A. Project Overview The Cotonou Stormwater Management and Urban Resilience Project (CSMURP) is an initiative of the Government of Benin that aims to improve the living conditions of the population through optimal drainage of stormwater, one of the main problems that has persisted for decades. The specific objectives of the project include: i) building collectors in about ten boroughs in Cotonou, ii) developing retention basins in swampy areas, especially in the western part of the city, iii) building streets adjacent to the collectors and retention basins, iv) rehabilitating some social and community infrastructure in some basins. The CSMURP consists of the construction of a drainage system, including stormwater retention ponds, across 36 hydrographic sub-basins in the city. To improve sanitation and drainage in the adjacent neighborhoods, several converging streets have been selected for paving. The analysis of project alternatives was completed using the mitigation hierarchy approach which was to avoid affecting human dwellings and installations (houses, shops, etc.) first, and then a least displacement whenever the avoidance is not efficient. Therefore, underground collectors, gutters and/or semi-closed gutters that can be centered or lateral were preferred on the one hand, and open-air trapezoidal collectors on the other. As for the installation of the collector outlets and the gutters, as well as the retention basins, the Reno mattress is retained to allow the stabilization of the banks/ slopes. After analyzing the alternatives on the basis of technical, economic, social, and environmental criteria, the option of a paved road, the development of banks of basins into Reno mattresses, underground, centered, lateral, closed or semi-closed, depending on the case, was chosen, in order to minimize displacement for the residents. In addition, track will be constructed around the basins, with facilities such as public benches, streetlights, latrines, playgrounds etc. The construction of tracks around the basins will prevent any illegal settle-in, squatting or waste dumping, and facilitate mobility around the basins and their maintenance. All these facilities will be built in the public easement, already reserved for this purpose. The main activities essential to the realization of these works are among others: ▪ the company's facilities; ▪ stripping and depositing of rubble and materials; ▪ excavation work; ▪ the purging of 2,518,337 m3 and the disposal of the dredged materials; ▪ the installation of compacted backfill; ▪ shoreline protection with Reno Mattresses; ▪ the construction of reinforced concrete sewerage works; ▪ earthworks for the development of roads; ▪ the laying of paving stones and development up to the residents; ▪ the construction of public benches and the installation of solar streetlights; ▪ the commissioning of the works and the maintenance of the works during the warranty period; ▪ The handing over of the works to the Contracting Authority after the guarantee period. To carry out these activities, the contractors will employ more than 51,748 workers of various categories. In accordance with the provisions of the Benin Environmental Framework Act No. 1998-03 of 12 February 1999and its title 5, article 88: "No one may undertake developments or operations without following the environmental impact assessment procedure, when the latter is required by laws and regulations". B. Project site description The project's receiving environment is Cotonou, Benin’s metropolis and politico-economic capital city, located in the southern part of the country. The city enjoys a sub-equatorial climate under the influence of two dry seasons and two rainy seasons, driven by a pseudo "monsoon". The city is built in the coastal sedimentary basin of Benin, in the marginal-littoral domain and has a morphology that is essentially based on a large coastal plain component whose lower, sandy, often marshy part nowhere exceeds 10 m in altitude (see map below). The spot heights vary between 1.02 and 6.52 m from null island (Gnélé, 2010). The average height for this entire section is 3.52 m. This relief is therefore not favorable to stormwater drainage. Rather, it is the source of stagnation and infiltration. The geographical area of the CSMURP is composed of sandy-clay swamps, very close to floodplains on the one hand, and lake and lagoon banks on the other, which confirms that the city of Cotonou is located at the bottom of the entire topographical system of Benin's coastal sedimentary basin. Apart from the climatic and geomorphological aspects, the Cotonou hydrographic network consists of Lake Nokoué (Ramsar site), the Cotonou lagoon and a dense network of swamps. The Atlantic Ocean is an integral part of this vast hydrological system which interconnects on the one hand, thus serving as a receptacle for the entire Cotonou platform on the other hand. The city of Cotonou being highly urbanized, natural vegetation has almost completely disappeared due to human activities. Apart from the alignment and reforestation species and ornamental species, the swamps, which are the retention basins (to be developed) and outlets, are the very natural vegetation reserves rich in biodiversity. There are formations such as: floating prairie, floodplain, swampy prairie and urban wasteland. More than twenty species have been identified, but none of them have the status of threatened species. The most important ones are: Eichhornia crassipes, Paspalum vaginatum, Typha domingensis, Terminalia catapa, Kyllinga peruviana, Canavalia rosea, Costus spicatus, Thalia geniculata, Musa sp, Carica papaya and Ny mphea lotus which float on the surface of the water. There are also Phyla nodifolia, Pentodon pentandrus, hyptissuaveolens, and some poaceae of the genera Eragrostis, Panicum and Dactyloctenium etc. These species are valued by local populations either for traditional medicine, as useful plants or for aphrodisiac products. With regard to land use (next map), the city faces real problems of spatial organization, sanitation and hygiene, which, combined with high population pressures, lead to the occupation of areas that cannot be built upon and are permanently flooded. Thus, the outfalls and swamps of Cotonou, which play decisive and very important roles in the regulation and functioning of the system: land outfalls-lagoons/lake/ocean are increasingly congested by human activities, illegal landfills, etc. Figure 1: Topographic map of the city of Cotonou This hinders stormwater flow, with the negative consequences of flooding and its corollaries on public health. To address this situation, which damages the image of the economic capital, the Government has entered into negotiations with the TFPs to support the government in the process of continuous improvement of the living environment of populations already facing myriad challenges in the household waste and wastewater management, leading to a proliferation of diseases such as malaria, diarrhea, and respiratory