E4647 V12 Government of Tamil Nadu DETAILED PROJECT REPORT (DPR) FOR ROAD IMPROVEMENT WORKS UNDER TAMIL NADU ROAD SECTOR PROJECT II (TNRSP II) VOLUME VII: PART A (I) ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR UPGRADING PARUVAKUDI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM -VILATHIKULAM - VEMBAR ROAD (SH44) KM 22/500 TO KM 38/750 AND KM 41/300 TO KM 56/700 NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM OVARI ROAD (SH89) UPTO ECR JUNCTION KM 0/000 TO KM 35/200 RAJAPALAYAM - SANKARANKOIL – TIRUNELVELI ROAD (SH41) KM 1/800 TO KM 28/000 AND KM 33/800 TO KM 82/800 October 2014 PREPARATION, REVIEW AND AUTHORISATION Revision Approved for Date Prepared by Reviewed by No. Issue by Dr. Mahaveer Saini / SK Sinha 0 27.06.2014 Sippy N Kumar / Deepak Malik (Team Leader) Sandipan Das Dr. Mahaveer Saini / SK Sinha 1 11.07.2014 Sippy N Kumar / Deepak Malik (Team Leader) Sandipan Das Dr. Mahaveer Saini / SK Sinha 2 11.08.2014 Sippy N Kumar / Deepak Malik (Team Leader) Sandipan Das Dr. Mahaveer Saini / SK Sinha 3 28.08.2014 Sippy N Kumar / Deepak Malik (Team Leader) Sandipan Das Dr. Mahaveer Saini / SK Sinha 4 06.10.2014 Sippy N Kumar / Deepak Malik (Team Leader) Sandipan Das ISSUE REGISTER Number of Distribution List Date Issued Copies Highways Department, Govt. of Tamil Nadu 06.10.14 1(Soft) SMEC staff: Associates: Office Library 06.10.14 1(Soft) SMEC Project File: SMEC COMPANY DETAILS SMEC INDIA PVT LTD – SMEC INTERNATIONAL PTY. LTD., AUSTRALIA (JV) 5th Floor, Tower C, DLF Building No.8 DLF Cyber City, Phase-II. Gurgaon-122002 (Haryana) INDIA T +91-124-4552800, 4501100 Ext.267 | F +91-124-4380043 Email: Deepak.malik@smec.com www.smec.com ROAD IMPROVEMENT WORKS UNDER TAMIL NADU ROAD SECTOR PROJECT II (TNRSP II) For PD, PMU, WB(Transport), TNRSP, Chennai, Tamil Nadu HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND ............................................................................. 1-1 1.2 THE PROJECT ................................................................................................ 1-2 1.2.1 Project Description ................................................................................... 1-2 1.2.2 Objectives of the Project .......................................................................... 1-5 1.2.3 Scope of Environmental Assessment (EA)............................................... 1-6 1.2.4 Project Benefits ........................................................................................ 1-7 1.2.5 Structure of the EA ................................................................................... 1-7 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ..................................................................................... 2-1 2.1 GENERAL........................................................................................................ 2-1 2.2 PRESENT CHARACTERISTICS ..................................................................... 2-7 2.2.1 Right of Way (ROW) ................................................................................. 2-7 2.2.2 Traffic Scenario ........................................................................................ 2-7 2.2.3 Road Width ............................................................................................. 2-11 2.2.4 Land Use and Roadside Environments .................................................. 2-12 2.2.5 Villages and Urban-Built Up Sections..................................................... 2-15 2.3 PROPOSED IMPROVEMENT ....................................................................... 2-16 2.3.1 Proposed CW Configuration and Cross Sections................................... 2-16 2.3.2 Identification of Realignments/ Bypass................................................... 2-33 2.4 CULVERTS AND BRIDGES .......................................................................... 2-34 2.5 IDENTIFICATION OF BORROW AREAS ..................................................... 2-37 2.6 GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATIONS ........................................................... 2-40 2.7 HYDRAULIC AND HYDROLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS ............................. 2-41 2.8 ROAD SAFETY REVIEW .............................................................................. 2-41 2.9 ROAD CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS, NORMS AND GUIDELINES......... 2-54 2.10 PROJECT COST ........................................................................................... 2-55 3 ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATORY FRAME WORK ............................................ 3-1 3.1 APPLICABLE REGULATIONS ........................................................................ 3-1 3.1.1 Legal Framework of Government of India ................................................ 3-1 3.1.2 Key Environmental Laws and Regulations ............................................... 3-1 3.1.3 Environmental Legislation Framework of the State ................................ 3-12 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | i HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 3.1.4 Other Legislation Applicable to Road Construction Projects .................. 3-16 3.1.5 World Bank Requirements ..................................................................... 3-18 3.1.6 MoRTH and IRC Specifications .............................................................. 3-21 3.1.7 Clearances and Permissions required for the Project ............................ 3-23 4 BASELINE ENVIRONMENT .................................................................................. 4-1 4.1 BACKGROUND ............................................................................................... 4-1 4.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT –BASELINE ................................................................... 4-1 4.2.1 Meteorological Factors and Climate ......................................................... 4-1 4.2.2 Ambient Air Quality ................................................................................... 4-8 4.3 LAND ENVIRONMENT .................................................................................. 4-13 4.3.1 Geography and Topography .................................................................. 4-13 4.3.2 Geology and Mineralogy ........................................................................ 4-16 4.3.3 Soil Characteristics ................................................................................. 4-18 4.3.4 Land-Use ................................................................................................ 4-24 4.3.5 Landslide/landslip Problems ................................................................... 4-30 4.3.6 Agriculture .............................................................................................. 4-30 4.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT .............................................................................. 4-31 4.4.1 Hydrogeology ......................................................................................... 4-31 4.4.2 Surface Water Resource ........................................................................ 4-34 4.4.3 Surface and Ground Water Quality ........................................................ 4-40 4.5 NOISE ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................ 4-53 4.5.1 Ambient Noise Quality ............................................................................ 4-53 4.6 FLORA AND FAUNA – BASELINE ............................................................... 4-60 4.6.1 Forest Area ............................................................................................. 4-60 4.6.2 Protected Areas ...................................................................................... 4-62 4.6.3 Flora ....................................................................................................... 4-70 4.6.4 Fauna ..................................................................................................... 4-81 4.7 SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ........................................................... 4-82 4.7.1 Settlements/villages ............................................................................... 4-84 4.7.2 Socio-Cultural Properties and Land Acquisition ..................................... 4-87 4.7.3 Common Property Resources (CPRs) and Sensitive receptors ............. 4-88 4.7.4 Cultural heritage sites ............................................................................. 4-98 5 STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION....................................................................... 5-1 5.1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................. 5-1 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | ii HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 5.2 PRELIMINARY CONSULTATION ................................................................... 5-1 5.3 CONSULTATION PLANNING ......................................................................... 5-1 5.3.1 Identification of Stakeholders ................................................................... 5-1 5.3.2 Planning for Consultation ......................................................................... 5-2 5.4 CONSULTATION DURING DESIGN STAGE–FIRST ROUND CONSULTATION ......................................................................................................................... 5-2 5.4.1 Structured Consultation – Local Level ...................................................... 5-2 5.4.2 Focussed Group Discussion..................................................................... 5-4 5.4.3 District Level Consultation ........................................................................ 5-4 5.4.4 State Level Consultation .......................................................................... 5-4 5.5 LESSONS LEARNT FROM CONSULTATION AND SUGGESTED FRAMEWORK FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ............................................ 5-4 5.5.1 Issues of Tree Cutting .............................................................................. 5-4 5.5.2 Compensatory Afforestation ..................................................................... 5-5 5.5.3 Monitoring Plan and Training ................................................................... 5-5 5.5.4 Community Properties Resources (CPRs) Enhancement ........................ 5-5 6 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ........................................................................... 6-1 6.1 GENERAL........................................................................................................ 6-1 6.2 REALIGNMENTS ALONG SH44- NADUVAPATTI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM ROAD (KM 22/500 TO KM 38/750 AND KM 41/300 TO KM 56/700)............................................................................................................. 6-1 6.3 REALIGNMENTS ALONG SH89- NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM -OVARI ROAD UPTO ECR JUNCTION (KM 0/000 TO KM 35/200)............................. 6-2 6.4 REALIGNMENTS ALONG RAJAPALAYAM - SANKARANKOIL – TIRUNELVELI (KM 1/800 TO KM 28/000 AND KM 33/800 TO KM 82/800), SECTION OF SH41 ......................................................................................................................... 6-6 7 PROJECT IMPACTS AND ISSUES ...................................................................... 7-1 7.1 PROJECT IMPACTS AND ISSUES ................................................................ 7-1 7.2 PROJECT INTERVENTION ............................................................................ 7-6 7.3 LAND ACQUISITION ....................................................................................... 7-7 7.3.1 Removal of structures .............................................................................. 7-9 7.3.2 Removal of Trees and Vegetation .......................................................... 7-12 7.3.3 Extraction of material for Construction Activity ....................................... 7-12 7.3.4 Construction Machinery .......................................................................... 7-13 7.3.5 Labor for Construction Activity................................................................ 7-13 7.4 AIR ENVIRONMENT- IMPACTS ................................................................... 7-14 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | iii HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 7.4.1 Meteorological factors and climate ......................................................... 7-14 7.4.2 Air quality – emissions ............................................................................ 7-14 7.5 LAND ENVIRONMENT - IMPACTS .............................................................. 7-25 7.5.1 Impact on Topography ........................................................................... 7-25 7.5.2 Impact on Geology ................................................................................. 7-26 7.5.3 Impact on Seismology ............................................................................ 7-27 7.5.4 Impact on Land ....................................................................................... 7-28 7.5.5 Contamination of Soil ............................................................................. 7-29 7.6 WATER ENVIRONMENT –IMPACTS ........................................................... 7-30 7.6.1 Impact on Water Bodies ......................................................................... 7-30 7.6.2 Alteration of Cross Drainage .................................................................. 7-52 7.6.3 Run-off and Drainage ............................................................................. 7-54 7.6.4 Water requirement for project ................................................................. 7-55 7.6.5 Water Quality .......................................................................................... 7-56 7.7 NOISE ENVIRONMENT - IMPACT ............................................................... 7-57 7.7.1 Prediction of Noise Levels ...................................................................... 7-65 7.8 FLORA AND FAUNA - IMPACT .................................................................... 7-74 7.8.1 Forest Area ............................................................................................. 7-74 7.8.2 Wild Life .................................................................................................. 7-74 7.8.3 Tree Cutting ............................................................................................ 7-74 7.8.4 Removal of Vegetation ........................................................................... 7-75 7.8.5 Cattle Grazing ........................................................................................ 7-76 7.9 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT-IMPACTS ......................................... 7-76 7.9.1 Fear of uncertainties regarding future .................................................... 7-76 7.9.2 Inducement of Land Prices ..................................................................... 7-76 7.9.3 Inducement of Squatter Influx ................................................................ 7-76 7.9.4 Loss of utilities and amenities ................................................................ 7-77 7.9.5 Public health and safety ......................................................................... 7-77 7.9.6 Resettlement of People .......................................................................... 7-78 7.9.7 Land Use Changes ................................................................................. 7-78 7.9.8 Disturbance to the Road side Services .................................................. 7-78 7.9.9 Removal of encroachments and squatters ............................................. 7-78 7.9.10 Sensitive Community Structures ............................................................ 7-79 7.9.11 Bus Shelter, Bus Bays, Truck Lay Byes, Resting Place ......................... 7-88 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | iv HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 7.9.12 OTHER COMMUNITY UTILITY PROPERTIES ..................................... 7-88 8 IMPACT MITIGATION AND ENHANCEMENT ...................................................... 8-1 8.1 MITIGATION, AVOIDANCE AND ENHANCEMENT ....................................... 8-1 8.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT – MITIGATION .............................................................. 8-1 8.2.1 Meteorological Factors and Climate - mitigation ...................................... 8-2 8.2.2 Air Quality Emissions – mitigation ............................................................ 8-2 8.2.3 Air Quality Monitoring - mitigation............................................................. 8-3 8.3 LAND ENVIRONMENT- MITIGATION MEASURES ....................................... 8-4 8.3.1 Change in Topography – mitigation ......................................................... 8-5 8.3.2 Change in Geology- mitigation ................................................................. 8-5 8.3.3 Change in Seismology – mitigation .......................................................... 8-5 8.3.4 Change in Land Environment – Mitigation................................................ 8-6 8.3.5 Contamination of soil: Mitigation............................................................... 8-7 8.3.6 Soil Quality Monitoring – mitigation .......................................................... 8-9 8.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT-MITIGATION MEASURES ..................................... 8-9 8.4.1 Loss of Water Bodies-Mitigation ............................................................. 8-10 8.4.2 Surface Water Bodies ............................................................................ 8-10 8.4.3 Ground water resources ......................................................................... 8-14 8.4.4 Alteration of cross drainage .................................................................... 8-22 8.4.5 Runoff and drainage ............................................................................... 8-22 8.4.6 Water Requirement for Project ............................................................... 8-23 8.4.7 Water Quality .......................................................................................... 8-23 8.4.8 Water Quality Monitoring – mitigation..................................................... 8-24 8.5 NOISE ENVIRONMENT-MITIGATION MEASURES ..................................... 8-24 8.5.1 Sensitive Receptors – mitigation ............................................................ 8-25 8.5.2 Noise Pollution – Mitigation .................................................................... 8-25 8.5.3 Noise Pollution Monitoring – mitigation .................................................. 8-26 8.6 FLORA & FAUNA – MITIGATION ................................................................. 8-26 8.6.1 Forest Area – Mitigation ......................................................................... 8-27 8.6.2 Wild Life – Mitigation .............................................................................. 8-27 8.6.3 Trees – Mitigation ................................................................................... 8-27 8.6.4 Vegetation - Mitigation ............................................................................ 8-32 8.6.5 Cattle Grazing - Mitigation ...................................................................... 8-32 8.7 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT - MITIGATION .................................. 8-32 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | v HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 8.7.1 General Impacts – Mitigation .................................................................. 8-32 8.7.2 Specific Impacts – Mitigation .................................................................. 8-37 8.8 BUS SHELTER AND BUS BAYS .................................................................. 8-37 8.9 AVOIDANCE OF DISRUPTION AND SAFETY RISKS DURING THE CONSTRUCTION STAGE ............................................................................. 8-37 8.9.1 Disruption to the community ................................................................... 8-37 8.9.2 Safety of the workers .............................................................................. 8-38 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | vi HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 LIST OF TABLES TABLE 1-1: DETAILS OF PROJECT ROAD LENGTH ...................................................................... 1-1 TABLE 2-1: SUMMARY OF RIGHT OF WAY .................................................................................... 2-7 TABLE 2-2: ADT OBSERVED ON PARUVAKUDI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM -VILATHIKULAM - VEMBAR ROAD SECTION OF SH44 .......................................................................... 2-7 TABLE 2-3: PROJECTED TRAFFIC (AADT) ON PARUVAKUDI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM - VILATHIKULAM - VEMBAR ROAD SECTION OF SH44 ............................................... 2-8 TABLE 2-4: ADT OBSERVED ON NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM -OVARI ROAD, SECTION OF SH 89 ............................................................................................................................. 2-9 TABLE 2-5: PROJECTED TRAFFIC (AADT) ON NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM -OVARI ROAD, SECTION OF SH89 ..................................................................................................... 2-10 TABLE 2-6: ADT OBSERVED ON RAJAPALAYAM-SANKARANKOIL-TIRUNELVELI ROAD, SECTION OF SH-41 .................................................................................................... 2-10 TABLE 2-7: PROJECTED TRAFFIC (AADT) ON RAJAPALAYAM-SANKARANKOIL-TIRUNELVELI ROAD, SECTION OF SH-41 ........................................................................................ 2-11 TABLE 2-8: DISTRIBUTION OF ROAD WIDTH ALONG PROJECT ROADS ................................. 2-12 TABLE 2-9: SECTION WISE AADT AND LOS ................................................................................ 2-12 TABLE 2-10: INHABITATION ALONG PARUVAKUDI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM - VILATHIKULAM - VEMBAR ROAD (KM 22/500 TO KM 38/750 AND KM 41/300 TO KM 56/700), SECTION OF SH44 ....................................................................................... 2-15 TABLE 2-11: INHABITATION ALONG NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM -OVARI ROAD (KM 0/000 TO KM 35/200), SECTION OF SH 89 .......................................................................... 2-15 TABLE 2-12: INHABITATION ALONG RAJAPALAYAM- SANKARANKOIL – TIRUNELVELI (KM 1/800 TO KM 28/000 AND KM 33/800 TO KM 82/800), SECTION OF SH41............... 2-16 TABLE 2-13: PROPOSED IMPROVEMENTS FOR PROJECT ROADS ......................................... 2-16 TABLE 2-14: WIDENING PROPOSAL FOR THE EXISTING HIGHWAY ........................................ 2-17 TABLE 2-15: PROPOSED ROW DETAILS ..................................................................................... 2-18 TABLE 2-15: DETAILS OF TYPICAL CROSS SECTIONS ADOPTED FOR PROPOSED ROADS 2-18 TABLE 2-16: CHAINAGE WISE CROSS SECTIONS ADOPTED FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF PARUVAKUDI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM - VILATHIKULAM - VEMBAR ROAD, SECTION OF SH44 ............................................ 2-19 TABLE 2-17: CHAINAGE WISE CROSS SECTIONS ADOPTED FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM OVARI ROAD UPTO ECR JUNCTION, SECTION OF SH 89 ........................................................................ 2-20 TABLE 2-18: CHAINAGE WISE CROSS SECTIONS ADOPTED FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF RAJAPALAYAM-SANKARANKOIL-TIRUNELVELI SECTION OF SH-41 .................................................................................................... 2-21 TABLE 2-20: DETAILS OF URBAN/ RURAL SECTIONS ALONG PARUVAKUDI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM -VILATHIKULAM - VEMBAR ROAD, SECTION OF SH44................ 2-31 TABLE 2-20: DETAILS OF URBAN/RURAL SECTIONS ALONG NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM OVARI ROAD UPTO ECR JUNCTION, SECTION OF SH 89 ...................................... 2-31 TABLE 2-22: DETAILS OF URBAN/RURAL SECTIONS ALONG RAJAPALAYAM - SANKARANKOIL – TIRUNELVELI, SECTION OF SH41.......................................................................... 2-32 TABLE 2-23: IMPROVEMENT PROPOSAL FOR CROSS DRAINAGE STRUCTURES ALONG PARUVAKUDI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM -VILATHIKULAM - VEMBAR ROAD (KM 22/500 TO KM 38/750 AND KM 41/300 TO KM 56/700), SECTION OF SH44 ..... 2-35 TABLE 2-24: IMPROVEMENT PROPOSAL FOR CROSS DRAINAGE STRUCTURES ALONG NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM OVARI ROAD UPTO ECR JUNCTION (KM 0/000 TO KM 35/200), SECTION OF SH 89 ................................................................................ 2-35 TABLE 2-25: IMPROVEMENT PROPOSAL FOR CROSS DRAINAGE STRUCTURES ALONG RAJAPALAYAM - SANKARANKOIL – TIRUNELVELI (KM 1/800 TO KM 28/000 AND KM 33/800 TO KM 82/800), SECTION OF SH41 ............................................................... 2-35 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | vii HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 TABLE 2-26: DETAILS OF EXISTING BRIDGES AND PROPOSAL ALONG PARUVAKUDI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM -VILATHIKULAM - VEMBAR ROAD (KM 22/500 TO KM 38/750 AND KM 41/300 TO KM 56/700), SECTION OF SH44 ..................................... 2-36 TABLE 2-27: DETAILS OF EXISTING BRIDGES AND PROPOSAL ALONG NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM OVARI ROAD UPTO ECR JUNCTION (KM 0/000 TO KM 35/200), SECTION OF SH 89 .................................................................................................... 2-36 TABLE 2-28: DETAILS OF EXISTING BRIDGES AND PROPOSAL ALONG RAJAPALAYAM - SANKARANKOIL – TIRUNELVELI (KM 1/800 TO KM 28/000 AND KM 33/800 TO KM 82/800), SECTION OF SH41 ....................................................................................... 2-37 TABLE 2-29: REALIGNMENT SECTIONS ALONG PROJECT ROADS ......................................... 2-41 TABLE 2-30: STRETCHES REQUIRING EMBANKMENT RAISING ALONG THE PROJECT ROADS ..................................................................................................................................... 2-42 TABLE 2-31: ADOPTED DESIGN SPEED ...................................................................................... 2-43 TABLE 2-32: JUNCTION PROPOSALS ALONG PARUVAKUDI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM - VILATHIKULAM - VEMBAR ROAD, SECTION OF SH44 ............................................ 2-44 TABLE 2-33: JUNCTION PROPOSALS ALONG NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM OVARI ROAD UPTO ECR JUNCTION, SECTION OF SH 89 ............................................................. 2-45 TABLE 2-34: JUNCTION PROPOSALS ALONG RAJAPALAYAM-SANKARANKOIL-TIRUNELVELI SECTION OF SH-41 .................................................................................................... 2-46 TABLE 2-35: BUS BAY LOCATION FOR PARUVAKUDI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM - VILATHIKULAM - VEMBAR ROAD, SECTION OF SH44 ............................................ 2-49 TABLE 2-36: BUS BAY LOCATION FOR NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM OVARI ROAD UPTO ECR JUNCTION, SECTION OF SH 89 ........................................................................ 2-50 TABLE 2-37: BUS BAY LOCATION FOR RAJAPALAYAM-SANKARANKOIL-TIRUNELVELI ROAD SECTION OF SH-41 .................................................................................................... 2-50 TABLE 2-38 : FOOTPATH LOCATIONS ALONG PROJECT ROADS ............................................ 2-53 TABLE 2-39: LIST OF DESIGN STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS ......................................... 2-54 TABLE 3-1 : ENVIRONMENTAL LEGAL FRAMEWORK AS PER GOI ............................................. 3-1 TABLE 3-2 : ENVIRONMENTAL LEGAL FRAMEWORK OF TAMIL NADU STATE ....................... 3-12 TABLE 3-3: APPLICABILITY OF WB SAFEGUARD POLICIES ...................................................... 3-18 TABLE 3-4: CLEARANCES AND PERMISSIONS REQUIRED FOR THE PROJECT ..................... 3-23 TABLE 4-1: RAINFALL FOR TIRUNELVELI DISTRICT (MM) ........................................................... 4-2 TABLE 4-2: RAINFALL FOR TOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT (MM) .......................................................... 4-2 TABLE 4-3 : RAINFALL FOR VIRUDHNAGAR DISTRICT (MM) ..................................................... 4-2 TABLE 4-4 : TEMPERATURE OF TIRUNELVELI DISTRICT (DEGREE CELSIUS), YEAR 2011-12 4-5 TABLE 4-5 : TEMPERATURE OF TOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT (DEGREE CELSIUS), YEAR 2011-124-5 TABLE 4-6 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING LOCATIONS ................................................... 4-9 TABLE 4-7 AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS ................................... 4-10 TABLE 4-8 DESCRIPTION OF SOIL SAMPLING LOCATIONS ...................................................... 4-21 TABLE 4-9 ANALYTICAL RESULTS OF SOIL SAMPLING OF THE STUDY AREA ....................... 4-22 TABLE 4-10 : LAND USE PATTERN OF PROJECT DISTRICTS ................................................... 4-24 TABLE 4-11 : DETAILS OF WATER BODIES ALONG PARUVAKUDI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM -VILATHIKULAM - VEMBAR ROAD, SECTION OF SH44................ 4-35 TABLE 4-12 : DETAILS OF WATER BODIES ALONG NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM OVARI ROAD UPTO ECR JUNCTION, SECTION OF SH 89 .................................................. 4-36 TABLE 4-13 : DETAILS OF DRAINAGE ALONG RAJAPALAYAM-SANKARANKOIL-TIRUNELVELI SECTION OF SH-41 .................................................................................................... 4-36 TABLE 4-14 : DETAILS OF WATER BODIES ALONG PARUVAKUDI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM -VILATHIKULAM - VEMBAR ROAD, SECTION OF SH44................ 4-38 TABLE 4-15 : DETAILS OF WATER BODIES ALONG NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM OVARI ROAD UPTO ECR JUNCTION, SECTION OF SH 89 .................................................. 4-38 TABLE 4-16 : DETAILS OF WATER BODIES ALONG RAJAPALAYAM-SANKARANKOIL- TIRUNELVELI SECTION OF SH-41 ............................................................................ 4-39 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | viii HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 TABLE 4-17 DETAILS OF SURFACE AND GROUND WATER SAMPLING LOCATIONS ............. 4-41 TABLE 4-18 WATER QUALITY ALONG PARUVAKUDI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM - VILATHIKULAM - VEMBAR ROAD, SECTION OF SH44 ............................................ 4-42 TABLE 4-19 WATER QUALITY ALONG NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM OVARI ROAD UPTO ECR JUNCTION SECTION OF SH 89 ................................................................................. 4-45 TABLE 4-20 WATER QUALITY ALONG RAJAPALAYAM-SANKARANKOIL-TIRUNELVELI ROAD SECTION OF SH-41 .................................................................................................... 4-47 TABLE 4-21 RECORDED NOISE LEVELS AT VARIOUS LOCATIONS ALONG PROJECT ROADS. 4- 54 TABLE 4-22 : FOREST COVER IN THE PROJECT DISTRICTS .................................................... 4-60 TABLE 4-23: PROTECTED AREA ALONG PROJECT ROADS ...................................................... 4-63 TABLE 4-24: SUMMARY OF TREE ENUMERATION WITHIN CORRIDOR OF IMPACT (>30CM) OF PARUVAKUDI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM -VILATHIKULAM - VEMBAR ROAD, SECTION OF SH44 ..................................................................................................... 4-70 TABLE 4-25: SUMMARY OF TREE ENUMERATION WITHIN CORRIDOR OF IMPACT (>30CM) OF NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM OVARI ROAD UPTO ECR JUNCTION, SECTION OF SH 89 ........................................................................................................................... 4-73 TABLE 4-26: SUMMARY OF TREE ENUMERATION WITHIN CORRIDOR OF IMPACT (>30CM) OF RAJAPALAYAM-SANKARANKOIL-TIRUNELVELI SECTION OF SH-41..................... 4-76 TABLE 4-27 : SOCIO ECONOMIC INDICATORS OF PROJECT DISTRICTS ................................ 4-83 TABLE 4-28: REVENUE VILLAGES ALONG PROJECT ROADS .................................................. 4-84 TABLE 4-29: TYPE OF IMPACTED STRUCTURES ALONG THE PROJECT ROADS .................. 4-87 TABLE 4-30 : COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES AND SENSITIVE RECEPTORS ALONG THE PROJECT ROADS ....................................................................................................... 4-88 TABLE 5-1: PLANNING AND PRESENT STATUS OF CONSULTATION ......................................... 5-2 TABLE 6-1: COMPARATIVE STATEMENT FOR VARIOUS TISAIYANVILLAI REALIGNMENT OPTION-SH89 ............................................................................................................... 6-5 TABLE 6-2: REALIGNMENT SECTIONS ALONG RAJAPALAYAM-SANKARANKOIL-TIRUNELVELI SECTION OF SH-41 ...................................................................................................... 6-6 TABLE 7-1: GENERAL IMPACTS ON NATURAL ENVIRONMENT .................................................. 7-2 TABLE 7-2: GENERAL IMPACTS ON SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT ......................... 7-4 TABLE 7-3: POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND REQUIREMENT OF MAN, MATERIALS & MACHINERY 7-6 TABLE 7-4: LAND ACQUISITION DETAILS ALONG PROJECT ROADS ......................................... 7-7 TABLE 7-5: ESTIMATED QUANTITY FROM DEMOLITION OF STRUCTURES AND PAVEMENT 7-9 TABLE 7-6: REMOVAL OF ROADSIDE STRUCTURES ALONG PARUVAKUDI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM -VILATHIKULAM - VEMBAR ROAD (KM 22/500 TO KM 38/750 AND KM 41/300 TO KM 56/700), SECTION OF SH44 ......................................................... 7-10 TABLE 7-7: REMOVAL OF ROADSIDE STRUCTURES ALONG NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM OVARI ROAD UPTO ECR JUNCTION (KM 0/000 TO KM 35/200), SECTION OF SH 897- 10 TABLE 7-8: REMOVAL OF ROADSIDE STRUCTURES ALONG RAJAPALAYAM-SANKARANKOIL- TIRUNELVELI SECTION OF SH-41 ............................................................................ 7-11 TABLE 7-9: CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL REQUIREMENT FOR THE PROJECT ROADS........... 7-12 TABLE 7-10: CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY ................................................................................ 7-13 TABLE 7-11: LABOR FOR CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY ................................................................ 7-14 TABLE 7-12: HOMOGENEOUS SECTIONS ALONG PARUVAKUDI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM -VILATHIKULAM - VEMBAR ROAD (KM 22/500 TO KM 38/750 AND KM 41/300 TO KM 56/700), SECTION OF SH44 ....................................................................................... 7-17 TABLE 7-13: HOMOGENEOUS SECTIONS ALONG NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM OVARI ROAD UPTO ECR JUNCTION (KM 0/000 TO KM 35/200), SECTION OF SH 89 ....... 7-17 TABLE 7-14: HOMOGENEOUS SECTIONS ALONG RAJAPALAYAM - SANKARANKOIL – TIRUNELVELI (KM 1/800 TO KM 28/000 AND KM 33/800 TO KM 82/800), SECTION OF SH41 ............................................................................................................................ 7-17 TABLE 7-15: INPUT PARAMETERS FOR CO MODELLING FOR PROJECT ROADS .................. 7-19 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | ix HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 TABLE 7-16: PREDICTED CO CONCENTRATION AT RECEPTORS .......................................... 7-23 TABLE 7-17: LIST OF EMBANKMENT RAISING SECTIONS......................................................... 7-26 TABLE 7-18: IMPACTS ON WATER RESOURCES DUE TO CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES ....... 7-30 TABLE 7-19: IMPACT ON SURFACE WATER BODIES – PARUVAKUDI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM -VILATHIKULAM - VEMBAR ROAD, SECTION OF SH44................ 7-31 TABLE 7-20 : IMPACT ON SURFACE WATER BODIES – NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM OVARI ROAD UPTO ECR JUNCTION, SECTION OF SH 89 .................................................. 7-33 TABLE 7-21: IMPACT ON SURFACE WATER BODIES ALONG RAJAPALAYAM-SANKARANKOIL- TIRUNELVELI SECTION OF SH41 ............................................................................. 7-35 TABLE 7-22 : IMPACTS ON GROUND WATER BODIES- PARUVAKUDI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM -VILATHIKULAM - VEMBAR ROAD, SECTION OF SH44................ 7-40 TABLE 7-23 : IMPACTS ON GROUND WATER BODIES- NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM OVARI ROAD UPTO ECR JUNCTION, SECTION OF SH 89 .................................................. 7-44 TABLE 7-24 IMPACTS ON GROUND WATER BODIES ALONG RAJAPALAYAM-SANKARANKOIL- TIRUNELVELI SECTION OF SH41 ............................................................................. 7-51 TABLE 7-25 : BRIDGES RECONSTRUCTION ALONG PROJECT ROADS ................................... 7-53 TABLE 7-26: REQUIREMENT OF WATER FOR PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION WORKS ........... 7-55 TABLE 7-27 SOURCE OF NOISE POLLUTION............................................................................. 7-57 TABLE 7-28 :SENSITIVE RECEPTORS WITH RESPECT TO NOISE POLLUTION ALONG PARUVAKUDI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM -VILATHIKULAM - VEMBAR ROAD (KM 22/500 TO KM 38/750 AND KM 41/300 TO KM 56/700), SECTION OF SH44 ..... 7-57 TABLE 7-29 SENSITIVE RECEPTORS WITH RESPECT TO NOISE POLLUTION ALONG NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM OVARI ROAD UPTO ECR JUNCTION (KM 0/000 TO KM 35/200), SECTION OF SH 89 ................................................................................ 7-61 TABLE 7-30: SENSITIVE RECEPTORS WITH RESPECT TO NOISE POLLUTION ALONG RAJAPALAYAM - SANKARANKOIL – TIRUNELVELI (KM 1/800 TO KM 28/000 AND KM 33/800 TO KM 82/800), SECTION OF SH41 ............................................................... 7-64 TABLE 7-31 : PREDICTED NOISE LEVELS AT PROJECT ROADS .............................................. 7-68 TABLE 7-32 IMPACTS ON FLORA & FAUNA DUE TO CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES ................ 7-74 TABLE 7-33 : LIST OF SENSITIVE COMMUNITY STRUCTURES ALONG PARUVAKUDI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM -VILATHIKULAM - VEMBAR ROAD (KM 22/500 TO KM 38/750 AND KM 41/300 TO KM 56/700), SECTION OF SH44 ..................................... 7-79 TABLE 7-34 : LIST OF SENSITIVE COMMUNITY STRUCTURES ALONG NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM OVARI ROAD UPTO ECR JUNCTION (KM 0/000 TO KM 35/200), SECTION OF SH 89 .................................................................................................... 7-82 TABLE 7-35: LIST OF IMPACTED SENSITIVE COMMUNITY STRUCTURES ALONG RAJAPALAYAM-SANKARANKOIL-TIRUNELVELI SECTION OF SH41 ...................... 7-87 TABLE 7-36 : LIST OF OTHER COMMUNITY UTILITY PROPERTIES ALONG PROJECT ROADS. 7- 88 TABLE 8-1: ENVIRONMENTAL FEATURES SAVED THROUGH AVOIDANCE MEASURE AT DESIGN STAGE ALONG PROJECT ROADS ................................................................ 8-1 TABLE 8-2: SURFACE WATER BODIES-MITIGATION .................................................................. 8-11 TABLE 8-3: GROUND WATER SOURCES ALONG PARUVAKUDI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM -VILATHIKULAM - VEMBAR ROAD (KM 22/500 TO KM 38/750 AND KM 41/300 TO KM 56/700), SECTION OF SH44-MITIGATION/ENHANCEMENT ..................................... 8-14 TABLE 8-4: GROUND WATER SOURCES ALONG SH89- NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM OVARI ROAD UPTO ECR JUNCTION (KM 0/000 TO KM 35/200) - MITIGATION/ENHANCEMENT .................................................................................... 8-17 TABLE 8-5: GROUND WATER SOURCES ALONG RAJAPALAYAM - SANKARANKOIL – TIRUNELVELI (KM 1/800 TO KM 28/000 AND KM 33/800 TO KM 82/800), SECTION OF SH41- MITIGATION & ENHANCEMENT ..................................................................... 8-20 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | x HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 1-1: KEY MAP SHOWING THE PROJECT ROADS CONSIDERED AS PHASE-I ROADS UNDER TNRSP-II ....................................................................................................... 1-4 FIGURE 2-1: KEY MAP SHOWING PROJECT ROAD PARUVAKUDI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM -VILATHIKULAM - VEMBAR ROAD, SECTION OF SH44 .............. 2-2 FIGURE 2-2: KEY MAP SHOWING PROJECT ROAD NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM -OVARI ROAD SECTION OF SH89 ......................................................................................... 2-4 FIGURE 2-3: KEY MAP SHOWING PROJECT ROAD RAJAPALAYAM - SANKARANKOIL – TIRUNELVELI SECTION OF SH41 ............................................................................ 2-6 FIGURE 2-4: LAND USE PATTERN WITHIN PIA (WITHIN10KM BUFFER OF PROJECT ROADS).. 2- 14 FIGURE 2-5: TYPICAL CROSS SECTIONS OF PROJECT ROADS .............................................. 2-30 FIGURE 2-6: LOCATION OF BORROW AREA FOR GRAVEL AND STONE QUARRY ON PARUVAKUDI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM -VILATHIKULAM - VEMBAR ROAD, SECTION OF SH44 .................................................................................................. 2-38 FIGURE 2-7: LOCATION OF BORROWAREA FOR GRAVEL AND STONE QUARRY ON NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM OVARI ROAD UPTO ECR JUNCTION, SECTION OF SH 89 .................................................................................................................. 2-39 FIGURE 2-8: QUARRY AND BORROW LEAD CHART FOR RAJAPALAYAM-SANKARANKOIL- TIRUNELVELI SECTION OF SH-41 ......................................................................... 2-40 FIGURE 4-1 : RAINFALL DISTRIBUTION IN THE STATE OF TAMIL NADU ................................... 4-3 FIGURE 4-2 : CLIMATIC CONDITIONS IN PROJECT DISTRICTS .................................................. 4-4 FIGURE 4-3: TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION MAP OF TAMIL NADU STATE .............................. 4-6 FIGURE 4-4: HUMIDITY MAP OF TAMIL NADU STATE (PROJECT REGION MARKED) ............... 4-7 FIGURE 4-5: WIND SPEED IN MAJOR PROJECT DISTRICTS ....................................................... 4-7 FIGURE 4-6: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS ALONG PARUVAKUDI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM -VILATHIKULAM - VEMBAR ROAD SECTION OF SH44 ......................................................................................................................... 4-11 FIGURE 4-7: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS ALONG NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM OVARI ROAD UPTO ECR JUNCTION SECTION OF SH 89 .... 4-12 FIGURE 4-8: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS ALONG RAJAPALAYAM- SANKARANKOIL-TIRUNELVELI ROAD SECTION OF SH-41 ................................. 4-13 FIGURE 4-9: TOPOGRAPHIC FEATURE OF TAMIL NADU STATE .............................................. 4-14 FIGURE 4-10: RELIEF AND SLOPE MAP OF PROJECT DISTRICTS ........................................... 4-15 FIGURE 4-11: GEOLOGY OF STATE OF TAMIL NADU ................................................................ 4-16 FIGURE 4-12: ROCKS AND MINERALS MAP OF PROJECT DISTRICTS..................................... 4-17 FIGURE 4-13 : SOIL TYPES IN PROJECT DISTRICTS ................................................................. 4-19 FIGURE 4-14 : SOIL TYPE BASED ON WATER RETENTION CHARACTERISTICS .................... 4-20 FIGURE 4-15 : GENERAL LAND USE PATTERN IN PROJECT DISTRICTS................................. 4-27 FIGURE 4-16 : MAJOR CROPS IN THE PROJECT REGION ........................................................ 4-31 FIGURE 4-17: HYDROGEOLOGICAL PROFILE OF PROJECT DISTRICTS SHOWING PROJECT ROAD ....................................................................................................................... 4-33 FIGURE 4-18: NOISE LEVELS MONITORED ALONG PARUVAKUDI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM -VILATHIKULAM - VEMBAR ROAD, SECTION OF SH44 ............ 4-57 FIGURE 4-19: NOISE LEVELS MONITORED ALONG NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM OVARI ROAD UPTO ECR JUNCTION, SECTION OF SH 89 ............................................... 4-58 FIGURE 4-20: NOISE LEVELS MONITORED ALONG RAJAPALAYAM-SANKARANKOIL- TIRUNELVELI ROAD SECTION OF SH-41 .............................................................. 4-59 FIGURE 4-21: FOREST COVER MAP OF TAMIL NADU SHOWING PROJECT ROADS .............. 4-61 FIGURE 4-22: MAP SHOWING KOONTHAKULAM BIRD SANCTUARY WITH PROJECT ROAD MARKED (NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM OVARI ROAD UPTO ECR JUNCTION, SECTION OF SH 89) ................................................................................................ 4-65 FIGURE 4-23: MAP SHOWING SRIVILLIPUTTUR GRIZZLED SQUIRREL SANCTUARY ............ 4-69 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | xi HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 FIGURE 7-1: LINK GEOMETRY AND RECEPTORS INPUT FOR CO DISPERSION STUDY – PARUVAKUDI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM -VILATHIKULAM - VEMBAR ROAD, SECTION OF SH44 .................................................................................................. 7-20 FIGURE 7-2: LINK GEOMETRY AND RECEPTORS INPUT FOR CO DISPERSION STUDY – NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM OVARI ROAD UPTO ECR JUNCTION, SECTION OF SH 89 .................................................................................................................. 7-21 FIGURE 7-3: LINK GEOMETRY AND RECEPTORS INPUT FOR CO DISPERSION STUDY – RAJAPALAYAM-SANKARANKOIL-TIRUNELVELI SECTION OF SH41, SECTION 1 .. 7- 22 FIGURE 7-4: LINK GEOMETRY AND RECEPTORS INPUT FOR CO DISPERSION STUDY – RAJAPALAYAM-SANKARANKOIL-TIRUNELVELI SECTION OF SH41, SECTION 2 .. 7- 23 FIGURE 7-5 SEISMIC ZONE MAP OF INDIA ................................................................................. 7-27 FIGURE 7-6 SEISMIC ZONE MAP OF TAMIL NADU (GSHAP) WITH MARKED PROJECT ROADS 7- 27 FIGURE 7-7: PREDICTED NOISE LEVELS VARIATION WITH DISTANCE (FROM CENTRELINE) – NADUVAPATTI TO ETTAYAPURAM ROAD- SH44 ................................................. 7-71 FIGURE 7-8: PREDICTED NOISE LEVELS VARIATION WITH DISTANCE (FROM CENTRELINE)- NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM OVARI ROAD UPTO ECR JUNCTION, SECTION OF SH 89 .................................................................................................................. 7-72 FIGURE 7-9: PREDICTED NOISE LEVELS VARIATION WITH DISTANCE (FROM CENTRELINE) – RAJAPALAYAM-SANKARANKOIL-TIRUNELVELI ROAD (SH41)............................ 7-73 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | xii HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix Description No. 1.1 TOPOSHEETS SHOWING 500M BUFFER AREA AROUND PROJECT ROADS 2.1 EROW DETAILS OF PROJECT ROADS 2.2 LAND USE MAP OF PROJECT ROADS WITHIN 10KM RADIUS OF PROJECT ROADS 4.1 ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE MONOITORING REPORT 4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS FOR AIR, WATER AND NOISE 4.3 ECO SENSITIVITY MAPS OF PROJECT ROADS 4.4A DETAILS OF KOONTHAKULAM BIRD SANCTUARY 4.4 B DETAILS OF SRIVILLIPUTTUR GRIZZLED GIANT SQUIRREL WILDLIFE SANCTUARY 5.1 DETAILS OF PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS HELD ALONG PROJECT ROADS 7.1 SPECIES WISE AND GIRTH WISE IMPACTED TREES 8.1 GUIDELINES FOR MONITORING PROGRAM 8.2 GUIDELINES FOR AGGREGATE QUARRY MANAGEMENT 8.3 GUIDELINE FOR BORROW AREAS MANAGEMENT 8.4 GUIDELINE FOR DEBRIS DISPOSAL SITES AND MANAGEMENT 8.5 GUIDELINES FOR SITE CLEARANCE AND TREE FELLING 8.6 GUIDELINE FOR SITING & LAYOUT OF CONSTRUCTION CAMP 8.7 SOIL EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION CONTROL 8.8 DRAWINGS OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENHANCEMENT MEASURES CHAINAGE AND SPECIES WISE DETAILS OF TREES (<30CM GIRTH SIZE) FOR 8.9 TRANSPLANTATION 8.10 GUIDELINES FOR TRANSPLANTATION OF TREES 8.11 ARRANGEMENT FOR COMPENSATORY PLANTATION 8.12 GUIDELINES FOR SELECTION OF TREE SPECIES 8.13 GUIDELINE FOR AVENUE PLANTATION 8.14 GUIDELINE FOR ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY 8.15 WORKERS SAFETY DURING CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES STORAGE, HANDLING, USE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE FOR HAZARDOUS 8.16 CHEMICALS LIST OF DRAWINGS Drawing Description No. 8.1 CONCEPTUAL PLAN OF OIL INTERCEPTOR 8.2 A CONCEPTUAL PLAN OF SOAK PIT FOR HAND PUMP 8.2 B CONCEPTUAL PLAN OF SOAK PIT FOR OPEN WELL 8.3 CONCEPTUAL PLAN OF SILT FENCING 8.4 CONCEPTUAL PLAN FOR AVENUE PLANTATION 8.5 CONCEPTUAL PLAN FOR TRAFFIC DIVERSION DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | xiii HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviation Full Form AADT Annual Average Daily Traffic ADT Average Daily Traffic AAQ Ambient Air Quality AMSL Above Mean Sea Level BDL Below Detection Limit BIS Bureau of Indian Standards BOD Biological Oxygen Demand BOQ Bill of Quantities BP Bank Procedure CD Cross Drainage CO Carbon Monoxide COD Chemical Oxygen Demand COI Corridor of Impact CRZ Coastal Regulation Zone CPCB Central Pollution Control Board CPR Common Property Resource CL Centre Line CSC Construction Supervision Consultant CW Carriageway CTE Consent to Establish CTO Consent to Operate dB Decibel DG Diesel Generator DPR Detailed Project Report EA Environmental Assessment EC Environmental Clearance EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EIRR Economic Internal Rate of Return EMP Environmental Management Plan EMAP Environmental Management Action Plan EMU Environment Management Unit EO Environment Officer EPC Engineering Procurement Construction EROW Existing Right of Way ES Environmental Specialist ESZ Eco Sensitive Zone GoI Government of India GoTN Government of Tamil Nadu GW Ground Water HD Highway Department HFL High Flood Level DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | xiv HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Abbreviation Full Form HP Hand Pump IMD Indian Meteorological Department IRC Indian Road Congress IS Indian Standard IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature, LHS Left Hand Side LED Light-Emitting Diode LPG Liquid Petroleum Gas Leq Equivalent Sound Pressure Level LOS Level of Service MoRTH Ministry of Road Transport & Highways MoEF & CC Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change NABL National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories NBWL National Board for Wildlife NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards NGO Non-Governmental Organization NH National Highway NOC No Objection Certificate NOx Oxides of Nitrogen NQ Noise Quality OHT Over Head Tank OP Operational Procedure PIA Project Influence Area PIU Project Implementation Unit PAPs Project Affected Persons PC Public Consultation PCU Passenger Car Unit PF Protected Forest PROW Proposed Right of Way PWD Public Works Department PM Particulate Matter PUC Pollution under Control Certificate RAP Resettlement Action Plan RF Reserved Forest ROB Railway Over Bridge RUB Railway Under Bridge RHS Right Hand Side ROW Right of Way SH State Highway SQ Soil Quality SCZMA State Coastal Zone Management Authority SOX Sulphur oxide SPCB State Pollution Control Board DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | xv HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Abbreviation Full Form TDS Total Dissolved Solids TNRSP Tamil Nadu Road Sector Project TNPCB Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board TWT Tap Water Tank TWAD Tamil Nadu Water Supply and Drainage Board USEPA United State Environment Protection Agency VEC Valued Environment Components WB World Bank WBG World Bank Group WPA Wildlife Protection Act WQ Water Quality DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | xvi EXECUTIVE SUMMARY HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A.1 BACKGROUND The Highway Department, Government of Tamil Nadu (GoTN) under Tamil Nadu Road Sector Project (TNRSP) has undertaken the State Highways (SHs) improvement work with World Bank assistance loan. About 1800km of SH has already been improved under Phase I (TNRSP I). GoTN has now mooted to second phase of road improvement works, namely TNRSP II, considering 9 roads, having length of 425.65 km. Out of which, 3 roads (Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44, Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 and Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 having total length of 142.05 km have been considered as Phase-I roads under TNRSP-II. A.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE ASSIGNMENT The main objective would be to alleviate the current congested conditions of the identified road network connecting the villages and towns by providing better quality and safe roads to the users in a sustainable and environment friendly manner. Environmental Assessment (EA) has been conceived as an integral part of developing the project roads as Green Highways, so that the project can facilitate economic stimulation and improvement to community and cultural assets by integrating environmental enhancement measures along the project corridors through community partnering. A.3 SCOPE OF ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (EA) The environmental assessment scope includes screening and scoping, environmental assessment and preparation of environmental management plans for the individual project roads as required. The EA process also envisages developing a comprehensive environmental management framework for the entire project, which will be adopted as part of the corporate environmental policy for TNRSP. A.4 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT ROADS Three road corridors have been considered in this report: (1) Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road, section of SH44: The project road starts from Naduvapatti at Km 22/500 and ends at Ettayapuram at Km 56/700, junction with NH-45B, covering a design length of 31.650 km. The road is passing through 16 villages, covering three districts namely Tirunelveli, Toothukudi and Virudhnagar. About 12.32 km stretch (39%) of the road traverses through built-up area. Existing Features: The existing road stretch has 54 minor and 2 major junctions. There is no truck lay bye, underpass, flyover and ROB/RUB. There is no major bridge, 5 nos. of minor bridges, 1 causeway and 48 nos. of culverts. There are 7 nos. of bus bays/bus shelters along the road. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 There is no Protected Area (National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary, Bird Sanctuary, Bio-reserve, Eco sensitive Zone), archaeological site within 10km distance from either side of road. Also, there is no reserved/ protected forest within RoW of project road. Proposed Features: The road improvement is proposed from existing 2 lane to 2-lane with paved shoulder with ROW varying from 16m to 23m, including 4-lane for a small urban stretch at Thittangulam from km 41/300 to km 45/355 of SH44 (4.065 km) with ROW 28 m. Also, Kovilpatti (km38/850 to km 41/300) is not in scope. No truck laybye, underpass, flyover and ROB/RUB are proposed. It is proposed to reconstruct existing 5 minor bridges and conversion of causeway to minor bridge, reconstruction of 3 nos. of pipe culverts to box culverts, 13 nos. of slab/cut stone culverts to box culverts and widening/ retaining of 21 nos. of pipe culverts and 10 nos. of slab culverts. It is also proposed to construct 2 additional box culverts. A total of 19 nos. of bus bays are proposed to be built. Footpath of 1.5m width is proposed in urban sections. There is no proposal of bypass, however, four major horizontal curve improvements are proposed. (2) Nanguneri – Bharatavaram – Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, section of SH89: The project road starts from Nanguneri, NH-7 junction at Km 0/000 and ends at Ovari at Km 35/200, covering a design length of 35.200 km. The road is passing through 13 villages, covering only Tirunelveli district. About 11.02 km stretch (31%) of the road traverses through built-up area. Existing Features: The existing road stretch has 42 minor and 5 major junctions. There is no truck lay bye, underpass, flyover and ROB/RUB. There is no major bridge and minor bridges, 4 causeways and 30 nos. of culverts. There are 37 nos. of bus stops along the road. There is no reserve/protected forest within RoW of project road. Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary is located at about 7.5km distance from road (Stretch from km0/000 to Km15/500 falls within 10km buffer of sanctuary). There is no archaeological site within 500m of project road. Proposed Features: The road improvement is proposed from 2 lane to 2-lane with paved shoulder, with ROW varying from 16m to 23m (Except the stretch from km0/000 to km15/500 falling within 10 km buffer zone of Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary, where it will be 2-lane without paved shoulder). No truck laybye, underpass, flyover and ROB/RUB are proposed. It is proposed to convert existing 4 nos. of causeways to minor bridge, reconstruction of 6 nos. of pipe culverts to box culverts, 6 nos. of slab/cut stone culverts to box culverts, retaining/widening of 11 nos. of pipe culverts and 6 nos. of slab culverts. It is also proposed to construct 9 additional box culverts and 4 additional pipe culverts. About 18 nos. of bus bays are proposed to be built. Footpath of 1.5m width is proposed in urban sections. There is no proposal of bypass. One major realignment is proposed at Tisaiyanvillai (km26/800 to km 29/672). Apart from that, three major horizontal curve improvements are also proposed. (3) Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil - Tirunelveli Road, section of SH41: The project road starts from intersection of NH 208, at Km 00/000 and ends at intersection of Tirunelveli- Tenkasi Road, SH39 at Km 85/730. The start and end points of project roads is thickly built up, thus the start and end chainages has been revised as km 1/800 and km 82/800 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 respectively. The total length of the project road is now 75.2km. The Project road passes through 46 villages, covering two districts namely Tirunelveli, and Virudhnagar.About 53% of the road traverses through dry land and 30% through built-up area. Existing Features: About 70% of project road length has earthen shoulder with width varying between 0.5m to 1.0m. There are 85 minor and 3 major junctions along the road. There is no truck lay bye, underpass, flyover and ROB/RUB. There are 29 nos. of minor bridges and 116 nos. of culverts. There are 71 nos. of bus bays/bus shelter along the road. There is no reserved / protected forest within RoW of project road. Srivilliputtur Giant Grizzled Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary is located at about 6 km from Rajapalaym, start point of SH-41 (Stretch from km0/000 to Km 6/000 falls within 10km buffer of sanctuary). There is no archaeological site within 500m of project road. Proposed Features: The road improvement is proposed from 2 lane to 2-lane with paved shoulder, with ROW varying from 16m to 23m (except the stretch from km0/000 to km6/000, falling within 10 km buffer zone of Srivilliputtur Giant Grizzled Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary, where it will be 2-lane without paved shoulder). No truck laybye, underpass, flyover and ROB/RUB are proposed. It is proposed to reconstruct, widen and retaining of existing 9 nos., 6 nos. and 14 nos. of minor bridges respectively. There is proposal for reconstruction of 11 nos. of pipe culverts to box culverts and 6 nos. of slab/cut stone culverts to box culverts, retaining/widening of 57 nos. of pipe culverts, 32 nos. of slabculverts and construction of 5 addintional box culverts. A total of 68 nos. of bus bays will be constructed. It is proposed to provide footpath of 1.5m width in urban sections. There is no proposal of bypass (except already proposed Sankarankoil Bypass by TNRSP). However, seven major horizontal curve improvements are proposed. A.5 PROJECT BENEFITS Widening and up-gradation of the project roads will lead to better road connectivity, significant economic benefits to the State. Installation of proper road safety system on project roads will further enhance the road safety on these project roads. The project will help in changing socio-economic conditions of the people living in the region by generating employment. The indirect benefits include savings in vehicle operating costs, less fuel consumption and decreased cost of passenger travel. Also environmental enhancement measures such as the pond beautification, landscaping, solar lighting, tree plantation, and cultural property rehabilitation will also benefit the communities. A.6 ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATORY FRAMEWORK Existing acts, legislations relevant to the environmental issues in this project has been followed at the National and State levels, viz. Govt. of India, Govt. of Tamilnadu and World Bank Operational Policies. Other guidelines, which have been followed, are MoRTH specifications for Road and Bridge works and guidelines of Indian Roads Congress (IRC). DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Key applicable environmental regulations for the project are as follows: Reason for Act/Rules Year Objective Authority Sl. No applicability 1. Environmental 1986 To protect and As all MoEF & CC, (Protection) Act improve overall environmental Gol; DoE, environment notifications, rules State Govt. and schedules are CPCB; issued under this TNPCB act. 2. Water 1974 To control water This act will be TNPCB (Prevention and pollution by applicable during Control of controlling emission construction for Pollution) Act and & water pollutants (establishment and Cess Act of 1977 as per the Operation of hot as amended in prescribed mix plant, stone 1988 standards crusher plants, construction camp, workers' camp, etc. 3. Air (Prevention 1981 To control air This act will be TNPCB and Control of pollution by applicable during Pollution) Act as controlling emission construction; for amended in 1987 and air pollutants obtaining Consent according to to Establish & prescribed Consent to Operate standards for hot mix plant, stone crusher plants, workers' camp, construction camp, etc. 4. Noise Pollution 2000 Noise pollution This act will be TNPCB (Regulation and regulation and applicable as Control) rules controls vehicular noise on 2000 project roads required to assess for future years and necessary protection measure need to be considered in design. 5. Hazardous 2008 Storage, handling, Storage and TNPCB Wastes transportation and handling of (Management, disposal of hazardous waste Handling and hazardous waste during construction Trans boundary Movement) Rules DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Reason for Act/Rules Year Objective Authority Sl. No applicability 6. Municipal Solid 2000 Management and For disposal of TNPCB Wastes handling of solid solid waste (Management & waste generated during Handling) Rules construction 7. The Mining Act 1952 The mining act has The construction of Department of been notified for project road will mining, GoTN safe and sound require aggregates. mining activity. These will be procured through mining from quarries 8. The Right to Fair 2013 Sets out rules for This act will be Revenue Compensation & fair compensation applicable as there Department Transparency in and acquisition of will be acquisition State Land Acquisition, land of land for Government. Rehabilitation & widening, Resettlement Act geometric improvements and realignments. Environmental Legal Framework of Tamil Nadu State Sl. No Applicable GOI Acts Objective Year 1 Tamil Nadu State Environment 2012 Sustainable development of the State Policy (Draft) 2 Tamil Nadu State Water Policy 1994 To protect and conserve water resources 3 Tamil Nadu Water (Prevention 1983 To control water pollution by controlling and Control of Pollution) Rules emission and water pollutants according to prescribed standards 4 Tamil Nadu Air (Prevention and 1983 To control air pollution by controlling emission & Control of Pollution) Rules air pollutants as per the prescribed standards 5 Tamil Nadu Groundwater 2000 To protect groundwater resources, to provide (Development and safeguards against hazards of its over Management) Bill exploitation and to ensure its planned development and management in the State of TN and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto 6 Tamil Nadu Forest Act 1882 Protection of wildlife (wild animals, defined plants and birds) and to control poaching, smuggling and illegal trade in wildlife and its derivatives. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 5 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Applicability of WB Safeguard Policies WB Subject Reason for Safeguard Mitigation Measures Documentation Category Applicability Policy OP 4.01 Environment Umbrella Policy All necessary mitigation EA and EMP Assessment measures incorporated. required. OP 4.02 Environmental Environmental mitigation Covered under Action Plan plan formulated for each EMP identified negative impact. OP 4.04 Natural Eco-sensitive No widening is proposed in Covered under Habitats Forestry and wildlife road stretches falling within EA/ EMP related issues along 10km buffer zone from Nanguneri - sanctuary. Only 2 lane Bharatavaram without paved shoulder is Ovari Road upto proposed in these stretches. ECR Junction, (km 0/000 to km 15/500 on section of SH891 SH89 and km0/000 to km and Rajapalayam - 6/000 on SH41) Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli Road, Section of SH412. OP 4.11 Cultural A no. of religious Adequate mitigation Covered under Property structures is located measures provided for RAP & EMP and within ROW. affected structures. to minimise any A cultural property adverse effect on rehabilitation plan the cultural to be developed. properties. OP/BP Involuntary Road widening will Adequate mitigation Resettlement 4.12 Resettlement lead to loss of measures provided in RAP Action Plan livelihoods, loss of land and buildings etc. The project road sections (Two lane up-gradation with paved shoulders of Paruvakudi- Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH 44, Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 and Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41) are State Highways, and not attracting the conditions of MoEF & CC EIA Notification 2006 and amendments thereafter. The project roads have been categorised as „Category A‟ as per World Bank Guidelines as the project roads have adverse environmental impacts for which comprehensive Environmental Assessment has been carried out. 1 Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary is located at about 7.5km from Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89. 2 Srivilliputtur Giant Grizzled Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary is located at about 6 km from start point of Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil- Tirunelveli section of SH-41 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 6 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 A.7 BASE LINE ENVIRONMENT Baseline data on environmental attributes has been collected from primary and secondary sources. The baseline environmental conditions will help in comparing and monitoring of the predicted negative and positive impacts resulting from the project during construction and operation phases. Accordingly, mitigation measures / management plan can be suggested for the project. The baseline monitoring of air, water, noise and soil was undertaken by NABL accredited agency, M/S Green Chem Solutions Pvt. Ltd. during 26.02.2014 to 26.03.2014 along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 and Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89. The baseline monitoring along Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH- 41 was carried out during 24.06.2014 and 20.07.2014. Air environment: Climate: The climate of the project influence area (PIA) is tropical, with distinct wet and dry seasons. The climate may be classified into four distinct seasons: winter (January – February), summer (March – May), southwest monsoons (June – September) and northeast monsoon (October – December). Rainfall: Tamil Nadu state is the only part of the country that receives rainfall during winter months. The annual average rainfall for the last five years (2008-2012) is 949mm in Tirunelveli district, 759mm in Toothukudi district and 756mm in Virudhnagar district. Temperature: Project region fall in hyper thermic to strong mega thermic zone as per temperature distribution map of Tamil Nadu State. The weather is quite hot in May & June where maximum temperature reaches as high as 45 degree Celsius. The period from November to January is the coolest period of the year with the mean daily maximum temperature of about 30 to 31 degree Celsius. Relative Humidity: The PIA has arid and semi-arid climate. The relative humidity in Tirunelveli, Toothukudi and Virudhnagar districts varies between 79% - 84%, 60% - 75% and 65% - 85% respectively. Winds: In PIA, when north-east monsoon sets in during October-December the winds blow from north and northwest direction towards east. In January/ February, winds blow steadily from northeast direction. During the period between June to September, the winds reverse their direction and blow mostly from southwest direction. The wind speed is highest in the month of June and lowest in the month of March. Ambient Air Quality: Ambient air quality monitoring has been undertaken at four locations each along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road section of SH-44 and Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction section of SH-89 during the months of February-March 2014 and at nine locations along Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli Road section of SH41during the months of June-July 2014 as per National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for particulate & gaseous pollutants, laid down by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in 2009. The monitoring frequency was taken as twice a week for 4 weeks. The parameters which were monitored are PM10, PM2.5, DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 SOX, NOX & CO. The ambient air quality was found to be well within the permissible limits of CPCB along all 3 project roads. Along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road section of SH44, the concentration of PM10 varied between 35.8 µg/m3 and 44.2 µg/m3 and PM2.5 varied between 14.6 µg/m3 and 20.1 µg/m3. SOx concentration varied between 5.8 µg/m3 and 7.5 µg/m3 while NOx value varied between 14.4 µg/m3 and 17.3 µg/m3. CO levels were found between 0.80 mg/m3 and 0.95 mg/m3. Along Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction section of SH-89, the concentration of PM10 varied between 34.5 µg/m3 and 40.4 μg/m3 and PM2.5 varied between 15.8 µg/m3 and 19.6 μg/m3. SOx concentration varied between 6.1 µg/m3 and 7.8 μg/m3 while NOx value varied between 15.3 µg/m3 and 17.1 μg/m3. CO levels were found between 0.80 mg/m3 and 0.95 mg/m3. Along Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli Road section of SH41, the concentration of PM10 varied between 36.3 µg/m3 and 48.5 μg/m3 and PM2.5 varied between 16.5 µg/m3 and 22.6 μg/m3. SOx concentration varied between 5.8 µg/m3 and 8.8 μg/m3 while NOx value varied between 16.2 - 18.5 μg/m3. The concentration of CO varied between 0.8 mg/m3 - 1.0 mg/m3. The concentration of all the parameters along all the three project roads is below the prescribed CPCB standards. Land Environment: Geography and Topography: The road stretch of Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram - Vilathikulam - Vembar of SH-44 fall in Tirunelveli, Toothukudi and Virudhnagar Districts (only a small stretch of 600m length fall in Virudhnagar district). While the entire road stretches of Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari of SH-89 falls entirely in Tirunelveli district. The major project road length of Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli Road section of SH41fall in Tirunelveli district. Geomorphologically from west to east, three major units are recognised in Tamil Nadu viz. the Western Ghats, the Central Region and the Coastal Plains. The general elevation of Tirunelveli district varies from less than 10m to 1408m above MSL (Tulukkaparai hill range). The project region has plain topography having an altitude in the range of 1-150m above MSL. The prominent geomorphic units of the district are Structural Hill, Bazada Zone, Valley Fill, Flood Plain, Pediment and Coastal Plain. The prominent geomorphic units identified in the Toothukudi district are 1) Fluvial, 2) Marine, 3) Fluvio-marine, 4) Aeolian and 5) Erosional landforms depending on the environment of formation. Geology and Mineralogy: Geologically, the entire state can be broadly classified into hard rock or crystalline formation and sedimentary formations. Crystalline rocks of Archean metamorphic complex comprising of granite, charnockites, gneisses, schists etc. underlie nearly 73% of the state. Geological formation in the project region comprises mainly of granite gneiss rocks with some patches of alluvium and dharwar rocks. No minerals were found along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road section of SH-44, while limestone is found along Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Junction section of SH-89. Limestone is found in project districts of Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli Road section of SH41. Seismicity: According to seismic zoning map of India, the state of Tamil Nadu fall in Zone II and Zone III, least active to moderate zone of seismic hazard. All the three project roads fall in Zone II, i.e. least active zone. Soil: The soil types along the project roads include inceptisols, alfisols, vertisols and red gravel. Based on water retention characteristics, project region found to have soils that have high water retention characteristic except in the end stretch of Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction section of SH-89 where water retention is low. Soil samples were collected from 2 locations along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road section of SH-44, 3 locations along Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction section of SH-89 and 5 locations along Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli Road section of SH41. The soil texture is sandy along SH44 and SH89, while along SH41, it is sandy and clayey. Along all the three road sections, the soil is alkaline in nature, has good electrical conductivity and has good amount of primary nutrients i.e., Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K) content. The soil in the project area is fertile with high agricultural productivity Land use: Agriculture is the major land use pattern in Tirunelveli as well as Toothukudi districts. The major land use along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road section of SH-44 is Agricultural land (87%) while along Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction section of SH-89, the major land use is open land (39%) followed by agricultural land (33%). The major land use along Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli Road section of SH41 is dry land (53%) followed by built up (30%) and wet land (17%) Landslide/ Landslip: There is no issue of landslide/ landslip in the project area as the project roads fall in plain terrain. Agriculture: Millets-rice is the major crops grown in the project area. Cash crops such as cotton, groundnut, pulses and vegetables are also grown in the project region. The important food crops are Paddy, Bajra, Ragi, Maize and other minor millets. Water Environment: Hydrology: Tirunelveli, Toothukudi and Virudhnagar districts are underlain by porous and fissured formations. The important aquifer systems in the Tirunelveli district are constituted by weathered & fractured hard rock formations of Archaean age; and Porous sedimentary formations ranging in age from Tertiary and Recent. The important aquifer systems in the Toothukudi and Virudhnagar districts are constituted by unconsolidated & semi-consolidated formations and weathered and fractured crystalline rocks. Ground water is over exploited throughout the stretch of Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road section of SH-44 except along a small stretch in sattur block of Virudhnagar district. Around 60% of Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction section of SH-89 fall in Nanguneri block which is under safe category of DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 9 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 ground water resources while there is over exploitation of ground water resources along the remaining stretch of road in Radhapuram block. Along Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli Road section of SH41, ground water is over exploited throughout the stretch except along a small stretch in Manur block of Tirunelveli district. The depth to ground water level in project region during pre-monsoon varies from 2m to 10 m and during post-monsoon varies from 0 m to 10m Surface Water Resource: Thamarabarani, Nambiar, Chittar and Karamaniar are the important rivers flowing in Tirunelveli district. While the river originating from the Western Ghats and from uplands control the drainage network of the Toothukudi district. The major part of Virudhunagar district fall in Vaippar - Gundar river basin. Vaippar, Arjuna, Gundar and Deviar are the important rivers. There is no major river/stream crossing road sections of SH44 and SH89. However, there are many river/stream crossing the project road section of Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli, SH41. Chozhapuram and Sitaru rivers are the major ones crossing the project road. There are few nalas and drains along/crossing the roads, presently, most of them are in dry condition. Ponds are the major water bodies observed along the roads (11 nos. along SH-44 and 14 nos. along SH-89). Check dams/ponds are the major water bodies observed along road section of SH41. Water samples were collected from 4 locations along road section of SH-44 and from 6 locations along road section of SH-89 during February-March 2014. Water samples were collected from 4 surface water locations and 6 ground water locations along road section of SH41 during June-July 2014. Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road section of SH-44: All monitored parameters meets the standards IS 2296 Class C (Drinking water source after conventional treatment and after disinfections), except the BOD. All monitored parameters of ground water samples are well within the limits stipulated by IS 10500 desirable limits for drinking purposes. However, levels of TDS, Total Hardness, Calcium, Chloride, Sulphate & Boron are high in ground water sample collected at Ettayapuram, the same is not fit for drinking. Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction section of SH-89: Surface water collected from two locations, meet the standards IS 2296 Class C surface water. All parameters of ground water samples are well within the limits stipulated by IS 10500 for drinking purposes. Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli Road section of SH41: All monitored parameters for surface water locations meets the standards of IS 2296 Class C (Drinking water source after conventional treatment and after disinfections), except the DO and BOD at one location. All monitored parameters of ground water samples are well within the limits stipulated by IS 10500 desirable limits for drinking purposes at three locations. However, levels of TDS, Ca, Cl and Sulphate are high in ground water sample collected at other three locations making the ground water unfit for drinking. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 10 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Noise Environment: Hourly noise levels were recorded at 6 locations identified along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road section of SH-44, 8 locations identified along Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction section of SH-89 and at 18 identified locations along Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli Road section of SH41 using sound level meter. The hourly noise values were used to calculate daytime (6.00 am – 10.00 pm) and night time (10.00 pm – 6.00 am) equivalent noise levels. The monitored noise levels were ranging from 59.8 dB(A) to 35.4 dB(A) along Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli Road section of SH41. Noise levels at all the locations along all the three roads have been found well below the permissible limits of CPCB. Along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road section of SH-44, the monitored noise levels were ranging from 61.4 dB(A) to 37.4 dB(A), whereas on Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction section of SH-89, the noise levels were ranging from 58.7 dB(A) to 36.4 dB(A). Forest: The recorded forest area in Tamil Nadu is 22,877 km2 which constitutes 17.59% of the geographical area of the state. Reserved Forests comprise 84.75%, Protected Forests 9.54% and Unclassified Forests constitute 5.71%. There is no reserved or protected forest within ROW of the project roads. Kurumalai RF exists on RHS along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road section of SH-44 at an aerial distance of about 9.5km. Along Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction section of SH-89, Sathankulam RF and Kalakadu RF exist at an aerial distance of 6.5km (on LHS) and 12.5km (on RHS) respectively. However, 12 nos. of reserved forests exist within the 10 km radius of Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli Road section of SH41. Protected Area: There is no protected area (National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary, reserved forest, biosphere reserve and wetland) within the ROW of project roads considered under Phase-I, TNRSP. In Tirunelveli district, Koonthakulam Kadankulam bird sanctuary exists at a distance of about 7.5 Km from km 13/000 of Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction section of SH-89. The nearest distance of proposed Eco Sensitive Zone around Koonthakulam Bird Sanctaury is 5.25 km. Also, Srivilliputtur Grizzled Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary is located between 09023‟38‟‟ to 09049‟51‟‟ N latitude and between 77021‟51‟‟ to 77047‟20‟‟ E longitude in Virudhnagar district (256.20sq.km) and Madurai district (220.42sq.km). The nearest distance of sanctuary from Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli Road section of SH41 (start point) is about 6km. However, MoEF & CC has not yet notified the proposed Eco Sensitive Zone around both the sanctuaries. Till the ESZ is notified by MoEF & CC, a default area of 10 km distance shall be considered as ESZ around both the sanctuaries. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 11 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Flora: The roadside trees are continuous throughout the corridor except some stretches where open land/agricultural land are observed. There is no green tunnel along the project roads. A total of 1190 trees>30cm girth size are present within CoI of Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road section of SH-44. The dominant tree species along SH-44 is Tamarind, Odai and Neem. A total of of 773 trees girth size > 30 cm are present within CoI of Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction section of SH-89. The dominant tree species along SH-89 are Neem and Coconut. A total of 3923 trees of girth size > 30 cm are present within CoI of Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli Road section of SH41. The dominant tree species along SH-41 is Neem, Tamarind and Palm. Fauna: The major terrestrial fauna observed and recorded during the site visit including livestock along the project corridor are monkey, snake, grey headed bulbul, buffalo, sheep, goat, pig etc. Apart from above, faunal diversity in PIA includes fauna found in Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary and Srivilliputtur Grizzled Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary. Coastal Ecology: The project roads do not attract Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification. Socio-economic Environment: Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road section of SH-44 fall in three districts of Tamil Nadu state, Tirunelveli (Taluk- Sankarankoil), Toothukudi (Taluk- Kovilpatti and Ettayapuram) and Virudhnagar (Taluk- Sattur) and passes through 16 villages. The road section of Nanguneri - Bharatavaram – Ovari, SH-89 passes entirely through Tirunelveli (Taluk- Nanguneri and Radhapuram) district and passes through 13 villages. Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli Road section of SH41 fall in two districts of Tamil Nadu state, Tirunelveli (Sankarankoil and Tirunelveli Taluks) and Virudhnagar (Rajapalayam Taluk) and passes through 46 villages The area of Tirunelveli district is 6,693sq.km. As per census 2011, Tirunelveli has population of 3,077,233 of which male and female are 1,520,912 and 1,556,321 respectively. Average literacy rate is 82.50%. The area of Thoothukkudi district is 4,745sq.km. As per census 2011, Thoothukkudi has population of 1,750,176 of which male and female are 865,021 and 885,155 respectively. Average literacy rate is 86.16%. The area of Virudhnagar district is 4,241sq.km. As per census 2011, Virudhnagar has population of 19, 42,288 of which male and female are 9, 67,709 and 9, 74,579 respectively. Average literacy rate is 80.15% Socio-Cultural Properties and Land Acquisition: The proposed development of project roads will have some impact on residential, commercial as well as on other community‟s properties. About 183 structures along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road section of SH-44, about 127 structures along Nanguneri - Bharatavaram – DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 12 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Ovari Road section of SH-89 and about 392 structures along Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli Road section of SH41 will be impacted. The proposed project also requires land for road widening, junction improvement, geometric improvement etc. About 2.020 hectare of land is required on SH-44, 7.256 hectare of land is required on SH-89 and 4.692 hectare land is required on SH41. Common Property Resources (CPRs) and Sensitive receptors: There are important community structures along the project road, which has cultural and sociological importance. CPRs Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti Nanguneri - Rajapalayam - - Ettayapuram - Bharatavaram Ovari Sankarankoil – Vilathikulam - Vembar Road upto ECR Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to Road (km 22/500 to Junction (km 0/000 to km 28/000 and km km 38/750 and km km 35/200), Section of 33/800 to km 82/800), 41/300 to km 56/700), SH 89 Section of SH41 Section of SH44 Hand pumps 9 nos. 7nos. 8 nos. Open Wells 14 nos. 10 nos. 3 nos Tube wells and 9 nos. 30 nos.  Water Tank (TWT) and Tap Water Tank Over Head Tanks (TWT) and Over (OHT): 9 nos. Head Tanks  Water taps: 23 nos. (OHT):  Bore well : 2 nos. Religious 18 nos. 30 nos. 50 nos. Structures (Sensitive Receptors): Educational 23 nos. 15 nos. 9 nos. Institutes (Sensitive Receptors): Hospital/Health 3 nos. - 1 no. Centres (Sensitive Receptors): Graveyards - 7 nos. 3 nos. Cultural heritage sites: Tamil Nadu has a rich cultural heritage. Based on the consultations and review of secondary literature, it is observed that there are no archaeological and historical sites of importance in proximity to the project sites. A.8 STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION Environmental and social experts conducted informal public consultations with local community during site visit along the project roads. Main objective of the public consultation was to aware the community regarding the proposed development and to obtain their views and suggestions on the likely impacts due to the project and their mitigations. To further DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 13 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 strengthen this, formal Public Consultations were conducted for every 15-20km stretch. Two (2) consultations were conducted for each road, along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 on 13.05.2014 and Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 on 15.05.2014. Three (3) consultations were conducted along Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 on 24.06.2014. All technical, social and environmental issues pertaining to the stretch were briefed and discussed. Potential PAPs, District level Govt. officials, MLAs/ MPs/ Panchayat Members, TNRSP Officials, Village representatives, PRIs, Village level health workers, Patwaris, Local voluntary organizations like CBOs and NGOs attended the consultations. Major issues related to provision of bye pass for Tisaiyanvillai town, bye pass for Idayankudi village; road extension up to the ECR junction; road connectivity with temple/ tourist places; provision of cross drainage structures, road side facilities and road safety; impacts on water source, CPRs, utilities and local tree species; compensation and enhancement measures were discussed. Probable solutions were also shared with the stakeholders. Focused Group discussions were also conducted at impacted community structures along project roads. A.9 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES There are few sharp and blind curves along project roads for which horizontal curve improvements have been proposed to improve the geometry so that the homogeneous speed can be maintained. All the realignments have been designed taking into account technical, social, environmental and safety issues. Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44: On this road, following major horizontal curve improvements are proposed: a) Km 24/430 to Km 24/605 The stretch is passing through Mukkuttumalai village. Straight realignment is proposed to improve the curve radius. One well is being impacted due to this realignment. There is no major environmental impact. b) Km 26/200 to km 26/350  The stretch from km 26/200 to km 26/350 is passing through sippiparai village. The existing alignment has a continuous sharp curve with the poor sight distance. So, to improve the geometry of the road, realignment is proposed.  There is no major environmental and social impact in this realignment. c) Km 30/100 to km 30/200  The stretch is passing through Elayarasanenedal village. To improve the curve radius, realignment is proposed for a length of 100m.  There is no major environmental and social impact in this realignment. d) Km 35/220 to km 35/600  The stretch from km 35/220 to km 35/600 is passing through Ayyaneri village. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 14 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 The existing alignment has a continuous sharp reverse curve with the poor sight distance.  Also, a major causeway exists across the project road with pipe vents which are in poor condition. So to improve the geometry of the road, realignment with a curve radius of 240m is proposed and a minor bridge is proposed.  There is no major environmental and social impact in this realignment. Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89: On this road, following horizontal curve improvements are proposed as below:  Major Realignment has been proposed from km 26/200 to km 26/700 as the existing road has a continuous sharp reverse curve with the poor sight distance  Major Realignment has been proposed between km 26/800 to km 29/672 (Tisaiyanvillai village) to avoid very congested stretch along SH89, for which three alternative options has been studied and best suitable option has been selected based on technical aspect, environmental & social impact and economic feasibility.  Minor Realignment has been proposed from km 0/550 to km 0/800 at village Nanguneri  Minor Realignment has been proposed from km 24/100 to km 24/600 at village Mamnapuram Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli Road, Section of SH41: Bypass proposed at Sankarankoil from Km 28/000 to Km 33/800 is not under Consultant‟s scope as it is proposed by C&M Highways Department. Seven major horizontal curve improvements are proposed (1) Km 16/850 to Km 17/250 (2) Km 25/050 to Km 25/400 (3) km 34/450 to km 34/600 (4) km 41/380 to km 41/780 (5) km 50/620 to km 50/880 (6) km 50/980 to km 51/300 (7) km 70/950 to km 71/150. A.10 POTENTIAL IMPACT AND MITIGATION The improvement proposal envisages 2-lane roads with paved/ earthen shoulder as a result a direct impact zone up to towline is in the range of 16-23 meters of corridors and magnitude of indirect impact varies depending upon location of environmental receptors and type of impact. Environmental Anticipated Impacts Management Measures Attributes Project Pre-construction Phase Land  Loss of productive Land  Land acquisition to be minimized with  Generation of debris due to provision of Retaining walls demolition of structures  Disposed properly to avoid contamination  Erosion and loss of top soil  Silt Fencing need to be provided.  Quarry and borrow area  Quarries need to be reclaimed Water  Loss of drinking water sources  Relocation of ground/surface water sources (8 nos. along SH-44, 18 nos.  provision of Retaining walls in the periphery of along SH-89 and 41 nos. along the pond SH41)  Siltation due to loose earth DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 15 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Environmental Anticipated Impacts Management Measures Attributes Air Quality  Dust generation during dis-  Water sprinkling & dust sweeping mantling  Fine materials to be completely covered,  Emission from construction during transport & stocking equipment & vehicular  Air pollution Norms will be enforced movement Noise  Increase in ambient noise level  Machinery to be checked & complied with due to movement of machinery noise pollution regulations Flora & Fauna  Loss of trees (>30cm  Compensatory plantation will be taken up in girthsize): the ration of 1:10 for trees >30 cm girth size 1190 trees along SH-44,  Avenue plantation will be done as additional 773 trees along SH-89 and plantation 3923 trees along SH41 falling  Plantation in realignment sections within PROW  Removal of vegetation  Disturbance Habitat loss Socio-  Land acquisition:  Compensation will be paid to the PAPs economic 2.020 ha in SH-44,  Market Value Assessment Committee will 7.256 ha in SH-89 (except decide the actual cost of land Tisaiyanvillai Bypass) and  Relocation of utilities will be completed prior to 4.692 ha in SH41 start of project work  Loss of Structures –  Compensatory plantation and avenue Along SH-44: 183 structures plantation will be done Along SH-89: 127 structures  Public participation sessions were/will be Along SH41: 392 structures conducted in different stages of project.  loss of utilities  loss of livelihood  Loss of standing crops  Loss of shade & community trees  Loss of fuel wood and fodder Project Construction Phase Air Quality  Dust generation from  Water sprinkling & dust sweeping construction zone during  CPCB emission limits for DG set up to 800 clearing and grubbing, KW will be followed by the contractor materials dumping, drying of  Fine materials to be completely covered, materials, brushing of the during transport & stocking surface, including quarrying  Crusher & Hot Mix Plants to be installed in and Vehicle operation & downwind direction from nearby settlement maintenance  Air pollution Norms will be enforced  Operation of construction  Labourers will be provided mask plants such as Crushers, hot  Local people will be educated on safety and mix, WMM and Concrete precaution on access roads, newly Batching Plants constructed embankment etc.  Asphalt odour during Laying of pavement DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 16 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Environmental Anticipated Impacts Management Measures Attributes  Fuel combustion in various equipment  Odour / smoke from labour camp Water  Altération of drainage  Widening of minor bridges and bridging of  Break in continuity of ditches existing causeways, will lead to improvement Siltation, Stagnant water pools in the drainage in quarries  Provision of silt fencing and recharge well  Contamination by asphalt  Unlined drain in rural area and lined drain in leakage or fuel & lubricants urban areas  Contamination from wastes  Oil Interceptor will be provided for accidental overuse spill of oil and diesel  Provision of septic tank Noise Increase in noise levels due to  Noise level at processing sites, will be strictly the following: enforced as per standards of CPCB  movement and operation of  Construction will be done during day time only various construction (6 am – 10 pm) equipment  Workers in vicinity of strong noise will be  construction activities provided with personal protective equipment for limited exposure to noise levels  2-3 ROWs of trees are recommended around sensitive receptors, which will act as vegetative barrier.  NO Horn Zone sign Boards. Land / Soil  Erosion and loss of top soil  Proper treatment of quarry site, rehabilitation Environment due to extraction of material and vegetation from quarry site  Land used for temporary purpose will be  Road slopes and spoils redeveloped after use  Contamination of land / soil by  Embankment protection - For Embankment fuel, lubricants and waste height >3m Stone pitching and  Compaction of soil for Embankment height <3m Turfing  Generation of solid waste from  Provision of oil interceptor labour camps  Proper collection and disposal of solid waste/ construction spoils at identified disposal sites Flora & Fauna  Cutting of trees to meet fuel  Adequate supply of kerosene/ LPG in labour requirements by labour camp to avoid dependency on firewood  Poaching  Contractual agreements will include penalties for poaching Wildlife  Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary  Proposal includes two lane without paved is located at a distance of 7.5 shoulder in these stretches of project roads km from project road section of  Appropriate signboards (depicting sanctuary SH-89 (km 13.000) name and distance) shall be displayed at two (km 0/000 to km 15/500 falling locations (at km 0.000 and at km 15.500 on within 10km radius of eco project road section of SH89). sensitivity zone of sanctuary)  Appropriate signboards (depicting sanctuary DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 17 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Environmental Anticipated Impacts Management Measures Attributes  Srivilliputtur Giant Grizzled name and distance) shall be displayed at two Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary is locations (at km 0.000 and at km 6.000 on located at a distance of 6 km project road section of SH41). from project road section of  Speed limit of vehicles should be kept within SH41 (from Rajapalayam, Start 40 km/hr. point of project road) (km0/000  Strict vigil during construction stage to be to km 6/000 is falling within maintained that sand, stones pebbles and 10km radius of eco sensitive other material to be used in widening of the zone of the sanctuary) road should be brought from outside of the sanctuary area Public Health  Increased water-borne  Health check-ups and provision of medical - water related diseases as a result of lack of facilities diseases sewage treatment & disposal  Maintenance of good drainage throughout the facilities in labour camps and roads/ construction areas to avoid creation of improper maintenance of stagnant water bodies drainage  Insecticide sprays  Asphalt odour and dust  Provision of septic tanks  Collisions with vehicles, pedes-  Provision of safety measures trians & livestock  Increase in communicable dis- eases  Increase in dust and ambient noise level and discomfort Socio-  Dust on agricultural land  Water sprinkling & dust sweeping economic reduce in productivity  Fine materials to be completely covered, during transport & stocking Positive impacts:  Increase in employment potential  Development of infrastructures Project Operation Phase Land / Water  Spill Contamination by fuel,  Oil Interceptor will be provided for accidental lubricants and washing of ve- spill of oil and diesel hicles Air / Noise  Air pollutants from traffic  Compliance with future statuary regulatory  Dust emission from tyres requirements w.r.t Air/ Noise  Predicted CO concentration  Auto-technology, vehicular fuel quality- improvement within CPCB limits for future  Avenue plantation will act as noise barrier years -2020, 2030 and 2040  Noise from increased traffic  Predicted noise levels aboce CPCB limits for future years - 2020, 2030 and 2040 Flora Impact of pollution on vegetation  Provision of 1/2/3 ROW plantation will act as  Lowered productivity dust absorbent and will lower the impact on vegetation DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 18 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Environmental Anticipated Impacts Management Measures Attributes Fauna Increased chances of collision  Provision of Traffic safety measures with traffic  Strict compliance of the traffic rules Socio- Positive impacts: economic  Improved road with supporting infrastructure  Employment opportunities  Local area development A.11 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN Environmental monitoring plan has been planned for SH44 and SH89 project road sections considering 2.5 years construction phase and initial 2 years operation phase. For SH41 project road stretch, construction and operaion period has been considered as 3 years and 2 years respectively. It includes location, parameters to be monitored with frequency and institutional requirements for environmental monitoring (Air Quality, Ambient Noise, Water Quality and Soil Quality). The tentative budget of environmental monitoring for Paruvakudi- Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road, Section of SH44, Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 and Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli, Section of SH 41 is approximately INR 62.0 Lakhs (during construction phase and operation phase). A.12 ENHANCEMENT MEASURES Enhancement measures related to technical, environmental, social and safety issues have been incorporated in the design:  Technical Enhancement: The bridges and culverts proposed throughout the alignment are an automatic enhancement to minimize flooding, stagnation, scour, torrent run-off velocity  Environmental enhancement: Pond beautification, landscaping, solar lighting, tree plantation, etc. at selected locations: Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road, Section of SH44 o Pond at km 24/650 - Increase of pond wall height and provision of stone wall to replace earthen wall o Pond at km 54/500 - Tree plantation (local species), solar street light, benches, increase of pond wall height, repairing of existing footpath around the pond and provision of shed for nearby small temple o Available open land in front of Late Maha Kavi Bharthiyar‟s (Freedom fighter ) House between chainage 55/600 and 55/700 along SH-44 - Tree plantation (local species), benches and solar light DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 19 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH89 o Pond at Chainage 15/000 along SH-89 - Retaining wall has been proposed Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli, Section of SH41 o Pond at Km 4/980 (LHS)- Provision of 52m long, 2.5 m high and 0.5m width stone wall along pond on road side o Pond at Km 11/250 (LHS): Provision of 90m long, 3.0 m high and 0.5m width stone wall around pond on road side, Tree plantation on earthen wall and road side of pond, Benches for sitting, o Turfing on earthen embankment on 1260sq.m area around pond and Solar Street Light along pond on road side o Pond at Km 24/380(LHS)- Provision of 55m long, 3.0 m high and 0.5m width stone wall along pond on road side o Pond at 42/200 (RHS) - Provision of 24.5m long, 2.0 m high and 0.5m width stone wall along pond on road side, Provision of 52m long metal beam crash barrier for safety in drainage area of pond along road side  Social Enhancement: Cultural property/ Religious Properties rehabilitation, Community properties, Private properties, CPRs, Utilities, etc. on impacted structures  Safety Enhancement: Curve improvement, Road marking, Traffic signal, Signage, etc. throughout the alignment A.13 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN Environmental management plan has been prepared for mitigation/ management/avoidance of the potential adverse impacts and enhancement of various environmental components along the project roads. For each mitigation measure to be carried out with its location, time frame, implementation and overseeing/ supervising responsibilities have been identified. It also includes organisational framework to implement the EMP effectively. The EMP will be part of the contract document. The total estimated project cost for Naduvapatti - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram Road (Km 22/400 to Km 56/100), SH44 is about INR 182.7 Crore (Cr), for Nanguneri - Bharatavaram -Ovari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 36/030) upto ECR Junction, SH89 is INR 163.9 Cr and for Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli, SH 41 is INR 354.2 Crores. The tentative EMP budget which includes the mitigation and enhancement measures for all three project roads is approximately INR 15.0 Cr. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 20 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND The Highway Department, Government of Tamil Nadu (GoTN) is undertaking road development in the State with World Bank assistance loan. The State Highways of length of about 1800km has already been improved under Tamil Nadu Road Sector Project Phase I (TNRSP I). GoTN has now mooted to second phase of road improvement works, namely TNRSP II. A Strategic Options Study (SOS) on the State Core Road Network (CRN) for selection of candidate roads for improvement was carried out by Tamil Nadu Road Sector Project I, HD in the year 2009-10 and the same was revalidated in 2011-12. State HD has prioritized about 2000km of State Roads for various improvement works under EPC+5 years maintenance/ PPP Contract/ BOQ Contract modes. The road network identified under TNRSP II (Contract PPC05) as per TNRSP letter no. 2360/2013/TNRSP II-5 dated 24.12.2013 is as follows (Ref. Table 1-1). The study will be carried out for the project roads under two phases: 1) Phase-I Roads under TNRSP-II 2) Phase-II Roads under TNRSP-II Table 1-1: Details of Project road length S.No. SH No. Road Stretches Districts Length (km) Phase-I Roads under TNRSP-II Strengthening and widening of Naduvapatti - Tirunelveli, 1 SH44 Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram Road (SH44) Km Virudhnagar 31.650 22/500 to Km 56/700. Thoothukudi Strengthening and widening of SH 89 (Nanguneri to Ovari) start point (NH 7 2 SH89 Tirunelveli 35.200 intersection) Km. 0/000 and End point Km. 35/200. Strengthening and widening of Rajapalayam Virudunagar, 3 SH41 - Sankarankoil - Tirunelveli Road (SH41) Km Tirunelveli 75.200 1/800 to Km 82/800 Sub Total Length 142.05 Phase-II Roads under TNRSP-II Strengthening and widening of Tirunelveli - 4 SH39 Tenkasi Road (SH39) Km 5/000 to Km Tirunelveli 45.600 50/600 Strengthening and widening of Thanjavur, 5 SH66 Kumbakonam - Mannargudy - (SH66) Km 34.400 Thiruvarur 3/600 to Km 38/000 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1-1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 S.No. SH No. Road Stretches Districts Length (km) Strengthening and widening of SH 40 (Tiruchendur to Tenkasi) Start Km. 0/00 to Tirunelveli, 73.500 6 SH40 End Km. 84/000.Tirunelvelli Township is Thoothukudi excluded in between Km. 54/150 to km 63/00. Strengthening and widening of Thanjavur – Mannargudi – Thiruthuraipoondi – Thanjavur, 27.600 7 SH63 Vedaranyam – Kodiyakarai Road (SH63) Thiruvarur Km 0/000 to Km 27/600 (upto Mannargudi Ring Road) Strengthening and widening of Melur – Madurai, 8 SH191 48.800 Thirupathur upto Karaikudi (SH191). Sivaganga Strengthening and widening of Kanyakumari, 9 SH45 Rajakamangalam – Pazhaya Uchakadai 53.700 Tirunelveli road (SH45). Sub Total Length 283.60 Total Road Length 425.65 Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I SMEC India Pvt. Ltd.-SMEC International Pty. Ltd., Australia (JV) has been appointed by Highways Department, GoTN as DPR Consultant vide agreement signed on 18thOctober 2013 to undertake work of second phase, TNRSP II. The improvement works will essentially consist of widening and strengthening from 2 lanes to either 2 lane with paved shoulder or to 4 lanes; pavement strengthening with/without paved shoulders; improved drainage facility, road furniture and accessories. A total of 9 roads having length of 425.65 km have been identified under PPC05, TNRSP-II, out of which 3 roads (Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44, Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 and Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41) having total length of 142.05 km have been considered under Phase-I, TNRSP-II. The screening and scoping exercise has been carried out for these roads. This environmental assessment report provides the details of these three project roads. 1.2 THE PROJECT 1.2.1 Project Description The road corridors selected as Phase-I under TNRSP-II are as follows: 1. Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 2. Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1-2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 3. Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 The present report on Environmental Assessment (EA) deals with the environmental analysis of these three roads selected as Phase-I under TNRSP-II in accordance with the World Bank's guidelines on Environmental Assessment. The index map showing the project roads considered as Phase-I under TNRSP-II is shown in Figure 1-1. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1-3 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Figure 1-1: Key Map Showing the Project Roads Considered as Phase-I Roads under TNRSP-II DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1-4 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 1.2.2 Objectives of the Project Surface transport plays a vital role in the transportation of goods and agricultural products in this state. To achieve the Government‟s development objectives, the existing road infrastructure requires up-gradation, improvement and maintenance. The main objective would be to alleviate the current unsafe and congested conditions of the identified road network connecting the villages and towns by providing better quality and safe roads to the users in a sustainable and environment friendly manner. The improvement works will essentially consist of widening and strengthening of two lane with paved shoulder from existing two lane, from two lane to 4 lane and pavement strengthening with/without paved shoulders and all required drainage facility, road furniture and accessories. In some cases new alignments and /or re-alignments may also be required. The environmental, social, economical, technical, and financial viability of the project for rehabilitation and upgrading of the existing road to 2-lane/4 lane with paved shoulders configuration and/ or its strengthening is to be established. The Environmental Assessment (EA) has been conceived as an integral part of developing the project roads as Green Highways with below core objectives:  Road up-gradation and improvements that are sustainable and ensures road safety  Facilitate economic stimulation and improvement to community and cultural assets by integrating environmental enhancement measures along the project corridors through community partnering  Energy and environmental stewardship through appropriate intervention in design and construction The report in hand is prepared in accordance with the World Bank's operational policies3 guidelines on Environmental Assessment and to meet the statutory requirement of Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEF & CC), GoI. The major objectives of this assessment study are stated below:  To present to decision makers a clear assessment of potential impact associated with the proposed project intervention,  To apply a methodology which assesses and predict potential impacts and provides a) the means for impact prevention and mitigation, b) the enhancement of project benefits, and c) the minimization of long-term impacts;  To provide a specific forum in which consultation is systematically undertaken in a manner that allows stakeholders to have direct input to the environmental management process. 3 Applicable safeguards instruments are prepared based on Bank guidelines like environmental assessment (O.P. 4.01), Natural Habitat(O.P. 4.04), Forests(O.P. 4.06), Involuntary Resettlement(O.P.4.10) and Indigenous Peoples(O.P. 4.12) DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1-5 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41  To assess the analysis of alternatives to bring environmental considerations into the upstream stages of development planning as well as the later stage of site selection, design and implementation, and  To recommend the environmental management measures to reduce adverse impacts. In order to achieve these objectives, detailed surveys and other studies have been carried out along the project roads to identify Valued Ecosystem Components (VEC) and corridor specific significant environmental issues (SEI). For investigation/ monitoring purpose the study area has been defined as under.  