E4650 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS AND MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK DOCUMENT Skopje, September 2014 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS AND MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK DOCUMENT Mrs. Slavjanka Pejcinovska - Andonova, B.Sc. Chemical technology engineer Environmental Consultant within the MSIP team SKOPJE September, 2014 2 Table of Contents 1. ABBREVIATIONS....................................................................................................................................................... 6 2. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................................. 8 3. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION ABOUT MACEDONIA ............................................................ 11 4. BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL DATA......................................................................................................................... 14 4.1 WATER SUPPLY.......................................................................................................................................................... 14 4.2 WASTE WATER TREATMENT......................................................................................................................................... 15 4.3 WASTE MANAGEMENT ................................................................................................................................................ 17 4.4 AIR EMISSIONS AND AIR QUALITY................................................................................................................................... 18 4.5 NOISE ...................................................................................................................................................................... 19 5. OVERVIEW OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL LEGAL FRAMEWORK IN MACEDONIA ......................................................... 20 5.1 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL LEGISLATION .......................................................................................... 20 5.1.1 Air quality ......................................................................................................................................................... 21 5.1.2 Waste management ......................................................................................................................................... 21 5.1.3 Water management ......................................................................................................................................... 21 5.1.4 Noise ................................................................................................................................................................. 21 5.1.5 Nature protection ............................................................................................................................................. 22 5.1.6 Regulation on local (municipal) level ................................................................................................................ 22 5.1.7 National Environmental Policy ......................................................................................................................... 22 6. RELEVANT ENVIRONMENTAL INSTITUTIONAL SET UP ............................................................................................ 32 6.1 LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT .......................................................................................................................................... 32 6.2 REVIEW OF SERVICES PROVIDED BY COMMUNAL SERVICE ENTERPRISES (PROVIDERS) .............................................................. 33 7. NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT PROCEDURE FOR THE PROJECT DEVELOPMENT .................... 35 7.1 SCREENING: .............................................................................................................................................................. 35 7.2 SCOPING: ................................................................................................................................................................. 35 7.3 PREPARATION OF EIA STUDY: ...................................................................................................................................... 37 7.3.1 Public Disclosure: .............................................................................................................................................. 37 7.3.2 EIA Review & Decisions: .................................................................................................................................... 37 7.3.3 Public involvement into the EIA procedure: ...................................................................................................... 37 7.3.4 Institutional setup within the EIA procedure .................................................................................................... 38 7.3.5 National procedure for environmental assessment of small scale projects ..................................................... 40 8. WORLD BANK SAFEGUARDS PROCEDURES ............................................................................................................ 42 8.1 OP/BP 4.01 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT.................................................................................................................. 42 8.2 OP/BP 4.04 NATURAL HABITATS ................................................................................................................................ 42 8.3 OP/BP 4.11 PHYSICAL CULTURAL RESOURCES ............................................................................................................... 43 8.4 OP/BP 4.36 FORESTRY .............................................................................................................................................. 43 8.5 OP/BP 4.12 INVOLUNTARY RESETTLEMENT ................................................................................................................... 43 8.6 IFC ENVIRONMENTAL, HEALTH AND SAFETY GUIDELINES ................................................................................................... 43 9. MUNICIPAL SERVICE IMPROVEMENT PROJECT DESCRIPTION ................................................................................ 44 9.1 PROJECT OBJECTIVE .................................................................................................................................................... 44 9.2 PROJECT COMPONENTS .............................................................................................................................................. 44 9.3 STATUS OF MSIP IMPLEMENTATION .............................................................................................................................. 45 3 9.4 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT WITHIN THE MSIP ........................................................................................................... 46 10. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ............................................................................................................................... 52 11. ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION AND MONITORING PLANS ............................................................................... 54 11.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION PLAN FOR THE PROJECT - EXTENSION, RECONSTRUCTION/CONSTRUCTION OF WATER SUPPLY NETWORK, STORM WATER NETWORK, SEWERAGE NETWORK OR CONSTRUCTION OF DRINKING WATER RESERVOIR ...................................... 54 11.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION PLAN FOR THE PROJECT – CONSTRUCTION OF SMALL SCALE WASTE WATER TREATMENT PLANT ...... 58 11.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION PLAN FOR THE PROJECT - REHABILITATION/RECONSTRUCTION OR CONSTRUCTION OF VARIOUS LOCAL STREET/ LOCAL ROAD ............................................................................................................................................................... 65 11.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION PLAN FOR THE PROJECT – PROVIDING BASIC EQUIPMENT FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF PUBLIC HYGIENE (VEHICLES FOR COLLECTION OF COMMUNAL WASTE AND PROCUREMENT OF WASTE CONTAINERS) ........................................................... 68 11.5 ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION PLAN FOR THE PROJECT – REPLACEMENT OF THE STREET LIGHTING ............................................. 71 11.6 ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION PLAN FOR THE PROJECT – CONSTRUCTION/RECONSTRUCTION OF SCHOOL BUILDING...................... 75 12. MONITORING PLANS ......................................................................................................................................... 82 12.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN FOR THE PROJECT - EXTENSION, RECONSTRUCTION/CONSTRUCTION OF WATER SUPPLY NETWORK, STORM WATER NETWORK, SEWERAGE NETWORK OR CONSTRUCTION OF DRINKING WATER RESERVOIR ...................................... 82 12.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN FOR THE PROJECT – CONSTRUCTION OF WASTE WATER TREATMENT PLANT ...................... 88 12.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN FOR THE PROJECT – REHABILITATION/RECONSTRUCTION/CONSTRUCTION OF LOCAL STREET OR LOCAL ROAD........................................................................................................................................................................... 95 12.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN FOR THE PROJECT – PROVIDING BASIC EQUIPMENT FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF PUBLIC HYGIENE (VEHICLES FOR COLLECTION OF COMMUNAL WASTE AND PROCUREMENT OF WASTE CONTAINERS) ........................................................... 97 12.5 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN FOR THE PROJECT - REPLACEMENT OF THE STREET LIGHTING ..........................................103 12.6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN FOR THE PROJECT – CONSTRUCTION/RECONSTRUCTION OF THE SCHOOL/KINDERGARTEN BUILDING 109 ANNEX 1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCREENING CHECK LIST .....................................................................................................................118 ANNEX 2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT ......................................................................................................................121 ANNEX 3 MINUTES OF PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETING ORGANIZED ON 26.8.2014 .........................................................................122 List of figures Figure 1: Municipalities in the Republic of Macedonia.......................................................................................................... 12 Figure 2 Statistical planning regions in Macedonia ............................................................................................................... 13 Figure 3 Drinking water supply system for households in Macedonia ................................................................................... 14 Figure 4: Waste water connection to various installations .................................................................................................... 15 Figure 5 EIA procedure in the Republic of Macedonia ............................................................................................................ 36 Figure 6 Public hearing during the EIA Study preparation according national legislation ..................................................... 38 Figure 7 EIA small-scale projects national requirements........................................................................................................ 41 Figure 8 Environmental Management System in Project Life Cycle ....................................................................................... 52 List of Tables Table 1 Statistical regions and population ............................................................................................................................. 13 Table 2 Sewage facilities in Macedonia (2002) ...................................................................................................................... 15 Table 3 Waste water treatment plants in Macedonia............................................................................................................ 16 Table 4 Key relevant national environmental and social related legislation .......................................................................... 24 Table 5 Number of municipalities and Communal Service Enterprises (Providers) for water supply and waste water collection and treatment in Republic of Macedonia................................................................................................. 34 Table 6 Roles and Responsibilities of the stakeholders in the EIA procedure ......................................................................... 38 4 Table 7 Roles and Responsibilities of the stakeholders in the EIA procedure (EIA Report - Elaborate) .................................. 41 Table 8 Project category and type of project activities within the MSIP (status June 2014) .................................................. 45 Table 9 Additional possible type of projects activities for the next period ............................................................................. 46 Table 10 Categorization of project activities within MSIP (existing and additional) according the national legislation ....... 48 Table 11 Safeguard policies triggered by the MSIP project existing and additional) ............................................................ 50 Table 12 Impact assessment - Consequence ......................................................................................................................... 53 Table 13 Impact assessment - Likelihood .............................................................................................................................. 53 5 1. ABBREVIATIONS ADKOM - Association for Communal Service Enterprise AE (MoEPP) - Administration for Environment within MoEPP BAT - Best Available Technics CSEs - Communal Service Enterprises DOO - Limited Liability Company EA - Environmental Assessment EIA - Environmental Impact Assessment EC - European Commission EMFD - Environmental Assessment and Management Framework Document EMP - Environmental Management Plan ESIA- Environmental and Social Impact Assessment EU - European Union GDP - Gross Domestic Product IFI -International Finance Institution IPA -Instrument for Pre-Accession IPARD - Instrument for Pre-Accession for Rural Development IPPC - Integrated Pollution Prevention Control LSG - Local Self-Government MAFWE - Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Economy MoEPP - Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning MoE - Ministry of Economy MoF - Ministry of Finance MoH - Ministry of Health MSIP- Municipal Services Improvement Project MTC - Ministry of Transport and Communications NEAP - National Environment Action Plan NGO - Non-Governmental Organization NUTS - Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistic OP - Operational Policies 6 PAD - Project Appraisal Document PMU - Project Management Unit PE - Public Enterprise RM - Republic of Macedonia SAA - Stabilization and Association Agreement SEA - Sectorial Environmental Assessment/Strategic Environmental Assessment TA - Technical Assistance ToR - Terms of References VOC - Volatile Organic Compound WB - World Bank WEEE - Waste of electric and electronic equipment WHO - World Health Organization WWTPS - Waste Water Treatment Plants ZELS - Association of local self-governments units 7 2. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Since 2006 when the decentralization started, the municipalities in Republic of Macedonia (80 municipalities and City of Skopje) are responsible for providing different services to the local population (e.g., public services and communal activities as well as environmental protection, local financing and social care). The municipalities are facing great challenges in obtaining financial sustainability delivering quality service to their citizens due to the rigid tariff control, neglected maintenance of the already installed pipeline networks or waste water treatment plants, over-employment and poor financial management. Following decentralization, municipalities need to improve their own revenue mobilization and management of expenditure, especially for new investments. These investments will contribute to the improvement in performance in service provisions and strengthening municipalities’ functions and competences already legally regulated. The Republic of Macedonia has requested the World Bank’s assistance in addressing these challenges and the loan of 75 M USD has been signed to support municipal investments, capacity building and institutional strengthening activities, to deliver performance grants after successful implementation of the investments by the municipalities and to provide proper project management and communication with municipalities. The Municipal Services Improvement Project for Macedonia started in 2009 with main goal to improve transparency, financial sustainability, and delivery of targeted municipal services in the participating municipalities in the country. The Ministry of Finance has established the Project Implementation Unit for smoothly implementation of the project and assistance to the municipality to prepare all necessary project documentation according to WB and national legislation According the World Bank Environmental Safeguard – Operational Procedure 4.0.1, the Bank requires Environmental Assessment of projects proposed to be financed with Bank loan in order to ensure that the projects are environmentally sound and apply sustainable improving decision-making process. With reference to WB Environmental Assessment policy at the beginning of the Municipal Service Improvement Project in Macedonia in 2008, the Environmental Assessment and Management Framework Document (EMFD) was prepared and disclosure procedure was performed in order to identify the adverse environmental impacts of future small-scale (Category B) projects with site-specific impacts that could be overcome with proposed mitigation measures. The Environmental Management Framework Document (EMFD) aimed to identify the range of required environmental management measures that need to be taken during the planning, design and operation phases of small scale infrastructure sub- projects within the scope of Municipal services improvement project in Republic of Macedonia, in order to ensure compliance with the national and WB requirements related to environmental impact assessment procedures and national legislation. The EMFD served as guidance for the municipalities and their environmental consultants during the preparation of the Project Appraisal Document to identify all possible environmental, health, occupational and community risks occurred as a result of sub-projects implementation. Based on EMFD the contract-specific Environmental Mitigation Plan and Monitoring Plan were prepared as a part of Contract signed between the municipality and Sub-Contractor. The Sub-Contractor was obliged to implement the proposed environmental and OH&S mitigation measures and the Supervisor to monitor the implementation on proper way. 8 After several years of active implementation of the project activities, there is a need of EMFD upgrade taking into account the extension of the scope of the municipality’s request for financing. In the period 2009-2014 the municipalities applied with small scale projects which lead to the improvement of living conditions on local level (extension, reconstruction or construction of drinking water supply network, minor improvements of the sewage systems, storm water networks, reconstruction or construction of local streets, roads, street lighting, etc). However, new project activities have been prioritized by the community (e.g., construction of small scale WWTP) and those were not covered in the EMFD that was prepared in 2008. Also, the EU IPA for Rural Development financial instrument are planned to be utilized through the MSIP Project and several new project activities may be expected. This updated Environmental Management Framework Document (EMFD) will continue to provide general policies, guidelines, codes of practice and procedures to be integrated into the implementation of the all sub-projects submitted by the municipalities for financing. At the same time it will be a “road map” for teams who are preparing the Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plans with main aim to provide the sustainability of the local community through protection of the environment and human health and infrastructure development. In the updated EMFD the lessons learned from almost four years practical experience within the MSIP project implementation in Macedonia are included as well. The main Chapters within the updated Environmental Management Framework Document are: • INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION ABOUT MACEDONIA The Chapter provides general information about natural characteristics of the Republic of Macedonia in terms of geographical characteristics, climate and water resources, and basic demographic and microeconomic data. The overview of the decentralization process including number of municipalities and statistical planning regions in the country is also provided. • BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL DATA Chapter provides background information on need for small scale infrastructure projects on local level and outlines some of the main environmental challenges and sensitive sectors in Macedonia. The focus is placed, among others, on the water sector (drinking water supply, sewage systems and waste water treatment plants), waste management, air emissions and air quality and noise. • OVERVIEW OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL LEGAL FRAMEWORK IN MACEDONIA The Chapter describes relevant national environmental and social policies, legislation and standards relevant to the MSIP Project, as well as multilateral agreements and conventions signed/ratified by the Republic of Macedonia. The main parts of the relevant local self- governmental legislation are also presented in this section. • RELEVANT ENVIRONMENTAL INSTITUTIONAL SET UP The main roles and responsibilities of governmental and local self-government level administration in reference to environmental protection, EIA procedure and public services are provided in this Chapter. It also describes the role of the Public Service Providers providing communal services on local level. 9 • NATIONAL EIA PROCEDURE The Chapter describes the national EIA procedure (including different steps of screening, scoping, development of EIA Study, public participation and public disclosure) and institutional setup within the EIA procedure. The Chapter contains brief description and “processing” scheme of the national procedure for environmental impact assessment of small-scale projects. • WB SAFEGUARD PROCEDURES The brief overview of the relevant World Bank safeguard procedures developed and implemented across the world, and applied in this Project, with the main aim to ensure prevention, mitigation and compensation in case of adverse impacts of project development to environmental conditions, is provided in this Chapter. • MUNICIPAL SERVICE IMPROVEMENT PROJECT DESCRIPTION The summary of the main goals, objectives of the MSIP Project, status of implementation of small-scale infrastructure projects, type of sub-projects (implemented in the period 2009- 2013) and additional possible type of sub-project activities and generic environmental assessments within the process of MSIP implementation is provided. • ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS The Chapter describes the Environmental Management System in the Project Life Cycle and criteria (consequences and likelihood) that need to be applied during the environmental and social impact assessment for each specific small scale project. • ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION PLAN Within this Chapter the generic Environmental Mitigation Plans for several relevant sub- projects are provided (e.g., extension, reconstruction /construction of water supply network, storm water network, sewage network, rehabilitation/reconstruction or construction of local roads, streets, construction of waste water treatment plants, etc). These EMPS contain mitigation measures and institutions responsible for their implementation. • ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN The Chapter contains the generic Environmental Monitoring Plans for all sub-project types for which the Environmental Mitigation Plans were developed. Each Monitoring Plan present the parameters that need to be monitored, reason why the parameter should be monitored, responsible body and frequency of monitoring. • ANNEXES In Annex 1 the template of the Environmental Screening Check List is provided and in Annex 2 the template of Environmental Monitoring Report is presented. In Annex 3 the Summary of Minutes of Public consultation meeting held on 26.8.2014 in Skopje is presented. The consultation meeting was organized to present the updated version of the Environmental Assessments and Management Framework Document for the MSIP Project and to ensure the active public participation through collection of public comments, opinions and remarks on the matter. 10 3. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION ABOUT MACEDONIA Republic of Macedonia is a country located in the central Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe with a total area of 25,713 km2 and 2,022,547 inhabitants, according to the 2002 Census. It has 748km of borders, shared with Serbia, Kosovo, Bulgaria, Greece and Albania. The country's capital is Skopje with 506,926 inhabitants. The geographical position of the country is very favorable and it is significant cross roads linking several countries in the Balkans and this part of Europe. Important traffic corridor is corridor 8 and 10, as well as the international highway E - 75 road M5 and international railway. The country is 80% mountainous, rising to its highest point at Mountain Korab (peak 2,764 meters) with the lowest elevation (44m) on the Vardar River at the border with Greece. Three climatic types overlap in the country: Mediterranean, moderately continental and mountainous, producing hot, dry summers and cold, snowy winters. The Republic of Macedonia is a landlocked country that is geographically defined by a central valley formed by the Vardar River and framed along its borders by mountain ranges. The Republic's terrain is mostly rugged, located between the Shara and Rhodope mountains, with the valley of Vardar between them. Three large lakes — Lake Ohrid, Lake Prespa and Dojran Lake — lie on the southern borders of the Republic, bisected by the frontiers with Albania and Greece. Lake Ohrid is considered to be one of the oldest lakes and biotopes in the world. The natural conditions in the Republic of Macedonia (geology, relief, climate, hydrography, soil, flora, fauna) make it one of the rare countries in Europe with wealth of natural values. At the end of 2013 the designated area network comprises 81 areas, with total area of 231,385.6 ha or around 9% of the territory of Macedonia. Most of it falls into the category national parks with around 4.5% (3 National Parks: Mavrovo, Galichica and Pelister), natural monuments with 2.74% and the multipurpose area Jasen with 1.05% of the national territory. With more than 18,000 taxa of flora, fauna and fungi – 900 endemites, Macedonia has very rich and highly valued biodiversity. The agricultural land, which includes the cultivable land and the pastures, takes about 56.2% of the total area. The forests spread on around 43.8% of the total area of the country. Republic of Macedonia is considered rich in water resources and it has recorded and mapped 4,414 springs in total, with overall annual capacity reaching 6.63 billion m3 water. From hydrological point of view, the country belongs to three water basins, namely: Adriatic Sea (15% of the territory) with the main entry watercourse being the river Crn Drim; Aegean Sea (85% of the territory) with the rivers Vardar and Strumica as the major watercourses; Black Sea, the basin of which has insignificant territory. Vardar is the largest river with around 80% of the total water outrun from Macedonia with overall length of 388km (301 km in the country). 