infections, etc. The Government of Benin has therefore taken the very right decision in making the CSMURP a priority. The main challenges identified or even highlighted by the populations are mainly of a social nature, particularly land, fair and prior compensation, the safety of people and property, access to housing, various types of nuisances, compliance with construction deadlines, and the recruitment of local workers. It should be noted that, although located in flood-prone areas, prohibited for human habitation, most owners require compensation before any work can begin. The involuntary displacement of informal occupants of the public easement is also a major concern reported and addressed by the GAP. As concern natural resources, the issues are focused on Lake Nokoué and wetlands (receptacles of drained water), which are ecosystems rich in biological diversity on the one hand, and sites protected by the Ramsar Convention on the other. C. Political, legal, and institutional framework of the project Benin has adopted several strategic policy documents related to the issue of stormwater management and the sanitation of the population's living environment. These include: a) the National Hygiene and Sanitation Policy (NHSP) document; b) the National Strategy for the Promotion of Hygiene and Sanitation (NSPHB) in rural and semi-urban areas; c) the National Water Policy Document; d) the National Waste Management Strategy; f) the National Disaster Prevention and Integrated Management Policy. In light of the scattered nature of the consideration of floods in these various documents and to better frame the problem related to this issue, a Contingency Plan has been drawn up under the aegis of the National Civil Protection Agency (NACP), for municipalities at high risk of flooding, including the municipality of Cotonou. These strategy documents provide guidelines to be followed in the relevant areas and are supported by international and national laws and regulations. At the international level, these are the agreements and conventions signed and ratified by Benin, of which the Ramsar Convention, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Convention on Biological Diversity are the most relevant to this project. The CSMURP will be carried out in the East Complex of the Ramsar 1018 site, which includes the lower Ouémé valley, the Porto Novo lagoon and Lake Nokoué. The designation of this ecosystem as a "Ramsar site" was based on specific criteria, including the international importance of the area and the presence of water birds in all seasons. The funding of the CSMURP is provided by several financial partners including the World Bank, the West African Development Bank (WADB), the African Development Bank (ADB), the Islamic Development Bank (IDB), the French Development Agency (FDA). As the World Bank is the lead agency for the panel of TFPs, its operational policies were applied for the implementation of the ESIA. These are OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment, OP 4.04 Natural Habitats, and OP 4.11. Physical Cultural Resources; OP 17.50 Information Dissemination. OP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement is applicable for the implementation of Action and Resettlement Plans. Figure 2: Land-use map of the city of Cotonou Figure 3: Overlay map of the city of Cotonou At the national level, several legislative and regulatory texts are applicable to the present project, including: (a) Act No. 98-030 of 12 February 1999 on the blueprint law on the environment in the Republic of Benin; (b) Act No. 97-029 of 15 January 1999 on the organization of municipalities in the Republic of Benin; (c) Act on the Public Health Code, supplemented by its implementing decree No. 097-616 of 18 December 1987 on the Public Health Code, etc. The institutional framework for the implementation of the Project essentially includes: ▪ The Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development (MESD), which is the project Manager. The MESD has delegated the management of the CSMURP to the Agency for Living Conditions and Territory Development of (ALCTD). It ensures the technical coordination of the project and will also ensure the effective consideration and implementation of measures in order to mitigate environmental and social impacts during the implementation of the project; ▪ Agency for the Execution of Urban Works (AGETUR): it will ensure the delegated Project Owner (PO) for the execution of ESIA and RAP studies. ▪ Benin Environment Agency (BEA): will review and approve this Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and will also participate in the external monitoring of the implementation of the ESMP; ▪ the MESD's Decentralized Technical Services, chiefly the General Directorate for Environment and Climate, and the Departmental Directorate for Living Environment and Sustainable Development of Littoral (DDLESD), will contribute to the implementation of the ESMP. ▪ the Technical services of the City Hall of Cotonou, the municipality hosting the project activities, NGOs and active associations in the municipality will also be involved in monitoring the implementation of the ESMP during and after the implementation of the activity. The works carried out will be the property of the City Hall of Cotonou, which will be the manager after the official handover. Its responsibility is engaged with regard to the periodic maintenance of the works. ▪ the contractors/suppliers (Control, surveillance, and execution of the work): they are responsible, through their Environmental Experts, for the implementation of the ESMP's obligations on the site; ▪ NGOs: In addition to social mobilization, they will participate in raising awareness among the population and monitoring the implementation of ESMP obligations through the involvement of the main actors involved in the implementation of activities; ▪ Technical and Financial Partners (TFPs) will have a right to environmental and social monitoring, in accordance with World Bank guidelines. Among the TFPs, apart from the World Bank, are the WABD, the ADB, the IDB, the EIB and the FDA. Figure 4 : ESMP Implementation Flowchart D. Impacts related to the project’s activities Positive and negative impacts were identified across the different phases of the project. Potential positive physico-biological impacts ▪ the ease with which stormwater can flow; ▪ eradication of dumps and rehabilitation of outfalls and retention basins (remove waste, clear the right-of-way from outfalls, etc.); ▪ the sanitation of the city. Potential positive socio-environmental impacts of wastewater facility construction ▪ Activities are almost similar on most collectors and retention basins. This refers to the involuntary displacement of persons installed in the public right-of-way where the facilities will be installed and must transfer the premises. ▪ It also includes civil engineering works leading to the construction/development of gutters, collectors and retention basins. ▪ The activities