Corridor of Impact, CoI: PROW of 16m and 23m in urban and rural areas respectively for two laning along SH44, SH89 and SH41 and 28m in urban area for four laning along SH44  Project Influence Area, PIA: is the 10km area on either side along the existing road alignment.  Project District, PD: is/ are the district/ districts through which project road is passing. 1.2.3 Scope of Environmental Assessment (EA) The environmental assessment scope includes screening and scoping, environmental assessment and preparation of environmental management plans for the individual project roads as required. The EA process also envisages developing a comprehensive environmental management frame work for the entire project which will be adopted as part of the corporate environmental policy for TNRSP. 1.2.3.1 Environmental Screening and Scoping Environmental screening exercise of the project roads were undertaken to facilitate inputs on environmental considerations, apart from social, economic, and traffic & transport considerations. Further, screening exercise also provided scoping inputs in determining the major environmental issues and defined the scope of work for conducting environmental assessment. As per the recommendation of the environmental screening report, detailed environmental assessment has been carried out for the project roads. The scoping exercise defines geographical boundaries for the project roads for impact assessment as well as defining the project influence area to assess the impacts due to project activities. 1.2.3.2 Environmental Assessment The EA for project roads considered under phase-I roads of TNRSP-II includes establishing environmental baseline in the study area, identify the range of environmental impacts, specify the measures to avoid, minimize, and mitigate negative impacts and maximize positive impacts and integrate possible environmental enhancement measures. The proposed measures have been formulated in the form of an environmental management plan with necessary budget and institutional roles for effective implementation. The EMPs for individual projects and integration of the same into project implementation agreements, including construction contract documents. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1-6 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 1.2.3.3 Environmental Management Framework An Environmental Management Framework will be designed for the implementation of the project. The environmental management frame work shall consists of overall framework which will be developed as a guidance document providing environmental planning and design criteria for the current as well as future project roads, generic environmental management measures, institutional mechanism for implementation, capacity building & training process, and resource material for TNRSP to function adequately to mainstream the environmental management. 1.2.4 Project Benefits The project will give significant economic benefits to the State. Widening and up gradation of the project roads will lead to better connectivity and will also play a significant role in changing the socio-economic condition of the people living in the region. Installation of proper road safety system through signage, barricades, crash barriers and by providing adequate bus bays, truck lay byes, underpasses, service roads etc. on project roads will further enhance the road safety on these project roads. The project will also generate direct and indirect employment to the local people of the State. The indirect benefits include savings in vehicle operating costs, less fuel consumption and decreased cost of passenger travel. Also environmental enhancement measures such as the pond beautification, rain shelters, landscaping, solar lighting, tree plantation, and cultural property rehabilitation will also benefit the communities. 1.2.5 Structure of the EA Environmental assessment process in the project involved assessment of natural environment, social and cultural aspects of the project. For the anticipated impacts, management measures are incorporated in the EMP and RAP. The present report is structured to present the environmental assessment with a holistic approach incorporating social and cultural aspects. However, the social aspects are presented in detail in the RAP separately. Structure of the EA Report is as follows: Chapter No. Chapter Name Contents Executive Summary Summary of the EA report providing overall justification for project implementation along with explaining how the adverse effects are proposed to be mitigated. Chapter 1: Introduction: This chapter includes the project background, project objectives and benefits, scope of EA study and structure of EA report. Chapter 2: Project Description This chapter covers details of the project, such as, the type of project, project location, details of major features of the existing project road, details of the proposed improvements of corridor. Details about right of way, roadway improvements, cross drainage structures, community facilities, traffic projections etc. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1-7 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chapter No. Chapter Name Contents Chapter 3: Environmental Regulatory This chapter presents the legal and administrative Framework framework of World Bank, Government of India and Government of Tamil Nadu. This section underlines various clearances involved for the project corridor at the State level and at the Central level Chapter 4: Baseline Environment This chapter describes the Baseline Environmental features in details. It includes details about. Land Environment viz., geography, topography, geology, soil, land use, water environment viz., hydrology, drainage, surface and ground water quality, coastal and marine resources, air environment viz., meteorology, air quality, noise environment, biological environment and socio economic environment aspects along the project road corridor. The data presented in the chapter is collected from primary and secondary sources. The methodology was strictly adhered to the Central Pollution Control Board‟s stipulated guidelines. Chapter 5: Stakeholder Consultation This chapter details the public consultation carried out in order to know the reactions of local population and the project affected people. Meetings were held with the stake holders to record their views on the impacts caused and the suggested remedies to be adopted for the proposed project corridor. Chapter 6: Analysis of Alternatives This chapter details about the integration of environmental considerations in the alternatives and analysis of alternatives with respect of „with project‟ or „without project‟ scenario in terms of potential environmental impacts. Chapter 7: Project Impacts and This chapter details out the anticipated project impacts Issues on the environmental and social parameters based on baseline environmental features of the project during design, construction and operation phases. The chapter also includes air and noise modeling results and interpretation based on projected traffic volumes. Chapter 8: Impact Mitigation and This chapter suggests the mitigation & enhancement Enhancement measures for identified impacts caused due to various activities. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1-8 CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 GENERAL The detailed description of the project roads is as follows: 1) Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 The project road fall in three districts namely Tirunelveli, Toothukudi and Virudhnagar. (km 22/500-km 23/150 – Tirunelveli, km23/150 - km25/800- Toothukudi (Mukkutumalai village), km25/800-km27/200- Virudhnagar (Sippiparai Village), km27/200-km38/747-Tirunelveli and km38/747-km 56/700- Toothukudi) Road SH Description of Road Districts Length Urban Area Revised No. No. link (Km) being Length excluded (Km) 1 SH44 Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Tirunelveli, 34.200 Kovilpatti Km 31.650 Ettayapuram - Virudhnagar 38/750 to Km Vilathikulam - Vembar Thoothukudi 41/300 Road, Section of SH44 Km 22/500 to 38/750 (up to NH7) & 41/300 to 56/700 (connecting NH45B) The key map of the project road is shown in Figure 2-1. Also, the project road marked on toposheet is shown in Appendix 1.1. The project road starts from Naduvapatti at Km 22/400 and was originally proposed to end at Ettayapuram at intersection with SH 32, Km 56/100. During the site visit in December 2013 of the consultant team with TNRSP officials it was decided that the existing start point will be extended upto Km 22/500. This was decided to avoid impacting a pond and a temple at the very beginning of the road. Also in order to have a better connectivity, the road length has been increased by an additional 600m along SH32 and would now end at NH45B. Presently the road is of 2 lane configuration with existing carriageway width of 7m. Based on traffic demand, it is proposed to widen it to 2 lane with paved shoulder configuration with proposed road width of 10m. The total length of the project road is now 31.650 km. Other stretches of built up areas along the road are Sippiparai (at km 27 for length of 200m) Nakkalamuthanpatty (at km 28 for length of 400m), Ilayarasendal (at km 31 for length of 900m) and Ettayapuram (at km 54 for length of 2000m). The road traverses through plain terrain. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Figure 2-1: Key map showing Project Road Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 2) Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 The entire length of project road stretch passes through Tirunelveli District of Tamil Nadu State. The key map of the project road is shown in Figure 2-2. Also, the project road marked on toposheet is shown in Appendix 1.1. Road No. SH No. Description of Road link Districts Length (Km) 2 SH89 Strengthening and widening of Nanguneri Tirunelveli 35.200 – Bharatavaram – Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Km 0/000 to Km 35/200 The project road starts at Nanguneri, NH7 junction, at Km 0/000 and now ends at Idaiyangudi, intersection with SH 176, Toothukudi-Tiruchendur-Kanyakumari (TTK) Road at Km 35/200. It is proposed after the site visit of the consultant team with TNRSP Officials in December 2013, to reduce the original length by 830m ( from end point) to avoid applicability of the CRZ notification. Presently the road is of 2 lane configuration with existing carriageway width of 7m. It is proposed to widen it to 2 lane with paved shoulder configuration with proposed road width of 10m. The major congestion point is at Tisaiyanvilai village between km 26/885 to km 30/000 along the project road with available ROW of 10m-22m and has been excluded from the road stretch being taken up as phase-I roads under TNRSP-II. Realignment at Tisaiyanvillai village has been proposed by TNRSP. Another major congestion point was observed at Idaiyangudi (km 31/600 to km 32/600) where it is proposed to have only edge to edge improvement in order to minimize impacts. The road traverses through plain terrain. There is an Indian Navy Establishment Kattabomman (Naval Base), on the RHS from Km 12/800 to Km 16/000. The available ROW at this location varies between 17m to 30 m. Hence, there may not be any impact on the compound wall of Indian Navy establishment. However, the widening is proposed on LHS of Road along this stretch. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-3 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Figure 2-2: Key map showing Project Road Nanguneri - Bharatavaram -Ovari Road Section of SH89 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-4 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 3) Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli Road (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 The project road stretch from km0/000 to km 10/500 fall in Virudhnagar district and rest of the project road from km 10/500 to km 85/730 fall in Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu State. Road No. SH Description of Road link Districts Length No. 3 SH-41 Strengthening and widening of Virudunagar, 85.730 km Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil - Tirunelveli Tirunelveli Road, Km 0/000 to Km 85/730 (as per contract) 75.20 km (excluding Km 1/800 to Km 82/800 (as per bypass reconnaissance) length also) The key map of the project road is shown in Figure 2-1. Also, the project road marked on toposheet is shown in Appendix 1.1. The project road starts from intersection with NH 208, at Km 00/000 and ends at intersection with Tirunelveli-Tenkasi Road, SH39 at Km 85/730. There is commercial built up area at start and end points of project roads, thus the start and end chainages has been revised as km 1/800 and km 82/800 respectively. The total length of the project road is now 75.2km. The congestion points along the project road are Rajapalayam, Karivandanaru, Sankarankoil, Gurukulpatti, Tirumalapuram Deverkulam, Manur, Ramaianpatti and Rajajipuram. The major congestion points identified along the project road stretch is at Sankrakovil, Tirunelveli District. A bypass is already proposed for Sankarankoil by C&M Highway Department (to avoid impact on Sankarankoil built up area) starting from Km 28/000 to Km 33/800 arriving a total length of 7/200 km on LHS of SH41. Also, a ring road is proposed by C&M Highway Department crossing at ch.74/800 as shown in Figure 2-3. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-5 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Figure 2-3: Key map showing Project Road Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli Section of SH41 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-6 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 The following sections of this chapter provide details of the present characteristics and proposed improvements of project roads. 2.2 PRESENT CHARACTERISTICS 2.2.1 Right of Way (ROW) Width of ROW is not uniform along the project roads. The information on existing ROW at every km has been compiled for project roads and attached as Appendix 2.1. Following table gives the distribution of length of project roads and %age length with respect to ROW width. Table 2-1: Summary of Right of Way Width of Existing ROW <16m 16 – 20m 20 – 25m 25 – 30m > 30m Total Length Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 Length (km) 0.6 2.45 9.55 7.4 10.7 30.7* % 2% 8% 31% 24% 35% 100% Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Length (km) 4.75 3.7 10.95 7.2 3.7 30.3* % 16% 12% 36% 24% 12% 100% Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli Road (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 Length (km) 2.2 2.85 8.15 55.43 6.55 75.18* % 3% 4% 11% 74% 9% 100% *Total length excluding Realignment /bypass length From the above table it has been found that 2% of SH44 road section, 16% of SH89 road section and 3% of SH41 road section has insufficient ROW for upgrading of the road to 2 lane standards in urban areas. This calls for land acquisition along the project roads. 2.2.2 Traffic Scenario 1) Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 Present traffic scenario - The vehicle-wise average daily traffic (ADT) figures were estimated by classified count survey. Table 2-2 presents a summary of the vehicle-wise ADT on project road for each homogenous section. Table 2-2: ADT observed on Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road Section of SH44 Km Km Km Km Km Km Vehicle 31+000* 47+000** 55+000* 31+000* 47+000** 55+000* Category ADT ADT (PCU) Car 392 1169 1209 392 1169 1209 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-7 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Km Km Km Km Km Km Vehicle 31+000* 47+000** 55+000* 31+000* 47+000** 55+000* Category ADT ADT (PCU) Auto Rick. 51 104 365 51 104 365 Two Wheeler 2103 1874 3242 1052 937 1621 LMV (pickups and other less 227 493 594 340 739 891 than 3T) Mini Bus 15 43 49 23 64 74 Bus 157 560 530 470 1681 1591 LCV 50 147 135 75 221 202 2-A Truck 173 482 590 519 1445 1770 3-A Truck 87 362 316 260 1086 948 MAV / Heavy construction 32 128 124 143 577 557 machinary (4 - 6 axle) Oversized vehicles (7 axle / 0 0 0 0 0 0 more) Tractor 4 8 5 5 12 8 Tractor + Trailer 22 22 46 100 100 209 Cycle 107 53 502 53 27 251 Cycle Riksha 0 0 0 0 0 0 Animal drawn 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 3420 5446 7707 3484 8162 9695 Note: Traffic Survey Conducted In *December 2013 and **February 2014 Projected traffic: Based on the base year traffic as presented above, traffic projections have been done to derive the traffic demand at horizon years. Table 2-3 presents the projected annual average traffic data (AADT) for five years gap on homogeneous sections of project road. Table 2-3: Projected Traffic (AADT) on Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram - Vilathikulam - Vembar Road Section of SH44 Km 31+000 Km 47+000 Km 55+000 Total Total Total S. no. year Total Total Total AADT AADT AADT AADT AADT AADT PCU PCU PCU 1. 2013 3426 3534 5492 8337 7745 9871 2. 2014 3718 3786 5927 8889 8350 10523 3. 2015 4031 4040 6377 9420 8985 11161 4. 2020 5967 5628 9180 12780 12906 15167 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-8 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Km 31+000 Km 47+000 Km 55+000 Total Total Total S. no. year Total Total Total AADT AADT AADT AADT AADT AADT PCU PCU PCU 5. 2025 8561 7689 12870 17037 18083 20267 6. 2030 11906 10255 17541 22193 24665 26491 7. 2035 16091 13385 23306 28355 32813 33968 8. 2040 21192 17118 30243 35558 42656 42760 9. 2042 23571 18835 33453 38828 47221 46769 Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I 2) Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Present traffic scenario- The vehicle-wise average daily traffic (ADT) figures were estimated by classified count survey. Table 2-4 presents a summary of the vehicle-wise ADT on SH89 for each homogenous section. Table 2-4: ADT observed on Nanguneri - Bharatavaram -Ovari Road, Section of SH 89 Km Km Km Km Km Km Vehicle Category 4+000** 11+500* 23+000* 4+000** 11+500* 23+000* ADT ADT (PCU) Car 944 760 958 944 760 958 Auto Rick. 144 97 116 144 97 116 Two Wheeler 1334 1901 1574 667 951 787 LMV (pickups and other 264 232 300 396 349 450 less than 3T) Mini Bus 26 74 14 40 110 20 Bus 184 152 204 551 457 613 LCV 60 87 94 90 131 141 2-A Truck 74 69 131 222 208 392 3-A Truck 32 20 51 96 59 152 MAV / Heavy construction 16 7 21 72 33 95 machinary (4 - 6 axle) Oversized vehicles (7 axle 0 0 0 0 0 0 / more) Tractor 7 5 4 10 8 6 Tractor + Trailer 11 2 4 49 10 17 Cycle 103 386 77 51 193 38 Cycle Rickshaw 1 0 1 0 0 0 Animal drawn 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 3199 3794 3547 3332 3366 3786 Source: Traffic Survey Conducted In December 2013 Projected traffic- Based on the base year traffic as presented above, traffic projections have been done to derive the traffic demand at horizon years. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-9 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Table 2-5 presents the projected annual average traffic data (AADT) for five years gap on homogeneous sections of project road. Table 2-5: Projected Traffic (AADT) on Nanguneri - Bharatavaram -Ovari Road, Section of SH89 Km 4+000 Km 11+500 Km 23+000 Total Total Total S. no. Year Total Total Total AADT AADT AADT AADT AADT AADT PCU PCU PCU 1. 2013 3137 3306 3724 3336 3482 3765 2. 2014 3405 3559 4031 3591 3780 4049 3. 2015 3693 3823 4361 3859 4100 4341 4. 2020 5459 5441 6386 5497 6066 6147 5. 2025 7813 7545 9089 7636 8689 8492 6. 2030 10837 10185 12567 10331 12060 11426 7. 2035 14606 13412 16908 13639 16264 15009 8. 2040 19180 17264 22189 17604 21367 19281 9. 2042 21307 19037 24650 19434 23741 21247 Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I 3) Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 Present traffic scenario- The vehicle-wise average daily traffic (ADT) figures were estimated by classified count survey. Table 2-6 presents a summary of the vehicle-wise ADT on Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41 for each homogenous section. Table 2-6: ADT observed on Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli Road, Section of SH-41 Km Km Km Km Km Km ADT ADT PCU 15+000* 40+000** 70+000* 15+000 40+000 70+000 Car 876 1851 1561 Car 876 1851 1561 Auto Rick. 190 244 477 Auto Rick. 190 244 477 Two Wheeler 2014 2045 4060 Two Wheeler 1007 1022 2030 LMV (pickups LMV (pickups and other less and other less than 3T) 468 222 453 than 3T) 702 333 679 Mini Bus 277 119 105 Mini Bus 416 179 157 Bus 496 458 426 Bus 1488 1373 1278 LCV 176 176 108 LCV 264 264 161 2-A Truck 386 335 204 2-A Truck 1159 1004 612 3-A Truck 197 185 81 3-A Truck 591 555 242 MAV / Heavy MAV / Heavy construction construction machinary (4 - 6 42 85 19 machinary (4 - 6 190 382 87 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-10 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Km Km Km Km Km Km ADT ADT PCU 15+000* 40+000** 70+000* 15+000 40+000 70+000 axle) axle) Oversized Oversized vehicles (7 axle vehicles (7 axle / more) 0 0 0 / more) 0 0 0 Tractor 8 38 10 Tractor 12 57 14 Tractor + Trailer 44 26 13 Tractor + Trailer 198 115 60 Cycle 141 122 231 Cycle 70 61 116 Cycle Riksha 0 5 0 Cycle Riksha 0 2 0 Animal drawn 0 1 0 Animal drawn 0 7 0 Total 5316 5909 7748 Total 7164 7448 7475 Note: Traffic Survey Conducted in *December 2013 and **May 2014 Projected traffic - Based on the base year traffic as presented above, traffic projections have been done to derive the traffic demand at horizon years. Table 2-7 presents the projected annual average traffic data (AADT) for five years gap on homogeneous sections of Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41. Table 2-7: Projected Traffic (AADT) on Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli Road, Section of SH-41 Km 15+000 Km 40+000 Km 70+000 Sl. Year Total Total AADT Total Total AADT Total Total AADT no. AADT PCU AADT PCU AADT PCU 1. 2013 11177 17353 10508 13078 7991 9897 2. 2018 16735 24684 16243 19112 12405 14471 3. 2023 23574 33553 23418 26502 17958 20119 4. 2028 32185 44258 32639 35644 25119 27124 5. 2033 42842 57153 44210 46834 34133 35724 6. 2038 55662 72313 58301 60173 45134 45998 7. 2042 67681 86241 71640 72577 55565 55567 Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I 2.2.3 Road Width The carriageway/ roadway width of the project roads is not uniform. The following table gives the distribution of %age length with respect to carriageway width (single lane, intermediate lane, double lane, double lane with paved shoulder) From the road inventory, it can be summarised that around 95% of the project road length of SH-44 and SH89 sections is two lanes and about 5% of road length is having earthen shoulder with width varying between 0.5m to 1.0m. However, 70% of project road length of SH41 section is having two lane with earthern shoulder of width varying between 0.5m-1.0m. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-11 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Table 2-8: Distribution of Road Width along Project Roads Type of Carriageway Configuration and Length SL IL 2L 2L(Shoulders ) 4L Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 0 0 95% 5% 0 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 0 0 95% 5% 0 Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli ((km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 0 0 100% 70% 0 Based on the traffic figures and existing lane configurations, the existing Level of Service at which the sections of project roads are experiencing is provided in Table 2-9. Table 2-9: Section wise AADT and LOS AADT Existing CW Existing Section Description (PCU) Configuration LOS Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - km 22/500 to km 31/000 3534 2L A Ettayapuram - Km 31/000 to km 47/000 8337 2L A Vilathikulam - Vembar 2L A Km 47/000 to km 55/000 9871 Road, Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Km 0/000 to km 4/000 3306 2L A Bharatavaram Ovari Km 4/000 to km 11/500 3336 2L A Road upto ECR 2L A Junction, Section of SH Km 11/500 to km 23/000 3765 89 Rajapalayam- km 0/000 to km 15/000 7164 2L A Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli Km 15/000 to km 40/000 7448 2L A Section of SH-41 Km 40/000 to km 70/000 7475 2L A Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I LOS A: Represents a condition of free flow. LOS B: Represents a condition of stable flow with restricted freedom for selection of speed. LOS C: Represents a condition of stable flow with little freedom for selection of speed. LOS D: Represents a condition of limit of stable flow with condition approaching unstable flow. LOS E: Represents a condition of unstable flow with volumes close to capacity. LOS F: Represents a condition of breakdown flow with long queues and delays. (Refer IRC 106: 1990) 2.2.4 Land Use and Roadside Environments The land use distribution along the project roads is as follows: DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-12 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Project Road Land Use Distribution within Land use beyond EROW EROW Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Open area with road side Predominantly Open Area followed by Ettayapuram - plantation : 61% agricultural in some stretches Vilathikulam - Vembar Built Up : 39% Road Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Open Area: 69% Predominantly Open Area/Open Land Bharatavaram Ovari Built Up : 31% followed by built up area. Cashew Road upto ECR Junction plantation observed in end changes of Section of SH 89 Idaiyangudi village. Rajapalayam- Built Up – around 30% Dry and Open Land Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli Dry Land – 53% section of SH-41 Wet Land – 16% Also, land use map of project influence area (10km from either side of project roads) has been prepared based on toposheets, AutoCAD and ArcGIS 9.1. The land use maps prepared for project roads are attached as Appendix 2.2. Figure 2-4 indicates the % distribution of land use within Project influence area of project roads. Land Use Pattern within PIA- Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-13 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Land Use Pattern within PIA- Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 Land Use Pattern- Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli Road, Section of SH41 Figure 2-4: Land Use Pattern within PIA (within10km buffer of project roads) DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-14 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 As observed from Figure 2-4, major land use within PIA of Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 is open land (39%) followed by agricultural (33%) and agricultural (87%) within PIA of Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89. Within PIA of Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli Road, Section of SH41, major land use is agricultural (80%). 2.2.5 Villages and Urban-Built Up Sections Around 61% length of the Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road Section of SH44 passes through non-built up area; remaining 39% length traverses through inhabited area. There are a number of villages and settlements located along the project road as tabulated below: Table 2-10: Inhabitation along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 Chainage Length (m) Name of Village/Settlement Start (km) End (km) 22/500 22/600 100 Naduvappatti 24/390 24/910 520 Mukkuttumalai 27/170 28/100 930 Nakkal muttampatti 30/020 31/090 1070 Ilaiyarasanendal 35/900 36/820 920 Appaneri 38/510 38/750 240 Kovilpatti 41/300 45/160 3860 Kovilpatti 50/890 52/820 1930 Kumaragiri 53/950 56/700 2750 Ilampuvanam, Ettayapuram Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I Around 69% length of the Nanguneri - Bharatavaram -Ovari Road Section of SH 89 passes through non-built up area; remaining 31% length traverses through inhabited area. There are a number of villages and settlements located along the project road, the details are tabulated below: Table 2-11: Inhabitation along Nanguneri - Bharatavaram -Ovari Road (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Chainage Length(m) Name of Village/ Settlement Start (km) End (km) 0/000 2/140 2140 Nanguneri 2/140 2/810 670 IraippOvari 3/250 41/00 850 karunkadu 5/395 5/995 600 Iraipubari 7/800 11/600 3800 Alangulam 12/100 12/695 595 Alangulam 14/695 16795 2100 Vijayanarayanam 20/500 21/000 500 Vijayanarayanam 24/670 25/270 600 Kumarapuram 26/800 30/000 3200 Tisaiyanvilai DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-15 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage Length(m) Name of Village/ Settlement Start (km) End (km) 31/100 32/400 1300 Idaiyangudi Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I Around 25% length of the Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41 passes through built up area; remaining 75% length traverses through non built up area. There are a number of villages and settlements located along the project road as tabulated below: Table 2-12: Inhabitation along Rajapalayam- Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 Chainage Length (m) Name of Village/ Settlement Start (km) End (km) 1/800 2/700 900 INTUC Nagar 4/200 5/600 1400 Madhukudy 7/780 8/260 480 Cholapuram 8/400 10/100 1700 Cholapuram 10/600 11/100 500 Perumalpatti 12.600 13/100 500 Solaiseri 19/000 22/400 3400 Karivalamvanthanallur, Kulalaikanni 25/400 25/800 400 Ramalingapuram 38/100 38/700 600 Muthukrishapuram 40/600 41/700 1100 Gurukulpatti 47/700 49/100 1400 Panavadalachathiram, Marukkalankulam 54/000 56/000 2000 Vennikonendhal 57/700 58/800 1100 Devarkulam 64/000 64/700 700 Alakiyapandiapuram 70/000 71/200 1200 Manur 74/600 74/900 300 Rastha 81/600 82/820 1220 Ramainpatti Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I 2.3 PROPOSED IMPROVEMENT 2.3.1 Proposed CW Configuration and Cross Sections The existing SHs are proposed to be upgraded to 2/4 lane paved shoulder configuration, the details of which are presented as follows: Table 2-13: Proposed Improvements for Project Roads Nanguneri - Rajapalayam- Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti Bharatavaram Sankarankoil- - Ettayapuram - Project Road Ovari Road upto Tirunelveli Vilathikulam - Vembar ECR Junction, Section of SH-41 Road, Section of SH44 Section of SH 89 Proposed Lane Configuration 2 Lane +PS 2 Lane +PS 2 Lane +PS DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-16 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Nanguneri - Rajapalayam- Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti Bharatavaram Sankarankoil- - Ettayapuram - Project Road Ovari Road upto Tirunelveli Vilathikulam - Vembar ECR Junction, Section of SH-41 Road, Section of SH44 Section of SH 89 Carriageway width (m) 7 7 7 Paved Rural 1.5*2 1.5*2 1.5*2 Shoulder (m) Urban 1.5*2 1.5*2 1.5*2 Earthen shoulder (m) 1*2 1*2 1*2 Rural - - - Median (m) # Urban 0.625 - - Footpath/Drain Unlined 1.5*2 1.5*2 1.5*2 (m) Lined 1.5*2 1.5*2 1.5*2 Utility Corridor Rural 1.0*2 1.0*2 1.0*2 (m) Urban 1.5*2 1.5*2 1.5*2 # Median has been proposed only in stretch (41+170 – 44+100 of SH-44), where 4-lane is proposed Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I Table 2-14: Widening proposal for the existing highway Existing Chainage Design Chainage Length Sl. No. (km) (km) Widening (m) From To From To Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 1 22/500 38/850 22/500 38/745 16245 2-lane with paved shoulder 2 38/850 41/300 38/745 41/170 2425 Kovilpatti (Not in Scope) 3 41/300 45/355 41/170 45/235 4065 4-lane with paved shoulder 4 45/355 56/800 45/235 56/825 11590 2-lane with paved shoulder Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 2-lane without paved 1 0/000 14/955 0/000 15/500 15500 shoulder 2 14/955 26/885 15/000 26/800 11800 2-lane with paved shoulder 3 26/885 30/000 26/800 29/672 2872 Thisayanvilai Bypass 4 30/000 35/200 *30/000 34/940 4940 2-lane with paved shoulder Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli Section of SH-41 2-lane without paved 1 1/800 6/045 1/800 6/000 4200 shoulder 2 6/045 28/000 6/000 28/048 22048 2-lane with paved shoulder Sankarankoil (Not in 3 28/000 33/800 28/048 33/895 5847 scope) 4 33/800 82/900 33/895 82/935 49040 2-lane with paved shoulder Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-17 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Table 2-15: Proposed ROW Details 2 Lane Road 4 Lane Road Project Road Urban / Urban / Rural Rural Village Village Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram - Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of 23 16 - 28* SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road 23 16 - - upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli 23 16 - - section of SH-41 *4 lane + slow moving lane in Thittangulam (Urban stretch) from 41+170 – 44+100 of SH-44 Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I Table 2-16: Details of typical cross sections adopted for proposed roads Type of Description Cross Section Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 TCS 1 Two lane Rural section (New Construction) TCS 2 Two lane Rural section (Concentric widening) TCS 3 Two lane Rural section (Eccentric widening RHS) TCS 4 Two lane Rural section (Eccentric widening LHS) TCS 5 Two lane Urban section (Concentric widening) TCS 5A Two lane Urban section (Concentric widening) TCS 6 Two lane Urban section (Eccentric widening RHS) TCS 7 Two lane Urban section (Eccentric widening LHS) TCS 8 Four lane Urban / Village section (Concentric widening) TCS 9 Four lane Urban / Village section (Eccentric widening RHS) TCS 10 Four lane Urban / Village section (Eccentric widening LHS) Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 TCS 1 Two lane Rural section (New Construction) TCS 2 Two lane Rural section (Concentric widening) TCS 2A Two lane Rural section (Concentric widening) TCS 3 Two lane Rural section (Eccentric widening RHS) TCS 4 Two lane Rural section (Eccentric widening LHS) TCS 5 Two lane Urban section (Concentric widening) TCS 5A Two lane Urban section (Concentric widening) Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli Section of SH-41 TCS 1 Two lane Urban section (New Construction) TCS 1A Two lane Urban section (New Construction) TCS 1B Two lane Urban section (New Construction) TCS 2 Two lane Rural section (Concentric widening) TCS 2A Two lane Rural section (Concentric widening) TCS 3 Two lane Rural section (Eccentric widening RHS) TCS 4 Two lane Rural section (Eccentric widening LHS) TCS 5 Two lane Urban section (Concentric widening) DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-18 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Type of Description Cross Section TCS 5A Two lane Urban section (Concentric widening) TCS 6 Two lane Urban section (Eccentric widening RHS) TCS 7 Two lane Urban section (Eccentric widening LHS) Table 2-17: Chainage wise Cross Sections adopted for two lane up-gradation with paved shoulders of Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 Design Chainage (Km) Length (m) Type From To 22/500 23/860 1360 TCS 2 23860 23/960 100 TCS 4 23/960 24/100 140 TCS 3 24/100 24/390 290 TCS 2 24/390 24/600 210 TCS 4 24/600 25/800 1200 TCS 2 25/800 25/900 100 TCS 3 25/900 26/470 570 TCS 2 26/470 26/600 130 TCS 3 26/600 26/800 200 TCS 2 26/800 26/930 130 TCS 3 26/930 27/230 300 TCS 2 27/230 27/270 40 TCS 5A 27/270 27/500 230 TCS 5 27/500 27/530 30 TCS 7 27/530 27/650 120 TCS 4 27/650 28/600 950 TCS 2 28/600 28/800 200 TCS 4 28/800 29/450 650 TCS 2 29/450 29/750 300 TCS 4 29/750 29/900 150 TCS 3 29/900 30/075 175 TCS 2 30/075 30/110 35 TCS 3 30/110 30/200 90 TCS 6 30/200 30/290 90 TCS 5A 30/290 30/510 220 TCS 5 30/510 33/600 3090 TCS 2 33/600 33/700 100 TCS 3 33/700 34/050 350 TCS 2 34/050 34/200 150 TCS 3 34/200 34/320 120 TCS 4 34/320 35/220 900 TCS 2 35/220 35/600 380 TCS 1 35/600 36/490 890 TCS 2 36/490 36/600 110 TCS 3 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-19 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Design Chainage (Km) Length (m) Type From To 36/600 37/050 450 TCS 2 37/050 38/000 950 TCS 3 38/000 38/745 745 TCS 2 38/745 41/170 2425 NOT IN SCOPE 41/170 42/470 1300 TCS 8 42/470 42/900 430 TCS 9 42/900 44/100 1200 TCS 8 44/100 44/560 460 TCS 5A 44/560 48/840 4280 TCS 2 48/840 48/950 110 TCS 3 48/950 54/035 5085 TCS 2 54/035 54/160 125 TCS 4 54/160 54/250 90 TCS 3 54/250 54/440 190 TCS 2 54/440 56/100 1660 TCS 5A Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I Table 2-18: Chainage wise Cross Sections adopted for two lane up-gradation with paved shoulders of Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 Design Chainage (km) Length (m) Type From To 0/000 15/000 15000 TCS 2A 15/100 19/500 4400 TCS 2 19/500 19/730 230 TCS 3 19/730 20/660 930 TCS 2 20/660 20/780 120 TCS 5A 20/780 20/840 60 TCS 5 20/840 20/970 130 TCS 5A 20/970 21/600 630 TCS 2 21/600 22/900 1300 TCS 3 22/900 23/000 100 TCS 2 23/000 23/100 100 TCS 3 23/100 23/300 200 TCS 2 23/300 23/400 100 TCS 4 23/400 24/140 740 TCS 2 24/140 24/520 380 TCS 1 24/520 24/660 140 TCS 3 24/660 25/000 340 TCS 2 25/000 25/100 100 TCS 4 25/100 25/260 160 TCS 2 25/260 25/340 80 TCS 4 25/340 25/800 460 TCS 2 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-20 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Design Chainage (km) Length (m) Type From To 25/800 25/900 100 TCS 3 25/900 26/000 100 TCS 4 26/000 26/250 250 TCS 2 26/250 26/700 450 TCS 1 26/700 26/800 100 TCS 4 26/800 30/000 3200 TCS 1 30/000 30/400 400 TCS 2 30/400 30/510 110 TCS 4 30/510 31/960 1450 TCS 2 31/960 32/750 790 TCS 3 32/750 33/400 650 TCS 2 33/400 34/500 1100 TCS 3 34/500 34/940 440 TCS 2 Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I Table 2-19: Chainage wise Cross Sections adopted for two lane up-gradation with paved shoulders of Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41 Design Chainage (km) Length Type From To (m) 1/800 6/000 4200 TCS - 2A 6/000 6/680 680 TCS - 2 6/680 6/780 100 TCS - 3 6/780 6/880 100 TCS - 4 6/880 6/980 100 TCS - 3 6/980 7/140 160 TCS - 4 7/140 8/260 1120 TCS - 2 8/260 8/400 140 TCS - 3 8/400 8/900 500 TCS - 2 8/900 9/060 160 TCS - 3 9/060 9/220 160 TCS - 4 9/220 9/340 120 TCS - 3 9/340 9/500 160 TCS - 6 9/500 9/640 140 TCS - 7 9/640 9/970 330 TCS - 5A 9/970 10/660 690 TCS - 2 10/660 10/740 80 TCS - 4 10/740 12/500 1760 TCS - 2 12/500 12/600 100 TCS - 4 12/600 12/840 240 TCS - 2 12/840 12/940 100 TCS - 3 12/940 13/600 660 TCS - 2 13/600 13/660 60 TCS - 3 13/660 14/300 640 TCS - 2 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-21 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Design Chainage (km) Length Type From To (m) 14/300 14/420 120 TCS - 4 14/420 15/720 1300 TCS - 2 15/720 16/100 380 TCS - 3 16/100 16/900 800 TCS - 2 16/900 17/260 360 TCS - 1 17/260 17/360 100 TCS - 4 17/360 17/460 100 TCS - 3 17/460 17/700 240 TCS - 4 17/700 17/800 100 TCS - 3 17/800 19/080 1280 TCS - 2 19/080 19/160 80 TCS - 4 19/160 19/640 480 TCS - 2 19/640 19/740 100 TCS - 4 19/740 19/880 140 TCS - 2 19/880 19/940 60 TCS - 4 19/940 20/020 80 TCS - 6 19/940 20/330 390 TCS - 5 20/330 20/380 50 TCS - 5A 20/380 20/428 48 TCS-5 20/428 20/590 162 TCS - 5A 20/590 21/380 790 TCS - 2 21/380 21/620 240 TCS - 3 21/620 23/080 1460 TCS - 2 23/080 23/160 80 TCS - 3 23/160 23/220 60 TCS - 2 23/220 23/520 300 TCS - 4 23/520 23/600 80 TCS - 2 23/600 23/680 80 TCS - 3 23/680 23/940 260 TCS - 2 23/940 24/140 200 TCS - 4 24/140 24/360 220 TCS - 3 24/360 24/420 60 TCS - 4 24/420 24/480 60 TCS - 2 24/440 24/660 220 TCS - 3 24/660 24/820 160 TCS - 2 24/820 25/040 220 TCS - 4 25/040 25/400 360 TCS - 1 25/400 25/580 180 TCS - 2 25/580 25/660 80 TCS - 4 25/660 27/540 1880 TCS - 2 27/540 27/620 80 TCS - 3 27/620 27/740 120 TCS - 2 27/740 27/820 80 TCS - 3 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-22 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Design Chainage (km) Length Type From To (m) 27/820 28/048 228 TCS - 2 28/048 33/895 5847 Not In Scope 33/895 34/320 425 TCS - 2 34/320 34/460 140 TCS - 4 34/460 34/600 140 TCS - 3 34/600 34/940 340 TCS - 2 34/940 35/120 180 TCS - 4 35/120 37/480 2360 TCS - 2 37/480 37/780 300 TCS - 4 37/780 38/100 320 TCS - 2 38/100 38/200 100 TCS - 3 38/200 38/280 80 TCS - 4 38/280 40/900 2620 TCS - 2 40/900 41/131 231 TCS - 5A 41/131 41/187 56 TCS-5 41/187 41/292 105 TCS - 5A 41/292 41/380 88 TCS-5 41/380 41/400 20 TCS - 1A 41/400 41/450 50 TCS -1B 41/450 41/800 350 TCS - 1 41/800 42/140 340 TCS - 2 42/140 42/240 100 TCS - 3 42/240 42/720 480 TCS - 2 42/720 43/040 320 TCS - 4 43/040 43/140 100 TCS - 2 43/140 43/220 80 TCS - 4 43/220 43/820 600 TCS - 2 43/820 43/920 100 TCS - 4 43/920 44/580 660 TCS - 2 44/580 44/640 60 TCS - 3 44/640 45/660 1020 TCS - 2 45/660 46/820 1160 TCS - 4 46/820 47/560 740 TCS - 2 47/560 47/700 140 TCS - 3 47/700 47/765 65 TCS-5 47/765 48/100 335 TCS - 5A 48/100 48/540 440 TCS - 2 48/540 48/940 400 TCS - 3 48/940 49/980 1040 TCS - 2 49/980 50/100 120 TCS - 3 50/100 50/320 220 TCS - 2 50/320 50/420 100 TCS - 4 50/420 50/580 160 TCS - 2 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-23 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Design Chainage (km) Length Type From To (m) 50/580 50/640 60 TCS - 4 50/640 50/900 260 TCS - 1 50/900 50/940 40 TCS - 2 50/940 51/280 340 TCS - 1 51/280 51/340 60 TCS - 2 51/340 51/700 360 TCS - 3 51/700 51/900 200 TCS - 2 51/900 52/000 100 TCS - 4 52/000 52/100 100 TCS - 3 52/100 52/220 120 TCS - 4 52/220 52/340 120 TCS - 3 52/340 53/660 1320 TCS - 2 53/660 53/820 160 TCS - 4 53/820 53/900 80 TCS - 2 53/900 54/355 455 TCS - 5A 54/335 54/540 205 TCS-5 54/540 54/480 40 TCS - 5A 54/480 54/672 20 TCS-5 54/672 54/900 228 TCS - 5A 54/900 55/720 820 TCS - 2 55/720 56/420 700 TCS - 4 56/420 57/620 1200 TCS - 2 57/620 57/960 340 TCS - 5A 57/960 58/225 265 TCS-5 58/225 58/394 169 TCS - 5A 58/394 58/500 106 TCS-5 58/500 58/532 32 TCS - 5A 58/532 58/596 64 TCS-5 58/596 58/650 54 TCS - 5A 58/650 59/260 610 TCS - 2 59/260 59/900 640 TCS - 4 59/900 60/380 480 TCS - 2 60/380 60/440 60 TCS - 3 60/440 61/240 800 TCS - 4 61/240 61/480 240 TCS - 3 61/480 61/960 480 TCS - 2 61/960 62/380 420 TCS - 1 62/380 62/680 300 TCS - 2 62/680 63/260 580 TCS - 4 63/260 63/950 690 TCS - 2 63/950 64/650 700 TCS - 5A 64/650 65/560 910 TCS - 2 65/560 65/760 200 TCS - 4 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-24 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Design Chainage (km) Length Type From To (m) 65/760 67/240 1480 TCS - 2 67/240 67/700 460 TCS - 4 67/700 68/720 1020 TCS - 2 68/720 68/960 240 TCS - 3 68/960 69/080 120 TCS - 2 69/080 69/300 220 TCS - 3 69/300 69/800 500 TCS - 2 69/800 69/880 80 TCS - 3 69/880 70/000 120 TCS - 4 70/000 70/020 20 TCS - 7 70/020 70/500 480 TCS - 5A 70/500 70/580 80 TCS-5 70/580 70/720 140 TCS - 5A 70/720 70/875 155 TCS-5 70/875 70/965 90 TCS - 5A 70/965 71/148 183 TCS - 5 70/960 70/980 20 TCS - 1A 70/980 71/030 50 TCS - 1B 71/030 71/140 110 TCS - 1 71/140 71/460 320 TCS - 2 71/460 71/600 140 TCS - 4 71/600 71/760 160 TCS - 3 71/760 75/080 3320 TCS - 2 75/080 75/200 120 TCS - 3 75/200 75/720 520 TCS - 4 75/720 75/820 100 TCS - 2 75/820 75/900 80 TCS - 3 75/900 76/000 100 TCS - 2 76/000 76/640 640 TCS - 3 76/640 76/800 160 TCS - 4 76/800 76/960 160 TCS - 3 76/960 77/160 200 TCS - 4 77/160 77/280 120 TCS - 2 77/280 77/460 180 TCS - 3 77/460 82/000 4540 TCS - 2 82/000 82/100 100 TCS - 3 82/100 82/837 737 TCS - 2 Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I The typical cross sections of project roads are depicted in Figures 2-5. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-25 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-26 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-27 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-28 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-29 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Figure 2-5: Typical Cross Sections of project roads DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-30 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 The following tables represent the urban and rural sections along project roads: Table 2-20: Details of Urban/ Rural sections along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 Chainage Urban/ Rural Length (m) Start (km) End (km) 22/500 22/600 Urban 100 22/600 24/390 Rural 1790 24/390 24910 Urban 520 24/910 27/170 Rural 2260 27/170 28/100 Urban 930 28/100 30/020 Rural 1920 30/020 31090 Urban 1070 31/090 35900 Rural 4810 35/900 36820 Urban 920 36/820 38/510 Rural 1690 38/510 38/750 Urban 240 41/300 45/160 Urban 3860 45/160 50/890 Rural 5730 50/890 52/820 Urban 1930 52/820 53/950 Rural 1130 53/950 56/700 Urban 2750 Rural 19.33 km Total Length (km) Urban 12.32 km Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I Table 2-21: Details of Urban/Rural sections along Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 Chainage Urban/ Rural Length (m) Start (km) End (km) 0/000 2/140 Rural 2140 2/140 2/810 Urban 670 2810 3/250 Rural 440 3/250 4/100 Urban 850 4/100 5/395 Rural 1295 5/395 5/995 Urban 600 5/995 7/800 Rural 1805 7/800 11/600 Urban 3800 11/600 12/100 Rural 500 12/100 12/695 Urban 595 12/695 14/695 Rural 2000 14/695 16/795 Urban 2100 16/795 20/500 Rural 3705 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-31 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage Urban/ Rural Length (m) Start (km) End (km) 20/500 21/000 Urban 500 21/000 24670 Rural 3670 24/670 25270 Urban 600 25/270 31/100 Rural 5830 31/100 32/400 Urban 1300 32/400 35/200 Rural 2800 Rural 24.185 km Total Length (km) Urban 11.015 km Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I Table 2-22: Details of Urban/Rural sections along Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli, Section of SH41 Chainage Urban/ Rural Length (m) Start (km) Start (km) 1/800 2/700 Urban 900 2/700 4/200 Rural 1500 4/200 5/600 Urban 1400 5/600 7/780 Rural 2180 7/780 8/260 Urban 480 8/260 8/400 Rural 140 8/400 10/100 Urban 1700 10/100 10/600 Rural 500 10/600 11/100 Urban 500 11/100 12/600 Rural 1500 12/600 13/100 Urban 500 13/100 19/000 Rural 5900 19/000 22/400 Urban 3400 22/400 25/400 Rural 3000 25/400 25/800 Urban 400 25/800 28/000 Rural 2200 33/985 38/100 Rural 4115 38/100 38/700 Urban 600 38/700 40/600 Rural 1900 40/600 41/700 Urban 1100 41/700 47/700 Rural 6000 47/700 49/100 Urban 1400 49/100 54/000 Rural 4900 54/000 56/000 Urban 2000 56/000 57/700 Rural 1700 57/700 58/800 Urban 1100 58/800 64/000 Rural 5200 64/000 64/700 Urban 700 64/700 70/000 Rural 5300 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-32 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage Urban/ Rural Length (m) Start (km) Start (km) 70/000 71/200 Urban 1200 71/200 74/600 Rural 3400 74/600 74/900 Urban 300 74/900 81/600 Rural 6700 81/600 82/820 Urban 1220 75.04 Km Total Length (km) Urban length 18.9 Km Rural length 56.2 Km Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I 2.3.2 Identification of Realignments/ Bypass  Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 No bypass is proposed in this project road. Following rmajor horizontal curve improvements have been proposed along project road. a) Km 24/430 to Km 24/605 The stretch is passing through Mukkuttumalai village. Straight realignment is proposed to improve the curve radius. One well is being impacted due to this realignment. There is no major environmental impact. b) Km 26/200 to km 26/350  The stretch from km 26/200 to km 26/350 is passing through sippiparai village. The existing alignment has a continuous sharp curve with the poor sight distance. So, to improve the geometry of the road, realignment is proposed.  There is no major environmental and social impact in this realignment. c) Km 30/100 to km 30/200  The stretch is passing through Elayarasanenedal village. To improve the curve radius, realignment is proposed for a length of 100m.  There is no major environmental and social impact in this realignment. d) Km 35/220 to km 35/600  The stretch from km 35/220 to km 35/600 is passing through Ayyaneri village. The existing alignment has a continuous sharp reverse curve with the poor sight distance.  Also, a major causeway exists across the project road with pipe vents which are in poor condition. So to improve the geometry of the road, realignment with a curve radius of 240m is proposed and a minor bridge is proposed.  There is no major environmental and social impact in this realignment. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-33 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41  Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 No bypass is proposed in this project road. Following realignments have been proposed along project road: a) Major Realignment has been proposed from km 26/200 to km 26/700 as the existing road has a continuous sharp reverse curve with the poor sight distance b) Major Realignment has been proposed between km 26/800 to km 29/672 (Tisaiyanvillai village) to avoid very congested stretch along SH89, for which three alternative options has been studied and best suitable option has been selected based on technical aspect, environmental & social impact and economic feasibility. c) Minor Realignment has been proposed from km 0/550 to km 0/800 at village Nanguneri d) Minor Realignment has been proposed from km 24/100 to km 24/600 at village Mamnapuram  Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 There is no major realignment along the project road. Only seven horizontal curve improvements are proposed. A bypass is already proposed for Sankarakovil by C&M Highway Department (to avoid impact on Sankarankoil built up area) starting from km 28/000 to km 33/800 arriving a total length of 7/200 km on LHS of SH41. Details of major realignments is presented in Chapter 6: Analysis of Alternatives 2.4 CULVERTS AND BRIDGES The Bridge and culvert inventory of project roads was carried out to assess the existing condition and the hydrological adequacy. There are 48 culverts, 5 minor bridges and 1 causeway on Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44, 30 culverts and 4 causeways on Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 and 116 culverts, 0 major and 29 minor bridges on Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli, Section of SH41. Some additional culverts have been proposed depending on the hydrological requirements along project roads. A summary of improvement proposals for cross-drainage structures along project roads are given in Table 2-23, Table2- 24 and Table 2-25. Details of existing bridges and proposal along project roads are presented in Table 2-26, Table 2-27 and Table 2-28. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-34 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Table 2-23: Improvement proposal for Cross Drainage structures along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 Number of Number of Number of Number of new S. Description Existing retained and structures Structures No. Structures widened reconstructed Proposed 1 Pipe culverts < 900 1 - - - 2 Pipe culverts >= 900 24 21 - - 3 Slab/arch culverts 21 10 16 - 4 Cut stone culverts 2 - 2 - 5 Additional Culvert 2 Box culvert 1 (causeway 5 Causeway 1 - - converted into minor bridge) 6 Minor bridges 5 - 5 Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I Table 2-24: Improvement proposal for Cross Drainage structures along Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 S. Description Number of Number of Number of Number of new No. Existing retained and structures Structures Proposed Structures widened reconstructed 1 Pipe culverts < 900 - - - - 2 Pipe culverts >= 900 17 11 2 9 3 Slab/arch culverts * 12 6 5 2 4 Cut stone culverts 1 - 1 - 5 Additional Culverts 9 nos. box culverts 4 nos. pipe culverts 5 Causeway 4 - - 4 (causeway converted into minor bridge) 6 Minor bridges - - - - Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I Table 2-25: Improvement proposal for Cross Drainage structures along Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 Number of Number of Number of Number of S. new Description Existing retained and structures No. Structures Structures widened reconstructed Proposed 1 Pipe culverts < 900 13 - 12 - DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-35 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 2 Pipe culverts >= 900 60 57 1 2 3 Slab/arch culverts * 34 32 1 1 4 Cut stone culverts 9 - 5 2 5 nos. box 5 Additional culverts culverts Total 116 113 Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I Table 2-26: Details of Existing Bridges and Proposal along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 S. Existing Existing Design Existing Proposed Recommendation No Pwd. No. Chainage Chainage Arrangement Arrangement of span of span (No. x Span) (No. x Span) 1 24/2 23/982 24/036 8x1.6 3x6.0 Reconstruction 2 - 35/200 35/458 10x0.9 1x36.0 Reconstruction due (c/c Brg.) Vented Causeway (New minor bridge) 3 49/1 48/313 48/214 6x 2.5 2x6.0 Reconstruction 4 49/3 48/886 48/811 3 x 2.5 2x4.0 Reconstruction 5 53/2 52/200 52/162 3x6.5 3x6.0 Reconstruction 6 55/1 54/200 54/256 2x3.3 2x6.0 Reconstruction Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I Table 2-27: Details of Existing Bridges and Proposal along Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Existing Proposed S. Existing Existing Design Arrangement Arrangement Recommendation No Pwd. No. Chainage Chainage No. x Span No. x Span (m) (m) New Minor Bridge 1 - 4/500 4/451 - 3x6.0 (Existing Causeway) New Minor Bridge 2 - 11/121 11/165 4x1.6 3x6.0 (Existing Vented Causeway) New Minor Bridge 3 - 13/610 13/607 - 2x6.0 (Existing Causeway) 1x 36.0 c/c New Minor Bridge 4 - 26/300 26/287 Brg. (Existing Causeway) Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-36 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Table 2-28: Details of Existing Bridges and Proposal along Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 S. No Existing Design Proposed Proposed Proposed Remarks Chainage Chainage Outer to minimum Span (km) (km) Outer width Water Way No x Span (m) (m) (m) 1. 3/750 3/701 12 12.0 2x6 Reconstruction 2. 6/580 6/538 12 12.0 2x6 Reconstruction 3. 19/800 19/810 12 53.6 2 x 28 c/c Brg. Reconstruction 4. 20/493 20/512 12 12.0 2x6 Reconstruction 5. 23/165 23/199 12 18.0 3x6 Reconstruction 6. 25/980 25/971 12 12.0 2x6 Reconstruction 7. 41/358 41/422 14.8 18.0 3x6 Reconstruction 8. 58/416 58/442 14.8 12.0 2x6 Reconstruction 9. 82/253 82/280 14.8 12.0 2x6 Reconstruction Retained and 10. 12/500 12/453 12.0 47.1 3x7.4+3 x 8.3 widening Retained and 11. 14/270 14/225 12.0 6.2 1 x 6.2 widening Retained and 12. 18/275 18/275 12.0 8.2 1 x 8.2 widening Retained and 13. 18/410 18/423 12.0 25.2 3 x 8.4 widening Retained and 14. 18/590 18/580 12.0 14.6 2 x 7.3 widening Retained and 15. 38/440 38.500 14.8 8 1 x 8.0 widening Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I 2.5 IDENTIFICATION OF BORROW AREAS The information about existing stone Quarries, Moorrum Quarries/ Borrow pits, Sand Quarries was collected from local PWD Divisional Offices and Sub divisional Offices, local construction contractors and local material suppliers throughout the project area, from other sources and from direct observation and by site visits. Location maps and type of material available in each project road were also collected and produced. The suitability of the materials sources is evaluated based on laboratory testing. After analysing the suitability of those material sources quantitatively and qualitatively, the lead chart is prepared. The location details of borrow area, sand and stone quarry map along project roads are shown in lead chart in Figure 2-6, Figure 2-7 and Figure 2-8. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-37 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Figure 2-6: Location of Borrow area for gravel and Stone quarry on Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-38 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 NANGUNERI Figure 2-7: Location of Borrowarea for gravel and Stone quarry on Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-39 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Figure 2-8: Quarry and Borrow Lead Chart for Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41 The management of above mentioned aqqregate and quarries will be done as per guidelines for aggregate quarry management provided in Appendix 8.2. Also, it is to be noted that no child labor will be involved in road works. (Refer Appendix 8.15 : Worker‟s Safety during construction) 2.6 GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATIONS Geotechnical investigations are carried out at all bridge locations along project roads to explore subsurface conditions by drilling boreholes to different depths in order to identify the DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-40 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 thickness and sequences of various strata and to ascertain the sub surface profile of soils and bed rock to determine the most suitable foundation levels of structures. 2.7 HYDRAULIC AND HYDROLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS All the hydraulic data for bridges has been collected from the field and it has been analyzed and studies carried out to determine the adequacy of waterway of the existing bridges proposed to be retained and new bridges to be constructed as per provisions of IRC:5-1998 and IRC: SP-13. 50 year return flood was considered. 