99 R~aark:s I 62 .95 75.74 47.68 . . . . . . 2 74.1 83.74 60.22 83.24 SO. I 7. 2 70.86 61.48 60.01 During 3 68.1 80.62 64.3 76.36 72 .75 71.06 65.18 64.44 64.10 measuring there 4 64.83 73.27 62.35 67.60 65.83 65.29 64.68 64.19 63.75 was c:onti:uues 5 67.56 81.57 62.72 78.80 70.56 67.70 65.31 64.48 61.90 boavy trucks 6 74.01 88.37 59. 9 84.23 9. 6 77.48 0.68 61.49 57.51 mdpotroloum 7 73.91 82.04 56.68 81.65 80.28 77.31 72.02 59.1 7 55 .59 bolic:opttn. 8 55 .77 73.23 43.58 67.85 62.86 58.64 47.79 43 .75 42.32 . ~ 9 53.73 74.05 43.83 6 .63 56.44 53.07 47.02 44.58 42.94 Normal roading no trucks or ~ . = bolic:optor. ~ rll Th~clynamic 10 57.54 80.89 46.48 1.25 59.11 55.88 48.83 45 .99 44.60 range was low. Thue was a 11 66 .59 86.98 46.19 80.72 68.08 64.89 51.53 46.61 44.96 boavy truck on the servant road. 12 72.48 86.65 51.31 . . . . . . 13 73.38 87.4 57.0 7 . . . . . . Normal roading 14 66.8 1 81.11 53.51 6.52 72.61 0.86 62.39 56.90 53.26 no trucks or bolicoptor 15 73.2 89.25 55.64 81.13 78.72 77.59 68.46 61.28 53 .03 16 75 .6 85.64 54.29 84.05 81.43 80.05 72 .41 60.19 54.13 17 76.46 90.1 54 . . . . . . • Out of dynamic range. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page ,71 of 184 May 2013 -Project No. 1750- HP ECG &-~b:-60 V9V. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-33 Spectrum Grnplt of Vnlues of Souud Levels for Enclt Tllird Octnve Bnud (Locations 1 through 17) I I I I I I I I ______ L __ l ___, I I I I - I'--- L- I - JI -- -'- I - -'---- ! I I I I I I I 1 I I I . I - - - · - - - t" - - , . - - , -~-- r -- ,- - , ---r---T I I I I I I I I I I - - - ' - - - L - - J. - - J -L- -L -- ~ -- J ---L- -- ~ I I I I I I I I I I I I o --r--,-- 1 I I ~- -J I ___ IL __ L I I I __ J ___ , ___ L ___ l I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I ,.-- , ---r --r--,---.---r --- T I I I I I I I I J. __ J ___ , ___ L - - J - - - ' - - - L - - - 1 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I ___ L __ L __ J __ ~--- ' ---- 1 I I I I I I I I I I I I ---r--r--,-- , ---r---T I I I I I I ---L--L--~- - J - --L---~ I I I I I I I I I I I r- -,-- -,- - - ,--- I I I Location 7 ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 72 of 184 May 20 13 -Project No. 1750- HP ECGb-~~~v ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-33 (Contd.) Spectrum Grnplt of Vnlues of Sound Levels for En ell T1tird Octnve Bnnd (Locations 1 through 17) I I I I I ' ' ' - - -·- __ 1_ __ _1 _ I I ~---L-_ I L I __ J __ I J ___ L I ___ ! 1 I I I I' __l __ l __ J ___ L ___ l I I I I I I I --- , ---r--7-- ~ --- I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I , I I I I I I I I ~ --- ~ --~--1-- ~ --- ~ --- T ---~--r-- T --~----- -r -- T --~--- ~ -- - ? I I I I I I I I I I 1 I I I I I I I ~ --- ~ --L-_J __ J ___ L --- ~ -- L -- ~ --J ___ L ___ ! I I I I I I I I I I I I ,---,--- r-- , --,---.----T I I I I I I I I I I I I I -r--T-- , ---r--- I I I I L - - .J - - - 1 - - - L - - - ' ' Location 15 Location 16 ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Ln~ Interconnect.ion Project CH 5-Pag~ 73 of 184 May 20 13 -Project. No. 1750- HP ECGC:td1i./w~ V&rv ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-33 (Contd.) Spectrum Grnplt of Values of Sound Levels for Enclt Tltird O ctnve Bnud (Locations 1 tluough 17) r---------------------------rou~--------------------------~ =- I I - I - I. I I I I I I I I nr-- 1 _ _ _ 1_ _ _ L __ .! ___1 _ _ _ 1_ r- _!. __ .! __ -'- __ 1 ____ 1 ..!. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I ta: r -- -~--- t" - - " T - - """1-- - ~- r - T - - "T---,--- r - - - T I I I I I I I I I I gc ~ --_I_ L __ J. __ ...J _- _ l. __ J. _ ...J ___ L __ _ I I I I I I I I I evr I I -, ---r--- 1 --1---- "''--~~ Dc~,6~.u • 3L OO . ..... ~~u ~.u~ _a ~.u~. .ua~.u~~ ~~·~ ~ua~ ~~~ •oo ~~--~A ~L~ ~ CU1cT U.oq - 71l.2 <1!S W'V--*.0 - flit HZ - Ill Ulv.lo Location 17 ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5- Pag~ 74 of 184 May 2013 · Project No. 1750 • HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-34 Some Measurement Pl10tos nt Snmnllout ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 75 of 184 May 2013 - Project No. I 750 - HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S A Measurements Conclusion • For Ute current situation based on fue nearby activity fue sources is basically noise communing from the traffic. • Tite area down to the proposed line have some small village is considered to be a residential area having some framers fuat works in villages. • All 1/3 octave analysis indicate normal reading for Ute noise level not exceeding Ute expected values around Ute area. apart from low range generated from in-igation equipments. • The direction of fue wind will help reducing noise level on U1at villages • There will be no effect on Ute power line on fue residential area from noise point of view. • Most line alignment are some distance from residential areas. Noise Prediction Code for Sn.mnllout Area The work procedures for noise prediction at Samallout included fue following steps: Providing Ute prediction software wifu Ute available data from Ute EEHC such as equipment specifications and Ute layout. RUiming Ute software for evaluation. Analysis of fue results and verification. Issuing Utis report wifu Ute output results. Ann lysis of Results Adding Ute backgmund noise in fue area resulted in the cummulative effect of noise, which is exacUy fue same at residential areas meaning that fue line will have no effect on most residential area at Samallout At Ute h·ansformer station a noise swvey should be conducted after installation of Ute new cells (see Figures 5-35 through 5-38). ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 76 of 184 May 2013 . Project No. 1750. HP ECG &-~~~tr. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-35 Mnin Line Routing nud Mniu R esidential Blocks nt tlte Snmallout Aren (2D view) Build in Housing Region village>). Foliage Region. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plaut Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5-Pag~ 77 of 184 May 2013 - Project No. 1750 -. HP ECG ifJ..i/M.l~ (!;r\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-36 Noise Gradient Contours for Samnllout Aren in Ldeu ~ Building. HOltsi.ng Region. Foliage Region. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 78 of 184 May 2013 - Project No. 1750- HP ECGif)i.hJ~~V. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA FigureS-37 Noise Levels for Snmallout Aren iu Ldeu r • •• ·•t.t· ~G ~"> · H>... ·1t .<~ · ~ · tU·11~ · H-:.*·11 .t · .-,o:o- · tOt · 11:'1" · 10".&· tO s: ... =" ·ro-.t · te r "9".7 ··• ·"' . , _, '' ' ' :o.a 10.0 11.0 11.2 10.0 I U IU 11.0 IU 11..5 11.5 11 4 I I.J 11.l: 111 IO.D 10 IO.f 10 ) 10 .0 ; .1 :•o 1 110 117 121 II J ,,. IU ,, .. , , 3 12 3 I U '" ,,. I l l 117 '" ,, Ill ••• ••• ,., lo o 116 12 4 121 "' IU 13.1 13 ~ 132 13 1 1 ,., ,, 1.11 '" l te 125 123 12 1 llt 11 ,,. ,. ,,. 11 • Ill '" 131 ll .S 1 4~ 14 D ••• 14.3 13.7 13S ,~ '" 120 121 Il l jH :tu • •• • • 162 14j ,, ,,. IU 13 . 16 1 IU 16 1 14 141 140 130 I P 13 . 131 178 '" lu• 13.6 •:.;\A.H . I o'. Wi. .'l·i . 'IJ. JO,'.JH . W . I•,•. a~ .•:I . L•.•. IV. .'U . ~': ••• • 1 7 \'"' !no 1111 ,, .:•'.6 .1 l JOat.o n .2 10.4 10.0 t~o ts.e 15.o '' ·" t6 .o te t t ~A 151 t48. tJ.t . : 1"0 ts 1 . 10 ~ I .5 l- t8 . a 17.0 10 0 : 1"0 15.2 10 CI :I~ I 1&.3 ;14.1 1!.& ; 141 ! S.l : ll.O 15.tl : IJ 4 14 4 ; tJ O IU : tl e 1).3 : 121 tU 18 .1 17 .5 17 .0 16 .9 17 .0 17 .8 17 .9 17 .2 16.0 1! Honsine Region. F oli~ge Region. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5- Pag~ 79 of 184 May 20 13 -Project No. 1750- HP ECG 0trl.iAD ~ :P\1. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA. Figure 5-38 3D View Noise Gradient Contours for Snmnllout in Lden ESIA for Hehvan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 80 of 184 May 2013 - Project No. I 750 - HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S A 5.3 LAND -USE/LAND-COVER l11e topographic maps of the study area at scale 1: 100 000 were converted into digital format using AutoCad 20025/W, and then converted into ARCL/INF coverage. The tiuee Landsat TM scenes acquired in 1987 and 2002 were processed using ERDAS Imagine 8.6 SjW. Projection parameters for ti1ese datasets (Universal Transverse Mercator, Zone 36, and WGS 84 Datum) were used as the basis for which to register the subsequent datasets. To facilitate ti1e digitizing process, all topographic maps were scanned using the AO scanner of 300.00 dpi resolution. These scanned topographic maps were inserted into ti1e Arc GIS 0.9 for digitizing various featme classes (Figme 5-39). The representation of continuous elevation values over a topographic smface by a regular array of z-values, referenced to a common datum. DEMs are typically used to represent telTain relief, (Figme 5-40) . Field Investigation: A field study has been conducted to record the Ctll'fent development activities at ti1e project site and collect samples of ti1e different nattu'al and antiuopogenic environmental feattu'es. l11e GPS was used also dtll'ing the verification of ti1e produced land-usejland-<:over maps. Field Methodology • Visiting representative locations for ideal geoenvironmental featmes (including vegetation, ROUP SA Figure 5-43 Urbnn Development nrens behveen1987 nmt 2002 nt the En stem Side of tlte Nile River of tlte Study Aren ESIA for Helwan South Power Plam Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 89 of 184 May 2013 - Project No. 1750- HP ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-44 Agriculture Development Arens beh veen 1987 nml2002 Along tlte Nile River of tl1e Study Area ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 90 of 184 May 2013 -Project No. 1750 - HP ECG &-~000vaV. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-45 Developmeut Croos Secnou of tile Trnusmission Liue Aloug the Nile River of t11e Snm11out Study Aren ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5- Pag~ 91 of 184 May 2013 -Project No. I 750 - HP ECG &-~~Vs:\J. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-46 E:rnmple of t11e Transmission Line Covered f11e Study Aren Legend ~ 0 i "----------r~~== ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5 -Pag~ 92 of 184 May 2013 · Project No. 1750 · HP ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA 5.4 ROUTE'S BACKGROUND SE1TING OF THE TRANSMISSION LINE Detailed route maps of U1e transmission line are given in Figure 5-47 through Figure 5-57. ' Figure 5-47 Mnps of tl1e Arens wllicl1 Accommodates fl1e Eutire 500 kV Transmission Line R oute for Interconnectiug Helwnu South Power Project Helwan ZahraaAl-Maadi 5OOkV 5/S Es-Saff Wadi Ar- Rashrash JabalHumr Beni-Sueif Location of the Helwan South Shaybun Power Project Wadi Sannur Location of the Samallout Jabal Al-Mirayr 500kV S/5 Samallout Beni-Mazar Jabal Al-Ahmar '- North Directio n Scale: 1 : 50,000 ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 93 of 184 May 2013 -Project No. 1750- HP ECG (3w.ill~~v ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-48 Mnp of t11e Helwn11 Aren ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plam Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5- Page 94 of 184 May 2013 -Project No. 1750- HP ECG (;zy1.;.V1l)b00 ~P'\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-49 Mnp of tile Es-Snff Aren -- ·-- II II 111 _.__. ~I __ - - ..__..,.._., _.. .... -~ == :=:::-::::: ---- --- - ~~- ... .! ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 95 of 184 May 20 13 - Project o. 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-50 Mnp of tlte W ndi Rns1trns1z A ren ... .. -- -~ - ------- = . g.~~:::~i-f. ,.:::::: ..... -- ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 96 of 184 May 2013 -Project No _ 1750 - HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-51 Mnp of the ]nbnl Humr Snybon Aren .J~.r--o>~ JABAL HUMR SHAYBUN - \ ' \. " + . - I_ ....... _ - :..-::-::.-:-- ------ .. ;;:::~~= ...,. :.. • = ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 97 of 184 May 2013 -Project No. 1750 - HP ECG &-JihJ~IP\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA. Figure 5-52 Mnp of tile Beni-Sueif Area ......___....,.._....,........:.. BANlSUW~~ A Y~F--------~~------~----. J. ~ I. ..=. .. , . .. '= • ~ ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line lnterco.nnection Project CH 5-Page 98 of 184 May 20 13 -Project No. 1750- HP ECGC:t~~~v ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S A Figure 5-53 Mnp of tile Wndi Smmur Area ~I'.· ..... ll.ftM . ...._.UI;QI'tOYP'"I J_,;.__.., .__s, !.1 ~ WADI SANNOR _I - ::.. .: . ,• ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Tfllnsmission Lin~ lnterconn~tion Project CH 5-Pag~ 99 of 184 May 2013 - Proj~t No. 1750 - HP ENGINE ERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-54 Mnp of tlte Jnbnl Al-Mirnyr Aren ..>--:-'AI~ JABAL AL-MIRAYR I ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 100 of 184 May 2013 -Project o_ 1750- HP I ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S.A. Figure 5-55 Map of f11e Jabal AT-All mer Area ~'i iJ.._...:;::...­ ... _~ , - - - - - ,... l..-- lGVC""lUI~UIIf"'w• JABAL AL-AHMAR I_ - L - - - :-:-::--:..:.:.:...-:: =-'"::.- :::_ .. __ - ESIA for Helwan South Pow~ Plant Transmission Lin~ lnt~connection Project CH 5- Pa g~ 101 of 184 May 20 13 -Project No. 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-56 Mnp of tlte Beui-Mnznr Aren . .. , _,. .... 11 11'~· "~ ~ ·~l " I .~ I I / ( I ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 102 of 184 May 2013 -Project o. 1750- HP ECG &-dbhJ~ \Jx\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-57 Mnp of flte Snmalloufn Aren .I._....!L...-. SAMAI UT I· _I L _ ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconn~tion Project CH 5-Pag~ 103 of 184 May 2013 -Project No. 1750- HP ECG &-~~~V. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-5'7\ Map of fl1e Route of fl1 e TT1ree Existing 220 kV Lines to ZnT1rnn EI-Mnndi Substation nnd t11e 30 km, 500 kV in-m1d-out Connection to f11 e Tebbin/ Soklmn 500 kV TL. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 104 of 184 May 2013 · Project No _ 1750 · HP ECG C:tr1.;;AV~ ~\r. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANT S GROUP SA 5.5 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 5.5.1 Geography of the Study Area Tl1e major sector of the studied site (Figu re 5-58) consists essentially of an intensively dissected sedimentary limestone plateaus. T11e formations of these limestone plateaux ru·e mainly Upper Eocene (Bartonian) atld Middle Eocene (Lutetian) . Tl1e former includes a series of sands, mat·ls, clays and marly limestone which are softer, more easily eroded, atld contain lru·ger atnounts of gypsiferous and oclu·eous materials. Tl1e Middle Eocene f01n1ations include various types of limestone which ru·e more solid and contain a number of hard dolomitic bands. Tl1ey form the main bulk of the norU1e1n limestone plateau of U1e Egyptian Desert. Tltis Eocene desert adjoins on its north border sat1d and gravel fom1ations of U1e Oligocene. Palaeodeposits formed in situ cover extensive ru·eas of U1e sandstone plateaux in Uris area. Tl1ese deposits fomt erosion pavements described by Kassas (1953b) and Kassas and Girgis (1964), hamada desert, and rocky erosion surfaces. T11e sand and gravel desert U1at extends east of U1e Nile to U1e Suez Canal is composed of fluviatile palaeodeposits whlch belong to U1e Oligocene, non- matine Miocene or Pliocene (Shukri, 1953; Shukli and Akmal, 1953). The most pronounced geomorphological feature of the whole Easte1n Desert of Egypt is its dissection b y valleys and ravines. Willie eastward drainage of ltighlands to U1e Red Sea is by numerous independent wadis, chcumels of U1e westwat·d drainage to U1e Nile Valley mostly coalesce into a relatively small number of extensive wadis. T11e main plain is covered by a series of silts, sands and gravel of fluviatile origin, often with a stony surface. In places, this stony surface is hunied w1der blown sand or washed silt. Mobile dtmes of U1e barkhan type are ste1ile. T11e Recent deposits rest upon Plio-Pleistocene beds of limestone, shales, mru·ls, clays, giits, conglomerates at1d gypsum; U1e PH-Pleistocene beds f01m low flat- topped lulls projecting Urrough U1e recent deposits. Tl1ese beds rest uncomfortably upon U1e basement complex rocks. Along U1e western margin of U1e plain, hills of Archean rocks have been reduced to plain level by erosion and ru·e now mru·ked by residual fragments of the tmderlying rock type. Tllis forms locally a desert surface of the hatnada type as distinguished from the gravel desert of U1e plain and U1e erosion pavements . The geology of U1e area was outlined by Abdel-Daiem (1971). Quatematy strata cover U1e major pru·t of U1e area w hlch have a maximum Ulickness of about 240 m, atld are developed into aeolian sattds as well as into fluviatile sands and g1·avels. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5 - Pag~ 105 of 184 May 2013 · Project No. 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-58 Tll e Entire Study Aren ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 106 of 184 May 2013- Project o. 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Tertiaty- strata occupy much of U1e area; U1ey are essentially developed into lime facies wiU1 Ulin intercalations of clayey sat1d, a11d ru·e fmmed under shallow mat·ine conditions. Pliocene strata are exposed at the & ·inge of the Nile Valley a11d at'e referred to as mat'ine Pliocene composed of sat1dy limestone a11d marl packed wiU1 Ostren wcullntn with a Iich foraminiferal content. According to Ulis sequence, it is postulated U1at arms of U1e Pliocene gulf U1at occupied U1e Nile Valley penetrated into erosional valleys of U1e main wadis, wllich were originally formed towards the end of U1e Miocene. At U1e end of the Pliocene a11d in U1e Early Pleistocene continued Iising of U1e la11d surface in the south a11d the flow of fresh water into U1e Pliocene gulf filled Ulis gulf with ferruginous matelial. Pleistocene to Holocene times was mat·ked by continual building of U1e Delta, the piedmont plains a11d eventually U1e flood plains. With U1e advent of atidity the la11dscape took most of its present shape. A variety of habitat types are found in tllis extensive desert at'ea. These include t11e sa11d dunes, extensive ru·ea of gravel desert, and t11e low reaches of numerous west-flowing wadis draining tl1e limestone. 5.5.2 General Field Observations The field observations tl1at desclibe the general conditions of tl1e aquatic a11d ten·eshial investigated area are as follow: • The ten'eshial investigated area is generally chru·acterized by low vegetation and some desert wild plants, while most of the ru·ea was planted by many crops. • TI1e River Nile bank i~ divided into tluee l1abitats; tl1e slope, tl1e water-edge at1d open-water of tl1e Nile. Earn of these habitats has its specific flora. • Most of habitats in the t'egion are very conm1on with vety poor biodiversity atld no sensitive ecosystems. • No protected ru·eas for tl1eir conservation value ru·e located on, or in the vicitlity of tl1e project area. 5.5.3 Protected Areas No protected ru·eas for tl1eir conservation value at'e located on tl1e proposed project ru·ea. TI1e proposed route itself and tl1e SW'l'OW1dit1g lat1d ru·e poorly vegetated witl1 ·much of tl1e ru·ea havit1g been disturbed by mine clearat1.ce (see Figure 5-59). 5.5.4 Wild Life A. Plants and Vegetation: TI1e ru·ea of tl1e study is generally cllat'actetized by low vegetation and some desert wild plants, while most of the at'ea was planted by many crops (see Figure 5-59). TI1e soil appears generally dry sandy witll some salt affected ru·ea. Tilis sand layer covered by dry loose Satld in deptl1 ranges &·om 10-800cm. The dominant plant species are salt excretit1g as Tnmmix tetmgr;nn (Figure 5-60), or succulents as Comulnca monncantlw, tl1ese species can adapt such environmental conditions. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5-Pag~ 107 of 184 May 2013 -Project No. 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-59 T11e Natural Protectorates Map of Egypt Conce ssion Area J lS 75 " 150 Source: Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency {EEAA), 2012. ESIA for H~1wan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 108 of 184 May 2013 ·Project No. 1750- HP ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-60 Geuernl View of flt e Study Aren Sltrubs of Tnmnri:r Tetrngyun Appear iu Spnrse Community ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 109 of 184 May 2013 - Project No. 1750- HP ECG6Y1ih.l~(p\J. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Wild Plant Species • Tammix tetmgyna (famaricaeae), pererulial shrub up to Sm, grow in sandy soil, salt marshes, wet lands, and edges of saline waste lands. Tilis species is the dominant species in the studied area (Figure 5-61). • Sarcocomia fruticosa (Oumopodiaceae), Small sluub up to 80 em lligh. Succulent salt tolerant species (Figure 5-62). Plan t species on canal bank • Phmgmites austmlis( Gramineae }, rllizomatous plant grow arotmd olive and maize cultivations in the study area. It generally grow and dominates the wet lands, waste lands and salt affected areas as the reclaimed areas 7 km from the studies site (Figure 5-63). • Plucltea diosc01idis (Compositae), Pererulial tree up to 3m lligh. l11e plant traced a t the cultivation edges in U1e reclaimed land near the studies site (Figure 5-64). Generally the species grow in canal banks, wet lands, waste lands and salt affected areas. • AllLilgi gmecomm (Legwninosae), Perennial h·ee up to 80 em high. The plant is a common species under olive and palm trees in addition to U1e cultivation edges in U1e reclaimed land near U1e studies site (Figure 5-65). Generally U1e species grow in U1e Nile and canal banks, wet lands, waste lands and salt affected areas. • Cynancum acutwn (Asclepiadnceae), 17ze plant is a co-dominant species to Alhngi graecorum under olive and palm trees. • Comulaca 1/LOJLflcantlUl (01enopodiaceae), sluub up to one meter high Succulent salt tolerant species (Figure 5-66). B. Reptiles Many reptilian species are known to occur in Ulis area. In U1e relatively flat, sand or gravel desert amtmd the studied site, Saber (1989) listed 30 desert dwelling reptilian species. Most abundant of U1ese were AcanU1odactylus scutellatus, A. boskianus, Trapelus flavimaculatus, Scincus scincus, 01amaeleo chamaeleon, Varanus griseus, Psammopllis schokaJ.i, Spalerosopllis diadema and Cerastes viper a. In wadis draining U1e limestone plateau in U1e norU1em sector of Ulis desert, conunon reptiles include Ptyodactylus guttatus, AcanU1odactylus bos- kianus, Uromastyx aegyptius, Chamaeleo camaeleon, Coluber rhodorhacllis, Walterinnesia aegyptia and Cerastes cerastes .In the souU1em part of Ulis inland desert Ptyodactylus hasselquistii, Pseudoh·apelus sinaitus, Trapelus flavimaculatus, Uromastyx ocellatus, Mesalina guttulata, M. rubropunctata and Cerastes cerastes are U1e charactelistic reptiles (Table 5-17) (see Figure 5-69 through Figure 5-74). ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5 -Pag~ 110 of 184 May 2013- Project No. 1750- HP ECG 6,trb.AJJ~ V9-V ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-61 General View of tlte Study Aren Figure 5-62 A- Tamarix Tetmgynn Sltrub B- Magnified Braucl1 ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5- Page Ill of 184 May 2013 -Project No. 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S.A. Figure 5-63 Plaut Species ou Nile ami Caual Bauks A- Sarcocornia Fruticosn Slrrub B- Maguified slrrub Figure 5-64 Plrragmites Australis at the Reclaimed Laud ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 112 of 184 May 20 13 - Project No. I 750 - HP ECG ~1iAJ.l~esrtr. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-65 Pluclren Dioscoridis Figure 5-66 A- Allragi Grnecorum Sltrub B- Mngu~fied Brnuclt B ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project · CH 5-Page 113 of 184 May 2013 - Project No. I 750 - HP ECG ~b.h.l ~~'\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-67 Conwlncn Monncnntlw Community Table 5-17 Reptiles Recorded nt tile Study Aren Latin name EngUsb nam e Al-abic name Acanthodactylus boshartus Bose's Fringe-toed Lizard ~~ Acanthodactl;lus swteUatus Nid ua F1inge-toed Lizard ~~ J.)i foi..o Acanthodactl;lus sclzreiberi Otalcides ocellatltS Ocellated Skink ~~ Cltantaeleo afiicanus African Chameleon Y'vi ·liyo. Cltamaeleo clzamaeleon Common 0 1ameleon •liy> En;x jaClllus Javelin Sand Boa tS->li0"L£l Hemidactt;lus h1rciws Turkish Gecko ..))1o <.)"">' Mabuya quinquetaeniata BeanSkink ~..?-~ Mabuya vittata Bridled Skink ~o.;lp.~ Malpolon monspes~ulana Montpelier's Snake tS~J..i.j Naja haje Egyptian Cobra tS~ I Jlfi Psmmnopllis sibilans African Beauty Sn ake J_,...ll Jll Spl!enops sepsoides Audouin's Skink :;...w:yh... C. ~ Many birds of resident avifmma of this desert is composed of y species of 1 tme desert birds (Baha el Din and Saleh, 1983), sud1 as Hinmdo mstica snvignii, Motacilla Jlava pygmaea, Gale1ida aistata macJtlate, LnniJts coll1t1i.o coll1t1io, Aa·ocephnlus anmdiuaceus anmdinaceus, Prinia gracilis gracilis, Phylloscopus sibintrix, Sylvia Cll7Tuca cwn1ca, Ficedula parva pmva, Oeunutlze oeunutlze oennutlze Cursorius mrsor, Pterocles corouattus, P. senegallus, Ammomanes cinchtrus, A. deserti, Alnemon nlaudipes, Oenanthe lugens, 0 . leucopyga, Scotocercn inquietn, Corvus mjlcollis, Bucnnetes githn-gineus and Emberiza striolntn (Table 5-18) (see also Figure 5-75 and Figure 5-76). Fa lcon Birds nre rarely observed in tile study aren, l10wever mitigation measures nre to be taken to prevent bird collision w itll t1te OHTL (see Clwptre 7). ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5° Page 114 of 184 May 2013 Project o. 1750 HP ° ° ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA TableS-18 Lis t of tile Bird Species R ecorded nt t11e Wider Study A ren [*: Denotes the endemic species, b: breeding species] Scientific name Family English name Tacl!ybaphts mficollis nificollis Podicipediae Little Grebe Arden cinerea cinerea Ardeidae Grey Heron A rdeoln ralloides Ardeidae Squacco Heron Nycticomx nycticortL'I: nycticom.;~: Ardeidae N ight Heron Ixobmclms minuhts minutusb Ardeidae Little Bittem Egmtta alba alba Ardeidae Great White Egret Egretta ibis ibis Ardeidae Cattle Egret Egretta garzetta gm·zetta Ardeidae Little Egret A nas penelope Anatidae European Wigeon A nas clypeata Anatidae Shoveler A nns que1·quedula Anntidne Gargnney A ytllyn Jerinn Anatidne Poclzm·d A ytlza nyroca Anatidne Femtginous Duck Elanus ctumtleus caemleus A ccipihidne Blnck-Shoulde,-ed Kite Ci1·ws ae1llginos1tS aemginosus A ccipihidae Mnrslz Harrie1· Falco tinnuniwlus tinmmiClllus Falconidne Kesh·el Po1pllyrio potphyrio madagascariensisb Rnllidne Pwple Gallinule Fulica ah·a ah·a Rnllidne Coot Clzamdrius hiaticola hmdme Clzaradriidne Ringed Plover Clwmd1'ius alexandt'inus alexandrinusb Clzarad1iidne Kentisli Plover Hoplopterus spinosusb OUJmd1iidne Spur-Winged Plover Calidris minutn · Scolopacidae Little Stint Calidris nlpina alp inn Scolopncidne Dzmlin Pllilomaclms pugnnx Scolopacidne Ruff Lymnonyptes minimus Scolopacidne Jack Snipe T1inga totanus totanus Scolopacidae RedsiUJnk A ctitis ltypoleucos Scolopacidne Common Sandpiper Lams 1idibundus Laridae Black-Headed Gull Lantsgenei Laridae Slender-Billed Gull Lams fu sats fu scus Lmidae Lesse1· Blnck-Rncked Gull Lams argentahts cnchirmans Lmidne Yellow-Legged Gull Cl!lidonias llybrida llyb1idn Lmidne Whiskered Tem Chlidonias leucoptem Lmidae 'Wizite-winged Black Tern Sternaalbifmns albifronsb Laridtie Little Tem ESIA for Hd wan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 11 5 of 184 May 2013 - Project No. I 750 - HP ECG C:td1ih)~~V. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S A. Table 5-18 (Con td.) Lis t of tl1e Bird Species R ecorded nt tl1e W ider S tudy A ren [•: Denotes th e endemic species, b : breeding species) Scientific name Family English name Stema albifi·ons albifi·onsb La1idae Little Tem Streptopelia senegalensis aegyptiaca * Columbidae Palm Dol'e Sh·eptopelia decaoclo decaoclo Columbidae Coilered Twtle Dot'e Cenh·opus senegalensis aegyptius*b Cuculidae Senegal Coucal Cuculus canorus canorus Cuculidae Cuckoo Ce1yle mdis rudisb Alcedinidae Pied KingfiSher Merops orienta/is cleopah·a Meropidae Little Green Bee-eater Upupa epops epops Upupidae Hoopoe Hirundo rustica mstica Hirundinidae Swallow Riparia riparia riparia Hirundinidae Sand Mmtin Calandrella rufescens nicolli*b Alaudidae Lesser Short Toed Lark Galerida cristata nigricans* Alaudidae O ·ested Lark Anthus ce1vinus Motacillidae Red-Throated Pipit Motacilla flava pygmaea * Motacillidae Egyptian Wagtail Motacilla jlava jlavissima Motacillidae Yellow Wagtail Motacilla cinerea cinarea Motacillidae Grey Pied Wagtail Lanius collmio collurio Laniidae Red-backed Sh1ike Shu-nus vulgaris vulgaris Sh1midae Starling One COI-rliX CO/VIIS CO/ " COJvidae HoodedO·ow Plinia gracilis deltae *b Sylviidae Graceful Warbler Scotocerca inquieta inquieta Sy lviidae Sc111b Warbler Passer domestic us niloticus Passe1idae House Span·ow Emberiza calandra calandra Emberhdae Com Bunting Emberiza shoeniclus intennedia Emberi::.idae Reed Warbler Milvus migrans Most of the line routing locate on the desert areas (88%), where no nesting locations exist atall. The rest of the route (12%), which is located in the agricultural area of the Samallout zone, dosen't include nesting locations as it is totally extended on the green flat cropland. D. Migrant Birds The Nile Valley with its abundance of water and food available for birds, provide an important, relatively, easy and safe route for trans-Saharan, Palearctic migration. Huge numbers of individuals of many species utilize this route during both spring and autumn migrations (see FiKures 5-68). The region also provides wintering habitats for large populations of many Palearctic migratory species (Goodman et nl., 1989). ESIA for Helwan South Power Pbnt Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 116 of 184 May 2013 -Project No. 1750 - HP ECG~l;;.h.l~ IPV. ENGI NEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA However, most of TL route is not located on the migration route of migrating birds. Only a very limited part crossing the Nile River at the Samallout zone may intersect the TL route. A recent JICA study is conducted for identifying bird migration characteristcs in El-Minya area and the outcome of this study is expected to be announced by the end of 2013. These outcomes of the study will be put into consideration regarding TL operation in the Samallout Zone. E. Mammals Rodents form the largest mammalian group of the area (Table 5-19), being represented by many species and the most common species - besides of course the normal cats and dogs- are the Field Rat A rvicantlzis niloticus and the Black Rat Rnthls rnthts, which are nocturnal and feed on vegetables and seeds. Burrows are shallow and usually w1der shrubs. Many Foxes were recorded in areas around the River shore. Individuals and their tracks were seen tiu·oughout ti1e area, where it seems to inhabit date and fruit groves, cultivated areas and suburban gardens, commonly seen dwing ~aylight hours. It feeds on birds, rodents and insects. it is widespread around drai_n s of Nile banks and Valley. However, wild canlivores have suffered a great deal of decline in the recent years as a result of secondary poisoning with pesticides widely used to control A rvicnntltis niloticus and oti1er rodent pests. The Giant Musk Shrew; Cmcidura jlnvescens deltne, was also recorded in many areas around tile lake shore (Tabgle 5-1 9) (see also Figure 5-77 tltmuglt Figure 5-81). Table 5-19 List of tlte Mammals Recorded nt the Shtdy Site Arabic Order Family Species .Englisb name name Insectivora Erinaceidae Hemiechinus auritus Long eared hedgehog ~ Soricidae Crocidura jlavescens Giant musk shrew t..? Rodentia Cricetidae Gerbillus andersoni Anderson's Gerbil ~ »> Psammomys obesus Fat sand rat ~fi' Mwidae An1icanthis niloticus Nile or field rat Ju .l.,all . Rattus rattus Black rat .),...,~ fi' Rattus n01vegicus Brown rat .s ; 4-ll ~ fi' Mus musculus House mouse }j - ~ Acomys cahirinus Cairo spiny mouse t..? Camivora Mustelidae M1tste/a niva/is Weasel '-"'.?" .Jil Viverridae He1pestes ichneumon Egyptian mongoose ~ ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lioe Interconnection Project CH 5-Page I I 7 of 184 May 2013 - Project No. ! 