11 The statistical data on the macroeconomic indicators shows that for 2013 the gross domestic product (GDP) is 7,457 million EUR (nominal) and the GDP/inhabitant is 3,581 EUR. The most important economic sectors in Macedonia, according to the statistical data, are: mineral extraction and metal processing industries, telecommunications, production of automotive parts and electronic products, trade, agriculture and food production and beverage production. The significant exports products are: automotive components (catalysts, capacitors, and electronic boards), hoses, buses, steel, textile, ferro silica, lead, zinc, ferro nickel, tobacco, lamb and wine. The unemployment in 2012 was approximately 31%. The strategic orientation of the Government of Republic of Macedonia is its full integration into the EU. The candidate country status for accession in the European Union and its membership in the World Trade Organization have created conditions for greater opening of the economy towards the international global market, fostering of investments, strengthening of GDP and by all these – prosperity of the national economy. The Stabilization and Association Agreement between the European Communities and their Member States and Republic of Macedonia was signed on 9 April 2001 and entered into force on 1 April 2004. Macedonia was granted candidate country status for EU membership in 2005. In 2006 the process of decentralization started with delegation and transferred of plenty of rights and responsibilities to the Local self-Governments and currently there are 80 municipalities and the City of Skopje, which is a district unit of local self-government that consists of 10 municipalities (Aerodrom, Karpos, Cair, Gazi Baba, Gjorce Petrov, Saraj, Suto Orizari, Kisela Voda, Centar and Butel) who have jurisdiction for different obligations in order to provide sustainable and healthy life of their citizens. There are 43 urban municipalities and 37 rural municipalities. In total there are 1767 settlements and 34 cities in the Republic of Macedonia. The municipalities in Macedonia are presented on Figure 1. Figure 1: Municipalities in the Republic of Macedonia 12 The main competences of the municipalities are in the following areas: a) urban planning, b) environmental protection, c) communal activities, d) education – primary and secondary schools, e) social protection and health care – primary health care and kindergartens and homes for old people, f) sport and recreation – local sport facilities, g) culture and others. For better economic development and statistical purposes, the Republic of Macedonia is divided into eight statistical planning regions (shown on Figure 2). These regions are listed in Table 1 and Figure 2. Table 1 Statistical regions and population Statistical Planning Population Region Skopje 571,040 Pelagonija 221,019 Polog 304,125 Eastern region 203,213 South-eastern region 171,416 North-eastern region 173,814 South-western region 221,651 Vardar 133,248 Figure 2 Statistical planning regions in Macedonia 13 4. BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL DATA The Republic of Macedonia faces similar problems in the environmental sectors to those of many other economies in the Central and Eastern Europe region. There is a poor air and surface water quality (the air quality is an issue for bigger cities especially in the winter season) in some regions as a result of old industry technology process equipment and energy production installations, old vehicle fleet and lack of state-of- the art technology solutions, weak regulatory, monitoring and enforcement framework. There is also so called historical pollution of soil, water and air from the disposal of industrial hazardous waste from industry and mining operations which are potential risks to the human health and impact to the biodiversity. 4.1 WATER SUPPLY According the census of Population, Households and Dwellings from 2002, the household in RM are supplied with drinking water from: public water pipeline, other ways (outside the dwelling), private air compressed water tank, etc. Data shows that 88.9% of the total number of individual households (564,296) and 597,014 of dwellings (or 86% from total number of dwellings 698,143) are supplied with drinking water from public water pipeline (Figure 3). Number of population connected to public water supply system is 1,200,000 inhabitants. Figure 3 Drinking water supply system for households in Macedonia Drinking water supply system for households in Macedonia 2% 4% 3% public water pipeline (in the 5% dwelling) private air compressed water tank (in the dwelling) public water pipeline (out of the dwelling) 86% well other ways (out of the dwelling) Source: State statistical office, Environmental Statistics 2013 Data from 2014 (Project “Development of Water Tariff Study for Republic of Macedonia) shows that 91% of the total number of individual households (564,296) are supplied with drinking water from public water pipeline. In the period 2008-2012 the range of coverage with drinking water supply for the individual households is in the range of 76% for 1-10,000 size bands, 99% for 10-50,000 size band and 100% for 50-100,000 size band. 14 Sanitary-hygienic condition of the drinking water is within the limits of the expected quality (91.5%-95% of samples are safe), as well as physical-chemical (only 3.4% to 7.5% of samples are unsafe) and microbiological conditions (only 0.8% to 1.6% of samples are unsafe). Lack of safe drinking water causes potential risks to human health due to the waterborne diseases, increase of medical costs, absents of work, etc. Some of the existing drinking water supply systems are old, there are water losses and there are illegal connections. Usually small settlements have problems with lack of drinking water supply system, or there is a need of extension or reconstruction of the existing system, or there are not water meters installed in order to register the amount of water used (and the water fees paid by the residents is a lump-sum amount on annually basis and it does not depend on water consumption). 4.2 WASTE WATER TREATMENT The Census data collected in 2002 show that 40.1% of the total number of dwellings do not have sewage installation for proper connection to the public sewage system. 59.9% of dwellings are connected to the public sewage system and approx. 21% of the dwellings have their own septic tanks performing periodic cleaning. The overview of the number of households and dwellings with the various ways of waste water disposal installations according the census data (2002) are presented on the Table 2 and Figure 4 below. Table 2 Sewage facilities in Macedonia (2002) Number of households/dwellings Sewage facilities Total number of Free households Total number Public Septic No waste of dwellings sewage tanks installations water 564,296 697,520 417,653 143,353 85,007 51,516 Figure 4: Waste water connection to various installations 15 Currently estimated rate of waste water collection (according the research within the EU funded Project “Development of National water tariff Study in Macedonia”) is 73% of the population with several size band for the period 2008-2012: a) 50-57% for the settlement up to 10,000 population; b) 76-82% for the settlement in the range 10,000 – 50,000 population; c) 75-90% for the settlement in the range 50,000 – 100,000 population; d) 70% for the settlements in the range 500,000 – 1,000,000 population. There is a lack of urban waste water treatment plants and industrial waste water treatment facilities across the country. The production installations are obliged according the IPPC permit to be in line with the Law on waters and to collect and treat the waste waters related to the type of production and quality of the recipient water body. The IPPC installations need to follow the BAT guidance for particular industry sector. Related to the urban waste waters the construction of WWTPs started few years ago and there are approx. 20% of population covered with urban waste water treatment systems. Unfortunately, due to the lack of financial sources for operational and maintenance costs, some of the small WWTPs are not currently operational. The list with overview of the WWTPs in Macedonia for urban waste water treatment has been presented on Table 3. Table 3 Waste water treatment plants in Macedonia Population Location/City/Settlement equivalent Condition (p.e.) Berovo 14,000 Operational Kumanovo 90,000 Operational Makedonski Brod 5,000 Operational Ohrid and Struga 120,000 Operational (settlement Vranishte) Prilep 95.000 Prepared Sveti Nikole 17.500 Under reconstruction (to be completed during 2014) Resen (settlement Ezerani) 12,000 Operational Dojran (settlement Nov 12,000 Operational Dojran) Rankovce (for the Constructed in 2008. Not operational yet due to lack of settlements Petralica – 1,500 households connected Ginovce) Constructed in 2011. Not operational due problems to Saraj 10,000 maintenance of equipment Cucer Sandevo (for the settlements Brazda, Gluvo 9,000 Operational and Mirkovci) Ilinden (two WWTPs for the settlements Ilinden and 1,250 each Operational Kadino) Dolneni 3,200 Operational 16 Population Location/City/Settlement equivalent Condition (p.e.) Krivogastani Small-village Operational Gevgelija 2.500 Under construction Karbinci Small village Total ~400,000 ~20% of population The lack of waste water treatment systems causes direct adverse impact to the surface and ground waters, affecting water status and makes influence to the water living organisms and makes water improper for other uses. The untreated waste waters make direct influence to the economy losses via decrease of fishery, tourism, agriculture, etc. The discharge of untreated waste waters causes potential risks to the human health through the pollution of agricultural land and food chain consumption. There is a real need for extension of the storm water networks across the country because the existing lack of enough storm water systems causes frequent flooding during heavy rains with direct implication to the road, street asphalt, greenery, electricity network on the streets and parking cars near the streets. 4.3 WASTE MANAGEMENT According the official statistical data the total amount of generated municipal waste in 2012 was 786,909 tones and the amount of collected municipal waste 555,760 tones. The annual amount of generated municipal waste per person in 2012 was 382kg, or 1.04kg per day. The total amount of generated municipal waste in the Republic of Macedonia in 2013 was 792,785 tones. The annual amount of generated municipal waste per person in 2013 was 384 kg per person, which is 1% more than in 2012. The highest amount of collected municipal waste was registered in the Skopje Region – 147,220 tones, or 26% of the total collected amount in the Republic of Macedonia. Of the total amount of collected municipal waste 79% were collected from households, and the remaining 21% from legal entities – commercial and public buildings (commercial waste). The municipal lid waste collection system covers 77% of the national population There are 4 companies specialized for collection of the packaging waste mainly from drinking water and beverages bottles, food products package, cosmetics and pharmaceutical package. Generally, there is no formally organized separation of any type of waste, but there are informal collectors of scrap metals, PET, paper, accumulators, etc. Scrap metals and PET bottles represent the biggest part of the collected recyclable materials. Several companies collect the recycle waste streams and export to the region for further processing. Almost all collected municipal solid waste goes to the 47 municipal landfills across Macedonia (99.74%), the rest has been recycled. Only the Skopje landfill “Drisla –Skopje” DOO fulfills the minimum criteria prescribed in the national and EU landfill criteria. All others do not comply with any technical and/or environmental standards; landfills represent risks for the pollution of air, soil, surface water and groundwater, as well as potential risks for 17 biodiversity, agricultural land and human health due to deposition of mixed hazardous and non-hazardous waste. Active municipal waste landfills in Macedonia are categorized according to the assessment of their environmental risk. 16 landfills are ranked with high risk, 16 with medium risk, and the rest with low environmental risk. According the National Waste Management Strategy (2008 - 2020) the regional approach to the municipal solid waste management was proposed and in the period 2011 till now several practical steps toward regional waste management were made. Several Regional Public Enterprises for municipal waste management (Regional Waste Management Body) were founded in few regions and the capacity building scheme was launched. Currently there is a project implementing in the Eastern and North-eastern regions on strengthening the capacity of the Regional Waste Management Body on integrated regional waste management practices and preparation of the Regional Waste Management Plans. In general the plan is when the regional landfill would be built the municipal landfills (after the remediation measures used) to be used as a transfer stations. Currently the main issues on local level with lack of proper municipal solid waste management are: a) significant portion of the population (rural settlements) is not covered by the communal service, b) no primary selection on the source of waste generation, c) old waste vehicle fleet (average more than 25 years old communal trucks with high fuel consumption and frequently need of service and procurement of spare parts), d) lack of specialized waste trucks or machines for efficient street, sewer cleaning and snow cleaning, vehicles for carrying construction materials, etc., e) some existing used waste trucks cannot be driven on the small streets in the settlements, f) there is no proper fencing, lighting, security guarding on the location for municipal landfill for municipal solid waste, g) some municipalities do not have separate municipal inert waste landfill dedicated only to the disposal of inert waste, h) there is a lack of public awareness of the population on potential human health risks and environmental risks during the improper disposal of the various waste streams (near rivers, roads, on agricultural land, near wells, etc. 4.4 AIR EMISSIONS AND AIR QUALITY Ambient air quality in Macedonia is constantly burdened by all consisting factors of a modern society. This includes production of food and energy, agriculture, households (usage of fuels for cooking, heating, air conditioning, etc.), industrial capacities and transport. Sectors energy, industry and transport hold the largest share of significant sources of pollutants emissions. Energy sector has greatest contribution to the generation of the total sulphur dioxide emissions (72% in 2001 to 99% in 2009), generates around 60% of the total annual nitrogen oxides emissions, 21% of the total annual volatile organic compound emissions and major part of the total generated solid particulate emissions (87% in 2001 up to 92% in 2009). Industry contributes around 28% to the total annual emissions of sulphur dioxide, around 14% to the total annual emissions of nitrogen oxides, and it has high share (38%) in the annual emissions of volatile organic compounds and contributes to the generation of around 60% of the annual emissions of solid particles. Transport is also significant source of air pollution, and the main emitters are the internal combustion engines installed in different transportation vehicles. They contribute to share in nitrogen oxides emissions (within the range of 32-47% in the period 2001-2009) and volatile 18 organic compounds in the range of 38-43% in the same period), and lower share in the generation of sulphur dioxide and solid particles. The Ambient Air Quality in Macedonia varies according to the location of the measuring point with main contribution to the quality of ambient air affected by the concentration of population, the vicinity of industrial capacities, type of production and type of produced products, production of energy, transport of goods and people. There is a state air quality monitoring network consists of 20 automatic monitoring stations (measuring on line concentrations of SO2 [µg/m3], NO2, NOx, NO [µg/m3], CO [mg/ m3], O3 - ozone [µg/m3], SPM – suspended particulate matters (PM 10/opt. PM 2.5) expressed in µg/m3. The heavy metals (arsenic, nickel, cadmium) have been monitored as well. 4.5 NOISE The biggest sources of noise disturbance come from the transport sector (road vehicles, railway and air traffic), industrial activities and construction activities especially in the urban areas and sensitive areas. Noise measurement and monitoring are necessary for achieving and maintaining environmental noise levels within the limits that the regulations have defined for four types of areas in accordance to their human activity uses and the degree of protection against noise deemed necessary for each of those uses. These areas are: • Area with a first degree of noise protection, includes areas of tourism and recreation, areas near health institutions for hospital treatment, and areas of national parks and natural reserves; • Area with a second degree of noise protection, includes areas primarily intended for residential use, residential districts, areas in the vicinity of educational institutions, educational facilities and social protection services for adults and children; • Area with a third degree of noise protection, correspond to an area where some human activities with noise disturbance are accepted. These include commercial areas, areas with mixed housing/residential, craft activities and production activities (combined areas); • Area with fourth degree of noise protection, correspond to an area in which actions are allowed that can cause the appearance of greater environmental noise. It includes non - residential areas exclusively intended for industrial activities. The noise limit values for each of above mentioned areas are prescribed within the national legislation. 19 5. OVERVIEW OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL LEGAL FRAMEWORK IN MACEDONIA 5.1 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL LEGISLATION Recognizing the damaging effects of environmental pollution on human beings and the quality of life, the Republic of Macedonia has developed constitutional provisions that guarantee the right to a healthy environment. Article 43 of the Constitution of the Republic of Macedonia (Official Gazette No. 52/91) prescribes “everyone is obliged to promote and protect the environment; the State provides conditions to apply the right of citizens to a healthy environment”. Macedonia has become a Party to the main multilateral conventions and protocols explicitly recognizing the link between environmental protection and the human rights norms covering many environmental issues like EIA, Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) in the national and trans boundary context, climate change, biodiversity, public information, public participation in the decision-making process and access to justice, trans boundary air pollution and air monitoring, ozone layer, chemicals like persistent organic pollutants (POP), nature protection, etc. The approximation of the EU environmental legislation into national legislation started in 2003 and till 2014 the largest part of legal acts and secondary provisions have been transposed into Law on Environment ((Official Gazette No.53/05,81/05,24/07,159/08, 83/2009, 124/2010, 51/2011, 123/12, 93/13, 163/13, 42/14) which is horizontal law comprising industrial pollution control (including EIA, SEA, IPPC , VOC, Seveso II Directive, LCP Directive and main requirements of EU Directives for water, waste management, air emissions, air quality, environmental management systems, etc). The other relevant sectoral laws were adopted (Law on waste, Law on waters, Law on noise protection, Law on ambient air quality, Law on chemicals, etc.) where the requirements of the EU Directives and good international practice have been transposed. In some sectors there is still a lack of secondary legislation prescribing where and how the applicable standards will be applied (e.g. water quality, emissions to water and ground waters, emissions to soil and soil quality) and some of this secondary legislation is in the process of preparation. There is a lack of environmental legislation enforcement especially on local (municipal) level. Local self-government units (LSG) in the Republic of Macedonia quite differ from one to another in terms of number of population, which varying from 3,000 to 500,000 inhabitants. At municipal level, there is deficiency of staff and financial resources necessary to respond to the key functions of environmental management. The capacity of LSG for implementation of the laws in the field of environment is not sufficient and sometimes is fully absent. There is a need for strengthening their capacities to implement the environmental legislation in integrated way, taking into consideration all possible pollutions and mitigation measures at the same time and providing guidance in accordance to local and national environmental planning document. The Law on Environment (Official Gazette No.53/05,81/05,24/07,159/08, 83/2009, 124/2010, 51/2011, 123/12, 93/13, 163/13, 42/14) contains the basic principles of environmental protection with both precautionary and “polluter pays” principles and provides the legal basis for issuing of necessary secondary legislation. 20 5.1.1 Air quality The air quality regulation is provided by Law on Ambient Air Quality (Official Gazette No. 67/04 with amendments Nos. 92/07, 35/10, 47/11, 59/12 and 163/13) where the main principles for limitation of air emissions, prevention measures, monitoring of air emissions of all relevant pollutants into air and air quality have been prescribed. Secondary legislation for air quality is listed in Table 4. 5.1.2 Waste management In Macedonia, the main national legislation regarding the waste management sector is the Law on Waste Management (Official Gazette No. 68/04, 71/04, 107/07, 102/08, 134/08, 124/10 and 51/11, 123/12, 147/13, 163/13) and some technical rules and guidelines. The Law on Waste Management as a framework regulation act regulates general waste management issues like: main principles for waste generation, prevention and management, general rules for management of different waste streams and hazardous waste, planning requirements for effective waste management on central and municipal level, operation of landfills, requirements for the operators for collection, transport, treatment and final disposal of the waste etc. Few separate laws have been adopted related to the special waste streams (packaging waste, WEEE – waste od electric and electronic equipment, etc.) and together with the waste relevant secondary legislation are listed in Table 4. 5.1.3 Water management The most important aspects of national legislation in the field of water management are already established within the horizontal environmental legislation and the Law on Waters (Official Gazette No. 87/08, 6 / 09, 161/09, 83/10, 51/11, 44/12, 163/13). At this point it is very important that legislation in the field of water management, which is already or will be transposed, is in compliance with the European Union water legislation. 5.1.4 Noise One of the essential elements for achieving a higher level of environmental protection is protection against noise disturbance due to the high noise level. The protection against environmental noise pollution is addressed in the Law of Noise Protection (Official Gazette No. 79/07, 124/10, 47/11,163/13). A series of secondary pieces of legislation has been adopted in the period 2007-2011 transposing the EU and WHO (World Health Organization) Guideline values for community noise in specific environments. The law establishes the need to reduce harmful effects that are consequence of exposure to noise in the media and the environment and to provide a basis for developing measures to reduce noise from all its sources. The ultimate objective is the protection of the health and wellbeing of the population. Noise measurement and monitoring are necessary for achieving and maintaining environmental noise levels within the limits that the regulations have defined for four types of areas in accordance to their human activity uses and the degree of protection against noise deemed necessary for each of those uses. 21 5.1.5 Nature protection The basic law in the area of nature protection is the Law on Nature Protection (Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia Nos. 67/04, 14/06, 84/07, 59/12, 13/13, 163/13). The Law on Nature Protection regulates the protection of nature through protection of biological and landscape diversity and protection of natural heritage within and outside protected areas. All other relevant legislation to the environmental protection, community health and safety, cultural heritage protection, labor and working conditions, OH&S regulation, land acquisition and public participation in the EIA process are listed in Table 4. 5.1.6 Regulation on local (municipal) level Based on the review the national legislation as well as the regulations issued by City of Skopje it is conclusion that there is no any specific relevant regulation issued on local level in order to protect waters, air quality, noise disturbance or special regulation on waste management. The Environmental Officer and all relevant inspectors (Environmental, Communal, Traffic, Civil /Construction) follow the national environmental legislation. Only PE “Vodovod I kanalizacija” Skopje has adopted the Rulebook for water supply and waste water management (listed in Table 4). Other regulation related to local self-government sector is the following: • Law on local self-government (Official Gazette of Republic of Macedonia No. 5/2002); • Law on the territorial organization of the local self-government in the Republic of Macedonia (Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia No.55/16.08.2004); • Law on equal regional development (Official Gazette of Republic of Macedonia No. 63/ 22.05.2007). 5.1.7 National Environmental Policy Implementation of the environmental requirements is guided by number of policy documents adopted by the governmental institutions including: • National Strategy for Environmental Approximation 2008-2014, adopted 2008 by the Government of RM (now being updated); • Strategy for Waste Management 2008-2020, adopted 2008 by the Government of RM; • National Plan for Waste Management 2009 – 2015 adopted 2009 by the MoEPP; • National Strategy for Sustainable Development in Republic of Macedonia 2010-2030, adopted in 2010 by the Government of RM; • Second National Environmental Action Plan 2006-2012, adopted in 2006; • National Strategy for environmental investments, 2009-2013, adopted in 2009 by the Government of RM; • Environmental Monitoring Strategy, adopted in 2005 by the MoEPP; • Environmental Communication Strategy, adopted in 2004 by the MoEPP; 22 • Program for packaging waste management, adopted in 2011 by the MoEPP; • Program for investments in environment (on annual base), MoEPP; • National Water Strategy, adopted by Government of RM in November 2012; • Plan for Institutional Development of the National and Local Environmental Management Capacity 2009 – 2014 approved by GRM in February 2009. Taking into account the fact that the national legislation could be amended in the next period, the amended version of each piece of legislation need to be considered by the Investor – Municipality during the Environmental Assessment process for the project in order to take into account the obligatory technical specifications or emission limits for pollution into water, air, soil and other limitations towards protection of environment and human health. 