2.8 ROAD SAFETY REVIEW The basic aim for road safety review is to identify areas of major concern, including black spots and accident-prone stretches on project road and to propose measures to be taken for improving the engineering design with respect to road safety aspects. Consultant have carried out a detailed reconnaissance along the project roads and identified areas of major concern, including black spots and accident-prone stretches on each project roads. Following measures have been taken up for improve the traffic safety: i. Geometric Design Aspects ii. Design of Intersections iii. Traffic Control Devices and Road Safety Features iv. Roadside furniture v. Roadside facilities vi. Traffic management during construction 1. Geometric Design Aspects All geometric design elements have been carried out as per design standards stipulated for project in consonance with IRC codal provisions. Comprehensive design standards, which link individual design elements to best estimates of actual speed have been utilised. The emphasis has been given on maintaining continuity or giving adequate warning where it could not be made. Following realignment locations have been identified to improve the horizontal geometrics of the project road. Table 2-29: Realignment Sections along Project Roads Chainage Length Project road From To Reason for Realignment (km) (km) (km) Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - 24/430 24/605 0.18 Curve Improvement Ettayapuram - 26/200 26/350 0.15 To avoid impact on built up area Vilathikulam - Vembar 30/100 30/200 0.10 Curve Improvement Road, Section of SH44 35/220 35/600 0.38 Passing through Ayyaneri village. The DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-41 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage Length Project road From To Reason for Realignment (km) (km) (km) existing alignment has a continuous sharp reverse curve with the poor sight distance. 0/550 0/800 0.25 Curve Improvement Nanguneri - 24/100 24/600 0.5 Curve Improvement Bharatavaram Ovari This stretch has continuous sharp Road upto ECR 26/200 26/700 0.5 reverse curve with the poor sight Junction, Section of SH distance. 89 Passing through built up area in 26/800 29/672 2.872 Tisaiyanvilai village 16/850 17/250 0.40 Curve Improvement 25/050 25/400 0.35 Curve Improvement Rajapalayam- 34/450 34/600 0.15 Curve Improvement Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli 41/380 41/780 0.40 Curve Improvement section of SH-41 50/620 50/880 0.26 Curve Improvement 50/980 51/300 0.32 Curve Improvement 70/950 71/150 0.20 Curve Improvement Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I Following embankment raising locations have been identified to improve the vertical geometrics and submergence locations along the project road. Table 2-30: Stretches requiring Embankment raising along the Project Roads Start End Approx. Raising Reason/ remarks Chainage Chainage Length (m) Height (m) (km) (km) Road: Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 23/960 24/100 140 0.6 Dip portion, to be raised 25/900 25/960 60 0.6 Dip portion, to be raised 26/320 26/480 160 1 Water on road during rain 27/520 27/620 100 0.6 Road flushing with ground levels 29/560 29/760 200 0.6 Road flushing with ground levels 35/280 35/520 240 2 Causeway location 48/720 48/820 100 0.6 Dip portion, to be raised Road: Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Road level almost flushing with ground 0/700 0/800 100 0.6 and water flow above road Road at ground level and water from 5/880 5/960 80 0.6 hills come to the road 0.6 Water gets accumulated near to the 8/200 8/600 400 road 12/700 13/300 600 Water gets stagnated all the time on left DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-42 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Start End Approx. Raising Reason/ remarks Chainage Chainage Length (m) Height (m) (km) (km) 0.6 side 26260 26/500 240 2.0 Causeway location Road flushes with the ground and water 32/600 33/060 460 0.6 stagnant on the side Road flushing with ground levels and 16/100 16/200 100 0.6 dip portion Road flushing with ground levels and 18/400 18/650 250 0.6 dip portion Road: Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 19/500 19/700 200 0.6 Dip portion, to be raised 72/100 72/600 500 0.6 Road flushing with ground levels 74/000 74/300 300 0.6 Road flushing with ground levels Source: Detailed Project Report Design Speed Design speed is the basic parameter, which governs the geometric characteristics of the road. It is related to the function of the road and terrain conditions. Design speeds, based on the function of the road and terrain condition, as per IRC: 73-1980 for urban areas is followed. The speed adopted for the project roads are given in Table 2-30. Table 2-31: Adopted Design Speed Design Speed (km/h) Project Road Rural (Maximum) Urban (Maximum) Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - 80 65 Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari 80 65 Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil- 80 65 Tirunelveli section of SH-41 Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I 2. Design of Intersections Accident data reveals number of accidents at intersection account for almost 30 -40% of all reported road accidents in India. During the detailed design proposal, all major and minor junctions have been studied thoroughly with respect to traffic volume and geometric. The important minor junctions leading to villages and major settlements have been identified and proper junction layouts (including road markings and traffic signs) have been applied as per DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-43 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 IRC-SP: 41-1994. The major and minor junction proposal along the project roads are as follows: Table 2-32: Junction proposals along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram - Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 Existing Design Sl. Type of Junction Chainage (km) Chainage Cross Road leads to No. (+,T,Y) (km) MAJOR JUNCTIONS 1 22/530 22/535 T Sivakasi (MDR) 2 56/750 56/770 Y Madurai (NH) MINOR JUNCTIONS 1 29/940 29/850 T(RHS) Renugadeviellammalkovil 2 30/070 30/000 X(BOTH) Panyauthu,Aandipatty 3 31/500 31/405 T(RHS) Vengadachalapuram 4 31/775 31/690 T(LHS) Vinayaka Nagar 5 31/855 31/770 T(LHS) Layoutarea 6 33/155 34/090 T(LHS) Puliyangudi 7 36/140 36/020 Y(RHS) Aiyyaneri 8 36/290 36/170 T(RHS) Supanagar 9 36/525 36/405 T(LHS) Pudu Appalari 10 37/370 37/275 T(RHS) House 11 37/415 37/310 T(LHS) House 12 38/260 38/155 T(LHS) Appanery 13 41/770 41/657 X(BOTH) To Railway Station, To Jothinagar 14 41/915 41/800 T(LHS) Kovilpatti 15 43/690 43/570 X(BOTH) Pallakknagar 16 44/410 44/300 T(LHS) To Pond 17 46/875 46/765 T(RHS) Local 18 46/945 46/835 T(LHS) Kalugsala Puram 19 48/100 48/000 T(LHS) Sidhambarapuram 20 51/155 51/125 T(RHS) Kulathuvapatti 21 51/745 51/705 X(RHS) Matha Puram 22 52/190 52/180 X(BOTH) To Jamin Usilampatti,To Kelamwalam 23 52/340 52/335 T(LHS) To Ragul Plant 24 53/725 53/750 T(LHS) To Ladies Hostel 25 54/245 54/280 X(RHS) Street Road 26 54/320 54/360 T(RHS) Iraatchi 27 54/400 54/440 T(RHS) Iraatchi 28 54/660 54/700 Staggered(BOTH) To Kadalayuar,To Bazaar 29 54/975 55/040 T(LHS) To Govt Office 30 55/730 55/780 T(RHS) Street 31 56/060 56/020 T(LHS) To Madhurai DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-44 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Existing Design Sl. Type of Junction Chainage (km) Chainage Cross Road leads to No. (+,T,Y) (km) 32 56/330 56/385 T(RHS) Street Road 33 56/360 56/415 T(RHS) Street Road Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I Table 2-33: Junction proposals along Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 Existing Design Type of Junction Sl. No. Cross Road leads to Chainage (km) Chainage (km) (+,T,Y) MAJOR JUNCTIONS 1 0/280 0/350 Y (MDR – 292) Moolakaraipati 2 20/735 20/720 X (SH – 93) Saathangulam, Valliyur Y (SH -Start of 3 26/884 26/800 Bypass) Thisayanvilai 4 30/295 29/672 Y (SH-End of Bypass) Thisayanvilai 5 35/160 34/880 X (SH – 176) Thirusanthuir, Kaniyakumari MINOR JUNCTIONS 1 0/000 0/000 T(BOTH SIDE) Nanguneri, Kanniakumari 2 2/225 2/200 T(LHS) Thattankulam 3 2/680 2/640 Y(LHS) Eraippuvare 4 2/724 2/680 Y(LHS) Eraippuvare 5 2/810 2/780 Y(LHS) Eraippuvare 6 3/258 3/300 Y(LHS) Melekaranagar 7 3/646 3/700 T(LHS) Perumal Nagar 8 4/060 4/020 T(RHS) Perumal Nagar 9 4/560 4/530 T(LHS) Karangardh 10 4/820 4/800 T(RHS) Pattarpuram 11 5/227 5/200 Y(RHS) Kamarajar 12 5/725 5/700 T(RHS) Pudhukulam 13 5/825 5/800 T(LHS) Aamankulam 14 6/802 6/800 T(LHS) Poteyer 15 8/086 8/100 Y(RHS) Therkkukariyakulam 16 8/185 8/400 T(LHS) Aalangulam 17 9/084 9/100 T(RHS) Parpanathapuram 18 9/652 9/680 Y(LHS) Sivagurunadar 19 9/797 9/815 Y(LHS) Post Office 20 10/165 10/200 STAGGERED Paapankulam,Veppankulam 21 11/448 11/200 T(RHS) SITUR VILL. 22 12/515 12/575 Y(RHS) Kakan Nagar 23 12/615 12/650 T(LHS) Andu Nagar DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-45 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Existing Design Type of Junction Sl. No. Cross Road leads to Chainage (km) Chainage (km) (+,T,Y) 24 13/603 13/650 T(LHS) Wadakuvijay Nagar 25 14/920 14/980 Y(LHS) Vijayanagaram 26 15/104 15/150 Y(LHS) Vijayanarayanam 27 15/320 15/350 Y(LHS) Santhanamkulam 28 16/628 16650 Y(LHS) Malayankudiyiruppu 29 19/012 19/000 X(BOTH SIDE) Sanganagulam, Temple 30 22/725 22/700 Y(LHS) Rajivgandhinagar 31 23/495 23/500 STAGGERED Nallandhala,Vazhaithootam 32 24/837 24/800 Y(LHS) Kumarapuram 33 25/600 25/500 T(RHS) Ratha Nagar 34 26/085 26/050 T(RHS) NanthanKulam 35 26/348 26/300 Y(LHS) MahathevanKulam 36 30/300 30/000 Y(RHS) Silver city 37 30/354 32/150 Y(RHS) Silver city 38 31/421 31/110 Y(LHS) Edeychi Village 39 31/850 31/550 T(LHS) Upachambad 40 31/932 31/610 T(RHS) Street 41 32/389 32/100 X(RHS) Kuttam,Aanikudi 42 33/000 32/700 Y(LHS) Local Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I Table 2-34: Junction proposals along Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41 Existing Design Sl. Type of Junction Chainage Chainage Cross Road leads to No. (+,T,Y) (km) (km) MAJOR JUNCTIONS 1 17/260 17/220 T (SH-44) Paruvakkudi 2 57/670 58/660 T (ODR) Devarkulam 3 82/790 82/800 Y (SH-U 41) To Madurai MINOR JUNCTIONS 1 2/025 2/000 Staggered(BOTH) Karunkulam,Anna Nagar 2 4/210 4/160 T(LHS) Kothainachiarpuram 3 4/520 4/480 T(RHS) Street 4 5/274 5/200 T(LHS) Ramalingapuram 5 5/474 5/420 T(RHS) Mudukudi 6 6/594 6/540 T(RHS) Desigapuram 7 7/436 7/400 T(RHS) Local 8 9/828 9/800 X(BOTH) Murambu, Asaipuram 9 10/920 10/860 T(LHS) Street DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-46 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Existing Design Sl. Type of Junction Chainage Chainage Cross Road leads to No. (+,T,Y) (km) (km) 10 11/325 11/260 T(RHS) Mangudi 11 11/702 11/640 T(RHS) Permalpatti 12 12/152 12/080 T(RHS) Street 13 12/205 12/140 Y(LHS) Street 14 12/810 12/700 T(LHS) Street 15 12/830 12/740 T(RHS) Panthappuli 16 13/0005 12/960 T(RHS) To College 17 14/409 14/360 T(RHS) Senthattyar Puram 18 15/424 15/360 T(LHS) Rettiyapatti 19 17/020 16/980 T(RHS) Shivagiri 20 17/258 17/220 T(LHS) Paruvakuddi 21 18/068 18/060 T(LHS) Paruvakkudi 22 19/578 19/580 T(LHS) Pacheri 23 20/338 20/340 T(RHS) Rajagiri 24 20/795 20/800 T(LHS) Street 25 21/400 21/400 Y(RHS) Paniyur 26 22/047 22/080 T(LHS) Sennikulam 27 23/507 23/580 Y(LHS) Alagunachiya 28 24/367 24/440 T(RHS) Ramalinga Puram 29 26/078 26/100 T(LHS) Manalour 30 27/115 27/160 X(BOTH) Oppanaiyal Puram,Vadikottai 31 35/876 35/960 T(LHS) Nedunkulam 32 37/325 37/380 Y(RHS) Street 33 38/480 38/540 Staggered(BOTH) Reddiyarpatty,Alankulam 34 40/195 40/260 T(RHS) Street 35 40/570 40/640 T(LHS) Reddiyapaati 36 41/170 41/220 Y(LHS) Ilanthaikulam 37 40/590 41/640 T(LHS) Melaneelithanallur 38 42/210 42/260 Y(RHS) Kalathikulam 39 45/665 45/710 T(RHS) To Thirumalapuram 40 45/990 46/030 Y(LHS) To Ayalpatti 41 47/475 47/920 T(RHS) To Annaimalai Pudur 42 48/037 48/080 Y(LHS) To Kazhugu Malai 43 48/320 48/340 T(RHS) To Panavadali Chathiram 44 49/200 49/210 T(RHS) Local 45 49/915 49/965 T(RHS) To Panavadali Chathiram 46 50/495 50/470 T(LHS) To Narikutty Vilakku 47 52/980 52/995 T(RHS) To Mesiya Puram 48 54/480 54/500 T(LHS) To Kazhugu Malai DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-47 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Existing Design Sl. Type of Junction Chainage Chainage Cross Road leads to No. (+,T,Y) (km) (km) 49 54/575 54/600 T(LHS) Street 50 56/250 56/260 T(RHS) To Adaikalapuram 51 57/667 57/695 T(LHS) To Devar Kulam 52 58/200 58/227 T(RHS) Local 53 54/408 58/435 T(RHS) To Muthu Malai 54 60/340 60/370 T(RHS) To Suppaiya Puram 55 61/805 61/840 Staggered(BOTH) To Maruthapuram 56 62/035 62/060 Y(LHS) To Kanthaswamipuram 57 63/800 63/780 T(LHS) To Erandam Sollan 58 64/285 64/260 Y(RHS) To Ukkiram Kottai 59 64/695 64/670 T(LHS) To Vadakku Slinganallur 60 65/790 65/770 Y(RHS) Ayyanar Temple 61 67/027 67/010 Y(LHS) Keela Pilaiyar Kulam 62 67/845 67/820 T(LHS) Kanarpatti 63 69/600 69/600 T(RHS) Sri Mahalakshmi Nagar 64 69/715 69/720 Y(LHS) Pallikottai 65 69/758 69/760 T(LHS) Local 66 69/990 69/980 T(RHS) Manur 67 70/680 70/670 T(RHS) To Thalangudi 68 71/700 71/680 Staggered(BOTH) To Kumthalaperi/ Ramaswamya Puram 69 72/180 72/160 T(LHS) To Mavadi 70 73/035 73/025 T(RHS) To Karambai 71 74/800 74/780 T(LHS) To Thaalai 72 74/890 78/885 T(RHS) To Madhavakuruchi 73 75/650 75/650 Y(LHS) Local 74 76/710 76/710 T(RHS) To Nariyuthu 75 78/805 78/820 Y(RHS) To Sethurayan Pudur 76 80/230 80/245 Y(LHS) Local 77 80/600 80/620 Y(RHS) To Poorvika Nagar 78 81/100 81/120 Y(LHS) To Thamarabharani Eng College 79 81/935 81/950 Y(RHS) Local 80 82/217 82/240 Staggered(BOTH) To Ramayan Patti Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I 3. Traffic Control Devices and Road Safety Features Traffic control devices and road safety works shall be provided in accordance with Section 9 of the Manual. Traffic Sign Material: High Intensity Micro-Prismatic Grade Sheeting (HIP) (Type IV) shall be provided DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-48 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Crash Barrier: W-beam crash barrier shall be provided along the Project Highway at the identified road side ponds as per Section 9 of the Manual as a minimum. Transverse Rumble strip shall be provided at the sensitive receptors (schools) as a minimum. 4. Roadside Furniture Roadside furniture shall be provided in accordance with the provisions of Section 11 of the Manual. Pedestrian Crossings shall be provided at the juctions along the project roads as a minimum. Overhead traffic signs shall be provided at start and end of project roads. Street Lighting shall be provided as per the Manual at the locations of built-up areas as a minimum provision. If any other locations warrants provision of lighting it shall be provided in consultation with Authority‟s Engineer. 5. Roadside Facilities Following roadside facilities shall be provided along project roads:  Bus Lay-byes  Footpath Bus Bays are provided at places where the bus stoppages are more (Near Urban areas). Bus stops are generally provided at road intersections and minor urban areas where the number of stoppages is minimum Based on the ROW availability, a total of 19 bus bays are proposed along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44. Table 2-35: Bus Bay location for Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 Existing Design S.No. Chainage Chainage Side Village Name (km) (km) 1 22/630 22/625 LHS Naduvapatti 2 24/620 24/620 LHS Mukkutumalai 3 26/220 26/190 LHS Sippiparai 4 26/290 26/350 RHS Sippiparai 5 30/143 30/150 LHS Ilayarasanendhal 6 30/350 30/450 RHS Ilayarasanendhal 7 36/204 36/085 LHS College 8 36/395 36/275 RHS College 9 44/790 44/675 RHS Thittangulam 10 46/810 46/700 RHS Kazhukasalapuram 11 47/010 46/910 LHS Kazhukasalapuram 12 48/010 47/910 RHS Chidambarapuram DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-49 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Existing Design S.No. Chainage Chainage Side Village Name (km) (km) 13 48/186 48/090 LHS Chidambarapuram 14 51/014 50/970 RHS Kumaragiri 15 51/245 51/210 LHS Kumaragiri 16 52/417 52/410 LHS Ilambuvanam 17 52/742 52/735 RHS Ilambuvanam 18 53/230 53/250 LHS Ettaiyapuram (Polytec. College) 19 53/387 53/410 RHS Ettaiyapuram (Polytec. College) Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I A total of 18 bus bays are proposed along Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 Table 2-36: Bus Bay location for Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 Existing Chainage Design Chainage S. No. Side Village Name (km) (km) 1 0/216 0/230 LHS Tattankulam 2 2/138 2/110 LHS Eraippuvare 3 3/962 3/925 LHS Perumalnagar 4 4/150 4/110 RHS Perumalnagar 5 5/910 5/890 LHS Ammankulam 6 8/207 8/205 LHS Supramanyapuram 7 9/090 9/105 LHS Parapanathapuram 8 10/704 10/740 LHS Parapadi 9 10/774 10/810 RHS Parapadi 10 11/995 12/035 LHS Kamarajnagar 11 12/170 12/210 RHS Kamarajnagar 12 13/365 13/410 LHS INS Kattabomman 13 13/415 13/460 RHS INS Kattabomman 14 22/430 22/410 RHS Ariel Nagar 15 23/575 23/555 RHS Nalandala Junction 16 23/590 23/570 LHS Nalandala Junction 17 25/097 25/055 LHS Indranagar 18 25/150 25/110 RHS Indranagar Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I Along the project road section of SH41, 68 no. of bus bays are proposed. Table 2-37: Bus Bay location for Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli Road section of SH-41 Existing Chainage Design Chainage S. No. Side Village Name (km) (km) DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-50 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Existing Chainage Design Chainage S. No. Side Village Name (km) (km) 1. 7/980 7/947 RHS Cholapuram 2. 9/540 9/487 LHS Cholapuram 3. 9/925 9/947 RHS Cholapuram 4. 10/900 10/917 LHS - 5. 11/690 11/697 LHS - 6. 12/800 12/900 LHS - 7. 13/025 13/017 RHS - 8. 14/400 14/312 LHS - 9. 14/540 14/397 RHS - 10. 15/350 15/287 LHS - 11. 15/565 15/507 RHS - 12. 17/260 17/137 LHS - 13. 18/140 18/132 LHS - 14. 21/200 21/172 LHS Kuvalaikanni 15. 21/950 21/207 RHS Kuvalaikanni 16. 21/900 21/912 LHS Kuvalaikanni 17. 22/100 22/192 RHS Kuvalaikanni 18. 24/315 24/372 RHS - 19. 24/450 24/512 LHS - 20. 25/200 25/247 RHS Perumbathor 21. 25/500 25/552 LHS Perumbathor 22. 26/010 26/038 LHS Perumbathor 23. 27/060 27/087 LHS - 24. 27/740 27/787 LHS - 25. 27/800 27/847 RHS - 26. 38/360 38/387 LHS Sanmuganallur 27. 38/470 38/652 RHS Sanmuganallur 28. 40/115 40/117 RHS Grukkalpatty 29. 41/120 41/167 RHS Grukkalpatty 30. 41/430 41/482 LHS Grukkalpatty 31. 42/985 42/997 LHS - 32. 43/020 43/168 RHS - 33. 44/400 44/452 RHS - 34. 44/500 44/567 LHS - 35. 45/600 45/646 RHS - 36. 45/800 45/852 LHS - 37. 47/930 47/997 LHS Panavadalichathiram 38. 48/060 48/122 RHS Panavadalichathiram 39. 48/700 48/747 RHS Panavadalichathiram 40. 49/850 49/897 RHS - 41. 50/670 50/707 LHS - 42. 50/720 50/757 RHS - 43. 54/425 54/450 LHS Vannikonthal DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-51 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Existing Chainage Design Chainage S. No. Side Village Name (km) (km) 44. 54/590 54/632 RHS Vannikonthal 45. 56/320 56/322 RHS Vannikonthal 46. 58/700 58/572 RHS Devarkulam 47. 58/732 58/732 LHS Devarkulam 48. 60/380 60/412 LHS - 49. 61/655 61/692 RHS - 50. 61/900 61/932 LHS - 51. 64/280 64/252 LHS Azhagiyapandi Puram 52. 66/960 66/947 LHS - 53. 67/785 67/767 RHS - 54. 70/570 70/553 RHS Manur 55. 70/870 70/851 LHS Manur 56. 71/775 71/752 LHS - 57. 72/270 72/252 LHS - 58. 73/100 73/092 RHS - 59. 74/550 74/547 LHS - 60. 74/815 74/807 RHS - 61. 76/640 76/637 RHS - 62. 76/730 76/782 LHS - 63. 77/660 77/652 RHS - 64. 78/285 78/287 RHS - 65. 78/740 78/747 RHS - 66. 78/890 78/902 LHS - 67. 80/000 80/017 LHS - 68. 80/175 80/192 RHS - Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I Truck Lay-bye The following procedure was adopted in locating the truck lay-bye:  Surveys were carried out to identify the places where the trucks are regularly parked along the project roads. These places are usually near check posts, petrol bunks, town approaches, major Industries and restaurants/dhabas and at locations where truck repair facilities were available. Rural sections of highway merely have any such locations.  There were no specific parking places for trucks along the project roads. This situation makes the truck drivers park vehicles at various locations in disorder which causes congestion for smooth flow of traffic particularly at town approaches.  Local consultations were held at the places of petty repair shops, restaurants/dhaba etc. and subjective opinion of the drivers regarding necessity of truck lay-bay was gathered. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-52 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 The scenario of existing truck traffic on State Highways is entirely different from that on National Highways as only limited number of vehicles ply on the project roads from time to time and this trend changes during different seasons. Survey details reveal that there is no existing truck lay bye along project roads. Also, no truck lay bye is proposed along project roads. Proposal for Underpasses There is no proposal for pedestrian, cattle and vehicular underpass.along the project roads Footpath Locations: Footpath has been proposed in on both sides in built up areas along the project roads. The location details are as follows: Table 2-38 : Footpath Locations along Project roads Existing Chainage Proposed Chainage Length Location of Builtup S. No. (km) (km) (m) area From To From To Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 1. 27/404 27/715 27/230 27/530 300 Nakkalamuthanpatty 2. 30/202 30/606 30/110 30/510 400 Ilayarasendal 3. 41/312 42/600 41/170 42/470 1300 Kovilpatti 4. 42/600 43/020 42/470 42/900 430 Kovilpatti 5. 43/020 44/675 42/900 44/560 1660 Thittangulam 6. 54/600 56/048 54/440 56/100 1660 Ettaiyapuram Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 1. 20/665 20/990 20/660 20/970 310 Mannarpuram Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 1. 9/390 9/550 9/340 9/500 160 - 2. 9/550 9/700 9/500 9/640 140 - 3. 9/700 10/040 9/640 9/970 330 - 4. 19/890 19/980 19/940 20/020 80 Karivalmvanthanallur 5. 20/000 20/590 20/020 20/590 570 Karivalmvanthanallur 6. 40/835 41/370 40/900 41/380 480 Grukkalpatty 7. 41/370 41/400 41/380 41/450 70 Grukkalpatty 8. 47/650 48/035 47/700 48/100 400 Panavadalichathiram 9. 53/855 54/855 53/900 54/900 1000 Vannikonthal 10. 57/593 58/620 57/620 58/650 1030 Devarkulam 11. 63/987 64/675 63/950 64/650 700 Azhagiyapandipuram 12. 70/010 70/030 70/000 70/020 20 Manur 13. 70/030 70/970 70/020 70/960 940 Manur 14. 70/970 71/040 70/960 71/030 70 Manur DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-53 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Source: Detailed Project Report, Volume I 6. Traffic management during reconstruction: The stretches where the existing road is proposed to be re-graded up-to 1m depth by cutting the existing road, the existing road shall be used partly for traffic during construction with required improvement and safety measures as per the Manual. All other stretches, where the re-grading of existing profile involves more than 1m cutting, diversion shall be provided as per the Manual 2.9 ROAD CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS, NORMS AND GUIDELINES The design standards and specifications were evolved at the commencement of the project preparation. IRC and MoRTH standards and specifications used in the detailed design are listed in the Table 2.39. Modification of IRC design guidelines has been attempted to better tailor the design to specific site conditions in areas such as the application of super elevation for reverse curves, back to back curves in adapting minimum and longitudinal gradients, etc. Table 2-39: List of Design Standards and Specifications S.No. Number designation Title of Standards 1. IRC: 73-1980 Geometric Design Standard for Rural (Non-urban) Highways 2. IRC SP:23-1983 Vertical curves for Highways Guidelines on Design of At-grade intersections in Rural and Urban 3. IRC SP: 41-1994 Areas 4. IRC: 64-1990 Guidelines for capacity of Roads in Rural Areas 5. IRC: 106 – 1990 Guidelines for capacity of urban roads in plain areas 6. IRC SP:15 – 1996 Ribbon Development along Highways and its prevention. 7. IRC: 62-1976 Guidelines for control of Access on Highways 8. IRC:35-1997 Code of Practice for Road Markings (First Revision) Recommendations about the Alignment Survey and Geometric 9. IRC: 52-2001 Design of Hill Roads (Second Revision). 10. IRC: 66-1976 Recommended Practice for Sight Distance on Rural Highways Guidelines for Design of Horizontal curves for Highways and 11. IRC: 38-1988 Design Tables (First Revision) 12. IRC:25-1967 Typical Design for Boundary Stones 13. IRC:79-1981 Recommended Practice for Road Delineators 14. MOST- 1992 Typical Designs for Intersections on National Highways 15. IRC: 80 – 1981 Typical Designs for Bus stops on Rural (i.e., Non-urban) Highways. 16. IRC: 67 – 2001 Code of Practice for Road Signs (First Revision) 17. IRC: 31 – 1969 Route Marker Signs for State Routes 18. IRC: 26 – 1967 Typical Design for 200 metre Stones 19. IRC: 8 – 1980 Typical Designs for Highway Kilometre Stones (Second Revision) MoRTH Specifications for Roads & Bridge works (2001) (Fourth 20. MoRTH 2001 Revision) 21. IRC: 39 – 1986 Standard for Road Rail level crossings (First Revision) Tentative Guide lines on the provision of speed breakers for control 22. IRC: 99 – 1988 of vehicles speeds on minor roads. Standard letters and numerals of different heights for use on 23. IRC: 30 – 1968 Highway Signs. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-54 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 S.No. Number designation Title of Standards 24. IRC: 54 – 1974 Lateral and vertical clearance at underpasses for vehicular traffic. 25. MOST – Sep 1998 Manual for Safety in Road Design. 26. IRC: 58 – 2002 Guideline for Design of Rigid Pavement Guideline for Design of Continuous Reinforced Concrete Pavement 27 IRC: 101 – 1988 (CRCP) 2.10 PROJECT COST The total estimated project cost for Naduvapatti - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram Road (Km 22/400 to Km 56/100), SH44 is about INR 182.7 Crore (Cr), for Nanguneri - Bharatavaram -Ovari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 36/030) upto ECR Junction, SH89 is INR 163.9 Cr and for Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli, SH 41 is INR 354.2 Crores. The tentative EMP budget which includes the mitigation and enhancement measures for all three project roads is approximately INR 15.0 Cr. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2-55 CHAPTER 3 ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATORY FRAMEWORK HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 3 ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATORY FRAME WORK 3.1 APPLICABLE REGULATIONS This chapter presents the review of the existing institutions and legislations relevant to the environmental issues in this project at the national and state levels. The various statutory clearances from various state and central government authorities and the institutional and legal frameworks are discussed in the following paragraphs. 3.1.1 Legal Framework of Government of India The Government of India has laid out various policy guidelines, acts and regulations pertaining to sustenance of environment. The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 provides umbrella legislation for the protection of environment. As per this Act, the responsibility to administer the legislation has been jointly entrusted to the Central Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEF & CC) and the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) / State Pollution Control Board (SPCB). More details on the legal framework of Government of India and State Government regulations and clearance procedures are envisaged in the following paragraphs. 3.1.2 Key Environmental Laws and Regulations The lists of most relevant Government of India regulations are provided in the Table 3-1. Table 3-1 : Environmental Legal Framework as per GoI Sl.No Act/Rules Year Objective Applicable Reason for Authority Yes/No applicability 1. Environmental 1986 To protect and Yes As all MoEF & CC. (Protection) Act improve overall environmental Gol; DoE, environment notifications, State Gov. rules and CPCB; SPCB schedules are issued under this act. 2. Environmental 2006 To provide No This notification MoEF & CC. Impact environmental is NOT SEIAA Assessment clearance to new applicable to all (EIA) development the three Notification activities Project roads, following as they do not environmental attract the impact conditions of assessment obtaining prior environmental clearance as per the Notification. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3-1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Sl.No Act/Rules Year Objective Applicable Reason for Authority Yes/No applicability 3. Forest 1980 To check No The project Forest (Conservation) deforestation by roads do not Department, Act restricting pass through GoTN conversion of forest land. forested areas into non- forested areas 4. MoEF & CC 1998 Protection / No Roadside tree MoEF & CC circular on planting plantation in linear roadside strip as Tamil Nadu Plantation on avenue/strip does not come roadside, plantations as under the forest canals and these are act. railway lines declared modifying the protected forest applicability of areas. provisions of forest (Conversation) Act, to linear Plantation 5. Water 1974 To control water Yes This act will be SPCB (Prevention pollution by applicable and Control of controlling during Pollution) Act emission & construction for and Cess Act Water pollutants (establishments of 1977 as as per the of hot mix plant, amended in prescribed construction 1988 standards camp, workers' camp, etc. 6. Air (Prevention 1981 To control air Yes This act will be SPCB and Control of pollution by applicable Pollution) Act controlling during as amended in emission and air construction; for 1987 pollutants obtaining NOC according to for prescribed establishment standards of hot mix plant, workers' camp, construction camp, etc. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3-2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Sl.No Act/Rules Year Objective Applicable Reason for Authority Yes/No applicability 7. Noise Pollution 2000 Noise pollution Yes This act will be SPCB (Regulation regulation and applicable as and Control) controls vehicular noise rules 2000 on project routes required to assess for future years and necessary protection measure need to be considered in design. 8. Biological 2002 To provide Preserve Diversity Act mechanism for Biological equitable resources sharing of benefits arising out use of traditional biological resources and knowledge 9. Environmental 1986 Eco sensitive Yes This act is Chief (Protection) Act zone around applicable as Conservator sanctaury Wildlife Wildlife, sanctuary fall Wildlife Wing, within 10km Forest radius from SH Department, 89 and SH41 GoTN project road sections 10. Ancient 1959 Conservation of No This act not Archaeological Monuments Cultural and applicable as Dept. Gol, and Historical the project Indian Archaeological remains found in routes are not Heritage sites & India close to any Society and Remains Act Ancient Indian Monument, National Trust declared for Art and protected under Culture the act. Heritage (INTACH). DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3-3 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Sl.No Act/Rules Year Objective Applicable Reason for Authority Yes/No applicability 11. Notification for 2009 Promoting the Yes Coal based use of fly ash utilization of fly Tuticorin ash in the Thermal Power manufacture of Plant building (2X500MW) materials and in located at construction Harbour Estate, activity within a Tuticorin fall specified radius within 100km of one hundred radius of all the kilometers from three project coal or lignite roads. based thermal power plants 12. The Explosives 1884 An Act to Yes For transporting SPCB Act (& Rules) regulate the and storing manufacture, diesel, bitumen possession, use, etc. sale, transport, import and export of Explosives 13. Public Liability 1991 Protection form Yes Contractor need SPCB Insurance Act hazardous to stock materials and hazardous accidents. material like diesel, Bitumen, Emulsions etc. 14. Coastal 2011 To regulate No All the three SCZMA, MoEF Regulation activities in the project roads & CC Zone coastal zone to are far away protect from coast line ecologically sensitive areas. 15. Hazardous 2008. Storage, Yes Storage and SPCB Wastes handling, handling of (Management, transportation hazardous Handling and and disposal of waste during Transboundary hazardous waste construction Movement) Rules DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3-4 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Sl.No Act/Rules Year Objective Applicable Reason for Authority Yes/No applicability 16. Municipal Solid 2000 Management Yes For disposal of SPCB Wastes and handling of solid waste (Management solid waste generated & Handling) during Rules construction 17. Batteries 2010 Management Yes Safe disposal of SPCB (Management and handling of used lead & Handling) used lead batteries Amendment batteries Rules 18. E-Waste 2011 Effective Yes Handling of e- SPCB (Management mechanism to waste & Handling) regulate Rules generation, collection, storage, transport, import, export, recycling, treatment and disposal of e- wastes. 19. Central Motor 1988 To control Yes This rule will be Motor Vehicle Vehicles Act vehicular air and applicable to Department Tamil Nadu noise pollution. road users and Motor Vehicle construction Rules machinery. 20. Minor Mineral 1960 For opening new Yes Regulate use of District and concession quarry. minor minerals Collector Rules like stone, soil, river sand etc. 21. The Mining Act 1952 The mining act Yes The Department of has been construction of mining, GoTN notified for safe project road will and sound require mining activity. aggregates. These will be procured through mining from quarries DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3-5 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Sl.No Act/Rules Year Objective Applicable Reason for Authority Yes/No applicability 22. National Forest 1988 To maintain NO This policy will Forest Policy 1952 ecological not be Department, National Forest stability through applicable as Gol and GoTN Policy(Revised) preservation and NO eco restoration of sensitive biological feature exists diversity. along the project corridor. 23. The Right to Fair 2013 Set out rules for Yes This act will be Revenue Compensation fair compensation applicable as Department and and acquisition of there will be State Transparency in land acquisition of Government. land for Land Acquisition, widening, Rehabilitation geometric and improvements Resettlement and Act realignments. 3.1.2.1 Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 The Environment (Protection) Act was enacted in 1986 with the objective of providing for the protection and improvement of the environment. It empowers the Central Government to establish authorities [under section 3(3)] charged with the mandate of preventing environmental pollution in all its forms and to tackle specific environmental problems that are peculiar to different parts of the country. The Act was last amended in 1991. Under this act specified rules for discharge/emission of effluents and different standards for environmental quality. These include Ambient Noise Standard, Emission from Motor Vehicles, Mass Emission Standard for Petrol Driven Vehicles, General Effluent Standards etc. especially important for road project. This act will be applicable during all three phases of project namely Pre-construction, Construction and Operational phase. The following rules, notifications and standards under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 are particularly relevant in this case: i. Noise Pollution (Regulation & Control) Rules, 2003 and its amendments ii. EIA Notification, 14th September 2006 and its amendments iii. Ash Utilization Notification, 1999 and its amendments iv. National Ambient Air Quality Standards and its amendments 3.1.2.2 Environmental Impact Assessment Notification 2006: The primary responsibility for administration and implementation of the GoI policy with respect to conservation, ecologically sustainable development and pollution control rests with the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEF & CC). The MoEF & CC is responsible to enforce the regulations established pursuant to the National DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3-6 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Conservation Strategy, National Forest Policy, the Policy for Abatement of Pollution (1992) and the Indian Environmental Protection Act 1986, revised in 1994 and amendments thereafter. The GoI EIA Notification on Environmental Clearances (September 14, 2006) replacing the EIA Notification of 1994, sets out the requirement for Environmental Assessment in India. This states that Environmental Clearance (EC) is required for specified activities/projects, and this must be obtained before any construction work or land preparation (except land acquisition) may commence. Projects are categorized as A or B depending on the scale of the project and the nature of its impacts. The categorisation for highways and roads projects is as below: Project or Category with threshold limit Conditions if Activity A B any 7(f) Highways i) New National Highways and i) All New State Highway General Condition projects shall apply ii) Expansion of National Note: Highway Highways greater than 100 ii) State Highway include km involving additional right expansion projects in expressways of way or land acquisition hilly terrain (above greater than 40m on existing 1,000m AMSL) and or alignments and 60m on re- ecologically sensitive alignments or by-passes. areas Source: MoEF & CC Notification 2006 and amendments thereafter Category A projects requires EC from the national Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEF & CC). Category B projects require environmental clearance from the State Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA). General Condition (GC): Any project or activity specified in Category „B‟ will be treated as Category A, if located in whole or in part within 10 km from the boundary of: (i) Protected Areas notified under the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972, (ii) Critically Polluted areas as notified by the Central Pollution Control Board from time to time, (iii) Notified Eco-sensitive areas, (iv) inter-State boundaries and international boundaries. The project roads (Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700) Section of SH44, Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200) Section of SH 89 and Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41) considered as Phase-I roads under TNRSP-II are State Highways and do not attract the conditions of obtaining prior environmental clearance as per EIA Notification 2006 and amendments thereafter. 3.1.2.3 Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980: The Forest Conservation Act 1980 was enacted to help conserve the country's forests. It strictly restricts and regulates the de-reservation of forests or use of forest land for non-forest DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3-7 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 purposes without the prior approval of Central Government. The Act lays down the pre- requisites for the diversion of forest land for non-forest purposes. At the state level, the government was empowered to declare Reserved and Protected Forests and was also given the authority to acquire land for extension and preservation of the forests. The process of obtaining forest clearance under this varies with the area of the forestland to be diverted.  If the area of forests to be cleared or diverted exceeds 40 hectares, the State Government/Union Territory Forest Department would forward the proposal with recommendations to MoEF & CC, Delhi.  If the forest land is between 5 and 40 hectares, the State Government/Union Territory Forest Department processes the proposal, but the permission is issued by MoEF & CC Regional Office.  If the forest land is less than or equal to 5 hectare the State Government/Union Territory Forest Department can give permission.  Restrictions and clearance procedure proposed in the Forest (Conservation) Act applies wholly to the natural forest areas, even in case the protected/designated forest area does not have any vegetation cover. No forest land diversion is involved in „Upgrading of Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700) Section of SH44, Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200) Section of SH 89 and Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800) Section of SH41‟. 3.1.2.4 The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 This act resulted in the establishment of the Central and State level Pollution Control Boards whose responsibilities include managing water quality and effluent standards, as well as monitoring water quality, prosecuting offenders and issuing licenses for construction and operation of any facility. This will include generation of liquid effluent during construction of road from Civil Engineering activities or from domestic activities in workers colony. There are specific penalties for violation, which include imprisonment for responsible officials. 3.1.2.5 The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 This act empowers Central and State Pollution Control Boards for managing air quality and emission standards, as well as monitoring air quality, prosecuting offenders and issuing licenses for construction and operation of any facility. There are specific penalties for violation, which include imprisonment for responsible officials. This Act has notified National Ambient Air Quality Standard for different regions e.g. Industrial, Residential and Sensitive. Air quality during construction and operation phases will be guided by this specific act. 3.1.2.6 Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) rules 2000 These rules provide ambient air quality standards in respect of noise for different areas/zones. It also provides responsibility of concerned authority as to enforcement of DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3-8 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Noise Pollution Control Measures, restrictions on the use of loud speakers/public address system, horns, sound emitting construction equipment and bursting of fire crackers, consequences of any violations in silence zone/area, complaints to be made to the authority and power to prohibit continuance of music sound or noise. 3.1.2.7 Biological Diversity Act, 2002 Biological Diversity Act, 2002 is a federal legislation enacted by the Parliament of India for preservation of biological diversity in India, and provides mechanism for equitable sharing of benefits arising out use of traditional biological resources and knowledge. The Act was enacted to meet the obligations under Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), to which India is a party. The act also includes setting up of National Biodiversity Authority (NBA), State Biodiversity Board (SBB) and Biodiversity Management Committee‟s. (BMC‟s). 3.1.2.8 Wild Life Protection Act, 1972 The Wild Life (Protection) Act 1972 was enacted with the objective of effectively protecting the wildlife of this country and to control poaching, smuggling and illegal trade in wildlife and its derivatives. The Act was amended in January 2003 and punishment and penalty for offences under the Act have been made more stringent. The Ministry has proposed further amendments in the law by introducing more rigid measures to strengthen the Act. The objective is to provide protection to the listed endangered flora and fauna and ecologically important protected areas. It has allowed the government to establish a number of National Parks and Sanctuaries over the past 25 years, to protect and conserve the flora and fauna of the State. National Board for Wildlife is the apex body constituted under the Act. The Chief Wildlife Warden is the authority who shall control, manage and maintain all sanctuaries and for that purpose, within the limits of any sanctuary. The Act states that no construction of commercial tourist lodges, hotels, zoos and safari parks shall be undertaken inside a sanctuary except with the prior approval of the National Board. 3.1.2.9 The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act, 1958 According to this Act, area within radius of 100m and 200m from the “protected property” are designated as “prohibited area” and “regulated area” respectively. No development activity (including building, mining, excavation, blasting) is permitted in the “ prohibited area” and development activities likely to damage the protected property are not permitted in the “regulated area” without prior permission of the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) if the site/remains/monuments are protected by ASI or the State Department of Archaeology if these are protected by the State. 3.1.2.10 Fly Ash Notification, 2009 According to the Notification No. S.O. 763(E), dated 14.09.1999 and its amendment on 27.08.2003 and notification S.O. 2804(E) dated 3rd November 2009 by MoEF & CC, it is DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3-9 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 mandatory to use fly ash within a radius of 100 kilometers of Thermal Power Plant. Agency, person or organization shall within a radius of 100 kilometer of Thermal Power Plant undertake construction or approve design for construction of roads of flyover embankments in contravention of the guidelines/ specification issued by the Indian Road Congress (IRC) as contained in IRC specification No. SP: 56 of 2001. Any deviation from this direction can only be agreed to technical reasons if the same is approved by Chief Engineer (Design) or Engineer-in-chief of the concerned agency or organization or on production of certificate of “Pond ash not available” from the Thermal Power Plant(s) located within 100 kilometers of the site construction. This certificate shall be provided by TPP within two working days from the date of making request for fly ash. Soil required for top or side cover of embankment of roads or flyovers shall be excavated from the embankment site and it is not possible to do so, only the minimum quantity of the soil required for the purpose shall be excavated from soil borrow area. In either case, the topsoil should be kept or stored separately. Voids created due to soil borROW area shall be filled up with ash with proper compaction and covered with top soil kept separately as mentioned above. No agency, person or organization shall within a radius of 100 kilometers of coal or lignite based Thermal Power Plant is allowed for reclamation and compaction of low lying areas with soil. Only pond ash shall be used for compaction. They shall also ensure that such reclamation and compaction is done in accordance with the bye-laws, regulation and specification laid down by authorities. 3.1.2.11 The Explosives Act (& Rules), 1884 This Act regulates the manufacture, possession, use, sale (transport, import and export) of Explosives. 3.1.2.12 Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991 An Act to provide for public liability insurance for the purpose of providing immediate relief to the persons affected by accident occurring while handling any hazardous substance and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. 3.1.2.13 Coastal Regulation Zone Notification, 2011 This Act classifies the Coastal Regulation Zones in four categories i.e., CRZ I, II, III and IV for the purpose of conserving and protecting the coastal areas and marine waters. This act also specifies the activities prohibited and allowed in these CRZs. CRZ clearance is sought from MoEF & CC, Delhi Office. 3.1.2.14 Hazardous Wastes (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2008 These rules classified hazardous waste into 18 categories in its Schedule-I based on the constituents present. The Government of India amended the Rules in the year 2000 (principally to bring them in compliance with the Basel Convention) and further in the year DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3-10 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 2003 (to include Environmentally Sound Technologies for recycling of Hazardous Waste) and year 2008 (to include Trans boundary movement of Hazardous Waste) 3.1.2.15 Municipal Solid Wastes (Management & Handling) Rules 2000 The Central Government notified the rules under Sections 3, 6 and 25 of the Environment (Protection) Act 1986 for the purpose of managing municipal and urban wastes/garbage in an environmentally sound manner. Every municipal authority is responsible to develop a system for scientific disposal of garbage through composting and engineered landfill. 3.1.2.16 Batteries (Management & Handling) Amendment Rules, 2010 These rules are applicable to every manufacturer, importer, re-conditioner, assembler, dealer, recycler, auctioneer, consumer and bulk consumer involved in manufacture, processing, sale, purchase and use of batteries or components thereof for proper management and handling of used lead batteries. 3.1.2.17 E-Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 2011 This law mandates producers of electronic equipment to ensure that e-waste is collected, transported to specific collection, dismantling and processing units, and safely disposed under the principle of Extended Producer Responsibility or EPR. Sale of electronic scrap under Schedule 1 (governing most commonly used electronics) to any unauthorized or unlicensed vendors or dealers (including "kabadiwalas") is strictly illegal. 3.1.2.18 The Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 In 1988, the Indian Motor Vehicles empowered the State Transport Authority to enforce standards for vehicular pollution and prevention control. The Authority also checks emission standards of registered vehicles, collects road taxes and issues licenses. In August 1997, the Pollution Under Control Certificate (PUC) programme was launched in an attempt to crackdown on the vehicular emissions in the states. 3.1.2.19 National Environment Policy, 2006 This policy widely covers all the major environmental issues including but not limiting to the 'Forests of India, Forest Policy, Legal Framework, Ecological Security, Emerging Needs and Goals of Forestry Sector, Constraints and Threats, Forest Conservation, Wildlife and Nature Conservation, Forests of the North-East, Forests, Local Communities and Peoples' Participation, Agro-forestry and Social Forestry, Research and Applications, Forestry institutions, Forest Administration, Personnel Management, Forests and industries, international Forest-related instruments, Forests in National Resource Accounting, Centre- State Relation, Financial Support, implementation and aftermath and the Recommendations. 3.1.2.20 National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 An Act to provide for the establishment of a National Green Tribunal for effective and expeditious disposal of cases relating to environmental protection and conservation of forests and other natural resources including enforcement of any legal right relating to DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3-11 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 environment and giving relief and compensation for damages to persons, property and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. 3.1.2.21 The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 In India, a new bill, Land Acquisition and Rehabilitation and Resettlement Bill has been passed by the Parliament in 2013 to repeal the Land Acquisition Act of 1894. This is the first National/ Central Law on the subject of Rehabilitation & Resettlement of families affected and displaced as a result of land acquisition. Only R&R provisions will apply when private companies purchase land for a project, and the same exceeds the area thresholds set by the State Governments for such purchase. As per this Act, compensation will be given within a period of three months from the date of the award. Where an award has been made but the affected individuals have not accepted compensation or have not yet given up possession, and the proceedings have been pending for 5 years or more, provisions of the new law will apply. This Act stipulates mandatory consent of at least 70% of affected people for acquiring land for Public Private Partnership (PPP) projects and 80% for acquiring land for private companies. Under the new legislation, compensation for the owners of the acquired land will be four times the market value in rural areas and twice in urban areas. It also stipulates that the land cannot be vacated until the entire compensation is awarded to the affected parties. 3.1.3 Environmental Legislation Framework of the State Table 3-2 provides the specific laws and policies that are formulated by Tamil Nadu State government for achieving certain level of sustainability in the human actions. Table 3-2 : Environmental Legal Framework of Tamil Nadu State Sl.No Applicable GOI Acts Year Objective Applicability 1 Tamil Nadu State 2012 Sustainable development of the Direct Environment Policy (Draft) State 2 Tamil Nadu State Water 1994 To protect and conserve water Direct Policy resources 3 Tamil Nadu Water 1983 To control water pollution by Direct (Prevention and Control of controlling emission & Water Pollution) Rules pollutants as per the prescribed standards 4 Tamil Nadu Air (Prevention 1983 To control air pollution by Direct and Control of pollution) controlling emission and air Rules pollutants according to prescribed standards 5 Tamil Nadu Groundwater 2000 To protect groundwater Direct (Development and resources, to provide safeguards Management) Bill against hazards of its over exploitation and to ensure its planned development and DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3-12 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Sl.No Applicable GOI Acts Year Objective Applicability management in the State of TN and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto 6 Tamil Nadu Aquaculture 1995 For regulation of coastal Indirect (Regulation) Act aquaculture in the State 7 Tamil Nadu Ancient and 1971 Provides procedure for moving Direct Historical monuments and antiquities Archaeological sites and remains Rule 8 Costal Regulation Zone in 2011 Identifying and categorizing the Indirect Tamil Nadu coastal areas up to 500 meters from the high tide line 9 EIA Notification by MOEF & 2006 Establishment of the State level Not Applicable CC environmental impact assessment authority for environmental clearance of Category B projects. 10 2009 Promoting the utilization of fly Direct Fly Ash Notification ash in the manufacture of building materials and in construction activity within a specified radius of one hundred kilometers from coal or lignite based thermal power plants 11 Tamil Nadu Forest Act 1882 Protection of wildlife (wild Direct animals, defined plants and birds) and to control poaching, smuggling and illegal trade in wildlife and its derivatives. 3.1.3.1 The Tamil Nadu Highways Bill, 2000 The Tamil Nadu Highways Bill, 2000 was introduced in the Legislative Assembly of the state on 13-11-2000. Objective of the bill is stated as: “To provide for the declaration of certain highways to be State Highways, restriction of ribbon development along such highways, prevention and removal of encroachment thereon, construction, maintenance and development of highways and levy of betterment charges and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto” It provides for a legal status to the assets and premises of the highways along with functions and powers with the highways authorities to protect and maintain them. It specifically empowers highways authority towards restriction of Ribbon development, acquisition of property, prevention and removal of encroachments, restriction of heavy traffic and also the road safety. Penalties can be levied under the provisions of the bill for causing damage to highways properties and unauthorised occupation of the highways land. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3-13 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 3.1.3.2 Tamil Nadu Groundwater (Development and Management) Act, 2003 The Tamil Nadu legislature passed the Ground Water (Development and Management) Act and the Act came into force after receiving the assent of the President in March 2003. The Act is applicable to the whole State of Tamil Nadu except the Chennai Metropolitan Area which is governed by a separate Act. “An Act to protect groundwater resources to provide safeguards against h azards of its over exploitation and to ensure its planned development and proper management in the State of Tamil Nadu and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.” The act empowers the government through the Tamil Nadu Groundwater Authority to develop, control, regulate and administer the groundwater in the state by ensuring its optimal and efficient utilization. The act also provides for conjunctive use of surface and groundwater. The act also provides for registration of new users of wells and also prohibition of sinking wells in notified areas without permit. It empowers the authority penalize the activities not in accordance with the act regarded as offences. 