750 - HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-68 Tlte Most Important Routes for Migratory Birds along t11e Egyptian Lands Source: "Conservation of soaring migrato1y birds in the eastern sector of the .4.frica-EIIrasia flyway system (Rift Valley and Red Sea jly11'ays) " VNDP, 2006. ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 118 of 184 May 2013 - Project No. 1750 - HP ECG ~b.AV~ v.srv ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA 5.5.5 Aquatic Fauna A. Zooplankton Table 5-20 gives the 01ecklist of zooplankton species recorded along U1e River Nile bank (see Figure 5-82 through 5-86). Table 5-20 Cl1ecklis t of Zooplnnktou Species Recorded nlong tile River N ile Bnuk Rotifera A nuraeopsis fissn (Gosse) Asplnndma gimdi De Gueme Asplnnclma priodontn Gosse Asplnnclma sieboldi Leydig Bmcl1ionus angulmis Gosse Bmcltionus butinpestinensis Daday Brachionus cnlycifloms Pallas Brachionus cnudntus (Barrois &Daday) Bmcltionus folcnhts Zacharias Bmcltionus plicntilis (Muller) Brachionus quadtidentntus Hermann Brac1iionus ntbens Ehr. Bmchionus urceoln1is (MUller) Cep1uzlodelln gibbn Ehr. Colurelln adtiaticn Ou:lin Colurelln obtusn Haver Filinin lonKisetn Ehr. HaninKia rouseleti Beauchamp. Hexarthm oxyuris Hudson Keratella cocl1learis Gosse Keratella quadratn Muller Keratella tropica Apstein Kemtella vulga Ehr. Lecane arculn Harring Lecane bulla Gosse Lecnne closterocem Schn1arda Lecnne luna MUller Lecar1e lt 111 mis Ehr. Pllilodinn roseola Ehr. Polyartllm mmntn Skorikow Polyartllra vulgmis Carlin Pmalides sp. Rotnt01ia sp. Synclzneta oblonga Ehr. Syncllneta pectinntn Ehr. Teshtdinella patina Heimann Tlichocerca cylindricn Imhof Tticlwcerca gmcilis Tessin Trichocerca pusilln Jennings Trichocerca inenuis Linder Copepoda A cnnthOClJClops ameticnmts March A can thOC1Jclops exilis Coker A cnntTIOClfClops vernalis Fischer A_]J(}cyc:lops panamensis March ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 119 of 184 May 2013 ·Project No. 1750- HP ECG 0tiwm~~v. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA B. Aquatic Benthos Table 5-21 gives the Checklist of benU1os species recorded along River Nile bank. Table 5-21 Cliecklisf of Beuf110s Species R ecorded nloug River Nile Bnuk Species Al'tbl'oooda Corophium orientale (Schellenberg) Gamma111s lacusnts (Fabricius) Gammants aequicauda Gammants orinicornis Mesanthura sp. Palaemon elegans Tandipos tenrans (Meigen) Nymph of Neurocordula sp. Nymph of /sclmeura sp. (Pinhey) Nymph of Enallaga mnsomerni Micronecta plica fa (Costa) Lethocerus niloticus (Stal) Srernolophus solieri (Lapouge) Aquatic spiders AnpeUda Branchiura sowerbyi (Beddard) Limnodrilus hoffineisteli (Claparede) Limnod1tlus udekemianus (Claparede) Limnodrilus claparedeianus (Ratzel) Potamoth1tx hammoniensis (Mich) Chaetogaster linmaei (K.. Von Beak) Helobdel/a conifera (Moore) Salifa p erspicax (Blanchard) Glossiphonia sp. MoUusra Melanoides tuberculata (Milller) Theodoxus niloticus (Reeve) Buliuns tnmcatus (Audouin) Gyraulus ehrenbe1gi (Beck) Physa acuta (Draparanud) Cleopan·a bulimoides (Olivier) Bellamya unicolor (Olivier) Lanistes cmtnatus (Olivier) Biomphalmta ale:mndrina (Ehr.) Hydrobia venn·osa (Montagu) Succinea cleopan·a (Pallary) Corbicula consob1tna (Cailliaud) Corbicula fluminalis (Miiller) ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 120 of 184 May 2013 · Project o. 175 0 · HP ECG C:tJ;ViV~~V ENGI NEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA C. Fishes Table 5-22 gives Fish species at the study site in the River Nile (see Figure 5-87 and Figure 5-88). T able 5-22 Fisl1 Species n t tl1e Study Site ill tl1e R iver N ile Fam~ly Species Arabic name Cyprinodontidae Aphanius fasciatus ( Valenciennes, 1821) ..il.):t.! Poecilidae Gambusia affinis ( Baird & Girard , 1853) l.:lj ,..~ Atherirudae A the1i na mochon Cuvier, 1829 4.JL.; Mugilidae Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758 ...S.)J/ Liza ramadn (Risso, 1826) ojo.~~ Cichlidae Hemichromis bimaculatus Gill , 1862 ..bln.. <.>"J _fo.;A Haplochmmis bloyeti (Sauvage,1883) r)v-JJ..#A _,........, ~ Tilapia zillii (Gervais, 1848) Oreochromis niloticus ( L.,1757) ~~ Oreochromis aureus (Steindachner,1864) J ;) ~ c Gobiidae Pomatoscl!istus miuutus ( Pallas ,1767) ..;.~ y.l ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 121 of 184 May 2013 - Project No. 1750- HP ECG 0tr\ihJ~ (p\J. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-69 Common Herpetofnmur Hemidnctylus furcicus furcicus Pfyodnctylus lursselquisfii ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 122 of 184 May 2013- Project No. 1750- HP ECG 0YliAV~V-srV. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-70 Common Herpetofmma (Cou td. ) Steuodactylus petrii S teuodn cty Ius stllenodncty lus ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5-Pag~ 123 of 184 May 2013 -Project No_1750- HP · ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP S.A. Figure 5-71 Common Herpetofnunn (Contd.) Acnntlwdnctylus boskinnus ~~ Acantlwdnctylus scute11ntus ~ J..,J! ~ ESIA for H~lwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 124 of 184 May 2013 - Project No. 1750 · HP I~ ECG &-~~~V. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-72 Common Herpetofmmn (Coutd.) Scincus scincus ESIA for Helwan South Power Plan t Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5- Pag~ 125 of 184 May 2013 - Project No. 1750- HP ECG C:t,k;../.W~ vs-v ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-73 Common Herpetofnunn (Couftl.) Clwmneleo clln maeleon ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 126 of 184 May 2013 - Project No. 1750 - HP ECG C:t~~(p\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA. Figure 5-74 Commou Herpetofntmn (Coutd. ) Vara11us griseus Lytorhynchus diadema ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 127 of 184 May 2013 -Project o. 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-75 Commou Birds Motacilla jlava Prina gracilis Hirundo rustica Ga/linula clrloropliS ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5-Pag~ 128 of 184 May 2013 -Project No. 1750- HP ECG &Yl.i..1Ll~ \/Z\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S..t... Figure 5-76 Commou Birds (Cou td.) Falco tinnzmculus Elanus caerule11s A lcedo atthis ESIA for H~Jwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ lnterconn~tion Proj~t CH 5- Pag~ 129 of 184 May 2013 · Proj~t No. 1750 · HP ECG ~wml:t-60 :P\!. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-77 Common Mmmnnls Hemiechiltus auritu~· Gerbil/us pyramidum ~I ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 130 of 184 May 2013 - Project No. 1750 - HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-78 Co/11111011 Mnmmnls (Co11td.) Gerbillus andersoni Gerbillus gerbil/us . • . ·'l ~~ ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 131 of 184 May 2013 -Project No. 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA FigureS-79 Common Mnmmnls (Coutd.) Meriones carssus sammomys obesus ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5- Pa g~ 132 of 184 May 20 13 - Project No. 1750- HP ECG ~~~ esrtr. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-80 Commou Mmmuals (Coutd.) Rattus rattus Mus musculus JjWI _)J ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 133 of 184 May 2013 -Project No_ 1750- HP EC G (:trli...1Llb00 '.sr\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-81 Commou Mnmmnls (Coutd.) Jaculus orienta/is Jaculus jaculus ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ lnterconn~tion Proj~t CH 5-Pag~ 134 of 184 May 2013 - Project o. 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-82 Common Zooplankton Brachionus angularis Brachionus ca~vciflorus Brachionus falcatus Polyarthra vulgaris Hexarthra oxuris Asplachnia sieboldi Anuraeopsis ftSsa ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 135 of 184 May 201 3 - Project No_ 1750 - HP ECG ~'-ih.l~~v ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S.A. Figure 5-83 Com mon Zooplnuk tou (Coutd.) Keratella troplca Keratella cochlearls Keratel/a quadrata dispersa Keratella quadrata quadrata Proalides sp. Filinia lmzgi!i·eta BrachiOJms urceo/aris ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Pag~ 136 of 184 May 2013 -Project No. 1750- HP I ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-84 Common Zooplankton (Coutd.) 0 Adult female Postabdomen Moina micrura AduJt female Postabdomen Diaphanosoma exesium Bosmina longirostris Chydorus sphearicus ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5- Pag~ 137 of 184 May 2013- Project No. 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-85 Common Zooplankton (Coutd.) Anurae-op!>i$ flsra Brac/1ion us uJyciflorllS · BraclriomlS caudnltiS Brae/lion us fa/catus Braclrionus plicntilis Keralt!lla cocftle.aris ESIA foe Hdwan South Power Pla111 Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5- Pag~ 138 of 184 May 2013 -Project o. 1750- HP I ECGC:t~~(Jx\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA FigureS-86 Commou Zooplnuktou (Coutd.) AsplanchiUI sieboldi Proulids sp. Po/yartllra vulgaris Trichocerca pusillll Filinia longiseta ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 139 of 184 May 2013 -Project No. 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-87 Common Fislt Species TiLapia ziLLii Oreochromis niLoticus ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 140 of 184 May 2013 -Project No. 1750- HP I ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-88 Common Fislt Species (Coutd.) Liza ramada ESIA for Hdwan Sourh Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 141 of 184 May 2013- Project No. 1750 - HP ECG&-~006 '$\f. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA 5.6 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 5.6.1 Basic Information about the Project Sites Cniro Governorate TI1e foundation of Cairo city dates back to 358 H f 969 AD by the Fatimid leader Gawhar El Sekly who laid the foundation of the city in the north of "Fustat" where it took him tiU'ee years. He named it for AI- Mansureya ti1en later came the Caliph- El Muez Ledeen El Lah El-Fatmy- to rename it El Qahirah "Cairo", ti1e vanquisher, and made it the capital of his State. 1l1e city's total area at ti1at time covered 340 feddans. Cairo is ptivileged with a unique strategic location that qualified it to be tile political capital of Egypt (Figure 5-89), besides its idiosyncrasy as a cultUral, artistic, scientific, and histotical capital of the Arab and the Islamic world. 1l1e governorate is one of Greater Cairo Region ti1at includes Cairo, Giza, and Qalyubiya governorates. Cairo's total area covers 3085,12 km2. It is considered one of the governorates which comprises a sole city, and by large tile biggest Arab city and the most populated in Africa and the Middle East. According to ti1e preliminruy results of the 2006 census, Cairo is inhabited by 7.8 million people and visited by 2 million At·abs, Foreigners, atld Egyptians daily eiti1er for healti1 treatment, tomism, or for business. In dealing with the population growti1 problem in Cairo, the New rban Communities Authotity - an affiliate to the Ministry of Housing - embarked on extension in desert atld built new cities as New Cairo City, ti1e closest city to Cairo, atld one of the tilird generation cities that was established by virtue of presidential decree No 1991/2000. The govetnorate hosts several indusnial zones that make it a haven atn·acting capital, whicl1 could be invested to develop the national industry and enhat1ce its competitiveness on the local and international levels. Some of these indusnial zones ru·e located in El Basateen, El Waily, Heliopolis, Helwan, and the duty hee zone in Naser City, as well as in the new industrial zones in the newly established cities namely; Obour, Qatameyal1, Badr, and El Amal. TI1e governorate has a solid base of sn·ategic and consumer industries sud1 as iron and steel, cement, militat-y equipment, electtic appliances and cru·s, as well as textiles at1d ready-made cloti1es. Gizn Governorate Giza governorate is one of ti1e Greater Cairo Region that includes Cairo, Giza, and Qalyubiya governorates. It was established in yeru· 20 Hegiti witi1 ti1e eru·ly Islamic conquest of Egypt. ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line lnterco.nnection Project CH 5-Page 142 of 184 • M;y 2013- Project o. 1750- HP ECG'=tJ.;ViV~~v ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA TI1e total cu:ea of the governorate covers 13184 km2, representing 1.3 % of the Republic's cu·ea (Figure 5-90). l11e govemorate encompasses 10 Marakz, 12 cities, 7 disb.icts, 51 rural local units ai1llexed by 171 villages, and 636 hamlets. According to the preliminat}' results of the 2006 census, population is 6.3 million people; 58.6% of them live in urban areas, and 41.4% in rural areas and population natural growth rate has reached 19.3 per thousand. Beside being an agricultural govemorate, Giza is also considered an indusb.ial one as it hosts mcu1y indusb.ies such as: food, spinning and weaving, basic metals, engineeling atld elecb.·onics, as well as mining. Moreover, the govemorate hosts two indusb.ial zones; one of fl1em is located along Cairo-Alexandiia Desert Road and has big indusb.ial compculies. In addition to U1at, the govemorate hosts many new projects such as U1e under consb.uction new Egypticu1 Museum, fl1e Smart Village, and fl1e Ulird underground line. In addition, the govemorate l1as fl1e sound and light project cu1d several museums and gardens U1at attract intemal atld bound touiism such as: N aggy Museum, the Zoo, U1e Agricultural Museum, and fl1e Modem Arts Museum, in addition to entertainment places in El Haram su·eet, besides U1e Media Production City in 6th of October City. Beni Sueif Governorate Beni Suei£ governorate is located in U1e North Upper Egypt Region U1at encompasses Giza, Beni Suei£, and Minya Govemorates (Figure 5-91). It is known for its rural style. TI1e governorate covers an cu·ea of 10954 km2 epresenting1.08 % of U1e Republic's total area. It comptises 7 Marakz, 7 cities, atld 39 rural local units cumexed by 222 villages atld 690 hamlets. According to fl1e preliminat}' results of 2006 census, the population is about 2.3 million; 23.3% of fl1em live in urban areas, atld 76.8 % in rural cu·eas. l11e population natural growfl1 rate has reached 21 .9 per U10usand. Beni Suei£ is atl agricultural governorate. 1l1e cultivated cu·eas cover 279.8 thouscu1d feddatlS. Major crops cu·e: wheat, cotton, sugar cane, in addition to medical cu1d cu·omatic plcu1ts. Arable agticultural lands amount to 63 U10usand fed dans. 1l1e govemorate conb.ibutes to U1e indusb.ial activity Uuough big indusb.ies such as cement, clay bticks, and textiles, besides small indusb.ies such as: carpets, and handmade carpets. Furfl1ermore, it hosts a zones for light indusb.ies, and anofl1er for medium indusb.ies as well as small indusb.ies complex. El-Minya Goveruornte El-Minya govemorate is located in fl1e Norfl1 Upper Egypt Region U1at encompasses El-Minya and Beni Suei£ govemorates (Figure 5-92). It is chcu·actetized wiU1 its rural style. El-Minya is known as U1e beautiful btide of Upper Egypt. TI1e governorate covers an area of 32279 km2, representing 3.2% of U1e Republic's total cu·ea. It complises 9 Mcu·akz, 9 cities, 61 rural local units, 360 villages and 1429 hamlets. According to the prelinlinaiJ' results of U1e 2006 census, · the population is estimated at 4.2 million; 18.8% of U1em live in urban areas and ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 143 of 184 May 2013 - Project No_ 1750- HP ECGC:trw.W~ ~\r. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA 81 .2% in rural areas. TI1e population natural gmwth rate has reached 22.8 per thousand. TI1e gove1norate moved towards the expansion into the desert and established new urban communities such as New Minya Gty and is expected to achieve human and economic development (urban, agricultural, and tourist). Minya is an agricultural governorate with estimated cultivated areas of 472.7 thousand feddans. Cotton, wheat, onion, and sugar cane are the major crops. Besides being an agricultural governorate, it has made major shides in indushy, particularly in food processing, spinning and weaving and chemicals, in addition to the establislunent of an industrial area in the East of the Nile, 12 km south of Minya b1idge. TI1e area was mapped out and divided into nine industrial zones, along with establishing the small enterp1ises complex as well as the main and secondruy services centers taking into consideration environment hiendly standru·ds. 1. Local Distribu tion Based on the information provided in Egypt Description by lnfom1ation 2007. It is notable that Minya Governorate is dishibuted into 9 Markaz and 9 cities. In addition to that 61 rural local units and 299 affiliated villages are reported. Regarding Beni Suef Governorate, it is dishibuted into 7 markaz, 7 cities, 29 dish·icts, 180 affiliated village and 3 local wlits. In addition to that a big number of hamlets were reported in both governorate, 1741 in Minya and 844 in Beni Suef. Cairo Governorate compiles of 31 districts as it is categmized as fully urban governorate. Giza Govemorate consists of 10 main Mru·kaz, 12 · cities a11d 7 dishicts. h1 addition to 51mrallocal units, 171 affiliated villages and 636 Hamlets (see Table 5-23). Table 5-23 Administrntive Division for Cniro, Gizn, Minya nud Beui Sueif Govemorntes Administrative Division Cairo Giza Minya Beni Suef No. of Marakz 0 10 9 7 No. of cities 0 12 9 7 No. of dishicts 31 7 0 0 No. of rural local wtits 0 51 61 29 Affiliated villages 0 171 299 180 Villages outside local wtits 0 0 0 3 Hamlets 0 636 1741 844 Source: Egypt Description by Information 2010. TI1e total ru-ea of the Cairo Governorate is up to 3085.12 Km2 · TI1e total populated area represents about 5.2% of the total area. Wllile housing and scattering areas represent 2.25%. TI1e agriculture land is about 47.34 km2 . Giza Governorate is one the biggest govemorate in Egypt, the total ru·e is estimated with 13184 km2 among which 1191 km2 are populated. It represents about 9.0% of the total populated area. ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ lnterconnection Project CH 5 -Pag~ 144 of 184 May 2013 - Project No. 1750 - HP I ECGif~~vs-\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA 1l1e total area of the ¥ffiya Governorate is up to 32279 Km2 The total populated area represents about 7.47% of the total area. While housing and scattering areas represent 0.25%. The agticulture land is about 6.12% of the total area. Regarding Beni Sue£, the total area of the Governorate is up to 10954 Km2. 1l1e total populated area represents about 12.50% of the total area. While housing and scattering areas represent 0.44%. 1l1e agriculture land is about 10.9% of the total area. ·The disttibution of the land use reflects that the majority of lands in both governorates is empty desert lands. Titis is a common feature of the Egyptian society, that people gather around the Nile River and the majority of Egyptian lands are desert lands. Yet, there is a reclaiming for lands in tl1e whole areas. However, it is still slow process (Table 5-24). ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 145 of 184 May 2013 - Project No. 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA. Figure 5-89 A dminis trative M np of the Cniro Govemornte Cairo Gove1norate ;;~I .i n• G_ z a t-o Go ve rn o ra t e B ~ ... ' - ! - - ' 7· Cmro do"' town .-...,_, ....,.- - V 8- Mosl::<)' ~,.u- - " - 9-Ab "' [ ,..6 I ~,........JI oih.t.J <>.,..._!. 1 to The East borders of ~,,~ _;...bl-..o Gi1.11 Governorate .u,....,.Lo~ npopulatcd JA-sen I nd~ ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5-Pag~ 149 of 184 May 2013 -Project No. 1750- HP ECG~w.ill~IP\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Table 5-24 Distribution of Aren nnd Lnud-use in Coiro, Gizn, EI-Minyn nnd Beni Sueif Govemorntes Ana Cairo Giza l\tinya BtniSud Total ana 3085 .12 km" 13184 km" 32279 km" 10954 km' Total populatt'd uu 190.42 km' 1191km" 241 1.65 km" 1369.41 km" Housing and scatttring 96.52 km" 84Jau· 81.79 km" 48.07 lan" a1·eas Facilitits and ctmt'tt'Iit's 17.66 km" 120 km· 168.28 km" 12 1.93 Jan· Ponds and fallow 28.90 km" 91an" 29.70 km· 33.92 km· Agrtcultural land within 15.45 km· 776 km· 1975.59 km" 1105 .77 lan" a1nicultui·a1 bordus Agrtcultural land 31 .89 km" 202 km" 156.29 km" 59.72 km· outsidt' agricultural bordt'rs Population density in 40.89 Thousand 5.27 Thousand 1.94 1.86 tht' populatt'd area person/ km2 perso km2 Thousand perso Thousand perso km2 km2 Population density in 1.52Thousand 0.48Thousand 0.14 0.23 tht' total area personl km2 person/ km2 Thousand person/ Thousand person/ km2 km2 Total populatt'd uea (o/o 6.2% 9.0% 7.47% 12.50% to total area) Source: Egypt Description by Information 2010. 2. Urbanization Tren ds Cairo is an urban governorate which suffers severely due to the squatter areas which are 75 areas surrounding all Cairo among which 5 slum areas are under removal and 2 areas will be removed. 68 of the squatters are under development. TI1e severity of problem in Giza is less than it is in Cairo as only 36 areas are categolized as squatters among which 22 are under development and 14 have been developed1 . Due to the Egyptian society conditions urbanization is not a systematic organized process but sometimes it happens haphazardly. Due to U1at U1e problem of squatters and slums come to U1e scene. TI1e total number of slums in Minya is 30 areas U1at are being developed now. But for Betli Sue£ U1e slums represents 52 areas among wluch 18 have been developed and 34 are still in the process.2 TI1e total number of unsafe areas in Minya is up to 9 areas among wllich 3 of U1em are located in Magaga and 3 41 Malawy. In Beni Sueif , the number of unsafe areas is up to 17 areas the majority of U1em are located in Elmasia and Nasser Markaz (Table 5-25) . 1. Egypt description by Infonnation, IDSC, 2007 2. Egypt description by Information, IDSC, 2010 ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 150 of 184 May 201 3- Project No. 1750- HP ECG~b.AV~V&rv ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Table 5-25 Distribution of Squatter nnd Unsn.fe Arens in Minyn nnd Beui-Sue~f Governorates Minya Beni Suef Markaz Minya 1area Markaz Beni Sueif 2 areas Mat·kaz Samalot 1 area Markaz Beba 1 area Markaz Magaga 3 areas Markaz Ehnasia 6 areas Mat·kaz Abu Qorqas 1 at·ea Markaz El Fashn 2 at"eas Mat·kaz Malawy 3 at·eas Markaz N asser 6 areas Total 9 areas Total 17 areas Source: Egypt Description by Information 2010. 5.6.2 Historical and Cultural Heritage • Monumental nnd Touristic Sites iu Cairo Gov ernorate Cairo embraced several civilizations across history including the pharaonic, the Roman, U1e Greek, Ute Coptic, and U1e Islamic. Moreover, Utese civilizations have left behind landmarks such as: Mary Tree, U1e Hanging Omrch, El Azhar Mosque, Salah El Din Citadel, Khan El Khalili area. Cairo also includes some modem highlights such as: Ute Egyptian Museum, U1e Islamic Museum, U1e Coptic Museum, Mohamad Ali Mosque, U1e Japatlese Garden; El Gezira Tower, U1e Intemational Garden, the Military Museum October War Panorama, Cairo International Conferences Center atld U1e Opera House. • Mouumeutnl and Touristic Sites iu Giz n GolJernornte Giza is also rich in ancient pharaonic monuments that made it rank second after Luxor for its wealUt of phat·aonic monuments and as a tourist attraction city. It hosts Giza Pyramids, the Sphinx, the Sakru:a Pyramid, 01eops Fw1eral Canoe, monuments of Meet Rahina City, and Daltshow· monuments. The governorate includes as well Bal1areya Oases U1at have 400 mineral and sulfur fresh, cold, and hot springs. Tl1us, it is a spa for cw·ative towism. Fw·Utel·, U1e governorate hosts K.erddasa a11d Haranyea villages which are famous for U1e hand-made environmental indus hies favored by towists and Egyptia11S as w ell. • Mon umenta l nud Touristic Sites iu M iuyn Govemornte Minya govemorate enjoys special monumental sites holding and featwing the Egyptian Phamnic history (old state - middle state - modem state) then the Greek age, Roman age, Ouistian and Islamic age. Minya Environmental Profile report 2007 provided detailed infonnation about U1e histmy and culture of Minya Governorate. The monumental sites spread along Ute w hole goven1orate, yet we w ill focus only on Samalot Disnict where U 1e project will be implemented. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ lnterconn~tion Ptoject CH 5 - Pag~ 151 of 184 May 2013 · Ptoject No. 1750 · HP ECGc%rliALl~ c $\f. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Minya goven1orate is held an etenml record of all dynasties and monuments in Egypt that represent ti1e Pharaonic, tile Coptic, and the Islamic eras. Mosques of El-Laty, El-Amrawy "Elwadaa", El-Masty, El-Fouly, Zawyet Sultan, Talma El- Gabal, Antar Stable, ti1at includes Hatshepsut Temple, Tal El-Amarna, and fue Tilting Minaret Mosque are< ll fue most important monuments in tile governorate. * Samallout Markaz : Lies 25 km norti1 of Minya city. It holds Pltaronic, Ouistian and Islamic monuments. The Pharonic monumental region of El-Babein .: Lies east of fue Nile in Beni Khaled village. It goes ba<;:k to about 4 thousand years B.C. It is told titat some of the stony used in building ti1e pyramids was brought from this area. Of ti1e most important monuments ti1ere is ti1e temple of God Hathore, the God of mines and cutting stones. 1. Virgin Mnry Convent iu Globnl El-Teir Lies about 25 km norti1 east Minya city, and 2 km from ti1e eastern desert road. It is one of the important sites furough which ti1e scared family passed by and stayed in during ti1eir hip to Egypt. It has a church sculptured in ti1e rocks built by He lana, and empress in ti1e fourth centwy . It contains many icons ti1at go back to ti1e beginnings of ti1e Ouistian age. 2. I11e Old Mosque One of ti1e oldest mosques in Minya, it goes back to year 368 hjri. It lies souti1 of Samallout city, and it has many names, some of which, Sheikh Genidi mosque, and ti1e mosque of ti1e lilte minaret. * Beni Sueif Historical Sites 1. It includes the second oldest step pyramid "Meidum", 2. "Ehnasia" city ti1at was Egypt's most important city and its capital in ancient times. 3. It also includes Mottasteries of Saint Antonius, Anba Pula, Mar Gergis, The tomb of Marwan Ibn Mohamad, the last mler of tile Umayyad Caliphate. Snoor huge Cave is one of Egypt's treasures ti1at lies in ti1e heart of ti1e mom1tain, and is 19 meters deep. 5.6.3 Basic Demographic Characteristics 1 Egypt description by Infonnation, IDSC, 2007 ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ lnterconnection Project CH 5- Pag~ 152 of 184 May 2013 · Proj ect No. 1750 - HP ECG&-JiALl~V9'V. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA • Population Clwrncteristics Getting a clear description for the population is essential for any socioeconomic study, especially after the revolution. As the characteristics of population might affect the willingness of community to host any developmental projects. As well as, such description might give a clear idea about how to bring the project to fl1e communities and how to gain acceptance for the project in U1e areas. a. Total Population TI1e total population of Cairo Govemorate is 7.786.6 million person among which 49.3% are females. TI1e average of family members is 3.8 person. While Giza propulsion is 6.490.8 million. Females represent 48.5% . fl1e average family size is 4 persons. TI1e total population of Minya is estimated with 4.179.3 million among which 49.0 are females. TI1e average family size is relatively high 4.6 persons. TI1e total population in Beni Sue£ is 2.371 in Beni Sue£. Density rate and female percentage is almost exactly like Minya (see Table 5-26). TI1e natural growfl1 rate is higher in Minya as it represents 22.8 followed by Beni Sue£ 21.9 and Giza 19.3. TI1e lowest natural increase reported was in Cairo 16.1. Table 5-26 Population of Cniro, Gizn, Minya nud Beui S11e.f Govenwrntes Population Unit Cairo Giza Menya Beni Suef Total population *Thousand 7786.6 6490.8 4179.3 2371.0 persons Females (% of % 49.3 48.5 49.0 49.1 total population) The average of Person 3.8 4 4.6 4.6 family members b. Age Structure TI1e age-distribution of U1e population in U1e four govemorate is slightly different as in Cairo and Giza about 18.0 % of fl1e total population are less between 5- <15 years old. While U1e same category in Minya and Beni Sue£ represents about a quarter of the total population. 46.5% of Minya population lies in U1e categ01y between 15- < 45. TI1e same category in Giza and Cairo is up to 50.0% of the population. TI1e older categ01y is relatively higher in Giza and Cairo as it represents 23.9% in Cairo and 20.5 % in Giza while it is less fl1a.n 16.0% in U1e other two governorates (Figure 5-93). ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line lntercollllection Project CH 5- Page 153 of 184 May 2013 · Project No. 1750 - HP ECG C:t~b001PV. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-93 Percentage Distribution of tlte Totnl Population by Age Governorate 100% h 900 &0% h 700 • Less tha n 5 60% 50% 40% h 300 20% h 100 0% Egypt Cairo Gi za Beni Suef Menya Source: CAPMAS Census 2006. ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Intercoooection Project CH 5-Page 154 of 184 ~ay 2013 -Project No. 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S A c. Rate of Natural Increase The Ciude birth rate in Cairo is (28.7 Live birth/ Thousand persons ) and 27.8 in Giza, while in Beni Sue£ is (30.3 live birtllS/1000 population per year) 30.4 in Menya. That is relatively higher than the rate reported for Egypt as a whole (27.8) . DeaU1 rate was higher in Cairo 9.1 and U1e lowest was in Giza 5.3. In Beni Sue£ U1e deaU1 rate is 5.9, while in Minya it is 6.0. U1at is approximately U1e same as U1e total deaU1 rate of Egypt; since U1e national estimjlte is (6.1 deatllS/1000 population per year). Egypt Human Development Report 2010. The natural rate for increase represents the difference between the level of births and deatllS in a population. It is important because it indicates how fast a population will grow (EDHS 2009). The natural rate of increase varies from Minya 2.2 to Betti Sue£ 2.0% wllich is exactly U1e same rate in Egypt 2.0. Egypt Human Development Report 2010. Life expectancy at birtl171.3 in Cairo 69.5 in Giza, 71.6 in Beni Sue£ whereas it is only 69.3 in Menya. Beni Sue£ rate is approximately U1e same rate as in Egypt wllich is 71.7 (see Table 5-21) . TableS-27 Nnturnl Growt11 of Cniro, Gizn, Minyn nnd Beni Suef Govemorntes Population Unit Cairo Giza M t>nya Bt>ni Sud Birth nte Live birth/ Thousand persons 28.7 27.8 30.4 30.3 M011aUty nte Dead person/Thousand persons 9.1 5.3 6.0 5.9 Population Per thousand persons 1.5 2.5 2.2 2.0 natul"al gi"owth Sow·n·: Egypt Human Development Report 2010. • Living Conditions a. Household Size and Density Household is defined as "Family (and non-family) members who share residence and livelil10od, and operates as one social and econotnic unit" . The customary levels of demographic parameters and U1e norms governing living arrangement patterns, togeU1er determine U1e size and composition of households in any population. The 2006 census reported a national average household size of (4.18). In Minya U1e size of fatnily is estimated wiU1 (4.56) . Willie U1e density is not as high as may be anticipated. In fact, household density in Minya varies between 1.14 in urban areas to 1.24 in mral areas. On average it is up to 1.14. In Beni Sue£ fatnily size estimated with 4.61 which is relatively ltigher U1an Cairo 3.75 and Giza 3.88. U1at ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page !55 of 184 May 2013 ·Project No. 1750 · HP ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP S A affected the density in house as Caim was of the least density rate 1.13 while Belli Sue£ was of the llighest density rate 1.2 (see Tnble 5-28). Table 5-28 Average Family Size and Density Rate of Cairo, Giza, El-Minya and Beni Suef Govemorn tes Governorates Total ho'"useholds Average Family size Density Rate Cairo 89186 3.75 1.13 Giza 15219 3.88 1.13 Beni Suef 7586 4.61 1.2 Menya 11650 4.56 1.14 Egypt 308289 4.18 1.15 Source: Egypt HIUllall Development Report 2010. TI1e 2006 census reported a national average household size of (4.7). In Minya the size of fanlily is estimated with (4.56). While the density is not as lligh as may be anticipated. h1 fact, household density in Minya varies between 1.14 in urban areas to 1.24 in rural areas. On average it is up to 1.14 (Tnble 5-29). Table 5-29 Size of Family and Density Rate in Miuya Govemorate Markaz/Qism Size of Family Density rate MinyaQism 3.94 1.14 Minya Madport 2010. hi Beni Sueif fanilly size valies between 3.88 in Qism Be1li Sueif to 5.19 in Markaz Elmasia, U1us the density rate valies between 1.07 in Beni Sueif Qism to 1.25 in Elmasia district (Tnble 5-30). ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 156 of 184 May 2013- Project No. 1750 - HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S A Table 5-30 Size of Fmnily nnd Density Rnte in Beni Sueif Governorate Mark az/Qism Size of Family Density rate Q ism Beni Suef 3.88 1.07 Beni Sueif Markaz 4.63 1.19 New Beni Sueif City 3.89 1.16 El Fashn Markaz 4.65 1.2 El Wasta Markaz 4.55 1.18 Ehnasia Markaz 5.19 1.25 Beba Markaz 4.62 1.23 Somosta Markaz 4.68 1.18 Naser Markaz 4.72 1.23 Total p opulation in the Governorate 4.61 1.2 Source: Egypt Human Development Report 201 0. 5.6.4 Access to Basic Services n. A ccess to Electricity Access to electlicity in Upper Egypt is high at (99.0%) (EHDR 2010). 1l1at is plimruily due to the care given to improve living conditions for people in Egypt in pruticular access to electlicity. Even squatter areas have access to electlicity regru·dless of fi1eir £01mality and legality. 1l1at indicates to file stability of infrastlucture in most of areas. 1l1e census showed fuat fue n1ajority of households use electlicity as file main source of light represent 98.8% of file population in Beni Suei£ and 98.5 % in Minya. Regarding Cairo anP, Giza almost 99.0% of the population use electricity (see Fig ure 5-94). b. Source of Potable Wnter 1l1e four govemorates depend almost entirely on Nile water for all its w ater needs whilst ground water, which is extremely saline atld brakish in nature, is not used for dtinking water pwposes ru1d is only partially used for inigation in son1e ru·eas. Accessibility to potable water is high in Cairo ru1d Giza while it is lower in Beni Sue£ ru1d Menya, indicating file well being of commwuty fuere. 1l1e high rate of access to potable water is mainly due to the Govenunent's cleru· plioritization of water quru1tity and quality issues. Most households have easy access to w ater (tap water in dwellings) (68.8% in Beni Sue£ atld 60.14% in Menya). Not only fi1at, file type of source of water available reflects fue well being of fi1e house conditions as it is mainly tab water inside fue unit. Few percentages reported using ofi1er types i.e. wells or pumps. How ever, it is worfi1 mentioning fi1at fue quality of water supply is poor as w ater in some area has bad smelling and colored. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5- Pag~ 157 of 184 May 2013 ·Proj ect No. 1750 - HP ECGC:t~~~·v. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Access to a proper Sewage System is not high in both govemorates, with a connectivity rate of (15.2%) in Minya and (12.7%) in Beni Sue£ (Egypt description by Information 2007). That is consistent with the low connectivity reported in upper Egypt which is less than 37.2% (EHDR 2010). The main sanitruy system reported was the septic tank which represents (84.0%) in Beni Sue£ and (80.1 %) in Minya Govemorate. The septic tanks cause so mru1y environmental problems to the conununity people and affects their standard of health conditions. The high connectivity rate reported was in Cairo 98.2% and Giza 69.3% (see Figure 5-95). ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5-Page ! 58 of 184 1 May 201 3 - Project No. I 750 - HP ECGC:t~~~\f. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-94 Percentage Distribution of Population by Source ofLigllt aud Goveruorntes 100% 90"/o Xll"/n 7Cffo 60% • Electricity 50% • Kerosene 4{}"/n • Bulni Sud Mt>nya Unit N N N N No. of industrial zoot's Zone 10 2 7 2 No. of productin fadorit>s Factory 1971 830 74 81 in industrial zoot's At·t>a allocatt>d fot· industr·ial Feddan 9730.7 6745 8698 1071.4 activity: Art>a allocatt>d for factol'it>s Feddan 7501.7 6290 3158 373.4 Art>a availablt> for allocation Feddan 2229.0 455 5540 698 .0 No. of productin Association 26 35 6 20 coopt>t'ation association Mt>mbt>t·s in association Members 2411 1423 479 3042 5.6.7 Characteristics of the Project Sites artd Pollution 1. Area description TI1e study team downloaded all areas coordinates on Google earth first to define the sites accurately. Later on a site visit w as paid to U1e areas 1l1e maj01ity of U1e areas w here U1e project will be implemented in is an empty desert land which is surrounded by cultivated lands. The following are U1e main criteria of the areas in photos (Figure 5-96 through 5-101). · ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Inter.connection Project CH 5-Pag~ 164 of 184 May 2013 -Project No. 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-96 Tl1 e Arens tlwt w ill be Covered by t11e Iutercouuectiou Project ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Linr Interconnrction Projrct CH 5-Pagr 165 of 184 May 2013 - Projrct No. 1750 - HP ECG &-~~(I;r\1. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP S.A. FigureS-97 Desert A rens ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5- Pag~ 166 of 184 May 2013 - Project No_1750- HP ECG C:tJl;Vil~ '$\!. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 5-98 Agriculturnl Lnuds Nenr to Project Site ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lint Interconnection Project CH 5- Pagt 167 of 184 May 2013 -Project o. 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP s.A.. Figure 5-99 Resideutinl Areas Nenr to f11e Project Site ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 168 of 184 May 2013 - Project No. 1750 - HP ECG C:t~~~V. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S A Figure 5-100 Project Coordiuntes iu Sntellite Mnps ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5- Pag~ 169 of 184 May 2013 - Project No. 1750 - HP ECG 0trlihJ~ (;$\!. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP s A. Figure 5-101 Very Limited Arens Close to tlte Residentinl Sites O ccupied by Towers' Footing ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line lnterconoection Project CH 5-Page 170 of 184 May 2013 - Project No. 1750 - HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S A According to the site visits the project areas characteristics are as follows: • Almost all ·areas are desert lands. Especially the sites located in U1e Westem Road. TI1ey are totally empty desert lands. • A small area U1at is located in Minya govemorate is a cultivated land. • The majority of surrounding areas population are originally farmers, upper Egyptians, employees, merchants and vendors • TI1e people pay more attention to the norms and tt·aditions. Moreover, they care for the community leaders, respect them and obedient to U1em, • All populated areas are served by electricity. However, the electricity cotmection is completely unorganized and risky, • TI1e majority of lands are estate property (Amlak Dnwln). However, some cases were reported as illegitimate ownership, • People interviewed trust U1e compensation policy U1at will be applied by U1e Holding Company due to U1eir good experiences wiU1 oU1er projects related to electticity. TI1e compensation received was quite fair. 2. Type of Lands in the Area TI1e n1ajmity of lands in the populated areas (spots) are cultivated lands. However; few percentage was a lands suitable for construction. It was crucial to cover this issue on U1e level of govemmental institutes. It was notable U1at U1e desert lands are divided into two types: 1. U1e desert areas Ulat is located close to U1e cultivated lands 2. the desert areas located along U1e Westem Road. TI1e near desert areas are: • Facilitated wiU1 different services (electricity, water supply ... etc) • Potential jobs TI1e far desert areas are: 1. Completely empty desert lands 2. Along paved road passes in parallel to it TI1e am1y consttucted a good condition road that facilitate moving to and fro the govemorates i11 upper Egypt (Beni Sue£, Minya and Assuit. 3. Land Price Many determinants work for estimating U1e land plices in U1e cultivated areas. In case of any expropliation U1e average ptices of lands are as follow: 1- Owned cultivated lands 100,000 L.E: 250,000 L.E per Feddan. 2- Owned legitimate lands 200,000 L.E:250,000 L.E per Feddan. 3- Owned illegitimate land 50,000 L.E : 100,000 L.E per Feddan. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 171 of 184 May 2013 . Project o. 175 0 . HP ECG&.:;w.W~c$\f. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP s.A. According to the qualitative interviews the determinants of land prices are as follow: 1- legality of ti1e ownership 2- type of lands (cultivated- desert) 3- Availability for source of watet· 4- Access to different facilities 4. Availability of Social and Political Institutes Reviewing one of ti1e recent quantitative study about the socioeconomic conditions in these areas, about 95.9 % of ti1e areas have some NGOs around, not necessarily in ti1e areas, but at least ti1ey provide services to the residents. 87.80% of ti1e areas have commwlity development associations. About 50.0% of the sample reported having an NGO related to Muslims, wllile 31.6% of ti1e sample reported having Olristian NGOs in areas 5. Sources of Pollution in the Areas Environmental issues became very important to describe ti1e socioeconomic conditions of ti1e conunwlity, as ti1ey might affect ti1e healti1 of people and ti1eir ability to work and gain money. Sources of Pollution in Minya There are several registered craft workshops in Minya governorate, represent about 6.41 % of the total productive workshops in ti1e cow1try. TI1ey vary in ti1e type of ti1eit· activities. Metal products, machit1es, wooden products represent a good feature of small it1dustries in Minya. 1l1e workshops that work it1 ti1e field of machit1es and supplies can actually serve several oti1en-elated indushies.t Workshops in ti1e field of wooden industries represent ti1e biggest percentage of tile total workshops in ti1e governorate, it1 addition to ti1e workshops in tile field of non metal mining matelials (stone quanies) as previously illush·ated in ti1e mining sector. TI1e total numbet· of workshops in Mit1ya is 3224 in which 4265 workers are involved . .• Air nml Indusfrinl Pollution Gaseous emissions, dust and smoke are t-estricted to sugar factoties it1 Abo korkas, cement factmy in Beni Khaled, Samalot, some flour gtinders and ti1e it1dushies of molasses, where Bagas and Mazot are still used as fuel in ti1e it1dushial operations. This is the main sow-ce of pollution. As for grinders, dust percentage increases when usit1g a high pet-centage of local heat due to the {1) Environmentnl profile ofMinya 2008. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 172 of 184 May 2013 · Project o. 1750 · HP ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUPs A. presence of impurities in tile local wheat due to tile presence of impmities in the local wheat. In case of using a small of local wheat, pollutants can then be controlled. It is worti1mentioning ti1at workshops scattering inside housing blocks and habitant communities are considered tile main source of noise, most of which are workshops of smiti1ery and car fixing as well as cutting and welding metals. As for big factories, it is only restricted on tile workers there. Industrial pollution in the governorate is limited to certain spots involving the n1ajor industries including sugar factories, cement, Nile Company for cotton giruling and some grinders. As for the industrial emissions resulting from medium and small industries, it is not as dangerous as ti1ose of ti1e big indusnies although its impact is somehow tangible. • Wnter Pollution TI1e sugar factory in Abo korqas is considered ti1e biggest source of water pollution, as it dumps heavy weights of pollutants in Moheet drain which, in turn, drains in ti1e Nile. TI1e amount of drain coming from Ulis factory only is estimated to be 1.43 m/ sec. dming the operation season ti1at lasts about 8 months/year. It is true ti1at ti1e admi1lisn·ation of ti1e factory has exerted efforts to cut down liquid or gaseous pollutants, however, such efforts are still not enough. Worth mentimling is ti1at ti1ere is an approach to relocate ti1e sugar factory to ti1e desert areas after the crawling of the housing block to it. • Solid nnd ltnznrdous wnstes Solid wastes produced from industrial plants, whether big or small, are being disposed by the plant itself, eiti1er tiu-ough recycling, such as ti1e sugar factmy where some of its wastes join the production of fodders inside the factory. OU1er plants sell U1eir wastes as jllilk, such as carpentry workshops, or dump it in regular dumps. However, some plants dispose ti1eir waters randomly ti1e tiling ti1at negatively affects ti1e surrounding environment. As for ti1e hazardous wastes produced from big plants such as U1e sugar factory or ti1e cement factory of tile oil factory, such plants are conn·acted witll special companies ti1at receive U1ese wastes to recycle it or dump it safely. Such actions are recorded in ti1e environmental records of ti1ese plants, and it is being followed tiu-ough an inspection team either in ti1e department or tile EEAA (in Cairo or U1e ROB in Assuit) . Policies for cutting pollution down Action plan TI1e action plan includes inspection and follow up plans in association witi1 EEAA and its ROB in Assuit, and tile environmental affairs department in ti1e governorate to inspect tile existing projects in addition to forcing all ti1e plants to ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5-Pag~ 173 of 184 May 2013 · Project No. 1750 · HP ECG0tr~~(p'\J. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA readjust its status. In case of disobedience, legal procedures are taken along w ith directing these projects to the different institutions to get loan or grants for establishing treatment stations for its wastes. As for the under consb.uction plants, they are not allowed the licenses or the operation wlless they get the environmental approval and show commitment towards environmental conditions along with the continuous follow up after operation. Moreover, there is an approach towards transfening all the polluting indusb.ies outside the habitant area to indusb.ial zones, especially in case of the high population cities. A crafts zone (for craft indusb.ies) was allocated insider the indusb.ial zone. Crafts industries, especially the polluting ones, are cmTentiy being transfened from inside ti1e cities to tilis zone. Sources of pollution in Beni Suet Beni Sueif Govemorate suffers from different environmental pollution due to the follmying behaviors and attitudes of community people: 1- Unorganized waste management ai1d haphazardly tiuowing of wastes 2- Contamination of water and canals due to disposing sewage and grey water into ti1e canals 3- Air pollution due to cement factoties, bticks ovens, baketies and buming ti1e wastes 4- Bad maintenance of potable water taps leads to losing of water • Air nud Iudustrinl pollution Air pollution results from the indusb.ial pollution in ti1e govemorate is limited to certain spots involving the major indusb.ies including cement factoties, bticks, ... etc. ti1e indusb.ial emissions resulting cement factoties result huge amow1t of emissions and C02. In addition to 37 factmies ti1at produce the blicks using Mazot in bm'l1ing. As well as having 321 bakelies 1un witi1 Mnzot which causes a desb.uctive tangible impact on ti1e environment. It is also notable ti1at the badly management of house wastes and agticultw-al wastes made people obliged to bm'll ti1em. The last pollutant for air is ti1at ti1e exhausts result from ti1e badly maintained old cars which is widely used in ti1e govemorate. lndusb.ial pollution in ti1e govemorate is limited to certain spots involving ti1e major indusb.ies including cement factories, bticks, ... etc. ti1e indusb.ial enlissions resulting cement factmies result huge amount of enlissions and C02. In addition to 37 factoties ti1at produce the bticks using Mazot in bw1.1ing. As well as having 321 baketies lUll witi1 Mnzot which causes a destructive tangible impact on ti1e environment. Anoti1er sow·ce of pollution result from factoties, was ti1e unorgrulized disposing of water result from ti1e indusb.ial pt·ocess in ti1e ru·eas. Until now the factoties b.y to modify ti1eir environmental procedw-es. ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 174 of 184 May 2013 · Project No. 1750 · HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S A • Wnter polluNou Surface Water in the governorate has so many pollutants they are as follow: a. Organic substances result from disposing sewage water b. Disposing industrial water into the canals. c. The underground water is polluted with mineral hazards due to the excessive usage of fertilizers. d . TI1e underground w ater is polluted due to the septic tanks which are not emptied but dispose w ater into the underground sw·face. • Solid nnd lwznrdous wnstes Wastes are collected by NCOs and local units which are not processing their work appropriately. In addition the transfer stations in Beni Sueif use open burning meU1od which don' t cover the wastes wiU1 sand. Regarding landfills,. U1ey are located in Beba only . TI1ere was a plan to consttuct anoU1er 2 landfills or dumping station. Moreover, there is one unit for composting was consttucted by a fw1d from Finland Aid. Tw o recycling factories were constructed Policies for cutting down pollution Action plan TI1e action plan includes inspection and follow up plans in association wiili EEAA, and U1e envimnmental affairs department in the goven1orate to inspect the existing projects in addition to forcing all U1e plants to readjust its status. In case of disobedience, legal procedures are taken along with directing these projects to U1e different institutions to get loan or grants for establishing treatment stations for its wastes. As for U1e w1der construction plants, they are not allow ed U1e licenses or the operation wlless U1ey get U1e environmental approval and show commitment towards environmental conditions along w ith the continuous follow up after operation. Moreover, U1ere is an approad1 towards transfening all U1e polluting industties outside U1e habitant area to industtial zones, especially in case of Hte high population cities. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 175 of 184 May 2013 · Project No. 1750 · HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA. Annex 5-1 More Bnseliue Iuformntiou ou tlte El-Miuyn Goveruorlne • Population and Demography l11e total population of El-Minya Governorate, including all Marakez (Al-Odwa, Maghagha, Beni Mazar, Mattay, Samallout, El-Minya, Abu Korkas, Mallawi and Deir Mowas) was estimated at 3,310,000 in 1996. Population studies indicate a rapid increase in Minya's population. In 1976, Minya's population was 2,045,000 raised to 2,645,000 in the next census in 1986, then 3,310,000 in 1996. According to U1e estimated census of U1e governorate in 2006, Minya' s population reached 4,049,000 with a gmwU1 rate of 2.19% . Population concentration for U1e total area of Minya is 0.12 U1ousandjkm2. As for U1e inhabited area, population concentration reaches 1.64 U10usand personjkm2 as this area is estimated to be 2411.65 km2. Such increase in growth rate in Minya compared to oU1er govemorates is related to U1e cultural inheritance that encourages early martiage & abundant off sptings as do the oU1er govemorates in Upper Egypt. Low economic standards of the family also encourage U1e family to have more kids as a source of · income especially U1at poverty level in El-Minya tises up to 51%, in addition to oU1er factors related to U1e general awareness of U1e citizens. GrowU1 rate in Minya reached 2.56% from2008 til12010. GrowU1 rate in U1e rural part of U1e govetnorate exceeds U1e urban ones, as it recorded 2.64% in the cow1ny side and 2.37% in the w·ban areas. However, growU1 rate in general tends from what it was ptior to 19% where it reached 2.71 %. Under the proposals set out in U1e Governorate' s Development Plan, the population of the El-Minya is likely to increase with U1e development of new industrial, commercial and residential businesses, and is expected to reach 4,332,950 by 2015. Tables 5-1-1 and 5-1-2 show population data for U1e El-Minya Govemorate, obtained from both U1e Central Agency for Public Mobilization & Statistics (CAPMAS) and U1e Infom1ation and Decision Support Center of U1e El-Minya Govemorate. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5- Page 176 of 184 May 2013 - Project . o. 1750 - HP ECGbYbAI.l~~\1. ENGI NEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Table 5-1-1 Population of t1te El-Minya Govemornte, w ith Details on Samallout Zoue, Year 2010 Estimates (based on 19% Census) Sex Males Females Total %age of No. Area (Cap ita) (Capita) (Capita) Total El-Minya Govemorate 2,126,916 2,039,383 4,166,299 100% El-Minya Marakez j Kisrns: 1 Minya 390,292 373,834 764,126 18.34% 2 Maghagha 221,398 213,841 435,239 10.45% 3 Al-Odwa 105,751 101,211 206,962 4.96% 4 BeniMazar 233,424 230,085 463,509 11 .13% 5 Mattay 119,224 119,600 238,824 5.73% 6 Sarnallout 302,592 284,182 586,774 14.08% 7 Abu Korkas 241,557 226,159 476,716 . 11.23% 8 Mallawi 361,026 341,744 702,770 16.87% 9 DeirMowas 151,652 148,727 300,379 7.21 % Source: El-Minya Governorate: Information and Decision Support Center, 2010. Table 5-1-2 Number and Percent of Population (10 Years & above) in tlte El-Minya Governorate by Educational Status according to PreliminanJ Results of Population Census 2006 · Ratio N o. Edu cational Status Number % 1 Illiterate 1,304,675 41 .3 % 2 Read & Write 418,713 13.3% 3 Illiterate Erase 51,184 1.6 % 4 Below Intermediate . 530,247 16.8 % 5 Intermediate 663,771 21.0 % 6 Above h1termediate 41,441 1.3% 7 University Degree 145,983 4.6 % 8 Above University Degree 145,983 0.1 % 9 Not Stated 3,533 . 0.00 Total 2,593,836 Source: Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS): Statistical Year Book, Dec. 2010. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 5- Pag~ 177 of 184 May 2013 · Project No. 1750 - HP ECG ~li./.ill~ (;$\!. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA • Employment and Labor Market The labor force of the El-Minya Governorate is aronnd 1,221,400, i.e. 29.32% of total population, with nnemployment, including job loosers, at aronnd 5.7% in 2010. Table 5-1-3 gives labor force market for the El-Minya Governorate. · The labor pool is comprised of employees of industtial activities (chemicals, building and construction, basic metals products, wood, wooden products & upholstery, spuming, weaving, garments & leather, paper products and food products), employees of small industty and small business operators. Around 43% of fl1e total labor pool can be categotized as skilled, having been trai11ed as i11dusttial technicians. Table 5-1-3 Labor Market in f11e El-Minya Governorate according to Preliminan1 Results of Population Ce11sus 2006 Item Unit Urban Rural Total Total Labor Force (1000) persons 243.3 978.1 1,221.4 No. of Employed Persons (1000) employed 217.0 934.3 1,151.2 No. of Un-employed Persons (1000) un-employed 26.4 43.8 70.2 Labor Force % 30.9 28.8 29.2 (% age of population) Rate of Un-employment % 10.8 4.5 5.7 Growth Rate of Work Force % -10.5 -9.7 -9.90 Females % 28.9 28.1 28.3 (% age of Work Force) Un-employment Rate of High Education % 24.1 17.7 20.9 Graduates Un-employment Rate of Intermediate & % 29.0 18.9 21.9 above Intermediate Education Graduates Source: CAPMAS: "Labor Force Sample Sw-vey 2006", Preliminary Data, 2010. • Government and Pu blic Services Potable Water S11pply Table 5-1-4 presents supply and consumption of potable water m the El-Minya Governorate in2010. The Nile liver is the ptincipal source for potable water for the entire El-Minya Governorate. Nile 1iver freshwater canals are the ptincipal source of fresh water in the El-Minya Governorate. The El-Minya water stations provide the entire Govemorate with actual capacity of about 330,000 m3 /day. The total potable water consumption for the whole area, is 210,500 m3/day in 2010. The percentage of households with access to potable water reaches 89.7%. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plaut Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 178 of 184 May 201 3 - Project No. 1750 - HP I ECG0tr~~va r. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA The per capita potable water consumption in the El-Minya Govemorate reaches an average of about 50.37liters/day. Sewage System Table 5-1 -5 gives some data on sanitation system in the El-Minya in the year 2007. The total sanitation capaci7 of Minya, Abu Korkas, Odwa, Deir Mowas cities and Bahnasa village was 64,000 m /day in 2010, while the total Govemorate's actual drainage of sewage stations owned by city councils totaled 30,107,000 m 3 in 2010. Table 5-1-6 presents the under constmction wastewater treatment stations. Table 5-1-4 Supply and Consumption of Potable Wnter in tlte El-Minya Govemornte, 2010 Item Unit Urban Rural Total Production of Potable Water 1000m3/day_ 156 174 330 Consumption of Potable Water 1000m3fday 108.2 102.3 210.5 % age of Household with access to Potable % 98.7 87.5 89.7 Water Pep Capita Potable Water Consumption Liter. 137.56 30.15 50.37 day/person Per Capita Potable Water Production Liter. 198.33 51.29 78.96 day/person Source: CAPMAS Statistical Year Book 2010 - Ministry of Housing Utilities & Urban Development, 2010- the El-Minya Govemorate Information & Decision Support Center, 2010. Table 5-1-5 Waste Water (Sewage) Stations, Served Locations, Designed Capacity nnd Drninnge Locations in t1te El-Minyn Govenwrnte, 2010 No. of No. of Designed Year of Drainage s Markaz or city Elevating Treatment Capacity Operation Location Station Stations 1 Minya city 15 1 4000m3/day 1965 Moheet 2 ~bo korkas city 5 1 40000 m3/day 1997 Moheet 3 Odwacity 2 1 2000m3fday 2005 Moheet 4 Deir Mowas city 2 1 1000m3 /day 2005 Kapkap 5 Balmasa village 2 1 2000msjday 1999 Balh Total 26 5 64000 m 3/day - - Source: Potable and Waste Water Company m the El-Minya Govemorate, 2010. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 179 of 184 May 20 13 - Project No. 1750- HP ECG ifdlihJ~ e-srv. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Table 5-1-6 Under Construction Waste Water Treatment Stations ill tlle El-Minya Goveruomte, 2010 s Location Designed Notes 1 Mallawi 40000 m 3 I day 2.5 km south west Mallawi city to serve it 2 Samallout 20000 m 3I day 15km west of Samallout city to serve it 3 Beni Mazar 20000 m 3I day 3km west of Beni Mazar city to serve it 4 Mattay 10000 m 3I day 6km west of Mattay city to serve it 5 Maghagha 20000 m 3I day 6 km west of Maghagha city to serve it 6 Minya at the 90000 m 3I day a. first stage desert hinterland t 120000 m3I day b. the end of the second stage. Source: Potable and Waste Water Company in the El-Minya Governorate, 2010. Electricity and Natural Gas Table 5-1-7 gives basic energy data for the El-Minya Govemorate in terms of number of subscribers in boU1 U1e electricity network and natural gas services as well as the electricity consumption. Table 5-1-7 Energy Data for tl1e El-Minya Govemornte, 2010 Item Unit Urban Rural Total No. of Subscribers in U1e Elecbicity Network 1000 Subsoibers - - 810 No. of Subscribers in Natw·al gas Services 1000 Subscribers - - 0.0 Total Electricity Consumption MkWh/year 950 970 1,920 Electricity Consumed for Lighting MkW/year 846 947 1,793 Electticity Consumed for Industt·ial Utilization MkWhfyear 104 23 127 Per Capita Consumption of Electticity for kWh/ year/ person 1,075.5 279.1 429.0 Lighting Source: l11e Cabinet Information and Decision Support Center: TI1e Egypt's Description by Infom1ation 2010. Healtll and Education Main medical facilities in U1e El-Minya Govemorate consist of 9 public and cenh·al hospitals, 31 healU1 integrated hospitals, 21 healU1 groups, 21 ptivate sector hospitals and 18 specialized hospitals. The hospitals collectively support approximately 6,574 beds, U1ey are well equipped for most types of surgery and convalescence and are staffed by more than 2,052 physicians, 212 dentists and ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 180 of 184 May 2013 ·Project No. 1750 · HP ECG~l.:ViJJ~~V. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA 3,778 nurses covering all medical specializations. Many other private hospitals, clinics, kidney washing facilities and physical therapy units are distributed over the El-Minya Govemorate area. Additional healtl1 care services in the El-Minya Govemorate include, also, 3 university hospitals, 93 ambulances, 343 family plaruling units/ centers and 33 mobile clinics shown in Tables 5-1-8. Table 5-1-8 Healtlt Care Indicators for tlte El-Miuya Governorate, 2010 Indicator Unit Value No. of Inhabitants per bed Inhabitant/ Bed 635.7 No. of Working Physicians Physician 2,052 No. of Inhabitants per physician hlhabitant/ physician 2,036.7 No. of Working Dentists Dentist 212 No. of Working Pharmacists Pharmacist 419 No. of Working Nursing Staff Nurse 3,778 No. of Inhabitants per Nurse Inhabitant/Nurse 1,106.2 No. of mhabitants per pharmacy h1habitantjpharmacy 3,995.5 No. of Beneficiaties from Healfi1 1000 Beneficiaries 2,020 h1surance System No. of Patients Treated at fi1e State 1000 . 22.13 Expense (in Egypt) Persons Total Medical Treatment Expenditure at tl1e State Expense L.E. Million 33.48 (in Egy pt) No. of Mobile Oinics Oinic 33 No. of Ambulances Ambulance 93 No. of inhabitants per Ambulance 1000 Inhabitant/ Ambulance 44.94 Prevalence of Contraceptives % 50.0 No. of Family Platlning Utlits Unit 343 Source: Minisny of Heath and Pop ulation--Governorate Informa tion & Decision Support Cen ter, 2010. Communications and Transportatiou Ta ble 5-1-9 lists fi1e available commmlication services in the El-Minya Govemorate. The El-Minya region, includes 75 Telephone Cenh·als and about 365,100 telephone lines. The Govemorate is currently in the process of providing additional telephone lines for thousands of list-w aited customers. The trcu1sportation network available witllin tl1e El-Minya Govemorate includes 66 km main paved roads, cu1d 1,828 km m1-paved ones. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 181 of 184 May 2013 · Project No. 1750 · HP ECG&-~~(p\1. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP S.A. About 644 buses run within all over the El-Minya Govemorate. A total of 76,390 licensed vehicles provide transportation services in the El-Minya Goven1orate, out of them about 17,142 ptivate cru·s and 4,367 taxis. Table 5-1-10 gives some more details on transport services in the El-Minya Goven10rate. Table 5-1-9 Communicntions Services in T11e El-Miuyn Governorate, 2010 Item Unit Urban Rural Total o. of Telephone Centrals Central 11 64 J 75 No. of Telephone Lines 1000 Lines 195.4 169.7 365.1 Telephone Density Line/100 persons 24.8 5.0 8.7 No. of Working Post Offices Post Office 38 173 211 1000 inhabitant/ No. of Inhabitants per Post Office 20.7 19.6 19.8 Post Office No. of Info1mation Teclmology Clubs Club - - 55 Source: Ministry of Commmlications & Infom1ation Teclmology, 2010. Table 5-1-10 Length of R oads in tl1e El-Minyn Governorate, 2010 U nit· km No. Attribution Road Spec. Length of Roads Les than 7.5m 0.0 7.5-12m 612 1 General Authority for Roads & Bridges More than 12m 28 Total 640 2 Local Administration Local Paved Roads 1,805 3 Un-paved Roads Total 63 Total 2,445 Total Paved (Asphalted) Roads % age of total Gov. 92.4 Source: CAPMAS: Statistical Year Book , Dec. 2010. ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 182 of 184 · May 2013 ·Project o. 