are described in the first part of this summary. The potential positive impacts are: ▪ Creation of 51,748 jobs; ▪ Increase in the turnover of companies involved in the supply of materials and equipment; ▪ Possibilities for residents to use the rubble to fill in flooded streets and houses; ▪ opportunities for NGOs involved in solid and liquid waste management; ▪ improvement of human mobility; ▪ reduction of floods; ▪ reduction of diseases related to water, floods and insalubrious conditions; ▪ improving school attendance by schoolchildren and health centers; ▪ improving school performance; ▪ market animation in all seasons; ▪ better conditions for the movement of the sick, pregnant women, and the disabled. ▪ availability of leisure and rest areas for residents and populations; ▪ development of related activities; ▪ etc. The following table shows the number of people who will benefit from sanitation and drainage by borough concerned. Tableau 1 : Beneficiaries by Borough of the CSMURP Locations 2018 CSMURP basins / works Cotonou 990 775 - 1st borough 84 575 Zb1, Zb2, Zb3, Zb4 2nd borough 89 982 Wa, WW1, WW2 WW3, Wab 3rd borough 102 127 S, Sbis, WW4 and Rabis 4thborough 53 050 Y, Ra, Rc, Rd and Rabis 5th borough 29 240 D and L 6th borough 42 805 Qc and Qb 9th borough 84 179 Pb and Pc 10th borough 56 510 Pa2 and Pa3 12th borough 142 879 M, ABa, ABb, ABc, AAc and AAs 13th borough 99 931 XX, X1, X2, X3 X11 and AAN Total number of people 785 278 impacted Through the CSMURP, it can be said that it is the whole city of Cotonou that will be impacted through general sanitation, focused on the efficient drainage of stormwater. This will have a significant impact on the health of populations, not to mention the impacts on the landscape. Potential negative physico-biological impacts ▪ Air quality impairment ▪ Noise pollution ▪ Disturbing vabrations ▪ Bustling and disturbance of aquatic fauna during cleaning and purging ▪ Disturbance of Avian Fauna Habitats at Outlets; ▪ Destruction of alignment trees, (1025 trees in the public domain) located in the right-of-way and vegetation located in retention basins and collector outlets; ▪ risks of waste and wastewater discharges into the developed basin. ▪ risks of quarry erosion due sandpits; ▪ etc Potential negative socio-environmental impacts of wastewater facility construction The various planned developments will result in significant negative impacts: ▪ Impacts related to land o 125 bare non-constructible bare lands will be taken into account in the displacement; o 63 dwellings are also affected by the displacement. ▪ Installations in the public easement for economic activities. There are 271 decks, 213 shacks, 228 ramps/stairs, 132 huts, 263 hangars, 30 kiosks, 197 mobile displays, 90 shops, to be moved. ▪ Social and community facilities There are 71 sumps and pits, 12 toilets, 01 SBEE cabin, 01 SBEE transformer station, 05 electricity poles, 02 churches, 04 mosques, 01 temple and 01 school, to be moved. Apart from the quantitative aspects, we can also mention: ▪ the temporary interruption of the economic activities of resellers installed in the vicinity of streets, gutters, collectors and retention basins to be developed with the temporary loss of revenue, the time required for resettlement and customer return; ▪ increase in the prevalence rate of STIs and HIV/AIDS (51,748 workers); mixing between populations and workers and a tendency to depravity even if the recruitment of local labor is recommended by local authorities and local residents. ▪ disruption of concessionaire networks (SBEE, SONEB, OPT) with the risk of loss of revenue, especially for bars and restaurants located along the roads to be developed. ▪ disruption of traffic and mobility in all areas of the CSMURP with a high risk of accidents and urban traffic jams/blocks, especially in the key centers of Cotonou. ▪ the risk of occupational accidents for workers (failure to comply with safety measures) ▪ The destruction of the vegetation at the outlets and basins; ▪ Soil congestion and pollution by purge/cleaning sludge from basins, outfalls and gutters, approximately 2,518,337 m3 will be extracted to facilitate water flow at the outfalls. Apart from the impacts, the risks identified are mainly related to the construction phase and in connection with civil engineering works. These are the risks of accidents during the various operations of the machines, the risks of accidents during the movement of people and goods, especially at the sites concerned with the construction sites and life camps. These risk levels range from medium to high for the most part. It is also worth mentioning the risks of theft on car parks intended for the garage of vehicles from local residents to construction sites, as well as the risks of drowning during the cleaning of retention basins and outlets. Excavation work is also exposed to risks, especially the risk of perforation of underground cables and the risk of destruction of possible physical cultural remains. E. Public consultations During the implementation of the ESIA, an important place was given to public consultation, which is a procedure for public participation in the decision-making process. Its objective is to inform the public concerned about the existence of a project and to obtain their opinion on the various aspects of its design and implementation. In addition to the individual surveys at the borough concerned, public consultations were held as a group option (grouping of two 02 adjoining boroughs) The optional grouped public consultations were held in the: ▪ 1st and 2nd boroughs, in the morning of Tuesday, February 20, 2018; ▪ 3rd and 4th boroughs, on the evening of Tuesday, February 20, 2018; ▪ 5th and 6th boroughs, in the morning of Thursday, February 22, 2018; ▪ 9th and 10th boroughs, in the evening of Thursday, February 22, 2018; ▪ 12th and 13th boroughs, in the morning of Friday, February 23, 2018. These public consultations were held in collaboration with politico-administrative authorities. Mention should be made of the effective participation of local authorities and populations in these consultations because of their interest in the project. The main concerns recorded during the sessions were: ▪ Notice (information) to affected people before demolition work; ▪ compensation of affected persons, including involuntary displacements; ▪ pollution problems and various nuisances; ▪ the recruitment of local workers; ▪ the targeting of leave and vacation period for the conduct of work in the vicinity of schools; ▪ the reconstruction of everything that would have been destroyed during the works; ▪ raising workers' awareness on bad behavior; ▪ user safety during the work; ▪ traffic difficulties during the work; ▪ the risks of accidents; ▪ the involvement of the town hall, local elected officials, and local populations (local residents' committee) to raise awareness and monitor the work; ▪ etc. The list of interviewees and those of the public consultations are attached to this report. F. Environmental