3.1.3.3 The Tamil Nadu Town and Country Planning Act, 1971: “An Act to provide for planning the development and use of rural and urban land in the State of Tamil Nadu and for purposes connected therewith”. The Act provides for the preparation and implementation of Regional Plans, Master Plans, New Town Development Plans and Detailed Development Plans and other various spatial plans. The act ensures implementation through various developmental controls and polices that would be incorporated in the spatial plans. The developmental plan is being implemented at various levels through the Directorate of Town and Country planning. These plans form the basis for land use regulations within the planned area. 3.1.3.4 Tamil Nadu Panchayats Act 1994 The Tamil Nadu Panchayats Act, 1994 is an act to repeal and re-enact the Tamil Nadu Panchayats Act 1958 for establishing a three tier panchayat raj system in keeping with the seventy –third amendment Act, 1992. It relates to the panchayats for greater participation of the people so as to make them institutions of self government and more effective implementation of rural development programmes. The Act provides for preparation and implementation of District Development Plans. Plan preparation is enforced from the Panchayat level, Panchayat union, Panchayat council, village panchayats, town panchayats, municipal councils and the municipal corporation towards overall development plans. District Planning Committee is responsible for the overall coordination of plan preparation. The act also provides for avoidance of encroachment of public lands and protection of roadside properties (including trees) belonging to the respective government departments. The act is designed to monitor the industrial land use through the following clause under section 160: No person shall, without the permission of the panchayat union council in panchayat villages and except in accordance with the conditions specified in such permission, construct or DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3-14 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 establish any factory, workshop or workplace in which it is proposed to employ steam power, water power or other mechanical power or electrical power. 3.1.3.5 Tamil Nadu Aquaculture (Regulation) Act, 1995 The act is meant for regulation of coastal aquaculture in Tamil Nadu. It is administered through the Directorate of Fisheries at state level and District committee at the district level. The act provides for issue of licenses for setting up of any new aquaculture farm or expansion of the same. Aquaculture farms setup before the existence of the act is also to be registered with the District Committee setup for the purpose. The act prohibits setting up of aquaculture farms in areas (termed as prohibited area) as: “Wetlands including biodiversity rich areas mangrove swamps, migratory bird routes, breeding grounds, sanctuaries, national parks, biosphere reserves designated as protected areas or areas committed to community conservation or prediction forestry, place of heritage or place of worship, grey or dark areas in the map prepared by the Public Work Department (Groundwater).” Certain minimum distances as 300m for villages with population less than 500, 500m for villages with population more than 500 and 2 km from any place of heritage. A buffer zone of 50 to 100m is to be maintained between aquaculture zone and non-aquaculture zone in case of sea-based aquafarms and 25 to 50m, in case of estuarine based farms. No aquaculture farm is envisaged to extract ground water for culture purpose. The act empowers Directorate of Fisheries to penalize the offenders of provisions of the act by cancellation of licenses and/or levying of fines. 3.1.3.6 Tamil Nadu State Environment Policy (Draft), 2012: The State environment policy will strive to look at the regulatory framework, its adequacy, the awareness levels among the stakeholders, the recent judicial pronouncements and participation of technical institutions/industries in furthering the cause of environment. The Thrust Areas: Key Issues and Major Interventions are as follows: a. Air Quality: local pollution hot spots and status of current actions b. Water Quality: domestic and industrial pollution flow into water bodies and status of various interventions. c. Pollution abatement in rivers, lakes and water bodies. d. Waste Management: Municipal Solid Waste and status of adherence to MSW 2000 rules; bio-medical waste; plastic waste; hazardous waste; electronic waste, e. Coastal Zone Management : Impact on coastal regulation zone of various economic activities; progress on integrated coastal zone management. 3.1.3.7 Tamil Nadu State Water Policy, 1994 Tamil Nadu adopted a State Water Policy in 1994 along the lines of the National Water Policy of 1987. Subsequently, the National Water Policy was revised in 2002. Some of the major aspects of the policy are the following:  Importance of water resources in the development of the State.  Need for considering socio-economic aspects of water resource projects. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3-15 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41  Need for basin wide planning for equitable water use.  Priorities for water use in the State.  Management and development of ground water resources.  Watershed management in rainfed areas.  Increase in demand for non-agricultural uses.  Management of water quality and environmental aspects.  Need for a hydrological database for planning and management.  Stakeholder participation in management e.g. water user associations.  Need for proper pricing of water in different sectors The apex institution in the State at the policy level is the Water Resources Control and Review Council chaired by the Chief Minister. The primary agency charged with implementation of the policy is the Water Resources Organisation. The Institute of Water Studies is the nodal agency responsible for water planning while the Irrigation Management Training Institute imparts training to farmers and officials. Domestic water supply (urban and rural) schemes are executed by the Tamil Nadu Water Supply and Drainage Board (TWAD) for the entire State except Chennai Metropolitan Area where MetROWater is the implementing agency. TWAD executes capital projects which are handed over to the concerned local bodies for operation and maintenance. Industrial water pollution is regulated by the Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board. Management of water quality and environmental aspects of rivers and water bodies is being monitored and coordinated by the Department of Environment. 3.1.4 Other Legislation Applicable to Road Construction Projects Environmental issues during road construction stage generally involve equity, safety and public health issues. The road construction agencies require complying with laws of the land, which include inter alia, the following: Workmen's Compensation Act 1923 (the Act provides for compensation in case of injury by accident arising out of and during the course of employment); Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 (gratuity is payable to an employee under the Act on satisfaction of certain conditions on separation if an employee has completed 5 years); Employees PF and Miscellaneous Provision Act 1952 (the Act provides for monthly contributions by the employer plus workers); Maternity Benefit Act, 1951 (the Act provides for leave and some other benefits to women employees in case of confinement or miscarriage, etc.); Contact Labor (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970 (the Act provides for certain welfare measures to be provided by the contractor to contract labour); Minimum Wages Act, 1948 (the employer is supposed to pay not less than the Minimum Wages fixed by appropriate Government as per provisions of the); DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3-16 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Payment of Wages Act, 1936 (it lays down as to by what date the wages are to be paid, when it will' be paid and what deductions can be made from the wages of the workers); Equal Remuneration Act, 1979 (the Act provides for payment of equal wages for work of equal nature to Male and Female workers and not for making discrimination against Female employees); Payment of Bonus Act, 1965 (the Act provides for payments of annual bonus subject to a minimum of 83.3% of wages and maximum of 20% of wages); Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 (the Act lays down the machinery and procedure for resolution of industrial disputes, in what situations a strike or lock-out becomes illegal and what are the requirements for laying off or retrenching the employees or closing down the establishment); Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act; 1946 (the Act provides for laying down rules governing the conditions of employment); Trade Unions Act, 1926 (the Act lays down the procedure for registration of trade unions of workers and employers. The trade unions registered under the Act have been given certain immunities from civil and criminal liabilities); Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) A; 1986 (the Act prohibits employment of children below 14 years of age in certain occupations and processes and provides for regulation of employment of children in all other occupations and processes. Employment of child labour is prohibited in Building and Construction Industry); Inter-State Migrant Workmen‟s (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1979 (the inter-state migrant workers, in an establishment to which this Act becomes applicable, are required to be provided certain facilities such as housing, medical aid, traveling expenses from home to the establishment and back, etc.); The Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 and the Cess Act of 1996 (all the establishments who carry on any building or other construction work and employs 10 or more workers are covered under this Act; the employer of the establishment is required to provide safety measures at the building or construction work and other welfare measures, such as canteens, first-aid facilities, ambulance, housing accommodation for Workers near the workplace, etc.); The Factories Act, 1948 (the Act lays down the procedure for approval of plans before setting up a factory, health and safety provisions, welfare provisions, working hours and rendering information-regarding accidents or dangerous occurrences to designated authorities); Chemical Accidents (Emergency Planning, Preparedness and Response) Rules, 1996. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3-17 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 3.1.5 World Bank Requirements The World Bank's environmental and social safeguard policies are a cornerstone of its support to sustainable poverty reduction. The objective of these policies is to prevent and mitigate undue harm to people and the environment in the development process. These policies provide guidelines for the identification, preparation, and implementation of programs and projects. The World Bank has ten safeguard policies; the details and applicability of the safe guard policies to the Project road are provided in the Table 3.3. Table 3-3: Applicability of WB Safeguard Policies WB Subject Triggered Reason for Mitigation Safeguard Documentation Category or Not Applicability Measures Policy OP 4.01 Environment Triggered Umbrella Policy All necessary EA and EMP Assessment mitigation measures incorporated. OP 4.02 Environmental Triggered For the mitigation Environmental Covered under Action Plan of identified mitigation plan EMP impacts formulated for each identified negative impact. OP 4.04 Natural Triggered Eco-sensitive No widening is Covered under Habitats Forestry and proposed in road EIA/ EMP wildlife related stretches falling issues along Nanguneri - within 10km Bharatavaram buffer zone from Ovari Road upto sanctuary. Only 2 ECR Junction, lane without Section of SH 894. paved shoulder is and Rajapalayam- proposed in these Sankarankoil- stretches. (km Tirunelveli section 0/000 to km of SH-41 5 15/500 on SH89 . and km0/000 to km 6/000 on SH41) OP/BP Forests Not No Reserved or Not Applicable Not Applicable 4.36 Triggered Protected forest within ROW of 4 Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary is located at about 7.5km from Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89. 5 Srivilliputtur Giant Grizzled Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary is located at about 6 km from start point of Rajapalayam- Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3-18 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 WB Subject Triggered Reason for Mitigation Safeguard Documentation Category or Not Applicability Measures Policy project roads OP 4.11 Cultural Triggered A no. of religious Adequate Details covered Property structures is mitigation under RAP & to located within measures minimise any ROW. provided for adverse effect A cultural property affected on the cultural rehabilitation plan structures. properties. to be developed. OP 4.09 Pest Not Not Applicable Not Applicable Not Applicable Management triggered OP 4.20 Indigenous Not No separate Not Applicable Not Applicable People triggered Indigenous people development plan is required for the Project OP/BP Involuntary Triggered Road widening will Adequate Resettlement 4.12 Resettlement lead to loss of mitigation Action Plan livelihoods, loss of measures land and buildings provided in RAP etc. 3.1.5.1 Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01) Environmental Assessment is used in the World Bank to identify, avoid, and mitigate the potential negative environmental impacts associated with Bank‟s lending operations early-on in the project cycle. The policy states that Environment Assessment (EA) and mitigation plans are required for all projects having significant adverse environmental impacts or involuntary resettlement. Assessment should include analysis of alternative designs and sites, or consideration of “no option” and require public participation and information disclosure before the Bank approves the project. In World Bank operations, the purpose of Environmental Assessment is to improve decision making, to ensure that project options under consideration are sound and sustainable, and that potentially affected people have been properly consulted and their concerns addressed. The World Bank's environmental assessment policy and recommended processing are described in Operational Policy (OP)/Bank Procedure (BP) 4.01: Environmental Assessment. The World Bank environment assessment (EA) requirements are based on a four-part classification system as defined by the WB OP4.01 Environment Assessment. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3-19 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Based on type, location, sensitivity, and scale of the project and the nature and magnitude of project‟s potential environmental impacts, the classification is as follows:  Category A : Adverse environmental impacts that are sensitive, diverse, or unprecedented, comprehensive EA is required  Category B : Potential adverse environmental impacts on human populations or environmentally important areas including wetlands, forests, grasslands, and other natural habitats, less adverse than those of Category A projects, EA narROWer then Category A Projects  Category C: Minimal or no adverse environmental impacts. Beyond screening, no further EA action is required  Category FI: Investment of Bank funds through a financial intermediary, in subprojects that may result in adverse environmental impacts. The project roads „Upgrading of Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700) Section of SH44, Nanguneri – Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200) Section of SH 89 and Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800) Section of SH41‟ have been categorised as “Category A” as project has few adverse environmental impacts for which comprehensive EA has been prepared. In addition to OP 4.01, other WB safeguard policies triggered by the project are given as follows: The Project is being complied with the requirements of BP 17.50 on Public Disclosure. Initial consultations were held during environmental and social screening stage. Pre structured Consultations and focussed group discussions were also conducted during project design stage for all the three project roads. Post design follow up consultations are also planned. In addition, environmental and social reports of the TNRSP will be displayed at various district libraries, HD headquarters and other pre determined locations. 3.1.5.2 Natural Habitat (OP 4.04) The policy implementation ensures that Bank-supported development projects give proper consideration to the conservation of natural habitats, in order to safeguard their unique biodiversity and ensure the sustainability of the environmental services and products which natural habitats provide to human society. This policy is applicable when a project (including any subproject under a sector investment or financial intermediary loan) with the potential to cause significant conversion (loss) or degradation of natural habitats, whether directly (through construction) or indirectly (through human activities induced by the project). DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3-20 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 3.1.5.3 Forest Policy (OP 4.36) The implementation of the policy ensures that envisaged forest sector activities and other Bank sponsored interventions which have the potential to impact significantly upon forested areas: (a) Do not encroach upon significant natural forest areas that serve important social, environmental or local economic purposes. (b) Do not compromise the rights of local communities to continue their traditional use of forests in a sustainable fashion. (c) Do not finance commercial logging operations, in the case of primary tropical moist forest, nor any purchase of equipment for this purpose. 3.1.5.4 Cultural Property (OP 4.11) The World Bank Policy OP/BP 4.11 defines physical cultural resources as movable or immovable objects, sites, structures, groups of structures, natural features and landscapes that have archaeological, paleontological, historical, architectural, religious, aesthetic, or other cultural significance. Physical cultural resources may be located in urban or rural settings, and may be above or below ground, or under water. Their cultural interest may be at the local, provincial or national level, or within the international community. The Bank assists countries to avoid or mitigate adverse impacts on physical cultural resources from development projects that it finances. The impacts on physical cultural resources resulting from project activities, including mitigating measures, may not contravene either the borrower‟s national legislation, or its obligations under relevant international environmental treaties and agreements. The borrower addresses impacts on physical cultural resources in projects proposed for Bank financing, as an integral part of the environmental assessment (EA) process. 3.1.6 MoRTH and IRC Specifications 3.1.6.1 Specifications for Road and Bridge Works, Published by IRC All road works in India are to be in accordance with the MoRTH specifications for Road and Bridge works and guidelines of Indian Roads Congress (IRC). The MoRTH specifications have special provisions towards protection of environment under clause 501, Annexure A and the contractor is to satisfy the provisions for control of erosion, drainage, dust suppression, borrow area and haul road management under relevant sections. Provision of Clause 501 Annexure A, cover the environmental aspects as: General:  The contractor shall take all necessary measures and precautions to carry out the work in conformity with the statutory and regulatory environmental requirements.  The contractor shall take all measures and precautions to avoid nuisance or disturbances from the work. It shall be precautionary measures than abatement measures taken after generation of nuisance. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3-21 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41  In the event of any spoil, debris, waste or any deleterious material from site being deposited on adjacent land, the same shall be removed and affected areas shall be restored to its original state Water:  The contractor shall prevent any interference with supply/abstraction of water resources  Water used for dust suppression shall be reused after settlement of material in collected water  Liquid waste products to be disposed off such that it does not cause pollution  No debris is to be deposited or disposed into/adjacent to water courses Air:  The contractor to devise and arrange methods to control dust, gaseous or other airborne emissions in such a way that adverse impacts on air quality is minimized  Dust shall be minimised from stored material and stockpiles by spraying water  Covering of material likely to rise dust during transport is to be covered with tarpaulin  Spraying of water on haul roads if found necessary Noise:  The contractor shall use all necessary measures to reduce noise from construction equipment and maintain all silencing equipment in good condition Control of waste:  No uncontrolled disposal of wastes shall be permitted. The contractor shall make specific provisions for disposal of all forms of fuel and engine oil, all types of bitumen, cement, surplus aggregate, gravels, bituminous mixtures etc. conforming to local regulations and acceptance of the engineer. Emergency Responses: The contractor shall plan and provide for remedial measures in case of occurrence of emergencies as spillage of oil, bitumen or chemicals. In addition to the above conditions, avoidance measures and control of activities having potential for generation of environmental impacts are devised. These include: Section 111 Precautions for safeguarding environment Clause 201.2 Preservation of property/amenities during clearing and grubbing Clause 301.3.2 Stripping and storing of topsoil for reuse during excavation for roadway and drains Clause 302.4 Restriction on timings for blasting operations Clause 304.3.6 Public safety near towns and villages where excavation is carried out Clause 305.2.2 Locations of borrowing and relevant regulations Clause 305.3.3 Stripping and storing of topsoil at borrow locations Clause 306 Soil erosion and sedimentation control Clause 407.4.2 Provisions for tiring on medians and islands Clause 517 Recycling of bituminous pavement and excavated material DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3-22 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Clause 701.2.1 Use of geotextiles for control of soil erosion Clause 810 Use of metal beam crash barriers for safety, relevant regulations and specifications Clause 1010 Quality of water for curing and construction Clause 2501 Precaution during river training works 3.1.7 Clearances and Permissions required for the Project The clearances and permissions required to implement the project roads are summarised below in Table 3-4. Table 3-4: Clearances and Permissions Required for the Project Sl. Type of Clearance Statutory Project Applicability Responsibility No. / Permission Authority stage 1. Tree felling District For roadside tree Pre TNRSP Permission Collector cutting construction 2. Consent to TNPCB For establishment of Pre Contractor Establish under the construction camp, construction Air (Prevention & construction plant, Control of Pollution) crusher, batching Act, 1981 and the plant etc. Water (Prevention &Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 3. Consent to Operate TNPCB For operating Construction Contractor under the Air construction plant, stage (Prevention & crusher, batching (Prior to Control of Pollution) plant etc. initiation of Act, 1981 and the any work Water (Prevention &Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 4. Permission to TN Irrigation Use of surface water Construction Contractor withdraw water for Department for construction stage construction from (Prior to surface water initiation of sources such as any work) Rivers/Ponds 5. Permission to State and Extraction of ground Construction Contractor withdraw ground Central water stage water for Ground Water (Prior to construction from Boards initiation of new sources any work) 6. Permission for TNPCB Manufacture, Construction Contractor storage, handling storage and import stage and transport of of Hazardous (Prior to DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3-23 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Sl. Type of Clearance Statutory Project Applicability Responsibility No. / Permission Authority stage hazardous Chemical initiation of materials any work 7. Explosive License Chief For storing fuel oil, Construction Contractor Controller of lubricants, diesel stage Explosives etc. at construction (Prior to camp initiation of any work) 8. Quarry Lease Deed Dept. of Quarry operation Construction Contractor and Quarry License Mining; (for new quarry) stage (Prior from State Concerned Environmental to initiation Department of District Clearance from of any work) Mines and Geology Administration; SEIAA and SEIAA; CTE/CTO from TNPCB TNPCB 9. PUC for vehicles Motor Vehicle For all Construction Contractor for construction Department of construction stage under Central Tamil Nadu vehicles (Prior to Motor and Vehicle State initiation of Act 1988 any work) 10. Labour license Labour Engagement of Construction Contractor commissioner Labour stage office (Prior to initiation of any work) In addition to above, for all the three project roads No Objection Certificate is to be obtained from concerned district forest officer stating that there is no forest land is involved in the proposed ROW. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3-24 CHAPTER 4 BASELINE ENVIRONMENT HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 4 BASELINE ENVIRONMENT 4.1 BACKGROUND Previous chapters have highlighted scope of environmental assessment, existing features of the project roads and proposed improvement, methodology and regulations applicable to environmental assessment. In this chapter an attempt has been made to prepare a baseline environmental setting so that applicability of Government of India (GoI) regulatory requirements as well as environmental management practices of operational procedure of World Bank could be envisioned. Based on the existing environmental scenario potential impacts of road improvement will be identified and accordingly management plan will be proposed in forthcoming sections. The baseline environmental conditions will help in comparing and to monitor the predicted negative and positive impacts resulting from the project during construction and operation phases. Data was collected from secondary sources for the macro-environmental setting like climate, physiography (Geology and slope), biological and socio-economic environment. First hand information have been collected to record the micro-environmental features within and adjacent to the project road corridors. Collection of first hand (Primary) information includes preparation of base maps, extrapolating environmental features on proposed road design, tree enumeration, location and measurement of socio-cultural features abutting project road. Data was also recorded at sites used for extraction of materials for construction but generally outside the project corridor e.g. borrows areas and quarries. Ambient air, noise, soil and water quality samples were collected at important locations in terms of environment quality to prepare a baseline database. The baseline environmental monitoring of air, water, noise and soil along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 and Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 was undertaken by NABL accredited agency, M/S Green Chem Solutions Pvt. Ltd. between 26.02.2014 and 26.03.2014. The baseline environmental monitoring along Rajapalayam- Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41 was undertaken between 24.06.2014 and 20.07.2014. The baseline environmental monitoring Report is attached as Appendix 4.1. Following section describes the nature, type and characteristics of the physical, biological, cultural and socioeconomic components along the project roads. 4.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT –BASELINE Air quality is relatively free from pollution along the project roads traversing through agrarian rural and small semi urban areas. As a part of the Environmental Assessment (EA), climatic component has been studied to establish the benchmarks to understand air quality in the project influence area. 4.2.1 Meteorological Factors and Climate Climate: Among all other physical factors, Climate is the most important factor-influencing environment because it plays a vital role in determining the evolution of landforms (erosion, soil characteristics), types of flora and fauna (ecological diversity), the productivity of DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 ecosystems as well it has an influence on the pollution loads on the environment. rainfall, temperature, and winds are the principal climatic components that serve to transport, disperse various forms of pollution into the atmosphere and on the ground. The climate of the project influence area (PIA) is tropical, with distinct wet and dry seasons. The climate may be classified into four distinct seasons: winter (January – February), summer (March – May), southwest monsoons (June – September) and northeast monsoon (October – December). The various climatic factors such as temperature, humidity and rainfall pattern in the project area have been discussed in detail in the following sections. a) Rainfall The project districts receive the rain under the influence of both southwest and northeast monsoons. The northeast monsoon chiefly contributes to the rainfall in the districts. Tamil Nadu state is the only part of the India that receives rainfall during winter months. The actual rainfall in Tirunelveli, Toothukudi and Virudhnagar districts for the last five years (2008-2012) as provided by the Hydro-met division of the India Meteorological Department is given in Table 4-1, Table 4-2 and Table 4-3. Table 4-1: Rainfall for Tirunelveli District (mm) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Total 2008 9.4 53.2 400.5 106.4 2.9 11 41.4 74 21.3 322 171.3 77.5 1290.9 2009 8.2 0 28.2 69.9 25.8 15.3 54.1 30 27.9 115 405.4 133 912.8 2010 35.9 0.1 4.6 43.2 36.6 26.0 63.4 15.6 84.6 111.9 291.7 152.2 865.8 2011 21.9 52.6 44.7 78.0 5.0 49.1 21.2 22.0 15.4 307.5 253.6 78.8 949.8 2012 40.8 29.9 30.4 61.8 8.5 1.0 16.0 12.6 7.3 302.7 139.1 74.0 724.1 Average 948.68 Source: Indian Meteorological Department Table 4-2: Rainfall for Toothukudi District (mm) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Total 2008 3.8 91.1 264.6 58.9 0.4 3.3 9.0 49.9 3.5 357.9 180.0 54.5 1076.9 2009 6.8 0.2 16.8 79.5 17.0 1.2 0.7 18.7 33.9 56.0 386.6 47.9 665.3 2010 23.3 0.0 0.0 18.9 47.5 4.4 7.9 29.3 124.5 102.5 300.9 125.6 784.8 2011 2.3 11.4 1.9 39.8 4.3 0.0 2.7 15.2 12.4 305.6 196.0 49.3 640.9 2012 2.9 0.0 0.2 46.2 79.7 24.5 28.3 82.3 68.9 218.6 69.5 5.8 626.9 Average 758.96 Source: Indian Meteorological Department Table 4-3 : Rainfall for Virudhnagar District (mm) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Total 108. 1070. 2008 0.8 37.5 270 50.1 37.1 7.2 40.4 19.8 338.4 139.6 21.4 1 4 2009 2.2 0.0 35.3 39.8 49.3 1.7 0.0 16.5 60.1 38.8 264.1 28.2 536.0 2010 0.1 0.0 0.0 20.6 73.1 44.0 21.6 43.8 97.9 173.5 305.0 77.3 856.9 2011 1.7 46.7 34.8 50.7 19.2 11.4 14.4 61.8 58.3 265.9 215.6 23.5 804.0 2012 23.0 0.9 1.1 71.4 70.0 0.2 20.6 34.5 24.8 221.9 38.6 4.1 511.1 Average 755.7 Source: Indian Meteorological Department Above rainfall data shows that project districts received maximum rainfall during months of DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 October and November i.e., in winter season. Tirunelveli district receives the highest rainfall among the project districts. The average rainfall in Tirunelveli is around 950 mm. In the State of Tamil Nadu, the project region is located in moderate to moderately low rainfall receiving region. The rainfall distribution map for the State of Tamil Nadu presented in Figure 4-1 highlights this aspect very clearly. Source: http://mapsof.net Figure 4-1 : Rainfall Distribution in the State of Tamil Nadu (Project Region Highlighted in red dotted line) DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-3 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Maps showing the climatic conditions of project districts are presented in Figure 4-2. They show that the annual rainfall in project region varies between 500 mm to 800mm. Map showing part of Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41 in Virudhnagar Map showing part of Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli Map showing part of Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram - District section of SH-41, Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram - Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 in Toothukudi Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 and entire stretch District of Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 in Tirunelveli District Source: District Planning Map Series Figure 4-2 : Climatic Conditions in Project Districts DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-4 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 b) Temperature In the day time the coastal regions are cooler than the interior parts by about a degree in summer and southwest monsoon seasons and warmer by one to two degrees during the rest of the year. From about the middle of February, temperature increases steadily. In May, which is usually the hottest month in the interior, the mean daily maximum temperature is 37.1 degree Celsius. The weather is quite hot in May & June and maximum temperature sometimes reaches as high as 45 degree Celsius. With the onset of the southwest monsoon by the end of May or beginning of June, there is some drop in temperature. By about the middle of October, both day and night temperatures decrease appreciably. The period from November to January is the coolest period of the year with the mean daily maximum temperature of about 30 to 31 degree Celsius in the interior parts. The mean daily minimum temperatures in these months are about 22 to 23 degree Celsius in the Tirunelveli district. The maximum and minimum temperature in Tirunelveli district (Palaykottai) is as follows: Table 4-4 : Temperature of Tirunelveli District (Degree Celsius), Year 2011-12 Month Maximum Temperature Minimum Temperature June - 2011 39.6 24.4 July 39.4 33.8 August 39.4 24.6 September 40.1 25.1 October 39.5 23.3 November 34.0 24.0 December 32.8 19.5 January - 2012 33.4 18.4 February 36.2 19.4 March 38.2 22.4 April 39.5 23.5 May 41.0 24.5 Source: District Statistical Handbook 2011-2012- Tamil Nadu The maximum and minimum temperature in Toothukudi district is as follows: Table 4-5 : Temperature of Toothukudi District (Degree Celsius), Year 2011-12 Month Maximum Temperature Minimum Temperature June - 2011 38.5 25.1 July 37.8 26.8 August 38.5 27.2 September 37.9 26.6 October 34.8 23.7 November 32.8 23.4 December 31.3 21.9 January - 2012 31.6 20.4 February 32.8 23.2 March 34.1 24.1 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-5 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Month Maximum Temperature Minimum Temperature April 35.3 25.3 May 35.3 25.3 Source: District Statistical Handbook 2011-2012- Toothukudi Also, as observed from Figure 4-2, the average temperature in project region varies between 250C to 37.50 C. Project region fall in hyperthermic to strong megathermic zone as per temperature distribution map of Tamil Nadu State (Figure 4-3). Source: http://mapsof.net Figure 4-3: Temperature distribution map of Tamil Nadu State (Project Region marked in black dotted line) c) Relative Humidity The PIA has arid and semi arid climate (Figure 4-4). The average relative humidity in Tirunelveli district varies between 79% and 84%, in Virudhnagar district varies between 65% and 85% and in Toothkundi district varies between 60% and 75%. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-6 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Source: http://mapsof.net Figure 4-4: Humidity map of Tamil Nadu State (Project Region marked) d) Winds Wind speed and wind direction have a significant role on the dispersion of atmospheric pollutants and therefore, the air quality of the area. Ground level concentrations for the pollutants are inversely proportional to the wind speed in the down wind direction, while in upwind direction no effect will be observed and in cross wind direction partial effect due to the emission sources is observed. In PIA, Winds blow from north \w source: www.synergyenviron.com and northwest towards the east Figure 4-5: Wind Speed in Major Project Districts between October and December, when north-east monsoon sets in. In January and February, winds blow steadily from northeast, occasionally from the north and northwest. Between June and September, the winds reverse their direction and blow mostly from southwest direction. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-7 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 The wind speed in Tirunelveli and Toothukudi is shown in Figure 4-5. As observed in the figure, wind speed is highest in the month of June and lowest in the month of March. The maximum and minimum wind speed in Tirunelveli and Toothukudi district is around 7.0 km/hr and 3.8km/hr respectively. 4.2.2 Ambient Air Quality Ambient air quality refers to the background air quality levels in a region, characterised by concentrations of various pollutants in the atmosphere. The presence of air pollutants and their concentrations depends on the type of polluting sources, and other factors that influence their flow and dispersion. In most cases vehicular emissions are the predominant source of air pollution. Existing ambient air quality data on various sections of the project corridors was collected to establish a baseline database. The aim was to identify areas that already have high pollution levels or are expected to experience so, on account of the road project, and to design adequate mitigation measures, as applicable. The activities, which modify atmospheric air quality, are transportation (i.e., motor vehicle emissions, which are addressed in this study); industry; domestic and construction. The principal sources of air pollution due to road projects are hot mix plants and machineries used during construction phase and the vehicles that ply over it during the operation phase. Dispersal of pollutants depends upon factors like prevailing wind direction and other weather conditions, height of the source, and characteristics of roadside plantation and presence of other sinks along the project corridor. Ambient air quality standards: GoI Air Pollution Control standards, formulated by MoEF & CC, were set in 1981. The statutory bodies that regulate these standards at the central and state levels are the CPCB and the SPCB, respectively. National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for particulate and gaseous pollutants as laid down by the CPCB in year 2009 are given in Appendix 4.2a. Sample Selection & Monitoring locations The baseline status of the ambient air quality has been established through a scientifically designed ambient air quality monitoring network and is based on the following considerations:  Meteorological conditions prevailing in the area;  Topography of the study area;  Representatives of background air quality for obtaining baseline status; and  Representatives of likely impact areas Ambient air quality monitoring has been undertaken at four locations each along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 and Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 during February- March 2014 and at nine locations along Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41 during June- July 2014 with due consideration to the above mentioned points. The DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-8 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 monitoring frequency considered was twice a week 24 hourly continuous monitoring for four weeks. Following parameters has been measured to prepare the baseline condition: i. Particulate Matter (30cm girth size along with local and scientific name of tree species along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram - Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44, Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 and Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 are provided in Table 4-24, Table 4-25 and Table 4-26 respectively. The roadside trees are continuous throughout the corridor except some stretches where open land/agricultural land are observed. The trees are generally having good canopy during environmental impact survey. Every effort has been made by engineering and environmental team to save these trees. There is no green tunnel along the project roads. Table 4-24: Summary of Tree Enumeration within Corridor of Impact (>30cm) of Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 Start End LHS RHS Chainage Chainage No. of Tree Species No. of Tree Species (m) (m) Trees Trees Vatha narayanam, Vatha narayanam, Neer 22500 23000 15 Neer karuvai, Pulee, 6 karuvai, Pulee, Odai, Neem Neem Manjanathi, Odai, Neer karuvai, Odai, Neem 23000 24000 12 9 Neer karuvai, Neem Thenna Tree, Pulee, Illavan panchi, Neem, 24001 25000 9 8 Aalamaram Odai, Atti Odai Manjanathi, Neer karuvai, 25001 26000 2 8 Odai 26001 27000 20 Neem, Vatha, 8 Pulee, Neem Manjanathi, Neem Thenna Tree, Pulee, 27001 28000 3 16 Neem, Lemon, Odai 28001 29000 0 - 0 - Takku, Thenna Tree, - Pulee Kodaikaapulli, 29001 30000 90 0 Manjanathi, Neer karuvai, Tamarind 30001 31000 8 Pulee, Odai 2 Odai 31001 32000 10 Odai, Neem 6 Palmyra palm, Odai 32001 33000 4 Odai 1 Palmyra palm 33001 34000 0 - 16 Odai, Konrai, Neem, 34001 35000 1 Odai 2 Neem DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-70 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Start End LHS RHS Chainage Chainage No. of Tree Species No. of Tree Species (m) (m) Trees Trees Pulee, Usil Thekku, Savukku, Neem, 35001 36000 5 17 Pungan, Pulee, Usil, Neem, Pulee Manjanathi, Vagai, Odai, 36001 37000 18 20 Pulee, Neem 37001 38000 61 Pulee, Neem 64 Pulee 38001 39000 45 Pulee 44 Pulee 39001 40000 Kovilpatti City not in scope 40001 41300 Neem, Pungan, Aalamaram, Vagai, Aalamaram, Vatha, Neem, Konnai, Pulee, 41301 42000 21 13 Pulee, Naval, Atti, Pungan Arasu, Vagai Neem, Vagai Neem, Arasu, Pulee, 42001 43000 11 6 Kodaikaapulli Neem, Vagai, Konnai, Neem, Vagai, 43001 44000 4 4 Pungan, Pulee Odai Neem, Pungan, Neem, Kodaikaapulli, Pulee, Murungai, Savukku, Puvarasu, 44001 45000 45 28 Arasu, Puvarasu, Arasu, Murungai Vagai, Odai Odai, Pulee, Palmyra Odai, Pulee, Palmyra 45001 46000 42 35 palm, palm, Pulee, Vagai, Thenna Pulee, Odai 46001 47000 67 Tree, Neem, Palmyra 38 palm, Odai 47001 48000 10 Odai, Neem, 8 Odai, Pungan Odai, Pulee Odai, Neem, Palmyra 48001 49000 4 9 palm Odai, Palmyra palm, Odai, Neem, Palmyra 49001 50000 35 23 Pulee palm, Kodaikaapulli Pulee, Odai, Palmyra Pulee, Odai, Palmyra 50001 51000 75 palm, Kodaikaapulli, 42 palm, Kodaikaapulli, Manjanathi Neem 51001 52000 0 - 2 Manjanathi, Murungai - Pulee, Pungan, Neem, 52001 53000 0 15 Nettalinkam, Badam Tree 53001 54000 21 Odai, Pulee, Neem 19 Odai, Pulee Neem Pulee, Neem, 54001 55000 5 9 Nettalinkam, Vagai, Pulee, Neem, Pulee, Neem, 55001 56000 26 Nettalinkam, Vagai, 23 Nettalinkam, Vagai, Thenna Tree DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-71 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Start End LHS RHS Chainage Chainage No. of Tree Species No. of Tree Species (m) (m) Trees Trees 56001 56747 19 Palmyra palm, Odai 1 Neem Total 688 502 Source: Tree Enumeration, March-April 2014 As observed from above tree details, a total of 1190 trees>30cm girth size (688 on LHS and 502 on RHS) fall within CoI of project road. Also, tree enumeration has been done for trees<30cm. A total of 351 trees<30cm girth size (177 on LHS and 174 on RHS) fall within CoI of the project road. The local and scientific names of tree species observed along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 along with their IUCNstatus are listed below: Local name Scientific IUCN Local Scientific name IUCN Status name Status name Trees Aalamaram Ficus Not yet Paneer Millingtonia tibetans Not yet been bengalensis been assessed. assessed. Arasu Ficus religiosa Not yet Pannea Millingtonia hortensis Not yet been been Poo assessed. assessed. Atti Ficus Not yet Pulee Tamarindus indica Not yet been racemosa been assessed. assessed. Illavan panchi Ceita petendra Not yet Pungan Pongamia pungan Not yet been been assessed. assessed. Kodaikaapulli Inga dulcis Least Poovarasu/ Thespesia populnea Not yet been Concern ver Puvarasu assessed. 3.1 Vulnerable Savukku Casurina Not yet been Konrai B1+2c ver equisetifolia assessed. Delonix regia 2.3 Mahalingam Crataeva Not yet Soundal Leucaenia Not yet been reliigosa been leucocaphala assessed. assessed. Manjanathi Morinda Not yet Tekku Tectona grandis Not yet been tomentosa been assessed. assessed. Murungai Moringa Not yet Thagarai Cassia surattensis Not yet been oleifera been assessed. assessed. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-72 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Local name IUCN Scientific Local Scientific name IUCN Status name Status name Naval Eugenia Not yet Usil Albizia procera Not yet been argentea been assessed. assessed. Neem Azadirachta Not yet Vagai Albizia labbeck Not yet been indica been assessed. assessed. Neer karuvai Prosopis Not yet Vatha Delonix elata Not yet been juliflora been narayanam assessed. assessed. Nettalinkam Polyalthia Not yet Vatha/Vatta Macaranga peltata Not yet been longifolia been assessed. assessed. Odai Acacia Not yet Vilvam Aegle marmelos Not yet been planiforns been assessed. assessed. Palmyra palm Borassus Endangered flabellifer B2ab(iii); D ver 3.1 Other Trees with economic value Cotton Ceiba Not yet pentandra been assessed. Kaju Badam Anacardium Not yet occidentale been assessed. Lemon Citrus sp. Not yet been assessed. Thenna Tree Cocos Not yet nucifera been assessed. The dominant tree species along the project road are Pulee, Odai and Neem. Table 4-25: Summary of Tree Enumeration within Corridor of Impact (>30cm) of Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 Start End LHS RHS Chainage Chainage No. of Tree Species No. of Tree Species (m) (m) Trees Trees Neem, Neer karuvai, Neem, Neer karuvai, 0 1000 14 Pungan, Manjanathi, Usil, 23 Pungan, Pulee,Tekku Pulee 1000 2000 2 Neem, Palmyra palm 0 - 2000 3000 33 Neem, Neermarudu, Atti, 23 Neem, Puvarasu, DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-73 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Start End LHS RHS Chainage Chainage No. of Tree Species No. of Tree Species (m) (m) Trees Trees Vatha narayanam, Pungan, Naval, Palmyra Puvarasu, Naval, Pulee, palm, Nelli Neer karuvai Neem, Aalamaram, Neem, Puvarasu, Naval, 3000 4000 9 5 Arasu Neem, Tekku, Odai Nettalinkam, Malai vembu, 4000 5000 18 2 Palmyra palm, Neer karuvai Neem, Malai vembu, Neem, Neer karuvai, Malaipoovarasu, Konnai 5000 6000 22 19 Murungai, Neer karuvai, Nandiavattai 6000 7000 1 Pulee 1 Eucalyptus Usil, Pungan, Neem Eucalyptus, Usil, Neem, 7000 8000 5 25 Vatha narayanam, Pulee Neem, Usil Neem, Usil, Puvarasu, 8000 9000 24 20 Palmyra palm Usil, Puvarasu, Vatha Neem, Uthain, Pungan, 9000 10000 16 18 narayanam Puvarasu, Murungai Neem, Arasu Puvarasu, Neem, Atti, Usi, Vatha 10000 11000 31 Pungan, Atti, Murungai, 10 narayanam, Puvarasu, Usil, l11000 12000 2 Neem, Puvarasu, 2 Neem, Puvarasu, Uthian 12000 13000 3 Usil, Neem, Puvarasu 4 Neem 13000 14000 16 Neem, Vagai 9 Neem, Uthian 14000 15000 2 Aalamaram, Arasu 5 Neem Neem, Arasu, Neem 15000 16000 3 1 Aalamaram 16000 17000 7 Neem, Usil 1 Uthian 17000 18000 0 - 0 - - Neer Karuvai, Palmyra 18000 19000 0 10 palm 19000 20000 1 Palmyra palm 3 Palmyra palm Palmyra palm, Neem, Palmyra palm, Neem, Manjanathi, Murungai, Uthian, Murungai, 20000 21000 27 13 Thenna Tree, Konnai, Puvarasu Usil Palmyra palm, Pulee, 21000 22000 1 7 Uthian, Aalamaram 22000 23000 0 - 8 Palmyra palm, DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-74 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Start End LHS RHS Chainage Chainage No. of Tree Species No. of Tree Species (m) (m) Trees Trees Palmyra palm, Neem, Palmyra palm, Puvarasu 23000 24000 10 5 Usil Palmyra palm, Neem, Palmyra palm, Pulee, 24000 25000 9 9 Puvarasu Uthian, Odai, Konnai Puvarasu, Konnai Neer karuvai, 25000 26000 5 2 Aalamaram 26000 26800 0 - 13 Manjanathi, Neem, Pulee 26800 30000 Tisaiyanvillai Village not in Scope Odai, Tekku, Neer Palmyra palm, Neem, 30000 31000 19 karuvai, Neem, Pungan 13 Pulla, Neer karuvai, Puvarasu Rohida, Neem, Odai, Rohida, Vagai, Puvarasu 31000 32000 23 Chinnapu, Pungan, 47 Neem, Pulee, Pungan, Konrai, Neem, Pulee, Neer Puvarasu, Vagai, 32000 33000 6 12 karuvai, Rohida, Neem Neem, Palmyra palm Palmyra palm, Arasu, 33000 34000 5 17 Thenna Tree, Neem, Savukku, Thenna Tree, Murungai, Neem, Palmyra palm, 34000 35200 69 Puvarasu, Vagai, Mango, 63 Thenna Tree, Kaju Arasu, Naaval Pazham Badam, Pulee, Odai Total 383 390 Source: Tree Enumeration, March-April 2014 As observed from above tree details, a total of 773 trees>30cm girth size (383 on LHS and 390 on RHS) fall within CoI of the project road. Also, as per the tree enumeration of <30cm girth size trees, a total of 251 trees (144 on LHS and 107on RHS) fall within CoI of the project road. The local and scientific names of tree species observed along Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 along with their IUCNstatus are listed below: Scientific Local name Scientific name IUCN Status Local name IUCN Status name Trees Not yet been Eugenia Not yet been Aalamaram Ficus bengalensis Naval assessed. argentea assessed. Vulnerable Azadirachta Not yet been Konrai Delonix regia B1+2c ver Neem indica assessed. 2.3 Not Not yet been Prosopis Not yet been Arasu Ficus religiosa Neer karuvai assessed. juliflora assessed. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-75 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Scientific Local name Scientific name IUCN Status Local name IUCN Status name Trees Polyalthia Not yet been Terminalia Not yet been Nettalingm Neermarudu longifolia assessed. arjuna assessed. Not yet been Acacia Not yet been Atti Ficus racemosa Odai assessed. planiforns assessed. Endangered Lagerstoemia Not yet been Palmyra Borassus Chinnapu B2ab(iii); indica assessed. palm flabellifer D ver 3.1 Not yet been Poovarasu/ Thespesia Not yet been Konnai Cassia fistula assessed. Puvarasu populnea assessed. Malaipoovaras Not yet been Not yet been Biscofia javanica Pulla Kydia calycina u assessed. assessed. Not yet been Pongamia Not yet been Malai vembu Melia dubia Pungan assessed. pungan assessed. Data Deficient ver Casurina Not yet been Mango Mangifera indica Savukku 2.3 (needs equisetifolia assessed. updating) Morinda Not yet been Tamarindus Not yet been Manjanathi Pulee tomentosa assessed. indica assessed. Manjapoo Nyctanthes arbor- Not yet been Tectona Not yet been Tekku pavazha malli tristis assessed. grandis assessed. Not yet been Not yet been Murungai Moringa oleifera Usil Albizia procera assessed. assessed. Naaval Not yet been Lannea Not yet been Syzygium cumini Uthain Pazham assessed. coromandelica assessed. Not yet been Albizia Not yet been Nalodai Acacia planifrons Vagai assessed. labbeck assessed. Tabernaemontan Not yet been Vatha Not yet been Nandiavattai Delonix elata a divartica assessed. narayanam assessed. Other Trees with economic value Not yet been Cotton Ceiba pentandra assessed. Anacardium Not yet been Kaju Badam occidentale assessed. Not yet been Thenna Tree Cocos nucifera assessed. The dominant tree species along Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 are Neem and Coconut. Table 4-26: Summary of Tree Enumeration within Corridor of Impact (>30cm) of Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41 Chainage No. of Tree Major Tree Species Start Chainage (m) End Chainage (m) LHS RHS 1800 2000 13 8 Neem, Poonga 2000 3000 42 37 Neem, Banyan, Pulee Coconut, Neem, Palm, 3000 4000 46 42 Pulee, Vaagai Malaivembu, Neem, Palm, 4000 5000 20 43 Poonga, Pulee DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-76 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage No. of Tree Major Tree Species Start Chainage (m) End Chainage (m) LHS RHS 5000 6000 33 68 Neem, Poonga, Pungai Neem, Poonga, Pungai, 6000 7000 23 86 Pulee 7000 8000 37 50 Neem, Poonga, Pulee Arasamaram, Malaivembu 8000 9000 24 18 Murungai Pulee, Neem 9000 10000 22 29 Neem, Pulee 10000 11000 28 29 Malavagai, Neem 11000 12000 6 8 Neem 12000 13000 13 10 Pulee , Neem 13000 14000 6 6 Manjanathi, Pulee 14000 15000 5 Neem 15000 16000 17 19 Neem, Pulee Malaivembu, Neem, Poogai 16000 17000 28 55 Pulee, Vagai Pungai 17000 18000 9 6 Neem Pungai Pulee 18000 19000 2 11 Neem 19000 20000 9 8 Neem, Pulee Neem, Poogai 20000 21000 20 19 Usil, Tamarin, Usil Malaivembu, Murungai 21000 22000 22 17 Neem, Poonga, Usil, Vagai 22000 23000 6 6 Palm 23000 24000 10 20 Palm 24000 25000 28 29 Pulee, Palm 25000 26000 5 4 Neem, Pulee Mamaram, Neem, 26000 27000 21 8 Palm, Pulee 27000 28000 6 7 Neem 28000 28100 1 0 Neem 28000 29000 29000 30000 30000 31000 Sankarankoil ByPass 31000 32000 32000 33800 Arasamaram, Poonga 33800 34000 14 9 Tamarind, Vagai, Pulee Coconut, Tamarind Vagai, Kaka mull 34000 35000 41 62 Mamaram, Neermarudhu, Poogai, Pulee DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-77 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage No. of Tree Major Tree Species Start Chainage (m) End Chainage (m) LHS RHS Manjanathi, 35000 36000 18 32 Neem,Palm, Pulee vagai 36000 37000 24 60 Neem, Poonga, Pulee, Nava 37000 38000 45 56 Neem 38000 39000 49 40 Neem, Pulee 39000 40000 73 36 Banyan Banyan, Neem, Pulee, 40000 41000 24 19 Cotton Tree, Palm, Udai Neem,Vathanarayanan, 41000 42000 3 4 Palm, Udai 42000 43000 32 37 Neem, Palm, Teak Neem, Palm, Tamarind, 43000 44000 75 36 Thekku 44000 45000 64 109 Neem, Palm 45000 46000 126 109 Neem, Palm, Pulee 46000 47000 47 23 Neem, Palm, Pulee, Udai 47000 48000 64 73 Neem, Palm, Pulee,Udai 48000 49000 7 49 Neem, Vagai 49000 50000 24 29 Neem, Pulee,Udai, Vagai 50000 51000 8 12 Neem, Pulee, Udai 51000 52000 19 14 Udai, Palm 52000 53000 37 51 Udai Neem, Udai, Pulee, Udai, 53000 54000 17 32 Vagai 54000 55000 33 44 Mala Vagai, Neem, Pulee 55000 56000 24 7 Palm, Neem 56000 57000 2 8 Vagai, Neem 57000 58000 15 32 Murungai Neem, Pulee 58000 59000 26 39 Tamarind, vagai 59000 60000 15 24 Neem, Vagai Mala vagai, Neem, Vagai, 60000 61000 30 17 Banyan Mala vagai, Neem, Vagai, 61000 62000 20 10 Neem Manganathi, Mala vagai, 62000 63000 11 11 Neem 63000 64000 43 37 Manganathi, Neem, Palm 64000 65000 0 3 Manganathi, Pulee 65000 66000 10 21 Manganathi, Pulee 66000 67000 8 16 Neem, Udai 67000 68000 8 4 Neem, Usil 68000 69000 19 20 Neem, Usil, Poonga DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-78 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage No. of Tree Major Tree Species Start Chainage (m) End Chainage (m) LHS RHS 69000 70000 18 19 Usil, Poonga 70000 71000 20 5 Mala vagai Manganathi, Neem, Usil, 71000 72000 22 11 Neem, Poonga, Pulee, Udai, Vagai Koiya, Manganathi, Neem, 72000 73000 54 48 Nellika, Poonga, Pulee, Usil 73000 74000 9 12 Manganathi, Neem,,Palm 74000 75000 7 13 Mala vagai, Neem 75000 76000 12 7 Neem, Usil 76000 77000 7 10 Neem, Usil 77000 78000 42 25 Pulee, Neem, Usil 78000 79000 14 23 Usil 79000 80000 22 15 Neem, Usil 80000 81000 27 20 Manganathi, Usil 81000 82000 5 39 Neem, Usil 82000 82800 6 6 Neem, Usil 1837 2086 Total Trees 3923 Source: Tree Enumeration, June-July 2014 As observed from above tree details, a total of 3923 trees>30cm girth size (1837 on LHS and 2086 on RHS) fall within CoI of the project road. Also, as per the tree enumeration of <30cm girth size trees, a total of 1015 trees (540 on LHS and 475 on RHS) fall within CoI of the project road. The local and scientific names of tree species observed along Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil- Tirunelveli section of SH-41 are listed below: Local Name Scientific Name IUCN Status Akatthi Sesbania grandiflora Not yet been assessed Ala Maram Ficus bengalensis Not yet been assessed Aarasamaram Ficusr eligiosa Not yet been assessed Arjun Terminalia arjuna Not yet been assessed Athi Ficus racemosa Not yet been assessed Badam Terminalia catappa Not yet been assessed Chrismas tree Picea sp. Thennai tree Cocos nucifera Not yet been assessed Cotton tree Ceiba pentandra Not yet been assessed Guava Psidium guajava Not yet been assessed Itchu(Flus) Kakaipalai Micromelum minutum Not yet been assessed DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-79 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Local Name Scientific Name IUCN Status Kodukkapuli Murraya koenigii Not yet been assessed Malai Vembu Melia azedarach Not yet been assessed Mamaram Mangifera indica Data Deficient ver 2.3 Manjanathi Not yet been assessed. Not yet been assessed Murungai Moringa oleifera Lank Not yet been assessed Naval Eugenia argentea Not yet been assessed Neerkaruvai Prosopis juliflora Not yet been assessed Neem Azadirachta indica Not yet been assessed Neermarudhu Terminalia arjuna Not yet been assessed nellikai Phyllanthus emblica Not yet been assessed Nettalingam Polyalthial ongifolia Not yet been assessed Palmyra palm Borassus flabellifer Endangered B2ab(iii); D ver 3.1 Pinari Ailanthus excelsa Not yet been assessed Puvarasu Thespesia populnea Not yet been assessed Pungan Pongamia pungan Not yet been assessed Savukku Casurina equisetifolia Not yet been assessed Siridam/Vagai Albizia lebbeck Not yet been assessed Pulee Tamarindus indica Not yet been assessed Tekku Tectona grandis Not yet been assessed Udai /Odai Acacia planifrons Not yet been assessed Usil Albizia procera Not yet been assessed Vathanarayanan Delonix elata Not yet been assessed vilvam/Velvam Aegle marmelos Not yet been assessed Flora in Influence Zone Various types of forests from luxuriant tropical wet evergreen forests to southern thorn scrub forests occur in the district owing to its diverse geographical factors. The forests in Tirunelveli district are technically classified as Southern hilltop tropical evergreen forests, West Coast tropical evergreen forests, Southern moist mixed deciduous forests, Ochiandra reed forests, Carnatic umbrella thorn forests, Southern Euphorbia scrub and Southern thorn scrub. The forests of Alagarkoil valley in Srivilliputur taluk and Saduragiri of Virudhnagar district are known for rare medicinal plants. The medicinal value of 275 plants has been recorded and reported. The forests host a rich variety of orchids and ferns. Major tree species along the road include tamarind, neem, usil, arasu, babool, pungan, tekku and puvarasu. As per the reconnaissance survey, there is a protected area named Koonthakulam Kadankulam bird sanctuary located at a distance of 7.5 km from km 13/000 of Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 project road. The major floral species found in Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary are Acacia nilotica, Cassia DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-80 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 auriculata, Calotropis and few planted species like Azadirachta indica, Tamarindus indica, Zizuphus jujuba, Bassia latifolia, Pongamia pinnata, Ficus benghalensis, Ficus retusa, Ficus religiosa, Borassus flabellifer, etc. Aquatic vegetation comprises of Hydrilla, Pistia, Nymphoides, Trapa, Cyperus, Scirpus, etc. (Source: district and block forest offices, Tirunelveli). The detailed information of flora found in Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary is provided in Appendix 4.4. Also, as per the reconnaissance survey there is a protected area named Srivilliputtur Giant Grizzled Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary located at distance of 6 km from start point of Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41. 