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Social Services aud Social Care Community associations registered in U1e Ministry of Social Solidruity in tile El- Minya Governorate totaled 3,195 assodations in 2010, while non-profit subsidized cru·e ones reached 84 societies in 2010. Tables 5-1-11 gives useful information about soda! services, including guidance atld family consultation offices atld lodges in expatriate houses. Table 5-1-12 gives a list of some environment-related NGOs and tileir activities in tile El-Minya Governorate. Table 5-1-11 Social Affairs iu tl1e El-Miuya Govemornfe, 2010 Item Unit Urban Rural Total No. of social tutits Unit 19 104 123 Thousand No. of inhabitants per social tmit 41.4 32.6 34.0 inhabitants/ Unit No. of commtutity associations Association 518 675 1,193 Thousand No. of inhabitants per commtmity inhabitants/ 1.5 5.0 3.5 association Association No. of children at the nursery age Thousand children 105 590.5 695.5 No. of nurseries(•) Nursery 181 167 348 No. of children enrolled in nw·series<•J Thousand children 7.24 6.68 13.92 No. of children per nw·sery<•J Oilld/ Nursery 40 40.0 40.0 No. of nurseries for disabled childt·en Nursery - - 5 No. of centers for persons with special needs Center - - 2 No. of vocational formation centers Center - - 3 No. of rehabilitation offices Office - - 8 No. of physiotherapy centers Center - - 2 No. of beneficiaries of social security Thousand cases - - 71 .36 Disbw·sed amow1t of social secmity L.E Million - - 57.25 fwlds Amow1t of disbursed fw1ds per L.E/ Case - - 802.34 beneficiary No. of productive family projects<") Thousand projects - - 52.2 No. of social instu·ance beneficiaries in Thousand - - 177.9 the govemment sectm{•) beneficiaries No. of social insurance beneficiaties in Thousand - - 208.6 public & private sectors(•) beneficiaties Notes: (*) The number of productive family projects reflects the number of families benefiting from productive family rojects Source: CAPMAS "According to Census Preliminary Results 2006, Dec. 2010 and Ministry of Social Solidarity 2010. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 183 of 184 M ay 2013 · Project No. 1750 · HP ECG0trw.ill~ V-sr\t. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Table 5-1-12 NCO's World11g i11 t11e Field of Environment nnd Type of their Projects in tile El-Minya Govemornte, 2010 No NGOname Type of Project Location 1 Improving the environment Solid and liquid wastes Aker , Minya 2 Ragaa for development Solid and liquid wastes Beni Ahmed, Minya 3 Egyptian for development Solid and liquid wastes Beni MazaJ: 4 Egyptian for Local development Solid and liquid wastes Samaloot 5 The hope Plantation and cleaning Badraman, Die Mawas 6 Kamadeir development Cleaning and garbage Kamadeir, Samaloot 7 Alkais development Health awareness and Samaloot cleaning 8 El E'tezaz development Health awareness and Samaloot cleaning .... 9 Abo Gerg development Liquid wastes Berli Mazar 10 Social development Health awareness and Zalll'a, Minya toilets 11 Future Eve orgaJtization CleaJli.ng and health Minya awareness 12 COtmhy side woma11 Cleaning and awareness Dir Mawas development and garbage" 13 Youth of the Future Health awaJ·eness Minya 14 Integrated aJld sustainable Health awareness Minya development Source: Soetal Solidanty Du·ectorate m the El-Minya Govemorate, 2010. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 5-Page 184 of 184 May 2013 -Project No. 175 0- HP ECG~l.;Vil~ c~v ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA 6. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 6.1 METHO DOLOGY The objective of the impact assessment is to identify and manage the lisks to the environment and society that are expected to arise from the proposed activities. The process involves: 1. Identifying all U1e hazardous and beneficial activities. 2. Introducing mitigation measures to reduce those hazardous activities to an acceptable level. The hazardous and beneficial activities were identified using a 01ecklist based on EU Guidelines< tl to provide a systematic approach and help to make sure U1at noUting is missed. The conshuction contractor has yet to be appointed and U1e construction meU10ds desCiibed in U1e project descliption are used as U1e basis for U1e impact assessment, alU10ugh worst case scenalios have been considered such as U1e use of mobile conshuction camps. If there is any matelial change in U1ese procedures once the conh·actor is selected, the contractor will be required to re- assess the social and environmental impacts under a change control process. TI1e project activities are summarized in Table 6-1 below: Table 6-1 List of Activities • Carry out pre-inst~lation • Install towers and cables investigations • All conshuction activities • Conshuct access roads • Operate U1e line • Prepare line corridor • Maintain U1e line • Prepare and conshuct tower foundations • De-commission and reinstatement • Mobilisation / Demobilisation of temporary conshuction sites The outcomes of the activities desclibed were divided into environmental aspects and environmental impacts to make it easy use the impact assessment in U1e installation conh·actor' s environmental management system. Enviromnental aspects have a special meaning wiU1in the ISO 14001, Hte international standard for Environmental Management Systems and are defined 1 Guidance on EIA : Scoping, issued by the European Commission in Jtme 2001 ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ lnt~connection Project CH 6-Page I of 39 May 2013 . Project No. 1750 · HP ECGC:trw.Wb00 (p\1. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA as any "element of an organization' s activities, products or services that can interact with the environment". An environmental impact is defined within ISO 14001-2004 as "any change to U1e environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an organization's activities, products or services." Put more simply we start wiU1 an activity, like preparing the line conidor that leads to an environmental aspect, like clear-cutting crops in some cultivated areas for U1e towers foot spots or cutting down trees (usually physical effect), U1at in turn has an impact like the destmction or degradation of a habitat (biological effect) . The environmental aspects U1at have been identified are listed in Table 6-2. Table 6-2 List of Aspects • Gear-cutting Crops or cutting down • Land acquisition I use u·ees, land clearance • Failure of wires • Physical disturbance (noise, • Accidents ft·om electrocution movement, dust) • Compaction of soil • Accidents ft·om working at height • Noise • Working in sensitive lands, soil • Solid waste generation and disposal disturbance • Discharge of effluent / sewage • Subterranean cultural heritage finds • Fuel or oil leaks • 01ange of land use • Above grotmd cultural hetitage sites • Creation of EMF • Air emissions • Physical presence of towers and cables • Creation of ozone, NOx • Failure of towet·s I loss of shuctural integrity • Accidents and injuries • Consh1.tction tt·affic • Improved h·ansm ission efficiency • Influx of labour • Light pollution • Accidental damage to crops I land/ property • Fire • Theft From these aspects a number of impacts are generated. Oearly, each aspect may lead to more than one impact while many aspects may share the same impact. TI1e list of potential impacts associated with U1e above aspects is presented in Table 6-3. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 6-Page 2 of 39 May 2013 - Project No. 1750- HP I ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP 'SA Table 6-3 List of Potential Impncts • Contamination of soil • Reduction of amenity value • Contamination of surface waters • Reduction of soil productivity • Destruction I degradation of • Resettlement of population habitats • Visual impact -> Reduction of • Safety I health impact for the property value neighbouring population • Visual impact -> Reduction of amenity • Safety I health impact for value workers • Climate change, acidification • Impact on hydt·ological pattems • Changes in soil dynamics and • Impact to geomorphology (from composition soil and debris) • Changes in flora species • Changes in biodiversity • Increased access & secondary impacts • Loss of income • Improve conditions for certain species • Increased income (e.g. reptiles, raptors) • Disturbance of mammals I • Loss of cultural heritage nesting birds • Death _pr illness from infectious disease • Mortality of birds • Nuisance to neighbouring population, visitors • Reduction of property value ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 6-Page 3 of 39 May 2013 -Project No. 1750- HP ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP S.A. 6.2 SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 6.2.1 Involuntary Resettlement It appears that no one family will have to be moved because of the project. EETC is in the process of finalizing the exact route of the transmission line. All sections of the proposed route are far enough (450 meter or more) of any family houses. 6.2.2 Temporary Economic Impacts during Construction Temporary economic impacts are -expected to include damage or loss of crops and possibly some damage to ag1icultmal infrastructure such as fences and drainage ditches. The impacts may also include loss of access to areas used for grazing livestock and will definitely include the clearance of areas of crops. The impacts will occm at the sites used for assembling the towers alld along the all access routes that will be used to reach the sites where the towers will be erected. It is expected that other sites will also be required for construction camps, for stockpiling materials alld for pal·king and the maintenance of the vehicles and equipment (cranes, generators alld so on) that will be used at the assembly and tower sites. It is important to emphasise that the details of the constmction program- including the selection of the access roads to the ROW, the number of work fronts, the selection of ti1e sites for ti1e conshuction camps, stockpiles alld vehicle maintenance sites will only be detemlined once the construction contract has been put into force. TI1e amount of damage can be reduced tiuough ti1e careful selection of access roads, which will have to be CalTied out in close consultation with ti1e local auti1orities, lalldowners and land users. The tinling of ti1e construction program is anoti1er factor ti1at will have to be taken into accom1t. TI1ere will be all opportunity to negotiate ti1e specific conditions with lalld users before conshuction starts. Past experience shows that compensation for temporaly dalnage does not represent a significallt problem. Compensation will be assessed in accordance with ti1e Law No. 63 of ti1e yeal· 1974 alld will be detemlined by commissions created by ti1e Governorate's Adminish·ations ti1at will include representatives of ti1e affected Village ComlCils, ti1e Governorate's Lalld Use Authmity, ti1e Gove1norate's Arcllitecttll'e alld Plalming Authmity, ti1e Gove1norate's Depal'tment of Finance and ti1e Governorate's affected landowners. 6.2.3 Other Temporary Impacts during Construction Titis may include positive alld negative impacts. TI1e possible positive impacts include tile generation of some direct employment for people living in ti1e project al'ea, all increase in opportunities for indirect income generation alld possibly ti1e reconshuction of roads in ti1e project area. • Direct employment. Titis is importallt since ti1ere are high levels of under and m1employment in ti1e areas situated along ti1e route of ti1e ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 6-Page 4 of 39 May 2013 - Project No. 1750 - HP ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA transmission line. The employment of local labour would help to maximise U1e potential benefits to people living in tl1e nearby settlements. It is likely tl1at tl1e construction workers will be organised as four or five separate teams at each work fi·ont. The teams would be responsible for: 1) Laying the foundations for tl1e towers, 2) Construction or assembly of tl1e towers, 3) Erection of the towers and installation of tl1e elechic cables. The first team as a rule will not require highly skilled labour and tl1e work could potentially be carried out by local excavator and bulldozer dtivers and builders under tl1e supervision of qualified taskmaster. In fact, the main conh·actor may conceivably sub-contract these tasks to local companies. TI1e otl1er tasks, particularly the erection of the towers and hanging tl1e cables requires labour with specialist skills tl1at will have to be drawn from all over Egypt. In addition to employment on tl1e construction sites there may be opportunities for direct employment - perhaps Uu-ough local sub- conh·actors - in areas such as cateling (at construction camps), transport (bringing workers and/ or matelials to tl1e constmction sites) and secwity. The potential benefits of the project can be maximised eitl1er by including a requirement in tl1e tender documents for tl1e contractor/ s to hll·e a certain proportion of non-specialist workers from tl1e dishicts or perhaps regions affected by tl1e project and/ or by requirements in U1e tender for tl1e contractor/ s to publicise job opportunities in tl1e affected dishicts, using local media (radio and local newspapers) and by providing information to local autl1otities and village councils. Some additional jobs could be reserved for tl1e local population, for instance, crop clearance along the RoW and access roads. • Opportunities for income generation. As well as tl1e sub-conh·acts noted above, the influx of construction workers and/ or tl1e increased disposable income available to tl1e local workers employed on the project will have a minor multiplier effect on tl1e economy of tl1e towns and villages situated along tl1e route of tl1e h'ansmission line. TI1ere may be an increased demand for rented accommodation, meals and so- on. There may also be some opportunities for linkages, such as tl1e provision of food to the caterers at tl1e conshuction camps, sale of clotlling for workers, maintenance of vehicles and so on. • Improvements to the road network. In some cases tl1ere will be a need to improve or conshuct access roads leading to tl1e RoW of tl1e h·;msmission line. TI1ese roads can be used by otl1er traffic and will improve tl1e h·ansport network in tl1e project area. However, negative secondary impacts may also cuise from improved access, disnu·bance of birds at nesting times or illegal logging. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 6-Pag~ 5 of 39 May 2013 · Project No. 1750 · HP ECG~~~(p\!. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Other potential negative impacts during construction include an increase in road traffic and an increased risk of road accidents, noise, dust and perhaps traffic fumes, which could create conflict between local people and outside workers. Most of these impacts can be avoided or at least significantly mitigated if the consultation process is maintained and tl1e concems of local people are properly addressed during the detailed planning of the construction program. These mitigation measmes will be explicitly addressed in the tender documents, monitoring procedmes and environmental management plan. TI1e grievance procedures will also allow EETC to identify any tmforeseen problems as they arise. • Road traffic and risk of accidents. TI1e project will increase U1e movement of heavy traffic on roads near U1e route of tl1e transmission lines. Tilis will include movements of excavators and bulldozers, cranes and otl1er lifting gear, trucks carrying building materials for U1e towers and tl1e cables, and buses or minibuses carrying workers to and from tl1e construction sites. TI1e negative impacts of Ulis tr·affic flow can be reduced by selecting specific access roads to the route of tl1e transmission line and avoiding or by-passing the built-up areas of villages and towns and especially avoiding routes tl1at pass in front of schools, old people's homes or hospitals. TI1e access routes - especially for oversized or hazardous loads - will be detemlined in coordination with the local authorities and will be binding on the contr·actor / s and sub-contr·actor/ s. Tilis can be enforced by putting up signs to show the selected route and/ or the roads where access is prollibited. TI1e impacts can also be reduced by restricting tr·affic to certain homs, for instance from 8.00am to lO.OOpm and/ or by prollibiting heavy tr·affic on nlinor roads outside daylight hours. TI1e risk of road accidents can be reduced tlu·ough strict enforcement of tl1e healtl1 and safety policy (particularly in regard to vellicle maintenance), speed limits and tl1e code of conduct, especially in regard to the consumption of chugs (see below). • Noise, dust and traffic fumes. TI1e main problems during construction relate to tl1e tr·affic movements and possibly pile dtiving in some areas for const:J.uction of the foundations of towers. As noted above, the worst impacts on tl1e local population can be avoided by ensming traffic is restr·icted to specific, clearly-defined access roads and by limiting traffic movements outside nonnal working hom·s. Dust may be a problem in some areas during almost all mont11s, especially where heavy tr·affic is moving along dirt roads. It can be controlled by using water spraying from bowsers - altl1ough Ulis may make tl1e roads slippe1y and perhaps more dangerous for light vellicles. Contr·ols on noise, dust and traffic fumes have to be addressed in U1e tender documents. • Presence of an outside workforce. TI1ere is a potential for conflict if much of U1e workforce is brought from outside and is housed in a temporary constr11ction camp or camps near tl1e work sites. Typical problems include disputes with local people and possibly tl1e presence of bars and prostitutes, leading to a risk of fights, accidents, increase in sexually tr·ansnlitted diseases and so on. · ESIA for Helwan South Power Plalll Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 6-Pag~ 6 of 39 May 20 13 - Project No. 1750- HP ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP A The construction of the transmission line is not concentrated in a single place but is continually moving from one site to another. Since the work requires four or five separate teams on each front and a number of fronts may be working simultaneously, it is expected that the contractorfs will bring the workers to the construction sites on a daily basis, bussing them in from U1e nearest towns or villages. In this case U1e workforce is less likely to have a negative impact on villages along U1e route of the transmission line; indeed many of U1e less specialized workers could be hired locally and would live at home. It is essential U1at U1e presence of an outside workforce does not adversely affect local people and shict "code of conduct" will be applied U1at will cover public healU1 and safety issues along wiU1 respect for the environment and respect for local people. The application of a "code of conduct" will be contractually binding and will be described in U1e tender documents and included in U1e contract drawn up between EETC and the main contractor. 6.2.4 Permanent Land Take and Restriction of Use The areas of U1at land required for U1e transmission towers are relatively small: between lOxlO m2 (for suspension towers) and 14xl4 m2 (for terminal and special towers) and reach 30x30 m2 for only two Nile Crossing towers. One estimate gives a total of 625 towers: comprising 493 G2, 55 G30, 30 G60, 2 (GT 60 + EO), 6 GTR, 35 AO, 2 Nile Crossing and 2 special. Around 80 of U1em will cross cultivated areas west of U1e Nile River at Samallout I El-Minya area. This would give a total land take in Samallout, El-Minya area of just around 3.0 Feddans for all U1e towers crossing green field land. The rest of U1e number of towers (ru.·om1d 552) will be extended along m1cultivated mlinhabited, state-owned desert lands. As U1e areas required ru.·e relatively small and since U1e line will not pass Uuough U1e built-up cu·eas of any villages, the in1pact of the pennanent land-take will be minor and is unlikely to have any significru.1t effect on U1e productive capacity or eanling potential of people living in the project area. It is recommended U1at people do not work for more U1an 3-8 hom'S at a time under the trru.lSmission lines - which normally would hang at a minimum of 15-20m above U1e ground. In fact, U1e lowest towe1.· height doesn't go m1der 50 m . Tilis would reduce the likelil1ood of any effects from EMF and would allow people to work m1der the transmission lines for 3-8 hours at a time. The main concerns relating to the easement are: • Much of the line crosses areas of desert. Most desert and desert lru.1d belongs to U1e State ownersllip. TI1e dese1.·t will have to be crossed to U1e height determined in U1e maintenance regulations for power lines. In tem1s of U1e purely social impacts (i.e. as opposed to envimnmental or aesU1etic impacts) this will not be very significant. • TI1e main concerns in relation to land acquisition and the easements have been raised in U1e El-Minya Govemorate's meetings, where land is being ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 6-Page 7 of 39 May 2013- Project No. 1750- HP EC G (;t:;l.;Vil~ :P~if- ENGINE ERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA developed as agricultural areas. Compensations that shall be paid by EETC to affected fatmers have been emphasized and well detailed several times. At the public consultations it was clear that there is no expectation that land values willtise and landowners are demanding volatile compensation for the easements and the payment would be on the basis of "market value" for the land needed for the towers. It should be noted that there are fair rules for estimating or ascertaining the "market value" of the land needed for the towers. People in the El- Minya have been demanding that EETC should negotiate the acquisition of all plots on a willing buyer-willing seller basis. There is also an expectation that the "market value" should take into account the potential increase in the value of the land due to loss of crops. 6.2.5 Pub lic Safety It is useful to distinguish public health and safety issues during construction from the long-term public health and safety issues related to the transmission line. The main issues dming consnuction relate to U1e potential for road accidents and secmity at U1e construction sites. • The increased Iisk of road accidents due to an increase in heavy n·affic is discussed above in section 6.2.3. It should be noted that nmmally U1ere is very little n·affic in rural villages in Upper Egypt. This accenhtates tl1e tisk, firstly because children and oU1ers are not used to traffic and secondly because people in rural areas often use animal traction - especially donkey-drawn carts. TI1e contractorfs can reduce U1e 1isk of accidents first by instilling a health and safety focused working culhlre among all the drivers and oU1er employees - i.e. they will be obliged to dlive slowly in village areas, respect donkey-drawn transport and not frighten U1e donkeys by using U1eir horns or revving U1eir engines to hmry U1em along. Second, U1ere may be opporhlnities to organize road safety classes in local schools in order to instill greater awareness of U1e potential hazards of road n·affic among pupils. • The other issue that needs to be considered is secwity at tl1e conshuction sites. TI1e security requirements differ from most consnuction projects as U1e project involves a number of separate constmction sites U1at will be worked in phases: laying U1e fom1dation, assembling U1e tower, hanging tl1e n·ansmission lines. Adequate secmity will be provided dwi ng conshuction at all U1e sites: where approp1iate temporruy fencing will be provided to prevent livestock straying onto U1e sites ru1d to prevent children playing U1ere. Dming constmction of U1e foundations ru1d assembly of the towers it will probably be necessruy to have a w atchmru1 at the site to prevent people ru1d animals from enteling U1e site ru1d to discourage U1e pilfeling of materials. TI1e watchmen or secwity guru·ds will have adequate training in dealing wiU1 U1e sihlations U1at ru·e likely to arise. In prut iculru· U1ey must be trained not to overreact to minor incidents. ESIA for Hehvan South Pow~ Plant Transmission Line lnt~connection Project CH 6-Page 8 of 39 May 2013- Project No. 1750- HP I ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP A The long-term issues include the risk of people trying to steal materials or climb the towers, the risk of the towers collapsing and possible impacts of the electrical and magnetic fields (EMF) on the health of people living near to the transmission lines. • Apparently in other parts of Egypt there have been cases where people have been killed trying to hange something on the transmission lines or steal conductors from transmission lines to sell as scrap. Tllis can be discouraged by presenting regular infotmation programs in the villages situated along the route of the transmission line. The infom1ation could be provided through posters and leaflets - distributed in schools and other public buildings - and could be backed up witi1 shmt radio or TV "spots". • T11e nuts and bolts used in ti1e construction of transmission towers are also prone to theft, and tllis can in tum lead to the toppling or collapse of ti1e towers. To prevent tilis all ti1e nuts are welded to the bolts in ti1e towers. T11e h·ansmission companies have contingency plans to deal witi1 ti1e collapse of towers, for instance due to exceptionally high winds and/ or sh·on& floods. 6.2.6 Public health & Electromagnetic fields (EMF) During the past 20 years ti1e public has become increasingly concemed about potential adverse healti1 effects of exposure to electric and magnetic fields. Witi1 h·ansmission lines, ti1ese effects occur at extremely low frequencies. · Elech·omagnetic fields consist of elechic (E) and magnetic (H) waves travelling togeti1er, as shown in the diagram(l). T11ey travel at the speed of light and are characterized by a frequency and a wavelength. T11e frequency is simply the number of oscillations in the wave per unit time, measw·ed in wlits of Hertz or cycles per second. T11e wavelength is ti1e distance travelled by the wave in one oscillation (or cycle). Witl1 h·ansnlission lines, the wavelengt11s in air are very long (6000 km at 50 Hz) and, for practical purposes, ti1e electric and magnetic fields act independently of one anoti1er and can be measured separately. Electric fields effectively atise from voltage and at'e measured in kilovolt per meter (kV jm). Anytiling tl1at is connected to an elech·ical outlet, even if the device is not switched on, will have an associated elech·ic field that is proportional to tile voltage of ti1e source to wllich it is cmmected. Electric fields at·e strongest close to ti1e device. T11e sh-engtll of ti1e field dinlinishes witi1 distat1ce and is sllielded by 1 Courtesy of World Health Organisation (1998) Factsheet 205 http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs205/enl ESIA for H~lwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ lnterconn~tion Proj~t CH 6-Pag~ 9 of 39 May 2013 · Proj~t No. 1750 · HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S A materials such as wood and metal. WHO report that the available evidence suggests that, the effects of exposures of up to 20 kV jm are generally few and ilmocuous. Low frequency electric fields have not been shown to have any effect on reproduction or development in animals at strengths over 100 kV fm. Magnetic fields arise from cutTent and their strength is usually expressed as corresponding magnetic induction in units of tesla, (T), millitesla (mT). There is little confirmed experimental evidence tl1at low frequency EMF can affect human physiology and behaviour at field strengtlls found in tl1e home or environment. WHO report that exposure of voltmteers for several hours to low frequency EMF fields up to 5 mT had little effect on a number of clinical and physiological tests, including blood changes, heart rate, blood pressure, and body tempe1:ature. Some epidemiological studies have determined a tentative link witl1 a doubling of childhood leukemia, a rare disease affecting 4 out of 100,000 children< tl. TI1ese studies are still ongoing. There is no evidence to link EMF witl1 otl1er cancers. Egyptian requirements in relation to EMF are generally similar to tl10se of WHO and impacts of EMF are regulated by the Rules for Protection h·om Impacts of Electromagnetic Fields issued by tl1e Law 63 of 1974. These regulations apply to people who work or reside in tile area near to tl1e transmission lines or other facilities, which generate electric fields. Compliance monitoring is tl1e responsibility of managers of organizations who organize such work and tl1e EEAA, which agrees ESIA documents, signs environmental pemlits and motlitors operation of transnlission lines and facilities. Transmission Lines- Protection Zones (TLPZ) are established by Law 63/1974 to protect population h·om impacts of electric fields . For 500 kV transmission lines tl1e widtl1 of TLPZ is 25 m from the h·ajectory of projection of transmission lines on tl1e ground, on both sides (a total of 50m). Persotmel employed for maintenance of h·ansmission lines should raise awareness of population regarding safe behavior near h·ansmission lines. If any works are plarmed in transmission lines protection zone or near transmission lines, persormel responsible for labor safety should provide necessary briefing for involved workers. It is recommended tl1at for new power lines which ar·e designed or being conshucted, the distance from the axis of 500 kV h·ansmission line to the boundary of settlement should not be less than 25 m. In most cases this distance could be increased as ar1 additional measure to reduce the intensity of elechic field. For the sake of comparison, elechic ar1d magnetic fields underneath overhead h·ansmission lines may be as lligh as 12 kV jm and 30 J!T respectively. Witllin indushy , workers ar·oml.d generating stations ar1.d substations, ar·e subjected to elech·ic fields up to 16 kV/m and magnetic fields up to 270 J!T. Workers within 1 WHO (200 1) Factsheet 263 http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs263/en/ ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 6-Page 10 of39 May 2013 - Project No. 1750 - HP ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA generating stations and substations experience electric fields in excess of 25 kVf m and magnetic fields in excess of 2 mT. Welders can be subjected to magnetic field exposures as high as 130 mT, whilst magnetic fields near induction furnaces and industrial electroly tic cells can be as high as 50 mT. 6.3 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION 6.3.1 Impacts on Natural Reserves Farmlands: The line will cross pat't of the farmlands . According to past expelience, this will not cause significant impacts as, apparently, tl1e fatnlland is already ma11aged, cropped atld hatvested. The farmlat1d setvice has already platmed to be cultivated and hatvested alternatively witl1 periodical crops. Nevertheless tl1e current design of tl1e line is not anticipated to cause problems witl1 the species since tl1e fatnllands population has been greatly minimal. Desertlands - In general tl1e transmission line is not expected to cause negative impacts on eitl1er tl1e desertlat1ds or tl1e wider area around it. However based on tl1e fact tl1at vety few pat'ts of tl1e desert land may be used as a migration stop- over for different birds atld in order to minimise any possible disturbance, it is proposed that constmction is not eatTied out during migration and nesting season. Additional to tl1e aviat1-safe conshuction in tl10se patts of desertlands of tl1e towers, tl1e power lines in tl1ese patts of tl1e desertlatld at·e to be properly insulated. Altematively, a monitoling program will be implemented for two migration periods to vetify possible problems. 6.3.2 Impacts on Biodiversity While t11e majority of route only passes through desertlands and avoids crop cultivations, considerable at·eas will be affected as 30-32km of the 250km route (12%) passes through cultivable land. The impact will be reduced where possible by using small at·eas for towers footings . This helps to preserve overall croplands. 