and social management plan To mitigate the potential negative impacts and improve the positive ones related to the implementation of the CSMURP and meet the expectations of the populations, measures have been proposed and compiled in the Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP). The most important measures related to the remediation and construction of roads and facilities are: ▪ information sessions for the population on the progress of the work, possible network interruptions, useful measures to be taken and traffic instructions by a town crier and in the local press; ▪ the resettlement of people affected by the project ; ▪ the planning and minimization of possible interruptions of network concessionaires (SBEE, SONEB); ▪ the involvement of network concessionaires for due diligence in the relocation of networks; ▪ the construction and periodic maintenance of detour roads; ▪ the recruitment of local workers with equal competence; ▪ the provision of personal protective equipment (safety shoes, gloves, dust masks, vests, etc.) by the company to the personnel; ▪ the setting-up by the company of an IEC program against STIs, HIV/AIDS for construction site personnel and local populations; ▪ the planting of alignment trees on either side of all the arteries concerned by the project; ▪ the establishment in each district concerned of tree planting groups in schools and other public places to help capture greenhouse gases; ▪ the location of avian species before the destruction of vegetation at the outlets and the reinstallation of new habitats for avian fauna after the work; ▪ the setting-up of a communication system on the CSMURP; ▪ the setting-up of an environmental monitoring system for the project. As part of the development of the CMURP activities, monitoring will consist in periodically carrying out an environmental assessment of the project. It will concern the evolution of certain impact receptors such as: − air; − water at outlets and basins; − groundwater; − soil; − public health. To this end, a capacity building plan has been drawn up taking into account the needs of the key actors involved in monitoring, in particular certain officials from the City of Cotonou, the Departmental Directorate of the Ministry in charge of the living environment, the Agency for the Living Environment for the Development of Territories, etc. BAE being the umbrella structure in charge of environmental monitoring in Benin. To enable the implementation of the ESMP, environmental and social requirements have been defined. These requirements will be given to the companies for consideration during work. The purpose of environmental site monitoring is to ensure compliance with the laws and regulations in force regarding environmental management and to apply the penalties as per the company's contract in the event of an infringement or non-compliance. Environmental monitoring also aims to ensure to the administrative authorities and the contracting authority that the mitigation, compensation and enhancement measures proposed in the ESMP are effectively implemented. Some of these tools are: - The internal regulations and the code of good conduct, which contain all the practical and respectful provisions of human rights, relating to general and permanent rules on discipline at work; the main measures relating to health and safety in the company; respect for human rights; respect for the environment; provisions relating to the protection of employees' rights; disciplinary measures; etc. - The Health, Safety, and Environment Plan must be drawn up by the company in charge of the works and must specify its working methods and environmental protection. The organization within the company is also taken into account to meet all the requirements of the Project Owner (PO) regarding the environment. This document, which must be updated regularly, highlights the major environmental issues to be taken into account. It takes into account the Special Safety Plan and Health Protection (SSPHP), the Environmental and Social Site Management Plan (ESPM-S), and the Special Waste Management and Disposal Plan (SWMDP). - The Guidelines for the Protection of Physical Cultural Resources, the objective of which is to safeguard all physical heritage during excavations, and the practical measures to be adopted. - The Environmental and Social Clauses Booklet, which describes the environmental and social requirements during the construction phase, which are intended to inform the Contractor of his obligations regarding environmental protection, the safety of site personnel and the population, and the consideration of socio-economic aspects. The requirements specify the content of the Environmental and Social Management Plan to be drawn up by the Contractor and the obligations for monitoring its implementation. In light of the multitude of TFPs involved in the financing of the CSMURP, individual ESMPs have been developed, i. e. at basin level, to allow easy implementation. An ESMP matrix has been developed for each collector and retention basin that takes into account proposed measures, achievement indicators, impact indicators, implementation schedules, monitoring managers, environmental monitoring managers, costs. As an example, this summary presents an extract from the Pa3 collector ESMP matrix, specifically the work phase. Table 2: Excerpt from the ESMP of PA3 (work phase) 2. Work and development phase 2.1.N.1.2. ; 2.1.N.4.1. ; The Existence of a fence Number of accidents During the PO, Cotonou city council To be included in the conditions of 2.2.N.6.1; 2.4.N.9.1. 2.7.N.2.1. around the base camp implementation MdC PMU the contract 2.9.N.2.1. ; 2.15. N.1.1., The existence of sign of the building the company in ALCTD Report and fence the base posts and road signs for site and the base charge of the works camp and the building sites the base camp camp 2.1.N.1.1; Ensure the Existence of architectural Number of Before the PO Cotonou city council 5 000 000 architectural design fits the plans that fit the landscape architectural plans implementation MdC PO landscape of the receiving designed in of the base camp Company in charge PMU environment. accordance with the of the works ALCTD requirements 2.1.P.1.1. Acquire skilfully the Existence of legal Absence of complaint Before the The company in Cotonou city council site (lease, purchase, etc.) documents for acquisition construction of charge of the works PO To be included in the conditions of or rental of sites (Proofs of the base camp MdC the contract purchase and other PO, documents) 2.1.P.1.2, 2.2.P.2.1., Number of local workers -Number of complaints Before the works PO, PO To be included in the conditions of 2.3.P.2.2., 2.4.P.2.1., recruited registered and MdC MdC the contract 2.8.P.2.1., Favor local addressed The company in Cotonou city council workforce over any other kind -Number of local charge of the works DDTFP in case it is as efficient as workers recruited them Female candidates are Number of women During