23 Table 4 Key relevant national environmental and social related legislation Relevant environmental/ Relevant national legislation social issues for Act, Regulation, Degree the project Law on Environment (Official Gazette No.53/05,81/05,24/07,159/08, 83/2009, 124/2010, 51/2011, 123/12, 93/13, 163/13, 42/14); Rulebook on the content of the requirements that need to be fulfilled by the study on EIA (Official Gazette No.33/06); Rulebook on the form, content procedure and manner of developing the report on the adequacy of the study on EIA of the project and the procedure for authorization of persons from the List of Experts for EIA responsible for the preparation of the report (Official Gazette No.33/06, 44/13); Decree on determining projects for which and criteria on the basis of which the screening for EIA should be carry out (Official Gazette No.74 / 05, 109/09,164/12,); ESIA procedure Rulebook on the content of announcement of the notification of the intention to implement a project, on the necessity of an EIA, on the study on project EIA, of the report on the adequacy of the study on EIA (Official Gazette No. 33/06); Rulebook on the information contained in notification of intent to implement a project and the procedure for determining the need for EIA of a project (Official Gazette No.33/06); Rulebook on the list of projects for which the EIA Report – Elaborate should be prepared by the investor and the EIA Report need to be adopted by the Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning (Official Gazette of RM" No. 36/12); Rulebook on the list of projects for which the EIA Report – Elaborate should be prepared by the investor and the EIA Report need to be adopted by the Mayor of the municipality or Mayor of City of Skopje (Official Gazette of RM" No. 32/12) 24 Relevant environmental/ Relevant national legislation social issues for Act, Regulation, Degree the project Access to Law on Environment (Chapter on EIA procedure and trans boundary context and information dissemination, public participation and environmental access to justice requirements) - (Official Gazette No. 53/05, 81/05, 24/07, 159/08, 83/09, 124/10, 51/11, 123/12, 93/13, 163/13, information and 42/14); public participation Espoo Convention was ratified by Macedonia with Law on ratification of the convention for assessing environmental impacts in a trans in environmental boundary context (Official Gazette No. 44/99); decision making process The Aarhus Convention was ratified by Macedonia (Official Gazette No.40/99) Law on Environment (Official Gazette No. 53/05, 81/05, 24/07, 159/08, 48/10, 124/10, 51/11, 123/12, 93/13, 163/13, 42/14)); Law on Waters (Official Gazette No. 87/08, 6 / 09, 161/09, 83/10, 51/11, 44/12, 163/13); Law on Water Management (Official Gazette No. 85/03, 95/05, 103/08); Law on Aquatic Communities (Official Gazette No. 51/03, 95/05 113/07); Decree on classification of waters (Official Gazette No. 18/99); Regulation on categorization of water streams, lakes, accumulations and groundwater (Official Gazette No. 18/99, 71/99) ; Rulebook on monitoring of sediment in reservoirs (Official Gazette No. 4 / 99); Water Rules for reporting on the state level and quantity of water accumulated in reservoirs, and the amount of water released by them (Official Gazette No. 8 / 99); Rulebook on the content and method of preparing management plans for river basins (Official Gazette No. 148/09); Regulation on methodology for assessment of river basins (Official Gazette No. 148/09); Rulebook on the content and method of preparing the program of measures (Official Gazette No. 148/09); Rules for special security requirements for natural mineral water (Official Gazette No. 32/06); Rules for water safety (Official Gazette No. 46/08); 25 Relevant environmental/ Relevant national legislation social issues for Act, Regulation, Degree the project Rulebook for hazardous and harmful substances and their emission standards that can be discharged into the sewage or drainage system, surface or ground water bodies and the coastal lands and wetlands (Official Gazette No. 108/11); Rulebook on conditions and how the emission limit values for discharges of waste water after their purification, method of their calculation, taking into account the specific requirements for the protection of protected areas (Official Gazette No. 81/11) Ordinance for technical and sanitary conditions for discharge of waste waters in sewage system of City of Skopje (PE Vodovod i kanalizacija) Law on Waste (Official Gazette No. 68/04, 71/04, 107/07, 102/08, 134/08, 124/10 and 51/11, 123/12, 147/13, 163/13); List of Waste Types (Official Gazette No. 100/05); Law on Packaging and Packaging Waste (Official Gazette No. 161/09, 06/09, 163/13); The Law on the Ratification of the Basel Convention on the Control of Trans-boundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal (Official Gazette No. 48/97) Decree for determining the activities of installations (landfills operation) requiring an integral environmental permit (Official Gazette No. 89/05) Rulebook on the manner and the conditions for waste storage, as well as on the conditions to be met by the sites on which waste Waste Management storage is performed (Official Gazette No. 29/07); Rulebook on the landfill operation, monitoring and controlling in the operational and closing phase as well as on the closure and after- care procedures (Official Gazette No. 156/07); Rulebook for criteria for acceptance of waste to landfill in each landfill class, preparation procedure for acceptance of waste, basic testing procedures, sampling procedure and acceptance of waste (Official Gazette No. 8/08); Rulebook on the manner and the conditions for handling PCBs, the conditions to be met by installations and facilities for PCBs disposal and decontamination, on used PCBs and on the manner of labeling the equipment that contains PCBs (Official Gazette No. 48/07) ; Rulebook on the procedures and manner of collection, transport, processing, storage, treatment and disposal of waste oils, and the 26 Relevant environmental/ Relevant national legislation social issues for Act, Regulation, Degree the project manner of keeping records and submission of data (Official Gazette No. 156/07); Rulebook of detailed conditions on the handling of hazardous waste, and on the manner of packaging and labeling (Official Gazette No. 15/08); Rulebook on the handling and management of waste containing asbestos and waste from products containing asbestos (O.G. of RM No. 89/06); Rulebook on the form and content of the request for issuing a permit for the landfill operator as well as the form for and content of the permit (Official Gazette No. 140/07); Law on Waste Electronics and Electrical Equipment (WEEE) (Official Gazette No. 06/12, 163/13), Law on Nature Protection (Official Gazette No. 67/06, 16/06, 84/07, 59/12, 13/13, 163/13) and secondary legislation on Natura 2000 and emerald network; (Emerald Network: Launched in 1998 by the Council of Europe, of which the Republic of Macedonia is a member, as part of the works under the Bern Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats. This ecological network is based on the same principles as Natura 2000, and represents its de facto extension to non-EU countries. National Emerald Network in the Republic of Macedonia was implemented between 2002 and 2008.); Protected Natural Areas and Macedonia ratified the Rio Convention in 1997; Biodiversity Macedonia ratified the Bonn Convention in 1999; Macedonia ratified the Ramsar Convention in 1977; Macedonia ratified the Bern Convention in 1997; Macedonia ratified the CITES Convention in 2000; Macedonia ratified the Agreement on the Conservation of Bats in Europe (London) in 1999, amended in 2002 Law on Noise Protection (“ Official Gazette No. 79/07, 124/10, 47/11, 163/13) Noise and Vibration Rulebook on noise indicators and the area of application of additional noise indicators (Official Gazette No. 107/08); 27 Relevant environmental/ Relevant national legislation social issues for Act, Regulation, Degree the project Rulebook on the permissible level of noise in the environment (Official Gazette No. 147/08); Rulebook on the preparation and contents of strategic noise maps (Official Gazette No. 120/08); Rulebook on the method, conditions and procedure for establishing and operating networks, monitoring methodology, conditions, method and procedure for submitting noise monitoring information and data (Official Gazette No.1/09); Law on Ambient Air Quality (Official Gazette No. 67/04 with amendments Nos. 92/07, 35/10, 47/11, 59/12 and 163/13); Decree on limit values of levels and types of pollutants in ambient air and alert thresholds, deadline for achieving limit values, margins of tolerance of the limit value, target values and long term goals (Official Gazette No. 19/05); Rulebook on establishing the emission upper limits on national level (Official Gazette No. 10/90); Macedonia ratified the Convention on Climate Change on 28 January 1998, entrance into force on 28 Apr 1998; Macedonia ratified the Kyoto Protocol on 18 November 2004, entrance into force on 16 February 2005; Decree on limit and target values for levels and type of pollutants in the ambient air, alert and information thresholds; deadlines for achieving limit and target values for specific substances; margins of tolerance for limit value and target value and long term objectives for specific pollutants (Official Gazette No. 50/05); Air Quality Rulebook on criteria, methods and procedures for evaluation of the ambient air quality (Official Gazette No.82/06); Rulebook on inventory and determination of the levels of the pollutant emissions in the ambient air in tones per year, for all types of duties, as well as other data needed for submission of the Program for monitoring the air in Europe (EMEP) (Official Gazette No. 142/07); Lists of zones and agglomerations for ambient air quality (Official Gazette No.23/2009); Rulebook for methodology for inventory taking and identification of the levels of emissions of pollutants in the ambient air in tons per year for all types of activities, as well as other data required to be submitted under the Program for air monitoring in Europe (EMEP) (Official Gazette No.2/2010); Rulebook on establishing the emission upper limits on national level (Official Gazette No. 10/90); 28 Relevant environmental/ Relevant national legislation social issues for Act, Regulation, Degree the project Rulebook for air emission limit values from stationary sources (Official Gazette No. 141/10); The diesel fuel specification are prescribed by Rulebook on liquid fuel quality (Official Gazette No. 88/2007, 91/2007, 97/2007, 105/2007, 157/2007, 15/2008, 78/2008, 156/2008, 81/2009); Law on Protection of Cultural Heritage(Official Gazette No. 20/04, 115/07, 18/11, 148/11, 23/13, 137/13, 164/13, 38/14, 44/14); Cultural Heritage Regulation for National Registry of Cultural Heritage (Official Gazette No. 25/05); and Archaeology (Macedonia ratified the Convention for the protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage in 1991); Law for Health Protection (Official Gazette No. 07/07, 44/11, 145/12, 87/13); Law for Transport of Hazardous Materials and amendments (Official Gazette Nos. 92/2007, 17/2011 and 54/2011); Law for preventing the spreading of the infectious diseases (Official Gazette No. 21/11); Community Health Law for Wages (Official Gazette No. 70/94 with latest amendment within No. 97/ 2010); and Safety Law on Equal Opportunities for Men and Women, and the National Action Plan for Gender Equality (Official Gazette No. 48/10); Law for Social Protection (Official Gazette No. 79/09, 36/11, 51/11, 166/12, 15/13, 79/13, 164/13, 187/13, 38/14 and 44/14); Law for Children Protection (Official Gazette No. 170/10, 23/13, 12/14 and 44/14); Crisis Preparedness Planning, June 2009 (for abnormal working conditions like high temperatures, floods and similar); Law on Occupational Health and Safety (Official Gazette No. 92/07, 98/10, 93/11, 136/11, 60/12, 23/13, 25/13, 164/13); Occupational Rulebook on minimal requirements for occupational health and safety on working place (Official Gazette No. 154/2008); Health and Safety Rulebook for personal protective equipment that uses employees at work (Official Gazette No.92/07); Rulebook for occupational health and safety at work for workers exposed on risk of noise (Official Gazette No. 21/2008); Labor Relations Act (Official Gazette No. 158/2010); 29 Relevant environmental/ Relevant national legislation social issues for Act, Regulation, Degree the project Law on Occupational Health and Safety (Official Gazette No. 92/07); Law for Civil Organizations (Official Gazette No. 52/10); Labor & Working Law for Wages (Official Gazette No. 92/07) and secondary legislation (Nos.121/07 and 92/09); Conditions Law on Equal Opportunities for Men and Women, and the National Action Plan for Gender Equality (Official Gazette No. 48/10); Law for Social Protection (Official Gazette No. 79/2009); Law for Child Protection (Official Gazette Nos. 98/00, 17/03, and 65/04); Law on Protection During Work (Official Gazette No. 13/98); Law on Employment & Work of Foreigners (Official Gazette No. 70/07); Law on inspection for implementation of laws for labor and working conditions (Official Gazette No. 35/97); Collective agreement for construction industry; In 1991 Macedonia ratified a number of International Labor Organization (ILO) conventions; The Law on Expropriation (Official Gazette Nos. 33/95, 20/98, 40/99, 31/03, 46/05, 10/08, 106/08 and 76/10); Law on Property Cadaster (Official Gazette Nos. 40/08, 158/10 and 51/11); Law on Survey and Land Cadaster (Official Gazette Nos. 34/72 and 13/78); Law for the Treatment of Illegally Constructed Objects; (Official Gazette Nos. 23/11, 54/11) Land Acquisition Law on Ownership and Other Material Rights (Official Gazette No. 18/01); Law on Construction (Official Gazette No. 51/05; 124/10, 18/11, 36/11, 54/11, 13/12, 144/12, 25/13, 163/13, 28/14, 42/14); Law on Spatial and Urban Planning (Official Gazette No.51/05; 137/07, 24/08, 91/09; 124/10, 53/2011, 144/12 и 70/13, 163/13, 42/14); Law on Nature Protection (Official Gazette Nos. 67/06, 16/06, 84/07, 59/12, 13/13); 30 Relevant environmental/ Relevant national legislation social issues for Act, Regulation, Degree the project Law on Agriculture & Rural Development (Official Gazette No. 49/10, 53/11); Law on Agricultural Land (Official Gazette No. 135/07, 42/11); Law on Forests (Official Gazette No. 64/2009, 24/11, 53/11); 31 6. RELEVANT ENVIRONMENTAL INSTITUTIONAL SET UP The environmental chapter (covering all sectors and horizontal issues like EIA/SEA, IPPC) is very complex in respect to environmental functions and requires involvement of plenty of governmental institutions with their constituent bodies, academic institutions, Local Self-Government Units (municipalities), professional associations and non-governmental organizations, the business sector (industry and consultant companies) in fulfilling the environmental related obligations. The main role for the general environmental protection, regulation and enforcement lays on the Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning (MoEPP) and its constituent bodies: a) Administration for Environment, b) State Environmental Inspectorate, c) Office of Spatial Information System. Other relevant governmental institutions which cooperate, coordinate with the Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning are: the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Economy (MAFWE), Ministry of Economy (MoE), Ministry of Transport and Communication (MTC), Ministry of Health (MoH), Ministry of Finance (MoF) and Ministry of Internal Affairs (MoIA). Several governmental institutions are directly responsible for monitoring of state of the environment and impact of environment pollution to the human health: Directorate for Hydrometrological Works, Public Health Institute, Hydrobiological Institute in Ohrid. 6.1 LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT The Law on Local Self-Governments of 2002 delegated a variety of tasks to municipal level, including competence to perform urban and rural planning, environmental planning on local level and protection of environment, nature and spatial regulation, municipal services such as water supply, waste water treatment, collection, transport and disposal of municipal waste and supervision of the performance of activities carried out under municipal competency. Thus, implementation and inspection responsibilities of municipal importance have been delegated to the local self-government units. The law also introduces the possibility of inter-municipal cooperation in performing the functions under municipal competences. This requires a mutual agreement among the municipalities involved. Few selected competences related to the environment issues include: • EIA - LSG units are competent (based on Article 24 of the Law on Environment) for assessment of the Environmental Impact Assessment Report (Elaborate) prepared by the investor/proponent for certain smaller activities and projects (compared to those determined by the secondary legislation as ones in competence of the central authorities). Decision of the LSG unit on the approval of the EIA Report (Elaborate) is condition for launching development projects (construction or operating permits). • Air - LSG units have competences in planning of the air quality protection in particular in development of short-term Action Plan for Ambient Air Quality. At the level of zones and agglomeration, municipalities should join together and should develop Plan for Improvement of Air Quality at Local Level in zones and agglomeration when air quality is above the emission limit values. Municipality may establish local monitoring network for air quality and thus have obligations to collect data for air quality and disseminate to MoEPP and the public. • IPPC - One of the most important obligations that LSG units have is related to issuing IPPC B permits for production installations. • Waste - LSG units are competent for development and adoption of Waste Management Plans and programmes at their respective area. LSG unites are required to keep records on waste generators and total waste quantity generated and managed at their respective area. LSG units are also 32 competent to supervise the legal entity – Communal Service Enterprises (CSEs) for collection and transport of communal waste, including inspection and enforcement. • Water - LSG units are responsible for pollution prevention and protection of waters, drinking and non - domestic water supply, drainage, collection and treatment of wastewaters and storm waters. LSG units carry out activities operating their own local infrastructure as well as using infrastructure of the Communal Service Enterprises established by the municipality. LSG units expected to have leading role proposing projects for construction of waste water treatment plants and water purification plants. LSG units are competent for development, operation, maintenance of the local monitoring network within their respective areas. • Noise - The LSG units have dominant jurisdiction regarding protection from and control noise generated by IPPC B installations and operators of business activities which are under responsibility of municipalities. • Environmental inspection and enforcement – Beside the state environmental inspectors, there are local environmental inspectors assigned by the LSG units. They perform regular inspection on the implementation of the environmental legislation and mitigation measures at IPPC B installations and the companies obliged to prepare the Environmental Impact Assessment Report (Elaborate). 6.2 REVIEW OF SERVICES PROVIDED BY COMMUNAL SERVICE ENTERPRISES (PROVIDERS) The waste management, water supply and sewerage of urban wastewater at local level are under responsibility of local government and these services are provided by the Communal Service Enterprises (CSEs) that are obliged to deliver safe water to households, commercial and industrial facilities, to carry out collection and treatment of waste waters (urban and industrial) and to conduct maintenance of the water supply and sewers system, and of the WWTP, collect, transport of municipal solid waste and its final disposal to the municipal landfill. The CSE is also responsible for the maintenance and operation of municipal landfill. Very often the CSEs provide additional communal services: greenery and park, green bazaar and cemetery maintenance. In reference to the drinking water supply and urban waste water collection and treatment the CSEs could be divided into 3 groups of utilities based on the type of service provided: • Water supply and waste water service providers; • Water supply service providers; • Waste water service providers. Out of a total of 69 CSEs across the country, 50 CSEs are delivering both water supply and collection and treatment of waste water. There are 16 CSEs delivering only water supply services and there are 3 providers providing only waste water services. 33 The number of municipalities, number of CSEs per statistical region and the services they provide are presented in Table 5. Table 5 Number of municipalities and Communal Service Enterprises (Providers) for water supply and waste water collection and treatment in Republic of Macedonia Number of CSPs providing Number of Regions in RM Water supply and Waste water municipalities Water supply waste water service service providers service providers providers East region 11 12 1 North east region 6 4 1 Pelagonija region 9 5 3 1 Polog region 9 4 4 Skopje region 17 2 5 1 South east region 10 9 1 South west 9 7 1 1 region Vardar region 9 7 TOTAL 80 50 16 3 The representatives of the CSEs are directly involved in the municipal service improvement projects. 34 7. NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT PROCEDURE FOR THE PROJECT DEVELOPMENT The Environmental Impact Assessment procedure has been prescribed into the Law on Environment Off. Gazette No. 53/05, 81/05 24/07, 159/08 и 83/09; 124/10, 51/11, 123/12, 93/13, 163/13, 42/14 (Chapter XI/Articles 76-94) where the requirements of the EU Directives on EIA (Directive 85/337/EEC as amended by Directives 97/11/EC, 2003/35/EC and 2009/31/EC) have been transposed. The national EIA procedure is presented in Figure 5. The procedure starts when the Investor (Project Proponent) who intends to implement a project submits a Notification Letter, in written and electronic form to the Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning (MoEPP) (Administration for Environment), which is the responsible authority for the entire procedure. The Administration for Environment is obligated to publish the Notification in at least one daily newspaper available throughout the territory of the Republic of Macedonia, and on the website of the MoEPP. 7.1 SCREENING: The Screening procedure is a stage of the EIA procedure during which the MoEPP determines whether an EIA should be carried out or not for a certain project. For the development of projects that do not belong to the list of the projects for which the EIA procedure has to be carried out (small scale projects), there is a requirement for the preparation of an “Environmental Impact Report-Elaborate” (relevant for the Category B projects under the WB OP 4.0.1 Environmental Assessment procedure).The detailed procedure about the preparation of Environmental Report – Elaborate is presented in Figure 5. If the full EIA procedure should be taken (EIA Study should be prepared) the decision from the screening stage has to be published in at least one daily newspaper available throughout the territory of the Republic of Macedonia, and on the website, as well as on the notice board of the MoEPP. The Investor, the legal entities or natural persons concerned, as well as the environmental Non- Government Organizations may appeal against the decision to the ‘Second Instance Commission of the Government of the Republic of Macedonia’ responsible for resolution of administrative matters in the area of environment. After the screening procedure, the MoEPP informs the Investor of the decision on whether or not an EIA shall be carried out. Based on such information, the Investor applies for a scoping opinion for the EIA. 7.2 SCOPING: The Scoping phase is the process during which the MoEPP determines the content and extent of the matters which should be covered by the environmental impact assessment study. While drafting the opinion on the scope of the study, the MoEPP shall take into account the opinions of the Investor and the opinions obtained after publication of the decision for screening. Once scoping is completed, the EIA Study can be undertaken. The Investor prepares the EIA Study according to the requirements prescribed into the secondary legislation and submits it to the MoEPP in both written and electronic format. 35 National Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) procedure MoEPP/ EA Publishing the Notification Notification MoEPP/ Investor 5 days EA 30 days Publishing Decision on full EIA 5 days Screening procedure Information, Public Participation and Access to justice procedure 5 days Scoping Publishing Scoping opinion Local-self Governments, Preparation of EIA the City of Study Skopje, E-NGOs / Public Institutions, Investor / EIA Expert Investor, State Authorities (providing Public hearing Announcement for availability of 5 days opinions to the the EIA Study MoEPP) Draft EIA Study Publishing the non-technical summary 5 days 40 days for 60 days upgrading the EIA 5 days Publishing the Report Report of the adequacy of the EIA Study 30 days for 40 days upgrading the EIA 5 days Decision for granting consent to Publishing the Decision or rejecting the application for the project implementation Request for contemporary Legal measure prohibition for the project 15 days Consent for project authority for implementation to the Court implementation issuing permit Figure 5 EIA procedure in the Republic of Macedonia 36 7.3 PREPARATION OF EIA STUDY: The Investor preparing the EIA Study is obliged to engage at least one person from the List of EIA Experts, who shall sign the EIA Study as a responsible person with regard to its quality. 7.3.1 Public Disclosure: The public disclosure starts when the MoEPP announces that the draft version of the EIA Study on a certain development project has been prepared and is available to the public in at least one daily newspaper, available throughout the territory of the Republic of Macedonia and local radio/TV station, while the Non-Technical Study is published on the website of the MOEPP. This EIA Study is submitted for consultation to the municipalities where the project will be implemented in order to collect their remarks and opinions. During this phase, the MoEPP is obliged to organize a Public hearing on the draft EIA Study and to ensure availability of information needed to the public and public participation in the public hearing event. The MoEPP submits the EIA Study to the bodies of the state administration responsible for the performance of the activities of the development project. 7.3.2 EIA Review & Decisions: The Review is the process of checking the adequacy of the EIA Study. The Report of the adequacy of the EIA Study is prepared by the MoEPP or by persons appointed thereby from the List of Experts for EIA. On the basis of the study, the Report on the adequacy of the EIA Study, the public debate and the opinions obtained, the MoEPP issues a Decision on whether or not to grant consent for the application of the project implementation. The Decision contains an assessment of whether the EIA Study fulfills the requirements, and the permit conditions for the project implementation as well as measures for prevention and reduction of the harmful effects. The MoEPP submits the Decision to the Investor, to the body of the state administration responsible for issuance of the permit or decision on the project implementation and to the municipalities where the project will be implemented. The Decision has to be published in at least one daily newspaper available throughout the territory of the Republic of Macedonia, on the website as well as on the notice board of the MOEPP. Based on the Decision for granting consent for the project implementation, the Authority responsible to issue the permit for project implementation, issues the Consent for project implementation to the Investor. 7.3.3 Public involvement into the EIA procedure: Public involvement in national EIA procedure is regulated in the Law on Environment, secondary legislation on public information (provided on Figure 6), public participation and access to justice and in accordance with International Conventions signed and ratified by Macedonia (e.g. Aarhus Convention and Espoo Convention). Practical public involvement is performed through: • Disclosing of the information about the project and EIA process to the public; • Public participation where public can actively be involved in public discussions and submit their written opinion within the different EIA phases of the procedures; and 37 • through the mechanism of access to justice, when the public can influence the decision making by submitting appeals to the Court or Second Instance Commission of the Government. Active public participation within the EIA Procedure (public hearing event) Announcement for the availability of Submitting of written Public EIA Study prepared the study for comments / opinions opinions MoEPP Organization of public hearing for the MoEPP MoEPP Draft EIA Study Minutes of event Informing of Participants, conclusions, MoEPP, Investor, EIA Public, E-NGOs Experts who have stenographic notes, video and E-NGOs prepared the Study audio records provide their present the key findings opinion MoEPP Availability of information for participation in the public Publishing of hearing Investor, State the Minutes Authorities, Local- self of event Government, the City of MoEPP Web MoEPP start the page process of public hearing Figure 6 Public hearing during the EIA Study preparation according national legislation 7.3.4 Institutional setup within the EIA procedure The specific role and responsibility of each stakeholder within the EIA procedure was analyzed separately and it is presented in the following Table. The variety of actions, administrative procedures and participation of various stakeholders within the procedure with their own needs and priorities, shows the complexity of the EIA procedure. Table 6 Roles and Responsibilities of the stakeholders in the EIA procedure Authority/ Roles and Responsibilities institution - submit the Notification on the intention for project implementation to the MoEPP - submit request for Scoping to the MoEPP Investor/Proponent - preparation of the EIA Study - submit the EIA Study to the MoEPP - receive the Decision for the project implementation 38 Authority/ Roles and Responsibilities institution - publish the Notification (in minimum one national daily newspaper and on the web page of the MoEPP) - conduct of the Screening procedure - publish the Screening Decision (in minimum one national daily newspaper, on the web page and on the notice board of the MoEPP) - scope definition for the EIA Study for the project Ministry of - issuing Opinion of the Scope of the Study and publish the summary of the Opinion (in minimum one national daily newspaper, on the web page and on the notice board of environment and the MoEPP) physical planning - announce that EIA Study has been prepared and is available for public comments (Administration for - publish the Non-technical Summary of the EIA Study on its web page environment, - organize public hearing Public - prepare the Meetings from the public hearing and publish it on its web page communication - prepare the Report on the adequacy of the EIA Study office - publish the Report of the adequacy of the study in minimum one national daily newspaper and on its web - issuing the Decision for granting consent to or rejecting the application for the project implementation - publish the Decision in minimum one national daily newspaper, on the web page and on the notice board of the MoEPP - establish the List of EIA experts Other Ministries - provide relevant information during the definition of scope of the EIA Study and State preparation of the EIA Study; Institutions and - provide consultation during the Scoping and preparation of the EIA Study Local Self - give its opinion during the public consultation process Government units Ministry of Foreign - involve in the trans boundary EIA process in Macedonia and in other country during the Affairs Official Notification on the intention for project implementation - scope definition for the EIA Study for the project (optional) Experts from the - preparation of the EIA Study List of experts - preparation of the Report on the adequacy of the EIA Study (optional) - submit an opinion on the Notification - submit a complaint on the Screening decision to the Governmental commission and an opinion to Scoping - submit written opinions/ comments on the EIA Study and take part during the public NGOs hearing - submit a complaint on the Decision for granting consent to or rejecting the application for the project implementation to the Governmental commission - submit request for temporary measure ban for implementation of the project to the Court - inspect whether EIA Study for the project is prepared and whether it is submitted to State Environmental the MoEPP Inspectorate - inspect whether for the implementing project the Decision on granting consent is 39 Authority/ Roles and Responsibilities institution issued - monitor whether the mitigation measures proposed in the EIA Study are implemented - limit or prohibit implementation of the project without the Decision to grant consent for the application of the project implementation 7.3.5 National procedure for environmental assessment of small scale projects During the EIA Procedure within the screening phase, if the decision has been that there is no need for EIA procedure to be carried out the investor should start with procedure for development of Environmental Impact Assessment Report – Elaborate. This procedure is obliged for small scale projects (e.g., reconstruction or construction of local streets, roads, construction of local drinking water supply systems, sewage systems and small scale WWTPs - less than 10 000 p.e., etc.), causing short-term, minor negative impacts to the environment. There are two Rulebooks refer to the projects for which the EIA Report-Elaborate should be prepared: A) Rulebook on the list of projects for which the EIA Report – Elaborate should be prepared by the investor and the EIA Report need to be adopted by the Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning (Official Gazette of RM" No. 36/12); B) Rulebook on the list of projects for which the EIA Report – Elaborate should be prepared by the investor and the EIA Report need to be adopted by the Mayor of the municipality (Official Gazette of RM" No. 32/12) or Mayor of City of Skopje. The content of EIA Report – Elaborate should be prepared in line with the Rulebook on EIA Report form and content and procedure for EIA Report adoption (Official Gazette of RM No. 123/12). The EIA Report – Elaborate contains the main characteristics of the project activities, the main positive and negative environmental impacts identified taking into account the site-specific baseline environmental data. Very simplified Environmental Protection Program comprises various measures that will prevent, mitigate and compensate the adverse impact on all environmental elements need to be developed based on the national environmental legislation and good international practice. No public hearing is proposed during the preparation and adoption of the EIA Report-Elaborate. On Figure 7 the simplified scheme of the EIA Report-Elaborate procedure is presented. The Table 7 shows the roles and responsibilities of the stakeholders in the EIA procedure (EIA Report - Elaborate). 