6.3.3 Loss of Habitats TI1e trat1smission line will not cause significant habitat loss. As regat·ds to habitat homogeneity and continuat1ce, tl1e small cleatings that will be created for tl1e needs of the tratlsmission line (including access roads) while wider atld stretching to a long and continuous line, they will still be similat· to tl1e ones resulting h·om t11e current cleat·-felling cultivar practises. As a result, and provided that tl1e mentioned small occupations at·e made to tl1e proposed route, the created clearat1ces will not cause significatlt loss of habitats or significant additional disturbance to local flora and faw1a. The improper disposal of excavation matelial is anotl1er factor t11at may have significant impact on habitat botl1 in tetms of at·ea and ofquality. Titis is especially important in t11e case of vety humid sites atld parts of t11e cultivated lands. Improper practises atld dumping alters tl1e composition of tl1e soils, tl1eir ability to witlll1old atld drain water, at1d finally causes cllanges in vegetation cover at1d ESIA for H~lwan South Power Plant Trammission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 6-Pag~ II of 39 May 2013 ·Project o. 1750 · HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA flora. As a result they are not expected to have any impact on species composition and population numbers. In general the measures proposed for the geological impacts are suitable to maintain habitat qualities as well. 6.3.4 Impacts from Construction, Clearance, Disturbance Works dwing the construction phase (use of access roads, excavations and improper deposition of excavation matelial, human presence) are expected to cause some increased aru10yance and distmbance. Tilis applies especially to constmction canied out dming the reproduction period of important bird species. Birds may abandon their nests if distmbed or distmbance may result in very low reproductive success. Apart from birds, the majority of the other fauna species encountered in the area are relatively common and tolerant to human presence. Rare species are not considered to be Uueatened by Ute project, especially if Ute activities are not cartied out dming nesting season (to also accommodate U1e needs of birds). Once constructed, U1e transnlission line is not expected to cause any impacts greater titan U1e ones already caused by Ute cunent general commercial harvesting, provided Utat some vegetation (including crops) will continue to exist in at least parts of the line route 6.3.5 Impacts from Operation/ Birds Depending on Ute type of construction used, transnlission towers, power lines and power poles may cause impacts to birds residing in fue area. Tills is particularly hue for large birds. Such impacts are related to collisions wiU1 Ute wires of Ute line, due to U1e fact Utat large birds are not easy in changing flight direction while wires may not be readily visible to Utem. In addition, some towers may be prefeiTed by birds as Utey may provide considerable elevation above U1e sm'l·ounding tenant, Utereby offering a wide field ,of view. Migrat01y birds, if any, may also be at lisk under certaii1 conditions, alU10ugh U1ey usually fly in much lligher elevations titan Ute height of the transmission lines. TI1e area of Ute River Nile Valley between Samallout and Zaluaa Al-Maadi, alUtough does not host any significant bil·d population itself, part of it may be situated on a major n·aject01y of the Emasian-Aftican migration route (Figure 5-68), and substantial numbers of migrat01y birds traverse Ute area dming boUt autumn and spril1g. Along Ute El-Miltya segment of Ute T.L., ve1y high towers are only linlited to two towers crossing Ute Nile River, with a height of approximately 150 m, eacl1. However, fuis area is outside Ute Emasian-Anican nligration route (see Fi~tre 5-68), and Uterefore impacts to migrating bil·ds are considered low. EETC has already expelience of n·ansmission line conshuction near U1e Nile (i.e. Ute Aswan ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line lnterconn«tion Proj«t CH 6-Page 12 of 39 May 2013 ·Project No. 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Dam / Cairo 500 kV transmission line constructed in Egypt since 1967) where there has been no accidental bird collision recorded for more than 40 years. Mi~igntiou Mensures: In order to further reduce potential impacts to migratory birds during project operation, parts of the b:ansmission line that are potential to cross potential corridors of migrating birds shall be constructed and protected according to U1e Guidelines: "Protecting Birds from Power Lines; Nature and EnviJ:oru:nent, No. 140, Council of European Publislill1g" (use of red poles, for mstance is a successful mitigatiJ1g measure U1at is utilized in many locations). Such measures will also be employed for U1e elevated lli1e segment crossmg U1e River Nile. h1 addition, an ornitl1ological study is already conducted by JICA over 2-years period on botl1 sides of the River Nile m El-Minya area, m U1e course of investigam1g possible conditions for constmcting wind farms . 1l1e outcomes of this study have proved U1at almost no migratory birds would be found in U1e area, Ums no mitigation measures are required (the study is presented by NREA, but the Report is not disclosed yet). In order to reduce the impact on resident and migratory birds during the construction phase, conshuction work and otl1er human activities should be avoided or greatly reduced in the wadis. Additionally, depositing of garbage and construction of areas with open water should be avoided. 6.3.6 Geomorphology, Geological Structures, Soil Significant changes in tl1e relief during U1e transmission line construction are not expected. Some local changes may take place close to the sites of towers locations as a result of earth-movmg works. Impacts to U1e upper geologic layers and soil will take place at U1e locations of h·ansmission towers installation, as t11e structure of layers may be distm·bed durmg U1e excavation for U1e foundations and U1e backfilling. h1 addition, U1e conshuction of temporary access roads to U1e places of towers installation and sites for tl1eir assembly and erection will require eartl1 works that may also impact on geological structures. Dming U1e conshuction process the contamination of ground surface is possible a t places of conshuction and mstallation works, at construction bases (storage places for buildmg materials, machiJ1ery, mechanisms and at places where buildiJ1g workers will temporary live), along U1e temporcu:y roads. Soil contamination may take place dming prepcu·atory works cu1d canyu1g out of geological smve , decu·mg of tl1e route, etc. In order to address these potential impacts, the top layer of fertile soil is to be removed dming construction works and stored. Lands recultivation and restoration will be ccu1.ied out after works implementation. h1 addition, after completion of consbuction all the temporcuy roads and embankments will be ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 6-Page 13 of 39 May 2013 - Project No. 1750 - HP ECG C:t,k.Vil~ (Jx\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA decommissioned, lands will be recultivated and restored and the micro relief reproduced. 6.3.7 Impacts on Groundwater/ Soil Composition The major part of the transmission line route is characterized by rather low groundwater level. As a consequence, U1e construction of U1e transmission line at all places will not have any impact to U1e underground aquifer. In specific, no changes in infiltration of U1e ground layer will take place at the locations where the towers will be installed as a result of U1e earU1 works related to tower foundations. In addition, direct ingress of contaminants into U1e aquifer is not possible during U1e construction process, during foundations assembly and piling in particular. The significance of such impacts is expected to be very limited due to U1e relatively deep locality of the underground aquifer. Temporary contamination of soils with mnoffs from consb.uction sites may take place dming U1e construction of the transmission line. Contaminants may comprise: • fuelleaks; • paints and solvents; • construction waste and domestic garbage. Similar impacts but at a lower scale may also occm dtuing u·ansmission line inspection and maintenance. The contamination of soils and groundwaters will be avoided tluough tl1e application of best practice dtuing consb.uction and operation of the line, including tl1e management of subcontractors. 6.3.8 Archaeological Finds Despite the fact that reasonable precaution measm·es have been taken dming t11e u·ansmission line route plaruling not to interfere wiU1 sites of archaeological or culttu·al importance, tl1ere is a chance tl1at archaeological finds come up dtuing consb.'t1ction activities. The consb.uction conb.·actor will be required to have management plans in place to ensure U1at such finds are appropliately handled. Tllis will include approptiate training of U1e workforce, and suitable procedmes to assess tl1e importance of finds and notify the relevant autl10rities. 6.3.9 Aesthetics The u·ansnlission line route crosses a ratl1er flat tetTain in desert lands. In tl10se segments of U1e route where tl1e line crosses cultivated areas, tl1e visibility of towers and conductors is reduced and so is U1e visual impact to local inhabitants and visitors. Tllis is not tl1e case, however, in non- cultivated areas, where the line may be visible from long distances. ESIA for Helwan South Pow~ Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 6-Page 14 of 39 May 2013 - Project No. 1750 - HP ECGbYbAJJ~ ~\f. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Effort has been put during the route design to mitigate visual impacts as far as possible, tluough: • Routing the line away from inhabited areas . • A voiding angle towers that are far more noticeable. • Running alongside otl1er infrastmcture (i.e. highways, b:ansmission lines). Consultation was also carlied out witl1 tl1e regional adminisb·ations of tl1e cultural heritage preservation as well as tl1e local councils in order to identify and avoid potential impacts to buildings, monuments or sites of local cultmal significance. 6.3.10 Noise The audible noise associated witl1 overhead transmission lines is due to tl1e corona effect. Corona is tl1e partial elecb.ical breakdown of tl1e insulating properties of air amund the conductors of a b.·ansmission line. In a small volume near tl1e smface of the conductors, energy and heat are dissipated. Part of this energy is in tl1e f01n1 of small local pressm·e changes tl1at result in audible noise. Corona generated audible noise can be charactelized as a hissing, crackling sound tl1at, m1der certain conditions, is accompanied by a 120-Hz hum. Corona- generated audible noise is of concern primarily for transmission lines operating at voltages of 500 kV and higher during bad weatl1er. TI1e conductors of high-voltage transmission lines are designed to be corona-free under ideal conditions. However, prob.usions on t11e conductor smface- particularly water droplets on or dtipping off tl1e conductors-cause elecb.ic fields near the conductor sm·face to exceed comna onset levels, and corona occurs. TI1erefore, audible noise from transmission lines is generally a bad-weatl1er (wet- conductor) phenomenon. Wet conductors can ocCtu' during periods of rain, fog, snow, or icing. Dming bad weather, noise levels as high as 70 dB(A) have been observed at distances as much as 100 m from tl1e conductors. Som1d levels associated witl1 conunon noise som'Ces are given in Section 2.6.4 and Section 2.6.6. Noise levels reduce rapidly witl1 distance from the som·ce. Noise enusstons associated witl1 tl1e Corona effect, even in bad weatl1er conditions, will comply with national standards (acceptable level of night time noise less than 45 dB(A}, day time less tl1an 55 db(A) at tl1e closest house) wit11 the closest house being at least beyond 25m away. 6.4 RISK OF NATURAL HAZARDS As far tl1e Transmission Line is passing tluough Wadi Hof, Wadi Garawi, Wadi Tarfa and otl1ers, tl1e project will be subjected to the impact of t11e flash flood hazard. TI1e project area can be divided into 2 sectors (Figure 6-1). In each sector, tl1e risk zone _ area is marked and determined in the intersection of tl1e ESIA for Helwan ·south Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 6-Page 15 of 39 May ,2 013- Project No. 1750- HP ECG~b.AV~ '$\J. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Transmission Line with the main drainage system, wadi l::libutaries and the main faults (Figure 6-2 and Tnbles 6-4 & 6-5 nnd Figure 6-3 and Tables 6-6 & 6-7) . According to U1e morphomemc parameters proposed by different authors, U1e flash flood tisk assessment in U1e study area will be in a medium grade. It is highly recommended to trace the Transmission Line on U1e top of the Wadi Terraces above U1e level of U1e wadi course (floor) and in the downstream side of U1e wadi. In Ulis case, the road will be acting as a dyke to reduce U1e velocity of the smface runoff and to mitlimize U1e 1isk of U1e flash flood hazards. The eastem part of the study area is vulnerable to earthquakes. This should be taken into consideration dming U1e design of U1e foundation and U1e installation of U1e towers of U1e Transmission Lines. The location of West Samallout Station will partially subjected to the Uu-eat of the sand dunes encroaclunents. Sand fixation and stabilization process should be taken on the consideration. The l::l'atlsmission line on the snip east of U1e River Nile from Sanunalout to El- Minya will pass close to many Archaeological ru1d Histotic Sites , sucl1 as: Tilma El-Jabal ru1d Tell El-Amruna. ProtecHon Against Flnsl1 Flood, Eartltquake nud Snud Duues The analysis of flash flood ru1d earthquake 1isks has resulted in U1e deternlination of type of hazard associated wiU1 ti1e transnlission line route. The geographic co- ordinates and ti1e type of hazards for each point along the proposed route are given in Figme 6-2 and Tnbles 6-4 & 6-5 for ti1e first sector and in Figure 6-3 nnd Tables 6-6 & 6-7 for ti1e second sector. Tllis should be taken cal'efully into consideration by ti1e Desinger Consulting Firm (EPS) when implementing the final routing of ti1e l::l'at1Snlission line. Minimum requirements to witi1stru1d flash flood, earU1quake and sand dm1es will be included in the design ru1d consl::luction of ti1e h·ansnlission lines. ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Ptoject CH 6-Page 16 of 39 May 2013 - Ptoject No. 1750 · HP ECG &-J.;Vil ~ e-sr\r. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 6-1 Location Mnp of tile Transmission Lines (Sectors A & B) Legend ~ Electricity_towers ~ A South Helwan - Maad• • B South Helwan - Samaloul Elec:t:ric:_Powtt lmg Source Land Sat ET!A at 2002 Projection: UTM Datum v.GS 84 ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 6-Page 17 of 39 May 2013 -Project No. 1750- HP ECG &-~~ c,srv. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GR OUP S.A. Figure 6-2 Soutl1 H ehimn - Znllrnn Al-Mnndi Trnnsmission Line Route Segmeut (A-Sector) Ulnd SatETM Staelllte Images at 2002 Legend Electrici ty _towers to. South Helwan - Maadi Electne_Powe' lmg So.. ce · Land Sat ETM at 2002 Projeclton: UTM Datum VI.GS 84 OU3 ESIA for Helwan South Power Plaut Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 6-Page 18 of39 May 2013 -Proj ect No. 1750 - HP ECG~Ai.lil~ vs-\t. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP S.A. Table 6-4 Sector A - Co-ordinates of Soutlt Helwan I Zaltraa Al-Maadi Transmission Line Route Segment Coordinates of the 500 kV Transmission Line Helwan South Power Project I Zahraa AI-Maadi N E Pt. No Deg. Min Sec De g. Min Sec 1 29 13 5.4 31 13 15.94 2 29 13 30.53 31 15 36.39 3 29 14 45.61 31 15 42.02 4 29 16 34.17 31 16 1.06 5 29 17 47.34 31 16 44.91 6 29 18 24.34 31 17 1 7 29 20 2.92 31 17 26.91 8 29 22 26.% 31 18 48.9 9 29 23 5.39 31 19 2.28 10 29 24 9.69 31 20 13.78 11 29 24 29.71 31 20 29.45 12 29 25 53.49 31 21 17.72 13 29 27 8.59 31 21 52.41 14 29 29 8.33 31 22 41.85 15 29 31 9.38 31 22 57.82 16 29 31 31.33 31 23 13.76 17 29 32 12.29 31 23 20.52 18 29 34 52.09 31 24 41.16 19 29 38 10.43 31 24 39.87 20 29 39 19.93 31 24 6.43 21 29 40 39.25 31 23 40.55 22 29 42 38.37 31 24 20.68 23 29 43 25.04 31 24 21.75 24 29 44 35.83 31 24 46 25 29 45 35.43 31 24 28.54 26 29 51 46.6 31 24 2.14 27 29 55 25.04 31 22 46.62 A 29 13 18.78 31 13 2.85 B 29 13 11.83 31 13 19.68 c 29 12 53.95 31 13 10.02 D 29 12 . 59.9 31 12 51.12 Zaluaa S.S 29 58 1.43 31 21 31 .19 ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 6-Page 19 of 39 May 201 3 · Project No. 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Table 6-5 Type of Hnznrds nnd tile Number of Towers' Locations nlong tl1e Transmission Line Route Segment (A) [South Helwan- Zahraa Al-Maadi Transmission Line Route] Co-ordiunte of tl1e Trnusmissiou Line Tower Soutl1Helwn11 - Znl1rnn El Mnndi Type of Hn znrds N E P t. No Deg Min Sec Deg Min Sec 10 29 24 9.69 31 20 13.78 Flash flood 13 29 27 8.59 31 21 52.41 Flash flood 14 29 29 8.33 31 22 41 .85 Flash flood 16 29 31 31.33 31 23 13.76 Flash flood 17 29 32 12.29 31 23 20.52 Flash flood 20 29 39 19.93 31 24 6.43 Flash flood 22 29 42 38.37 31 24 20.68 Flash flood 24 29 44 35.83 31 24 46 Flash flood 25 29 45 35.43 31 24 28.54 Flash flood 26 29 51 46.6 31 24 2.14 Earthquake 27 29 55 25.04 31 22 46.62 Earthquake ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 6-Page 20 of 39 May 20 13 ·Project No. 1750 · HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure 6-3 Soutl1 Helwnu- Snmnllout Transmission Line Route Segment (B-Sector) LandSat ElM Staellite Images at 2002 Legend Electricity_towers • B South Helwan - Samaklut ElecUic_POWef lmg Sou-ce . land Sal ETM at 2002 Projection: UTM Datum: \o\GS 8-4 0 : A. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Ptoject CH 6-Page 2 1 of 39 May 2013 - Ptoject No. 1750 - HP ECG &-~~~\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S.A. Table 6-6 Sector B- Co-ordinntes of Soutll Helwnn I Snmnllout Transmission Line Route Segment Coordinates of the 500 kV Transmission Line Helwan South Power Project I Samallout I Assiut 500 N E Pt. No. DEG MIN SEC DEG MIN SEC 1 28 18 29.1 30 35 42.2 2 28 18 23.3 30 35 38.3 3 28 18 16.6 30 35 39.2 4 28 18 12.7 30 35 46.6 5 28 18 14.5 30 35 58.1 6 28 18 26.4 30 36 4.1 7 28 18 31.6 30 36 12.4 8 28 18 43.5 30 36 17.4 9 28 18 53.9 30 36 16.1 10 28 19 19.5 30 36 17.3 11 28 19 26.2 30 36 21.8 12 28 19 31.7 30 36 32.8 13 28 19 35 30 36 45.7 14 28 19 32.7 30 36 58.8 15 28 19 34.5 30 37 13.4 16 28 19 39.8 30 38 43.1 17 28 19 35.8 30 39 50.6 18 28 19 48 30 41 9.7 19 28 20 21.5 30 41 30.2 20 28 20 50.6 30 42 59.7 21 28 21 20 30 43 39.3 22 28 21 51.4 30 44 40.5 23 28 24 7.3 30 46 7.7 24 28 24 16.1 30 47 34.1 25 28 24 25.1 30 48 1 26 28 23 10.6 30 50 18.8 27 28 23 58.26 31 1 28.58 28 28 29 28.35 31 0 56.95 29 28 33 58.7 31 0 52.7 30 28 36 6.41 31 0 21.48 31 28 42 37.89 31 2 14.26 32 28 44 56.26 31 5 27.48 33 28 49 6.24 31 7 28.55 34 28 50 35.5 31 7 47.35 35 28 55 51.09 31 8 24.61 36 28 59 11.26 31 9 26.09 37 29 2 15.58 31 11 19.46 38 29 5 36.62 31 12 48.47 39 29 7 49.83 31 31 29.61 40 29 9 12.15 31 14 4.82 41 29 11 4.12 31 14 53.26 42 29 12 26.01 31 15 18.64 ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 6-Page 22 of 39 May 20 13 · Project No. 1750 · HP ECG &-~~~\.r. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP ~A Table 6-7 Type ofHn znrds nnd tlte Number of To wers' Locations nlong tlte Transmission Line Route Segment (B) [South Helwan - Samallou t Transmission Line Rou te] Pt. No. N E Type of Hazards DEG MIN SEC DEG MIN SEC 1 28 18 29.1 30 35 42.2 Sand dune 2 28 18 23.3 30 35 38.3 Sand dune 3 28 18 16.6 30 35 39.2 Sand dune 4 28 18 12.7 30 35 46.6 Sand dune 27 28 23 58.26 31 1 28.58 Flash flood 28 28 29 28.35 31 0 56.95 Flash flood- Earthquake 29 28 33 58.7 31 0 52.7 Flash flood- Earthquake 30 28 36 6.41 31 0 21.48 . Flash Flood - Earthquake 33 28 49 6.24 31 7 28.55 Flash flood 34 28 50 35.5 31 7 47.35 Flash flood 35 28 55 51.09 31 8 24.61 Flash flood 36 28 59 11.26 31 9 26.09 Flash flood 40 29 9 12.15 31 14 4.82 Flash flood 41 29 11 4.12 31 14 53.26 Flash flood ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transrillssion Line Interconnection Project CH 6-Page 23 of 39 May 20 13 · Project No. I 750 - HP ECG C:t).;V}V~ '$tr. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA 6.5 SUMMARY OF MAIN POTENTIAL IMPACTS ASSO CIATED WITH THE PROPOSED PROJECT The major environmental impacts associated with proposed project as identified through the ESIA include: A) Overall benefits associated with the establishment of the Helwan South / Zalu·aa Al-Maadi - Helwan SouU1 / Samallout 500 kV transmission lines and Substations, in terms of assisting in meeting U1e increasing electricity demand in Egypt and evacuate new installed power infrashucture at Helwan SouU1 to Ute national power gtid. B) Potential impacts on vegetation and ecology associated with Ute establishment of the Helwan South / Zaluaa Al-Maadi - Helwan SouU1 I Samallout 500 kV transmission line and Substations. C) Potential impacts on avifauna associated wiU1 U1e establishment of the Helwan South / Zaluaa Al-Maadi - Helwan SouUt / Samallout 500 kV transmission line and Substations. D) Potential impacts on visual/ aesUtetic aspects associated with U1e establishment of Ute Helwan SouU1 I Zaluaa Al-Maadi - Helwan SouU1 I Samallout 500 kV tt·ansnlission line and Substations. E) Potential impacts on U1e social environment associated with U1e establishment of the Helwan SouU1 / ZalU'aa Al-Maadi - Helwan South / Samallout 500 kV h·ansmission line and Substations. An assessment of the social and envirorunental impacts associated with U1e Project based on field inspections and literattu·e sow·ces indicates that most impacts associated with the Project are of a temporary natme resulting dwing conshuction and can be minimized by good engineeling practice and implementation of appropliate safeguards as ouilined in U1e ESMP. The biophysical impacts of Ute Project utilizing the prefeJ.Ted route from Samallout substation to Helwan SouUt and from Helwan South to Zalu·aa Al-Maadi substation are expected to be minimal and short tenn. The prefened route does not pass Uuough any conservation reserves or protected areas, where U1e lines cross an area of lesser importance. All of U1e vegetation along Ute route at Samallout area will be avoided except for very litUe pieces of land for U1e towers' footings, so U1at UteJ.'e is unlikely to be a loss in biodiversity of plants or vegetation commwlities. Because of Ute linear nattu·e of a transmission line development, it is concluded that Ute Helwan SouUt j Zaluaa Al-Maadi - Helwan SouU1 / Samallout transmission lines and substations Project will have nlinimal impact on cormnwlities or persons, and on plivate or common property assets. However, compensation will be due where towers or Project tight-of-way (ROW) affects residential dwellings or social services (which may pose health and safety impacts). Most of likely disttu·bing or problematic impacts (fragment cultivated fields and compromise productivity and income; removal of fruit-bearing trees and oU1er econonlically valuable natural resomces, disturb cttltmal properties ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Linr Interconnection Project CH 6-Pagr 24 of 39 May 2013 · Project No. 1750 - HP ECGC:t~~~\.r. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP S A such as mosques, churches, or archaeological sites) are to be .avoided with a precautions and conservative ROW. Although the Project will have minimal impact upon PAPs, site-specific relocation may have to occur where access routes, line con.idors or transmission towers are to be located. Project impact is anticipated to occur predominantly dming tl1e construction phase witl1 the importation of skilled workers into the area, and the construction of work camps and temporary access roads and establishment of tl1e transmission line ROW. While major attention will be focused on loss of income due to temporary distm·bance to a·ops or grazing areas, and on healili conditions related to tl1e influx of workers from outside tl1e region, positive opportunities to PAPs may be presented in the form of temponuy employment, as well as tlu·ough income generated by tl1e sale of food to immigrant workers. For tl1e most part, however, compensation is expected to be characterized by a number of payments for tl1e tempora.ty loss of assets. 6.5.1 Overall Benefits associated with the Establishment of the Helwan South I Zahraa Al-Maadi - Helwan South I Samallout 500 kV Transmission Line and Substations Witl1 tl1e implementation of tl1ejproposed project, tl1e additional power outpu t will assist in meeting tl1e increasing elecnicity demand in Egypt. Indirect benefits could accrue due to increased capacity by new Helwa.tl Soutl1 power plant to provide reliable electricity supply to existing facilities, as well as elecnicity for new developments (including residential, commercial atld industrial developments). This impact will be positive and is anticipated to be of high significa.t1ce at tl1e national level. 6.5.2 Potential impacts on vegetation and general ecology associated with the establishment of the Helwan South I Zahraa Al-Maadi - Helwan South I Samallout 500 kV Transmission Line and Substations Concerns rega.t·ding the potential long-term impact on vegetation as a result of tl1e proposed project (pa.t·ticula.t·ly along tl1e Tra.tlSmission line route at its Samallout segment) have been expressed by some of the landowners, la.t·gely as a result of histo1ical experiences associated witl1 la.t1d atld/ or crop compensations along tl1e existing power lines in tl1e a.t·ea. However, from tl1e specialised studies m1dertaken it has been determined tl1at, with tl1e implementation of appropriate mitigation measm·es, and ilie use of existing access se1vice roads witllin tl1e a.t·ea, the proposed Tra.tlSmission line is not atlticipated to impact on any serlSitive a.t·ea in te1ms of natm·al vegetation. Potential impacts which a.t·e atlticipated include: • tl1e deshuction of tl1e vegetation at tl1e tower footp1int, • . distm·bance of natural vegetation along accessjsetvice routes tlu-ough trampling, compaction by motor vehlcles etc., Altl1ough tl1t~ majority of tl1ese impacts at'e not likely to occur, tl1ey will be localized atld of low sigrlificance due to tl1e low sensitivity of tl1e vegetation in tl1e ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 6-Pag~ 25 of 39 May 2013 - Project No. 1750- HP ECG C:,trliAIJ~ eav. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA area of the proposed site. Through the implementation of appropriate mitigation measures, these impacts can be effectively minimized. Strict adherence to specific mitigation measures and general practice dming construction and maintenance is, therefore, in order to demonstrate commitment to the environmental management p1inciples laid down within the Environmental and Social Management Plan. 6.5.3 Potential impacts on avifauna associated with the establishment of the Helwan South I Zahraa Al-Maadi - Helwan South I Samallout 500 kVItransmission line and Substations Potential impacts on bird species associated w ith the constluction and maintenance of the Helwan South / Zahraa Al-Maadi - Helwan Soutl1 I Samallout 500 kV n·ansmission line and Substations are anticipated to be related to crossing U1e bird migration route, if any, in the area. Such impacts were shown to be of low significance as U1e specific area crossed is not considered critical for bird migration, even for wind fam1 development. In order to further minimize U1e impacts, construction, operation and maintenance activities will be carried out in accordance with best environmental practice principles. 6.5.4 Potential impacts on visuaVaesthetic aspects associated with establishment of the Helwan South I Zahraa Al-Maadi - Helwan South I Samallout 500 kV transmission line and Substations The study area can be regarded as having a low level of aesthetic value, as it consists predominantly of desert lands. In addition U1e study area at Samallout is impacted by existing Transmission line infrastructure (i.e. High Dam/ Cairo 500 kV arte1ial n·ansmission lines) and U1e Samallout substation. Therefore, U1e visual quality of U1e Samallout area/is already impacted by developments of a similar nature. For El-Minya in U1e Soutl1 up to Zalu·aa Al-Maadi in the Nortl1, the impact is minimal as U1e land is mainly mlinhabited, desert land. The proposed substations at U1e Helwan South and Zalu-aa Al-Maadi are considered to impose a considerable visual impact as a result of its larger size and low aesthetic appeal. In addition, U1e visibility of U1ese snuctures is significantly hlgher if viewed against the skyline. Therefore, tl1ej constluction of new substations is anticipated to add significantly to tllis visual impact, as tllis infrasnuctme is steel-intensive and considered to be visually intlusive. However, tllis impact will be minimised to a great extent as a result of the area is uninhabited desert land. The visual intlusiveness of the proposed Transmission line is anticipated to be significantly nlitigated as a result of the existing powerlines in the area of Samallout as tllis new powerline is not anticipated to add significantly to t11e existing impact. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 6-Page 26 of 39 May 2013- Project No. 1750 - HP ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA 6.5.5 Potential impacts on the social environment associated with the establishment of the Helwan South I Zahraa Al-Maadi - Helwan South I Samallout 500 kV transmission line and Substations. ht temts of Ute identified and evaluated social impacts, Ute following conclusions can be drawn: • There are not expected to be any significant adverse social effects arising from Ute project Utat can not be mitigated. • The main impacts associated with Ute Substations relate to the constmction of Ulis facility (intmsions, noise and dust pollution, conduct of constmction workforce) . • The main intpacts relating to Ute Transmission line conshuction activities refer to Ute influx of workers and job seekers to the area. The intensity of Ute impact mainly depends on the conduct of Ute constmction workforce and whether the guidelines in Ute Environmental Management Plan are adhered to. • The influx of workers to the area could have a positive short-te1nt economic impact, and will not place additional demands on Ute existing infrashucture and provision of services, considering the availability of services at place for workers. • Direct positive impacts include local Job creation (alUtough limited), Ute improvement of Ute counhy's power supply and Ute indn·ect conhibution to Ute counhy's development ht addition, the need to supply goods and services to the workforce will provide a temporruy stimulus for local development and would thus generate indil·ect employment opportunities. • The conshuction of the Trrutsmission line is Ums only expected to result in positive economic effects (e.g. linlited, short-temt contracts for local labour rutd services). • Tite impacts on infrastmcture rutd services are expected to be of low significance (long term) rutd could be properly mitigated. • Titere is no formal rutd focused attitude foiJnation (action groups) for or against Ute proposed project, alUtough Ute individual attitudes regarding Ute conshuction of Ute proposed Transmission line are based on the individual's perception of the perceived impacts on his/her property. Should EETC take Utese into account it could lead to eliminating any fmmal opposition to Ute proposed project. 6.5.6 Local Livelihoods Some iltdividual Fellalts (Frunters) own Ute cultivated lands, where Ute h'attsmission lilte will go Uuough along its paUtway routing in Ute Sainallout ru·ea . Based upon expe1ience from many sintilru· transmission lines, pruticulru·ly Ute main 500 kV rutelial h·ansmission llite: Aswrut DaiU S/ST-Cairo 500 SfST, which passes Ute Sainallout 500 kV SfST and crosses Ute srune cultivated lands, Fellalts at Ute Samallout ru·ea ru·e quite familiar wiUt such h'attsmission line projects. ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 6-Page 27 of 39 May 2013 ·Project No . 1750 · HP ECG~1.:.Vil~ c$\f. ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP s.A. They are fully aware of the type of land acquisition as well as land and crop compensations associated with the construction of transmission line towers, with footings occupying around lOxlO m 2 to 14x14 m 2 pieces of cultivable land. Dialogues with many of the Fellahs in the Samallout area pointed out U1ey fully recognize that U1e transmission line projects are "national projects", and they should support U1em for U1e welfare of the country, Ums U1ey accept U1at the lines may cross U1eit· lands. Speakit1g to U1em about compensation rates and fees, U1ey assured U1ey are convit1ced that as long as there will be a fair application to U1e set rules, their rights for fair compensation are guaranteed. Many of them expressed U1ei.r hopes U1at compensation should take into consideration U1e loss of land and the loss of crops for U1e many years to come. Most importanUy, it was stated that no civil work w ill start unless land expropliation is completed and compensation is paid (land expropriation is a per- construction phase activity). According to U1e World Bank OP 4.12, a ResetUement Policy Framework is prepared to cover all cases when homesteads are to resetUed or land and/ or crop loss is to be compensated. A detailed RAP will be conducted when exact route of the TL is identified. 