the PO Cotonou city council To be included in the terms of the 2.3.P.2.3; 2.4.P.2.3; 2.8.P.2.2 encouraged recruited recruitment MdC DDTFP contract Encourage female candidates phase Company in charge of the works 2.1.N.2.1., 2.3.N.3.1., -Number of sensitization Number of complaints During the Company in charge Cotonou city council To be included in the terms of the 2.4.N.2.1., 2.13.N.2.1., made registered and construction of the works ABE contract 2.2.N.9.1., -Number of new cases of addressed works and the MdC ALCTD 2.14.N.2.1. Sensitize the HIV AIDS registered operation phase PO workers and the local Number of condoms residents living at the basin distributed and the base camp to the STI-HIV/AIDS 2.14.N.2.2. Provide the workers with condoms 2.14.N.2.3. Formulate a code Existence of the Code of Number of accidents During the Company in charge Cotonou city council To be included in the conditions of of good practice within the noted construction of the works, ALCTD the contract good practice signed by all company and have it signed works of the PO DDCVDD Littoral by all employees of the employees of the company base camp and company. others 2.1.P.2.1. , 2.3.P.2.1, Every worker or Number of complaints During the PO CNSS To be included into the ESMP of 2.4.P.2.2. Recruit under the beneficiary; noted and addressed recruitment of The company’s DDTFP construction works and the terms of (CNSS) CNSS office badge of the workers control office environmental clauses every worker; 2.4 P.1.1. ; 2.4..N.3.2. ; -Existence and Number of injuries During the Company in charge Cotonou city council To be included into the conditions 2.7.N.1.1. ; 2.1.N.3.2. ; effectiveness of PPE noted construction of the works ALCTD of the contract 2.9.N.1.1. ; 2.10.N.1.1. ; wearing works of the MdC DDCVDD Littoral 2.11.N.4.1; 2.12.N.1.1. ; -Stock of PPE available on base camp and PO 2.14..N.1.1; 2.14..N.3.2. ; the site others 2.15.N.1.3 Provide and ensure that the workers wear their PPE Comply with the standards Number of complaints During the Company’s control Cotonou city council To be included into the ESMP of 2.1.N.5.2 Comply with the of dust emission Dust related to dust implementation office DDCVDD Littoral construction works and the standards on dust in Benin emission standards are emission noted and of the base camp PO ALCTD environmental clauses complied with addressed 2.1.N.3.1; 2.2.N.5.1. ; Noise production level of Number of complaints During the The company’s Cotonou city council To be included into the ESMP of 2.4.N.3.1. ; 2.15.N.2.1. equipment be in related to noise construction control office DDCVDD Littoral construction works and the Comply with the standards in accordance with the production noted and works at the PO ALCTD environmental clauses force regarding noise standards addressed base camp production (rest hours) 2.1.N.5.1., 2.2.N.2.1. , The sites are regularly Number of complaints During the The company’s Cotonou city council To be included into the ESMP of 2.2.N.3.1., 2.2.N.4.1., watered from residents and construction control office DDCVDD Littoral construction works and the 2.6.N.1.1., 2.13..N.1.2; users of deviations works ALCTD environmental clauses 2.13..N.3.3; 2.14.N.1.2. Water Absence of cloud of dust noted and addressed regularly the sites to reduce during rush-hour traffic the emissions Low dust deposition rate on nearby plants and vegetation 2.1.N.5.2. ; 2.7.N.1.2. Frequency of the Measurement of gas During The company’s Cotonou city council To be included into the ESMP of 2.13..N.1.3; 2.14..N.2.2 maintenance emissions generated construction control office DDCVDD Littoral construction works and the Ensure that the cars which are according to the works on the site ALCTD environmental clauses being used on the standards and at the basic PO construction site are well life maintained and serviced 2.1.N.7.1. ; 2.2.N.8.1. Comply -Number of complaints During the The company in Cotonou city council To be included into the ESMP of with the site building The site building standards noted and addressed operating period charge of the works DDCVDD Littoral construction works and the standards are respected -Number of injury of the site and The company’s ALCTD environmental clauses the base camp control office PO 2.2.N.1.1., 2.2.N.10.4., -The sites used as base Absence of complaints Just a the end of PO Cotonou city council To be included into the ESMP of Rehabilitate the sites that camp are rehabilitated the operating The company in DDCVDD Littoral construction works and the served as base camp at the -Availability of the site for periods of the charge of the works ALCTD environmental clauses end of the works other uses base camp PO 2.2.P.1.1. Sensitize drivers to Number of sensitizations Number of During the whole PO Cotonou city council 2 000 000 the respect of the highway made accidents noted period of the The company in DDCVDD Littoral code materials charge of the works ALCTD 2.10. N.5.4 Sensitize these Sensitization gatherings transportation The contracting PO cars drivers to good driving attendance list company of the practices materials The company’s Control Office Number of sensitizations -Number of injury During the PO Cotonou city council Already included 2.2.P.3.1. Sensitize people to made -Number of offenders operating period Company in charge DDCVDD Littoral the risks of access to the base noted of the base camp of the works ALCTD camp PO 2.2.N.6.2. Number and frequency of -Number of complaints During the PO Cotonou city council 2 000 000 2.1.N.2.2. To sensitize the sensitizations made noted and addressed construction MdC DDCVDD Littoral employees to be on good -Number of works and those Company in charge ALCTD neighborly relations with the sensitizations of the base camp of the works PO local residents and respect the habits and customs 2.2.N.7.1. ; 2.3.N.5.1. ; Contractual deadlines are Numbers of During the period PO Cotonou city council To be included in the conditions 2.4.N.4.2. ; 2.11.N.2.1; respected complaints noted and stated by in the MdC DDCVDD Littoral of the contract 2.11.N.3.1. ; addressed conditions of the Company in charge ALCTD Respect contractual contract of the works PO deadlines 2.2.N.8.2. ; 2.4.N.8.1. Presence of road signs for Number of accident During the works PO Cotonou city council To be included into the ESMP of Regulate traffic at intersection intersection works noted MdC DDCVDD Littoral construction works points of the base camp with Presence of Traffic Control Traffic holdup noted Company in charge ALCTD public roads, crossroads and Officers of the works PO roundabouts Presence of 30Km/ h Number of accidents During the works PO Cotonou city council To be included into the ESMP of 2.2.N.8.3. Limit vehicles noted MdC DDCVDD Littoral construction works speed limit signs speed to 30 km/h on the The company in ALCTD construction site 2.10. charge of the works PO 2.2.N.10.2. Availability of sealed Waste storage During the PO Cotonou city council To be included into PGES- Provide sealed drums for the