40 Environmental Impact Assessment of small-scale projects according the national legal requirements MoEPP/ Decision is issued that no EIA procedure needs to be carried out EA Preparation of EIA Report Investor Submission of EIA Report to the responsible authority IF PROJECT ACTIVITIES BELONG TO: Rulebook on the list of projects for which the EIA Rulebook on the list of projects for which the EIA Report – Elaborate should be prepared and it should be Report – Elaborate should be prepared and it should be adopted by the Ministry of Environment and Physical adopted by the Mayor of the municipality (Official Planning (Official Gazette of RM" No. 36/12); Gazette of RM" No. 41/12) Responsible authority for adoption of EIA Responsible authority for Report - Elaborate - Mayer of relevant adoption of EIA Report - municipality or / Mayer of Skopje Elaborate - MoEPP Figure 7 EIA small-scale projects national requirements Table 7 Roles and Responsibilities of the stakeholders in the EIA procedure (EIA Report - Elaborate) Authority/ Roles and Responsibilities institution - submit the Notification on the intention for project implementation to the MoEPP Investor/Proponent - preparation of the EIA Report – Elaborate Ministry of environment and - prepare the Decision that no EIA procedure is need to be carried out (MoEPP) physical planning/ - issue the Decision for adoption the EIA Report – Elaborate (Administration for Environment) Local Self-Government - issue the Decision for adoption the EIA Report – Elaborate (Mayor) - preparation of the Notification on the intention for project implementation to the Experts from the MoEPP List of experts - preparation of the EIA Report – Elaborate State Environmental - inspect whether EIA Report – Elaborate for the project is prepared and whether Inspectorate it is submitted to the MoEPP/Municipalities Municipal Environmental - monitor whether the mitigation measures proposed in the EIA Report – Elaborate Inspectors are implemented 41 8. WORLD BANK SAFEGUARDS PROCEDURES The World Bank has developed and implemented across the world the Safeguard Policies with main aim to ensure prevention, mitigation and compensation of adverse impacts of project development to the community where the project is implementing, to the environment, nature, human health and cultural sites ad objects. The short summary of several relevant Banks’ Safeguards Policies are presented below. 8.1 OP/BP 4.01 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT The Bank requires Environmental Assessment (EA) of projects proposed for Bank support to ensure that they do not have, or mitigate potential negative environmental impacts. The EA is a process whose breadth, depth, and type of analysis depend on the nature, scale, and potential environmental impact of the proposed project. The EA evaluates a project's potential environmental risks and impacts in its area of influence; examines project alternatives; identifies ways of improving project selection, siting, planning, design, and implementation by preventing, minimizing, mitigating, or compensating for adverse environmental impacts and enhancing positive impacts; and includes the process of mitigating and managing adverse environmental impacts throughout project implementation. The EA takes into account the natural environment (air, water and land); human health and safety; social aspects; and trans boundary and global environmental aspects. The Borrower is responsible for carrying out the EA and the Bank advises the Borrower on the Bank‘s EA requirements. The Bank classifies the proposed projects into three major categories, depending on the type, location, sensitivity, scale of the project and the nature and magnitude of its potential environmental impacts. - Category A: The proposed project is likely to have significant adverse environmental impacts that are sensitive, diverse, or unprecedented. These impacts may affect an area broader than the sites or facilities subject to physical works. - Category B: The proposed project‘s potential adverse environmental impacts on human population or environmentally important areas-including wetlands, forests, grasslands, or other natural habitats- are less adverse than those of Category A projects. These impacts are site specific; few if any of them are irreversible; and in most cases migratory measures can be designed more readily than Category A projects. - Category C: The proposed project is likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts. 8.2 OP/BP 4.04 NATURAL HABITATS The conservation of natural habitats, like other measures that protect and enhance the environment, is essential for long-term sustainable development. The Bank therefore supports the protection, maintenance, and rehabilitation of natural habitats and their functions in its economic and sector work, project financing, and policy dialogue. The Bank supports, and expects borrowers to apply, a precautionary approach to natural resource management to ensure opportunities for environmentally sustainable development. The Bank promotes and supports natural habitat conservation and improved land use by financing projects designed to integrate into national and regional development the conservation of natural habitats and the maintenance of ecological functions. Furthermore, the Bank promotes the rehabilitation of degraded natural habitats. The Bank does not support projects that involve the significant conversion or degradation of critical natural habitats. 42 8.3 OP/BP 4.11 PHYSICAL CULTURAL RESOURCES Physical cultural resources are defined as movable or immovable objects, sites, structures, groups of structures, and natural features and landscapes that have archaeological, paleontological, historical, architectural, religious, aesthetic, or other cultural significance. Their cultural interest may be at the local, provincial or national level, or within the international community. Physical cultural resources are important as sources of valuable scientific and historical information, as assets for economic and social development, and as integral parts of a people's cultural identity and practices. The Bank assists countries to avoid or mitigate adverse impacts on physical cultural resources from development projects that it finances. The borrower addresses impacts on physical cultural resources in projects proposed for Bank financing, as an integral part of the environmental assessment (EA) process. When the project is likely to have adverse impacts on physical cultural resources, the borrower identifies appropriate measures for avoiding or mitigating these impacts as part of the EIA process. These measures may range from full site protection to selective mitigation, including salvage and documentation, in cases where a portion or all of the physical cultural resources may be lost. 8.4 OP/BP 4.36 FORESTRY The Policy envisages the protection of forests through consideration of forest-related impact of all investment operations, ensuring restrictions for operations affecting critical forest conservation areas, and improving commercial forest practice through the use of modern certification systems. In the process of forest conservation interventions, especially the local people, the private sector and other pertinent stakeholders should be consulted. In general, the Policy aims at reducing deforestation and enhancing the environmental and social contribution of forested areas. 8.5 OP/BP 4.12 INVOLUNTARY RESETTLEMENT This Policy is based on assisting the displaced persons in their efforts to improve or at least restore their standards of living. The main purpose the Policy is that development undertakings should not cause the impoverishment of the people who are within the area of influence of the undertakings. In cases where resettlement of people is inevitable, or in cases where loss of assets and impacts on the livelihood of the PAPs is experienced, a proper action plan should be undertaken to at least restore, as stated above, their standard of life prior to the undertakings. Concerning public consultation, resettles as well as the host communities should be consulted for the successful implementation of the resettlement process. The views of the consulted resettles and the host communities should be incorporated into the Resettlement Action Plan including the list of their choices. 8.6 IFC ENVIRONMENTAL, HEALTH AND SAFETY GUIDELINES The Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) Guidelines of the International Finance Corporation (IFC), 2008 are the safeguard guidelines for environment, health and safety for the development of the industrial and other projects. They contain performance levels and measures that are considered to be achievable in new facilities at reasonable costs using existing technologies. 43 9. MUNICIPAL SERVICE IMPROVEMENT PROJECT DESCRIPTION 9.1 PROJECT OBJECTIVE The main objective of the Municipal Service Improvements Project (MSIP) is to improve transparency, financial sustainability and delivery of targeted municipal services in participating municipalities. The project aims to achieve this objective through a focus on infrastructure and services under the responsibility of participating municipalities and their Communal Service Enterprises (CSEs), such as: drinking water supply, municipal solid waste management, support for energy efficiency through reconstruction of municipality buildings and school and kindergartens, replacement of street lighting, urban transport and other services under municipal provision. MSIP finances investments in basic local infrastructure and municipal services, provides technical assistance (TA) to municipalities and CSEs, and supports institutional reforms in municipalities through performance grants. The project would provide institutional support to central agencies for policy and strategic analysis related to financial sustainability of communal services. 9.2 PROJECT COMPONENTS Component A (Municipal Investments) - This component provides loans to municipalities that are eligible to borrow. Investments to be financed under this component would be mainly for revenue- generating public services and other investment projects of high priority to municipalities and with cost saving potential. Sub-projects may include the following: (i) Water and sanitation services: finance for civil works, equipment, and consulting services to rehabilitate water and sanitation services, including source and consumption metering, leak detection and repair, network rehabilitation and optimization, pressure zoning, and equipment for operations, urgent rehabilitation and repair of selected sewers, sewer maintenance equipment, and pipe replacement; (ii) Solid waste management: finance for collection infrastructure and support equipment, such as collection bins, support vehicles and other related equipment and consulting services; and to a limited extent, civil works and equipment to upgrade existing disposal sites to meet minimum sanitary standards; (iii) Other revenue-generating or cost-saving investments: finance for civil works, equipment and related consulting services for upgrading and/or expanding of other services or facilities under the responsibility of municipalities, such as public lighting, storm water drainage systems, urban transport systems, green markets, or insulation of public buildings to lower energy consumption or otherwise enhance efficiency. Component B (Capacity Building and Institutional Reform) - This component would include consultancy services and technical assistance for the following: (i) Sub-project preparation support: feasibility studies and required financial, environmental, and social assessments; preparation of final designs and bidding documents; and bidding procedures for investments funded under Component A. (ii) Local capacity building: finance technical assistance, training, and consulting services for municipalities and CSEs to improve service provision performance and meet project objectives. Capacity-building activities and institutional strengthening would help municipalities and CSEs meet criteria for Component C (performance grants). The TA would also support communications and public outreach activities. 44 (iii) National-level institutional strengthening: support national agencies through a study of policy issues and strategy development related to the financial sustainability of municipal services, including possibilities to establish a revolving fund. Component C (Performance-Based Investment Grants) - This component provides grants to municipalities as incentives and rewards for implementing reform initiatives to improve service delivery performance. Performance grants will be awarded according to fulfillment of 4 from 7 stated criteria. The grant award amount to an individual municipality will be up to 20 percent of the investment sub-loan. The grants can be used for new investment of the type funded under Component A, and in fact could be an extension of the original investment funded by the sub-loan. Component D (Project Management, Monitoring and Evaluation). This component would support project management unit (PMU) operation and assist with project implementation and monitoring. 9.3 STATUS OF MSIP IMPLEMENTATION The Municipal Services Improvement Project for Macedonia started in 2009 with main goal to improve transparency, financial sustainability, and delivery of targeted municipal services in the participating municipalities in the country. The Republic of Macedonia has requested the World Bank’s assistance in addressing these challenges and the loan of 75M USD has been signed to support municipal investments, capacity building and institutional strengthening activities, to deliver performance grants after successful implementation of the investments by the municipalities and to provide proper project management and communication with municipalities. The Ministry of Finance has established the Project Implementation Unit for smoothly implementation of the project and assistance to the municipality to prepare all necessary project documentation according WB and national legislation. The already completed and ongoing projects are focused on infrastructure and services under the responsibility of participating municipalities and their communal service enterprises, such as: water supply, sanitation, rehabilitation of sewer system, procurement of vehicles for solid waste management, rehabilitation and reconstruction of local roads and streets, reconstruction of municipality buildings, schools, support for other functions such as energy efficiency – street lighting and replacement of mercury containing bulbs with sodium efficient one, installation of thermal heating pumps, urban transport and other services under municipal provision. By end 2013, in total 22 projects were completed. High share of them (9) referred to procurement of equipment for communal services, mostly solid waste vehicles. The remaining referred to water supply network, street lighting and installation of geothermal pumps. The overview of different types of project activities financed until June 2014 is presented on Table 8. Table 8 Project category and type of project activities within the MSIP (status June 2014) Project category Type of project activity • Construction and reconstruction or rehabilitation of local streets Infrastructure (various length) • Construction and reconstruction or rehabilitation of various local roads • Construction of the bridge on the channel on the local road • Construction of the water supply network • Implementation of a storm water management system Water and sanitation • Reconstruction of part of the water supply system, complete water services supply system or extend the water supply system • Construction of the drinking water reservoir • Procurement and installation of water meters 45 Project category Type of project activity • Providing basic equipment for the maintenance of public hygiene Solid waste (vehicles for snow cleaning, street cleaning, construction vehicle, etc) management • Procurement of special vehicles for collection and transportation of municipal solid waste • Reconstruction of the street lighting (replacement of mercury containing lamps with more energy efficient lamps) • Installation of the geothermal pumps • Construction of the primary school including demolition of the old Other revenue- school building generating or cost- • Reconstruction of the primary schools saving investments • Insulation of primary school and kindergartens for better energy efficiency • Reconstruction and adaptation of municipality buildings • Rehabilitation of the river banks and construction of parking lots • Rehabilitation of the main squares in the towns Taking into account the fact that the MSIP Project Implementation Unit will be responsible for transfer of the EU IPA funds for rural development, the type of project activities will be extended to additional very important projects for the rural municipalities in order to achieve sustainable development. The possible additional project activities based on the fulfilled questionnaires by the rural municipalities are listed in Table 9. Table 9 Additional possible type of projects activities for the next period Project category Type of project activity Infrastructure • Arrangement of the river area (sidewalks, river bed, lighting) • Construction of the water purification plant Water and sanitation • Construction of small scale WWTP (less than 10.000 p.e) and sewage services system • Replacement of drinking water supply asbestos containing pipes Solid waste • Fencing of the municipal landfill management • Procurement of equipment and surveillance system for municipal landfill Other revenue- • Gas supply to the agricultural land and greenhouses generating or cost- • Landscaping of the city park saving investments • Electricity supply of settlement It is expected that maybe other small scale municipal activities (e.g., construction of: park, parking space and paving of sidewalks, construction of multifunctional sport facility, construction of green market, construction of touristic tracks across mountain, arranging of picnic areas, regulation of a dry ravine) which lead to the improvement of the everyday living of the citizens and already discussed and prioritized among the local community could occur as a request for financing. 9.4 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT WITHIN THE MSIP According the World Bank Environmental Safeguard – Operational Procedure 4.0.1, the Bank requires Environmental Assessment of projects proposed to be financed with Bank loan in order to ensure that the projects are environmentally sound and sustainable improving decision-making process. Refer to WB Environmental Assessment policy at the beginning of the Municipal Service Improvement Project in Macedonia in 2008, the Environmental Assessment and Management Framework Document (EMFD) was prepared and disclosure procedure was performed in 46 order to identify the adverse environmental impacts of next coming small-scale (Category B) projects with site-specific impacts that could be overcome with proposed mitigation measures. In the EMFD several types of projects were analyzed and the mitigation measures and monitoring plan was developed: a. Water and sanitation services: finance civil works, equipment and consulting services for rehabilitation of water and sanitation services, including for source and consumption metering, leak detection and repair, network rehabilitation and optimization, pressure zoning and equipment for operations; and urgent rehabilitation and repair of selected sewers, sewer maintenance equipment and pipe replacement. b. Solid waste management: finance collection infrastructure, support equipment, such as collection bins, support vehicles, and other related equipment and consulting services. c. Other revenue-generating or cost-saving investments: finance civil works, equipment and related consulting services for upgrading and/or expanding of other services or facilities under the responsibility of municipalities, such as storm water drainage systems, public buildings such as schools, urban transport systems, etc. to lower energy consumption or otherwise enhance efficiency. All WB financed municipality projects so far within the Municipal Services Improvement Project belong to the above mentioned type of projects (Category B) already included in the Environmental Management Framework Document. According the WB procedure, for these projects in the phase of preparation the Project Appraisal Document, the Environmental Chapter has been developed covering main site-specific characteristics, expected sensitive receptors, assessment of the possible adverse impacts with their significance, reversibility, importance. The measures have been identified in order to avoid, prevent, mitigate or compensate adverse environmental impacts and Environmental Mitigation Plan has been prepared defining the main responsibility roles for Sub Contractor and Supervisor. The Monitoring Plan has been prepared as well for each project prescribing the parameters that should be monitored, frequency of monitoring, how it is made and responsible institution/company for monitoring. According the national legislation, as these are small-scale projects, for some of them the Environmental Impact Assessment Report (Elaborate) were prepared and the documents were adopted by the Mayor of the Municipality or Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning (More info at the National EIA legislation Chapter and EIA procedure Chapter). During the implementation of MSIP 1 and MSIP 2 phases, several new project activities that were not proposed and listed within the EMFD prepared in 2008, arose (e.g., reconstruction of schools in Municipality of Gazi Baba, Petrovec and Butel). The type of activity “construction of primary school” is not listed in any of the national lists with projects for which the Summary EIA Report (Elaborate) should be prepared. As these activities belong to Category B projects refer to the World Bank Environmental Assessment Operational Procedure 4.0.1, the Summary Environmental Impact Assessment Study was developed following the OP 4.01 for each project. The Summary EIA Study was developed upon the World Bank procedures and the document identified the current environmental conditions around the school (usually it is very urban residential area), the project activities included in the proposed project and the identification of the possible sensitive environmental issues was performed in order to develop the Environmental Mitigation Plan and Monitoring Plan. According the WB safeguard procedures the public disclosure was provided posting the developed Summary EIA Study including the Environmental Mitigation Plan and Monitoring Plan on the web site of the municipalities and web site of the Ministry of Finance. The comments and remarks submitted by the public have been taken into account before the works started. 47 The existing procedure for environmental assessment, screening, preparation, public disclosure and implementation of sub-project specific EIAs and EMPs, as used under MSIP, will continue to be applied under the Project, including on any new types of sub-project that may be developed. The sub-projects determined to belong to Category A according to WB OP 4.01 will not be legible for financing under the Project. The categorization of project activities within MSIP (existing and additional) according the national environmental regulation is presented in the Table 10. Table 10 Categorization of project activities within MSIP (existing and additional) according the national legislation Project Type of project activity Necessity of preparation the EIA Report category Status June 2014 • Construction and • Rulebook on the list of projects for which the EIA reconstruction or Report – Elaborate should be prepared by the rehabilitation of local streets investor and the EIA Report need to be adopted by (various length) the Mayor of the municipality (Official Gazette of • Construction and RM" No. 32/12) Infrastructure reconstruction or rehabilitation of various local roads • Construction of the bridge on the channel on the local road • Construction of the water • Rulebook on the list of projects for which the EIA supply network Report – Elaborate should be prepared by the • Implementation of a storm investor and the EIA Report need to be adopted by water management the Mayor of the municipality (Official Gazette of system RM" No. 32/12) Chapter 1 Agriculture, forestry and • Reconstruction of part of water management – 3. Local water supply and Water and the water supply system, sewerage system with waste water treatment plant sanitation complete water supply services system or extend the water supply system • Construction of the drinking water reservoir • Procurement and • No obligation for preparation of EIA Report installation of water meters • Providing basic equipment • No obligation for preparation of EIA Report for the maintenance of public hygiene (vehicles for snow cleaning, street Solid waste cleaning, construction management vehicle, etc) • Procurement of special • No obligation for preparation of EIA Report vehicles for collection and transportation of municipal solid waste Other • Reconstruction of the • No obligation for preparation of EIA Report revenue- street lighting generating or (replacement of mercury cost-saving containing lamps with investments more energy efficient lamps) 48 Project Type of project activity Necessity of preparation the EIA Report category • Installation of the • Rulebook on the list of projects for which the EIA geothermal pumps Report – Elaborate should be prepared by the investor and the EIA Report need to be adopted by the Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning (Official Gazette of RM" No. 36/12) Chapter 11- 12.Projects for abstraction and return of groundwater • Construction of the • No obligation for preparation of EIA Report primary school including demolition of the old school building • Reconstruction of the • No obligation for preparation of EIA Report primary schools • Insulation of primary • No obligation for preparation of EIA Report school and kindergartens for better energy efficiency • Reconstruction and • No obligation for preparation of EIA Report adaptation of municipality buildings • Rehabilitation of the river • Rulebook on the list of projects for which the EIA banks and construction of Report – Elaborate should be prepared by the parking lots investor and the EIA Report need to be adopted by the Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning (Official Gazette of RM" No. 36/12) Chapter XII-3. parking lots and public garages • Rehabilitation of the main • Rulebook on the list of projects for which the EIA squares in the towns Report – Elaborate should be prepared by the investor and the EIA Report need to be adopted by the Mayor of the municipality (Official Gazette of RM" No. 32/12) Chapter 10 Infrastructure projects – 2.Reconstruction of local roads Additional possible type of projects in the next period • Arrangement of the river • Rulebook on the list of projects for which the EIA area (sidewalks, river bed, Report – Elaborate should be prepared by the lighting) investor and the EIA Report need to be adopted by Infrastructure the Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning (Official Gazette of RM" No. 36/12) Chapter 11 projects for the construction of waterways, ports and harbors for fishing • Construction of the water • • Rulebook on the list of projects for which the purification plant EIA Report – Elaborate should be prepared Water and by the investor and the EIA Report need to be sanitation adopted by the Mayor of the municipality services (Official Gazette of RM" No. 32/12) Chapter 1 Agriculture, forestry and water management – 6. collection, treatment and supply of water from local importance 49 Project Type of project activity Necessity of preparation the EIA Report category • Construction of small • Rulebook on the list of projects for which the EIA scale WWTP (less than Report – Elaborate should be prepared by the 10.000 p.e) and sewage investor and the EIA Report need to be adopted by system the Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning (Official Gazette of RM" No. 36/12) Chapter 10 Waste management and activities for remediation – Waste water treatment plant with a capacity less than 10,000 inhabitants • Replacement of drinking • No obligation for preparation of EIA Report water supply asbestos containing pipes • Fencing of the municipal • No obligation for preparation of EIA Report landfill Solid waste management • Procurement of • No obligation for preparation of EIA Report equipment and surveillance system for municipal landfill • Gas supply to the • Rulebook on the list of projects for which the EIA agricultural land and Report – Elaborate should be prepared by the greenhouses investor and the EIA Report need to be adopted by the Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning (Official Gazette of RM" No. 36/12) Chapter 12.Transport and storage – 1. Transportation pipeline (transportation of gas, liquids, water, gas, Other diluted cement, mortar and other goods through revenue- pipelines) generating or • Landscaping of the city • No obligation for preparation of EIA Report cost-saving park investments • Electricity supply of • Rulebook on the list of projects for which the EIA settlement Report – Elaborate should be prepared by the investor and the EIA Report need to be adopted by the Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning (Official Gazette of RM" No. 36/12) Chapter 11Infrastructure projects – 20. Transmission lines with voltage levels from 1 kV to 110 kV The following WB safeguard polices triggered by the existing and additional project activities within the MSIP project are presented in Table 11. Table 11 Safeguard policies triggered by the MSIP project existing and additional) Environmental Assessment OP/BP 4.01 Yes Natural Habitats OP/BP 4.04 No Forests OP/BP 4.36 No Pest Management OP 4.09 No 50 Physical Cultural Resources OP/BP 4.11 No Indigenous Peoples OP/BP 4.10 No Involuntary Resettlement OP/BP 4.12 Yes Safety of Dams OP/BP 4.37 No Projects on International Waterways OP/BP 7.50 No Projects in Disputed Areas OP/BP 7.60 No 51 10. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS The impact identification and assessment process should be carried out based on the baseline conditions identified during the project concept and feasibility study development in order to identify any environmental sensitive areas, the value/sensitivity of resources and receptors, and the project actions and activities that may significantly affect the baseline environmental or socio economic conditions during any of the project phase. The importance of the impact assessment through the whole Project Life Cycle is shown on Figure 8. The environmental assessment should cover the all project activities that will be taken during the any decommissioning phase (e.g., very important phase from environmental point of view during the construction of new school and dismantling the old one as there are very often asbestos containing materials), reconstruction, rehabilitation or construction phase and operational phase of the project. Figure 8 Environmental Management System in Project Life Cycle In order to assess the impact the following assessment criteria could be used: a) type of impact, b) reversibility, c) geographical extent, d) magnitude, e) duration of the impact, f) likelihood of appearance, g) extent /location where impact occurs and h) timing of occurrence. In assessing the level of impact that the project activity could cause, two key criteria are mainly considered: • Consequence/Significance: the resultant impact (positive or negative) of an activity‘s interaction with the legal, natural and/or socio-economic environments; the categorization for consequence is presented in Table 12. • Likelihood: the likelihood that an activity will occur. The categorization for likelihood is presented in Table 13. 52 Table 12 Impact assessment - Consequence Consequence Addressed Category Significant Most severe, alternative will be proposed through environmental hazard risk management Major Severe, alternative/avoidance will be proposed through environmental hazard risk management Moderate Less severe, measures will be proposed to minimize impact Minor Less severe, mitigation measures will be proposed Negligible Less severe. Mitigation and enhancement measures will be prepared if possible None No impact, enhancement measures will be prepared if possible Positive Positive impact Table 13 Impact assessment - Likelihood Likelihood Definition Category Certain The activity will occur under normal operating conditions Very likely The activity is very likely to occur under normal operating condition Likely The activity is likely to occur at some time under normal operating conditions Unlikely The activity in unlikely to but may occur at some time under normal operating conditions Very unlikely The activity is very unlikely to occur under normal operating conditions but may occur in exceptional circumstances The above mentioned criteria should be used during the environmental and social impact assessment. The example of the Environmental Screening Check List is presented in ANNEX 1. The examples of Environmental Mitigation Plans and Monitoring Plans are presented in Chapters 10 and 11. During the project implementation the regular monitoring need to be performed in order to check the implementation of OH&S and environmental mitigation measures proposed within the EMPs. The template of the Site visit monitoring Report is presented in ANNEX 2. 53 11. ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION AND MONITORING PLANS 11.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION PLAN FOR THE PROJECT - EXTENSION, RECONSTRUCTION/CONSTRUCTION OF WATER SUPPLY NETWORK, STORM WATER NETWORK, SEWERAGE NETWORK OR CONSTRUCTION OF DRINKING WATER RESERVOIR Potential impact Impact scale Proposed mitigation measures Responsibility Project activity: Marking out the location for water supply network, storm water network, sewerage network or drinking water reservoir Possible adverse social and Local Application of good practice for marking out the construction site including: • Contractor –Bidder health impacts to the • Ensure the marking out the construction site; • Supervisor citizens and traffic as well as Short • Forbidden of entrance of unemployed persons within the fence; for the workers due to: term/minor • Adequate warning tapes and signage need to be provided; • Unsafely start of • Health and Safety measures should be applied: a) Security measures like: perimeter fence, life jackets, use of proper protective clothing and construction works equipment by employees, warning signs for the public around the • Injury due to passing construction site; b) Maintain a good level of personal hygiene-have on near by the open trench site installations for washing, cleaning; c) Health protection-fist aid kits and manholes and medical service on sites d) Apply the emergency and normal first aid • Not compliance with procedure for any injury if such occur through construction work; health and safety at work • The roads should be kept clean procedure • Inappropriate public access Project activity: Extension, Reconstruction/Construction of water supply network, storm water network, sewerage network or drinking water reservoir 54 Potential impact Impact scale Proposed mitigation measures Responsibility Possible impacts on Local • Good construction practices have to be implemented – including fencing • Contractor – landscape and visual and protection of construction site according to national legislation; Bidder aspects Short • Minimization of the construction area as much as possible (carefully • Supervisor term/minor planning and design of the project activity according the Traffic Management Plan for a certain period of time); • Fully clean-up of the construction site immediately after accomplishment of reconstruction activities section by section; • Collection of the generated waste on daily basis, selection of waste, transportation and final disposal on appropriate places (according the type of waste – more details under Waste management issue). Possible emissions by Local • Reconstruction site, transportation routes and materials handling sites • Contractor – transportation vehicles and should be water-sprayed on dry and windy days; Bidder impact on air quality due to: Short • Construction materials should be stored in appropriate places covered to • Supervisor - gases emissions of term/minor minimize dust; dust-suspended • Vehicles and construction machinery will be required to be properly maintained and to comply with relevant emission standards; particulates - emissions from the • Conduction of regular maintenance of the vehicles and construction mobile sources machinery in order to reduce the leakages of motor oils, emissions and dispersion of pollution; (vehicles and construction • Vehicle loads likely to emit dust need to be covered; machinery) of CO2, • Usage of protective masks for the workers if the dust seems to be NOx, PAH, SO2 appeared; • Restriction of the vehicle speed within the construction location; • Burning of debris from ground clearance not permitted Possible noise disturbance Local • The level of noise should be not exceed more that national limited level • Contractor – as a result of outdoor (according to national legislation and EU requirement); Bidder equipment usage and Short term • The construction work should be not permitted during the nights, the • Supervisor transportation vehicles /major operations on site shall be restricted to the hours 7.00 -19.00; driving around the sites • The workers should be provided with ear protective devices (ear muffs and/or ear plugs) 55 Potential impact Impact scale Proposed mitigation measures Responsibility Possible adverse Local • Identification of the different waste types at the reconstruction site (soil, • Contractor – environmental impact and sand, asphalt, pieces of asphalt, road surfacing, bottles, food, parts of Bidder health effects could be Short pipes, paper, broken concrete etc…); • Supervisor occurred as a result of term/major • Classification of waste according the national List of Waste (Official Gazette no.100/05) generation of the different • The main waste would be classified under the Waste Chapter 17 waste streams “Construction and demolition wastes (including excavated soil)” with the The inappropriate waste waste code 17 01 – Waste from concrete, bricks, 17 05 04 – Excavated management and not in soil, 17 09 04 – Mixed waste from construction site, 17 03 - bituminous time collection and mixtures; transportation of waste • Small amount of solid municipal waste could be found (food, beverages), streams as well as packaging waste (paper, bottles, glass, etc.) • Transportation and final disposal of the inert and communal waste by the • Municipality staff Public Utility Enterprise; (Communal Inspector/ • The contract with the company for waste collection and transportation Environmental should be signed for collection and transport of waste to the Landfill; Inspector) • The construction waste should be promptly removed from the site, should be re-used if it is possible; • The materials should be covered during the transportation to avoid waste dispersion; • Burning of construction waste should be prohibited; • Fulfillment of the Annual Report for non-hazardous waste management by the Mayor of Municipality and reporting to the Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning; • Possible hazardous waste (motor oils, vehicle fuels) should be collected separately and authorized collector and transporter should be sub- contracted to transport and finally dispose the hazardous waste Soil pollution Local The possible mitigation measures for minimization of the soil pollution could be: • Contractor –Bidder • Transportation vehicles should be enclosed to avoid potential leakage; • Supervisor The negligible impacts on Short term soil arising from construction /minor • Promptly clean-up spills of transported material on public roads and activities are expected. The construction sites; compaction of soil can be • Proper positioning of the water drainage system on the construction site expected due to vehicle • All roads and asphalt surfaces should be maintained clean in order to movement, ground prevent runoffs from them into the ground water and other water flows; 56 Potential impact Impact scale Proposed mitigation measures Responsibility contamination from the • Not to keep fuel, oil or lubricants along the alignment, especially not in the spillage of materials such as vicinity of draining structures vehicle fuel, motor oils, asphalt, inert waste, construction waste. Possible impact on soil and water and cause the erosion of the land as a result of loss of upper soil layer due to erosion as a result of construction activities 57 11.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION PLAN FOR THE PROJECT – CONSTRUCTION OF SMALL SCALE WASTE WATER TREATMENT PLANT Potential impact Impact scale Proposed mitigation measures Responsibility Project activity: Marking out the location for construction of Waste Water Treatment Plant Possible adverse social Local/Regional Issues to be considered in plant and process design: • Investor and Project and health impacts for all • All feasible alternative project designs should be explored to avoid or Main Design Developer stakeholders in the Long term at least minimise physical and/or economic displacement; • Main Design Supervisor construction and term/major • All conditions issued by national permitting bodies need to be taken operational phase of into consideration; WWTP due to: • The environmental, OH&S and community safety measures proposed • Unsafe start of need to be incorporated in the project design; • The design of infrastructure objects (WWTP, pumping station, etc…) construction works should be made in most environment friendly way and by • Not compliance with implementing BAT for this types of structures; health and safety at • Design of the technological process should provide as much use of work procedure gravity flow as possible; • Inappropriate public • Equipment & machines and technology selection should also include access or traffic ‘energy efficiency ‘as selection criterion; disturbance • Selection of mechanical and electrical equipment with low noise level characteristics. The equipment and machinery installed at the • Not compliance with proposed WWTP should meet all national noise regulation for max. working conditions allowed noise levels at day and night time; prescribed in obtained • The sufficiency of dimensioning the plant (main and auxiliary construction/ equipment); operational permits - • Examination of the sub-processes in term of necessity for their refer to the technology duplication and spare parts. There must be at least one spare pump used available for incoming water; • Primary treatment must be located indoors for easy maintenance and control of the odour nuisance; • Possibility to by-pass the different units during the maintenance; • Application of BAT for sludge treatment, transport and deposition at landfill. Spare equipment and double lines, enough storage place and 58 Potential impact Impact scale Proposed mitigation measures Responsibility backup plan for transporting the sludge are needed; • The efficient mixing of chemicals must be ensured and optimization of energy and chemicals consumption need to be considered; • Planning & organization of construction works should ensure minimization of leakages of polluted wastewater to groundwater. Project activity: Construction of Waste Water Treatment Plant Possible impacts on Local • Site Management Plan need to be developed before star up activities; • Contractor –Bidder landscape and visual • Good construction practices have to be implemented – including • Supervisor aspects Long fencing and protection of construction site according to national term/minor legislation; • Minimization of the construction area as much as possible ; • Fully clean-up of the construction site immediately after accomplishment of activities phase by phase; • Collection of the generated waste on daily basis, selection of waste, transportation and final disposal on appropriate places (according the type of waste – more details under Waste management issue). Possible adverse social Local Application of good practice for marking out the construction site including: • Contractor –Bidder and health impacts to the • Preparation of the Traffic Management Plan together with the • Supervisor Short term municipal staff; community, drivers and • Municipality staff workers due to: /major • Preparation of the Site Management Plan and OH&S Plan; (Communal • Provide the information via local radio/TV station/local newspaper • Lack of ensured safety Inspector/Environmental about the construction activities - duration of work and possible traffic measures at the start access; Inspector/Traffic of construction works ; • Notice boards about the construction activities need to be posted; Engineer/OH&S • Injury due to passing • Light over the evenings and nights on the construction site need to be Inspector) near by the provided; construction WWTP • Safeguard service (24 hours) need to be organized; site; • Ensure the appropriate marking out the construction site; • Non-compliance with • Forbidden of entrance of unemployed persons within the warning tapes; strict OH& S standards • Community and Worker’s OH&S measures should be applied (first and work procedure; aid, protective personal equipment and tools for the workers, • Inappropriate public appropriate ergonomic machines and tools); 59 Potential impact Impact scale Proposed mitigation measures Responsibility access • The portable toilet should be placed on the construction site Possible emissions by Local • Construction site, transportation routes and materials handling sites • Contractor –Bidder transportation vehicles should be water-sprayed on dry and windy days, especially near • Supervisor Short residential areas; and impact on air quality • Municipality staff due to: term/minor • Vehicles and construction machinery will be required to be properly (Communal maintained and to comply with relevant emission standards; - gases emissions of Inspector/Environmental • Construction materials should be stored in appropriate places covered dust-suspended to minimize dust; Inspector/Traffic particulates • Regular maintenance of the vehicles and construction machinery is Engineer/ - emissions from the needed and keep records on site; mobile sources • Vehicle loads likely to emit dust need to be covered; (vehicles and • Restriction of the vehicle speed within the construction location; construction • Burning of debris from ground clearance not permitted; machinery) of CO2, • The measures for avoidance and minimization of impact from the NOx, PAH, SO2 ; corrosive and toxic gases need to be applied (inspection of potential sources, implementation of the emergency response plans if the accident occurs, the hydrogen sulphide could be reduced by local ventilation system, etc.); Possible noise disturbance Local • The level of noise at the site should be not exceed more that national • Contractor –Bidder as a result of outdoor limited level (according to national legislation and EU requirement); • Supervisor equipment usage and Short term • The construction work should be not permitted during the nights, the transportation vehicles /major operations on site shall be restricted to the hours 7.00 -19.00; • The workers should be provided with ear protective devices (ear muffs driving around the sites and/or ear plugs); • If necessary, the modification of the design specifications need to be performed - low noise ventilation fans, pumps and electromotor drives; • Installation of noise enclosures or buffers; • The Traffic Management Plan need to be developed and submitted prior start - up of construction activities. 60 Potential impact Impact scale Proposed mitigation measures Responsibility Possible adverse Local • Identification of the different waste types at the construction WWTP • Contractor –Bidder environmental impact and site (soil, sand, inert waste, bottles, food, parts of pipes, paper, • Supervisor Short concrete etc…) and waste stream classification according the health effects could be • Municipality staff occurred as a result of term/major national List of Waste (Official Gazette no.100/05); (Communal Inspector/ • The main waste would be classified under the Waste Chapter 17 generation of the different Environmental Inspector) “Construction and demolition wastes (including excavated soil)” with waste streams the waste code 17 01 – Waste from concrete, bricks, 17 05 04 – The inappropriate waste Excavated soil, 17 09 04 – Mixed waste from construction site, 17 03 - management and not in bituminous mixtures; time collection and • Other possible hazardous waste (motor oils, vehicle fuels) should be transportation of waste collected separately as well and authorized collector and transporter streams should be sub-contracted to transport and finally dispose the hazardous waste; • Transportation and final disposal of the inert and communal waste by the Public Utility Enterprise within the municipality; • The contract with the company for waste collection and transportation should be signed for collection and transport of waste to the Landfill; • The construction waste should be promptly removed from the site, should be re-used if it is possible; • The materials should be covered during the transportation to avoid waste dispersion; • Burning of construction waste should be prohibited; • Fulfilment of the Annual Report for non-hazardous waste management by the Mayor of Municipality and reporting to the Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning. The negligible impacts on Local The possible mitigation measures for minimization of the soil pollution could • Contractor –Bidder soil arising from Short term be: • Supervisor construction activities are • Transportation vehicles should be enclosed to avoid potential /minor expected as a result of: leakage; - Vehicle • Promptly clean-up spills of transported material on public roads and movement, ground construction sites; contamination • Proper positioning of the water drainage system on the construction from the spillage site of materials such • All roads and asphalt surfaces should be maintained clean in order to 61 Potential impact Impact scale Proposed mitigation measures Responsibility as vehicle fuel, prevent runoffs from them into the ground water and other water motor oils, asphalt, flows; construction • Not to keep fuel, oil or lubricants along the alignment, especially not in waste. the vicinity of draining structures Project activity: Operation of Waste Water Treatment Plant Local • Operations Manual for commissioning of the WWTP must set out • Operator of the WWTP Possible accidents and essential operating and maintenance procedures to ensure optimum • Municipality staff Long environmental management of the activity that will be performed, (Communal injuries to the workers and community due to: term/major • Preparation of Emergency Plan that will address, but not be limited to Inspector/Environmental the following potential events: treatment plant failures, effluent quality - handling and noncompliance, operator errors, natural event emergencies and spills Inspector) disposal of grit or overflow; particles, handling • Comprehensive Training (Operation, maintenance and Environmental and disposal of Management of WWTP) need to be organized for operators. Special sludge and other attention has to be paid to occupational health and training of everyday activities workers, to avoid direct contact with wastewater and sludge; - Failures into the • The WWTP site must be fenced, notice boards need to be posted process informing that entrance for unemployed persons is forbidden; Safeguard service must be ensured (24/7); • Protection personal clothes and equipment need to be provided for all operators and they need to wear them; • Adequate worker’s facilities must be built to promote appropriate occupational health and safety (OH&S) – toilets, rooms for changing the clothes, resting room for lunch breaks, etc. • Fresh water must be supplied for sanitary purposes; • The WWTP need to be maintained by qualified staff or sub-contracted authorised company; • Monitoring of process performances to be installed & used for adjustments and improvements; • Preventive and Maintenance Plans for the proper handling and working of the equipment and process units need to be developed and duly implemented; • Enough spare parts need to be ordered in advance to avoid failures and long out of orders; 62 Potential impact Impact scale Proposed mitigation measures Responsibility • Modern instrumentation and automation need to be utilized to increase the reliability and to decrease risks; • The measuring devices’ calibration must be ensured and records for calibration need to be kept; • Energy consumption should be monitored separately in each part of the process. Pollution of river if Regional • The quality of the treated water, prior discharging to the recipient, • Operator of the incoming waste water is shall comply with the quality prescribed in the obtained permission for WWTP not efficiently treated Long discharging into the surface watercourses, issued by the Ministry of • Municipality staff term/major the environment and physical planning, regarding the Law on Waters (Communal (“Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia” No. 87/08, 6/09, 161/09, 83/10, 51/11, 44/12, 123/12, 93/13, 163/13, 42/14), Decree Inspector/Environm on Water Classification ("Official Gazette of RM" no. 18/99), Decree ental Inspector) on categorization of the watercourses, lakes, reservoirs and groundwater ("Official Gazette of RM" no. 18/99), Rulebook on detailed conditions for collection and treatment, the manner and terms of design, construction and exploitation systems and purification stations urban wastewater, as well as technical standards, parameters and emission standards and quality norms pre-treatment, wastewater removal and treatment Improper sludge Regional • Preparing the Sludge Disposal Management Plan for removal of the • Operator of the (generated during the sludge and grit particles (monitoring sludge quality, heavy-metals WWTP treatment of waste water) Long concentrations in sludge; identifying land for disposal taking care on • Municipality staff and waste management term/major the concentrations of heavy metals in soil where the sludge is planned could cause odour (Communal to be used; restrictions on amounts of metals which may be added nuisance and also annually to the land). Inspector/Environm pollution of the water, soil • The frequency for sludge analysis with sampling and analysis ental Inspector) etc.) methods (soil sampling, sludge sampling and methods for analysis) should also be defined into the Sludge Disposal Management Plan. • Handling of the sludge has to be in compliance with the national standards, stipulated in the Law on Waters (“Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia” No. 87/08, 6/09, 161/09, 83/10, 51/11, 44/12, 123/12, 93/13, 163/13, 42/14) and Rulebook on the manner and procedure for use of the sludge, the maximum values of the concentrations of heavy metals in the soil that is used sludge, values 63 Potential impact Impact scale Proposed mitigation measures Responsibility of concentrations of heavy metals in sludge, in accordance with its purpose and the maximum annual quantities of heavy metals that may be entered in the soil ("Official Gazette of RM" No. 73/11) Odour may create some • Transportation of the sludge has to be done in closed tankers for • Operator of the level of nuisance, during avoiding of the odor nuisance. Spillages have to be avoided during WWTP operation from ponds and loading, transportation and unloading of the sludge; • Municipality staff the sludge removal (if • The control the odour sources and to avoid storing dewatering sludge WWTP does not function (Communal in the plant; Inspector/Environm well, the sludge can emit • To plant greenbelt around the plant; strong odour). Odour from • Possible hazardous waste from the WWTP laboratory should be ental Inspector) a WWTP is caused by the collected separately and packaging, labeling and transportation presence of one or more should be organized as for “hazardous waste” by authorized compounds in sewage company; (sulphides, mercaptans, • The measures for avoidance and minimization of impact from the disulphate and volatile corrosive and toxic gases need to be applied (inspection of potential fatty acids are responsible sources, implementation of the emergency response plans if the for the odour). accident occurs, the hydrogen sulphide could be reduced by local ventilation system, etc.); 64 11.