6.5.7 Impact Assessment Matrix Table 6-8 below presents a summcuy of the environmental atld social impact assessment for the route considered for the project based on infotmation gaU1ered during the ESIA process atld baseline studies. For the most part, the impact is expected to be temporcuy and acceptable Uu-ough implementation of approptiate mitigation measures. Sit1ce EETC is conshucting its double cit·cuit lit1e along identified route, then it is expected that the Helwan SouU1 / Zalu·aa Al-Maadi - Helwatl South / Samallout 500 kV Interconnection Project will exact minimal additional impact on affected communities and the envit·onment be ond the consh·uction phase. ESIA for Hdwan South Pow~ Plant Transmission Line lnterconnection Project CH 6-Page 28 of 39 May 2013 · Project No. 1750 · HP I ECG bYb.AV~ V-9r \!. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Table 6-8 Summary Impact Assessment Matrix lmJZacts and Mitigation Measures during Construction Phase Impact Likelihood and severity Significance Mitigation Measures Effects Handling of Uncertain likelihood for Medium Reduce impact construction waste medium impact significance to minor Limitations on land Generally low likelihood Medium Reduce impact use and risks of for resettlement for significance to minor invohmtary substation and higher following resettlement likelihood for power lines recommendations of RPF Losing environmental Low likelihood of major or Minor Minimizing impact benefits of trees along medium impacts significance power lines Construction air Low likelihood of major or Minor Minimizing impact emissions medium impacts -high significance - only likelihood of minor impact needed in loose sand soil Construction noise Low likelihood of major or Minor Minimizing impact medium impacts - high significance likeW10od of minor impact Impacts on traffic Low likelihood of major or Minor Reduce impact medium impacts significance to minor following recommendations of RPF Impacts on Fatma and Low likelihood of major or Minor Minimizing impact Flora medium impacts - high significance likelihood of minor impact Impacts of excavation Low likelihood of major or Minor Minimizing impact and b·enching medium impacts significance Safety of mechanical Low likelihood of major or Minor Minimizing impact equipment medium impacts significance Affecting tl1e culture Low likelihood of major or Minor Minimizing impact and privacy of local medium impacts significance communities lmJZacts and Mitisation Measures durin& OJZeration Phase Impact Likelihood and Significance Mitigation Measures severity Effects Risks of scrap and Low likelihood of Medium Reduces impact hazardous waste major impacts significance to minor Safety Along tl1e Low likelihood of Medium Reduces impact Power Lines, risks of major impacts significance to Elecb·olux and fire minor accident ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 6-Page 29 of 39 May 2013 . Project No. 1750 - HP ECG~1i.h.l~ v.srv ENGINEER ING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Im~acts and Mitigation Measures during O~eration Phase Impact Likelihood and Significance Mitigation Measures severity Effects Exposure to EMFs Low likelihood of Minor Minimizing impact major or medium significance impacts Risk of soil Low likeli11ood of Minor Minimizing impact Contamination major or medium significance impacts Impacts on land use, Low likelil1ood of Minor Minimizing impact landscape and visual major or medium significance amenities impacts Impact on Bird Low likeliliood of Extremely Minor No mitigation Migration<·> exb·emely minor Eneasuresrequired impacts Noh!s : (*) First outcomes of the Draft Report of a JICA funded study for 'REA Authority done by a German Consultant (DECO ) on Bird Migration West of El-Minya Governorate have proved that almost no migrating birds w ould be found in the area. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 6-Page 30 of 39 May 2013 · Project No. 1750 · HP ECG C:tr~b06:P\J. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Annex 6-1 Impact Register and Mitigation Measures(•) No. Activity Aspect Impact Context Risk M itigation Measures Res idual Risk 1. All construction Constructio n traffic Reduction of pro perty Pote ntia l da ma ge to property L Traffic management. Use a ppropria te Y.L activiti es va lue veh icles. Cons ulta tio n 2. All construction Constructio n traffic Safe ty I hea lth impact fo r Risk of accidents fro m increased traffic H Traffic management schemes in place. L ac tiviti es the neigh bouring popula tio n 3. All constructi on Fuel o r o il lea ks Co nta minatio n of soil I Especia lly with the Maximi zed M Tem pora ry fuel sto res shouh.l be lined L ac ti vi ti es groundwa ter constru ct io n machinery, genera tors etc and bunded . Use drip trays when Ma xim ized 4. All co nstructi on Air emissions Climate change, Air emissions fr om constructio n traffic, L Require contractor to use only Y.L activiti es aci dificati on gene ra tors e tc- may be li ttle above equipment with comp lia nt for air baseli ne e mi ss io ns 5. All co nstructi on Solid was te genera tion Co ntaminatio n of soil I Conta mina tion from ina ppropria te waste M Require contractor to use di spose o f L ac ti vi ti es and di sposa l g roundwa ter d isposa l. waste in designa ted facilities 6. All constructi on Solid was te genera tion Conta minatio n of surface Contamina ti on from ina ppropri a te waste M Req uire contractor to use dispose o f L activiti es and di sposa l wa ters disposa l waste in d esigna ted fac ilities 7. All constructi on Influ x of labour Increased income Opportunity for increased goods and M Require contractor to aximi ze loca l L ac tiviti es services. Po tential resentment of lost labo ur wherever poss ible opportuni ty 8. All constructi on Aa:ide nts a nd injuries Sa fety I hea lth impact fo r Accide nts a ris ing from alco hol abuse, M Req uire contrac tor to follow Ru les of L ac ti vi ti es wo rke rs da nge rous d ri vi ng. firea rms etc Conduct 9. All constructi on Theft Loss o f income l11eft of mate rials during constructio n M Provid e security in v ulnera ble a reas L ac tiviti es 10. All co nstruction Accide ntal da mage to Loss o f income Some da mage may be unavoidable M Prov id e com pensa tio n L ac tiviti es cro ps I la nd I prope rty (*) L= Low, VL =Very Low, M= Medium and H= High . ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmi ssion Line Interconnection Project CH 6-Page 31 of 39 May 201 3 - Project No. 175 0 - HP ECG ~ti/lll~~ V9'\r. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S A No. Activity Aspect Impact Context Risk Mitigation Measures Resi dua I Risk 11 . AUconstruction Accidents and injuries Safety/ hea lth impact fo r Danger from children play ing on M Haza rd ous areas should be protec ted/ L ac tivities the neighbouring constructi on s ites secuted popu lati on 12. AU constructio n Physica l disturbance Nu isance to neighbouring Genera l activi ty associated with M Good communicati on with locals, L activities (noise, move ment, population, visitors construction implement Rules of Conduct dust) ' 13. AU construction Noise Nuis ance to nei ghbouring Genera l cons truction activities, piling. L Avoid unsociable hours Y.L activities popu lati on, visitors generators, welding. traffic, earthworks 14. Crea te access Cutting down Destructi on / Unlikely to be req uired. No hi gh va lue M Use ex isting clea red a reas. Hand over to L roa ds vege tati on, land degradation of habitats cu lti vated lands o n the route. local autho rity or re-instate on clea rance completi on 15. Crea te access Cutting down Loss o f in co me Unlikely to be required. No hi gh va lue M Use ex isting cl ea red areas/ road s. L road s vegetati on, land croplands on the route. Handover to loca l authority or re-ins tate clea rance on co mpleti on '16. Crea te access Change of land use Increased access & Unlikely to be required. Increased access M Handover to loca l autho rity or re-ins tate L roa ds secondary imp acts routes may lead to new settlements, on co mpleti on illegal logging. though cuJtivable areas is we Ucontro lled 17. Create access Wo rking in culti vation Changes in fl ora species Unlikely to be required. Churning up M Use tempora ry plarlk-roa d Oogs, L roa ds areas. so il eli stu rbance to psoil, creati on of ruts, changes in branches etc. ) to pography 18. Crea te access Solid was te generati on Climate change, Unlikely to be required. Disposa l of M Leave some s mall vegetation to rot L roa d s and disposa l acidification vegetation- burn or mulch? 19. Create access Above ground cul tural Loss o r damage to Unlikely to be required. Vibration M Avoid us ing vehicles that wiUcrea te L road s heri tage sites cu ltura l heri tage damage to cuJtural herita ge sites or more vibration than base line conditions. d wei lings from oversized vehicles lf unavoidable, carry out baseline surveys on potential sites an,{ risk assess men t on all potenti al routes 20. C rea te access Physical clisturbance Disturbance of mammals Unlikely to be required. Tempo rary M Avoid clisturbing nesting areas during L road s (noise, movement, / nesting birds disturbance - coul d adversely affect the season in highl y sensiti ve si tes. dus t) nesting birds. Environmenta l awa reness training - - ESJA for J-Jeh, an South Po" er J ' lrull Transmi ssion Line Intercon nection Proj ect -J 6-Page 32 of 39 J May 20 13- J> roje~1 No. 1750 - HP ECG &-~~c,srv. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA. No . Activity Aspect Impact Context Risk Mitigation M easures Resi dua I Risk 21. Create access Cutting down Changes in bi odive rsity Unlikely to be required . No high value M Handove r to loca l autho rity or re-instate L road s vegetation, land c roplands on the route. Risk of habitat on co mpletio n clearance islandisation. 22. Prepare line Solid waste genera tion Climate c hange, Disposa l of vegetation- burn or mulch ? L Use as a mulc h. Leave so m e sma U Y.L corridor and disposal acidification vegetation to rot 23. Prepare line Working in c u ltivation Changes in flora species Churning up topsoil, creation of ruts, H Use temporary plank- road (logs, L corridor are as, soil di sturbance changes in topography branches etc.) 24. Pre pare li ne Cutting down Changes in biodive rsity No high va lue vegetation on the route, M Use cleare d spaces for nursery areas, L corridor vegetation, land but areas affected are d eser t in majority may improve conditions fo r certain clea rance and conside rable - long te rm change in species (reptiles, rap tors) land use 25. Prepare line Cutting d own Destruction I No high va lue c ro plands on the route, H Use cleared s p aces, fo r nursery areas L corridor vege tatio n, land d egradation of habitats but areas affected are d ese rt in majority - clea rance long term change in land use 26. Pre pare line Cutting d own Loss o f income No high value vegetation on the route. H Compensation. Encourage use of L corrido r vegetati o n, land cleared s paces, for nurse ry areas clea rance 27. Pre pare line Compaction of soi l Reductio n of soi I Impac t o f hea vy machinery leading to M Sens itive mana gement by contractors, L corrido r produc tivity long term damage use of appropriate vehicles with low axle loads 28. Pre pare line Co mpac tion of soil Impact o n hydro logica l Impact o f heavy machinery leading to M Sensitive mana gem ent by contracto rs, L corrido r patterns long te rm damage, especiaUy ~ use of appropriate vehicles with low axle lands loads 29. Pre pare line Cutting down Reduc tion of amenity Loss of cro plands, access to public o ften M Re duce visua l impact, use cl ea red s paces L corrido r vegetation, land va lue restricted , for nurse ry areas clea rance 30. Pre pare line Land acquisition I use Resettl ement of No one house ho ld affecte d , but M Provi de compensation, if required. L corridor p opulati on negligibl e impac t ESJA for Helwan Soulh Power Planl Transmi ssion Line lnlerconneclion Projecl CH 6-Pagc 33 of 39 May 2013 - Project No. 1750- HI' ECG ~\.:VilVY6 ~\!. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUPs A. No. Activity Aspect Impac t Context Risk Mitigation Measures Resi dua I Risk 31. Prepare line Phys ica l disturbance Disturbance of mamma ls· Temporary disturbance- could M Avoid disturbing llL>Sting areas during the L corrido r (noise, movement, I nesting birds adversely affect nesting birds. season in highly scnsitivesit<--s. dust) Environmmta.l awarmess training in hi ghly sensitive sites. Environmental awareness training 32. Prepare and Discharge of effluent I Imp act on hydrologica l Pumping operati ons in sensitive lands L Use bes t practice to avoid impact .Y,L construct towe r sewage patterns foundations 33. Prepare and Compaction of soil Red uction of soil Impact of heavy machinery lea ding to M Sensiti ve mana gement by contractors, L cons truct tower productivity long term damage use of a ppro priate vehicles w ith low axle foundations loads 34. Prepare and Compaction of soil Impact on hydro logica l Impact of heavy machinery lea ding to M Sens itive mana gement by contractors, L cons truct towe r pattems long term damage, espec iall y ~ use of appropriate veh icles with low axle foundatio ns lands loads 35. Prepare and Physical clisturbance Changes in biodiversity No high va lue croplands on the ro ute, M Keep footprint to a minimum L cons truct towe r (noise, move ment, s ma ll footprint compared with RoW foundations dust) long term change in land use 36. Prepare and Change of land use Destructi on I Permanent loss of approx·2 feddans of M Keep footprint to rr mini mum L cons truct tower degradation of habitats land of cu ltivated ty pe foundations 37. Prepare and Solid waste genera ti on Imp act to geomorphology Ca reless disposa l of soil from excavati on M Ensure that there is an appropriate plan L cons truct tower and disposa l (from soil and deb ris) of towe r foundati ons for disposa l of so il foundations 38. Prepare and Noise Nu isance to neighbouring Piling ope rations for preparing M Avoid unsociable hours L cons truct towe r po pu lation, visitors foundations foundations 39. Prepare and Physica l disturbance Disturbance of mamma ls Temporary disturbance- could M AvoiLI disturbing nesti ng areas during L construct towe r (noise, movement, I nes ting birds adversely affect nesti ng birds. the Sl!ason in highly sensiti ve si tes. fou nda tio ns dust) Environmenta l awrrrcness training in highly sensitive sites. Envi ronmenta l awareness training ESIA for Helwan South Po\\er PIMt Tmnsmission Line Intercon nect ion Proj ect -16-l)age 34 of 39 1 May 2013- Project No. 1750- HP ECG ~1.ihJV.J0 \!Jr\J. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S.A. No. Activity Aspect lmpact Co ntext Risk Mitigation Measures Resi dua I Risk 40. Prepare and Subterranean ru ltural Loss o r damage to Route avoids known sites, but M Archaeologica l find s procedure L construct towe r heritage finds cu ltura I heritage excavations may reveal new finds foundations 41. Mobi lization I Influx of labour Safety I hea lth impact for Potentia l increase in co nununicable o r M Require contractors to follow Ru les of L Demobilizati on of the neighbouring sexua lly transmitted diseases from Conduct. Education programs. temporary popu lation migrant workers constructio n sites 42. Mobi lization I Influx of labour Nuisance to neighbouring Short term socia l disruption fro m L Require contractors to foll ow Ru les of Y.L Demobilization of p opulation, visitors workers ca mps. See also constructio n Conduct temporary activities construction sites 43. Mobilizatio n/ Discha rge of efnuent I Contamination surface From mobile construction camps, if used M Make provisio n for appropriate disposal L Demobilization of sewage waters tempora ry construcHo n sites 44. Mobi lization I Change of land use Loss of income Tempora ry loss of land use M Make appro pria te co mpensation L Demobilization of temporary constructio n sites 45. Ins tall towers and Accidents from Safety I hea lth impact for High potential for seri o us/ fatal M Training progra m~. supervision L conductors working a t height workers accidents, relatively short exposu re time 46. Instal l towers and Compac.tion of soil Reduction of soil Impact of heavy machinery leading to M Sensitive managem ent by contractors, L conductors productivity long term damage use of appropriate vel1icles with low axle loads 47. Instal l towers and Compaction of soi l Imp act on hydro logica l Impact of heavy machinery leading to M Sens itive management by contractors, L conductors pattems long term damage, espec ia ll y ~ use of appropriate vehicles with low ax le lands loads 48. Ins tal l towers and Change of land use Loss of income Temporary loss of land use M Make appropriate co mpensation L conductors ESIA for He lwan South Power Plant Transmi ssion Line Interconnection Project CH 6-Page 35 of 39 May 2013 - Project No. 1750- HP ECG ~t:viA.lV..f6(p'\J. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA N o. Activity Asp ect Impact Context Risk Mitigation Measures Resi dua I Risk 49. lnstal l towers and Wo rking in~ Changes in fl ora species Churning up topsoil, creatio n o f ruts, H Install whe n d ry, u se te mpora ry pla nk- L conductors lands, so il disturbance (esp. in se nsitive land changes in topography road (logs, b ranches e tc.) area& 50. Ins tal l tow ers and Phys ica l disturbaoce Disturbance of mammals Temporary disturbance- could M Avoid dis turbing nesting areas late L conductors (noise, movement, / nes ting birds ad ve rsely a ffect nesting birds. March to late June in h igh ly sensiti ve dus t) sites. Enviro nmental awa reness training 51. Operate the line Aa:idents fro m Safety I health impact fo r Peop le have been electrocuted tryi ng to M Use barbed wi re etc to make it difficult L electrocution the neighbouring s teal the transmission wires fo r scrap for p eop le to climb to we rs po pu lation va lu e 52. O pe rate the line Change o f land use Loss o f inco me Loss o f land use from res trictio ns from M Raise he ights o f towers in valuable L wo rking under the wires agricuJtura l a reas and whe n cross ing the N ile River to le ngthen wo rking times 53. Operate the line Creation of EMF Safety I hea lth imp act fo r Prevent potential damage to health fro m H Pro vide guida nce o n exposure times - L the nei ghbouring restricting time fro m working und er the 3-4 hrl day. Risk that adv ice may no t be po pulation wires taken. 54. Operate the Iine Imp roved trans missio n Cli ma te change, Improved trans missio n effi dency a nd M Positive imp ac t w rt Trans miss ion powe r L efficie ncy aci dificati on reducti on o f powe r losses Iine e missio ns 55. Operate the Iine PhysicaJ presence of Mortali ty of birds Co Uision risk & morta lities especially M Mo nitor bird morta lity a nd instaU visua l L towers and conductors with endangered species si gns if rcqu ired 56. O pe rate the line No ise Nuisance to nei ghbouring Co rona effect L Miti ga ted by the design YL popu lati on, visito rs 57. Ope rate the line Light poUution Nuisance to neighbouring Co rona effect producing fl ashes and M Miti gated by the design M po pu la tion , visito rs s parks in certain conditions 58. Operate the line Creation of ozone, Safe ty I hea lth impact fo r Co rona eff ect can lead to the production L Miti gated by the design YL NOx the nei ghbouring of small amounts o f ozone and NOx popu lation 59. Operate the line Fai lure of towe rs I loss Safety I hea lth impact fo r Toppling o f tra nsmi ssion towe rs fro m M Good design . We lding bo lts to prevent 1 of s tructura l integ rity the neighbouring s torms o r theft of bolts theft. population ~-- ESIA for He I" an South Pm, er Plant Transmi ssion Line Interconnection Project CH 6-l>age 36 of 39 May 20 13 - Proj ect No. 1750 - HP ECG C:zyt:ViJ~ :PV. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA No. Activity Aspect Impact Context Risk Mitigation Measures Residua I Risk 60. Operate the Iine Failure of wires Safety / heaJth impact for Risk from fa lli ng object, electrocution M Establish SPZ, educa tion L the neigh bowing popu lation 61 . Operate the line Fire Destruction I Fire arising from short circuits, bird M Effective emergency response L d eg radation of habitats nesting, wire failure e tc procedures 62. Operate the line Physical presence of Visua l impact -> In most cases, lands are not a subject fo r M Consultatio n and careful routing of line. L towers and conductors Reduction of property sa le at agricultura l areas in Upper Egypt. Reso lve co mpensation issu es va lue 63. Operate the line Above ground cultural Visua l impact-> No impact expected on nationa l M Consultatio n and carefu l ro uting of line L heritage sites Reduction of amenity monuments but possibl e concerns a bout va lue sites of local interest 64. Operate the line Physic a I presence of Visua l impact -> Visual impact is highly emotive and H Careful routing, consultation L towers and conductors Reduction of amenity subjective va lue 65. Operate the line Accidents from Mortality of birds Electrocution risk. nesting M Build nesting platforms as required L electrocution 66. Maintain the line Accidents fro m Safety I hea lth impact fo r High potential fo r serious/ fata l M Training programs, s upervision L working at height wo rke rs accidents 67. Maintain the line Solid waste generati on Contamination of soil I Paints, packaging etc fro m maintenance M Training programs, appropriate waste L and disposa l groundwater activities disposal 68. Maintain the line Accidents from Safety/ hea lth impact for Electrocution risk M Training prog rams L elec trocutio n workers 69. Maintain the line Compaction of soil Reduction of soil Impact of heavy machinery leading to M Sens itive mana gem ent by contractors, L productivity long term damage use of appro priate vel1ides with low ax le loads 70. Maintain the line Compaction of soil Impact on hydro logica l Impact of heavy machinery leading to M Sensitive mana gement by contractors, L patterns long term damage, especia U y sensitive use of appropriate vehicles with low axle lands loads 71. Maintain the line Creation of EMF Safety I hea lth impact for Prevent potential damage to hea lth from H Provide guidance o n exposure times. L workers restricting time from working under the Risk that advice may not be taken. wires 72. Maintain the line Accidenta l damage to Loss of income Some damage may be unavo idabl e in M Provi de compensation L crops I land I order to effect emerge ncy repairs orooe rtv ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Tmnsm ission Line Interconnection Project CH 6-Page 37 of 39 May 201 3- Project No. 1750 - HP ECG&-~V--0(;$\!. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA No. Activity Aspect Impact Context Risk Mitigation Measures Resi dua I I Risk 73. Maintain the lirVi! C utting do wn crops, Increased inco me Additiona l work maintaining the RoW M Posi tive impact M ! land clearance in vegetated areas - 74. Maintain the line Change of land use Loss of income Tem porary loss of land use M Make appropriate co mpensation L 75. Ma in tain the line Working in sensiti ve Changes in flora species (esp. Chu ming up topsoil, creation of ruts, H Instal l when dry, u se temporary plank- M ~ soil distu.rbance in sensitive land areas) changes in topogra phy road (logs, branches etc.) 76. Maintain the li ne Phys ica I disturbance Di sturbance of mammals Temporary disturbance- could M Avoid disturbing nesting areas during L (noise, m ovement, / nesting birds adversely affect nesting birds. the season in hi ghly sensitive sites. dus t) Environmenta l awareness training 77. Maintain the lirVi! Solid waste generation Climate change, Disposal of vegetation, branches- bum L Use as a mulch. Leave som e sma ll .Y.L and disposa l acidification o r mulch? vegeta lion to rot 78. De-co mmission Accidents from Safety I health impact for High potentia l for serious/fata l rvt Training programs, s upervis ion L a11d reinstatement workjng at he ig ht workers accidents, relatively short exposu re time 79. De-co mmission Compaction of soil Reduction of soil Impact of heavy machinery lead ing to M Sensitive managem ent by contractors, L and reinstatement productivity long term damage use of appropriate vel1icles with low axle loads 80. De-commission Compaction of soil Impact o n hydro logica l Impact of heavy machinery lead ing to M Sensitive managem ent by contractors, L and reinstatemen t patterns long term damage, especially sen sitive use of appropriate vehicles with low axle lands loads 81. De-co mmissi o n Change o f land use Loss of income Temporary loss of land use M Make appropriate co mpensation L and reinstate ment 82. De-co mmission Workjng in sensi tive Changes in flora species Chu ming up topsoil, creat ion of ruts, H Install whe n d ry, use te mporary plank- L and reinstate ment ~ soil disturbance (esp. in ~nsil:iv~: land changes in topography road (logs, branches e tc.) areas) 83. De-co mmiss ion Solid waste generation Visua l impact -> Disposal of towers, wire etc at end of life M Impl ement respons ible L and reinstatement and disposal Reduction of amenity decommissioning program. Re-use or va lue recycle materia l where possible 84. De-conunission Physica l disturbance Disturbance of mamma ls Temporary disturbance- could M Avoid disturbing nesting areas~ L and reinstatemen t " (noise, move ment, / nesting birds adversely affect nesting birds. the seasgn in highl y sensitive ~;tes. dust) ·onmental awareness training Envi 1 ESIA for He lwan South Po\\er Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 6-Pnge 38 of 39 May 201 3 - l>roject No. 1750- HP ECG ENGINEER I No. Activity Asp ect Impac t I Context 85. Mobilization / Demobilization of Li ght po ll ution Nu isance to neighbouring popu la tion, visitors ILight fr, constr'u temporary construction sites ESIA for Helwan South Power Phmt Transmi ss ion Line Intercon nection Project May 20 13- Project No. 1750 - HP I ECG@~~llx\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP s .t. 8. ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION AND MONITORING: ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (ESMP) 8.1 OBJECfiVES OF THE PLAN TI1e project company is committed to implementing an environmental and social management and monitoring plan which will ensme that the conshuction and the operation of the Helwan South I Zaluaa Al-Maadi - Helwan South I Samallout 500 kV Transmission Line and Substations Project involves full implementation of all proposed mitigation measmes and complies witi1 high environmental standards, the requirements of the environmental legislation and guidance notes as applicable in Egypt, and ti1e procedmes and guidelines of the World Bank. Previous sections of titis report have ouUined ti1e baseline environmental and socio-economic conditions in the area of tile proposed development, have identified the potential impacts on ti1ese baseline conditions wltich could result from conshuction and operational activities and have proposed measmes to minimize and mitigate against any negative impact identified witil necessary monitoring. To complete ti1e environmental evaluation, titis section presents necessary Institutional AITangements for ti1e Helwan Souti1 I Zaluaa Al-Maadi- Helwan South I Samallout 500 kV Transmission Line and Substations project (Tnble 8-2) as well as the Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) wltich summruizes the mitigation measmes suggested and discusses utitial and ongoing m01titoring and management of significant impacts of the proposed project. TI1e ESMP covering design, conshuction and operation of ti1e project is summalized i11 Tables 8-3 nwi 8-4, respectively. TI1e Egyptiru1 Electricity Holdi11g Company (EEHC) and its affiliated Egyptian Elechicity Transmission Company (EETC) have a ve1y good understanding of the contents of ti1e ESIA reports, including ti1ese management tables ru1d are conmtitted to implementing the Envu·onmental and Social Management Plane (ESMP) requirements included ti1erein. Tnble 8-5 gives a sunrmruy of implementation cost of the ESMP. For fw·ti1er detail on ti1e ntitigation measures to be undertaken, reference should be made to Section 7 of titis report. Details of consnuction and operations monitoling and mai1agement activities, sununruized i11 ti1e tables, ru·e discussed in more detail below. TI1e ESMP i11eludes ti1e defutition of ti1e following measmes to mi1tintize envu·onmental effects: • construction management, including conh·ol of conshuction traffic, site drai11age, construction waste ru1d spoil etc.; ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project Chapter 8- Pag~ I of30 May 20 13 -Project No. 1750- HP I ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP s A • engineering design measures directly incorporated into the project as good design practice, through the selection of appropriate equipment and choice of construction materials; • specific mitigation measures designed to prevent or minimize impacts; • operational control systems, such · as tl1e use of chemicals and transformer oils; and • operational management, which includes staffing levels and staff training. The effectiveness of these environmental management and mitigation measm·es will be monitored tlU'oughout the construction and operation of tl1e project. Monitoring will be carried out by the Project Implementation Unit (PIU), which includes the Environmental Management Staff (EMS) (2-3 staff members recruited by EEfC) using standard techniques and equipment agreed witl1 tl1e Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA), which will be calibrated, operated and maintained in accordance witl1 the manufacturers specifications. TI1e EMS will be directly supervised by an Environmental Specialist, within the PIU, at the same level as FM I Procurement. Monitoring data will be analyzed and reviewed at regular intervals by PIU/EMS and compared witl1 the relevant standards so that any necessary corrective actions can be taken in a timely manner. Records of monitoring results will be kept in an acceptable format and reported to the responsible government autl10rities and relevant parties (including the WB). (PIU I EMS roles during construction are shown in Figure 8-1 and specified in Table 8-1 as training requirements) 8.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 8.2.1 Environmental Management Organisation Duriug Desigu nud CoustrucHon Suitably qualified and experienced contractors will be responsible for tl1e detailed design and construction of the project. Construction workers will be required to demonstrate appropliate skills, qualifications and/ or experience prior to employment. During construction, PIU/EMS will ensme tl1at all contracts with Contractors and sub-<:onu·actors stipulate consb.uction management measm-es (as given in tltis ESMP), operational design aitetia and environment, healtl1 and safety standards which must be implemented at tl1e project site. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ lnterconntttion Proj~ct Chapter 8- Pag~ 2 of 30 May 2013 ·Project No. 1750 · HP I ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GRO U P s ~ Implementation of these measures will be enforced and supervised by ti1e Assistant Project Manager who will have direct responsibility for ti1e Environment, Safety and Quality Assurance program on site dming construction and operation. 