drums for the storage of complying with the operating period MdC DDCVDD Littoral construction and the social and storage of oils and oils and construction waste standards of the base camp The company in ALCTD environmental clauses construction waste easily easily assimilated by SDW charge of the works PO assimilated by SDW Waste removal contracts 2.2.N.11.1. Take care of the The infirmary has first aid During the PO Cotonou city council To be included into the emergent product equipment’s products operating period MdC DDCVDD Littoral environmental and social clauses of the infirmary. of the base camp The company in ALCTD and the sites charge of the works PO 2.2.N.11.2. Sign a contract for Existence of the contract Biomedical waste During the PO Cotonou city council To be included into PGES biomedical waste removal with for biomedical waste removal should operating period MdC DDCVDD Littoral construction works and the social a competent healthcare center removal comply with the of the base camp The company in ALCTD and environmental clauses Frequency of the removals standards and the sites charge of the works PO 2.3. N.1.1. ; 2.3.N.2.1. ; The measures stated in Number of complaints Before the works PO Cotonou city council Confer PAR 2.3.N.5.4. ; 2.3.N.6.1. ; the PAR are applied noted and addressed MdC DDCVDD Littoral 2.4.N.5.1. ; 2.5.N.1.3. ; Apply The company in ALCTD the measures stated in the charge of the works PO PAR 2.3.P.1.1. Sensitize the Number of sensitization Number of complaints Before the start PO Cotonou city council Already included residents to what is a stake in sessions of the residents of the works The company in DDCVDD Littoral the project charge of the works ALCTD PO 2.3.P.3.1. 2.8.P.1.1. Sensitize Local residents are Number of waste Before and after PO Cotonou city council Already included residents to the efficient waste sensitized to the effective removal contracts in the works The company in DDCVDD Littoral management management of waste the basin charge of the works ALCTD PO 2.3.P.3.2. Place a garbage bin A garbage bin is placed at Salubrity state of the During the works PO Cotonou city council 500 000 at the pool the outlet sites The company in DDCVDD Littoral charge of the works ALCTD PO 2.3.P.3.3. Waste collection rate as Salubrity of the sites During the PO Cotonou city council Confer Cotonou city council Apply the regulations in force approved by competent construction and MdC DDCVDD Littoral on waste management structures the operation The company in ALCTD charge of the works PO 2.3.P.3.4. Set up a committee Existence of the citizen Salubrity state of the From the PO Cotonou city council 200 000 to keep watch on the salubrity watch committee in every sites beginning of the The company in DDCVDD Littoral of the district and the district works charge of the works ALCTD developed basin PO 2.3.N.4.1.. Sensitize users of Numbers of sensitization Number of accident From the PO Cotonou city council Already included social and community made case noted preparation The company in DDCVDD Littoral infrastructures to the risks of phase to the end charge of the works ALCTD accident during works of the works PO 2.3.P.4.1 ; 2.4.P.1.1 Plan a Existence of rubble dump Number of sites Before PO Cotonou city council To be included in the conditions of rubble dump site site available demolition and The company in DDCVDD Littoral the contract 2.11.N.3.2 Avoid "careless" implementation charge of the works ALCTD PO deposits of rubble 2.3.N.5.1. Ensure temporary Existence of temporary Level of satisfaction of During the whole PO Cotonou city council To be included in the conditions of safe footbridges are built and footbridge residents period of the MdC DDCVDD Littoral the contract respect contractual deadlines Number of accidents construction The company in ALCTD works charge of the works PO 2.3.N.5.3. ; 2.15.N.3.1. ; The paving of the roads all Satisfaction level of During the whole PO Cotonou city council Already included 2.15.N.4.1 Ensure that the the up to the residents the residents period of the MdC DDCVDD Littoral roads are paved all the way (side by side) is ensured construction The company in ALCTD up to the residents (side by works charge of the works PO side ) including the access ramps to homes 2.3.N.5.5. Plan secure parking Plan secured parking Number of parking During the whole PO Cotonou city council To be included in the conditions of areas for vehicles that cannot areas for vehicles that areas period of the MdC DDCVDD Littoral the contract have access to their garage cannot have access to Number of residents' construction The company in ALCTD their garage complaints noted works charge of the works PO Number of parking Number of thefts available noted 4..N.3.3. Avoid working at Provide specifications in Number of complaints During the whole PO Cotonou city council To be included in the conditions of night (start working at 7am employment contracts and noted and addressed, period of the MdC DDCVDD Littoral the contract and stop at 6 pm) the PGES construction from residents and works The company in ALCTD works workers charge of the works PO 2.4..N.3.4. Use less noisy The technical Number of complaints During the whole PO Cotonou city council To be included in the conditions of machines specifications of the from residents noted period of the MdC DDCVDD Littoral the contract. machines are specified in and addressed works The company in ALCTD the conditions of the charge of the works Forestry Inspection contracts Littoral 2.14.N.4.1. Sensitize the The populations are sensitized to the nuisances Number of During the PO Cotonou city council DDCVDD population to the nuisance made by the works (IRA, conjunctivitis, etc.) complaints construction works The company in Littoral ALCTD made by the work (IRA, Number of of the base camp charge of the works PO Conjunctivitis, Etc.) sensitizations 2.4.N.6.1., 2.14.P.1.1. ; The developed main roads Number of trees Just at the end of PO Cotonou city council 8280000 at the rate of 10350 ml 2.17.P.1.1 Reforest the mains are reforested planted and the works Recruited company DDCVDD Littoral for a space of 25 m between 2 roads and the developed sites maintained ALCTD plants at the cost of CFA 20 000 Inspection forestière per plant (purchase of plant, Littoral staking, drilling, planting and protection with a cage) 2.7.N.1.4. Set up wooded Number of wooded areas Reforested area At the end of the Service provider Cotonou city council 1 ha of useful plants, i.e. 100 spaces in public places Greenhouse gas rate works PO DDCVDD Littoral plants with a spacing of 10 m at (schools, healthcare center, captured CFA 200000, upkeep cost college, etc.) to capture included, and the maintenance greenhouse gases expenses of the main roads (see below). 