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION PLAN FOR THE PROJECT - REHABILITATION/RECONSTRUCTION OR CONSTRUCTION OF VARIOUS LOCAL STREET/ LOCAL ROAD Potential impact Impact scale Proposed mitigation measures Responsibility Project activity : Marking out the route for Rehabilitation/Reconstruction or Construction of various street/ local road Possible adverse social Local Application of good practice for marking out the construction site including: • Contractor –Bidder and health impacts to the • Preparation of the Traffic Management Plan together with the • Supervisor Short term /mayor municipal staff; community, drivers and • Municipality staff workers due to: • Provide the information via local radio/TV station/local newspaper (Communal • Lack of ensured safety about the reconstruction activities – start and finish of work for each Inspector/Environme measures at the start day and location of activities, duration of work and traffic access on ntal Inspector/Traffic of reconstruction other streets; Engineer) works • Ensure the appropriate marking out the construction site /section by • Ministry of internal • Injury passing near by section; affairs the • Forbidden of entrance of unemployed persons within the warning reconstruction/constru tapes; ction sites • Community and Worker’s OH&S measures should be applied (first • Non-compliance with aid, protective clothes for the workers, appropriate machines and strict OH& S tools); standards and work • The street and around sidewalks/small roads should be kept clean; procedure • The portable toilet should be placed on the construction site • Inappropriate public access Project activity : Rehabilitation/Reconstruction or Construction of the street/local road 65 Potential impact Impact scale Proposed mitigation measures Responsibility Possible impact on Local • Minimization of the construction area as much as possible (carefully • Contractor –Bidder landscape and visual planning and design of the project activity according the Traffic • Supervisor environment Short term /mayor Management Plan for a certain period of time); • Municipality staff • Fully clean-up of the construction site immediately after (Communal accomplishment of each section of the reconstructed street; Inspector/Environme • Collection of the generated waste on daily basis, selection of waste, ntal Inspector/Traffic transportation and final disposal on appropriate places (according the Engineer) type of waste – more details under waste management issue); Possible emissions by Local • Reconstruction site, transportation routes and materials handling • Contractor –Bidder transportation vehicles sites should be water-sprayed on dry and windy days; • Supervisor Short term during • Construction materials should be stored in appropriate places and impact on air quality • Municipality staff due to: the covered to minimize dust; (Communal reconstruction/mayor - gases emissions of • Vehicle loads likely to emit dust need to be covered; Inspector/Environme dust-suspended • Usage of protective masks for the workers if the dust seems to be ntal Inspector/Traffic particulates appeared Engineer) - emissions from the • Restriction of the vehicle speed within the construction location; mobile sources • Information to the citizens about the construction work should be (vehicles and announced through the local radio/TV station for re-route on other construction streets and carefully low speed driving near the reconstruction site machinery) of CO2, NOx, PAH, SO2 Possible Noise Local • The level of noise should be not exceed more that national limited • Contractor –Bidder disturbance as a result of Short term /mayor level (according to national legislation and EU requirement); • Supervisor outdoor equipment usage • The construction work should be not permitted during the nights, the • Municipality staff and transportation operations on site shall be restricted to the hours 7.00 -19.00 (Communal vehicles driving around particularly for pilling Inspector/Environme the sites ntal Inspector/Traffic Engineer) 66 Potential impact Impact scale Proposed mitigation measures Responsibility Possible adverse Local • Identification of the different waste types at the reconstruction site • Contractor –Bidder environmental impact and (soil, sand, asphalt, pieces of asphalt, road surfacing, bottles, food, • Supervisor Short term during health effects could be etc.; • Municipality staff occurred as a result of the • Classification of waste according the national List of Waste (Official (Communal generation of the different reconstruction/mayor Gazette no.100/05) ; Inspector/Environme waste streams • The main waste would be classified under the Waste Chapter 17 ntal Inspector) The inappropriate “Construction and demolition wastes (including excavated soil from waste management and contaminated sites)” with the waste code 17 01 – Waste from not in time collection and concrete, bricks, 17 05 04 – Excavated soil, 17 09 04 – Mixed waste transportation of waste from construction site; streams • Small amount of solid municipal waste could be found (food, beverages), as well as packaging waste (paper, bottles, glass, etc.; • Transportation and final disposal of the inert and communal waste by the Communal Utility Enterprise; • Fulfillment of the Annual Report for non-hazardous waste management by the Mayor and reporting to the Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning; • The construction waste should be promptly removed from the site, should be re-used if it is possible; • Possible hazardous waste (motor oils, vehicle fuels) should be collected separately and authorized collector and transporter should be sub-contracted to transport and finally dispose the hazardous waste 67 11.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION PLAN FOR THE PROJECT – PROVIDING BASIC EQUIPMENT FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF PUBLIC HYGIENE (VEHICLES FOR COLLECTION OF COMMUNAL WASTE AND PROCUREMENT OF WASTE CONTAINERS) Potential impact Impact scale Proposed mitigation measures Responsibility Project activity: Delivery of basic equipment (vehicles for collection of communal waste and waste containers) Positive environmental, social Local/ The preventive measures could be implemented when the new vehicle is delivered • Contractor – and health impact to the including: Bidder Long improved collection and term/major • Check all technical specifications of the delivered vehicle in compare with the • Director of transportation of solid waste in the CSE and technical requirements (EURO 4 engine specification and noise specifications the settlements which are not technical staff covered with communal as min. env. requirements) established prior the tender procedure within the service • Check the fuel quantity, lubrication oil quantity, breaking and steering system CSE at the spot and lighting system as well • The review of the producer manual and driving manual recommendations for smoothly running of the vehicle (nomination of the responsible person within the CSE) • Delivery of short running training to driver/drivers of the vehicle for the most economically running of the truck and training for communal workers operating with vehicle collection mechanism • Delivery of training for regular maintenance of the vehicle as well Project activity: Putting the vehicle into operation Environmental and health Local • Perform the procedure of homologation of the vehicle at the Faculty of • Contractor – impacts Mechanical Science Bidder Long Improper term/major • The technical specifications provided by the vehicle supplier should be • Director of put into operation (running), or the CSE and not prior check of the fuel checked according the EURO 4 emission standards, general and specific technical staff quantity, lubrication oil quantity safety requirements and all fitted devices like: rear protection devices, within the and breaking and steering warning light, speed limitation device, braking and anti-blocking system, CSE system at the spot could cause electrical and hydraulic system for waste compression, etc. adverse environmental and • The noise specification should be checked as well health impacts. • The level of noise should be not exceed more that national limited level The non-compliance of the (according to national legislation and EU requirement); EURO 4 engine standards on 68 Potential impact Impact scale Proposed mitigation measures Responsibility emissions limit values could • Perform the annual approval test at the authorised compliance body issuing cause more pressure to the air the registration card for the vehicle quality: • For traffic control and safety, the information about the project – new waste • High emission of GHGs and collection vehicles should be announced through the local radio/TV informing other pollutants (CO, HC, about the planned vehicle routes and frequency of waste collection PM and NOx) (especially important for new settlements which will be covered with • More environmental communal service) pressure on the human life • The traffic flow through the Municipality need to be coordinated with the and plant life through responsible technical staff within the CSE formation of tropospheric ozone and climate change • More indirectly health problems with human respiratory system The non-compliance with noise requirements will cause noise disturbance Project activity: Regular operation of the waste collection vehicle Improper or lack of regular Local/Regional • Regular maintenance and repair of the new vehicle and delivery of the spare • Director of maintenance could increase parts on time by the professional service company the CSE and Long the environmental and • Signing a contract with the service company for regular maintenance, technical staff term/major occupational safety risks and within CSE health risks to all citizens due replacement of spare parts, preventive lubricant oil changes, checks on to the following: electronic and hydraulic compression waste system, proper tire maintenance as one of the most important safety function, etc. • low fuel efficiency, • Regular washing of the vehicle and keep the parking site clean • higher emissions of GHGs • Forbidden replacement of motor and hydraulic oil at the parking site to avoid and other pollutants (CO, the oil and pollution of waters and soil HC, PM and NOx) • Perform regular annual approval test during the annual registration of the • increase of noise level vehicle • leakages of liquid waste from • During the approval test the environmental and safety checks should be performed according the vehicle protocol (related to noise, exhaust emissions 69 Potential impact Impact scale Proposed mitigation measures Responsibility the truck and fitted devices) • not good fitting of the all • The CSE should prepare the Fuel consumption and CO2 emissions data vehicle components Report on annual base (compression system for • The Report should contain at least the amount of diesel fuel consumption, example) and spoil of type of diesel fuel used and the CO2 emissions derived from the waste on the streets consumption, total length of the routes passed, the distance routes among • impropriate odour due to the local settlements and all settlements covered with waste collection and lack of truck washing distances to the municipal landfill practice • The CSE should prepare the Waste Collection Plan on monthly/annual base • water and soil pollution as a including all local settlements with frequency of collection and the most result of possible oil efficient traffic routes leakages • The CSE should perform regular measurements of the ground waters quality nearby the landfill according the legal regulation during operation phase • Primary selection of used paper and PET bottles as a recyclable waste in order to decrease the quantity and volume of waste collected (Placement of several collection bins for disposal of paper and PET bottles) • Announcement of the possibility for primary selection of these two waste types to all citizens through already established communication channels (during the distribution of communal bills) • Signing the Contract with authorized collectors for recyclable waste to collect, transport and recycle primary selected paper and PET bottles. 70 11.5 ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION PLAN FOR THE PROJECT – REPLACEMENT OF THE STREET LIGHTING Project Potential impact Impact Proposed mitigation measures activity scale Responsibilities Removal the used mercury vapor lamps Removal the Lamp carriers-arches/ the Lantern lamps Placement of new sodium light bulbs and new Lamp carriers-arches and Lantern lamps-arches • • Adverse environmental Local/ Application of good practice for handling the mercury vapor bulbs • Contractor – impacts to soil, ground waters • Power disconnection during the removing to avoid risk of fatal Bidder Regional and air quality as well as electric shock • Supervisor posing a health threat due to • Wearing disposable rubber or plastic protection gloves • Municipality staff the following: • Upon removal from the fixture the bulb must immediately be (Communal - inappropriate handling placed in strong box or other container to prevent bulb Inspector/Environm during the operation of breakage since the hazardous vapor is contained inside bulb ental removing the bulbs • Appropriate package box must be sufficiently strong to prevent Inspector/Traffic - incidentally bulb breaking damage to the bulbs during the normal storage or while being Engineer)Inspector - no adequate identification transported to the storage facility as hazardous waste • If the bulb breaks, the operators must wear the gloves to pick according the National List up the glass shards using the two pieces of stiff paper or of waste cardboard as shards are sharp - collection, transportation of • The operator must wipe the area with a damp paper towel or a the waste mercury vapor disposable wet wipe to pick up any small shards and the lamps by non-authorized powder residue company • The broken glass and end pieces should be placed in a plastic - not appropriate selection, bag as well as the used gloves and all debris. The bag should packaging and labeling of be sealed and placed the plastic bag in a paper bag or box to used mercury lamps as prevent the glass from puncturing the plastic bag. The box hazardous waste stream should be labeled as hazardous waste - mix of the waste mercury • Place the temporary protection fence around the light in order lamps with non-hazardous to protect street walkers of evaporation if mercury bulb breaks waste or with municipal • Usage of Material Safety Data Sheet for mercury vapor lamps waste for occupational and safety precautionary measures for - final disposal of the waste operators (appropriate hand and eye protection should be worn mercury lamps to the 71 Project Potential impact Impact Proposed mitigation measures activity scale Responsibilities Removal the used mercury vapor lamps Removal the Lamp carriers-arches/ the Lantern lamps Placement of new sodium light bulbs and new Lamp carriers-arches and Lantern lamps-arches municipality landfill when disposing of lamps or handling broken glass) • Apply the emergency and normal first aid procedure for glass cuts if such occur through lamp breakage Identification of the used mercury vapor lamps as a hazardous waste stream • Classification of the used vapor lamps as a hazardous according the national List of Waste (Official Gazette no.100/05) • The waste has been classified under the Waste Chapter 20 “Municipal wastes (household waste and similar commercial, industrial and institutional wastes) including separately collected fractions” with the waste code 20 01 21* - “fluorescent tubes and other mercury containing waste” (an asterisk * means that waste has at least one hazardous characteristic) Separation of the hazardous from non-hazardous waste streams at the light location site Municipality must sign a Contract with authorized company/person to collect and transport the hazardous waste in accordance with national legislation with emphasis on the transportation of hazardous (toxic) goods: • Issuing the license to company/person for collection and transportation of hazardous waste (Law on Waste – Official Gazette no. 68/2004, 71/2004. 107/2007), • Obligations for packaging and labeling of hazardous waste (Rulebook on conditions for hazardous waste handling, packaging and labeling – Official Gazette no. 15/08), • Transportation of the hazardous waste (Law on Transport of Dangerous Substances (Official Gazette of RM No. 92/07) Apply appropriate packaging and labeling of the boxes with waste 72 Project Potential impact Impact Proposed mitigation measures activity scale Responsibilities Removal the used mercury vapor lamps Removal the Lamp carriers-arches/ the Lantern lamps Placement of new sodium light bulbs and new Lamp carriers-arches and Lantern lamps-arches mercury vapor bulbs • The packaging should follow the requirements of national legislation • The label should present the hazardous classification code, attention note ”HAZARDOUS WASTE”, general data for the waste holder, R-risk phrase, S – safety phrase, quantity of waste, physical conditions of hazardous waste and graphical symbol The transport of hazardous waste is forbidden if it is not packaged and labeled according the national legislation requirements Avoid to dispose the hazardous mercury vapor bulbs waste into the municipal waste bins/containers – mixture of hazardous with non- hazardous wastes is forbidden The hazardous waste packaged and labeled should be temporary stored on safety storage facility equipped with adequate ventilation, fire resistant conditions especially if there are broken mercury lamps The Municipality will temporary dispose the boxes with unbroken lamps into the separate room in the basement of the municipality building, well ventilated, locked with key and no heavy materials above the boxes placed The separate box for broken lamps should be placed on safety, very well ventilated place out of urban surrounding, locked with key and restricted entrance (The Municipality will ensure the adequate place) For final disposal the hazardous waste should be placed into the hazardous waste landfill Fulfillment of the Annual Report for collection and transport of hazardous waste management by the transporter and reporting to 73 Project Potential impact Impact Proposed mitigation measures activity scale Responsibilities Removal the used mercury vapor lamps Removal the Lamp carriers-arches/ the Lantern lamps Placement of new sodium light bulbs and new Lamp carriers-arches and Lantern lamps-arches the Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning Identification of the generated waste streams during the dismantling the lamp carriers – arches and lantern lamps – aches • Classification of the removed parts according the national List of Waste (Official Gazette no.100/05) • The steel pipes, tracks from used arches, zinced screws and rivets have been classified under the Waste Chapter 17 “Construction and demolition wastes (including excavated soil from contaminated sites)” with the waste code 17 04 – Metals, 17 04 04 “zinc” and 17 04 05 “iron and steel” and 17 04 11 “cables without dangerous substances” • The waste has been identified as a non-hazardous waste that could be recycled Separation of the steel pipes, steel tracks, pieces of cables, zinced screws and rivets from the old lamp carriers-arches from the hazardous waste at the light location site Regular operation and maintenance of the lights • Possible adverse environmental Local Perform the periodically checkups and necessary steps need to be • Municipality staff and health risk due to the taken for safety usage of streetlights Short- following: term - broken lamp - vibrations of the vehicles could cause the screws, steel tracks or rivets to get loosened 74 11.6 ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION PLAN FOR THE PROJECT – CONSTRUCTION/RECONSTRUCTION OF SCHOOL BUILDING Potential impact Impact scale Proposed mitigation measures Responsibility Project activity: Demolition of the old school and construction of the new school building a) OH&S issues Local/ short • Adequate warning tapes and information signs around the old school • Contractor –Bidder Possible adverse health term/certain during the demolition activities and around the new construction need to • Supervisor to happen/ be provided and maintained during the civil works; impacts to the workers, high facility users and significance • For the workers - the legally prescribed health and safety measures general population in should be applied, like: a) use of proper protective clothing and the community due to: equipment by employees, especially masks against dust and small - Location of school in wooden parts and fibres, and safety harnesses for work at heights; b) the urban area Maintain a good level of personal hygiene; c) Health protection-fist aid kits - Possible injury to and medical service on sites need to be provided during the works; people and school • Protection of pedestrians, general population and students - fence the users due to ongoing area and prevent access of non-authorized personnel to construction site; works • Organize 24-hour guard watch of the site; - Non - compliance with • The surrounding area (school yard) should be kept clean, without waste national health and disposed there. The waste need to be collected and immediately removed safety at work from the yard as it could be a cause of injury; procedures • The old windows and doors should be temporary put on safe place which - Non - compliance with is designed to prevent access of unauthorized persons; local community • The demolition related activities should be conducted outside of normal safety regulations school hours to the extent most feasible; • Separation of the work areas from demolition and occupied areas of the buildings as much as possible using physical barriers; • Limit the foot traffic between work areas and occupied areas of the buildings; • The project site should be lighted during the nights; • Following safety guidelines for the storage, transport, and distribution of hazardous materials to minimize the potential for misuse, spills, and accidental human exposure; 75 Potential impact Impact scale Proposed mitigation measures Responsibility Project activity: Demolition of the old school and construction of the new school building • The eventually broken windows glass (in the class, corridors or outside) should be clean immediately; • Regular maintenance of vehicles to minimize potentially serious accidents caused by equipment malfunction or premature failure; • Using labeling and placarding (external signs on transport vehicles). • The cleaning schedule of the buildings should be increased to address the • Municipal staff extra dust and dirt created by the demolition work; (Communal • Information that the demolition is ongoing should be posted on the Inspector/Environme ntal Inspector) entrance doors of the other prefabricated sheds; • School officials • The work during the breaks between class lessons should be prohibited; • The Dynamic Plan for re-schedule of the occupied school rooms should be done in accordance of demolition/construction work progress; • If possible begin and end demolition activities during the summer months or while staff and kids are not in school. b) Waste management Local/ short • Preparation of the Waste Management Plan for the expected waste • Contractor –Bidder Possible adverse term/certain streams during the decommissioning and construction phases of the • Supervisor to happen project and its approval, within 15 days of starting the activities on site. environmental impact and with high health effects could occur The Plan must be reviewed and approved by the site supervisor. significance due to inappropriate waste • Identify the hazardous and non-hazardous waste and separate them at management with various the demolition/construction site; waste streams • The majority of waste would be classified under the Waste Chapter 17 “Construction and demolition wastes” with the waste code 17 01 – Waste from concrete, bricks, 17 09 04 – Mixed waste from construction site including glass from old windows and manage in accordance with national waste legislation for inert waste (separation at the spot, collection and temporary storage, re-use if it is possible, transport to the final deposition site); • Small quantities of glue, paint, packaging waste from paints and glue, 76 Potential impact Impact scale Proposed mitigation measures Responsibility Project activity: Demolition of the old school and construction of the new school building aluminum profiles, screws and other construction material could be found after the finalization of the project and manage in accordance with national HW legislation (collection of hazardous materials, label as hazardous waste and give to the authorized company); • The contract with the company for waste collection and transportation should be signed for collection and transport of waste including old windows and doors; • The materials should be covered during the transportation to avoid waste dispersion; • Burning of construction waste is prohibited; • The old windows and doors should be stored temporary in separate room • School officials in the school or if it is not possible outside in the yard covered and labeled “not to open/uncover” until final disposal happened. c) Water quality Local/Short • Possible hazardous waste (motor oils, vehicle fuels, lubricants) should be • Contractor –Bidder Possible environmental term/ collected separately and authorized company should be sub-contracted to • Supervisor impact on the underground Medium transport and finally dispose the hazardous waste; water could occur due to significance/ • Dismantling of the equipment (fuel reservoirs, boiler) should be done by ground contamination from trained persons in order to avoid the potential effects of oil spills on soil, Low the spillage of materials which would contaminate the underground water. propability such as vehicle fuel, motor oils, lubricants and improper dismantling of the boilers and fuel reservoirs d) Noise Local/Short • The equipment should be fitted with appropriate noise devices that will • Contractor –Bidder The construction activities term/ reduce sound level; • Supervisor and traffic will cause noise Medium • The level of noise should not exceed more than national limited values for • Communal and vibration due to the significance/ noise level (depends on the area of protection where the works take Inspector/Environme machinery and vehicles ntal Inspector Certain to place); used for transport of • The construction work should be not permitted during the nights, the happen construction materials, 77 Potential impact Impact scale Proposed mitigation measures Responsibility Project activity: Demolition of the old school and construction of the new school building transport of workers, and operations on site shall be restricted to the hours 7.00 -19.00; transport of waste produce • The vehicles that are excessively noisy shall not be operated until in decommissioning and corrective measures have been taken. constructive phase e) Air quality Local/Short • Usage of protective masks for the workers; • Contractor –Bidder The decommissioning and term/Low • Vehicles and construction machinery will be required to be properly • Supervisor significance/ maintained and to comply with relevant emission standards; construction activities will initiate emissions from the Certain to • Conduction of regular maintenance of the vehicles and construction mobile sources (vehicles happen machinery in order to reduce the leakages of motor oils, emissions and and construction dispersion of pollution; machinery) of CO2, NOx, PAH, SO2 and suspended • Vehicle loads have to be covered to prevent emission of dust; particulates (PM10, PM2.5). • Construction site, transportation routes and materials handling sites should be water-sprayed on dry and windy days, especially due to The airborne dust will be students and residential areas neighborhood; caused by dismantling of • Communal the equipment, excavation, • Construction materials should be stored in appropriate covered places to Inspector/ vehicle movement and minimize dust; Environmental handling with materials, • Open burning of debris will not be permitted Inspector particularly around the • Restriction of the vehicle speed within the construction location construction site Project activity: Removal of the asbestos containing wall panels - ACM (removal of the existing asbestos sheets, temporary disposal until final transportation and disposal of the asbestos sheets) 78 Potential impact Impact scale Proposed mitigation measures Responsibility Project activity: Demolition of the old school and construction of the new school building a) OH&S issues Local/ short • Post signs indicating” ASBESTOS REMOVAL – NO ADMITTANCE” on • Contractor –Bidder term/major the workplace in the school yard; Possible adverse health impacts to the workers, at the • Restrict access to the removal area to those people directly involved in the • Supervisor location of facility users, students and asbestos removal and site supervisor and municipal inspectors; school general public as a result building • The roof should be demolish during nonworking days to decrease the of emissions of asbestos health risks to students; fibers and dust during the removal of asbestos • Install barriers tape and warning signs in proximity to the school; sheets, their transport and • For the workers - the personal protective equipment must be provided to final disposal all workers (full body covering including the head, water proof foot and hand protection and eye protection, dust mask with special HEPA filter ; • Maintain a good level of personal hygiene (facility for washing hands and face should be made available and need to be used by each employee when leaving the work area, all protective clothing and equipment shall work in the work area, footwear is to retain in the work area until work is completed, • Health protection-fist aid kits and medical service on sites need to be provided during the works; • No smoking, drinking, eating or chewing is allowed inside the working area; • The surrounding area (school yard, halls and corridors) should be kept clean, without ACM waste disposed there. The ACM waste (roof sheets or side wall panels) need to be collected, packaged and immediately removed from the school yard. • If possible begin and end demolition activities during the summer months • School officials or while staff and students are not in school. b)ACM Waste Local/ short • The personal in charge for removal of ACM roof sheets or side wall panels management term/major should be trained on proper safety dismantling of the roof sheets • Contractor –Bidder impact minimizing the health risks; Possible adverse • Supervisor environmental impact and • The identification of the asbestos containing material – waste as a 79 Potential impact Impact scale Proposed mitigation measures Responsibility Project activity: Demolition of the old school and construction of the new school building health effects could occur hazardous waste should be done ; due to inappropriate • The ACM waste need to be classified as a hazardous waste under the handling with waste Waste Chapter 17 “Construction and demolition wastes” with the waste containing asbestos code 17 06 05* – Construction material containing asbestos in accordance with List of waste (Official Gazette of RM NO. 89/06); • The demolition and remove of the ACM roof sheets and side wall panels should be done very quickly by trained personal; • The ACM waste should be placed in polyethylene bags or other containers of at least 0.15 mm thickness. • Printed asbestos warning labels must appear on the outer surface of the container/bag warning that it is an ” Asbestos waste”; • The break of the ACM roof sheets into smaller pieces to fit into container/bag is forbidden ; • The roof sheets and/or sidewall panels should be handled very carefully and to be remove sheet by sheet in one piece , not to be broken because during the break the asbestos fibers and dust appear and pose a health risks; • It is better to avoid the temporary storage of roof sheets and/or side wall panels within the school yard, but if is necessary to be done for one/two days, the precautionary measures should applied – the ACM waste should be stored in a designated area with posted signage and/or caution tape to eliminate any damage; • The contract with the company for Asbestos containing waste collection and transportation should be signed for collection and transport of asbestos waste/roof sheets; • After the removal of the asbestos waste all surfaces in the school yard need to be dusted with a damp cloth or vacuumed with a HEPA filter; • The workers who perform clean up should wear protective clothes as those who perform dismantling of the roof sheets and /or side wall panels; 80 Potential impact Impact scale Proposed mitigation measures Responsibility Project activity: Demolition of the old school and construction of the new school building • The contract with the Public Communal Enterprise Utility “Landfill Drisla” should be signed for final disposal of asbestos containing roof sheets and/or side wall panels; • On the landfill the asbestos containing waste should be disposed on the special area for disposal of that type of waste (responsibility duly to Landfill “Drisla”). Operational phase of the Project No environmental risks are Local/ short • The Fire prevention Plan should be prepared addressing the identification • School officials expected. term/major of fire risks and ignition sources, as well as measures needed to limit fast at the fire and smoke development. Positive impact (more location of space for students, new school • The Prevention Maintenance Plan for regular and preventive maintenance sport facilities, energy should be prepared to ensure proper operation of all infrastructure building efficiency and energy components of the school (sewer system, storm-water system, water savings, reduction of supply system, heating devices, etc); GHGs emissions) is expected with construction • The keep records procedure should be established in order to ensure of the new school replacing proper files storage on all technical documentation for the new school. the old one. • A short training to the Housekeeper /Secretary of the School for records and files keeping should be organized by the municipality staff. 81 12. MONITORING PLANS 12.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN FOR THE PROJECT - EXTENSION, RECONSTRUCTION/CONSTRUCTION OF WATER SUPPLY NETWORK, STORM WATER NETWORK, SEWERAGE NETWORK OR CONSTRUCTION OF DRINKING WATER RESERVOIR Cost Responsibility When What Where How Construction Operations Construction Operations Why is the parameter to of drinking of the parameter is is the parameter is the be monitored is the parameter to water supply drinking to be to be parameter to (frequency of be monitored? system water monitored? monitored? be monitored? measurement)? supply system Project activity: Marking out the location for water supply network, storm water network, sewerage network or drinking water reservoir The safety On the Visual checks At the beginning of To prevent health Contractor - protection construction site the construction and safety risks – Bidder measures along the route work (first day) mechanical injuries applied for focused on the To be in line with the local preliminary Supervisor residents measures where the At the beginning of water supply Environmental each working day system, Inspector during the project storm water /Inspector for activities network or communal sewerage work at the network Municipality would be passed or made reservoir Project activity: Extension/Reconstruction/Construction of water supply network, storm water network, sewerage network or drinking water reservoir 82 Cost Responsibility When What Where How Construction Operations Construction Operations Why is the parameter to of drinking of the parameter is is the parameter is the be monitored is the parameter to water supply drinking to be to be parameter to (frequency of be monitored? system water monitored? monitored? be monitored? measurement)? supply system Exposure of On the Review the Before the beginning To protect the Contractor - loud noise construction site noise level of the work (first day) workers against Bidder from vehicle and on the technical for all vehicles and exposure to loud machine and transportation specifications equipment noise taking into electric tools route of the used account the Supervisor vehicle technical mechanization specifications of and equipment the equipment and Environmental for their use time duration of the Inspector outside work outside /Inspector for communal work at the Municipality Noise level On the site Monitoring of On regularly basis To monitor if the Contractor – the noise during the work, noise level is Bidder levels through site visits, in above/or below accordance with the the acceptance dB (А) with national legislation noise level for Company appropriate specific type of authorized to monitoring area performed devices noise levels measurements sub-contracted by the Contractor – Bidder 83 Cost Responsibility When What Where How Construction Operations Construction Operations Why is the parameter to of drinking of the parameter is is the parameter is the be monitored is the parameter to water supply drinking to be to be parameter to (frequency of be monitored? system water monitored? monitored? be monitored? measurement)? supply system Supervisor Environmental Inspector to collect the noise level measurements Safety traffic On the site Visual During the traffic jam To ensure the Environmental flow through monitoring period (8 - coordinated traffic Officer at the district 9.00/16.30-17.30 h) flow through the Municipality (redirection of district together with the traffic on the streets Traffic around the Engineer at construction the site) Municipality Primary On the site Review the At the beginning of To separate Contractor – selection of documentation work with new hazardous from the Bidder the waste – identification material/s non-hazardous streams as of the waste waste as well as they are type according inert from Supervisor generated at the List of biodegradable the spot waste waste Collection On safety Review the Before the To improve the Authorized and transport temporary transportation transportation of the waste Contractor for as well list and hazardous waste (if management collection and 84 Cost Responsibility When What Where How Construction Operations Construction Operations Why is the parameter to of drinking of the parameter is is the parameter is the be monitored is the parameter to water supply drinking to be to be parameter to (frequency of be monitored? system water monitored? monitored? be monitored? measurement)? supply system storage of storage conditions at there is any) practice on transportation hazardous the storage municipality and of hazardous waste (if any facility national level/In waste (if any occur). Really order to be in line occurs) it is not with the subcontracted expected in environmental by the high requirements for Contractor- quantities the hazardous Bidder (maybe some waste batteries, management . waste from Environmental Not to dispose the motor oils, inspector from hazardous waste etc.) Municipality on the municipal landfill. Collection On the site and Visual After the collection Not to leave the Contractor – transportation around the site monitoring and and transportation of waste on the spot Bidder who and final reviewing the the solid waste on to avoid the need to sign disposal of transportation regular base each environmental and the contract the solid and disposal day health impacts to with licensed waste lists from the the residents company for sub-contractor collection, To have the real transportation data for generated and disposal waste streams and of the solid to improve the waste waste 85 Cost Responsibility When What Where How Construction Operations Construction Operations Why is the parameter to of drinking of the parameter is is the parameter is the be monitored is the parameter to water supply drinking to be to be parameter to (frequency of be monitored? system water monitored? monitored? be monitored? measurement)? supply system management Fulfilled Local self- Review of After the To improve the Mayor of Annual government documentation accomplishment the waste Municipality of Report for administration – Identification task of collection, management on Ministry of collection, waste List transportation, local and national Environment transportation temporary disposal level and Physical and disposal and final disposal of Planning To be in of waste waste compliance with national legal requirements Level of dust At the spot Visual On the sunny, dry To avoid and Contractor – – fine monitoring and days only minimize the dust Bidder and particulate measurement concentration into authorized matters devices the air and to company for minimize the health dust risks for the measurements workers and residents of the district Drinking Before the Laboratory Continuously To ensure the Public water quality distribution equipment for according the Plan distribution of high Utility for through the physical- for drinking water quality drinking communal pipelines chemical and quality analysis water to the work network microbiological (short-medium and population water quality long water quality minimizing the analysis analysis) health risks of The water waterborne 86 Cost Responsibility When What Where How Construction Operations Construction Operations Why is the parameter to of drinking of the parameter is is the parameter is the be monitored is the parameter to water supply drinking to be to be parameter to (frequency of be monitored? system water monitored? monitored? be monitored? measurement)? supply system sample should diseases be analyzed by the Authorized laboratories – Public Health institute Accredited laboratories 87 12.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN FOR THE PROJECT – CONSTRUCTION OF WASTE WATER TREATMENT PLANT What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility parameter is to be is the parameter is the parameter is the parameter to is the parameter install operate install operate monitored? to be to be monitored/ be monitored - to be monitored monitored? type of frequency of (optional)? monitoring measurement or equipment? continuous? Project Phase: Design of the WWTP The Main Design Through the During the Before issuing all To minimize the Municipality of the Project for documentation revision phase necessary negative and Project Construction of permitting environmental Developers WWTP including documents for (pollution of the implementation construction of surface waters, of environmental, WWTP high adverse OH&S and impacts to community human health, measures high energy proposed consumption, high noise level, etc.) OH&S and community safety Project Phase: Construction of the WWTP 88 What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility parameter is to be is the parameter is the parameter is the parameter to is the parameter install operate install operate monitored? to be to be monitored/ be monitored - to be monitored monitored? type of frequency of (optional)? monitoring measurement or equipment? continuous? Air pollution At construction/ Visual monitoring Regularly during To avoid and Covered by Contractor work activities( for minimize the construction - dust site/around site Supervisor preparation on site dust budget - pollutant Monitoring by and construction concentration Local substances due to adequate phase) through site into the air and municipal the combustion of monitoring visits, once per to minimize the environmental fuel from devices month, in health risks for authorities construction accordance with the workers and machinery and established time surrounding vehicles schedule community Collection and At construction/ Visual monitoring Regularly during In order to Covered by Contractor disposal of solid and reviewing the work activities identify if the construction site/around site Supervisor wastes transportation through site visits, environment budget and disposal lists in accordance with requirements Authorized from the sub- established time are relevantly Contractor for contractor schedule maintained collection and transportation Review the Protection of of waste documentation- soil, surface and identification of ground water, Local the waste type visual aspect municipal according to the environmental List of Waste authorities Types (Official Gazette No. 100/05) 89 What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility parameter is to be is the parameter is the parameter is the parameter to is the parameter install operate install operate monitored? to be to be monitored/ be monitored - to be monitored monitored? type of frequency of (optional)? monitoring measurement or equipment? continuous? Leaks/spills/of fuel, At construction/ Visual Regularly during In order to Covered by Contractor lubricant monitoring, work activities, in identify if the construction site/around site Supervisor analysis of accordance with environment budget and through documentation established time requirements Local documentation schedule within the are relevantly municipal relevant Law maintained environmental Regulation authorities The safety On the Visual monitoring Regularly during To prevent Covered by Contractor protection construction work activities health and construction Review the Supervisor measures applied site, around site through site visits, safety risks budget documentation on site in accordance with Local Protection of the established time municipal environment, schedule within the environmental worker, relevant regulation authorities passengers and employee of the terminal, and material wealth Project Phase: Operation / Maintenance 90 What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility parameter is to be is the parameter is the parameter is the parameter to is the parameter install operate install operate monitored? to be to be monitored/ be monitored - to be monitored monitored? type of frequency of (optional)? monitoring measurement or equipment? continuous? Occupational On site, around Visual monitoring Continuously during To prevent Covered by Operator Health and Safety site Review the operational phase health and operational Ministry of and Community documentation safety risks. costs labor and safety and permits Protection of the social aspects issued by the environment, State Labor relevant body workers and Inspectorate employee as Local well as to the municipal surrounding environmental community authorities Quality of waste Before inlet in Usual sampling Twice a year To assess the Covered by Operator water and treated the WWWP and and Laboratory (spring, winter) operation of the operational Ministry of wastewater before for physical- device costs Environment discharging in chemical analysis (BOD5, COD, TSS, and Physical the channel for in accordance nitrogen, Planning collection of the monitoring phosphorus, and atmospheric manuals and Municipal other parameters water introduced Environmental prescribed in the methodologies. Inspection. permits for discharging issued by the MOEPP) 91 What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility parameter is to be is the parameter is the parameter is the parameter to is the parameter install operate install operate monitored? to be to be monitored/ be monitored - to be monitored monitored? type of frequency of (optional)? monitoring measurement or equipment? continuous? Water quality – River - recipient, Laboratory 12 samples taken Protection of Operator/ recipient surface before the place equipment for at regular intervals water quality in Administration waters of discharging physical- during the first year, the river, Ministry of the treated chemical analysis 4 samples in the protection of the (BOD5, COD, Environment waste water, on in accordance coming years, if it is downstream TSS, nitrogen, and Physical the place of monitoring shown that the sensitive areas phosphorus, and Planning, discharging, manuals and water complies with and health of other parameters after the place introduced the provisions of people Hydro- proposed in the of discharging (3 methodologies in the Rulebook on meteorological permits for sampling the permits the methodology, Administration discharging issued points). issued by the reference methods by the MOEPP) Municipal MOEPP. of measurement, Environmental method and waste water monitoring Inspection parameters, Local including the sludge municipal from the treatment environmental of urban waste authorities water ("Official Gazette of RM" no.108/11) 92 What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility parameter is to be is the parameter is the parameter is the parameter to is the parameter install operate install operate monitored? to be to be monitored/ be monitored - to be monitored monitored? type of frequency of (optional)? monitoring measurement or equipment? continuous? Sludge On site Visual inspection Sludge Disposal Protection of Covered by Operator Management Plan soil, surface and operational For the usage of Review the Ministry of need to be ground water costs the sludge for documentation Environment developed prior to and health of agricultural land for sludge and Physical the commissioning people the following management Planning of the WWTP plant parameters should (according the to detail for removal Municipal be analyzed Sludge Disposal of the sludge. Environmental (according the Management Inspection national legislation Plan) The monitoring of and EU Directive the sludge should Accredited Laboratory on the protection be in compliance Laboratories testing of the of the with the national sludge quality environment, and regulation in particular of the soil, when sewage sludge is used in agriculture 86/278/EEC): Heavy metals: Pb, Cd, Cr, CU, Ni,Zn,Hg Dry matter, organic matter, pH value; nitrogen and phosphorus 93 What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility parameter is to be is the parameter is the parameter is the parameter to is the parameter install operate install operate monitored? to be to be monitored/ be monitored - to be monitored monitored? type of frequency of (optional)? monitoring measurement or equipment? continuous? Odor On site, around Sense of smell, At the beginning of Minimization of Operator/ site work, everyday nuisance of the Ministry of local people Environment and Physical Planning Municipal Environmental Inspection 94 12.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN FOR THE PROJECT – REHABILITATION/RECONSTRUCTION/CONSTRUCTION OF LOCAL STREET OR LOCAL ROAD What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility Parameter is is the is the is the parameter to is the Construction Operations Rehabilitation/ Operations of to be parameter to parameter to be monitored parameter to be Reconstruction/ street or road monitored? be monitored? be monitored? (frequency of monitored? Construction of measurement)? street or road Project activity: Making out the route for Rehabilitation/Reconstruction/Construction of street or local road Safety traffic At the spot Visual During the project To ensure the Municipal staff/ flow around monitoring implementation coordinated Communal streets or traffic flow inspector at local roads municipality/Traffic Engineer The safety On the Visual checks At the beginning To prevent Contractor - protection construction of the construction community Bidder /Supervisor measures site work (first day) health and Communal applied safety risks – Every working day inspector at the mechanical during the project municipality/ injuries due to activities the very urban area The On the Visual check Before start of the To avoid Contractor - occupational construction project activities occupational Bidder health and site and each of and safety /Supervisor/ safety working day risks (injuries) Communal measures Environmental applied for the Inspector at workers municipality Project activity: Rehabilitation/Reconstruction/Construction of street or local road Separated On the Visual During the project To avoid Contractor - hazardous construction monitoring activities disposal of Bidder /Supervisor 95 What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility Parameter is is the is the is the parameter to is the Construction Operations Rehabilitation/ Operations of to be parameter to parameter to be monitored parameter to be Reconstruction/ street or road monitored? be monitored? be monitored? (frequency of monitored? Construction of measurement)? street or road and non- site and reporting hazardous Municipal staff hazardous waste on (Communal waste municipal inspector) landfill Fulfilled Local self- Review of After To improve the Mayor / Director of Annual Report government documentation accomplishment waste PE for administration – Identification the task of management transportation waste List collection, on local and and disposal transportation of national level of waste waste on To be in daily/monthly compliance basis with national legal requirements Exposure the On the site Review the Before the To protect the Contractor - citizens to noise level beginning of the citizens against Bidder / noise technical work (first day) exposure to Supervisor disturbance specifications loud noise Communal from vehicle of the used taking into inspector/ machine and vehicle account the Municipality electric tools mechanization technical and specifications equipment for of the their use equipment and outside time duration of the work outside 96 12.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN FOR THE PROJECT – PROVIDING BASIC EQUIPMENT FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF PUBLIC HYGIENE (VEHICLES FOR COLLECTION OF COMMUNAL WASTE AND PROCUREMENT OF WASTE CONTAINERS) What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility parameter is to is the parameter to be is the is the parameter is the Construction Operations Delivery Operation of be monitored? monitored? parameter to to be monitored parameter to and put the waste be monitored? (frequency of be monitored? into collection measurement)? operation vehicles of the waste collection vehicles Project activity: Delivery and running of basic equipment for the maintenance of public hygiene (vehicles for collection of communal waste and waste containers) The On the parking site of the CSE Check the fuel Immediately after To prevent Contractor environmental quantity, arriving of the health and - Bidder and safety lubrication oil vehicles in the safety risks – Director of protection quantity and CSE mechanical the CSE measures breaking and broken and applied before steering injuries Municipality put the vehicle system at the Inspector into operation spot Test running successfully done EURO 4 At the homologation site – Review the At the beginning To minimize Contractor technical Faculty of Mechanical Science, technical of the running the adverse – Bidder specifications Skopje (Homologation attest) specifications phase environmental Director of of the vehicles and health Noise level The approval test site at the Before put into the CSE impacts specification of authorized body for annual Mechanical operation with the vehicle registration (Registration card and electronic (running) technical for the vehicles) checks team Lights, electronic 97 What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility parameter is to is the parameter to be is the is the parameter is the Construction Operations Delivery Operation of be monitored? monitored? parameter to to be monitored parameter to and put the waste be monitored? (frequency of be monitored? into collection measurement)? operation vehicles of the waste collection vehicles and hydraulic compression system, braking and anti- blocking system and tires Standard Pre-registration inspection at Monitoring of On annual basis To ensure Director of technical the authorized body for annual the technical safety running the CSE operational registration specifications of the vehicles with parameters of Approval test and technical this kind of Report minimization team vehicle showing that of the (protective the vehicle is environmental steering, brakes, in compliance and health fuel with safety impacts consumption) requirements, environmental requirements related to noise, exhaust emissions and fitted devices Announcement Through the public Visual/audio Before start-up of To increase Director of of the frequency announcement via local check running the the public the CSE and start-up of radio/newspaper/announcement vehicles awareness with vehicles running about the new technical 98 What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility parameter is to is the parameter to be is the is the parameter is the Construction Operations Delivery Operation of be monitored? monitored? parameter to to be monitored parameter to and put the waste be monitored? (frequency of be monitored? into collection measurement)? operation vehicles of the waste collection vehicles and collection table in the municipality building waste team management Municipal practice and inspector waste collection frequency Project activity: Running of the waste collection vehicles Skill of driver/s At the CSE site Training Before official To improve Director of on modern records kept startup of running the driving the CSE driving techniques with Review of the techniques and and to be technical training some improved familiar with team records performances of vehicle the new vehicle characteristics and compression system Good At the service company Review of Periodically (six To ensure Director of maintenance reports from months min.) minimization the CSE practice and the service of the with repair performed company environmental technical by professional and team staff occupational safety risks 99 What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility parameter is to is the parameter to be is the is the parameter is the Construction Operations Delivery Operation of be monitored? monitored? parameter to to be monitored parameter to and put the waste be monitored? (frequency of be monitored? into collection measurement)? operation vehicles of the waste collection vehicles through high fuel efficiency and decrease of emissions of GHGs and other pollutants (CO, HC, PM and NOx) Fuel At CSE site Annual Report On annual basis To monitor Director of consumption of the CSE reporting in front the regular the CSE trend, annual of the maintenance with quantity of waste Management and to technical collected and board and calculate the team disposed at Municipality carbon municipal landfill Council footprint of the communal enterprise Quantity of On several waste collection Review the On regular basis To decrease Director of primary selected sites in the settlements across documentation (monthly/annually) the quantity of the CSE paper and PET the Municipality – collection of mixed solid with bottles by the recyclable waste technical other solid waste waste by the transported team authorized and disposed collector/s on the municipal 100 What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility parameter is to is the parameter to be is the is the parameter is the Construction