1l1e Assistant Project Manager is responsible for ensming ti1at constmction works comply witi1 ti1e requirements of the ESMP and all environmental pemlits. His key roles will be to: • assume ti1e interface witi1 auth01ities for environmental auti1orizations and permits; • act as ti1e Assistant Project Manager for local autholities, industlial and commercial interests and any oti1er interested parties; • ensm·e that mitigation measures to reduce impacts dming ti1e construction phase are implemented; • ensure ti1at monitoring to be tmdertaken dming constluction is implemented; • ensure compliance witi1 the environmental and social management plan; and • ensure ti1at healti1 and safety requirements are respected. During Project Opernfiou Dming operation, direct responsibility for environmental compliance and the implementation of ti1e mitigation, management and mmlitoring measm·es desCiibed in tilis section and in Section 7 of tilis report, will continue to be witi1 the PIU/EMS m1der direct supervision of ti1e Assistant Project Manager. Tilis position, will report directly to the 01airmanjGeneral Manager of EETC. 1l1e Assistant Project Manager will be based at ti1e site and will be responsible for recmiting, n·aitling and managing llis staff. He will be responsible for in1plementing the nlitigation and management measures desc1ibed above and for mOilitOiing and record keeping of the following: • enlissions to the air; • air quality; • noise.enlissions; • quality of effluent discharge; and • waste management. In Ius role, the Assistant Project Manager will also be responsible for maintaitling any pollution conn·ol equipment and for developing and implementing procedures for safe handling and storage of any hazardous matelials used on site. 1l1e Assistant Project Manager will also have lead responsibility for mait1taiiling a written Envii·onmental Register with respect to envii·onmental impacts as requii·ed m1der Egyptian and World Bank guidelines. 1l1e wlitten ESL.o\ for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project Chapter 8- Pag~ 3 of 30 May 20 13- Proj~ct No. 1750 · HP I ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP s A. records will identify the chat·actetistics of discharges and emissions, details of periodic testing including results, procedures for follow-up environmental safety actions and the person in charge of ti1is follow-up. Should atly presctibed standards be breached, PIU/EMS, through ti1e Assistant Project Mat1ager, will immediately infom1 ti1e EEAA and disclose the procedures being taken to rectify non-conformity. Results of environmental monitoring as desctibed above, shall be recorded atld submitted to ti1e EEAA, EEHC and to any other party (i.e. WB etc.) as required. The EEAA atld WB ru·e entitled to audit the project company in order to ensure conformity witl1 environmental stat1dards and requirements. In addition, ti1e project compru1y must keep a record of any significant environmental incidents occmTing at ti1e project including accidents and occupational illnesses, spills, fires and other emergencies. The Assistant Project Manager will be responsible for ensuing ti1at these records ru·e maintained up to date atld ru·e available on site. The Assistat1t Project Manager will supervise and lead the Environmental Unit (EU) and cooperate with ti1e Environmental Management Staff (EMS) of tl1e EETC directed by the PIU. Figure 8-1 illustrates ti1e organization of ti1e EMS. (PIU I EMS roles during operation are shown in Figure 8-1 and specified in Table 8-1 as training requirements) Socin 1I Community Development Specin list Within the PIU/EMS, a Social I Community Development Specialist will be recruited by EETC for managing all expected socio-economic impacts that are associated with the implementation of the project. His I Her responsibility should basically include, but is not limited to, the following tasks: • Solve problems related to valuation and compensation. • Solve problems related to community interests. • Community information and outreach. 8.2.2 Environmental Training The Project Company will ensure ti1at ti1e transmission interc01mection project is matmed all working hours. All staff employed at the project will be trained in tile following: • general operation of the transmission line and substations; • specific job roles and procedures; • occupational health and safety; atld • contingency platlS and emergency procedures. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project Chapter 8- Page 4 of 30 May 2013 - Proj~ct No. 1750 - HP I ECG~~~~\J. ENGINEE RING CONSULTANTS GR OUP s .a. Training will include: • induction training on appointment; • specialist training (as required for theit· prescribed job role); and • refresher training as requit-ed. The trailling program w ill be designed to ensure U1at appropriate skilled staff ru·e used to operate U1e project at all times. Aspects of occupational healU1 and safety and emergency procedures are described below . In addition to Ulis environmental training for all staff employed at U1e project, special envit·onmental trainil1g w ill be given to the staff employed for the EMU. They will receive training ill the followi11g: • day-to-day m01litoring activities; • collection and a11alysis of envit·onmental quality data; • monitoring U1e w aste effluents; • monitoring U1e waste disposal; • use of m01litoring equipment, operation and mai11tenance; • i11dustrial hygiene; • occupational health atld safety; atld • emergency and contingency procedw·es. 8.2.3 Occupational Health and Safety EETC will establish and integrate policies and procedures on occupational healU1 atld safety into the operation of the tratlSmission interc01mection project wllich meet the requirements of Egyptiatl atld U1e World Bank guidelines as given ill Section 2 of U1e report. The policies and procedmes will also be designed to comply with all manufactmers safety data sheets for oils atld chemical storage atld usage, so as to provide a safe and healU1y working envit-otllllent. Occupational healU1 and safety programs will be supported by staff training for the project and the appointment of the Assistatlt Project Mru1ager. The h'ainil1g will i11clude, but w ill not be limited to, U1e following: • general ru·ea safety; • specific job safety; • general electrical safety; • hat1dlil1g of hazru-dous materials; • enny i11to confined spaces; • · heating conservation; • repetitive sn·ess disorders; • Code of Safe Practices; • use of personal protective equipment; atld • fit-st-aid. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project Chapter 8- Pag~ 5 of 30 May 2013 - Proj ~ct No. 1750- HP I ECG~~~IP\J. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP s 1>. Figure 8-1 Ellvirollmelltal Ma11ageme11t Staff (EMS) witlli11 tile Project lmplemelltatioll U11it (PIU) Prior to Operation EEHC r--- EETC PROJ ECT Chainnan MANAGER During Operation I EETC PIU C ha irman I EETCZONE MANAGER Assistant Proj ect EE HC Head of t--- Environmental Sector Manager J I ENGrNEERING Head of Environmental I CONSULTA NT Management St.aff (EMS) Head of Environmental Unit ~---- (2-3 staff members recruited (2-3 staff me mbers recruited by EETC) by EETC) Social/ Community Development Specialist Environmental 1-- Monitoring Im plementation of t-- ESMP Measures Noise & EMF 1- Mon itoring Environmental t-- Monitoring & Reporting 1-- Occupational Health & Safety Enviro ru11ental Data - - Coll ectio n & Analysis Enviro nmenta l Management & Eme rgency gency Procedures I )01\er Plrull Transmi ssion Line Interconnection Project SIA for He l\\ an South 1 hapter 8- Page 6 of 30 May 20 13 - Project No. 175 0- HP ENGINEERING CONS ULTANTS GROUP S A l11e training will include induction courses when staff are first employed at the project, with specialist and re&·esher training as required by the job role. Training will be updated annually and occupational health and safety procedtu'es will be included wiUlin U1e Operations Manual for fl1e project. l11e safety record at the project administration will be reviewed each monfl1 at a f01mal meeting, led by fl1e Assistant Project Manager, where the agenda items, comments and attendance will be recorded and kept on file. In addition, peliodic safety audits will be conducted to vetify compliance wifl1 safe working practices, which will complise physical inspections, review of project records and interviews with staff. l11e audits will assign responsibility for any corrective action necessary to mitigate a potential hazard and allow fl1e tracking of the completion of fl1e conective measw·e. Tnble 8-1 summatizes U1e recommended training required for fl1e PIU /EMS. 8.2.4 . Emergency Procedures and Accident Response Instructions on emergency meastu'es necessary to safeguat·d employees atld U1e wider environment will be prepared as part of the Operations Manual for fl1e project. Accident Response As patt of fl1e prepat·ation of emergency procedtu'es and fl1e plans for accident response arrat1gements, fl1e project company will carry out the following: • review industry-specific and Egyptiatl, EIA atld World Batlk statldat·ds and regulations; • establish general guidelines on potential safety atld accident tisks; • prepat·e job-specific operating instructions where approptiate; • establish safety atld secwity notices for hazat·dous mateti.als; • prepare specific emergency operating insttuctions; • provide protective equipment (including cloflling, aii and ear protection etc.) as required; • evaluate iri.fotmation atld feedback from employees; and • record atld investigate all accidents, injwies atld incidents. ESIA..for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 8- Page 7 of30 May 20 13- Project No. 175 0- HP ECG ~w.ll)~IP\r. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Table 8-1 Recommended Training R equired f or tile Pill/EMS Type of Proposed Cost Estimate Training Course Contents P .uticip ants . General EHS Training: . General operation of Training Oassroom All project Scheduling Once before (L. E.) Included in . Induction Training on Appointment . the project. Specific job roles and and On-job staff, including project implementation construction & operation cost. . Specialist Training Refresher Training (as required) . procedures. Occupational Health & Safety: training. EMS. and during operation for refresher (around USS 60k) - general area safety; training. - specific job safety; - general electrical safety; - handling of hazardous materials; - entry into confined spaces; - hearing conservation; - repetitive stress disorders; - Code of Safe Practices; - use of personal protective equipment; and . - first-aid . Contingency Plans & Special Environmental Training on . Emergency Procedures. Allover Environmental Performance of the Classroom and EMS. (2-3 staff Once before project Included in construction & Environmental Aspects transmission and On-job members) implementation operation cost. of transmission and substation systems and . substation systems Day-to-day monitoring training. and monitoring program . (around USS lOk) Monitoring. . activities. Collection & analysis of environmental quality . data. Monitoring the waste . effluents. Monitoring the waste . disposal Use of monitoring equipment, operation Environmental . . and maintenance. Industrial Hygiene . Environmental ·Classroom EMS. Once after Included in Auditing and Inspection, including periodic safety audits . . Auditing Techniques. Auditing Checklists. Environmental and Field Exercises. project implementation operation cost. (around USS lOk) . Auditing Reports. Safety Audits: - Physical inspections; - Review of project records; Social Commwlications - . . - Interviews with staff. Commwlications Skills . Mass Commwlications. Oassroom and EMS. Once before project Included in construction & Field implementation operation cost. Exercises. and monitoring (around USS program. lOk) ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 8- Page 8 of 30 May 2013- Project No. 1750- HP ECGC:tr~~~~V. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S A Contingency plans and emergency procedures are being developed to cover events due to operational failures, natural causes and acts of Hurd parties. 1l1e plans and·procedmes will cover, as a nti~um, the following: • fire; • explosion; • bomb alerts; • leaks and spills of hazardous materials; • sb:ucture or equipment failures; • injwies and illnesses; • risk from natmal disasters (wind, sandstorm, earthquake); and • third-party risks (potential impacts of an accident occunmg at another industrial facility which may impact upon the transmission line or the substations). O il Spill Contingency P lnn As Good practice and part of the ESMP, EETC will prepare an Oil Spill Contingency Plan for substations transformers and other equipment and oil uses. 1l1e plan will cover the following activities. • delivety; • handling; • spills; and • cleanup . The plan will detail procedw·es, responsibilities, chains of command, infotnlation flows, monitodng and documentation. 8.3 SCHED ULE A ND C O STS FOR PREPARATIO N AND IMPLEMENTATION O F EHS PLANS Table 8-2 below provides a time sd1edule and approximate costs for the preparation and implementation of U1e Environment, HealU1 and Safety Plans. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Proj~ct CH 8· Page 9 of30 May 2013- Proj~ct No. 1750- HP I ECGtzyti/.u)~(p\f. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Table 8-2 Scl1edule and Cost EsHmntes for EHS Plnns Schedule for Schedule for Approx. Cost Plan Res ponsi bili ty Submission Implementation (US$) Occupational Health EETC Assistant 41h Quarter 2012 2nd Quarter 2013 Within and Safety Plan Pt:oject Manager Construction (Construction) andPIU/EMS Contracts Occupational Health EETC Assistant 2nd Quarter 2013 3'd Quarter 2013 (a) and Safety Plan Project Manager (Operation) andPIU/EMS Emergency Procedures EETC Assistant 41h Quarter 2012 41h Quarter 2012 (a) and Accident Project Manager Response Plan andPIU/EMS Oil Spill Cot~tingency EETC Assistant 2nd Quarter 2013 2nd Quarter 2013 (a) Plan Pt:oject Manager andPIU/EMS 01at1ce Finds EETC Assistatlt 4thQuarter 2012 41h Quarter 2012 (a) Procedure Project Mat1ager andPIU/EMS Monitoting Plan EETC Assistant Already Stat:t of (a) Pt:oject Manager prepared, see Construction atld PIU /EMS Table 8-3 and I Table 8-4 of ESMP Notes: (a) The cost of the preparation of these plans will amount to arow1d US-$ 50,000. The costs of maintaining atld implementing the requirements of these plans on-site cannot be determined at this stage w1ti1 the contents and requit·ements of the plans are known. 8.4 SO CIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (SMP) 8.4.1 Objt>ctives of tht> SMP The objective of tile Social Management Plan is to put f01ward mitigation measmes for potential negative impacts and to monitor ti1e efficiency of these mitigation measmes on relevant enviromnental and social indicators. Similarly, ti1e goal of ti1e Social Management Plan, as represented by ti1e Resettlement Policy Framework, is to construct guidelines for ti1e avoidance of expected negative social impacts, and initiate a mechanism for implementing ti1ese guidelines when issue alise. The respective plans identify certain roles and responsibilities for different stakeholders for implementation, supervision and monit01ing. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ lnt~rcorui~ction Project CH 8- Pag~ 10 of30 May 20 13- Project No. 1750- HP ECG~ww~0~V. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA TI1e following list provides explanations of the social aspects of some of the impacts detailed above: • Affected frumers should be compensated for their crops in appropriate prices and paid prior to implementation. As well as, TI1e affected areas needed should be compensated for on a mru·ket price or change the tower into underground cable in order to avoid high compensation rate. • Regru·ding the affect on the workers, safety measures should be applied. • Regru·ding the mitigation of reduction of traffic flow due to ti1e consh·uction materials and dust ti1at will result from digging. It is recommended ti1at dust be removed and construction materials be stored in big storage areas close to the construction sites. • TI1ere must be precautions to ensure ti1at dtivers approaching such a conshuction site change ti1eir lane ptior to the site atld adjust ti1eir speed to ti1at of tile h·affic in ti1e adjacent lanes. TI1ese precautions will be easier to crury out when h·affic volumes are low dming night time, i.e. from midtlight to 6:00 run. • For the mitigation of affecting ti1e community people who might be affected due to accumulation of wastes, it is recommended to follow ti1e environmental safety measures needed to reduce the wastes or moving ti1em to remote lru1dfill. • Risks to existing infrash'ttcture, especially water pipes that ru·e not mapped and must be identified tiuough excavation holes. It is Ciucial to have updated maps of these lines atld pipes in order to avoid damaging ti1em. If such maps are not available, excavation holes must be dug before ru1y conshuction. • TI1e potentially effect on ti1e project by stealing its properties, security guru·ds should be lures to watch ti1e equipments and oti1er matetials. 8.4.2 Social Monitoring Guidt>lint>s It was notable ti1at ti1e main activities ti1at should be monitored are ti10se related to expropriation of lands and valuation of crops. Moreover, tile grievances should be also llighlighted atld reported. Tilis m01litoling process necessitates some f01ms in order to be able to process ti1e mat1agement and m01lit01ing system appropliately (Tables 8-3 mul8-4). TI1e results of the monit01ing and management system should be reported quruterly to tile Headquarter of holding company and ti1e World Batlk. TI1e monit01ing atld mru1agement will be implemented by tile bratlChes of elech·icity company in each governorate atld m01litored by ti1e headquruter staff. In order to achieve titis m01lit01ing system, personnel identified in Figure 8-2 ru·e needed. Regru·ding ti1e compensation committee ti1at is responsible for tile valuation of the compensations ru·e a mru1ager, an accountru1t and a lawyer. ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 8- Page II of 30 May 20 13- Project No. 1750 - HP ECG ~w10~ ~1J. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Table 8-3 Affected Laud nud Crops Form a. Serial Number b. Governorate c. District d. Village e. Area of land f. Direct and indirect crop owner g. His ID number h. The value of the crops i. The total area of the land to be expropriated j. Duration of expropriation k . Signature and stamp of the owner of crops I. Witness from community m. Prepared by (Name of the employee) Table 8-4 Grievauce Fonu a. Serial Number b. Governorate c. Gender of the person reporting a grievance d. Age of the person reporting a grievance e. Education of the person reporting a grievance f. Topic of grievance g. Actions to be taken h. Monitoring for grievance ESIA for Hd wan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 8- Pag~ 12 of3 0 May 2013 - Proj~ct No. 1750- HP ECG 6trWi0~ ~lr. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP s "- Figure 8-2 Orgnnizntiounl Clwrt for Compeusntion Committee Directly work under the Head of committee head of the project Monitored by the Electrictv Hodini Accountant Lawyer Company ' ' Agriculture Valuation Supported by stalkholders Social officer Association member member ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Intercollllection Projecr CH 8- Page 13 of30 May 2013 - Project No. 1750- HP ECG0Y~~~v ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROU P SA The Compensation Committee should be assessed by U1e Agricultural Association during the process of compensation. In addition, U1e social Officer Utat will be hired will tmdertake U1e following tasks as part of U1e monitoring system: - Having a full census of Project Affected People (PAPs) within U1e corridor of impact, alongwiU1 an inventory of their assets, wiU1 U1e help of community people and U1e Agricultural Association (According to W.B. IR Sourcebook, PAPs in linear projects should be identified in a full census of people within the conidor of impact, alongwiU1 an inventory of U1eir assets). - lnfonning U1e affected groups wiU1 U1e potential expropriation activities with U1e help of community people. - Identify U1e compensations needed and accompany U1e compensation committee in order to document their work. - Provision of detailed list about U1e potential community stakeholders and U1e NGOs representatives. - Provision of clear irlfom1ation about U1e project to the community members. - Conducting regular meetings wiU1 stakeholders in order to discuss U1e irtf01mation needed and any potential complains and gtievances. - Document U1e grievances, classify them, raise U1em to U1e head of U1e project management wlit to response on them, irtf01m the people about the responses and document all U1e process. 8.4.3 M anagt>mt>nt of Culturally Valuable Sitt>s The project is not expected to encounter any sites of cultural or historical sigtlificance. NoneU1eless, martagement and nlitigation guidelines have been established in case of such a situation. Law 117/1983 for Protection of antiquities has set certain standards U1at should be followed during excavation works near a registered antiquity site. The Supreme Council for Antiquities emphasizes U1at collaboration should be established between an archeologist and an infrastmcture developer dwing consttuction near an antiquity. 1l1ese standards and requirements are followed among U1e following proposed nlitigation measures: • Identifying comprehensive list of all registered antiquities, falling wiUlin U1e domain of U1e project, and collect U1eir maps and identified buffer zones from U1e Supreme Cow1eil of Antiquities. • Identifying locations of U1e interconnection areas where line will be next to or near, antiquities buffer zones. In such location pemlission from U1e Supreme Cotmcil of Antiquities on excavation works should be obtained. TI1ese locations are expected to be concentrated in Old Cairo disttict. ESIA for Helwan South Powet Plant Transtllission Line Intetcoru1ection Project CH 8- Page 14 of 30 May 2013 - Project No_ 1750 - HP ECG~w.W~DIP\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP s A. • Provide supervision on im plementation of construction works at these identified locations. · • No tmmeling activities should be allowed m1der or next to monuments. • If dewatering activities are to take place, the process should be tmdertaken under the supervision of foundation engineers who shall perform necessary soil investigations. The process should be tight in time schedule to avoid elongated dewatering, and possibly use under-h·ench culvert or tunnel to preserve groundwater table under the monument. • Reduce vibration, in identified locations of antiquities: - using manual tools whenever possible. - phasing work to eliminate generation of resultant vibrations from several machinery. - Establish cutoff barrier through a vertical trench, whenever needed, to absorb vibrations. • Identify architecturally valuable sites and implement aesthetic designs of tising connections, choosing back sides to avoid artistic sides and components. • In case an antiquity is found, excavation works should hold and Ute Supreme Council of Antiquities should be contacted to handle Ute site. Possibly required monitoring activities for some antiquities, whidl will be based on survey report of archeological constant undertaking tnitigation measm·es 1 and 2, include: • Perform Elevation Reference Points (ERP) test for identified monuments if dewatering is to take place in identified locations of Ute line, near antiquity sites, according to U1e meU10dology mentioned in U1e previous section. • Monitor vibration levels at the monument location dming excavation. • Undertake geophysical smvey for some locations prior to consh'Uction, according to Ute insh'ttctions of Ute Supreme ComKil for Antiquities. 8.4.4 Mitigation Mt'asun•s for Social Impacts dur·ing Opuation The main major mlfavorable impacts dtt1ing U1e operation phase will be mitigated as follows: • Raising the level of awareness of the people in Ute project areas through different media chatmels and wiU1 Ute help of local NGOs. • Local Commmlity Councils should ensme U1at the roads ar·e paved inlmediately after finislling the installation to avoid any fmU1er congestion and disturbances. • Tite impact on fisheties that nlight affect Uteir livelihood chances should be tnitigated. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line lntercoru1ecrion Project CH 8- Pagel S of 30 May 2013- Project No. 175 0- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP sA During the operation phase, it is recommended to monitor the line, especially to make sure ti1at no one hies to build on ti1e routes of fue line. Moreover, in case of changing ti1e farm land into construction land, ti1e appropriate compensation should be applied by ti1e Committee for Compensation in order to limit the unfavorable impacts of ti1e project. Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is illustrated in Table 8-5, and Table 8-6 [(A), (B)] . Socio-economic Management Activities during design, conshuction and operation, proposed responsibilities of different stakeholders and approximate cost are given in Table 8-7 [(A), (B)] . 8.5 M O NITO RING PROG RAM The purpose of fue environmental monitoring program is to ensure fuat fue envisaged outcome of ti1e Project is achieved and results in ti1e desired benefits to Egypt. To ensure ti1e effective implementation of ti1e ESMP it is essential ti1at an effective monitoring program be designed and canied out. TI1e environmental monit01ing program provides such infom1ation on which management decisions may be taken dming construction and operational phases. It provides ti1e basis for evaluating ti1e efficiency of mitigation and enhancement measm·es and suggests furfuer actions ti1at need to be taken to achieve ti1e desired Project outcomes. Monitoring activities during design, construction and operation at·e given in Table 8-8 [(A), (B)] and Table 8-9 [(A ), (B)]. Table 8-10 gives summary of implementation cost of ti1e ESMP. ESIA for Helwan South Powet Plant Transmission Line Intetcoru1ecrion Project CH 8- Page\6 of 30 May 2013 - Project No. 1750 - HP ECG hYWw~~'v. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Table 8-5 l ustitutioua l Arraugemeuts for Helwa11 So uth/ Zalzraa A l-Maadi- Helwa u South/ Sa mallout 500 kVTraus missio11 lutercouuectio11 Project l ssuorting/ o n ito ring mptementatio n ~upen' I!UO n I Indicators Construction Phase lnsti tutional Establishment of the Prt;ect Prior to project oonstru:tioo. Quarterly to EErC Chairman PIU/EMS EETC Project M..,.ger in Traini~programs Envirormenla.l Quality capacity to address lmpteme nlation Unit {FlU). incl uding the collaboration with the quarterly moritori~ will environmental and Environmenlal Managemen t Staff (EMS) Quarterly to EEHC Consultant Site Manager Compliance with ESMP stw t with the commencemert social issues (wUllnclude2-3 staff members, B.SC. Ongcing train!~ Envirormenlal Management ol construction pha... and/or Sym rshigh techrical ed001tlon (EEM) and EEHC Chairman recruited by EElC In additlon to a Basic Training SoclaV Community Spec:bliot), Quarter! y to WB Basic lnductioo Training constructio n phase. Training time .ard oost B"'ic training of persons employed to (incl uded incor<~tructloncost) operate the moritorl~ activities. (aro\Old USS 60 k) Basic induction training for all employees . EETC respor<~lbility on good oonstrudion and site management practice. Operation Phase Institutional Establishmen t of the Prt;ect Pro to stuti~ operation. Quarter! y to EErC Chairman PIU/EMS EErC Pr<;ect Manager in Traini~ programs Training time and oost capacity to address lmplemenlation Unit (FlU), including the collaboration with the (incl uded In operation cost) environmental a.nd Environmenla.l Management Slaff (EMS) Quarterly to EEHC & EEHC Assistant Prt;ect Consul tant Site Manager Compliance with ESMP (aro\Old US5 30 k) social IO!Ues (wUIInclude2-3slaff members, B.SC. Envirormenlal Management Manager and/or Symrshigh techri cal ed001tlon Ongcing tratnl~ (EEM) EETC respomlbUity recruited by EElC In addition to a SoclaV Commu ntty Specialist), opera don Quarterly to WB phase. Basic training of persons employed to operate the morWkui~ activi ties. Induction, specific and refresher training for aU employees on good operation management practlce. Training methods, facilid Institutional Responsibility Potential Impact Proposed Mitigation Means of Project Phase Responsi bility of direct Measures supervision For Implementation supervision Genera tion of scrap and Allocate and prepare areas Pre-construction EETC EETC Auditing of ha zardous waste in substation site for allocated stores temporary stora ge of scrap Keeping tidiness and Operation storekeepers EETC operator I Auditing of stores cleanliness of the utility Environmental section store Controlling the hazardous Operation EETC operator EETC operator / Doc umentation of the and s pec ia l was te either to Environme ntal section waste ma nagement sell or to recycle Controlled disp osa l of non Operation EETC operato r EETC operator / Doc ume nts rev iew sold ha zardou s and Environmental section and occasional spec ial was te inspection of disposal site Implement waste Design and Construction Design cons ultants for Construction s upervising Site superv ision minimiza tion measures in design, and contractors cons ultant design and cons truction during construction Carry out awareness Operation NGOs local EETC Review NGOs training of ca mpaign about sa fety promoters and tra iners and v is its of loca l precautions with training promote rs speci.fic emphas is on consultant women and chi ldren Health & Sa fety Strict adherence with Operation EETC opera tor EETC I Environmenta l Occasiona l inspection of standard H&S princi ples section s ubstations and and meas ures tra nsmission line route Ex posure to Se lect routes of powe r Design Design cons ultant EETC operator/ Rev iew design reports EMFs lines as far as poss ible Environme ntal section from developed a reas Notes: (*l T h~cost Qf linvi ronmental Ma nageme nt Measures d uring opera tion is estima ted fo r around US$ 50 K. ES IA fo r llelwnn South l>o\\ er Plant Transmission Line Interconnecti on Project C l-l 8- Page 21 of 30 May 20 13 - Project No. 1750- HP I ECG~t:viV~:P\1. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP sA Table 8-6 (B) (Contd.) E1wironmental Management Plan during Operation Pltase Institutional Responsibility Proposed Mitigation Means of Potential Impact Project Phase Responsibility of direct Measures supervision For Implementation supervision Fix a ROW distance on Pre-construction EETC and Local EETC operator Review correspond~nce both sides of power lines Authorities with local authorities where no permanent structures should be estab lished In case EMF monitoring Operation Specialized Engineering EETC I environmental Review consultant reports results gave high EMF Consultant section and implementation of readings in populated measures areas, EMF reduction measures should be taken according to recommendations of the engineering consultant Risk of soil Care should be taken Operation EETC operator EETC I environmental Occasional visits to contamination during transformer oil sectiorr substations especially at changing, which shou ld the transformer location be over an impermeable layer of soil Adequate collection and Operation EETC operator EETC I environmental Occasional visits to disposal of section substations especially at contamina ted soil the transfom1er location Impacts on land use, Improve landscape using Pre-construction and EETC in collaboration EETC I environmenta l Review consultant reports landscape and visual means of harmonization Operation with Specialized section and implementation of amenities and beautification Engineering Consu ltant measures ESIA for Heh\nn South l>ower Plant Transmission Line In terconnection Project CH 8- Page 22 of30 May 2013 - l>roject No. 175 0 - HP ECG Monitoring Potential Impact Monitoring Indicator Monitoring Location Monitoring Methods Monitoring Frequency Responsibility Disposal of hazardous Quantities of waste items substation utility s tore Inspection and recording Quarterly reporting Su bsta lion's storekeepers waste and scrap by type of admitted items Safety of power lines and Numbe.r of electrocution Substation operator Counting accidents and Once an accident happens Substation's operator substation or reporting its ca uses fire accidents bv type Exposure to EMF EMF (mG) Selected locations where Measurements through Quarterly, or as required EMF Expe rt (substation's developed areas are EMF meter operator) closest to power lines Risk of soil contamination Volume of contaminated Locations of release Approximate estimation Once an accident happens Substation's operator soil of the vo lume by measuring surface area and approximate depth Notes. (")The cos t of Environ men ta l Monitoring during operati on is estima ted for around US$ 30 K. ES IA for Hel wnn South Power Plant Transmiss ion Line Interconnection Project C H 8- Page 26 of30 Mny 2013 - Project No. 1750- HP ECG ~wiV~ :P'V. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Table 8-9 (A) Socio-economic Monitorin~ Matrix duritzg Design atzd Construction Responsibi lity of Estimated Cost of Im pact Monitori ng in dicators Du ration of mo nitori ng Methods of mo nitori ng monitori ne: mon itori ne: Expropriation of Land • la nds ex propriated EETC headqu arter During constructio n Reviewing docume nts a nd • Affected peo ple list site visit Mee tin g Affected peo ple and discussing th eir attitudes, opti ons a nd satisfactio n Damage of crops • la nds ex propriated EETC headqu arter During constructio n Reviewi ng docume nts a nd • types of crops site visit • Affected people list Meetin g Affec ted peo ple and disc ussing th eir attitudes, opti ons a nd Aro und US$ 40 K satisfactio n ' Risk of damaging infrastructure • Maps fQr infrastructure EETC headquarter During constructio n Reviewing docume nts a nd and excavation pits results site visi t Waste disposal Wastes accumul ated EETC headquarter During constructio n Reviewing lice ns ing to - spec iali zed contracto r. Reviewi ng consig nments for di sposal. Reviewi ng lists of waste taken off-site. Audit di sposal procedure ES IA for Hel\lnn South Power Plant Trnn smission Line Interconnection Project H 8- Page 27 o f 30 May 201 3 - Project No . 1750 - HI' ECG &Jt.ViV~~v ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Table 8-9 (B) Socio-economic Monitoring Matrix during Operation Responsibility of Methods of Im pact Mo nitori ng indicators Duration of monitori ng Estimated Cost of monitoring mo nitori nl!. monitori nl!. Residual - Jand s expropriated EETC headquarter During operation Reviewing documents Exp ro priatio n of - Affected people list and si te visi t Land (if a ny) Meeting Affected people an d disc ussing their attitud es, options and satisfac tion Residual Lack of - List of participants in EETC headquarter After installation of line Revie\\~ ng list of Around US$ 20K in for ma ti o n awareness activi ties pa rtici pants and . attendi ng aware ness activities Meeting Affec ted peop le and disc ussing thei r attitudes, options and satisfaction ES IA for Helwan South Powe r l'la nt Tran smission Line Interconnecti on Project C H 8- Page 28 o f 30 May 20 13 - Project No. 175 0 . HP E CG 6trliAV0.YY2J (Jx\r. ENGINEERING CO NSULTANTS GROUP SA Table 8-10 Summnry of lmplemeutntiou Cost of tile ESMP Cost in US$ Source of No. Phase of Implementation Measures M onitoring Funding 1 Design and Construction Phase EETC • Monitoring equipment 70K 30K EETC [Corona Discharge and S/Ss Noise measuring- EMF levels measuring, ..etc. (if required)] • Environmental Health& Safety SOK • Aw;ueness Raising 20K • Training/lust. Building 60K EETC 2 Operation Phase SOK I 30K EETC • Awareness Raising lOK EETC • Training/ Inst. Building 30K EETC 3 Mitigating Social Safegu•ud Issues 128K (during Design, Conshuction & Operation) 235K 60K EETC (cultivated land & crop compensation) Sub. Total 653K 120K Grand Total 773K Tnble 8-10 shows that the total im plementation cost of the environmental and Social Management Plan is about US$ 0.773 million, which amounts to about 0.4% of the total project cost. All the mitigation, monitoring and management measures proposed above (the Environmental and Social Management Plail (ESMP)), will be adopted by the Project Company and imposed as conditions of contract on the conh·actor and any sub- conh·actors employed to build or operate any prui of U1e project. 8.6 RAISING AWARENESS During different stages of the project, different awru·eness raising activities should be canied out with the public ii1 order to minimize U1e impact, environmentally and socio-economically a11d to inh·oduce and inform U1e community about U1e different stages of the project as well as expected duration of its completion. Awareness raising activities for socio-economic issues are presented in Table 8-11. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 8- Page 29 of30 May 20 13 - Project No. 1750- HP ECG 6tiww~~V. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP s"- Table 8-11 Awareness Raising ActivitiesC") Expected Proposed Expected Topic Contents Type of Activity Participants Time Outcom e Awareness - h1troducing the - Organizing The local Before the - people are Raising new project. community residents start-up of the convinced of - TI1e benefits of conferencesjsymp project and the importance ti~e new project. osia. during llie of the new - Explain tile - Printing construction project. different pamphlets. phase. - people are alternatives of - Using local media. participating in ti1e project. - Malting banners replacing the - TI1e importance removed trees. of mobilizing ti1e local resources to replace ti1e removed trees with new ones. H ealth and - TI1e importance Oassroom. on-job TI1e local Throughout Both ti1e local Safety of applying training, and field residents, the the people as well Measures safety measures inspections laborers construction as the project during and crew phase and crew are construction. Operation applying llie - TI1e needed phase safety precautions measures ti1at ensures tile during health and construction safety of and operation people. phases. - The tools that can be used for ti1e protection of laborers as well as ti1e local people. - How to apply safety audits. Conunwlica- - H ow to Oassroom. practical TI1e project Throughout The lion Skills communicate training. staff llie commwlication with ti1e public. construction and negotiation - Different phase and between the meti1ods of Operation local people conunwlication phase and the project - TI1e negotiation staff is moving skills. smootiuy. Notes: TI1e cost of Awareness Raising Activities is estimated for amund US$ 30K. ESIA for Helwau South Power Pbnt Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 8- Page 30 of30 May 2013- Project No. 1750 - HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA 9. CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE 9.1 INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL APPROACH In order to ensure that the views and interests of all project stakeholders are taken into accounts, public consultation has been carried out according to the World Bank guidelines and EEAA requirements for Category (B) projects, which require coordination with other government agencies involved in the ESIA, obtaining views of local people and affected groups during the social research conducted for the project. This consultation has been undertaken as part of the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment process. The process of this consultation is also implemented in accordance with the World Bank requirements. , Tllis section summarizes the activities whlch have been undertaken and the results of consultation. It, also, sununarizes the activities which may be tmdertaken, under tilis condition, during the conshuction and operation of ti1e project. 9.1.1 Public Consultation Regulations and Requirements In accordance witi1 ti1e World Bank requirements, namely ti1e Bank's Operational Policy (OP) 4.01 Environmental Assessment and other key docwnents, affected groups and NGOs must be consulted as part of the envimnmental assessment of projects. T11e primary pwpose of tilis pmvision is to protect ti1e interests of affected commwlities. Tlu~refore, the ESIA and RPF process should include consultation and disclosure of infom1ation to key stakeholders involved in and/ or affected by the Helwan Souti1 j Zaltraa Al- Maadi - Helwan Souti1 j Samallout 500 kV tt·ansmission line and substations. Tl1e objectives of consultation and disclosure are to ensure that all stakeholders and interested parties, are fully informed of tile proposed project, have ti1e opportunity to voice their concems and ti1at any issues resulting from this process are addressed in the ESIA and incorporated into the design and implementation of the project. Egyptian Law number 4 of 1994 and its updated Law No. 9/2009, which addresses ti1e environment, does stipulate and refer directly to public consultation witilin ti1e ESIA process. In addition, its importance may be inferred from tl1e inclusion of representatives of environmental non- govenunental organizations on the Board of Directors of tl1e EEAA. FurthemlOre, the EEAA "Guidelines for ti1e Basis and Procedures of Envimmnental Impact Assessment (EIA) - Sector Guidelines" suggest discussions witi1 local stakeholders and interested parties during scoping and preparation of ti1e ESIA. ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Proj~ct CH 9- Page I of 19 May 20 13- Proj~ct No. 1750 - HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S A 9.1.2 Stakeholders During the ESIA process, stakeholders for the project have been identified and included the following: • Local Councils and Disb.icts Authorities; • Government Regulatory Agencies; • Local business and commercial interests; • Local people including population representatives; • Environmental research organizations; and • NGOs and other environmental interests. A full list of primary stakeholders is presented in Table 9-1 . Table 9-1 Primnry Stnkelwlder O rgnuizntious O rganization • Cairo Govexnorate • Giza Goven10rate • Beni-Suef Govemorate • El-Minya Govemorate • Marakez Samallout in the El-Minya Govemorate and Zahraa Al-Maadi in the Cairo Governorate • Egyptian Elechicity Holding Company (EEHC) • Egyptian Elechicity Transmission Company (EETC) • Local Elech·icity Authority (North & South Cail'O and pper Egypt Elechicity Distribution Companies) • Egyptian Envirorunental Affairs Agency (EEAA) • Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation • The El-Minya, Beni-Sueif, Giza and Cairo population representatives • Minishy of Transport • l11e El-Minya and Zalll'aa Al-Maadi Transport Depax·trnents • Egyptian Natural Gas Holding Company (EGAS) (Upper ~gypt Gas Pipeline) • Supreme Council of Antiquities • Egyptiax1 General Authority for Shox·e Protection • National Reseax·ch Center, State Minishy of Scientific Research and Technology • Organization for Physical Plaxming, Ministry of Housing • Egyptiax1 General Authority for Meteorology • National Authmity for Remote Sensing ax1d Space Sciences • General Authoxity for Geological Survey ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 9· Pag~ 2 of 19 May 2013- Ptoject No. 1750 . HP ECG&Jw.W~l}~tr. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA 9.1.3 Management and Participation Public consultation and disclosure was managed and undertaken by Environmental Consultant ECG and EETC with participation hom EEHC. Concerned stakeholders, including local community, economic representatives and local economic activities, have been, and will continue to be, requested to actively participate in this process. CONSULTATION OBJECTIVES, METHODOLOGY AND SAMPLING 9.2.1 O bjectives TI1e overall objective of this consultation is to measure the social impact of the project. Tilis necessitates to measure and llighlight U1e following objectives: • Identify positive and negative impacts on the local market in change in demand for local services, as well as access to social infrastructure. • Identify the impacts on employment, housing of workers, and general public safety issues. • Highlight U1e legislations under wllich U1e project will be implemented, in \ · case of expropliation of lands< • Address the land use in U1e areas and investigate the ability of expropliation. • Identify potential obstacles U1at nlight face the project and how to overcome U1em. • OuUine the vulnerable groups that might be affected by U1e project and identify the appropliate nlitigation measures. • Investigate the possibility of having community participation dtuing U1e implem entation phase of U1e project. TI1e role of NGOs and different institutions was investigated to support U1e project and discern what types of assistance should be provided during ead1 phase. • Identify U1e monitoring system needed dtuing U1e conshuction and operation phases. • Provide valious options to minimize the need for involtmtary resettlement. • Finally, hy to propose a Social Management Plan U1at might be responsible for any potential social problems. (*) Regardless of having a decree to allocate lands by the governor in some cases the project might find illegitimate possession of land. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 9- Page 3 of 19 May 2013 - Project No. 1750 - HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S A 9.2.2 Methodology Participatory Rapid Appraisal Methodology is applied. Therefore, a cross- sectional analysis U1at uses a multi-data sources is developed. n. Primnru Dntn • Focus group discussion wiU1 U1e community people and scoping sessions. • In-depth interview guides wiU1 U1e governmental organizations and U1e NGOs. b. Secondnru Dn tn The secondary data analysis was used to review govemmental documents and to provide a clear socioeconomic profile for the communities U1at will host U1e project. Thus, the following reports have been reviewed: · Egyptian Human Development Report 2010. Environmental profile for El-Minya, 2007. Environmental profile for Beni Sue£ 2008. Egyptian Census results 2006. Egypt Description by Infotmation, IDSC, 2010. Egyptian Demographic and Health Survey 2009. Egypt Descliption by Information, IDSC, 2009. Resettlement Policy Framework, World Bank. Different laws that govern the expropriation process. Figure 9-1 depicts tl1e "Data Collection Process". ESIA for Helwau South Power Plaut Tf3Jlsmissiou· Lin~ Iutercouuectiou Project CH 9- Pag~ -1 of 19 May 2013- Project No. 1750- HP ECG (;zyli.hJ~o ~\r. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP SA Figure9-1 Dntn Collection Scl1eme Data Collection Process I I . I Primary Data I I •a•r-y -0-at_a '~--------se_c_o~n:, ______ -J] EMU in the eovernorllte (2 1- Review for different Ecvpti•n Residents (57 per) per) reports 1 I Experts in electicity (1 per) Non Governmental 2- Review of lerlslatlons organization (2 per) ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 9- Page 5 of 19 May 2013- Project No _ 1750- HP ECGC:zyt:viD~ VS~-\r. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S."- c. Maps ami Pl10tos ami Observation Documentation with maps and photos was presented. In addition, observation for different areas was used to facilitate U1e process of community mapping. Key field questionnaire included U1e following questions: - What are U1e different socioeconomic cliteria for U1e areas? - What is the main perception towards U1e project? - What are U1e policies and legislations that have influence on U1e project? - What are U1e potential impacts of such project? - How can the project be implemented wifl1 limited dishubance for the community? - How can the NGOs and comnumity stakeholders support U1e project? - What at·e U1e main obstacles U1at might face U1e project? And how to overcome? 9.2.3 Sampling The sample was selected randomly from U1e at·eas U1at might be affected by the project h1 El-Minya. TI1e sample is considered representative, as it investigated the conditions of most targeted groups. Tinee tools were applied as follows: - Six Focus group discussion wifl1 males and females in U1e at·eas. - Two in-depU1 interviews wifl1 NGOs and social institutes. Two in-depth interviews with U1e governmental organizations (EMU manager in Minya Govemorates and Urbatl platming in Minya govemorate). In addition one in-depU1 interview with an elechic consultant in Cairo was conducted. a. Geuder of Commuuitu Sample Six focus group discussions were applied in U1e potential affected areas in Minya Govemorate. 52.6 % of U1em were females . It was obvious U1at U1e females at·e more aware about U1e elechicity status in U1e at•eas due to staying at home. Figure 9-2 shows some Females and Males participants in U1e FGDs. b. Age Distribution of Comn11miflt Sample In order to investigate a community sample U1at might reflect all points of view, diversity according to age was put into consideration. l11e age vati ed ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 9- Pag~ 6 of 19 May 2013 - Project No. 1750- HP ECG(ht:viV~tJ (piJ. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUPs A. between 18-65 years old. TI1e average was about 33.3. while tl1e mode was about 29. About 40.4% of the sample were between 20- less tl1an 30 years old. While about 19.0% of tl1e sample were between 50- less than 60. Those between 30-50 were about 28.0% of the total sample. Few of tl1e sample were of older age category. · c. Educational Status ot Con11mmitu Sample It was foreseen tl1at education is not so common in these commwuties as about 28.0% of tl1e sample were illiterate . While tl1ose who dropped out from basic inf01mation were about 33.0% of tl1e sample. Only 28.0% of the sample graduated from vocational and agliculture secondary education. Few percentage completed their university education 3.5%. TI1at should be put into consideration dwing tl1e preparation of awareness activities. d. Work Status of Connmmih1 Sample Regarding work status, the majority of the sample, who were mainly females, were housewives. Regardless of tl1eir educational level or tl1eir age. 21.1 % were fatmers wluch reflects tl1e nature of the areas where the study was implemented. 8.8 % of the sample were atnong dlivers as U1ey at·e one of tl1e potential affected groups dwing U1e consttuction of tl1e maj01ity of developmental projects. 10.5% of tl1e sample were among common workers. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Iuterconn~ctiou Ptoj~ct CH 9- Page 7 of 19 May 2013 - Proj~ct No. 1750- HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP s"- Figure 9-2 Females nnd Mnles Pnrticipnnts in f11 e FGDs ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project CH 9- Page 8 of 19 May 2013 -Project No. 1750 - HP ECGC:tili/lli~~ (JXV ENGINEERING CO IIIS ULTANTS GROUP s A. • e. Maritnl Stntus o( Collllllllllitl{ Sample About 3/4 of the sample surveyed were married, the majotity of them were females, while only 21 .1 % were single, they were mainly among males. Almost all females interviewed were manied with at least one child. f. Land Owuersllip, E:xpeuditure and Income About 33.3 % of the sample stuveyed possess lands, either tluough legal ownership or illegal. They consider having a land might be tluough renting it. Therefore, those who rent a land reported that tl1ey have lands. Regarding the expenditure and income of the FGDs participants. They were completely tulable to tell about their monthly income and expenditure due to: TI1e type of work which is relatively unstable. Live in an extended family which has only one budget. Being so young to know about such issues. It was notable that the range was between 500-3000 EGP for income and expenditme per month. With an average of 1089 and mode value of 900 EGP. TI1at might reflect the poor socioeconomic of the sample. 9.2.4 Limitations of the Sample Limitations of tl1e sample were as follows: TI1e sample stuveyed was not big, but informative. Commmlity people were ftuious due to tl1e inefficiency of electricity provision in tl1e areas. Dming scoping sessions people were so keen to get infmmation about tl1e project in order to tell about their wonies. But, tl1ey were affected by tl1e quality of electticity supplied to their areas. 9.3 POTENTIAL AFFECTED PARTIES TI1e fatmers were ratlked as tl1e first affected groups due to passing Uuough tl1eir lands in Minya Governorate. TI10se fatnlers nlight be owners of t11eir lands or just tenants. Defitlitely the project will affect theit· crops temporatily but it will not affect the productivity of their lat1ds. TI1e mait1 problem tl1at nlight face tl1e project with the affected people is tl1e possibility for mbatlization. TI1e rapid expatlSion of town's area made it possible that tl1e current agricultmallands nlight be a latld suitable for construction in tl1e neat· future (Figure 9-3). ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Inrerconn~ction Proj~cr CH 9- Page 9 of 19 May 2013 - Proj~ct No. 1750 - HP ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP s A The second ranked affected group was the microbus and small trucks (Tuc Tuc) drivers who will be delayed during the construction phase. The accumulation of constmction matetials and wastes might affect their routes. The fishetmen were a little bit worried that tl1e project might affect the fisheries life in the area. But, it was not clear if this viable or not. Fishetmen are ranked as not affected at all. Transmission Lines will cross the Nile at El-Minya segment on two high towers, one located on the eastem bank of tl1e Nile and anotl1er is located on the westem one. The project will not touch U1e Nile at all or its waters. 9.4 VULNERABLE GROUPS Vulnerable groups are tl10se people who might be susceptible to loss of income, assets and job due to tl1e implementation of the project. The sample surveyed reported different categmies of vulnerable groups. The following were reported as vulnerable groups (Table 9-2): Table 9-2 Vulnerable Groups and Mitigation Measures Vulnerable Type of impact Mitigation measures groups Farmers Affect their crops temporarily Crops should be valuated in appropriate prices and paid prior to implementation Affect their lands in case of The affected areas needed should be having an electric tower compensated for on a market price or change the tower into underground cable in order to avoid high compensation rate Workers in Might be injured The maximum safety procedures the sites should be followed Microbus and Loss of income due to the delay The routes should be addressed with small truck (Because of construction materials the traffic police and informed to the drivers and waste accumulatioil}_ drivers through signs and policemen Community Might be injured during the TI1ere should be some signs and people construction, especially, children guards w ho will keep people aw ay and older people due to digging from the areas and accumulation of construction matetials The project TI1e project construction materials Secmity guards should observe the itself might be subject to theft or constmction materials and all robbery equipments related to the project Affect the TI1e infrastructure might be Gear maps should be provided, infrastructure damaged due to digging works otherwise, excavation wholes might in the areas infom1 about the hidden infrastructure ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 9- Page 10 of19 May 2013- Proj~t No. 1750 - HP ECG~t:viV~tJ ~tr. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S A. Figure 9-3 Rnpid Construction on f11eAgriculturnl Lands ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Project CH 9- Page 11 of19 May 2013- Proj~ct No. 1750- HP I ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S A 9.5 COMPENSATIONS Compensation is a delicate and ctucial issue. TI1ere exists a capacity for great suffering if individuals are not appropriately compensated in the cases of exproptiation. However, it is difficult to discem accw·ate estimates of property and asset value. Individuals tend to request inapproptiate compensation. TI1e issue of compensation should be tackled in a comprehensive way in order to satisfy community members and remain wiUtin U1e budget of U1e project. TI1e following procedmes should be applied regarding compensation: · • Compensation should be provided to U1e owner of U1e crop regardless of ltis legal status, (U1e owner of crops ntight be U1e land tenant not necessary U1e owner of land). • A clear screening of different areas should be done plior to U1e implementati~n (maximum three monfus before the implementation) of U1e project in order to identify any possibility of arousing disputes regarding compensations. • It is the Agticultmal Association and the community people in addition to the administrative documents (if available) who provide fue information about U1e Project Affected People. • A clear documents for U1e person who received U1e compensation should be documented in order to ru·gue based on Utis documents. • TI1e person who receives U1e compensation stipulates fuat he will be responsible legally for atly disputes result from receiving U1e compensation. 9.6 COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION Commmtity participation is a main element of sustainability for any project. To ensure U1e success of the project, commmtity's role is discussed to summalize essential tasks for community members to undertake. 9.6.1 Role of Community Members NGOs and different organizatipns reported a willingness to provide support for U1e project, plimatily by raising awat-eness. They proposed to create a comprehensive awareness-raising catnpaign to help U1e commmtity address U1e following issues: • TI1e ru·eas covet-ed by U1e project. • Information about U1e prices of crops atld lands. • Clatification among community leaders as to wltich groups ru·e in need of receiving U1e compensation. ESIA for Helwau South Power Plaut Transmission Lin~ Interconnection Ptoject CH 9- Pagd 2 of 19 May 2013- Proj~ct No. 1750- HP ECGIKhicity supply and in El-Minya Govemorate. So the company will not unemploymtnt among young peoplt. Will hire them all. But some will be hired fi'mn your area the eltctricity company hh·t us at least dwing the constmction phase. But you as a er you will benefi't from the workers who will use dril• your microbus to f!O the sites. Moamen Rabtaa, Farmtr. You will corrupt Social Consultant: I don't think the COITUption is our· cr·ops and lands. And somttimts you penn anent. It is tempormily dming consh11ction phase take a big part of land I can show you your . All e..'propriated parts will be compensated. excessive expropriation. (We went to tht sitt No effect on the productivity of lands The type of towers to be used has small base like the ht> mt>ntiontd and tht>rt> was about 16 mt>ters one in this photo of land that should be compensatt>d for Mohamed Salah Omar·, lab tKhnician Social Consultant: Definitely not because it was not Tht> instability of t' lt>ctl'icity afft>ct our our project impact. I think also the Electricity appliances and madt thtm damagt>d, will compal1) will not afford such things. You should use a you comot>nsatt for it also mltage adapter ta save your appliances Taha Abu El Eioun, Farmer, Can we Social Consultant: You can do whatever you want. No irrigatt> our lands or Wt' might bt> strike by such thing might happen. You can see close to your t>lectricity areas lands are cultil'ated under electricity power with no problem Hisham Mahmoud Mohamt>d, plinciplt> Social Consultant: Thank you fo r this advice, we will You han hear-d about the theft in tht' areas put it into our consideration so you should orott>ct vour t>Quipmt>nts The majority of tht>m, We don't tr·ust Social Consultant: Now after revolution you are gl"it>vanct' systt>m in t>lectl'icity company. listened to and the World bank has restrict rules and They nt>vtr listtned to our complains regulations that emphasi:e on responding to your complains ESIA for Hdwan South Power Plant Transmission i.in~ Interconn~ction Project CH 9- Pag~ 18 of19 May 2013- Proj~ct No. 1750- HP ECGC:wW.W~l}~tr. ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROU P SA 9.9 ONGOING FACILITY FOR PUBLIC CONSULTATION ·AND DISCLOSURE The World Bank also require that U1e consultation process is ongoing during U1e construction and operation phases of the project. To this effect, EETC/EEHC has stated its commitment to maintaining long term and mutually beneficial open dialogue wiU1 local auU1o1ities, agricultural, industrial and commercial interests and local people, Uuough its Safety and Environment Officer during construction and Assistant Project Manager during operation. A key role of this post consultation will be to ensure U1at local stakeholders have an opportunity to raise questions, comments or concems and U1at all issues raised are answered promptly and accurately. Disclosure of infom1ation will also continue Uuoughout project conshuction and operation. TI1e primary emphasis here will be to assure stakeholders that the environmental mitigation, monitoting and management practices established· in the ESIA and its ESMP al'e being implemented and the environmental standards and guidelines dictated by the Egyptian government alld the World Ballk al'e being met tluough a comprehensive monitoting alld reporting process. EETC/EEHC is required under the Egyptiall law, to maintain all Environment Register of written records witl1 respect to envimmnental impacts from the project. In addition, all annual report containing teclmical data relating to the monitoring program will be prepal·ed by tl1e EETC/EEHC and submitted to U1e EEHC, EEAA alld the WB. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line lnterco1111ection Project CH9- Page19of19 May 2013- Project No. 1750 - HP ECG l-tr1ihJ~l) ~a, ~ ENGINEER! G CONSULTANTS GROUP s... REFERENCES 1. 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G CONSULTANTS GROUP~" 17. Anderson, J. R. ; Hardy, E. T. ; Roach, J. T. and Witmer, R. E. (1976) : A Land-use and Land-cover Classificntion System for· use with Remote Sensor Data. U. S. Geological Swv ey Professional Paper %4. 18. El Araby, H., and Sultan, M. (2000): lutegmted sezsnnc risk map of Egypt, Seismological Research Letters, v . 71, p . 52-65. 19. Hammad, F. A (1980) : Geonwrplwlogicnl mul hydrogeological aspects of Deltn Egypt (ARE.), Arulals Geol. Swv of Egypt Vol. IX, pp. 700-720. 20. Morency, R E., J, (1998) : Tite Hydrology of the South Deltn ,Egypt in: Growtdwater Potential of the Delta, Egypt, Edited by F. El-Baz et al., Ministry Agticulture and Land Reclamation, Ccril'O, Egypt. 21. El-Zawaluy, A , M. H. El-Gamal, Y. E. Imam (2004) : Hydrogeological M odeling Tasks (3) 29-32, W adi Qena Developing Renewable Groundwater· Resources in A nd Laud, Pilot Case, Tiw Eastern Desert of EgJjpt. 22. 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Stacy & H. E. Balbach (1993): Erwironmental A ssessment; Me Graw-Hill, Inc., New York 32. General Director for Information Center, El-Minya Governorate (2009): Datn on tlw El-M inya, iucludiug Sa11mllout A Tea; htformation and Decision Support Center, Headquarter, El-Minya Governorate. ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project ECG May 2013 -Project No. 1750 - H.P Ref 2 ECG lt~~o~$\.f. ENGINEERI G CONSULt TS GROUP s A 33. Commercial Services Corporation (CSC) (March 2012): Physical Environmental Setting of the Zah raa Al-Maadi I Snmallout Iuterc01mectiou Project A rea. 34. Prof. Dr. Kamal T. Hindy and OU1ers (Febmary 2012) : Baseline Study of A ir Qunlihj iu A rens SwTozmdiug the Znhraa A l-Mnadi I Smnallout Intercomzectiou Project Area; National Research Center, State Ministry of Scientific Research. 35. MB Consultant (March 2012): N oise M ensuremm ts and Predictiou for Znhraa A l-Mnadil Smnnllout In terconnection Project A rea nud Substation at tlze Znlzraa A l-M nndi and Samallout Zone; Ain Shams University, Faculty of Engineering. 36. Dr. Malrmoud Hussein Ahmed (April 2012): Proposed Znlzran Al-M andi I Smnnllout Transmission Line nud Substations Project: Laud-use & Ecological Baseline and Impact A ssessment (Teneshi al Ecolog~j) Stltdy; National AuU10lity for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences (NARSS), Minishy of High education, Scientific Research & Technology. 37. Engineering Consultants Group (ECG) (March 2012): Zahraa Al-Mnndi I Smnallout Transmission Line and Substations Project, Resettlement PoliCIJ Framework. 38. Engineering Consultants Group (ECG) (April 2012): Socio-economic Baseline aud Impact Study for tl1e Zahran Al-Maadi I Smnallout Transmission Line nnd Substations Pmject. 39. KLC LAW Firm, Matt MacDonald, Louis Berger, Kantor Management Consultants (October 2007) : Constmctiou of tlze 750 kV Rivm N PP-Kyiv Overhead Transmission Liw: with an Ex teusiou of the 750 kV Overlzead Trausmission Line from Khmelnitsk NPP, Euvimmnentnl aud Social Impact A ssessment (ESIA). 40. Egyptian Elechicity Transmission Company (March 2010): Samallout I Suez Gulf I Jabal El-Zayt 500 kV lutercomzection Project, Scoped ESIA . ESIA for Helwan South Power Plant Transmission Line Interconnection Project ECG May 2013- Project No. 1750 - H.P Ref. 3