2.4.N.6.2. Maintain trees until Existence of a tree upkeep Number of surviving From the end of PO Cotonou city council 15 000 000 at the rate of 3 000 optimal growth (over 5 years) contract until optimal trees Surviving the work until the Recruited company DDCVDD Littoral 000 per year over 5 years. growth Upkeep contracts end of the ALCTD Relining rate of planted operation (at Forestry Inspection trees least two years) Littoral 2.4.N.7.1. Avoid work during Number of disturbed bird During the cleaning PO Cotonou city council To be included in the nesting of the species nests work Recruited DDCVDD Littoral the environmental present company ALCTD and social clauses Inspection forestière Littoral 2.4.N.7.2. Develop measures An ornithological study is Number of birds Before the works PO ABE, 1 000 000 for each basin whose for the recovery of bird elaborated protected at the outlet The company in Cotonou City council outlet is on Nokoué Lake and habitats charge of the works DDCVDD Littoral swamp 2.10.N.2.2 Elaborate an ALCTD ornithological study for the protection of avian fauna 2.5.N.1.1. ; 2.5.N.2.1 Inform Number of radio broadcast Number of complaints While moving Concessionaires of Cotonou City council To be included in the conditions of people of the different network Duration of networks the various DDCVDD Littoral contract, the environmental and movements needed for the disturbances networks ALCTD social clauses works and warn them before any power cuts 2.5.N.2.1. Minimize the time Duration of disturbances Number of complaints During the Dealers of various Cotonou City council To be included in the conditions of spent to move the concerned relocation of the networks DDCVDD Littoral contract, the environmental and networks works ALCTD social clauses 2.5.N.1.2. From the beginning Service provision contracts Level of disturbance of before the dealers of the Cotonou City council To be included in the conditions of of the project Implicate with the concessionaires subscribers relocation of the different networks DDCVDD Littoral contract dealers to facilitate the networks PO ALCTD relocation of the networks 2.6. Plan for road signs to Existence of directional Number of accident Before the start PO Cotonou City council To be included in the conditions of guide road users signs cases noted Absence of the Company in charge DDCVDD Littoral contract and the PGES of complaints construction of the works ALCTD construction works works 2.7. Put a canvass sheet over Trucks transporting Number of covered Throughout the PO Cotonou City council To be included in environmental trucks which transport materials are covered trucks duration of the Company in charge DDCVDD Littoral and social clauses and PGES- material from the collection Absence of material spills Number of complaints transportation of of the works ALCTD construction works site to the construction site on the transport route from road users materials Compliance with traffic and loading standards. 2.7.N.3.1. Set up public Existence of a parking Number of theft Throughout the PO Cotonou City council To be included in the costs of the parking for a safe parking of Number of complaints duration of the MdC DDCVDD Littoral works and PGES construction the resident’s vehicles noted works Company in charge ALCTD works of the works 2.7.N.3.2. Secure the The resident’s vehicle Number of parking set Throughout the PO Cotonou City council To be included in the costs of the residents' vehicles parking parking is secured up duration of the MdC DDCVDD Littoral works Number of theft cases works Company in charge ALCTD Number of complaints of the works noted 2.8.N.2.1. ; 2. 15. N.4.1. 2.15. Number of sensitization Number of conflict During the The company’s Cotonou City council To be included in PGES P.1.1.2.15.N.1.2. ; 2.15.P.3.1, made noted construction control office Environmental construction works 2.15. N.4.1. works of the Police Sensitize workers to the base camp Of the littoral hygiene and good practices department 2.11.P.1.1. Give instructions Existence of instructions Number of offenders During PO Cotonou City council To be included in PGES to ensure the salubrity of the on the site Number of penalized construction MdC DDCVDD Littoral construction works basin installed signs post The basin salubrity work Company in charge ALCTD (prohibition sign post ) state of the works 2.11.N.2.1. Comply with the The basin development Quality of the work During the PO Cotonou City council To be included in the basin development standards standards are respected construction MdC DDCVDD Littoral environmental and social clauses period Company in charge ALCTD and the conditions of contract of the works 2.12.N.1.1. Cover trucks Number of covered trucks Number of complaints During the PO Cotonou City council 2 500 000 during the transport of transport MdC DDCVDD Littoral garbage and cleaning Company in charge products of the works 2.10.P.2.1.; 2.10.N.4.1. ; Mud removal contract for Zero complaint noted During the PO Cotonou City council To be included in the costs of the 2.10.N.6.2 Send mud trucks during the works transport MdC DDCVDD Littoral works obtaining from cleaning Absence of ground Company in charge ALCTD services to the LES spills of mud of the works PMU 2.10.N.6.3. Comply with waste Zero landfill infiltration of Quality of the layer During the PO ABE 2,966,690,000 storage standards at the LES cleaning products operation of the MdC Cotonou and Ouidah At a rate of FCFA 10,000 per m3 of Ouèssè LESS Company in charge town council of the works DDCVDD Littoral 83,500,000 ALCTD At the rate of 3,000,000,000 shared by 36 basins for two landfill buriers and for all basins 2.10.N.3.1. Supply the outlet The outlet is supplied with Reforestation At the end of the PO Cotonou city council 3 000 000 with useful plant seeds such useful plants campaign of useful works and start MdC DDCVDD Littoral as Typha sp, Thalia welwichii, plants of operation Company in charge ALCTD Cyperus sp, etc. to of the works PMU compensate for the vegetation losses 2.10.P.2.7. ; 2.16.N.1.1. Plan Existence of public Number of restrooms During the works PO Cotonou city council 2 500 000 for public rest rooms and restrooms at the outlet built and at the end of MdC DDCVDD Littoral urinals around the basin the works Company in charge ALCTD of the works PMU 2.10.N.5.1. In case of Existence of containment No spills in the water During the works PO Cotonou city council To be included into the ESMP of unexpected spill, deploy the devices for spilled material MdC DDCVDD Littoral construction works and the spill containment devices, Company in charge ALCTD environmental clauses recover them and manage of the works PMU them. 2.15.N.5.1. Absence of AGR Strict Prohibition of At the end of the Service Providers Cotonou city council Confer the City Council Strictly Prohibit the relocation incompatibles with the relocation works PO DDCVDD Littoral of AGR incompatible with the developped roads Company in charge ALCTD durability of the structure of the works PMU 2.12.P.1.1. Sensitize the Frequency of sensitization, Salubrity state around During the Service Providers Cotonou city council Already included neighboring residents of the fine, and sensitization the basin development of PO DDCVDD Littoral