Operations Delivery Operation of be monitored? monitored? parameter to to be monitored parameter to and put the waste be monitored? (frequency of be monitored? into collection measurement)? operation vehicles of the waste collection vehicles landfill and to use the recyclable waste as raw material Fulfilled Annual Local self-government Review of After the To improve Mayor of Report for administration documentation accomplishment the waste Municipality/ collection, – Identification the task of management Ministry of transportation waste List collection, on local and Environment and disposal of transportation, national level and waste temporary Physical To be in disposal and final Planning compliance disposal of waste with national legal requirements Quality of On the vicinity of the landfill (1 Taking Once per year To minimize Director of ground waters point at entrance zone and 2 samples of the the risk of the CSE near the points from exit zones of the ground waters water with municipal ground waters near landfill and analysis pollution by technical landfill(ammonia, according the the landfill team chloride, pH, ISO 5667-Part especially the SO4, metals, Hg, 11,1993) ground waters nitrates, near by the phosphorus, municipality coliform bact landfill 101 What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility parameter is to is the parameter to be is the is the parameter is the Construction Operations Delivery Operation of be monitored? monitored? parameter to to be monitored parameter to and put the waste be monitored? (frequency of be monitored? into collection measurement)? operation vehicles of the waste collection vehicles and other To avoid the defined in the health Rulebook on problems landfill operation caused by the – Official polluted Gazette of RM waters No. 156/07) 102 12.5 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN FOR THE PROJECT - REPLACEMENT OF THE STREET LIGHTING What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility parameter is is the is the is the parameter is the parameter Removal Operations Removal of old Operations of to be parameter to parameter to to be monitored to be monitored? of old of the new lamps/ Placement of the new lights monitored? be monitored? be monitored? (frequency of lamps/ lights new lights measurement)? Placement of new lights Project activity: Removal the used mercury vapor lamps Power On the sites Electrical tool Before the To avoid /prevent Contractor- disconnection according the removal steps the risk of fatal Bidder drawings for electric shock position of street lights The safety On the sites Visual checks At the beginning To prevent health Contractor - Bidder / protection of each working risks – inhaling Environmental measures day and during mercury in vapor Officer at the applied for the removal or powder, glass Municipality the operators operation pieces Presence of On the Visual Every day at the To avoid health Contractor-Bidder/ mercury spills streets/around monitoring end of the impact of the Environmental and glass land/public working hours mercury to the Officer at the parts due to greenery local citizens and Municipality broken bulbs workers Removed On the sites Visual According the In order to Authorized mercury monitoring/ frequency of determine the Contractor for vapor lamps comparison removal for each compliance with collection and with planned site/at the end of the signed transportation of each working Contract hazardous waste day To avoid health subcontracted by the impacts due to Municipality / possible break Environmental Officer at the Municipality 103 What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility parameter is is the is the is the parameter is the parameter Removal Operations Removal of old Operations of to be parameter to parameter to to be monitored to be monitored? of old of the new lamps/ Placement of the new lights monitored? be monitored? be monitored? (frequency of lamps/ lights new lights measurement)? Placement of new lights Collection, On the sites Visual check When the To prevent the Authorized package, on packaging packaging box environmental Contractor for labeling of boxes, check with hazardous pollution and collection and hazardous the waste is full and health risks. transportation of mercury information on before the To provide safety hazardous waste lamps label and all temporary hazardous waste subcontracted by the necessary storage/on management Municipality of data and weekly basis according the /Environmental information to national Officer/State identify the environmental Environmental hazardous and heath inspector waste requirements Separated On the sites Visual During the To avoid disposal Contractor - Bidder / hazardous monitoring dismantling of hazardous Environmental and non- and reporting activities waste on Officer hazardous municipal landfill waste – Separated On the sites Visual During the To collect the Contractor –Bidder recycled monitoring dismantling recycled materials together with waste of and reporting activities/on Authorized Company metal parts daily basis Commerce for (steel pipes, collection and tracks, zinced transport of recycling screws, materials/ rivets..) Environmental collected and Officer transported on Collection Center for recycling 104 What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility parameter is is the is the is the parameter is the parameter Removal Operations Removal of old Operations of to be parameter to parameter to to be monitored to be monitored? of old of the new lamps/ Placement of the new lights monitored? be monitored? be monitored? (frequency of lamps/ lights new lights measurement)? Placement of new lights materials Transport On safety Review the Before the In order to be in Authorized and temporary transportation transportation of line with the Contractor for temporary storage dry, list and the hazardous environmental collection and storage of very well conditions at waste conditions transportation of hazardous ventilated the storage required for the hazardous waste waste place facility (dry hazardous waste subcontracted by the (Separate place, management Municipality room into the ventilation, according national /Environmental basement of labels for legislation and Officer/ Municipality restriction for best practices Environmental building for entrance… inspector from boxes with unbroken lamps) The adequate place will be ensured by the Municipality for box/es with broken lamps The Municipality has already signed the Contract with the Municipality to take the used 105 What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility parameter is is the is the is the parameter is the parameter Removal Operations Removal of old Operations of to be parameter to parameter to to be monitored to be monitored? of old of the new lamps/ Placement of the new lights monitored? be monitored? be monitored? (frequency of lamps/ lights new lights measurement)? Placement of new lights mercury lamps for further usage on their sites Fulfilled At Authorized Review of After the To improve the Environmental Annual Contractor’s documentation accomplishment waste inspector / Ministry of Report for headquarter – Identification the task of management and Environment and collection, building waste List collection, hazardous waste Physical Planning transportation transportation management on and disposal and temporary local and national of hazardous disposal of used level waste lamps To be in compliance with national legal requirements Fulfilled Local self- Review of After the To improve the Mayor of Annual government documentation accomplishment waste Municipality/ Ministry Report for administration – Identification the task of management and of Environment and transportation waste List collection, hazardous waste Physical Planning and disposal transportation, management on of waste temporary local and national disposal and level give the used To be in lamps to compliance with Municipality national legal requirements Exposure of On the site Review the Before the To protect the Environmental loud noise noise level beginning of the workers against inspector / from hand technical work (first day) exposure to loud Environmental and electric specifications noise taking into Officer/ 106 What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility parameter is is the is the is the parameter is the parameter Removal Operations Removal of old Operations of to be parameter to parameter to to be monitored to be monitored? of old of the new lamps/ Placement of the new lights monitored? be monitored? be monitored? (frequency of lamps/ lights new lights measurement)? Placement of new lights tools of the used account the tools – electric technical drill and specifications of grinder for tools and time their use duration of the outside work outside Noise level On the site Monitoring of On regularly To monitor if the Company authorized Noise level the noise basis during the noise level is to performed noise levels work, through above/or below levels measurements dB (А) with site visits, in the acceptance sub-contracted by appropriate accordance with noise level the Contractor - monitoring the national Bidder/Environmental devices legislation Officer at Municipality Safety traffic At the spot Visual During the traffic To ensure the Contractor – Bidder/ flow through monitoring jam period (8 - coordinated traffic Environmental the site 8.30/16.30-17 h) flow through city Officer at Municipality where street of and other / lighting is settlements Traffic Engineer at positioned Municipality Project stage: Placement of new sodium lamps Separated On the sites Visual During the un To collect the Contractor-Bidder/ recycled monitoring packaging of recycled materials Municipality of waste of and reporting new sodium - paper and Environmental packaging lamps/on daily cardboard Officer waste from basis new sodium lamps (paper, cardboard,) collected and 107 What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility parameter is is the is the is the parameter is the parameter Removal Operations Removal of old Operations of to be parameter to parameter to to be monitored to be monitored? of old of the new lamps/ Placement of the new lights monitored? be monitored? be monitored? (frequency of lamps/ lights new lights measurement)? Placement of new lights transported on recycling facility Content of In the Review the Before the To identify the Environmental mercury or documentation product operation of content of inspector from other about the specification placement start hazardous / hazardous product list substances in Environmental substances in specification order to take a Officer at the sodium mitigation Municipality lamps measures against adverse environmental and health impacts from broken lamps Project stage: Regular operation and maintenance Loosened of At the sites Visual On every six To mitigate the Contractor- all parts of monitoring months adverse Bidder the light and checkup (winter/summer environmental / Clearness of Clean the period) and health Environmental the lanterns lanterns for impacts and to Officer at the better lighting obtain better Municipality of the lamp lighting of the lamps 108 12.6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN FOR THE PROJECT – CONSTRUCTION/RECONSTRUCTION OF THE SCHOOL/KINDERGARTEN BUILDING What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility parameter is the is the is the parameter is the parameter to be Constructi Operatio Demolition of Operations of is to be paramete parameter to to be monitored monitored? on ns old school and the new school monitored? r to be be monitored? (frequency of construction the monitore measurement)? new one d? Project activity: Demolition of old School/Kindergarten and startup with reconstruction/construction activities at school/kindergarten buildings The Around Visual checks At the beginning To ensure minimization of Contractor - community the of the health and safety risks – Bidder safety project reconstruction/ mechanical injuries to the /Supervisor/ regulation sites construction work members of the local Municipal staff and (school/ki (first day) community – especially from (Communal and protection ndergart broken glass, wooden Environmental Every working measures en windows and doors and Inspector)/ day during the applied buildings spikes. School/ project activities ) Kindergarten Special attention should be officials put during the removal of the asbestos containing roof sheets Fire Before Review of the At the beginning To ensure that all fire Municipal staff Protection the start Plan of protection measures are (Communal and Plan of school/kindergart implemented Environmental school/Ki en work Inspector) ndergart en operation The OH& S On the Visual checks Every working To minimize the risks on Contractor - protection project day during the occupational health and Bidder measures sites project activities safety of the workers /Supervisor/ applied for especially protective Municipal staff 109 What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility parameter is the is the is the parameter is the parameter to be Constructi Operatio Demolition of Operations of is to be paramete parameter to to be monitored monitored? on ns old school and the new school monitored? r to be be monitored? (frequency of construction the monitore measurement)? new one d? the workers equipment and clothes for (Communal and at the sites workers who will remove Environmental asbestos containing wall Inspector)/ panels School/Kinderga rten officials Avoid and In the Visual checks At the beginning To avoid injuries of the Contractor - minimize building the demolition students/kids or Bidder safety and and in work and school/kindergarten staff from /Supervisor/ health risks school/ki continuously falling pieces of windows, Municipal staff for the ndergart every working day doors, broken glass and (Communal and students/kid en yard inhalation of the asbestos Environmental s and fibers or dust Inspector)/ school/kind ergarten School/Kinderga employees rten officials Time for On the Visual checks Every day To avoid the environmental, Contractor - beginning project and health and safety risks Bidder and end of site documents /Supervisor/ reconstructi (time Municipal staff on/ schedule) (Communal and constructio review Environmental n work and Inspector)/ especially time for School/Kinderga removal of rten officials existing wall panels and sewer 110 What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility parameter is the is the is the parameter is the parameter to be Constructi Operatio Demolition of Operations of is to be paramete parameter to to be monitored monitored? on ns old school and the new school monitored? r to be be monitored? (frequency of construction the monitore measurement)? new one d? pipes containing asbestos Waste On the Review the Before the To ensure Manageme project document – demolition nt Plan for site Waste activities start waste Management manageme Plan nt with all generated waste streams Existence In the Visual checks For broken glass To avoid and minimize Contractor - of the school/ki immediately/For injuries and dust inhalation Bidder broken ndergart dust generation /Supervisor/ glass, dust en yard every day after Municipal staff generated completion of (Communal and during the work Environmental demolition Inspector)/ For inert waste on Generation 2-3 days School/Kinderga of different rten officials types of waste Level of At the Visual On the sunny, dry To avoid and minimize the Contractor – dust – fine construct monitoring and days only (once a dust concentration into the air Bidder and particulate ion site measurement week at the peak and to minimize the health authorized matters devices working hour) risks for the students/kids company for workers and residents in the dust 111 What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility parameter is the is the is the parameter is the parameter to be Constructi Operatio Demolition of Operations of is to be paramete parameter to to be monitored monitored? on ns old school and the new school monitored? r to be be monitored? (frequency of construction the monitore measurement)? new one d? neighborhood. measurements Collection On Review the Before the To improve the waste Authorized and safety transportation transportation of management practice on Contractor for transport as temporar list and the hazardous municipality and national collection and well storage y storage conditions at waste (if there is level. transportation of of the storage any) hazardous hazardous facility waste (if there is waste (if any occur) any subcontracted occurs). by the Contractor- Bidder Environmental inspector Noise level On the Monitoring of On regularly basis To monitor if the noise level is Contractor – site the noise during the work, above/or below the Bidder levels dB (А) in accordance acceptance noise level for Authorized with with the national that type of area Company for appropriate legislation performing monitoring noise levels devices measurements sub-contracted by the Contractor – Bidder Environmental Inspector to collect the noise level 112 What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility parameter is the is the is the parameter is the parameter to be Constructi Operatio Demolition of Operations of is to be paramete parameter to to be monitored monitored? on ns old school and the new school monitored? r to be be monitored? (frequency of construction the monitore measurement)? new one d? measurements Exposure of On the Review the Before the To protect the workers Contractor - loud noise construct noise level beginning of the against exposure to loud Bidder from ion site technical work (first day) for noise taking into account the Supervisor vehicle specifications all vehicles and technical specifications of the Environmental machine, of the used equipment equipment and time duration Inspector mechanizati vehicle, of the work outside /Inspector for on and mechanization communal work equipment and equipment for their usage outside Project activity: Demolition of roof sheets containing asbestos Primary On the Review the At the beginning To separate hazardous Contractor – selection of project documentation of work (packaging waste from glue, Bidder the waste sites – identification paints, insulation material) Supervisor/ streams at of the waste from the non-hazardous Municipal staff the project type according waste as well as inert from (Communal and sites the List of biodegradable waste Environmental waste Inspector) Identificatio On the Review the At the beginning The asbestos containing Contractor – n of the project documentation of work (ACM) waste is a hazardous Bidder asbestos sites – identification waste with adverse Supervisor/ containing of the environmental and health Municipal staff waste, asbestos impacts (Communal and proper containing Environmental packaging, waste Inspector) labeling as according the a List of waste hazardous 113 What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility parameter is the is the is the parameter is the parameter to be Constructi Operatio Demolition of Operations of is to be paramete parameter to to be monitored monitored? on ns old school and the new school monitored? r to be be monitored? (frequency of construction the monitore measurement)? new one d? waste Temporary At Visual checks On daily basis To minimize injuries Contractor – storage of separate Bidder the old room/bas School/Kinderga windows ement of rten officials and doors the with proper buildings label and or in the coverage yard Temporary storage of the removed asbestos containing roof sheets proper packaged and labeled Collection On the Visual After the Not to leave the waste on the Contractor – transportati sites and monitoring and collection and spot to avoid the Bidder who on and final around reviewing the transportation of environmental and health need to sign the disposal of the sites transportation the waste from impacts to the children contract with the wooden old wooden licensed windows windows and company for and doors doors by the collection, public communal transportation enterprise and disposal of the waste from 114 What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility parameter is the is the is the parameter is the parameter to be Constructi Operatio Demolition of Operations of is to be paramete parameter to to be monitored monitored? on ns old school and the new school monitored? r to be be monitored? (frequency of construction the monitore measurement)? new one d? replacement The Before Review the During the To be sure that the asbestos Contractor – contract the contracts collection and containing waste will be Bidder who with the removal/ transportation of treated according the national needs to sign authorized dismantl the removed roof legislation, international the contract with transporter e works sheets conventions, good practice licensed of the start company for Before the final asbestos acceptance and disposal of containing final disposal of removed sheets waste the asbestos should be containing signed waste. The Landfill must The have a License contract for acceptance with the and final Landfill disposal of should be asbestos waste signed as issued by the well for Ministry of acceptance Environment and final and Physical disposal of Planning the waste Fulfilled Local Review of After the To improve the waste Mayor of Annual self- documentation accomplishment management and hazardous Municipality Report for governm – Identification the task of waste management on local transportati ent waste List collection, and national level on and administr transportation, disposal of ation temporary 115 What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility parameter is the is the is the parameter is the parameter to be Constructi Operatio Demolition of Operations of is to be paramete parameter to to be monitored monitored? on ns old school and the new school monitored? r to be be monitored? (frequency of construction the monitore measurement)? new one d? waste disposal and final disposal of different type of waste including asbestos containing waste Project activity: Operational phase of the School/Kindergarten Drinking Before Laboratory Before the start To ensure the distribution of Municipal staff water the equipment for with high quality drinking water to School/Kinderg quality distributi physical- school/kindergart the students/kids minimizing arten officials on chemical and en operation the health risks of waterborne through microbiological diseases Public the new water quality Enterprise water analysis supply system, the water sample should be analyzed by the Authorize d laboratori es – Public Health institute /Accredit 116 What Where How When Why Cost Responsibility parameter is the is the is the parameter is the parameter to be Constructi Operatio Demolition of Operations of is to be paramete parameter to to be monitored monitored? on ns old school and the new school monitored? r to be be monitored? (frequency of construction the monitore measurement)? new one d? ed laboratori es Fire Before Review of the At the beginning To ensure that all fire Municipal staff Protection the start Plan of protection measures are (Communal and Plan of school/kindergart implemented Environmental school/ki en work Inspector) ndergart School/Kinderg en arten staff operation Plan for Before Review of the At the beginning Municipal staff regular and the start Plan of (Communal and preventive of school/kindergart Environmental maintenanc school/ki en work Inspector) e of the ndergart school/kind en School/Kinderg ergarten operation arten staff 117 ANNEX 1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCREENING CHECK LIST 118 119 120 ANNEX 2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT 121 ANNEX 3 MINUTES OF PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETING ORGANIZED ON 26.8.2014 Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Macedonia “Municipal Services Improvement Project” IBRD Loan number 7699-MK and 8158-MK Location The Public consultation was held on 26.08.2014 at the premises of the Ministry of Finance, from 12 a.m. to 13.30 p.m. Objective The consultation meeting was aimed at presenting to the relevant interested stakeholders and concerned public (NGOs) the main aims of the Environmental Assessments and Management Framework Document regarding the MSIP Project, proposed general Mitigation plans, Monitoring plans, recommendations, as well as to give to the public opportunity to state their comments, opinions and remarks on the matter. Invitees All interested stakeholders have been invited: Ministry of finance (MoF), Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning (MoEPP), AE (MoEPP) - Administration for Environment within MoEPP, NGOs, local self government units and the city of Skopje, consultant companies and other concerned institutions. Also, public announcement was published in daily national newspaper, and posted on the website of MoF. Copy of Public announcement is enclosed. Participants Copy of The List of Participants is enclosed. Summary DISTRIBUTED MATERIALS conclusions Report (in English) and presentation (in Macedonian). Both documents were sent by and comments email to the all invited participants and hard copies were given at those who participated at the meeting. Additionally, the report was published at the project website. The report was also available at the project office in hard copy. CONCLUSIONS AND COMMENTS The meeting was carried out according to the planned agenda. Director of the MSIP project unit Mrs. Malgorzata MARKIEWICZ-BOGOV (MMB) welcomed the participants and carried out short introduction, in order to inform the present participants for the main objectives of the project, the project components and next planned activities. The Environmental expert Mrs. Slavjanka PEJCINOVSKA-ANDONOVA (SPA) presented the Environmental Assessments and Management Framework Document, elaborating on the aims of the MSIP and Environmental Assessments and Management Framework Document. Furthermore, the environmental expert presented the overall content of the Environmental Assessments and Management Framework Document as well as the need for updating the EMFD prepared in 2008. Hence, she gave an overview of the Legal framework of Environmental and Local-self government sectors in Macedonia; Procedures for environmental assessment for the project development required under Macedonian legislation; Procedures for environmental assessment for project development under World Bank Procedures; Type of existing small-scale projects within the MSIP and the additional possible type of projects initiated by the 122 municipalities. During the presentation SPA noted the importance of environmental assessment of the project components and subcomponents, potential environmental risks, impacts and potential mitigation measures. Thus, SPA with special accent has presented the possible environmental impact due to the planed sub-projects. Consequently, proposed general Mitigation plans and Monitoring plans were elaborated and at the end of the presentation SPA gave general conclusions and recommendations. First remarks, comments and suggestions were given by Kiril KALKASLIEV - KK (MoEPP), regarding compliments for the presentation, and as well detailed and professionally prepared EMFD document. KK also gave the following suggestions: - Issue regarding solid waste disposal, to be solved on regional level; - Maintenance of the public infrastructure except with CSE, can be managed also with PPP; - Macedonian legislation to be continually updated in the documents as well as the list of the WWTP. Explanations were given by Lolita STOJANOVSKA - LS (ADKOM): - Document for complete situation regarding WWTP is under preparation and will be submitted ASAP to the MSIP PIU in order to include the updated data referring to WWTPs in Macedonia in the EMFD. Zoran BOSHEV - ZB (MoEPP), also gave the following suggestions: - Few relevant rulebooks related to EIA procedure in Macedonia should be included in the EMFD; - He asked if this kind of document needs to be included in the national legislation; - Also he asked if Environmental Assessments and Management Framework Document is on a level of Strategic Environment Assessment Document. Petar DIMOVSKI – PD (Citizen), gave the following suggestions: - For such important document, the interest should be much higher in the community; - The maintenance of the plants should be managed better in order to have healthier environment and also for safety reasons. Representatives of MoEPP have pointed out the importance of such documents and suggested the document to be well understood should be available for the public. SPA has commented the conclusion concerning the regular update of the document with regard to the legal framework. SPA has added, and noted that the Project includes support and capacity building of institutions in the field of environmental management, and that the defined mitigation measures are already applied as suggested. CLOSING REMARKS The meeting was closed and closing remarks were given by SPA, expressing gratitude for the presence and interest concerning this project. SPA noted that all suggestions and remarks regarding this Report will be incorporated in the final version of Environmental Assessments and Management Framework Document. Responsibility Environmental expert (SPA) will amend the EMFD according to the received comments and also will prepare Summary of the public consultation meeting and incorporate within the final version of the Environmental Assessments and 123 Management Framework Document. Final Environmental Assessments and Management Framework Document will be delivered to MSIP project unit and to the Ministry of Finance and passed to the World Bank for final review and no-objection. List of Participants 124 Public announcements concerning public consultation in the daily newspaper DNEVNIK – 19.08.2014 125