basin reports Number of the basin Company in charge ALCTD sensitization made of the works PMU 2.16.N.1.2. Place garbage Existence garbage cans Salubrity State of the During the Cotonou city council PO 100,000 to 25,000 cans along public bench site Number of garbage cans site implementation MdC per bin placed of of public DDCVDD Littoral benches PMU 2.16.N.1.3. Ensure periodic Existence of periodic Frequencies of During the Service provider Cotonou city council To be included in the conditions of cleaning of the premises cleaning contracts of the maintenance services development PO DDCVDD Littoral contract works Operating efficiency of period of the Company in charge ALCTD the works basin of the works PMU 2.17.N.1.1. Set up committee Existence of a resident During the PO Cotonou city council 200000 for the security of basin committee for the safety of Salubrity state along development MdC DDCVDD Littoral the collectors the collectors works of the Company in charge ALCTD basin of the works PMU 2.18.N.1.3. Create a Existence of a meeting Before and Cotonou city council Confer PO framework for meeting framework for the during works PO DDCVDD Littoral between the different project implementation of all construction and ALCTD PMU players to exchange projects the development documents and information of the basin 2.18.N.2.1 Implement the Works Implementation Absence of Before and Cotonou city council Confer agency of the living collectors and the basins of plans of the different degradation / work on during works PO DDCVDD Littoral environment ALCTD PAPVIC before the projects newly developed construction and Company in charge PMU development of the concerned streets the development of the works ALCTD streets to avoid their of the basin degradation 2.18.N.3.1 ; 2.18.N.4.1 Absence of complaints Reduction of Before and Cotonou city council Confer ALCTD Implement environmental and nuisances made by during works PO DDCVDD Littoral social requirements and meet the works construction and PMU deadlines the development ALCTD of the basin 2.18.N.3.2 Provide specific Existence of clauses Compliance with During the Companies in Cotonou city council To be included in the clauses for the construction specific to these activities environmental and development charge of the DDCVDD Littoral environmental and social clauses companies regarding good in the tender social requirements works of the cleaning PMU of each project practices (no spills in the during the works basin PO ALCTD water, no solid waste discharge, no release of hazardous materials. 2.18.N.5. 2. Plan for ducts or Availability of ducts and Absence of During the Companies in Cotonou city council To be included in the conditions reservoir on the streets in reservoirs on developed degradation / work on development charge of the DDCVDD Littoral of contract conjunction with the streets newly developed works of the cleaning PMU concessionaires of the streets basin PO ALCTD different networks Complaint management mechanisms The following mechanisms are proposed to resolve conflicts that may arise from the implementation of the Cotonou Stormwater Management and Urban Resilience project (CSMURP). The process consists of two (02) phases: the amicable settlement phase and the judiciary phase. The out-of-court settlement phase consists of four (04) levels: ▪ 1st level Any person who feels aggrieved by the implementation of the project or who has grievances against the company responsible for carrying out the works must file a request with the Local Resettlement Committee (LRC), which sits at the Borough level, for the settlement of the dispute. ▪ 2nd level If the dispute is not settled, the applicant or complainant appeals to the Technical Resettlement Committee (TRC), which meets at the Town Hall. ▪ 3rd level If the dispute is not settled, the applicant or complainant shall have recourse to the Prefect. ▪ 4th level If the dispute is not settled, the applicant or the complainant refers the matter to the Minister of the Living Environment and Sustainable Development through the Agency for living Conditions and territories developments. In the event of dissatisfaction at these four levels, the applicant may bring an action before the court. The time limits for processing complaints at these different levels must not exceed fifteen (15) days from the date of receipt of the complaint. Specifically, the Technical Committee for Resettlement set up at the Cotonou City Hall will provide the affected persons with the telephone numbers of its Administrative Secretary or Rapporteur. A log will be opened for this purpose to receive complaints that will be processed. Complaints and grievances will be reviewed in session by the TRC. Proposals for responses will be received by complainants through representatives of affected persons who are members of the TRC or the Neighborhood Chief. Complainants may meet with the TRC at periodic meetings to present their concerns orally. Affected persons will be informed of the existence of all these provisions. In addition, a similar system is installed at the Local Resettlement Committee, which sits at the Borough level. Legal action is possible if the amicable settlement fails. It begins with a complaint filed either at the level of the Borough Police Office or directly at the level of the Public Prosecutor at the Cotonou Court of First Instance. The estimate costs of the ESMPs is thirty-four billion one hundred and fifteen million six hundred and nine thousand four hundred and sixteen (34 115 609 416) CFA francs, or fifty- eight million eight hundred and twenty-three two hundred and sixty-one, point one (58 823 261.1 US dollars). Table 1: Approximate Costs of Implementing ESMPs TFP Basins Costs in FCFA Costs in US dollars WW1 275 904 334 478 105,00 WW2 276 816 014 179 684,00 WW3 275 700 174 477 751,00 WW4 275 813 114 477 947,00 Zb1 158 796 794 275 173,00 Zb2 159 034 394 275 585,00 Zb3 159 183 994 275 844,00 WADB Zb4 159 224 474 275 915,00 Pb 360 864 264 625 338,00 Aba 268 233 264 464 812,00 Pc 300 298 264 519 849,00 AAss 5 010 729 264 8 682 903,00 Abb/Abc 927 034 264 1 606 423,00 SUBTOTAL 8 607 632 612 14 615 329,00 S 62 045 882 107 531,90 Sbis 62 165 882 107 739,80 Rabis 51 825 882 89 819,60 EIB Qb 67 105 882 116 301,40 Ra 51 825 882 89 819,60 SUBTOTAL 294 969 410 511 212,10 Wa 416 700 264 722 085,00 XX 1 359 789 314 2 677 095,00 X1 234 600 112 420 097,00 X2 218 066 512 389 718,00 FDA X3 234 600 112 420 097,00 X11 218 066 512 389 718,00 Wab 345 574 264 598 833,00 Subtotal 3 027 397 090 5 246 788,70 Rb-Rd 221 890 264 384 505,00 Rc 365 759 264 633 810,00 D 2 730 033 264 4 730 771,00 IDB LB-LS 497 279 664 861 717,00 M 424 202 264 735 084,00 AAn 2 799 322 264 4 850 840,00 Subtotal 7 038 486 984 12 198 417,60 Qc 1 439 810 264 2 494 992,00 ADB Pa2 4 629 854 264 8 022 872,00 Subtotal 6 069 664 528 10 519 349,30 WB Aac 5 054 524 264 8 748 333,00 Pa3 3 478 496 264 6 020 555,35 Y 558 238 264 966 022,00 Subtotal 9 091 258 792 15 734 910,35 Total Amount 34 129 409 416 58 826 007,05