203 species of flora including 81 species of trees, 37 species of shrubs, 16 species of climbers, 21 species of grasses are recorded in the sanctuary. No tree along road side fall in CITES list of plant. However, as per IUCN one plant found as Endangered namely Borassus flabellifer; three plants found as Vulnerable namely Chloroxylon swietenia, Delonix regia & Sapindus oahuensis; one Least Concern plant namely Inga dulcis and one Data Deficient plant namely Mangifera indica. Other then the above all taxon listed has not yet been assessed for the IUCN Red List. 4.6.4 Fauna Fauna within Impact Corridor The major terrestrial fauna observed and recorded during the reconnaissance survey including livestock along the project corridor are monkey, snake, grey headed bulbul, buffalo, sheep, goat, pig etc. Fauna within Influence Zone Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary is the largest breeding water-bird reserve in Southern Tamilnadu, located in Tirunelveli District. It has the distinction of being a bird refuge that has received protection from the local people for generations, well before the site was officially declared as a bird sanctuary. Koonthakulam wetlands are a safe haven for migratory and resident wetland birds of the bio-geographic region. These wetlands are buffer irrigation reservoirs for paddy cultivations and receive water supply from Manimuthar Irrigation system on alternative years. Major fauna includes Macaques, Mongoose and variety of reptiles. More than 50 species of regular wetland birds, both resident and migratory can be observed every year like Larger Flamingo, Grey Pelican, Painted Storks, Ibis, Pin Tail, Comb Duck, Sand pipers, etc. to name a few. The detailed list of local and migratory birds (common name and scientific name) visiting the sanctuary along with their Status as per WPA (Wildlife Protection Act), 1972, CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species) and IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) is provided in Appendix 4.4a. Srivilliputtur Grizzled Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary is located at distance of 6km from Rajapalayam, Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41. It is recognized as one of the 25 Global hot spots of biodiversity. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-81 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 The area is an important and unique habitat known for varied flora and fauna which provide an ecologically sustainable habitat for about 32 species of mammals including endangered species like tiger, elephant, Lion tail macaque, Grizzled Squirrel, Nilgiri Tahr etc., more than 200 species of birds including great Indian hornbill, Srilankan frog mouth, painted sand grouse, Horn owl etc., 53 species of reptiles, 24 species of amphibians, 56 species of butther flies, The detailed list of faunal diversity along with their Status as per WPA (Wildlife Protection Act), 1972 and Status as per IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is provided in Appendix 4.4b. 4.6.4.1 Coastal Ecology The coastline of Tamil Nadu has a length of about 1076 kms which constitutes about 15% of the total coastal length of India and stretches along the Bay of Bengal, Indian Ocean and Arabian Sea. The coastal length in project districts, viz. Tirunelveli and Toothukudi is 48.9Km and 163.5 Km respectively. In the coastal zone, there are several areas where development has already taken place before 1991. In 1991, the Coastal Zone Regulation notification was issued by the Union Ministry of Environment and Forests to protect the 500 meters zone from the high tide line and along rivers and creeks upto the area of tidal action. CRZ Notification 1991 has been amended in 2011. CRZ-I comprises ecologically sensitive area and area between Low Tide Line and High Tide Line, CRZ-II covers the already developed areas and CRZ-III, constitutes comparatively little developed, and those do not belong to either CRZ-I or II and CRZ IV covers the water area from the Low Tide Line to twelve nautical miles on the seaward side. The regulation and enforcement in the state is being overseen by the Tamil Nadu Coastal Zone Management Authority (TNCZMA), Chennai. GIS cell, Department of Environment, GoTN has prepared draft 31 CZMP maps in 1:25000 scale in the place of existing approved CZMP maps prepared by the DTCP (copies available with the Department of Town Country Planning), based on the HTL demarcation map furnished by the Institute of Remote Sensing, Anna University, Chennai by retaining the existing zonation‟s viz., CRZ-I, II & III as per the existing approved Coastal Zone Management Plan Maps. No project road fall under CRZ. In order to avoid the applicability of CRZ Notification, the end point of Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 has been considered upto Km 35.200 (intersection with SH 176, TTK Road), which is about 1Km away from high tidal point of Sea. 4.7 SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT As mentioned in earlier sections also Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 fall in three districts of Tamil Nadu state, Tirunelveli (Taluk- Sankarankoil), Toothukudi (Taluk- Kovilpatti and Ettayapuram) and Virudhnagar (Taluk- Sattur). Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 passes through DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-82 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 only Tirunelveli (Taluk- Nanguneri and Radhapuram) district and Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil- Tirunelveli section of SH-41 passes through Tirunelveli district (Sankrakovil and Tirunelveli taluks) and Virudhnagar district (Rajapalayam taluk). The socio-economic indicators of the project districts are as tabulated below: Table 4-27 : Socio Economic Indicators of Project Districts Parameter Tirunelveli Toothukudi Virudhnagar Total Population 3077233 1750176 1942288 Male population 1520912 865021 967709 Female Population 1556321 885155 974579 Sex Ratio (Per 1000) 1023 1023 1007 Literacy rate (%) 82.50 86.16 80.15 Male Literacy Rate (%) 89.24 91.14 87.71 Female Literacy Rate (%) 75.98 81.33 72.69 Population Density 460 369 458 Population GROWth Rate (%) 12.97 11.32 10.91% Scheduled Castes Population 569714 347895 399831 SC Male 279570 172663 198704 SC Female 290144 175232 201127 Scheduled Tribes Population 10270 4911 2294 Male ST 5109 2466 1182 Female ST 5161 2445 1112 Child Population 321687 1,83,763 197134 Male Population 0-6 164157 93,605 100827 Female Population 0-6 157530 90,158 96307 Occupational Pattern Working Population 560279 748095 950158 No. of Agriculture labour 321083 161418 168174 Main Working Population 1271407 657447 854066 Non-Working Population 1640779 1002081 992130 Source: Census 2011 Tirunelveli District The area of the Tirunelveli district is 6,693 sq.km As per 2011 census, Tirunelveli has population of 3,077,233 of which male and female are 1,520,912 and 1,556,321 respectively. Average literacy rate of Tirunelveli in 2011 is 82.50% compared to 76.09% of 2001. If things are looked out at gender wise, male and female literacy are 89.24% and 75.98% respectively. With regards to Sex Ratio, it stood at 1023 per 1000 male compared to 2001 census figure of 1042. The average national sex ratio in India is 940 as per latest reports of Census 2011 Directorate. Children under 0-6 formed 10.45% of District with equal distribution of male and female child. The SC and ST population distribution in the district is 18.51 % and 0.33% respectively. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-83 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Toothukudi District The area of the Thoothukkudi district is 4,745 Sq.km. As per 2011, Thoothukkudi has population of 1,750,176 of which male and female are 865,021 and 885,155 respectively. Average literacy rate of in 2011 is 86.16% compared to 81.52% of 2001. If things are looked out at gender wise, male and female literacy are 91.14% and 81.33% respectively. With regards to Sex Ratio in Thoothukkudi, it stood at 1023 per 1000 male compared to 2001 census figure of 1050. In 2011, Children under 0-6 formed 10.50 % of Thoothukkudi District compared to 11.73 percent of 2001. The SC and ST population distribution in the district is 19.88% and 0.28% respectively. Virudhnagar District The area of the Virudhnagar district is 4,241 Sq.km. As per 2011, Virudhnagar has population of 19,42,288 of which male and female are 9,67,709 and 9,74,579 respectively. Average literacy rate of in 2011 is 80.15% compared to 73.70% of 2001. Male and female literacy are 87.71% and 72.69% respectively. With regards to Sex Ratio in, Virudhnagar stood at 1007 per 1000 male compared to 2001 census figure of 1012. In 2011, Children under 0-6 formed 10.15 % of the district compared to 11.94 percent of 2001. The SC and ST population distribution in the district is 21% and 0.12% respectively. 4.7.1 Settlements/villages This section outlines the population details of the settlement abutting project road. Table 4-28: Revenue villages along project roads 1) Along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 Chainage S.No From To District Taluk Name of Village . (km) (km) 1 2/600 23/150 Tirunelveli Sankarankoil Naduvapatti 2 23/150 25/800 Thoothukkudi Kovilpatti Mukkuttumalai 3 25/800 27/000 Virudhnagar Sattur Sippipari Nakkal 4 Thoothukkudi Kovilpatti 27/000 28/650 muttampatti 5 28/650 33/150 Thoothukkudi Kovilpatti Ilaiyarasanendal 6 33/150 35/200 Thoothukkudi Kovilpatti Ayyaneri 7 35/200 38/150 Thoothukkudi Kovilpatti Appaneri 8 38/150 38/400 Thoothukkudi Kovilpatti Kovilpatti 9 38/400 39/250 Thoothukkudi Kovilpatti Alampatti 10 39/250 41/950 Thoothukkudi Kovilpatti Kovilpatti 11 41/950 42/800 Thoothukkudi Kovilpatti Iluppaiyurani 12 42/899 45/800 Thoothukkudi Kovilpatti Tittangulam Chidambarapura 13 Thoothukkudi Ettayapuram 45/800 48/650 m 14 48/650 51/700 Thoothukkudi Ettayapuram Kumaragiri 15 51/700 54/200 Thoothukkudi Ettayapuram Ilambuvanam 16 54/200 56/273 Thoothukkudi Ettayapuram Ettayapuram DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-84 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Source: SIA Report, DPR, Volume VII Part B 2) Along Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Chainage S.No From To District Taluk Village (km) (km) 1 0/000 2/400 Tirunelveli Nanguneri Nanguneri 2 2/400 3/600 Tirunelveli Nanguneri IraippOvari 3 3/600 4/100 Tirunelveli Nanguneri karunkadu 4 4/100 8/450 Tirunelveli Nanguneri Iraipubari 5 8/450 13/250 Tirunelveli Nanguneri Alangulam 6 13/250 13/700 Tirunelveli Radhapuram Kovangulam 7 13/700 21/200 Tirunelveli Nanguneri Vijayanarayanam 8 21/200 21/600 Tirunelveli Radhapuram Kottaikarungulam 9 21/600 25/450 Tirunelveli Radhapuram Kumarapuram 10 25/450 29/400 Tirunelveli Radhapuram Tisaiyanvillai 10 29/400 30/950 Tirunelveli Radhapuram Appuvilai 11 30/950 32/300 Tirunelveli Radhapuram Tisaiyanvillai 12 32/300 34/200 Tirunelveli Radhapuram Muthumuthamozhi 13 34/200 35/220 Tirunelveli Radhapuram KaraichuthOvari Source: SIA Report, DPR, Volume VII Part B 3) Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 Chainage Village Name District Name Taluk Name 0/000-1/000 Rajapallayam Virudhunagar Rajayapalam 1/000-2/000 INTUC Nagar Virudhunagar Rajayapalam 2/000-3/000 INTUC Nagar Virudhunagar Rajayapalam 3/000-4/000 - Virudhunagar Rajayapalam 4/000-5/000 Madhukudy Virudhunagar Rajayapalam 5/000-6/000 Madhukudy Virudhunagar Rajayapalam 6/000-7/000 Desigapuram Virudhunagar Rajayapalam 7/000-8/000 Cholapuram Virudhunagar Rajayapalam 8/000-9/000 Cholapuram Virudhunagar Rajayapalam 9/000-10/000 Cholapuram Virudhunagar Rajayapalam 10/000-11/000 Perumalpatti Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 11/000-12/000 Perumalpatti Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 12/000-13/000 Solaiseri Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 13/000-14/000 Solaiseri Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 14/000-15/000 Solaiseri Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 15/000-16/000 P.Reddypatti Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 16/000-17/000 K.R. Naidu Nagar Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 17/000-18/000 Paruvakudi Tirunelveli Sankrakovil DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-85 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage Village Name District Name Taluk Name 18/000-19/000 Paruvakudi Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 19/000-20/000 Karivalamvanthanallur Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 20/000-21/000 Karivalamvanthanallur Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 21/000-22/000 Kulalaikanni Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 22/000-23/000 Kulalaikanni Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 23/000-24/000 Alagunachiyarpuram Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 24/000-25/000 Ramalingapuram Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 25/000-26/000 Ramalingapuram Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 26/000-27/000 Shrigomathipuram Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 27/000-28/000 Vadikottai Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 28/000-29/000 Pulayampatti Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 29/000-30/000 Sankrakovil Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 30/000-31/000 Sankrakovil Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 31/000-32/000 Sankrakovil Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 32/000-33/000 Sankrakovil Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 33/000-34/000 Sankrakovil Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 34/000-35/000 Sankrakovil Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 35/000-36/000 Sankrakovil Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 37/000-37/000 Nedungulam Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 37/000-38/000 Maruthapapuram Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 38/000-39/000 Muthukrishapuram Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 39/000-40/000 Muthukrishapuram Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 40/000-41/000 Gurukulpatti Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 41/000-42/000 Gurukulpatti Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 42/000-43/000 Gurukulpatti Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 43/000-44/000 Melaneelithanallur Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 44/000-45/000 Melaneelithanallur Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 45/000-46/000 Thirumalapuram Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 46/000-47/000 Thirumalapuram Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 47/000-48/000 Panavadalachathiram Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 48/000-49/000 Panavadalachathiram Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 49/000-50/000 Marukkalankulam Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 50/000-51/000 Marukkalankulam Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 51/000-52/000 Mesiyapuram Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 52/000-53/000 Mesiyapuram Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 53/000-54/000 Vennikonendhal Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 54/000-55/000 Vennikonendhal Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 55/000-56/000 Vennikonendhal Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 56/000-57/000 Adaikalapuram Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 57/000-58/000 Devarkulam Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 58/000-59/000 Devarkulam Tirunelveli Sankrakovil DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-86 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage Village Name District Name Taluk Name 59/000-60/000 Devarkulam Tirunelveli Sankrakovil 60/000-61/000 Suppiahpuram Tirunelveli Tirunelveli 61/000-62/000 Suppiahpuram Tirunelveli Tirunelveli 62/000-63/000 Suppiahpuram Tirunelveli Tirunelveli 63/000-64/000 Alakiyapandiapuram Tirunelveli Tirunelveli 64/000-65/000 Alakiyapandiapuram Tirunelveli Tirunelveli 65/000-66/000 Alakiyapandiapuram Tirunelveli Tirunelveli 66/000-67/000 Pillayarkulam Tirunelveli Tirunelveli 67/000-68/000 Pillayarkulam Tirunelveli Tirunelveli 68/000-69/000 Pillayarkulam Tirunelveli Tirunelveli 69/000-70/000 Kanarpatti Tirunelveli Tirunelveli 70/000-71/000 Manur Tirunelveli Tirunelveli 71/000-72/000 Manur Tirunelveli Tirunelveli 72/000-73/000 Jami Nagar Tirunelveli Tirunelveli 73/000-74/000 Salaipudur Tirunelveli Tirunelveli 74/000-75/000 Rastha Tirunelveli Tirunelveli 75/000-76/000 Rastha Tirunelveli Tirunelveli 76/000-77/000 Nariyuthu Tirunelveli Tirunelveli 77/000-78/000 Sedurayanpudur Tirunelveli Tirunelveli 78/000-79/000 Sedurayanpudur Tirunelveli Tirunelveli 79/000-80/000 Sedurayanpudur Tirunelveli Tirunelveli 80/000-81/000 Sedurayanpudur Tirunelveli Tirunelveli 81/000-82/000 Ramainpatti Tirunelveli Tirunelveli 82/000-83/000 Ramainpatti Tirunelveli Tirunelveli 83/000-84/000 Ramainpatti Tirunelveli Tirunelveli 84/000-85/000 Rajajipuram Tirunelveli Tirunelveli 85/000-85/750 Rajajipuram Tirunelveli Tirunelveli Source: SIA Report, DPR, Volume VII Part B 4.7.2 Socio-Cultural Properties and Land Acquisition The proposed project will have impact on residential, commercial as well as other community‟s properties. The summary of the impacted structures along the project roads is listed in Table 4-29. Table 4-29: Type of impacted structures along the project roads Residential & Residential Commercial Others Total Project Road Commercial (nos.) (nos.) (nos.) (nos.) (nos.) Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram - 42 123 16 2 183 Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-87 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Residential & Residential Commercial Others Total Project Road Commercial (nos.) (nos.) (nos.) (nos.) (nos.) Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari 35 80 10 2 127 Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam- Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli 82 257 35 18 392 section of SH-41 Source: SIA Report, DPR, Volume VII Part B The proposed project also requires land for widening, junction improvement, geometric improvement for project roads. Total 2.020 hectare of land is required for Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 and 7.256 hectare of land is required for Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89. About 4.692 hectare of land requirement has been estimated for proposed development of Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41. The Land Plan Schedule for project roads has been prepared and submitted to TNRSP by the consultant. 4.7.3 Common Property Resources (CPRs) and Sensitive receptors There are important community structures along the project roads, which has cultural and sociological importance. The details of common property resources and sensitive receptors along the project roads along are as detailed in Table 4-30. Table 4-30 : Common Property Resources and Sensitive Receptors along the Project Roads Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 1) List of Hand pumps Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village 28.25 RHS Hand Pump Parapatti 31.03 LHS Hand Pump Ilaiyarasanendal 40.85 LHS Hand Pump Kovilpatti 41.60 LHS Hand Pump Kovilpatti 42.12 RHS Hand Pump Kovilpatti 44.65 RHS Hand Pump Kovilpatti 91.8 of SH32 RHS Hand Pump Ettayapuram 55.50 RHS Hand Pump Ettayapuram 55.90 RHS Hand Pump Ettayapuram Source: Primary suvery, February – March 2014 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-88 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 2) List of Open Wells Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village 24.85 RHS Open Well Naduvapatti 25.15 LHS Open Well(with boundry) Naduvapatti 26.10 LHS Open Well Naduvapatti 26.70 LHS Open Well Naduvapatti 26.70 RHS Open Well Naduvapatti 27.58 LHS Open Well Parapatti 27.80 RHS Open Well Parapatti 29.00 RHS Open Well Parapatti 29.50 LHS Open Well Parapatti 34.80 LHS Open Well Venkadasalapuram 40.18 RHS Open Well Kovilpatti 44.50 RHS Open Well Kovilpatti 51.84 RHS Open Well Kumaragiri 54.50 LHS Open Well Tank Ilambuvanam Source: Primary suvery, February – March 2014 3) List of Tubewells and Tap Water Tank (TWT) Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village 26.30 LHS Tubewell with Shelter Naduvapatti 37.40 RHS Tubewell Puthuapaneri 24.85 RHS TWT +Tubewell Naduvapatti 25.17 LHS TWT +Tubewell Naduvapatti 28.25 RHS TWT +Tubewell Parapatti 31.03 RHS TWT +Tubewell Ilaiyarasanendal 36.55 LHS TWT+Tubewell Puthuapaneri 31.02 RHS TWT Ilaiyarasanendal 49.80 RHS TWT kovilpatti Source: Primary suvery, February – March 2014 4) List of Religious Structures (Sensitive Receptors) Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village 24.410 RHS Kannivinayagar Temple Mukkuttumalai 26.200 LHS Ramapuli Ayyarnar, Temple Sippipari 27.500 RHS Kali Amman Temple Nakkal muttampatti 27.620 RHS Shaktivinayagar Temple Nakkal muttampatti 27.650 RHS R.C. Christian Church and School Nakkal muttampatti 30.200 LHS Irulasu Swamy Temple Ilaiyarasanendal 30.500 LHS Pathinattampadi Karuppaswamy Ilaiyarasanendal 39.950 LHS Sembaveliyamman Temple Kovil Patti 39.980 RHS Mangla Vinayagar Temple Kovil Patti 41.200 LHS Varasakthi Vinayagar Temple and Income Tax Office Kovil Patti 44.500 RHS Kali Aman Temple Tittangulam DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-89 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village 45.000 LHS Church Tittangulam 46.900 LHS Vinayagar Temple Tittangulam 52.350 LHS Pomariamman Temple (Big Temple) Ilambuvanam 54.600 LHS Chellathai Amman Temple Ilambuvanam 55.600 LHS Vinayagar Temple Ilambuvanam 56.000 RHS Vinayagar Temple Ilambuvanam 92.00 (SH-32) LHS Uttandaraman Temple Ilambuvanam Source: Primary suvery, February – March 2014 5) List of Educational Institutes (Sensitive Receptors) Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village 24.460 RHS Panchayat and Library Mukkuttumalai 24.840 LHS Indu Elementary School Mukkuttumalai 27.520 RHS Old R.C. Elementary School Nakkal muttampatti 27.530 RHS Self Helf Group (Woman) Nakkal muttampatti 27.650 RHS R.C. Christian Church and School Nakkal muttampatti 30.800 LHS Govt. Higher Sec. School Ilaiyarasanendal 36.000 LHS G. Venkataswamy Nadu College Kovil Patti 38.000 LHS Micro Point ITI college Kovil Patti 41.600 LHS Govt. Ladies Hostel Kovil Patti 41.8 LHS Govt. Library Kovil Patti 42.100 RHS V.O.C. Govt. Higher Sec. School Kovil Patti 42.200 LHS Kammavar Ladies Higer Sec. School Kovil Patti 43.500 LHS Thiruvalluvar ITI college Kovil Patti 44.600 LHS Govt. Primary School Tittangulam 50.900 RHS C.K.T. Matriculation Higer Sec. School Kumaragiri 52.400 RHS Govt. Primary School Ilambuvanam 52.450 RHS Self Helf Group (Woman) Ilambuvanam 53.300 LHS Bharathiar Ladies Polytechnique college Ettayapuram RHS Bharathiar Ladies Polytechnique college 53.300 Ettayapuram Hostel 53.400 RHS Bharathiar Ladies Ladies Higher Sec. School Ettayapuram 54.500 LHS Mariappa Elementary School Ettayapuram 54.650 LHS Sub Registrar Office Ettayapuram LHS Maha Kavi Subramaniabharathiar Memorial 55.000 Ettayapuram Hall and Park Source: Primary suvery, February – March 2014 6) List of Hospital/Health Centers (Sensitive Receptors) Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village 31.600 LHS Govt. Public Health Center Ilaiyarasanendal 40.025 LHS Gowori Hospital Kovil Patti 41.800 RHS Vetanary Hospital Kovil Patti Source: Primary suvery, February – March 2014 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-90 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 1) List of Hand pumps Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village 2.710 LHS Hand Pump EraippOvari 5.550 LHS Hand Pump Eamankulam 5.790 LHS Hand Pump Eamankulam 6.010 LHS Hand Pump Eamankulam 9.580 LHS Hand Pump Subramaniyapuram 19.300 RHS Hand Pump Mannarpuram 33.600 LHS Hand Pump Idaiyangudi Source: Primary suvery, February – March 2014 2) List of Open Wells Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village 0.060 LHS Open Well and Water Tank Naguneri 2.700 LHS Open Well EraippOvari 8.210 LHS Open Well and Over Water Tank Subramaniyapuram 9.580 LHS Open Well Subramaniyapuram 15.400 LHS Open well South Vijaynarayanam 16.440 RHS Open Well South Vijaynarayanam 17.780 LHS Open Well South Vijaynarayanam 25.100 LHS Open Well Kumaraapuram 25.750 LHS Open Well Kumaraapuram 31.400 LHS Open Well Idaiyangudi Source: Primary suvery, February – March 2014 3) List of Tube wells Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village 0.035 RHS Tube Well Naguneri 2.200 LHS Tube well with Tap Water Tank Thattankualm 2.760 LHS Tube well with Tap Water Tank EraippOvari 3.680 LHS Tube well with Tap Water Tank Perumal Nagar 5.550 LHS Tube well with Tap Water Tank Eamankulam 5.780 LHS Tube well with Tap Water Tank Eamankulam 8.390 RHS Tube well with Tap Water Tank Subramaniyapuram 8.600 LHS Tube well with Tap Water Tank Subramaniyapuram 10.580 RHS Tube well with Tap Water Tank Elangulan 11.400 LHS Tube well with Tap Water Tank Elangulan 12.190 LHS Tube well with Tap Water Tank Kamaraj Nagar 12.400 RHS Tube well with Tap Water Tank Vijaynarayanam 16.300 RHS Tube well with Tap Water Tank South Vijaynarayanam 34.000 LHS Tube well and Chamber Uvary 34.400 LHS Tube well and Chamber Uvary DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-91 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village 34.580 LHS Tube well and Chamber Uvary 34.650 LHS Tube well and Chamber Uvary Source: Primary suvery, March-April 2014 4) List of Water Tanks and Over Head Tanks Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village 2.700 LHS Over Head Water Supply Tank EraippOvari 5.300 LHS Tap Water Tank Eamankulam 10.800 RHS Tap Water Tank Elangulan 13.100 RHS Tap Water Tank Vijaynarayanam 14.650 RHS Open Water Tank South Vijaynarayanam 15.450 LHS Tap Water Tank South Vijaynarayanam 16.300 LHS Over Head Water Supply Tank South Vijaynarayanam 24.800 RHS Over Head Water Supply Tank Kumaraapuram 25.300 LHS Over Head Water Supply Tank Kumaraapuram 27.800 LHS Over Head Water Supply Tank Bala Sithivanagar 29.500 RHS Water Supply Tank (PHED) Appuvilai 29.600 LHS Over Head Water Supply Tank Appuvilai 33.600 LHS Over Head Water Supply Tank Idaiyangudi Source: Primary suvery, February – March 2014 5) List of Religious Structures (Sensitive Receptors) Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village 0.060 RHS Balavinayagar Temple Naguneri 0.800 LHS Meborn Assembly of God Naguneri 2.730 LHS Amman Temple EraippOvari 2.790 LHS Sudalaisamy Temple EraippOvari 3.300 LHS St. Antony S. Church West KaranKadu 3.700 LHS Shri Athisaya Vinayagar Temple Perumal Nagar 5.830 LHS Sudalaisamy Temple Eamankulam 8.400 RHS Temple Subramaniyapuram 8.400 RHS Temple Subramaniyapuram 8.500 RHS Amman Temple Subramaniyapuram 8.630 RHS Sudalai Andavar Temple Temple Subramaniyapuram 10.540 RHS Antony Church Subramaniyapuram 10.620 LHS CSI Church Elangulan 11.300 LHS Church Elangulan 11.450 LHS Terumal Temple Bharati Nagar 15.600 RHS Sodalai Temple South Vijaynarayanam 16.000 RHS Sodalai Temple South Vijaynarayanam 17.350 RHS Sodalai Temple South Vijaynarayanam 18.000 RHS St. Lorth Matha Church Mannarpuram 19.300 RHS Essakiamman Temple Mannarpuram 20.800 LHS Arockiamatha Church Mannarpuram DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-92 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village 21.300 RHS The Pent Coastal Mission Mannarpuram 25.350 RHS CSI Church Kumaraapuram 27.500 RHS Nallamadasamy Temple Bala Sithivanagar 28.500 RHS Vinayagar Temple Bala Sithivanagar 28.800 RHS Santhi Amman Temple Bala Sithivanagar 29.400 RHS Soran Vinayagar Temple Bala Sithivanagar 29.510 RHS Shri Mutharamman Temple Appuvilai 29.600 RHS Shri. Selva Vinayagar Temple Appuvilai 31.900 LHS Church Idaiyangudi Source: Primary suvery, February – March 2014 6) List of Educational Institutes (Sensitive Receptors) Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village Old Age Home, Arsan Rural Development 0.200 RHS Naguneri Society 0.450 RHS Little Flower Community College Naguneri 5.800 LHS Panchayat Library Eamankulam 8.390 RHS Shivguru Nursery School Subramaniyapuram 9.070 RHS Govt. Nursery School Subramaniyapuram 9.900 RHS Rattish Nursery and Primary School Subramaniyapuram 10.500 RHS T.D.T.A. Govt. Middle School Subramaniyapuram 10.550 RHS Govt. Higher Sec. School Elangulan 14.400 LHS RECT Poly Technic college South Vijaynarayanam 14.910 LHS Panchayat Union School South Vijaynarayanam 16.900 LHS R.C. Agasthiar School South Vijaynarayanam 22.300 LHS St. Antony S. College of Education Anagal Nagar 25.000 LHS Panchayat Union middle School Kumaraapuram 30.200 RHS Lions Matriculation School Appuvilai 32.050 LHS Cold Well Memorial Higher Sec. School Idaiyangudi Source: Primary suvery, February – March 2014 7) List of Graveyards Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village 0.010 LHS Grave Yard Naguneri 0.05 LHS Grave Yard Naguneri 3.000 LHS Grave Yard West KaranKadu 6.000 Both Side Grave Yard Eamankulam 8.900 RHS Grave Yard Subramaniyapuram 17.770 Both Side Grave Yard South Vijaynarayanam 23.300 RHS Grave Yard Nalandullah Source: Primary Social Survey, February – March 2014 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-93 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 1) List of Hand pumps Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village 5+410 RHS Hand pump Madhukudy 17+390 LHS Hand pump Paruvakudi 18+060 RHS Hand pump Paruvakudi 18+080 RHS Hand pump Paruvakudi 18+100 RHS Hand pump Paruvakudi 21+570 RHS Hand pump Kulalaikanni 74+680 RHS Hand pump Rastha 73+880 LHS Hand pump Salaipudur Source: Primary Social Survey: March-April 2014 2) List of Wells Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village 15+860 LHS Open Well Paruvakudi 18+050 Open bore well Paruvakudi 74+840 RHS Well Rastha Source: Primary Social Survey: March-April 2014 3) List of Over Head Tanks(OHT) and Water Tanks Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village 8+550 LHS OHT Cholapuram 12+850 LHS Water Tank Solaicherry 20+120 RHS Water Tank Karivalamvanthanallur 20+600 RHS OHT Karivalamvanthanallur 41+100 LHS OHT Gurukulpatti 47+700 LHS Water Tank Panavadalichaithiram 52+800 RHS Water Tank Masiyapuram 55+800 RHS OHT Durkanagar 72+980 LHS Water Tank Salaipudi 70+720 RHS Water Tank Manur 74+760 RHS Water Tank Rastha 78+600 RHS Water Tank Sedurayanpudur Source: Primary Social Survey: March-April 2014 4) List of Religious Structures (Sensitive Receptors) Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village 4+300 RHS Temple Mudhukudi 5+450 RHS Shrine Mudhukudi 6+550 RHS Temple Mudhukudi 6+570 RHS Temple Mudhukudi 6+700 LHS Shrine Mudhukudi DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-94 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village 7+200 LHS Temple Cholapuram 7+400 RHS Temple Cholapuram 7+800 LHS Church Cholapuram 7+900 RHS Church Cholapuram 8+500 RHS Temple Cholapuram 9+420 LHS Temple Cholapuram 10+900 RHS Temple Velayuthapuram 19+000 RHS Temple Paruvakudi 19+970 RHS Temple Karivalamvanthanallur 20+100 RHS Temple Karivalamvanthanallur 20+140 LHS Shrine Karivalamvanthanallur 20+500 RHS Temple Karivalamvanthanallur 20+600 RHS Temple Karivalamvanthanallur 21+400 LHS Church Karivalamvanthanallur 21+600 RHS Church Karivalamvanthanallur 25+150 LHS Church Paramputurdarm 25+200 LHS Temple Paramputurdarm 25+570 LHS Temple Paramputurdarm 25+600 RHS Temple Paramputurdarm 26+110 RHS Temple Paramputurdarm 29+400 LHS Temple Sankarakovil 29+400 RHS Temple Sankarakovil 29+500 RHS Temple Sankarakovil 30+900 LHS Temple Sankarakovil 32+050 LHS Church Sankarakovil 33+200 RHS Temple Sankarakovil 34+600 RHS Temple Sankarakovil 34+850 LHS Temple Sankarakovil 34+900 LHS Temple Sankarakovil 47+900 RHS Shrine Panavadalichaithiram 49+800 RHS Temple Tirkpannavacroli 53+000 RHS Temple Masiyapuram 58+000 RHS Temple Deverkulam 58+100 LHS Church Deverkulam 58+500 RHS Temple Deverkulam 59+900 RHS Temple Suppiahpuram 63+400 RHS Temple Aliapandipuram 64+800 RHS Temple Alakiyapandiapuram 70+000 RHS Temple Manur 70+900 RHS Temple Manur 72+170 RHS Temple Mavadi 72+970 RHS Temple Salaipudi 74+850 RHS Temple Rastha 76+400 RHS Temple Nariuth DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-95 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village 78+400 RHS Temple Sadurayanpudur Source: Primary Social Survey: March-April 2014 5) List of Educational Institutes (Sensitive Receptors) Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village 9+400 RHS School Cholapuram 16+200 LHS College Paruvakudi 26+800 LHS School Sankarakovil 27+750 RHS School Sri Gomathipuram 29+500 LHS School Sankarakovil 44+500 LHS School Melaneelithnulur 47+200 RHS School Ayalpatti 55+200 RHS School Vannikonedhal 57+100 RHS School Adikulampuram Source 6) List of Hospitals (Sensitive Receptors) Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village 21+200 RHS Hospital Karivalamvanthanallur Source: Primary Social Survey: March-April 2014 7) List of Graveyards Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village 7+150 RHS Grave Yard Cholapuram 32+400 LHS Grave Yard Sankarakovil 59+150 LHS Grave Yard Deverkulam Source: Primary Social Survey: March-April 2014 8) List of Petrol Pumps Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village 9+000 RHS Patrol Pump Cholapuram 19+300 Patrol Pump Karivalamvanthanallur 32+200 LHS Patrol Pump Sankarakovil 46+900 LHS Patrol Pump Ayalpatti 53+400 LHS Patrol Pump Masiyapuram 71+200 RHS Patrol Pump Manur 84+320 RHS Patrol Pump Ramaianpatti Source: Primary Social Survey: March-April 2014 9) List of Bus Shelters Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village 7+850 RHS Bus Shelter Cholapuram 7+950 RHS Bus Shelter Cholapuram 9+900 LHS Bus Shelter Velayuthapuram DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-96 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village 10+900 LHS Bus Shelter Velayuthapuram 12+800 RHS Bus Shelter Solaicherry 13+030 RHS Bus Shelter Solaicherry 14+400 RHS Bus Shelter Senthattiyapuram 16+250 LHS Bus Shelter Paruvakudi 17+300 LHS Bus Shelter Paruvakudi 18+100 LHS Bus Shelter Paruvakudi 20+900 RHS Bus Shelter Karivalamvanthanallur 21+200 RHS Bus Shelter Karivalamvanthanallur 21+900 RHS Bus Shelter Kuvalaikanni 23+500 RHS Bus Shelter Alagnchiapuram 25+210 LHS Bus Shelter Paramputurdarm 26+100 LHS Bus Shelter Paramputurdarm 26+850 LHS Bus Shelter Paramputurdarm 27+750 RHS Bus Shelter Sri Gomathipuram 28+420 LHS Bus Shelter Sri Gomathipuram 29+600 LHS Bus Shelter Sankarakovil 29+650 RHS Bus Shelter Sankarakovil 31+800 LHS Bus Shelter Sankarakovil 35+800 RHS Bus Shelter K. Marudhappapuram 37+300 RHS Bus Shelter Kovinamkulam 38+400 LHS Bus Shelter Muthukrishnapuram 40+150 RHS Bus Shelter Gurukulpatti 45+700 RHS Bus Shelter Thirumalapuram 46+000 RHS Bus Shelter Ayalpatti 48+020 LHS Bus Shelter panavadalichaithiram 48+700 RHS Bus Shelter Badakpanavadali 49+850 RHS Bus Shelter Tirkpannavacroli 50+400 RHS Bus Shelter Narikudi 52+800 RHS Bus Shelter Masiyapuram 56+200 RHS Bus Shelter Adikulampuram 60+500 LHS Bus Shelter Suppiahpuram 64+400 LHS Bus Shelter Alakiyapandiapuram 67+100 LHS Bus Shelter Keelapilaiyar 67+850 RHS Bus Shelter Kanarpatti 70+800 RHS Bus Shelter Manur 71+700 LHS Bus Shelter Jemi nagar 72+200 LHS Bus Shelter Mavadi 73+050 RHS Bus Shelter Salaipudi 74+800 RHS Bus Shelter Rastha 76+700 RHS Bus Shelter Nariuth 78+900 LHS Bus Shelter Sadurayanpudur 79+900 RHS Bus Shelter S.R.R Nagar 82+780 RHS Bus Shelter Ramaianpatti DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-97 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Source: Primary Social Survey: March-April 2014 10) List of Other Structures Chainage (Km) Side CPR Village 5+300 RHS Ambedker statue Mudhukudi 21+800 LHS Panchyat office Kuvalaikanni Source: Primary Social Survey: March-April 2014 4.7.4 Cultural heritage sites Tamil Nadu has a rich cultural heritage. As part of baseline assessment, secondary literature review and stakeholder consultations were undertaken including local community consultations to assess the cultural environment in the project districts. Based on the consultations and review of secondary literature, it is observed that there are no archaeological and historical sites of importance in proximity to the project roads. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4-98 CHAPTER 5 STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 5 STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION 5.1 INTRODUCTION Stakeholder consultation is one of the integral issues of the road project. Stakeholder consultation is a two way process which involves the interaction of various stakeholders and the project proponent. It is highly desirable for all key stakeholders to arrive at a consensus on sensitive features, issues, impacts and remedial actions. It is useful for gathering making them understand the project alternatives and mitigation and enhancement measures and last but not the least the compensation packages arrived for the affected population. Consultative procedure since the inception of the project has been continued during design and Environmental Assessment stage (First round) considering the fact that involving local communities in the project planning is basis of the participatory planning. Because, often suggestion and option given by the people improves technical and economic efficiency of the project and suggested improvements proposals (if adopted by the project) of the people also generates sense of ownership within communities thus eases implementation process. Following section highlights level of consultative procedure adopted at various stages, strategies to participatory and continued consultation, lessons learnt from the stakeholder‟s consultation in project planning. 5.2 PRELIMINARY CONSULTATION Informal public consultations with locals were conducted by environmental and social experts along the project roads during site visit. The main objective of the public consultation was to aware the community with regard to the proposed development and to obtain their views and suggestions on the likely impacts due to the project and their mitigations. The details of informal consultations are provided in Appendix 5.1. 5.3 CONSULTATION PLANNING 5.3.1 Identification of Stakeholders Identification of important Stakeholders for this project is done taking into consideration of their expected roles in the planning and implementation of the project. Primary stakeholders are the main stakeholders with whom the project will have direct interaction. Primary Stakeholders Secondary Stakeholders  Potential PAPs;  Groups of affected people  DFO (District Forest Officer) of  Highways Engineers/ TNRSP Officials Tirunelveli, Toothukudi and  Village representatives like Sarpanch and Virudhunagar Districts members, PRIs, Village level health  District Administration workers, Patwaris  Revenue Department  Local voluntary organizations like CBOs and  Local Bodies NGOs  Block Development Officers DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 5-1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 5.3.2 Planning for Consultation The consultation mechanism has been planned in stages at each level of project preparation. While village level and Block level consultation was planned during environmental assessment continue till the operation stage, District level consultation, key informant interview and other focused consultative procedure was planned during detailed environmental impact assessment stage. One of the features of present consultation program is to have continued involvement of local engineers of TNRSP in planning and preparation of environmental management framework for the implementation of project largely based on input from concern stakeholders. The consultation strategies and phases have been discussed below. Table 5-1: Planning and Present Status of Consultation Level of Stakeholders Start Stages Future course Consultation PPAPs, community, Village Design and Completed Women groups, NGOs DPR stage FGD conducted TNRSP Officials PIU and Field Design and Continued Offices DPR stage Revenue Officials, Forest Tehsil/Block DPR stage Continued Officials District Officials of line District DPR stage Continued Department, such as DRDA, Forest, SLAO Pollution Control Board State DPR stage Continued District and State Forest State DPR stage Continued Officials 5.4 CONSULTATION DURING DESIGN STAGE–FIRST ROUND CONSULTATION 5.4.1 Structured Consultation – Local Level To provide better and qualitative planning options; consultations with specific objectives, agenda were conducted in structured manner. For this purpose, much advance date and venue of consultation were fixed in coordination with the PRIs representatives at villages level and Tehsildar, Forest officials (range official) etc. Such planned consultation has brought emergent issues of proposed road improvement in the agenda for discussion, some of the suggestion given by the community really highlighted crux of local concern of proposed improvement as well as management plan needs to adopted for their local concern. One of the basic feature of the present consultation strategy to involve local R&B engineers, revenue administration in project planning simultaneously so that implementation could be faster and focused Structured Public Consultations (PC) were conducted jointly by Technical, Social and Environment team members along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 5-2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 on 13.05.2014 and Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 on 15.05.2014. Consultaions were conducted along Rajapalayam- Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41 on 24.06.2014. These public consultations were planned for every 15-20km stretch on roads (2 consultations were conducted for each road- SH44 and SH89 project road sections and 3 consultations were conducted for SH41 project road section). All technical, social and environmental issues pertaining to that stretch were briefed and discussed. After a systematic analysis, the project team of consultant invited above mentioned identified major groups of stakeholders (section 5.3.1) related to this project to attend the formal public consultations. The details of public consultations along with minutes, attendance sheets and photographs are provided in Appendix 5.1. Videography of consultations has been submitted to TNRSP separately. The Outcomes of Public Consultation are as follows: Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44:  Bypass proposal for Ettayapuram is not feasible. Hence the Ettayapuram habitat is restricted to edge to edge improvement in congested area to avoid loss of livelihood from km 56/100 to km57/600  The Mahakavi Bharathiyar Memorial and Birth place will be provided with enhanced tourist attraction measures.  Boundaries of the open well, ponds will be provided with boundary walls as a mitigation measure.  Curve improvement with realignment in Sippiparai and Ayyaneri Village to reduce accidents. Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89:  Realignment feasibility studied for Tisayanvilai and major realignment is approved by the World Bank and TNRSP.  The Idaingudi by pass proposal was studied and decision was made saying unviable. The Idanyankudi Village will be strengthened with edge to edge improvement.  The Ovari Siva Temple will be considered for enhanced proposal of development nearby tourist/ pilgrimage places.  The road will be extended upto ECR junction. Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41:  The Public Consultation process in Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41 helped the design team for a better understanding for the rationale for Sankarankoil Bypass.  The public highlighted the accident prone areas which need to be addressed.  The meetings expressed the interest of the public for better roads. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 5-3 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41  The consultation process helped the villagers and elected representative to get clarified and to avoid misunderstanding about the project implementation.  These meetings acted as a preliminary rapport building exercise to assure cooperation from the public.  Identified the need for improved quality bridges along the road. 5.4.2 Focussed Group Discussion FGDs were held along project roads to address and understand various issues including religios properties, relocation of community buildings, relocation of water resources and enhancement proposal for Hot spot zones (even if not affected). The details are included in Social Impact Assessment Report, Volume VII Part B of DPR. 5.4.3 District Level Consultation Consultation with Forest Officials : Since, the Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary is located within 10km radius of SH89, consultation was conducted with Divisional Forest Officer, Tirunelveli, who is the warden for the Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary regarding details of sanctuary such as location, size, bird species, migratory birds their RET status etc. Consultation was also conducted with Wildlife Warden, Srivilliputtur Grizzled Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary (falling within 10km distance from project road) regarding details of sanctuary such as location, size, species and their RET status etc. The details are provided in section 4.6.2 of Chapter 4. 5.4.4 State Level Consultation State level consultation was held at Chennai involving State Secretaries of Highways, Forest and Environment Department, along with official of Tamil Nadu State Pollution Control Board and TNRSP Officials. The prime concern of the State level consultation was to formalize procedure and mechanism of regulatory clearances, utility shifting, land acquisition etc. various other issues are discussed regularly with state level officers. 5.5 LESSONS LEARNT FROM CONSULTATION AND SUGGESTED FRAMEWORK FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 5.5.1 Issues of Tree Cutting The proposed widening of project roads will lead to tree cutting falling within COI. While discussing strategies to save trees people suggested that small trees (<30cm girth size) should be replanted. Thus, survey has been conducted to identify such trees for transplantation and is a part of tree plantation strategy. Also, locals suggested saving old pulee and neem trees and plantation of these species for road side plantation. Therefore, it was decided that tree felling would be restricted and alignment design has been prepared with an objective to save maximum number of trees. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 5-4 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 5.5.2 Compensatory Afforestation Compensatory plantation will be done in the ratio of 1:10 for affected trees >30cm in girth size. Community during consultation has suggested to plant local species, which provide shelter to the people (Canopy building trees) and fruit bearing trees. 5.5.3 Monitoring Plan and Training Information collected during environment (air quality, water quality and other parameters) survey and consultation suggests periodic monitoring plan should be gauged by considering specific but limited number of environmental parameters. Therefore, Monitoring strategies for the project should devise a specific plan. Training and capacity building component of environmental team should be part of consolidated training program and budgeted in training and institutional component of the project. 5.5.4 Community Properties Resources (CPRs) Enhancement Enhancement measures have been proposed for some community properties. This is learnt from consultation that generally CPRs do not receive due attention during construction as a result actual enhancement do not take place. Therefore project authority should plan for alternative implementation arrangement or strengthen its periodic monitoring of physical and financial progress of such enhancement. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 5-5 CHAPTER 6 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 6 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 6.1 GENERAL There are few sharp and blind curves along the project roads for which major and minor realignments have been proposed to improve the geometric and safety. No bypass is proposed along project roads. A Bypass is proposed at Sankarankoil from Km 28/000 to Km 33/800 on Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 by C&M Highways Department. The same is not under consultant‟s scope of work. Along Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89, consultant have explored the possibility of major realignment at Tisaiyanvillai village, a major congested point. Consultant has carried out the option study of the alternatives possible based on environmental, social and technical aspects. 6.2 REALIGNMENTS ALONG SH44- NADUVAPATTI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM ROAD (KM 22/500 TO KM 38/750 AND KM 41/300 TO KM 56/700) 1) Details of Realignment (major horizontal curve improvements) e) Km 24/430 to Km 24/605 The stretch is passing through Mukkuttumalai village. Straight realignment is proposed to improve the curve radius. One well is being impacted due to this realignment. There is no major environmental impact. f) Km 26/200 to km 26/350  The stretch from km 26/200 to km 26/350 is passing through sippiparai village. The existing alignment has a continuous sharp curve with the poor sight distance. So, to improve the geometry of the road, realignment is proposed.  There is no major environmental and social impact in this realignment. g) Km 30/100 to km 30/200  The stretch is passing through Elayarasanenedal village. To improve the curve radius, realignment is proposed for a length of 100m.  There is no major environmental and social impact in this realignment. h) Km 35/220 to km 35/600  The stretch from km 35/220 to km 35/600 is passing through Ayyaneri village. The existing alignment has a continuous sharp reverse curve with the poor sight distance.  Also, a major causeway exists across the project road with pipe vents which are in poor condition. So to improve the geometry of the road, realignment with a curve radius of 240m is proposed and a minor bridge is proposed.  There is no major environmental and social impact in this realignment. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 6-1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 6.3 REALIGNMENTS ALONG SH89- NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM -OVARI ROAD UPTO ECR JUNCTION (KM 0/000 TO KM 35/200) 1. Major Realignment from km 26+200 to km 26+700 The alignment from km 26+200 to km 26+700 has a continuous sharp reverse curve with the poor sight distance. The existing Features at this location are given below: S.No Description Features 1 Village Name Tisaiyanvillai 2 Carriageway width 7.0 m 3 Existing ROW 20m -24m 4 Pavement condition Poor 5 Land Use Agriculture/Open Land 6 Geometrical Deficiencies 4 sharp curves of radius 30m,130m, 180m & 40m 7 Existing Speed 20 kmph 8 Environmental Issues Nallah running parallel to road 9 Social Issues 3 Houses and 1 temple along the road 10 CD Structures 1 Slab Culvert & 1 Causeway Sharp Curve (1) at Chainage 26+440, SH89 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 6-2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Sharp Curve (2) at Chainage 26+615, SH89 Sharp Curve (3 & 4) at Chainage 26+800, SH89 From the above features, it is observed that, the exiting alignment need to be improved geometrically to achieve the minimum design speed of 80 kmph, so that the homogeneous speed can be maintained. The geometrical improvement for the individual curve has the less possibility to achieve the design speed and sight distance. Hence to make the curve ease and to accommodate the two lane with paved shoulder, a single curve is proposed from km 26+200 to km 26+700 for the design speed of 80kmph. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 6-3 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 The features of proposed realignment are given below: S.No Description Features 1 Carriageway width 7.0 m 2 Shoulder Width 1.5m Paved, 1m Earthen on Both sides 3 Drain Unlined Drain 1.5m 4 PROW 23m (Rural Section) 5 Geometrical Improvements Single curve of radius 500m 6 Proposed Speed 80 kmph 7 Environmental Issues Passing through Agriculture land 8 Social Issues Land Acquisition- about 1.45 Hectares 9 CD Structures Proposed 1 Minor Bridge, Widening of existing culvert Thus, the realignment is justified taking into account technical, social and environmental issues. The horizontal design for the improvement proposal is given below: Proposed Realignment along SH89 from km 26+250 to km 26+800 2. Major Realignment – Tisaiyanvillai village between km 26+800 to km 29+672 is the major congested stretch along SH89 for which a major realignment is required. Consultants have studies three alternative options to propose the realignment. The alternative options (I, II and III) are shown below in the figure and the comparative statement of these options is presented in subsequent table. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 6-4 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Alternative options for Tisaiyanvillai major Realignment Table 6-1: Comparative Statement for Various Tisaiyanvillai Realignment option-SH89 S.No Description Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 1 Length 2.96 km 3.19 km 3.70 km 2 Land Passes through Wet - 20%, Dry Wet - 40%, Dry - Wet - 60%, Dry - - 80% 60% 40% 3 Number of curves 6 nos 8 nos 6 nos 4 Number of CD Structures 1 pipe vent 1 culvert - causeway 5 Number of Junctions 3 nos 3 nos 3 nos 6 Number of Built up sections passing 1 no 3 nos 3 nos 7 Alignment passing existing road 120m 550m 320m 8 Environmental Trees to be cut Around 35 Around 60 tress Around 90 trees Impacts tress Water Bodies Crossing one Crossing at two Crossing at two stream locations locations Wildlife/Bird Nil Nil Nil Sanctury Reserve Forest Nil Nil Nil 9 Social Impacts Structures 1 Motor pump 6 structures 10 structures Affected building Well/Sump/Tank 1 Nil Nil Land Acquisition 5.50 Hectares 5.30 Hectares 7.0 Hectares CRZ Nil Nil Nil 10 Approximate Project Cost (Including 9 Crores 9.8 Crores 11.5 Crores LA) DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 6-5 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 On the basis of above optional studies of alternative alignments based on environmental, social and technical aspects, Option I has been suggested by the Consultant and subsequently approved by TNRSP. 3. Details of other realignments (major horizontal curve improvements) There are also proposal for minor realignments to improve the geometric and safety along the road. These are as follows: Realignment from km 0/600 to km 0/800 The alignment length is 250 m located at village Nanguneri Realignment from km 24/100 to km 24/600 The alignment length is 500m m located at village Mamnapuram 6.4 REALIGNMENTS ALONG RAJAPALAYAM - SANKARANKOIL – TIRUNELVELI (KM 1/800 TO KM 28/000 AND KM 33/800 TO KM 82/800), SECTION OF SH41 There are only following proposed realignments along the project road: Table 6-2: Realignment sections along Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41 Chainage From To Length (km) Reason for Realignment (km) (km) 16/850 17/250 0.40 Curve Improvement 25/050 25/400 0.35 Curve Improvement 34/450 34/600 0.15 Curve Improvement 41/380 41/780 0.40 Curve Improvement 50/620 50/880 0.26 Curve Improvement 50/980 51/300 0.32 Curve Improvement 70/950 71/150 0.20 Curve Improvement Thus, there is no applicability of undertaking alternate analysis for this project road. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 6-6 CHAPTER 7 PROJECT IMPACTS AND ISSUES HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 7 PROJECT IMPACTS AND ISSUES 7.1 PROJECT IMPACTS AND ISSUES Previous chapters of this report have dealt about-proposed improvement and existing environmental condition. Following sections summarizes impact of proposed improvement of project roads on existing environment. As mentioned in earlier section the improvement proposal envisages 2-lane roads with paved/earthen shoulder as a result direct impact zone up to towline is in the range of 16-23 meters of corridors (except a small stretch of 4 laning along SH44 project road where direct impact zone will be 28m) and magnitude of indirect impact varies depending upon location of environmental receptors and type of impact. The planning of proposed project intervention point towards the impacts in the pre construction, the construction stages and the operation stage. The subsequent sections deal with the prediction of impacts due to the project on the natural environment and socio & cultural environment. Table 7-1 and Table 7-2 present the general environmental impacts expected due to the proposed up-gradation of the project roads. Impacts have been assessed based on the information collected from the screening & scoping of environmental attributes. The quanta of all the impacts on Natural Environment are discussed in details in subsequent paragraphs. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Table 7-1: General Impacts on Natural Environment Indirect effects of Planning Project Road Opera- operation or and Design Pre-construction Phase Construction Phase Activity tion Induced Phase development Env. Vehicle & Earth works Sanitation & com- Land Removal of Removal of trees and Laying of Machine Asphalt & Vehicle including Waste (labour ponent acquisition Structures vegetation pavement operation & crusher plants operation quarrying campus) Affected maintenance Dust Reduced buffering of Noise, soot, generation air and noise pollution, Dust Asphalt Noise, dust, Odour / Noise, dust, Air odour, dust, other pollution during Hotter, drier generation odour pollution smoke pollution pollution dismantling microclimate Contamination Spill from Loss of Contamination Contami- Generation Erosion and loss of Erosion and by fuel and accidents Change in cropping Land productive Compaction of nation from of debris top soil loss of top soil lubricants Deposition of pattern Land soil wastes Compaction lead Alteration of drainage Reduction of Spill Contami- Break in conti- Contami- Loss of ground Contamination Contamination nation by fuel, Increased con- Siltation due Siltation due to loose nuity of ditches nation from Water water water by fuel and by asphalt lubricants and tamination of to loose earth earth Siltation, wastes sources recharge lubricants leakage or fuel washing of ground water Stagnant Overuse water pools in area vehicles quarries. Noise Pollution Noise Noise Noise Noise Noise Noise Noise due to Pollution Pollution Pollution Pollution Pollution Pollution machinery Impact of pollution on Lowered Lower vegetation Loss of productivity Removal of productivity Felling trees Flora Lowered Biomass Loss of ground vegetation Use as fuel for fuel productivity for vegetation wood Toxicity of vegetation. Disturbance Collision with Fauna Disturbance Disturbance Disturbance Poaching Distorted habitat Habitat loss traffic DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Besides, above-mentioned impact on natural environment there will be socio-economic impacts due to disruptions on the social and economic interactions of communities. This involves effect on both the adjacent communities (mostly direct) as well as the nearby communities (mostly indirect). The various impacts have been detailed as:  General impacts that apply to the entire project corridor,  Specific impacts on likely properties and PAPs, within the Corridor of Impact (CoI) of the project corridors. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-3 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Table 7-2: General Impacts on Social and Cultural Environment Operation Project Planning and Indirect Pre Construction Phase Construction Phase Activity Design Phase Direct Induced development Design de- Removal of Earth Vehicle & Social Asphalt and cisions & Land Removal of trees & works Laying of machine op- Labour Vehicle Component crusher - Implementation acquisition Structures vegetation including pavement eration & Camps operation Affected plants policies quarrying maintenance Dust on agri- Loss of land Loss of Loss of Conversion Agricultural Change in land cultural land - economic standing productive - - - - of Agricultural land prices reduce n value crops land Land productivity Loss of Noise, vi- Noise, vi- structures, Dust accu- Change in bration bration may Buildings and Debri mulation on Vibration building use - - - may cause - cause dam- - built structures generation, building and and noise and charac- damage to age to Noise and Air structure teristics structures structures pollution Loss of Displacement Noise and shade & Commu- of people Air pollution, community Air and nity Noise Anxiety and Psychologica Noise and Collision People and trees, Loss Odour noise clashes pollution, Induced fear among - l impact on Air with Community of fuel wood and dust pollution and with mi- Risk of pollution community people pollution pedestrians and fodder, discomfort grant la- accident loss of liveli- livestock Loss of bour hood and vehicles income Noise, vi- Damage Displacement Damage bration from vi- Cultural loss of Loss of sa- from vibra- Dust accu- - - may cause - - bration & - Assets structure from cred trees. tion & air mulation damage to air pollu- ROW pollution structure tion Pressure Damage to Dust accu- Utilities and Interruption in on exist- - - - - - utility and mulation on - Amenities supply ing amenities water bodies amenities DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-4 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Operation Project Planning and Indirect Pre Construction Phase Construction Phase Activity Design Phase Direct Induced development Collisions Increase Increase of Collisions Labour‟s Asphalt with vehi- Impact on in com- stagnant pedestri- Health & - - - - odour and cles, pedes- health due to munica- - water and ans & Safety dust trians & inhale of dust ble dis- disease livestock livestock eases DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-5 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 7.2 PROJECT INTERVENTION The project intervention necessitates dismantling of few roadside residential and commercial structures, removal of vegetation. Potential impacts and requirement of man, material and machineries required for project roads are provided in Table 7-3. Table 7-3: Potential Impacts and Requirement of Man, Materials & Machinery Quantity Quantity Quantity Sr.No. Description Unit Remarks SH44 SH89 SH41 Land 1 Ha 2.020 7.256 4.692 LPS prepared and submitted Acquisition Dismantling of 2 No.s 183 392 Residential/Commercial/both Structures 127 Removal of 3 trees (within No.s 1190 773 3923 >30cm girth size COI) Man, Material and Machinery Requirement for Construction Activity Total No.s of man days 5 Labour No.s 45 125 divided by time allotted for 50 construction activity Total Machinery working Operators and 6 No.s 20 50 time divided by 8hours of drivers 25 operator working. Semi skilled labour- One male/supervisor over 8 7 No.s 7 13 mate/superviso 8 labours. r Officers/ 8 No.s 3 4 12 in-charge Requirement for 9 Borrow Earth cum 1,40,.464 1,73,834 81,030 embankment, subgrade shoulder etc Concrete works, screening 10 Sand cum 36,408 37,940 103121 material and in GSB 11 Blue Metal cum 12,096 2,15,409 1,89,665 WMM, GSB, DBM All construction activities 12 Water Cum/day 159 175 290 and for worker use. Crusher Based on the project 13 Plant/BT plant/ No.s 1 2 requirement, capacity will be 1 Batching Plant judged. 16 Paver, Grader, No.s 1 each 1 each 2 each DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-6 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Quantity Quantity Quantity Sr.No. Description Unit Remarks SH44 SH89 SH41 17 Dumpers No.s 12 15 35 7.3 LAND ACQUISITION The project will require land acquisition for up-gradation of existing 2L carriageway to 2LPS (16m and 23m PROW). Besides the horizontal and vertical alignment improvement, additional land will be required to for realignment and geometric improvement as per IRC/MoRTH guidelines. Table 7.4 below presents the chainage wise details of land acquisition required for the project intervention. Table 7-4: Land Acquisition Details along Project roads No. of villages No. of No. of Name of the village where Extent of LA Road Name where LA is Km villages LA is involved (in 'Ha') involved 0.5072 Ilayarasenanthal Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - 0.0238 Nakkalamuthanpatti Ettayapuram - Vilathikulam - 0.9576 32.4 14 6 Appaneri Vembar Road, Section 0.2159 of SH44 Ayyaneri 0.3156 Mukkutumalai Total 2.0201 0.6570 Theku Nanguneri 0.5596 Irapuvari 0.0501 Karangadu Nanguneri - 0.0164 Ilangulam Bharatavaram Ovari Road 0.7392 Vijayanarayanam upto ECR 35.2 14 9 Junction, 0.1229 Kottaikarungulam Section of SH 89 1.0360 Thisayanvillai 0.9087 Mudhumothanmozhi 1.3280 Kumarapuram 0.2510 Kuttam DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-7 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 No. of villages No. of No. of Name of the village where Extent of LA Road Name where LA is Km villages LA is involved (in 'Ha') involved 1.5879 Karaichuttu Uvari 7.2568 Total 0.2569 Samsikapuram 0.1529 Therku Venganallur 0.0774 Cholapuram 0.0186 Perumalpatti 0.0288 Pandhapalli Rajapalayam- 0.1698 Paruvakudi Sankarankoil- Tirunelveli 0.1166 75.2 44 19 Karivalamvanthanallur section of SH- 41 0.7062 Kuvalaikani 0.6565 Perumpattur 0.2127 Therku Sankarankoil 0.1884 Kurukkalpatti 0.1803 Vadakku pannavadali 0.6543 Marukalangulam 0.029 Vanniconenthal 0.0256 Devarkulam 0.8335 Alagiapandiyapuram 0.2921 Manur 0.0429 Mavadi 0.0503 Melaneelithanallur Total 4.6928 *LA excluding Tisayanvillai Realignment at SH89 – The assessment of LA is under study. Source: Detailed Project Report DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-8 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 7.3.1 Removal of structures Table 7.5 below presents the details of pavement scarification and cross drainage structures to be removed for the up-gradation of the project roads. Strategies have been adopted to reuse of these materials so that impact of disposal of these materials could be minimized. Hume pipes have limitation of its re-use because of its fixed diameter and suitability to specific conditions. Table 7-5: Estimated Quantity from demolition of structures and Pavement Nanguneri - Rajapalayam- Paruvakudi - Bharatavaram Sankarankoil- Kovilpatti - Ovari Road Tirunelveli S. Ettayapuram - upto ECR section of SH-41 Item Unit No. Vilathikulam - Junction, Vembar Road, Section of SH Section of SH44 89 1. Bituminous Material cum 16770 2820 2649 2. Non Bituminous cum 23933 6980 3447 Material 3. Stone Masonry cum 0 0 2229 4. Hume Pipes m 0 45 421 5. Dismantling of PCC cum 204 77 496 (Plain Cement Concrete) 6. Dismantling of RCC cum 43 11 1198 (Reinforced Cement Concrete) 7. Dismantling of Brick cum 891 458 114 masonary Unlike sustainable use of pavement and sub grade materials, roadside dwelling and business unit would also be impacted and their impact may not be transformed rather need mitigation measures. Engineering Design team in consultation with environmental and social team has minimized/restricted land width in contiguous built-up areas. Even after such engineering efforts some of this residential and business unit required to be dismantled (partially or fully). Table 7.6, Table 7.7 and Table 7.8 provide total built-up area and number of structure affected Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44, Nanguneri – Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 and Rajapalayam- Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41 respectively. (For detail analysis of impact please refer Social Assessment Report, DPR, Volume VIIB) DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-9 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Table 7-6: Removal of Roadside structures along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram - Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 Usage of Structure S.No Name of the Revenue Village Total Resi Comm Resi & Comm Others 1 Naduvapatti 2 0 1 0 3 2 Mukkutumalai 1 1 0 0 2 3 Sippiparai 0 0 0 0 0 4 Nakkalamuthanpatty 2 1 0 0 3 5 Ilayarasendal 0 12 3 0 15 6 Ayyaneri 0 1 0 0 1 7 Appaneri 0 5 2 0 7 8 Kovilpatti 2 41 3 1 47 9 Thittangulam 19 21 6 1 47 10 Chidamparapuram 0 0 0 0 0 11 Kumaragiri 1 3 0 0 4 12 Ilampuvanam 0 3 0 0 3 13 Ettayapuram 15 35 1 0 51 Total 42 123 16 2 183 Source: SIA Report, DPR, Volume VIIB Table 7-7: Removal of Roadside structures along Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Resi & S.No Name of the Village Resi Comm Others Total Comm 1 Nanguneri 3 1 2 0 6 2 IraipOvari 14 7 4 0 25 3 Madamkarungadu 3 1 0 2 6 4 IraipOvari 0 0 0 0 0 5 Ilangulam 5 40 3 0 48 6 Kovangulam 0 0 0 0 0 7 Vijayanarayanam 5 27 1 0 33 8 Kottaikarungulam 0 0 0 0 0 9 Kumarapuram 0 2 0 0 2 10 Tisayanvillai 3 2 0 0 5 11 Appuvillai 0 0 0 0 0 12 Tisayanvillai 0 0 0 0 0 13 Mudamottamuzhi 0 0 0 0 0 14 Kuttam 0 0 0 0 0 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-10 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Resi & S.No Name of the Village Resi Comm Others Total Comm 15 Karaichittu Ovari 2 0 0 0 2 Total 35 80 10 2 127 Source: SIA Report, DPR, Volume VIIB Table 7-8: Removal of Roadside structures along Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41 Usage of Structure S.No Village Panchayat Name of the Village Total Resi Comm R&C Others 1 Alagiapandiyapuram Alagiyapandiyapuram 0 1 0 0 1 2 Venganallur annamaikaranager 0 2 0 0 2 3 Alagiapandiyapuram Chetikurchi 0 0 1 0 1 4 Devarkulam Devarkulam 8 27 6 0 41 5 Keelanellinur East panavadlichatram 1 0 0 0 1 6 Karivallamvanthanallur Karivallamvanthanallur 11 74 2 3 90 7 Keelanellinur Keelanellinur 0 2 0 0 2 8 kurrukalpati Kurrukalpati 2 9 1 1 13 9 kuvalai kanni kuvalai kanni 1 5 0 0 6 10 manavanupuram Manavanupuram 1 0 0 0 1 11 Mannur Mannur 5 32 0 0 37 12 Murampu Murampu 0 2 0 0 2 13 Muthupatti / Venganallur Muthupatti 3 10 1 0 14 14 muthukrishnaapuram muthukrishnaapuram 4 10 4 2 20 15 Nariyuthu Nariyuthu 0 1 0 0 1 16 North panavadlichathiram North panavadlichathiram 0 0 0 1 1 17 North panavadlichathiram Panavadalichatram 10 13 8 0 31 18 pantna pvli reteyarpatti pantna pvli reteyarpatti 0 1 0 0 1 19 Perumal Patti Perumal Patti 0 1 0 1 2 20 Ramayanpatti Ramayanpatti 0 1 0 0 1 21 Rastha Rastha 2 0 0 0 2 22 panthappuli Rediyyapatti 0 1 0 0 1 23 Cholapuram Cholapuram 6 5 1 2 14 24 south venganallure south venganallure 2 2 0 0 4 25 Thirumalpuram Thirumalpuram 2 5 0 1 8 26 Vadakuthalaivanpatti Vadakuthalaivanpatti 3 6 4 0 13 27 Vanni konandal Vanni konandal 9 36 6 1 52 28 Venganallur Venganallur 12 11 1 6 30 Total 82 257 35 18 392 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-11 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Source: SIA Report, DPR, Volume VIIB 7.3.2 Removal of Trees and Vegetation Upgradation, widening and geometric improvement of the project road Table will lead to loss of trees and vegetation. Tree up to towline is to be felled. Cases to case basis felling of trees will be considered for those trees, which are found at the embankment of slope of carriageway. About 1190 (688 on LHS and 502 on RHS), 773 (383 on LHS and 390 on RHS) and 3923 trees (1837 on LHS and 2086 on RHS) trees of >30cm girth size are required to be uprooted because of project improvement along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44, Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 and Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41 respectively. 7.3.3 Extraction of material for Construction Activity Table 7.9 below presents the details of construction material required for project road upgradation. The quarries for these aggregates and borrow earth are locally available hence NO significant direct impact is envisaged. For details refer Chapter 4: Baseline Environment. Table 7-9: Construction material requirement for the project roads S. Description Unit Paruvakudi - Nanguneri Rajapalayam- Remarks No. Kovilpatti - - Sankarankoil- Ettayapuram - Bharatavar Tirunelveli Vilathikulam - am Ovari section of SH- Vembar Road, Road upto 41 Section of ECR SH44 Junction, Section of SH 89 1 Borrow cum 1,40,464 1,73,834 81,030 Requirement for Earth embankment, subgrade shoulder etc 2 Fly Ash cum 36,408 37,940 31,351 Coal based Tuticorin Thermal Power Plant (2X500MW) located at Horbour Estate, Tuticorin fall within 100km radius of project roads. 3 Sand cum 1,93,30 28,288 1,03,121 Concrete works, screening material and in GSB 4 Blue Metal cum 12,096 2,15,410 1,8,9665 WMM, GSB, DBM DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-12 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 S. Description Unit Paruvakudi - Nanguneri Rajapalayam- Remarks No. Kovilpatti - - Sankarankoil- Ettayapuram - Bharatavar Tirunelveli Vilathikulam - am Ovari section of SH- Vembar Road, Road upto 41 Section of ECR SH44 Junction, Section of SH 89 5 Cement Tonnes 10,430 7,905 31,460 6 Bitumen Tonnes 471 425 995 7 Steel Tonnes 885 608 675 8 Water Cum/d 159 175 290 All construction activities and for worker use. 7.3.4 Construction Machinery Table 7.10 presents the quantum of vehicles & machinery required for project intervention and their influence area. These machineries will have its bearing on surrounding environment especially on air quality subject to emission level of machinery. Table 7-10: Construction machinery Construction Quantity (no.s) Sr.No. Influence area Machinery SH44 SH89 SH41 15 Quarry approach 1 Dumpers 12 35 and Project road 5 Quarry sites & 2 Excavators 4 12 Project Road 3 Road Rollers 3 4 10 Project road 4 Graders/ Pavers 1 1 4 Project Road Stone Crusher /BT 5 1 2 Plant site Plant 1 7.3.5 Labor for Construction Activity Table 7-11 presents the number of laborers required/used in the construction activity. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-13 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Table 7-11: Labor for Construction activity Number of labor Number of labor Number of labor involved in involved in Nanguneri involved in Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - BharatavaramOvari Rajapalayam- - Ettayapuram - Road upto ECR Sankarankoil- Construction Sr.No. Vilathikulam - Vembar Junction, Section of Tirunelveli section of Activity Road, Section of SH44 SH 89 SH-41 Local Local Local Contractor’s Contractor’s Contractor’s People People People 1 Quarry 25 2 28 4 60 7 Clearing & 2 Grubbing 10 5 12 6 25 10 3 Crusher Plant 1 3 2 4 4 7 4 BT Plant 3 5 4 6 6 12 5 Paving 5 5 6 6 12 12 6 Drivers/Operators 10 20 12 22 25 50 7 Other Staff 3 10 4 12 6 27 About 50 nos., 60 nos. and 125 nos. of contractor‟s staff and labor will be migrated to the project corridor of Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44, Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 and Rajapalayam- Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41 respectively. 7.4 AIR ENVIRONMENT- IMPACTS Motor vehicles have emerged as one of the major sources of air pollution especially in urban areas. Due to the proposed road improvements aimed at enhancing the efficiency of road transport system the number of vehicles on these roads will be increased over time, so impacts on ambient air environment may be significant, which needs detailed analysis. 7.4.1 Meteorological factors and climate Due to the construction and operation of the project no impacts are expected to contribute to the micro-climatic and meteorological conditions of the Project affected region. The project will have a comprehensive plantation programme and avenue plantation. This could provide shade and canopy to larger areas. This could reverse if any minor or negligible impacts do exists due to the widening of the project road. 7.4.2 Air quality – emissions Preconstruction Stage: The preconstruction stage activities include site clearance, shifting of utilities, removal of trees present in the corridor of impact, transportation of man and material, construction of accommodations, construction of stock yards, installation of construction plants and construction of office buildings. Dust generation during such activities would be the DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-14 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 predominant polluting activity during pre-construction stage and particularly so if pre- construction tasks are performed during dry weather. The impacts due to the pre construction activities are temporary and location specific and the width of the impacts is limited. Quantification of impacts at the pre construction stage is very difficult as these are very temporary and localized. Construction Stage: During the construction stage the most predominant air pollutant would be particulate matter along with various other gaseous pollutants like oxides of nitrogen, carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide and carbon based emissions from the hot mix plants The air pollution during the construction phase may be considerable locally, particularly near the working zones, construction plant sites, quarries and from construction machinery and construction vehicles. The list of activities which generate air pollutants are:  Dust generation from the construction zone during different stages of the construction such as clearing and grubbing, materials dumping, drying of materials, brushing of the surface etc.,  Dust generation from the access roads to the soil borrow-areas, aggregate quarries construction plants and construction camp sites.  Operation of the construction plants such as hot mix plants, Crushers, WMM plants and Concrete Batching Plants  Material storage, transportation and handling (loading/unloading) of different construction materials such as sand, earth from borrow pits and aggregates.  Asphalt odor during paving of asphalt layers  Odor and smoke from construction labor camp. Operational Stage: During the operational stage air pollutant will be from vehicular movements on roads and dust emission from tyres. The severity of impact of gaseous pollutants due to vehicles plying on the highway at any given time will depend upon the traffic volume, emission rates of auto exhausted pollutants and prevailing metrological condition within the project corridor. Emissions are part and parcel of overall infrastructural development process and efficiency augmentation of transport system. However, compliance with future statuary regulatory requirements with respect to emission limits, auto-technology, vehicular fuel quality should be adequate to prevent any negative public health impacts of this project. 7.4.2.1 Prediction of Carbon Monoxide (CO) Concentration Using CALINE 4 Dispersion Model along the Project Road. To assess the impact on air quality of the project area during operation phase, air pollution dispersion modeling was carried out using future traffic projections for the project roads. The modeling was carried out using CALINE-4, line source model developed by the California DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-15 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Transport Department. Carbon monoxide (CO) is the main component of the vehicular pollution. So, prediction of CO concentration is representative of the impacts of air pollution due to traffic movement. The study is conducted to predict 1-hour worst case increment in CO for projected traffic in 2020, 2030 and 2040. The methodology used for conducting the model is elaborated briefly in the following paragraphs a) Environmental Significance of Carbon Monoxide (CO) Carbon Monoxide is colorless and odorless gas, chemically inert under normal conditions and has an estimated atmospheric mean life of about two and half months. CO is emitted by incomplete burning of fossil fuel. The National Ambient Air Quality Standard (CPCB) prescribes standard limit for CO in the ambient air as 2 mg/m3 for 8 hourly monitoring and 4 mg/m 3 for 1 hourly weighted average. At higher concentrations, i.e., above 5 mg/m3 it can seriously affect human aerobic metabolism, owing to its high affinity for haemoglobin and thus would affect the central nervous system, impairing a person‟s time interval discrimination and brightnes s discrimination and over 10 mg/m3, concentration would result in cardiac, pulmonary functional changes/failure leading to death. b) Objective The objective of the study is to predict CO concentration in the ambient air on project roads using CALINE 4 dispersion model for projected traffic in 2020, 2030 and 2040. i) CALINE 4 Dispersion model CALINE 4 (Caltras, 1989) is a dispersion model that predicts CO impacts near roadways. CALINE 4 is a simple line source Gaussian plume dispersion model. Meteorology: The meteorological data regarding the conditions prevailing on the site such as wind speed, direction, mixing height, stability class, temperature etc. are required to run the model. Metereological parameters have been considred for winter season (January) to predict worst case CO incremental concentration. For calculating the emissions, worst-case scenario is assumed and concentrations are obtained for worst wind direction, an option in-built into the program itself. Mixing height is the altitude to which thermal turbulence occurs due to solar heating of the ground. Hourly mixing height data is taken referring book published by S.D Attri, Siddhartha Singh, B. Mukhopadhaya and A.K Bhatnagar. Atmospheric Stability Class is a measure of the turbulence of the atmosphere. Values 1 through 6 corresponds to the standard definitions for stability class A through F. Stability class F (or 6) represent the most stable conditions. Atmospheric stability is expressed as a function of wind speed, insulation and cloud cover. The wind direction standard deviation is used to know the flexibility of wind direction and is important input parameters in worst case run condition. The higher value of wind direction standard deviation helps in dispersion of pollutants and hence reduces the pollution level. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-16 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Traffic data: Traffic volume counts were carried out at two homogenous sections of project roads in 2013-14. Based on the estimated growth rates, traffic was projected over the design period for these sections. Hourly traffic volumes for project roads were projected for years 2015 to 2040 to be used for air modelling. Table 7-12: Homogeneous Sections along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram - Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 Chainage S.No Section From To Length (Km) 1 S1-Naduvapatti-Kottayam Km 22+500 Km 38+750 16.250 2 S2-Kottayam-Ettayapuram Km 41+300 Km 56+700 15.400 Total Length 31.650 Table 7-13: Homogeneous Sections along Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Chainage S.No Section Length(Km) From To 1 R1-Nangunuru- Mannarpuram Junction Km 0+000 Km 20+000 20.000 2 R2-Mannarpuram Junction- Ovari Km 20+000 Km 35+200 15.200 Total length 35.200 Table 7-14: Homogeneous Sections along Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 Chainage S.No Section Length(Km) From To 1 S1 Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil Km 2.000 Km 28.000 26.000 Km 2 S2 Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli Km 33.800 Km 82.800 49.000 Km Total Length 73.000 Km The traffic was suitably reclassified so that the emission factors calculated above could be used in the model directly. The model was run for peak traffic hour. Run Type: Run type determines averaging times (for CO concentrations) and how the hourly average wind angle (s) will be determined. In the present case “worst-case wind angle" run type has been considered to assess the air quality during project operation in worst meteorological conditions. Roughness Coefficient Sub urban = 100 cm was used to determine the amount of local air turbulence that affects plume spreading. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-17 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Ambient Pollutant Concentration: This measure reflects the pre-existing background level of Carbon Monoxide, expressed in parts per million (ppm). The background concentration is assumed to be zero to predict the incremental concentration as a result of the proposed expansion. Road Geometry In the CALINE-4 model the entire length of the road sections is divided into various links. The division of sections into links has been done in such way, so that the link can be fairly considered as straight stretch of road having homogenous geometry with uniform width, height and traffic volume. The coordinates of end points of links specify the location of the links in the model. The model uses Gaussian dispersion parameters that are fairly accurate up to 10 Km distance. The maximum numbers of link in each road section are 20. The width of proposed 2 lane carriageway is 7 m. The mixing zone width is taken equal to 13 m. The whole stretch of the project roads have been assumed to be at grade. Emission Factor: One of the important requirements for Caline-4 model is the input for emission factor for vehicles. In the present study, “Emission Factors for Different Categories of Vehicle in India (ARAI, 2007) “and “Emission Factor for different categories of vehicle in India CPCB 2000”. have been used for calculation of weighted emission factors. These emission factors have been expressed for various pollutants and vehicle types in terms vintage of the vehicle (i.e., year of manufacture), type of fuel used (petrol or diesel). The improvement in engine technology, resulting in reduced emission factors are reflected in these standard emission factors. Since, there is only one input requirement for total no. of vehicles in the CALINE 4 model, whereas, there are different categories of vehicles (viz. 2/3 wheelers, cars, LCVs and HCVs) with different manufacturing year and fuel type, it is essential that a single value representing the equivalent emission factors for all the vehicles is calculated. Thus, Weighted Emission Factor expressed in g/mile has been calculated for the present study. It was observed that the maximum emission load due to road traffic on Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 for section S1 occurred between 0900 and 1000 hour for all years of traffic projections and for section S2 between 1000 and 1100 hours for all years of traffic projections. For Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89, maximum emission load for section R1 occurred between 1800 and 1900 hour for all years of traffic projections and for section R2 between 1700 and 1800 hours for all years of traffic projections. For Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH41, the maximum emission load for section S1 occurred between 1600 and 1700 hour for all years of traffic projections and for DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-18 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 section S2 between 1000 and 1100 hours for all years of traffic projections. Receptors The concentrations have been predicted at all the locations where ambient air monitoring and noise levels were measured along the project roads. Averaging Interval: Simulation is carried out for 1-hour average CO concentration at all the receptors. Thus the predicted incremental CO concentration is averaged over 1 hour interval to predict the maximum possible concentration or the worst case scenario. However the background CO concentration monitored is averaged over 8 hour. Table 7-15: Input parameters for CO modelling for project roads Nanguneri - Rajapalayam- Rajapalayam- Paruvakudi - Bharatavaram Sankarankoil- Sankarankoil- Kovilpatti - Ovari Road Tirunelveli Road Tirunelveli Road Input Ettayapuram - upto ECR (SH41) (SH41) Parameters Vilathikulam - Vembar Junction, Section 1 Section 2 Road, Section of SH44 Section of SH (Rajapalayam to (Sankarankoil- 89 Sankarankoil) Tirunelveli) Wind Speed 1 3 3.6 2.0 (m/s) As "Worst- Case" is As "Worst-Case" is As "Worst-Case" is As "Worst-Case" is selected, selected, CALINE4 selected, CALINE4 Wind direction selected, CALINE4 CALINE4 does does not use this does not use this does not use this input. not use this input. input. input. Wind Direction Standard 10° 10° 20° 10° Deviation (7)F- Most Stability Class (7)F – Most Stable (5)E (6)F Stable Mixing Height 500 850 1000 700 (m) Aerodynamic Roughness Suburban -100 Suburban -100 Suburban -100 Suburban -100 Coefficient (cm) Temperature 21 20 19 20 (deg C) Altitude (m) 100 70 150 100 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-19 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Nanguneri - Rajapalayam- Rajapalayam- Paruvakudi - Bharatavaram Sankarankoil- Sankarankoil- Kovilpatti - Ovari Road Tirunelveli Road Tirunelveli Road Input Ettayapuram - upto ECR (SH41) (SH41) Parameters Vilathikulam - Vembar Junction, Section 1 Section 2 Road, Section of SH44 Section of SH (Rajapalayam to (Sankarankoil- 89 Sankarankoil) Tirunelveli) Mixing zone 13 13 13 13 width (m) Emission 6.39 6.40 6.39 6.40 Factor (g/mile) Figure 7-1: Link Geometry and Receptors Input for CO Dispersion Study – Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-20 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Figure 7-2: Link Geometry and Receptors Input for CO Dispersion Study – Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-21 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Figure 7-3: Link Geometry and Receptors Input for CO Dispersion Study – Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH41, Section 1 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-22 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Figure 7-4: Link Geometry and Receptors Input for CO Dispersion Study – Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH41, Section 2 j) Predicted Pollution Levels CALINE 4 CO dispersion model software was run by using data on link geometry, traffic volume and environmental receptors given in the table above. Simulation is carried out with the projected traffic scenario for project roads for different years as shown in Table 7-16. Table 7-16: Predicted CO Concentration at Receptors Receptor Receptor Area Type Backgrou Predicted incremental ‘CO’ NAAQS for CO Code No. nd GLC’s (mg/m3) for Conc. (mg/m3 ) (mg/m3) 2020 Residential, Rural 2030 2040 (8 hourly) & Other areas (1 hourly) Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 AAQ1 1 Sub-urban 0.80 0.10 0.20 0.30 4.00 AAQ2 2 Sub-urban 0.85 0.30 0.50 0.60 4.00 ANQ* 3 Sub-urban - 0.10 0.20 0.20 4.00 AAQ3 4 Sub-urban 0.95 0.20 0.40 0.50 4.00 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-23 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Receptor Receptor Area Type Backgrou Predicted incremental ‘CO’ NAAQS for CO Code No. nd GLC’s Conc. (mg/m3 ) (mg/m3) for 3) ANQ* 5 Sub-urban (mg/m- 0.10 0.20 0.20 Residential,4.00 Rural AAQ4 6 Sub-urban (8 hourly) 0.90 0.20 0.40 0.40 & Other areas 4.00 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section (1 hourly) of SH 89 ANQ* 1 Sub-urban - 0.10 0.10 0.10 4.00 AAQ12 2 Sub-urban 0.85 0.10 0.10 0.10 4.00 AAQ13 3 Sub-urban 0.80 0.10 0.10 0.20 4.00 ANQ* 4 Sub-urban - 0.10 0.20 0.30 4.00 ANQ* 5 Sub-urban - 0.00 0.10 0.10 4.00 AAQ14 6 Sub-urban 0.95 0.20 0.40 0.70 4.00 ANQ* 7 Sub-urban - 0.20 0.30 0.50 4.00 AAQ15 8 Sub-urban 0.80 0.00 0.00 0.10 4.00 Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 AAQ1 1 Sub-urban 0.80 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.00 ANQ* 2 Sub-urban - 0.1 0.2 0.3 4.00 AAQ2 3 Sub-urban 0.85 0.1 0.1 0.2 4.00 ANQ* 4 Sub-urban - 0.0 0.1 0.1 4.00 AAQ3 5 Sub-urban 0.85 0.0 0.0 0.1 4.00 ANQ* 6 Sub-urban - 0.0 0.0 0.1 4.00 AAQ4 7 Sub-urban 0.95 0.2 0.3 0.6 4.00 AAQ5 8 Sub-urban 0.80 0.1 0.2 0.3 4.00 AAQ6 9 Sub-urban 0.80 0.2 0.3 0.4 4.00 ANQ* 10 Sub-urban -- 0.4 0.7 1.1 4.00 AAQ7 11 Sub-urban 0.80 0.3 0.6 0.9 4.00 ANQ* 12 Sub-urban - 0.1 0.2 0.2 4.00 AAQ8 13 Sub-urban 0.90 0.1 0.2 0.2 4.00 ANQ* 14 Sub-urban - 0.3 0.5 0.8 4.00 ANQ* 15 Sub-urban - 0.1 0.2 0.2 4.00 ANQ* 16 Sub-urban - 0.2 0.3 0.5 4.00 *ANQ: CO dispersoion modeling has also been conducted at locations where baseline noise levels were measured. k) Interpretation of Results Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 The predicted incremental CO concentrations on existing ambient level at all locations are found to be well within the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for the proposed project. The worst case maximum incremental concentration of CO is 0.6 ppm, found at AAQ2 in the year 2040. It is to be noted that all the receptors are located between distance of 5m to 15m from the centerline of project road except AAQ3. Thus it can be concluded that the proposed project will not have any significant impact on the DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-24 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 existing ambient air quality. Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 The predicted incremental CO concentrations on existing ambient level at all locations are found to be well within the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for the proposed project. The worst case maximum incremental concentration of CO is 0.7 ppm, found at AAQ14 in the year 2040. It is to be noted that all the receptors are located between distance of 5m to 15m from the centerline of project road except AAQ15 which is located at a distance of about 700m from project road. Thus, the incremental CO concentration is not significant at this location. Thus it can be concluded that the proposed project will not have any significant impact on the existing ambient air quality. Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41 The predicted incremental CO concentrations on existing ambient level at all locations are found to be well within the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for the proposed project. The worst case maximum incremental concentration of CO is 1.1 ppm, found at Receptor no.10 in the year 2040. It is to be noted that all the receptors are located between distance of 5m to 15m from the centerline of project road except Receptor 1 which is located at a distance of about 700m away from start point of project road (Km 1.800). Also, AAQ 9 has not been considered for prediction of CO levels as it is located at Km 85.6 which is 2.8km distance away from end point of project road (Km 82.800). Above CO prediction results show that the proposed project will not have any significant impact on the existing ambient air quality. 7.5 LAND ENVIRONMENT - IMPACTS 7.5.1 Impact on Topography The design has not suggested any substantial change in the height of the embankments of the roads except to raise in low lying areas. The overall topography of the area is not going to alter due to these minor changes which will relieve the flooding situation, providing positive impacts. List of embankment raising sections along project roads are listed below. (Embankment raising is >0.5m) DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-25 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Table 7-17: List of embankment raising sections Start End Approx. Raising Chainage Chainage Reason/ remarks Length (m) Height (m) (m) (m) Road: Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 23960 24100 140 0.6 Dip portion, to be raised 25900 25960 60 0.6 Dip portion, to be raised 26320 26480 160 1 Water on road during rain 27520 27620 100 0.6 Road flushing with ground levels 29560 29760 200 0.6 Road flushing with ground levels 35280 35520 240 2 Causeway location 48720 48820 100 0.6 Dip portion, to be raised Road: Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Road level almost flushing with ground and 700 800 100 0.6 water flow above road Road at ground level and water from hills 5880 5960 80 0.6 come to the road 8200 8600 400 0.6 Water gets accumulated near to the road Water gets stagnated all the time on left 12700 13300 600 0.6 side 26260 26500 240 2.0 Causeway location Road flushes with the ground and water 32600 33060 460 0.6 stagnant on the side Road flushing with ground levels and dip 16100 16200 100 0.6 portion Road flushing with ground levels and dip 18400 18650 250 portion 0.6 Road: Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 19500 19700 200 0.6 Dip portion, to be raised 72100 72600 500 0.6 Road flushing with ground levels 74000 74300 300 0.6 Road flushing with ground levels 7.5.2 Impact on Geology Likely impact on the geological resources will occur from the extraction of materials (borrow of earth, granular sub base and aggregates for base courses and bridges). The boulders will be procured from the authorized suppliers and prevalent rules will be followed for borrowing of soil, DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-26 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 sand and aggregates. Hence, the impact on general geology of the region is insignificant. At the construction sites, no blasting is proposed; therefore, there will be no added impact on the geology of the area. 7.5.3 Impact on Seismology According to 2012 seismic zoning map of India, the state of Tamil Nadu fall in Zone II to Zone III, least active to moderate zone of seismic hazard (Ref. Figure 7-5). All the three project roads fall in Zone II, least active zone. Also, as per Global Seismic Hazards Assessment Program (GSHAP) data (Figure 7-6) the state of Tamil Nadu fall mostly in a region of low seismic hazard with the exception of western border areas that lie in a low to moderate hazard zone. The project roads fall in low hazard zone. Figure 7-5 Seismic zone Map of India Figure 7-6 Seismic Zone Map of Tamil Nadu (GSHAP) with marked project roads The construction and operation of the project road will not lead to any adverse impact on seismology settings of the regional environment. On the contrary, the seismic events that could DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-27 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 occur on the region could damage the road and structures if not constructed as per the specification recommended for the seismic zone. Present upgradation will incorporate both, existing structures will be checked & complied and new structures will be designed earth quake resistant. 7.5.4 Impact on Land Loss of land: One of the major „local‟ impacts due to highway project is upon the local land resources required for widening and improvement of the project road. There are stretches along the corridors where acquisition of agricultural land has been unavoidable due to non-availability of sufficient right of way to accommodate the proposed cross-sections. Refer Table 7.4. Generation of Debris: The major source of debris generation is dismantling of existing cross drainage structures and road side residential and commercial structures. Refer Table 7.5, Table 7.6, Table 7.7 and Table 7.8. Soil Erosion: Erosion of top-soil can be considered a moderate, direct and long-term negative impact resulting from the construction and maintenance of roads. The potential for soil erosion is high and pervasive during the construction stage. Starting with clearing and grubbing of trees vegetation is stripped away, exposing raw soil. The construction of new fill slopes for grading and bridge-end fills also exposes large areas to erosion, if protection methods are not implemented. Finally, during the operation or maintenance phase of highway development, erosion can continue to occur in areas not vegetated. Fills are exposed to long-term exposure to water and wind. Although soil erosion occurs sporadically on highway corridors, the sites most affected are generally bridge end fills and over-steep banks. a) Road slopes and spoils Erosion problems may occur on newly constructed slopes and fills depending on soil type, angle of slope, height of slope and climatic factors like wind (direction, speed and frequency) and rain (intensity and duration). Since slope protection methods (re-vegetation or stone pitching) form part of good engineering practice, and have been incorporated into the detailed design for the roads, erosion concerns should be minimised. However, failure to maintain soil erosion protection can reduce the security of high road embankments and add siltation to the rivers during the monsoon season. b) Improvement and construction of bridges and culverts Along each corridor rehabilitation/reconstruction/widening of a number of major and minor bridges and culverts is planned. Construction of new bridges involves excavation of river bed and banks for the construction of the foundation and piers. If the residual spoil is not properly disposed of, increased sedimentation downstream of the bridge may take place during the monsoon. Also, the bridge-end fills require armouring to ensure gullying and slumping are minimised. The details of proposals for culverts are provided in Table 2.22, Table 2.23 and Table 2.24 and details of bridge proposed for reconstruction are provided in Table 2.25, Table DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-28 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 2.26 and Table 2.27. During the construction period some amount of drainage alteration and downstream erosion/siltation is anticipated. Some of these alterations may be because of construction of temporary traffic detours/diversion. Except for these temporary works, in almost all cases there should be an improvement in the drainage characteristics of the surrounding area due to improved design and added culvert/ditch capacity. Changes in the drainage pattern due to the raising of the road profile has not been discussed in specific cases, as the likely impact is not adverse and does not warrant mitigation (as the road design itself takes care of cross-pavement drainage). New culverts are being incorporated in the project roads not only to prevent over- topping but also to maintain equal water distribution on either side of the road. In fact, the bridges and culverts, as designed, are an automatic enhancement to the local environment (flooding, stagnation, scour, torrent run-off velocity– all would be reduced as a result of this project). c) Quarries and borrow areas The excavation of quarries and borrow pits used for obtaining soil and aggregate materials for road construction can cause direct, and indirect long-term major adverse impacts on the environment. While loss of productive soil is the most direct negative impact, other significant indirect negative impacts can also occur. Since most of the construction materials would be available from existing quarries nearby, relatively few new borrow areas will be required. Approximate requirement of geo-technical materials to the project corridors are already presented in Table 7.9. One of the long-term residual adverse impacts of borrow pits not reclaimed is the spread of malaria. Mosquitoes breeding and multiplying in stagnant water that collects in these pits can affect humans in villages and towns close to the features. 7.5.5 Contamination of Soil Construction Stage: In this project contamination of the soil may take place, from the following activities at the construction zones, construction labour camps, construction plant sites and other auxiliary facilities required for the construction. Details of the activities from which the contamination can occur are presented below;  Scarified bitumen wastes, over production of bituminous product,  Debris generation due to dismantling of structures,  Maintenance of the machinery and operation of the diesel generator sets on site,  Oil Spill from the operation of the diesel pumps and diesel storage, during transportation and transfer, parking places, and diesel generator sets,  Operation of the emulsion sprayer and laying of hot mix,  Operation of the residential facilities for the labour and officers, DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-29 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41  Storage and stock yards of bitumen and emulsion,  Excess production of hot mix and rejected materials, Operation Stage: During the operation stage, soil may get contaminated with similar reasons, as mentioned above, during routine and periodical maintenance of the project road. The implications of accidental discharge are potentially disastrous. But, it must be emphasized that the probability of such an accident is quite low, as one of the objectives of the design is the enhancement of road safety. 7.6 WATER ENVIRONMENT –IMPACTS Due to the proposed project there will be some direct and indirect long-term impacts on the water resources. Table below presents the major adverse impacts on the water resources and the indicators chosen to assess the impacts for the study. Table 7-18: Impacts on Water Resources Due To Construction Activities Impacts Due To Construction Indicators Loss of water bodies Area of water bodies affected Loss of other water supply sources Number of wells affected Alteration of drainage, run off, flooding No. of cross drainage channels Depletion of Ground Water recharge Area rendered impervious Use of Water Supply for Construction Quantum of water used Contamination from fuel and lubricants Nature and quantum of contaminators Contamination from improper sanitation and Area of camp / disposal site and, proximity to water Waste Disposal in Construction Camps bodies / channels 7.6.1 Impact on Water Bodies Ponds and check dams are the major water bodies along the project roads. Locals use that water for bathing and washing purposes. There is no river crossing along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 and Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89. However many streams and two major river crosses Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41. Surface Water Bodies Table 7-19, Table 7-20 and Table 7-21 present the details of the existing surface water bodies and possible impacts along project roads. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-30 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Table 7-19: Impact on Surface Water Bodies – Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram - Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 Chainage 22.500 24.350 Structure ID No Pond Pond Village Name Naduvapatti Mukkatumalai Side (Left/Right) LHS RHS Distance from 5.4m 10-12m ECL (m) Length (m) 20m 40m Proposed Concentric Eccentric on LHS Widening Impact Impacted No impact Chainage 24.650 26.500 Structure ID No Pond Pond/coffer dam Village Name Mukkatumalai Sippiparai Side (Left/Right) RHS LHS Distance from Earthen 6-7m ECL (m) wall=5-6m Stone wall=7.5m Length (m) 150m 100m Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact Partially Not Impacted Impacted Chainage 27.220 35.000 Structure ID No Pond with Drain and Check stone wall Dam Village Name Nakkalmuttam Ayyaneri patti Side (Left/Right) LHS LHS Distance from 9-10m(upper 6-20m ECL (m) catchment area 25m (lower/core area with stone wall Length (m) 50 500m Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No impact No impact DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-31 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage 42.400 54.500 Structure ID No Pond Pond with stone wall Village Name Kovilpatti Ettayapuram Side (Left/Right) LHS RHS Distance from 20m 8-10m ECL (m) Length (m) 200m 30 Proposed Concentric Eccentric on Widening RHS Impact No impact No impact Chainage 55.270 55.300 Structure ID No Pond Pond Village Name Ettayapuram Ettayapuram Side (Left/Right) RHS LHS Distance from 25m 6-7m ECL (m) Length (m) 200m 20-25m Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No impact No impact (saved by curve improvement and realignment) Chainage 55.740 Structure ID No Pond Village Name Ettayapuram Side (Left/Right) RHS Distance from 8-10m ECL (m) Length (m) 8m Proposed Concentric Widening Impact No impact (saved by reduction in curve radius) A total of 7 ponds and 1 check dam fall within ROW of project road, out of which 2 will be partially impacted due to the proposed development. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-32 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Table 7-20 : Impact on Surface Water Bodies – Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 Chainage 0.350 1.100 Structure ID No Pond Pond Village Name Nanguneri Nanguneri Side (Left/Right) LHS RHS Distance from 8.0m 40m ECL (m) Length (m) 150m 50m Proposed Eccentric on Concentric Widening RHS Impact No impact No impact Chainage 1.300 1.500 Structure ID No Check Water Pond on dam\Bund Rocky Pit Village Name Nanguneri Nanguneri Side (Left/Right) LHS RHS Distance from Bund Wall is 15-20m ECL (m) 5-7m from centerline Length (m) 150 200 Proposed Eccentric on Concentric Widening RHS Impact No impact No impact Chainage 2.650 5.000 Structure ID No Small earthen Check dam Check \Bund dam\Bund Village Name IraippOvari Iraipubari Side (Left/Right) RHS LHS Distance from 5-30m 200m ECL (m) Length (m) 300 200 Proposed Eccentric on Concentric Widening RHS Impact Partially No impact Impacted DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-33 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage 8.400 9.3 Structure ID No Check dam Check dam \Bund \Bund Village Name Iraipubari Alangulam Side (Left/Right) RHS Both sides Distance from 10-30m Adjoining on both ECL (m) side Length (m) 40m 300 Proposed Concentric Eccentric on RHS Widening Impact No impact No impact (Saved by considering PROW of 16m instead of 23m) Chainage 13.00 15.00 Structure ID No Coffer dam Pond Village Name Alangulam Vijayanarayanam Side (Left/Right) LHS LHS Distance from 50-60m 8.2m ECL (m) Length (m) 500 40m Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No impact No impact Chainage 16.580 21.750 Structure ID No Pond and Canal Drain Village Name Vijayanarayan Kumarapuram am Side (Left/Right) LHS RHS and crossing Distance from 12m 10-12m and ECL (m) crossing at 22.800 Length (m) 20 1.30 km along the road on RHS Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No impact No impact (Saved by considering PROW of 16m instead of 23m) DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-34 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage 23.400 24.450 Structure ID No Pond Check dam\Bund Village Name Kumarapuram Kumarapuram Side (Left/Right) LHS RHS D Distance from 8-9m 7-8m ECL (m) Photo not available Length (m) 100m 60m Proposed Concentric Eccentric on LHS Widening Impact Partially No impact (Saved Impacted by realignment on LHS) There are 5 nos. of ponds and 5 nos. of check dams/bunds within ROW of the project road, out of which 1 no. of ponds and 1 no. of check dam are likely to be partially impacted due to the proposed development. Table 7-21: Impact on Surface Water Bodies along Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH41 Chainage 3.00 4.980 Structure ID No Earthen Check Pond Dam Village Name Madhukudy Side (Left/Right) LHS LHS Distance from 15-20m 7m (Earthern wall) Photo not available ECL (m) Length (m) 400m 52m Proposed Eccentric on LHS Eccentric on RHS Widening Impact No direct Impact No direct Impact Chainage 7.00 8.050 Structure ID No Earthen Check Chozhapuram Dam River and Check dam on RHS Village Name Cholapuram Cholapuram Side (Left/Right) LHS Both side & crossing Distance from 9-12m RHS-along the ECL (m) Bridge LHS-along the Bridge approach Length (m) 20m 50m RHS 200m LHS Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No direct Impact Siltation of river DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-35 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage 11.250 13.550 Structure ID No Pond Check Dam Village Name Perumalpatti Solaiseri Side (Left/Right) LHS RHS Distance from 5-6m 5-9m ECL (m) Length (m) 30m 1000m Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact Directly Impacted Directly Impacted Siltation and Damage to Bund Encroachment of wall at few catchment area- locations Chainage 17.00 17.250 Structure ID No Check Dam Check Dam Village Name Paruvakudi Paruvakudi Side (Left/Right) RHS RHS Distance from Along the road 8-20m ECL (m) Length (m) 200m 700m Proposed Realignment Concentric Widening Impact No direct Impact Directly Impacted du eto curve Damage to Bund improvement wall at few locations Chainage 20.600 23.100 Structure ID No Nala and Check Pond with stone Dam stairs Village Name Karivalamvantha Alagunachiyarpur nallur am Side (Left/Right) LHS and LHS Crossing Distance from 6-50m 20m ECL (m) Length (m) 10 and 20m 20m Proposed Concentric Eccentric on Widening RHS Impact Siltation No direct Impact DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-36 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage 23.700 24.380 Structure ID No Pond Pond Village Name Alagunachiyarpur Ramalingapuram am Side (Left/Right) RHS LHS Distance from 20m 8-9m ECL (m) Length (m) 30m 30m Proposed Concentric Eccentric on LHS Widening Impact No direct Impact Directly Impacted Damage to earthern wall Chainage 25.600 26.200 Structure ID No Pond Check Dam Village Name Ramalingapuram Shrigomathipuram Side (Left/Right) LHS Both side Distance from 5-6m Along the road ECL (m) Length (m) 20m 50m Proposed Eccentric on LHS Concentric Widening Impact Directly Impacted Directly Impacted Pond wall damage Encroachment of catchment area, bund wall damage Chainage 29.00 33.400 Structure ID No Check Dam Pond with stone wall Village Name Sankrakovil Sankrakovil Side (Left/Right) RHS LHS Distance from 20-25 4-5m ECL (m) Length (m) 500m 20m Proposed Not in scope as Not in scope as Widening bypass proposal bypass proposal is from km 28 to is from km 28 to km 33.8 km 33.8 Impact No Impact No Impact DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-37 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage 33.800 40.200 Structure ID No Check Dam Check Dam Village Name Sankrakovil Gurukulpatti Side (Left/Right) RHS RHS Distance from 15-20m 30-50m ECL (m) Length (m) 1200m 400m Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact Impact on bund No Impact wall from km 34.520 to km 34.570 Chainage 42.400 44.00 Structure ID No Pond Check Dam Village Name Gurukulpatti Melaneelithanallur Side (Left/Right) RHS LHS Distance from 6-7m 15-30m ECL (m) Length (m) 25m 40m Proposed Concentric Eccentric on RHS Widening Impact Earthern wall No Impact impacted Chainage 53.400 53.570 Structure ID No Pond/Check Dam Check Dam Village Name Vennikonendhal Vennikonendhal Side (Left/Right) RHS LHS Distance from 5-10m 5-25m ECL (m) Length (m) 100m 350m Proposed Concentric Eccentric on RHS Widening Impact Directly Impacted Directly Impacted Encroachment of Damage to bund catchment area wall (15m) Siltation DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-38 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage 60.400 61.700 Structure ID No Pond Check Dam with channels Village Name Suppiahpuram Suppiahpuram Side (Left/Right) LHS RHS Distance from 25-30m 5-100m ECL (m) Length (m) 40m 500m Proposed Eccentric on RHS Eccentric on RHS Widening Impact No Impact Directly Impacted Damage to bund wall (5m) Chainage 62.400 64.400 Structure ID No Check Dam with Pond in rock steel trench channels/doors Village Name Suppiahpuram Alakiyapandiapur am Side (Left/Right) RHS and cross LHS to LHS Distance from 40-60m 15-20m ECL (m) Length (m) 150 40 Proposed Realignment Concentric Widening Impact No Impact No Impact Chainage 69.000 69.600 Structure ID No Pond in rock Check Dam trench Village Name Kanarpatti Kanarpatti Side (Left/Right) RHS RHS Distance from 25-30m 6-8m ECL Length (m) 20m 300m Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No Impact Directly Impacted Damage to bund wall (5m) DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-39 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage 79.600 83.400 Structure ID No Check Dam Lake Village Name Sedurayanpudur Ramainpatti Side (Left/Right) RHS RHS Distance from 15-20m 8-12m ECL (m) Length (m) 40m 100m Proposed Concentric Not in scope , Widening road ending at Km 82.8 Impact No Impact No Impact A total of 17 check dams and 10 ponds fall within ROW of project road, out of which 4 ponds (pond wall impacted) and 8 check dams (bund wall impacted) are partially impacted due to the proposed development. Ground water resources Table 7-22, Table 7-23 and Table 7-25 presents the details of existing ground water resources and possible impacts along project roads. Table 7-22 : Impacts on Ground Water Bodies- Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram - Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 Chainage 27+580 28.25 Structure ID No Hand pump Hand Pump Village Name Parapatti Parapatti Side (Left/Right) Right Right Distance from 11.0 9.1 ECL (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No direct Impacted Impact Chainage 31.03 40.85 Structure ID No Hand pump Hand pump Village Name Ilaiyarasanen Kovilpatti dal Side (Left/Right) LHS LHS Distance from 8.2 4.5 ECL (m) Proposed Concentric Not in scope Widening Impact No direct No Impact Impact DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-40 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage 41.60 42.12 Structure ID No Hand pump Hand pump Village Name Kovilpatti Kovilpatti Side (Left/Right) LHS RHS Distance from 7 7.5 ECL (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact Impacted Impacted Chainage 44.65 91.8 of SH32 Structure ID No Hand pump Hand pump Village Name Kovilpatti Ettayapuram Side (Left/Right) RHS RHS Distance from 10 7.5 ECL (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No direct Impacted Impact Chainage 55.50 55.90 Structure ID No Hand pump Hand pump Village Name Ettayapuram Ettayapuram Side (Left/Right) RHS RHS Distance from 10 ECL (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No direct No direct Impact Impact Chainage 24.85 25.15 Structure ID No Open Well Open Well (with boundary) Village Name Naduvapatti Naduvapatti Side (Left/Right) RHS LHS Distance from 9.5 5 ECL (m) Proposed Eccentric on Concentric Widening LHS Impact No direct Impacted Impact DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-41 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage 26.10 26.70 Structure ID No Open Well Open Well Village Name Naduvapatti Naduvapatti Side (Left/Right) LHS RHS Distance from 10.20 10 ECL (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No direct No direct Impact Impact Chainage 27.58 27.80 Structure ID No Open Well Open Well Village Name Parapatti Parapatti Side (Left/Right) LHS RHS Distance from 6 13 ECL (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact Impacted No direct Impact Chainage 29.00 29.50 Structure ID No Open Well Open Well Village Name Parapatti Parapatti Side (Left/Right) RHS LHS Distance from 13.1 10 ECL (m) Proposed Concentric Eccentric on LHS Widening Impact No direct No direct Impact Impact Chainage 34.80 40.18 Structure ID No Open Well Open Well Village Name Venkadasalap Kovilpatti uram Side (Left/Right) LHS RHS Distance from 11.7 7.8 ECL (m) Proposed Concentric Not in Scope Widening (Kovipatti city) Impact No direct No direct Impact Impact DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-42 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage 44.50 51.84 Structure ID No Open Well Open Well Village Name Kovilpatti Kumaragiri Side (Left/Right) RHS RHS Distance from 13 9.5 ECL Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No direct No direct Impact Impact Chainage 54.50 Structure ID No Open Well Tank Village Name Ilambuvanam Side (Left/Right) LHS Distance from 8.3 ECL (m) Proposed Concentric Widening Impact No direct Impact Chainage 26.30 37.40 Structure ID No Tubewell with Tubewell Shelter Village Name Naduvapatti Puthuapaneri Side (Left/Right) LHS RHS Distance from 8.6 13 ECL (m) Proposed Realignment Concentric Widening Impact No direct No direct Impact Impact Chainage 24.85 25.17 Structure ID No TWT TWT +Tubewell +Tubewell Village Name Naduvapatti Naduvapatti Side (Left/Right) RHS LHS Distance from 27.5 12.13 ECL (m) Proposed Eccentric on Concentric Widening LHS Impact No direct Impacted Impact DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-43 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage 28.25 31.03 Structure ID No TWT TWT +Tubewell +Tubewell Village Name Parapatti Ilaiyarasanendal Side (Left/Right) RHS RHS Distance from 8.2 13.5 ECL (m) Proposed Eccentric on Eccentric on LHS Widening LHS Impact No direct No direct Impact Impact Chainage 36.55 31.02 Structure ID No TWT TWT +Tubewell Village Name Puthuapaneri Ilaiyarasanendal Side (Left/Right) LHS RHS Distance from 8.5 12.5 ECL (m) Proposed Eccentric on Concentric Widening LHS Impact No direct No direct Impact Impact Chainage 49.80 Structure ID No TWT Village Name kovilpatti Side (Left/Right) RHS Distance from 4 ECL (m) Proposed Concentric Widening Impact No direct Impact Out of the 20 nos. existing ground water sources 8 nos. are under direct impact, needs to be relocated before the start of project road. Table 7-23 : Impacts on Ground Water Bodies- Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 Chainage 2.710 5.550 Structure ID No Hand Pump Hand Pump Village Name EraippOvari Eamankulam Side (Left/Right) LHS LHS Distance from 13m 15m DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-44 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 ECL (m) Proposed Eccentric on Concentric Widening RHS Impact No direct No direct impact impact Chainage 5.790 6.010 Structure ID No Hand Pump Hand Pump Village Name Eamankulam Eamankulam Side (Left/Right) LHS LHS Distance from 8m 11m ECL (m) Proposed Eccentric on Concentric Widening LHS Impact Impacted No direct impact Chainage 9.580 19.300 Structure ID No Hand Pump Hand Pump Village Name Subramaniya Mannarpuram puram Side (Left/Right) LHS RHS Distance from 12m 14m ECL (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No direct No direct impact impact Chainage 33.600 0.060 Structure ID No Hand Pump Open Well and Water Tank Village Name Idaiyangudi Naguneri Side (Left/Right) LHS LHS Photo not available Distance from 8m 12m ECL Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact Impacted No direct impact Chainage 2.700 8.210 Structure ID No Open Well Open Well and Over Water Tank Village Name EraippOvari Subramaniyapur DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-45 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 am Side (Left/Right) LHS LHS Distance from 12m 14-15m ECL (m) Proposed Eccentric on Concentric Widening RHS Impact No direct No direct impact impact Chainage 9.580 15.400 Structure ID No Open Well Open well Village Name Subramaniya South puram Vijaynarayanam Side (Left/Right) LHS LHS D Distance from 12-15m 7m ECL (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No direct Impacted impact Chainage 16.440 17.780 Structure ID No Open Well Open Well Village Name South South Vijaynarayana Vijaynarayanam m Side (Left/Right) RHS LHS Distance from 9-10m 10-11m ECL (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No direct No direct impact impact Chainage 25.010 25.750 Structure ID No Open Well Open Well Village Name Kumaraapura Kumaraapuram m Side (Left/Right) LHS LHS Distance from 11m 11.5m ECL (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No direct No direct impact impact DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-46 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage 31.400 0.035 Structure ID No Open Well Tube Well Village Name Idaiyangudi Naguneri Side (Left/Right) LHS RHS Photo not available Distance from 7.5m 9.5 ECL (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No Impact No direct impact Chainage 2.200 2.760 Structure ID No Tube well with Tube well with Tap Water Tap Water Tank Tank Village Name Thattankualm EraippOvari Side (Left/Right) LHS LHS Distance from 5m 7m ECL (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact Impacted Impacted Chainage 3.680 5.550 Structure ID No Tube well with Tube well with Tap Water Tap Water Tank Tank Village Name Perumal Eamankulam Nagar Side (Left/Right) LHS LHS Distance from 7-8m 9-10m ECL (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact Impacted No direct impact Chainage 5.780 8.390 Structure ID No Tube well with Tube well with Tap Tap Water Tank Water Tank Village Name Eamankulam Subramaniyapur am Side (Left/Right) LHS RHS DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-47 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Distance from 5.5m 7-8m ECL (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact Impacted Impacted Chainage 8.600 10.580 Structure ID No Tube well with Tube well with Tap Water Tap Water Tank Tank Village Name Subramaniya Elangulan puram Side (Left/Right) LHS RHS Distance from 9-10m 15m ECL (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No direct No direct impact impact Chainage 11.400 12.190 Structure ID No Tube well with Tube well with Tap Water Tap Water Tank Tank Village Name Elangulan Kamaraj Nagar Side (Left/Right) LHS LHS Distance from 10-11m 7-8m ECL (m) Proposed Eccentric on LHS Widening Concentric Impact No direct Impacted impact Chainage 12.400 16.300 Structure ID No Tube well with Tube well with Tap Water Tap Water Tank Tank Village Name Vijaynarayana South m Vijaynarayanam Side (Left/Right) RHS RHS Distance from 10-12m 8-10m ECL (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-48 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Impact No direct Impacted impact Chainage 2.700 5.300 Structure ID No Over Head Tap Water Tank Water Supply Tank Village Name EraippOvari Eamankulam Side (Left/Right) LHS LHS Photo not available Distance from 13m 8m ECL (m) Proposed Eccentric on Concentric Widening RHS Impact No direct Impacted impact Chainage 10.800 13.100 Structure ID No Tap Water Tap Water Tank Tank Village Name Elangulan Vijaynarayanam Side (Left/Right) RHS RHS Distance from 7m 9-10m ECL (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact Impacted No direct impact Chainage 14.650 15.450 Structure ID No Open Water Tap Water Tank Tank Village Name South South Vijaynarayana Vijaynarayanam m Side (Left/Right) RHS LHS Distance from 5m 6.5m ECL (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact Impacted Impacted DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-49 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage 16.300 24.800 Structure ID No Over Head Over Head Water Water Supply Supply Tank Tank Village Name South Kumaraapuram Vijaynarayana m Side (Left/Right) LHS RHS Distance from 10m 12.15 ECL (m) Proposed Concentric Eccentric on Widening RHS Impact No direct No direct impact impact Chainage 25.300 27.800 Structure ID No Over Head Over Head Water Water Supply Supply Tank Tank Village Name Kumaraapura Bala Sithivanagar m Side (Left/Right) LHS LHS Distance from 12m 7m ECL (m) Proposed Eccentric on Not in Scope Widening LHS (Thisayanvilai ) Impact No direct No direct impact impact Chainage 29.500 29.600 Structure ID No Water Supply Over Head Water Tank (PHED) Supply Tank Village Name Appuvilai Appuvilai Side (Left/Right) RHS LHS Distance from 5.5m Photo not available 11m Photo not available ECL (m) Proposed Not in Scope Not in Scope Widening (Thisayanvilai (Thisayanvilai ) ) Impact No direct No direct impact impact DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-50 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage 33.600 Structure ID No Over Head Water Supply Tank Village Name Idaiyangudi Photo not available Side (Left/Right) LHS Distance from 11m ECL (m) Proposed Eccentric on Widening LHS Impact No direct impact Out of the 34nos. existing ground water sources 18nos. are under direct impact, needs to be relocated before the start of project road. Table 7-24 Impacts on Ground Water Bodies along Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH41 S.No Chainage Description Category Locaton 1. 5+410 Hand Pump Hand Pump RHS 2. 17+390 Hand Pump Hand Pump LHS 3. 18+060 Hand Pump Hand Pump RHS 4. 18+080 Hand Pump Hand Pump RHS 5. 18+100 Hand Pump Hand Pump RHS 6. 21+570 Hand Pump Hand Pump RHS 7. 74+680 Hand Pump Hand Pump RHS 8. 73+880 Hand Pump Hand Pump LHS 9. 14+380 Borewell Point Borewell Point LHS 10. 18+050 Open Bore Well Bore well RHS 11. 15+860 Open Well Open Well LHS 12. 25+660 OHT TWAD OHT LHS 13. 70+720 Water Tank(PWD) Water Tank RHS 14. 74+760 Water Tank(PWD) Water Tank RHS 15. 74+840 (PWD)Open Bore Well and Hand Pump Open Well RHS 16. 78+600 water tank(pwd) Water Tank RHS 17. 74+580 open well Open Well LHS 18. 16+290 TWAD Water Tap LHS 19. 16+980 TWAD Water Tap LHS 20. 17+030 TWAD Water Tap LHS 21. 17+040 TWAD Water Tap LHS DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-51 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 S.No Chainage Description Category Locaton 22. 17+290 TWAD Water Tap LHS 23. 18+000 TWAD Water Tap LHS 24. 18+060 TWAD Water Tap LHS 25. 18+400 TWAD Water Tap LHS 26. 23+890 TWAD Water Tap LHS 27. 23+890 TWAD Water Tap LHS 28. 24+600 TWAD Water Tap LHS 29. 25+560 TWAD Water Tap LHS 30. 25+920 TWAD Water Tap LHS 31. 26+050 TWAD Water Tap LHS 32. 26+220 TWAD Water Tap LHS 33. 71+680 TWAD Water Tap LHS 34. 72+280 TWAD Water Tap LHS 35. 72+780 TWAD Water Tap LHS 36. 72+980 TWAD Water Tap LHS 37. 72+980 TWAD Water Tap LHS 38. 73+550 TWAD Water Tap LHS 39. 74+320 TWAD Water Tap LHS 40. 79+890 TWAD Water Tap LHS 41. 82+780 TWAD Water Tap LHS Source: SIA Volume VII B Out of the 41nos. impacted ground water sources, 8 nos. are hand pumps, 23 nos. are water taps, 3 nos. are open wells, 2 nos. are borewells, 1 no. OHT and 4 nos. water tanks will be impacted. These CPRs need to be relocated before the start of project road. 7.6.2 Alteration of Cross Drainage During the construction period some amount of drainage alteration is anticipated, due to construction of temporary traffic diversions. Table 7-25 elaborates the need of diversion for the reconstruction and new proposed bridges. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-52 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Table 7-25 : Bridges reconstruction along project roads Existing Proposed S. Existing Arrangement of Arrangement Diversio Recommendation No Chainage span of span n (No. x Span) (No. x Span) Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 1 23/982 8x1.6 3x6.0 Reconstruction Diversion 35/200 1x36.0 Reconstruction due Vented 2 10x0.9 Diversion Causeway (New minor bridge) 3 48/313 6x 2.5 2x6.0 Reconstruction Diversion 4 48/886 3 x 2.5 2x4.0 Reconstruction Diversion 5 52/200 3x6.5 3x6.0 Reconstruction Diversion 6 54/200 2x3.3 2x6.0 Reconstruction Diversion Nanguneri – Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 New Minor Bridge (Existing 1 4/500 - 3x6.0 Diversion Causeway) New Minor Bridge (Existing 2 11/121 4x1.6 3x6.0 Diversion Vented Causeway) New Minor Bridge (Existing 3 13/610 - 2x6.0 Diversion Causeway) New Minor Bridge (Existing 4 26/300 1x 36.0 Diversion Causeway) Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 1 3/750 3X2.7 2x6 Reconstruction Diversion 2 6/580 5X2.3 2x6 Reconstruction Diversion 3 19/800 5X10.5 2 x 28 c/c Brg. Reconstruction Diversion 4 20/493 3X3.3 2x6 Reconstruction Diversion 5 23/165 4X5.0 3x6 Reconstruction Diversion 6 25/980 5X2.9 2x6 Reconstruction Diversion 7 41/358 4X3.2 3x6 Reconstruction Diversion 8 58/416 5X1.70 2x6 Reconstruction Diversion 9 82/253 3X3.5 2x6 Reconstruction Diversion Source: Detailed Project Report With these widening and improvement of minor bridges and bridging of existing causeways, there will be an improvement in the drainage characteristics of the surrounding area. And the alteration will be temporary in nature. All the diversions will be provided with adequate water way for drainage. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-53 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 7.6.3 Run-off and Drainage Sediment accumulation in water bodies decreases the storage capacity for road run-off. To worsen the situation road construction activities can lead to increased run-off both, during the construction and operational stage. This can be considered a high adverse impact. Sr. Phase of Reason No. Construction The removal of vegetation and compaction of soil can lead to increased 1 Construction phase run-off during the monsoon The area of open ground lost and added impervious black top surface 2 Operational phase increases the amount and rate of run-off. The project involves widening of existing roads within the ROW, with addition of 2x1.5 paved shoulders to the existing pavement of 7m; provision of 2x1m earthen (98 per cent compacted) shoulders; raising the pavement and as a result widening the embankment. Overall the increase in the impervious surface would be 3m. During the operation phase increased run-off can be calculated using the formula: Increase in runoff per year (m3) = increase in runoff coefficient due to construction * annual rainfall in the area (m) * area of the constructed surface (m2) The appropriate run-off coefficients are: 0.95 for asphalt, 0.2 for silty and sandy soil, 0.3 for loamy soil, and 0.55 for Black cotton soil. Hence, for Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 Annual average rainfall is equals to 758.9mm say 0.758m (IMD data) (five years average is taken from baseline) The increase in construction surface (BT) equals to 96,000 sqm Increase in runoff (cum) = (0.95-0.2) X 0.758 X 96 X 10^3 = 54.57 x 10^3 cum Hence additional 0.55 lakh KL of additional storm water will be required to drain off. For Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89: Annual average rainfall is equals to 948.68mm say 0.949m (IMD data) (five years average is taken from baseline) The increase in construction surface (BT) equals to 1,05,600 sqm Increase in runoff (cum) = (0.95-0.2) X 0.949 X 105.6 X 10^3 = 75.16 x 10^3 cum Hence additional 0.75 lakh KL of additional storm water will be required to drain off. For Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH41: Annual average rainfall is equals to 758.9mm say 0.758m (IMD data) (five years average is taken from baseline) DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-54 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 The increase in construction surface (BT) equals to 225,000 sqm Increase in runoff (cum) = (0.95-0.2) X 0.758 X 225 X 10^3 = 127.9 x 10^3 cum Hence additional 1.28 lakh KL of additional storm water will be required to drain off. Since soil erosion is associated with concentrated flow of water it is imperative to prevent any increased diversion of run-off into drainage channels. 7.6.4 Water requirement for project The water requirement for construction depends on the climatic conditions, type of equipment, type of material available, mix design, type of construction plant and number of people working on the project. With the following assumptions the approximate water quantity required for the Project has been calculated. 1 8-10% of weight of soil for the embankment construction 2 7-8% of weight of soil for sub grade construction 3 5-6% of weight of GSB materials for GSB and WMM 4 150 liters/ cum for concrete The water requirement has been assumed based on past project experiences and on the strict quality control basis. Domestic requirement of 150 liters per worker has been assumed. For this project about 60 nos., 50 nos. and 125 nos. resident workers have been considered for SH89, SH44 and SH41 project road sections respectively. Details of the water requirement assessed for the project roads are presented in Table 7.26. Table 7-26: Requirement of Water for Proposed Construction Works Nanguneri - Rajapalayam- Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Bharatavaram Sankarankoil- Ettayapuram - Ovari Road upto Tirunelveli S. Purpose Vilathikulam - Vembar ECR Junction, section of SH-41 No. Road, Section of SH44 Section of SH 89 (Cum/day) (Cum/day) (Cum/day) Permanent works 1 90 kl/day 100 kl/day 185 kl/day (Total quantity in cum) Dust Suppression at work 2 15 18 30 zone in (cum/day) 3 Curing (cum/day) 8 10 10 4 Laboratory (cum/day) 5 5 7 5 Haul Roads (cum/day) 15 15 18 6 Crusher (cum/day) 10 10 12 7 Plant Cleaning and workshop 8 8 10 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-55 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Nanguneri - Rajapalayam- Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Bharatavaram Sankarankoil- Ettayapuram - Ovari Road upto Tirunelveli S. Purpose Vilathikulam - Vembar ECR Junction, section of SH-41 No. Road, Section of SH44 Section of SH 89 (Cum/day) (Cum/day) (Cum/day) washing in (cum/day) Domestic Purpose in 8 8 9 18 (cum/day) Total Requirement(cum/day) 159 175 290 7.6.5 Water Quality Increased Sedimentation Degradation of water quality due to sediment transport may occur from activities like removal of trees, removal of grass cover, excavation, stock piling of materials as part of the pre construction and construction activities. The soil type present along the project corridor consists of the sandy soil. The impacts due to increased sediment laden run-off will make the water more turbid. This is a significant negative impact on the water bodies supporting aquatic life. Heavier sediment may smother the algae gROWing in the lower strata and could completely alter the nature of the watercourse. Excessive sediment loads may also mean disruption to areas of fish breeding. Contamination of Water Construction Stage: The degradation of the surface and to a much less extent ground water quality can occur from pavement construction works, bridge construction works, construction plants, machinery and accommodations of workers. The sources of water pollution from the construction activities are as follows;  Water flow from scarified bitumen materials  From the foundation works of the bridges and culverts such as piling and excavation for open/ well foundations  Oil spills from the Maintenance of the machinery and operation of the diesel generator sets on site.  Oil Spill from the operation of the diesel pumps and diesel storage, transportation and transfer, parking places, and diesel generators.  Operation of the emulsion sprayer and laying of hot mix.  Operation of the residential facilities for the labour and officers and offices  Storage and stock yards of bitumen and emulsion DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-56 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Degradation of water quality is also possible due to accidental discharges into watercourses from drainage of workers camps and from spillages from vehicle parking and/or fuel and lubricant storage areas. Operation Stage: During the operation stage, water may get contaminated with similar reasons, as mentioned above, during routine and periodical maintenance of the project road. The implications of accidental discharge are potentially disastrous. But, it must be emphasized that the probability of such an accident is quite low, as one of the objectives of the design is the enhancement of road safety. 7.7 NOISE ENVIRONMENT - IMPACT Environmental noise particularly highway traffic noise, is a complex phenomenon because its intensity and characteristics vary with time depending upon the frequency as well as type of vehicles on the road. The impacts of noise due to the project will be of temporary significance locally in the construction phase. Table below present the source of noise pollution and the impact categorization. Table 7-27 Source of noise pollution Sl. Phase Source of Noise pollution Impact categorization No. 1 Pre  Man, material & machinery movements  all activities will last for a short construction  establishment of labor camps onsite duration and also shall be offices, stock yards and construction localized in nature plants 2 Construction  Plant Site  Plant Site: Impact will be Phase  stone crushing, asphalt production significant within 500m. plant and batching plants, diesel  Work zones: Such impacts generators etc again will be of temporary  Work zones nature as the construction site  Community residing near to the work will go on changing with the zones progress of the works. 3 Operation  due to increase in traffic (due to  will be compensated with the Phase improved facility) uninterrupted movement of heavy and light vehicles till the facility reaches the level of service C. List of the sensitive receptors located along the project road are presented in Table 7.28. Table 7-28 :Sensitive Receptors with respect to Noise Pollution along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-57 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage 24.460 24.840 Structure ID No Panchayat and Indu Elementary Library School Village Name Mukkuttumalai Mukkuttumalai Side RHS LHS (Left/Right) Distance from 40-45m 12-15m ECL(m) Length (m)x 40x15 20x10 Breadth (m) Proposed Concentric Eccentric on Widening LHS Impact No direct Impact No direct Impact Chainage 27.520 27.530 Structure ID No Old R.C. Self Helf Group Elementary (Woman) School Village Name Nakkalmuttampat Nakkalmuttampat ti ti Side RHS RHS (Left/Right) Distance from 3.5-4m 7m ECL(m) Length (m)x 10x5 5x7 Breadth (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No Impact No direct Impact Chainage 27.650 30.800 Structure ID No R.C. Christian Govt. Higher Sec. Church and School School Village Name Nakkalmuttampat Ilaiyarasanendal ti Side RHS LHS (Left/Right) Distance from 9m 11m ECL(m) Length (m)x 50x20 150x45 Breadth (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No direct Impact No direct Impact DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-58 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage 36.000 41.600 Structure ID No G. Govt. Ladies Venkataswamy Hostel Nadu College Village Name Kovil Patti Kovil Patti Side LHS LHS (Left/Right) Distance from 50-60m 15m ECL(m) Length (m)x 200x200 20x25 Breadth (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No direct Impact No direct Impact Chainage 41.800 42.100 Structure ID No Govt. Library V.O.C. Govt. Higher Sec. School Village Name Kovil Patti Kovil Patti Side LHS RHS (Left/Right) Distance from 40m 10m ECL(m) Length (m)x 30x25 150x100 Breadth (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No direct Impact No direct Impact Chainage 42.200 43.500 Structure ID No Kammavar Thiruvalluvar ITI Ladies Higer Sec. college School Village Name Kovil Patti Kovil Patti Side LHS LHS (Left/Right) Distance from 12m 40m ECL(m) Length (m)x 30x80 20x70 Breadth (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No direct Impact No direct Impact DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-59 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage 44.600 50.900 Structure ID No Govt. Primary C.K.T. School Matriculation Higer Sec. School Village Name Tittangulam Kumaragiri Side LHS RHS (Left/Right) Distance from 40mx20m 15 ECL(m) Length (m)x 50x20 150x100 Breadth (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No direct Impact No direct Impact Chainage 52.400 52.450 Structure ID No Govt. Primary Self Helf Group School (Woman) Village Name Ilambuvanam Ilambuvanam Side RHS RHS (Left/Right) Distance from 9m 10m ECL(m) Length (m)x 40x40 40x20 Breadth (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No direct Impact No direct Impact Chainage 53.300 53.300 Structure ID No Bharathiar Ladies Bharathiar Ladies Polytechnique Polytechnique college college Hostel Village Name Ettayapuram Ettayapuram Side LHS RHS (Left/Right) Distance from 15-20m 40-50m ECL(m) Length (m)x 600x200 100x30 Breadth (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No direct Impact No direct Impact DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-60 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage 54.500 31.600 Structure ID No Mariappa Govt. Hospital Elementary and Health School Center Village Name Ettayapuram Ilaiyarasanendal Side LHS LHS (Left/Right) Distance from 8m 20m ECL(m) Length (m)x 40x30 50x20 Breadth (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No direct Impact No direct Impact Chainage 40.025 41.800 Structure ID No Gowori Hospital Vetanary Hospital Village Name Kovil Patti Kovil Patti Side LHS RHS (Left/Right) Distance from 9m 40m ECL(m) Length (m)x 10x20m 40x70 Breadth (m) Proposed Not In Scope Concentric Widening (Kovilpatti city) Impact No direct Impact No direct Impact Table 7-29 Sensitive Receptors with respect to Noise Pollution along Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Chainage 0.200 0.450 Structure ID No Old Age Home, Little Flower Arsan Rural Community Development College Society Village Name Naguneri Naguneri Side (Left/Right) RHS RHS Distance from 12m 14m ECL(m) Length (m)x L- 60m L-150m Breadth (m) Proposed Eccentric on Eccentric on Widening RHS RHS Impact No direct impact No direct impact DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-61 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage 5.800 8.390 Structure ID No Panchayat Shivguru Nursery Library School Village Name Eamankulam Subramaniyapur am Side (Left/Right) LHS RHS Distance from 15m 9-10m ECL(m) Length (m)x L- 10m L- 12m Breadth (m) Proposed Eccentric on Concentric Widening LHS Impact No direct impact No direct impact Chainage 9.070 9.900 Structure ID No Govt. Nursery Rattish Nursery School and Primary School Village Name Subramaniyapur Subramaniyapur am am Side (Left/Right) RHS RHS Distance from 25-30m 30m ECL(m) Length (m)x L- 10m L- 10m Breadth (m) Proposed Concentric Eccentric on Widening RHS Impact No direct impact No direct impact Chainage 10.500 10.550 Structure ID No T.D.T.A. Govt. Govt. Higher Middle School Sec. School Village Name Subramaniyapur Elangulan am Side (Left/Right) RHS RHS Distance from 8m 13m ECL(m) Length (m)x L- -70m L- 150m Breadth (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-62 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Impact No direct impact No direct impact Chainage 14.400 14.910 Structure ID No RECT Poly Panchayat Union Technic college School Village Name South South Vijaynarayanam Vijaynarayanan Side (Left/Right) LHS LHS Distance from 40-50m 10m ECL(m) Length (m)x L- 400m L- 15m Breadth (m) Proposed Eccentric on Concentric Widening LHS Impact No direct impact No direct impact Chainage 16.900 22.300 Structure ID No R.C. Agasthiar St. Antony S. School College of Education Village Name South Anagal Nagar Vijaynarayanam Side (Left/Right) LHS LHS Distance from 10-11m 8m ECL(m) Length (m)x L- 40m L- 100m Breadth (m) Proposed Concentric Eccentric on Widening RLHS Impact No direct impact No impact Chainage 25.000 30.200 Structure ID No Panchayat Union Lions middle School Matriculation School Village Name Kumaraapuram Appuvilai Side (Left/Right) LHS RHS Photo Not Available Distance from 12m 5.5m ECL(m) Length (m)x L- 40m L- 35m Breadth (m) Proposed Eccentric on Eccentric on Widening RHS RHS Impact No direct impact No Direct Impact Chainage 32.050 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-63 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Structure ID No Cold Well Memorial Higher Sec. School Village Name Idaiyangudi Side (Left/Right) LHS Distance from 6.5m Photo Not Available ECL(m) Length (m)x L- 150m Breadth (m) Proposed Eccentric on Widening RHS Impact No direct impact Table 7-30: Sensitive Receptors with respect to Noise Pollution along Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 Chainage 9+400 16+200 Structure ID No School College Village Name Cholapuram Paruvakudi Side (Left/Right) RHS LHS Distance from ECL 15 12 Proposed Widening Concentric Concentric Impact No Direct Impact No Direct Impact Chainage 26+800 27+750 Structure ID No School School Village Name Sankarakovil Sri Gomathipuram Side (Left/Right) LHS RHS Distance from ECL 20 10 Proposed Widening Concentric Eccentric on RHS Impact No Direct Impact No Impact Chainage 29+500 44+500 Structure ID No School School Village Name Sankarakovil Melaneelithnulur Side (Left/Right) LHS LHS Distance from ECL 12 12 Proposed Widening Not in Scope Eccentric on LHS Impact No Impact No direct impact Chainage 47+200 55+200 Structure ID No School School Village Name Ayalpatti Vannikonedhal Side (Left/Right) RHS RHS DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-64 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Distance from ECL 10 10 Proposed Widening Eccentric on RHS Concentric Impact No Impact No direct Impact Chainage 57+100 21+200 Structure ID No School Hospital Village Name Adikulampuram Karivalamvanthanallur Side (Left/Right) RHS RHS Distance from ECL 15 10 Proposed Widening Concentric Concentric Impact No direct imapct No direct imapct As evident from above table, there is no impact on other any of the sensitive receptors due to proposed development along project roads. 7.7.1 Prediction of Noise Levels Although the baseline day & night time noise levels monitored at various locations along the project roads are within permissible limits specified by the CPCB for residential and sensitive areas, still, noise is a major area of concern, especially since sensitive receptors (schools, colleges and hospitals) have been located quite close to the road. To assess the noise levels at the various sensitive receptors located along the project roads, the prediction of noise levels6 has been made for the horizon years 2020, 2030 and 2040, using the FHWA Transport Noise Model 7.7.1.1 FHWA Transport Noise Model The Highway Noise Model presented below is based upon calculating the hourly Leq for all category-wise vehicles separately and then adding these logarithmically to obtain the overall hourly Leq as follows: 6 Operational noise for the highway are predicted through the model developed by Federal Highway Administration, Department of Transportation of the U.S. Likely noise levels at various receptor locations predicted through FHWA noise model in present study. The various assumptions predicting the noise levels along the corridor through the FHWA model were:  No significant change in the vehicle characteristics is anticipated during the projected period;  There are no major grade differences in the project area as it is generally a plain terrain and gentle slopes of 1% to 3%., and no significant effect of grade on the noise levels is anticipated;  The traffic along the proposed section is assumed to flow simultaneously in both the lanes and in both directions;  Noise from other sources apart from the highway is not being accounted for in the modelling; and  The receptor is considered to be independent of the noise emitted from the adjacent stretches. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-65 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 eq (hi) = Loei + 10 log [Ni/ (Si T)] +10 log [(15/D) ^ (1+alpha)] -13 + S Where, Leq (hi) Equivalent noise level at the hour (hi) for vehicle type (i) Loei Reference means energy level for (ith) vehicle type Ni Number of vehicles of (ith) class passing in time (T) one Hour (1 hour) Si Average Speed of vehicles of (ith) class (kmph) T Time duration corresponding to Ni, one hour D Perpendicular distance in (m) from centreline of the traffic lane to observer  Factor relating to absorption characteristics of the ground cover between roadway and observer (to be conservative, this is taken as O in actual modelling, but considered qualitatively in the final analysis) S: Shielding factor for barrier (to be conservative, this is taken as O in actual modelling, but considered qualitatively in the final analysis) The combined effect of all the vehicle categories can be determined at the receptor by adding the individual values using the following equation. Leq(h,total) = log10  10 Leq(hi/10) Reference Noise Levels The vehicular noise emission levels significantly vary with vehicle speed. It is therefore necessary that speed dependency of noise emissions for various categories of vehicles is taken into account while using the model for noise prediction due to the roadway. In this work the speed-noise relations presented by National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI) in their report on Environmental and Social Assessment Delhi - NOIDA Bridge Project have been adopted as follows: Speed-Noise Relationships for Various Motor Vehicles Cars Trucks & Buses 2/3 Wheelers Speed (kmph) (dB (A)) (dB (A)) (dB (A)) 30 56.0 73.0 58.0 40 59.0 76.0 61.0 50 63.0 80.0 66.0 60 68.0 81.0 68.0 70 68.0 81.5 70.0 80 70.0 82.0 72.0 90 72.0 83.0 74.0 100 74.0 83.5 76.0 Traffic Volumes and Speed Traffic volume counts were carried out at two homogenous sections each at Paruvakudi - DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-66 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44, Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 and Rajapalayam- Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41 in 2013-14 (As used for CO modelling). Based on the estimated gROWth rates, traffic was projected over the design period for these sections. Hourly traffic volumes project roads were projected for years 2015 to 2040 which was used for noise modelling. Design Speed A design speed of 80 kmph and 65 kmph has been adopted for the design of widening of the project road sections for rural and urban stretches respectively. The noise modelling has been done taking into account the design speed at various stretches. Different operative speeds have been used for various horizon years in the design life to get a realistic picture of the noise levels. Predicted noise levels at noise monitoring locations are given in Table 7-31. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-67 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Table 7-31 : Predicted Noise Levels at Project Roads Predicted Noise Predicted Predicted Classification Level Standard S. Noise Level Noise Level Chainage Name of the location Description of dB(A) in dB(A) No. dB(A) IN 2020 dB(A) in 2030 location 2040 Day Night Day Night Day Night Day Night Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 School and temple at 1 Km 23.00 Sensitive 67.7 61 69.2 62.7 71 64.4 50 40 Naduvapatti 2 Km 26.100 Temple at Sippipari Commercial 67.7 61 69.2 62.7 71 64.4 65 55 Temple at 3 Km 27.30 Sensitive 67.7 61 69.2 62.7 71 64.4 50 40 Nakkalamuttampatti Cross junction of NH-7 at 4 Km 40-41 Commercial 67.9 64.8 69.5 66.5 71.2 68.2 65 55 Kovilpatti Municipal Area Built-up area at Residential cum 5 Km 57 71.9 68.8 73.5 70.5 75.2 72.2 65 55 Ettayapuram, commercial Near Mahakavibharathiyar 6 Km 55 Commercial 71.9 68.8 73.5 70.5 75.2 72.2 65 55 memorial near Ettayapuram Nanguneri – Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 1 Km 9.2 Govt.school Sensitive 67.1 61.2 68.7 63 70.7 64.8 50 40 School Near Elankulam 2 Km 11.00 Sensitive 67.1 61.2 68.7 63 70.7 64.8 50 40 Village RECT College 3 Km 14.20 Sensitive 63.2 57.3 64.8 59 66.7 60.8 50 40 Vijayanarayanam 4 Km 14.600 Medical dispensary Sensitive 67.1 61.2 68.7 63 70.7 64.8 50 40 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-68 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Predicted Noise Predicted Predicted Classification Level Standard S. Noise Level Noise Level Chainage Name of the location Description of dB(A) in dB(A) No. dB(A) IN 2020 dB(A) in 2030 location 2040 Day Night Day Night Day Night Day Night 5 16.5 School Sevandiapuram Sensitive 67.1 61.2 68.7 63 70.7 64.8 50 40 College Near cross junction 6 Km 22.20 Commercial 67.9 62.2 69.5 63.9 71.4 65.7 65 55 of SH-93 7 Km 32.4 School Idaiyangudi village Sensitive 67.9 62.2 69.5 63.9 71.4 65.7 65 55 8 Km 35.90 School and Church Ovari Sensitive 53.2 47.3 54.9 49.2 56.9 51 50 40 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41 1. 1.1 College Sensitive Zone 65.1 62.2 66.8 64 68.1 65.1 50 40 2. 9.4 Vandimahali Aman Temple Sensitive Zone 71.1 68.2 72.8 70 74.1 71.1 50 40 Mahatma Gandhi college of 3. 13 Sensitive Zone 71.1 68.2 72.8 70 74.1 71.1 50 40 Art & Science for Women 4. 16 Polytechnic college Sensitive Zone 71.1 68.2 72.8 70 74.1 71.1 50 40 Govt. Hospital and Bus 5. 21.15 Sensitive Zone 71.1 68.2 72.8 70 74.1 71.1 50 40 Shelter A.V.K. International School School and Factory 6. 26.8 and PKR Cotton Mill, 71.1 68.2 72.8 70 74.1 71.1 50 40 Area Sankarakovil Vaiyapuri-School and 7. 29.3 Sensitive Location 71.1 68.2 72.8 70 74.1 71.1 50 40 Temple, Sankarakovil Mutharamalinga Thevar 8. 43 Sensitive Location 70.4 65.4 71.9 67.1 73.5 68.4 50 40 College and Hostel Canteen Govt. Hospital and Govt. 9. 55.4 Sensitive Location 70.4 65.4 71.9 67.1 73.5 68.4 50 40 High School Elisabetta Vitale Matriculation School and 10. 57.05 Sensitive Location 70.4 65.4 71.9 67.1 73.5 68.4 50 40 Church, Lodola Nagar, Devarkulam 11. 61.8 Govt. High School Educational Area 70.4 65.4 71.9 67.1 73.5 68.4 50 40 12. 63.4 Eskiamanv Temple Sensitive Location 70.4 65.4 71.9 67.1 73.5 68.4 50 40 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-69 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Predicted Noise Predicted Predicted Classification Level Standard S. Noise Level Noise Level Chainage Name of the location Description of dB(A) in dB(A) No. dB(A) IN 2020 dB(A) in 2030 location 2040 Day Night Day Night Day Night Day Night 13. 71.2 Manur Village Residential 70.4 65.4 71.9 67.1 73.5 68.4 55 45 Govt. Middle School and 14. 74.75 Silence Zone 70.4 65.4 71.9 67.1 73.5 68.4 50 40 Temple Nanjankulam Regrouped Open Caste Mining 15. 77.6 Stone Mines, Indian Cement 70.4 65.4 71.9 67.1 73.5 68.4 65 55 Area Ltd., Seduroyan Paddur T.N., Vetenary College and Research Institute of 16. 81.2 Silence Zone 70.4 65.4 71.9 67.1 73.5 68.4 50 40 Vetenary and Animal Science University, Tirunveli The noise level variation with distance from centreline along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44, Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 and Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil- Tirunelveli section of SH-41 has been shown in Figure 7-7, Figure 7-8 and Figure 7-9 respectively. Interpretation of Results: At noise sensitive receptors, noise levels are exceeding the limits from the start of project life till end at all three project roads. However, it is to be noted that the above-predicted values are considering without shielding effects of noise due to vegetations etc. The road side avenue planatation will act as noise barrier for sensitive receptors. Vehicular noise & use of horns will be controlled through enforcement of laws and public awareness. It will be ensured that all the vehicles are using proper horn to keep noise within the permissible limits. Regular monitoring of noise level at specified locations will be conducted periodically. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-70 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Figure 7-7: Predicted noise levels variation with distance (from centreline) – Naduvapatti to Ettayapuram Road- SH44 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-71 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Figure 7-8: Predicted noise levels variation with distance (from centreline)- Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-72 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Figure 7-9: Predicted noise levels variation with distance (from centreline) – Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli Road (SH41) Noise Levels, Leq (Day) and Leq (Night) Variation Noise Levels, Leq (Day) and Leq (Night) Variation Noise Levels, Leq (Day) and Leq (Night) Variation (SH41, Year 2020) (SH41, Year 2030) (SH41, Year 2040) 80.0 80.0 80.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 Noise Level (dB(A)) Noise Level (dB(A)) Noise Level (dB(A)) 60.0 60.0 60.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 Distance (m) Lday Distance (m) Distance (m) Lday Lday Lnight Lnight Lnight Noise Levels, Leq (Day) and Leq (Night) Variation (SH41, Km15/000) Noise Levels, Leq (Day) and Leq (Night) Variation Noise Levels, Leq (Day) and Leq (Night) Variation Noise Levels, Leq (Day) and Leq (Night) Variation (SH41, Year 2020) (SH41, Year 2030) (SH41, Year 2040) 80.0 80.0 80.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 Noise Level (dB(A)) Noise Level (dB(A)) Noise Level (dB(A)) 60.0 60.0 60.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 Distance (m) Distance (m) Distance (m) Lday Lday Lday Lnight Lnight Lnight Noise Levels, Leq (Day) and Leq (Night) Variation (SH41, Km 70/000) DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-73 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 7.8 FLORA AND FAUNA - IMPACT The major impact in this project on flora involves the removal of trees to permit construction and to provide clear zone for safety of the road users. Table below presents the major adverse impacts on the flora & fauna and the indicators chosen to assess the impacts for this study. Table 7-32 Impacts on flora & fauna due To Construction Activities Impacts Due To Construction Indicators Alteration of Wild life passage Locations of wild life crossing of project road Tree felling No. of trees to be fell vegetation Area of vegetation loss Cattle Grazing Ground Area and location of grazing ground. 7.8.1 Forest Area The project roads do not pass through the Forest land. 7.8.2 Wild Life No wild life crossing is found along the project corridor. However, Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary is located at 7.5km distance from Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 and Srivilliputtur Giant Grizzled Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary is located at 6km distance from Rajapalayam, start point of Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH41 for which recommendations from NBWL will be obtained as per the procedure specified by MoEF&CC. 7.8.3 Tree Cutting Trees located within the toe line (bottom of formation) need to be removed for efficient construction workmanship and more importantly to prevent collision with the trees, in case of accident. Roadside trees with strong and rigid stems can pose safety hazards. Some trees obstruct clear sight distances. Others have a propensity to overturn when old and are potential safety hazards depending upon age and decay condition. All such trees that are safety hazards need to be cleared. There will be a significant, direct impact on cutting of the roadside trees, it includes  The loss of shade  Loss of tree products.  Loss of birds nesting place  Removal of roadside trees will also reduce comfort levels for slow moving traffic and pedestrians.  The removal of trees will facilitate erosion and contribute to the loss of the micro- ecosystems developed on the roadside. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-74 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41  Besides this trees act as noise barrier, dust absorption, air purifier etc. A detailed tree inventory was carried out of all the existing trees within the corridor of impact, due care had been given in alignment design to reduce/minimize the loss of flora and green tunnels. As a result a total of about 1190>30cm girth size, 773>30cm girth size and 3923>30cm girth size trees are required to be cut for the proposed development along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44, Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 and Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41 respectively. The summarized details of girthwise impacted trees along project roads are as follows (species wise detailed inventory is provided in Appendix 7.1): LHS/RHS Summary of Impacted Trees (Girth wise , cm) Above Total 30-60 60-90 90-120 120-150 150-180 180-210 210 Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 LHS 99 149 175 117 82 38 28 688 RHS 59 117 102 101 66 32 25 502 Total 158266 277 218 148 70 53 1190 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 LHS 131 97 82 34 12 11 16 383 RHS 122 94 85 56 11 7 15 390 Total 253 191 167 90 23 18 31 773 Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 LHS 658 350 385 152 57 69 166 1837 RHS 612 415 522 180 92 82 183 2086 Total 1270 765 907 332 149 151 349 3923 The major trees affected are Neem, Tamarind and Palm. Cutting of trees for fuel by workers, especially near their camps is of major concern. Therefore adequate training of the workers and availability of their fuel requirements are to be ensured by the Contractor. 7.8.4 Removal of Vegetation Clearing and grubbing of the area is the foremost requirement to start the construction activities in accordance with MoRTH specifications. The impact due to removal of vegetation includes  Dust generation during windy atmosphere  Loss of productive top soil  Soil erosion during rainy season, may lead to water contamination. Measures have been taken in reducing and curtailing the clearing and grubbing of excess land. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-75 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 7.8.5 Cattle Grazing No cattle grazing grounds have been found along the corridor of Impact. 7.9 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT-IMPACTS Adverse socio-economic impacts include all disruptions on the social and economic interactions of communities due to the road intervention. This involves effect on both the adjacent communities (mostly direct) as well as the nearby communities (mostly indirect). The various impacts have been detailed as:  General impacts that apply to the entire project Influence Area (Refer Table 7-2)  Specific impacts on likely properties and PAPs, within the Corridor of Impact. General Impacts Engineering, environmental and socio-economic surveys, conducted during the design phase, for the generation of the baseline information, give indications of several adverse impacts in the vicinity of the alignment, which are related to common human psychology and general in nature. 7.9.1 Fear of uncertainties regarding future These normally become long lived, given the length of time, which elapses between initial surveys and commencement of construction. Land and property owners are subjected to sufferings regarding uncertainties of the extent of loss and the nature of compensation. These involve:  uncertainty of the amount of land/property to be acquired,  time of acquisition and evacuation,  extent and amount compensation,  Provision of alternative land or job, etc. 7.9.2 Inducement of Land Prices Once the project becomes common knowledge, there may be a danger of unscrupulous speculators moving in to purchase land at what might seem to be advantageous prices, prior to the commencement of the official procedures. Such impact is more likely to occur in the case of urban fringe areas during the design and pre-construction phase. 7.9.3 Inducement of Squatter Influx Squatters may attempt to occupy land along and adjacent to the proposed alignments, in the hope of receiving compensation or some other inducements to leave when construction commences. Such squatters could cause undue pressure on local resources such as water and firewood, which could result in conflicts with those who are harvesting the resources presently. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-76 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 7.9.4 Loss of utilities and amenities Site clearance involves removal of various assets, utilities and amenities that are:  Natural (trees, bushes and grasslands), and  Physical structures (public or private assets and utilities).  Relocation of utilities like electricity, water and telephone lines For people dependent on the above, this constitutes economic loss for some time before these are restored to their previous status. These will be further discussed in the RAP. 7.9.5 Public health and safety a) Impacts on Public health and safety may arise during the phases of pre-construction, construction and operation phases. During the pre-construction and construction phases, dismantling of the structures for CoI clearance and road construction activities may result in the following health hazards:  Dismantling of properties has psychological impacts on their owners and others associated with them.  Debris generated on account of the above mentioned activities. b) Labour Camps during construction period can bring the following problems.  In the case of non-local labour (if so is arranged by the contractor), labour camps are set up at one or more sites adjacent to the alignment, and at some ancillary sites, like aggregate quarries. These labourers hired from outside can have clashes with the local population on account of cultural and religious differences. The influx of a large work force to an area, already hard pressed for basic services (medical services, power, water supply, etc.), can impose additional stress on these facilities.  if alternative fuels are not made available to the workforce, there is a likelihood that trees will be cut down for cooking or heating purposes.  In sanitary conditions in the labour camps might also result in impact on health of labourers as well as the local population. Transmission of diseases is also facilitated by the migration of people. During the construction phase work, crews and their dependants may bring with them a multitude of communicable diseases including sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) like AIDS. This is more so if the nature of the project requires more male-workers, who have migrated from other parts of the state or country. c) Allied activities during construction period may cause local disruption.  During road construction allied activities like quarrying and crushing operations, traffic diversions, etc., may cause disruption of social and economic life of the local population of the nearby areas.  Dust and noise generated in crushing and blasting operations may cause nuisance to the nearby communities.  Traffic jams and congestion, loss of access and other road accident risks, as a result of diversion of traffic and construction work on road. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-77 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41  There will be some impact on land during construction, limited mainly to temporary acquisition to cater to road diversion or traffic detours and establishment of labour camps. d) Accidents and Safety  Although the design speeds have been kept lower in the major settlement areas, some amount of severance is expected in the rural areas. Especially where the residential area is on one side and their agricultural land and other facilities are on the other side of the highway. School children and ladies carrying pots full of water from the water sources (ponds/wells) also get exposed to this risk. In rural areas it was seen that cattle also cross the highways near the settlement. 7.9.6 Resettlement of People People, displaced from their homes and agricultural lands on account of the project, shall induce additional pressures to the local resource base. These include pressure on:  water resources in areas where availability is low,  grazing lands and fuel-wood,  Public services such as schools and medical facilities. 7.9.7 Land Use Changes Land use changes along the road corridors are anticipated. These shall bring about a change in the characteristics of the adjacent lands. There would be succession of land uses and higher return uses would displace the lower return uses. This phenomenon will occur at major intersections and in settlement areas along the project corridors. The urban fringe areas along the project roads will be subjected to ribbon development. 7.9.8 Disturbance to the Road side Services Along the highway, near settlements, small shops get attracted to serve the local people as well as the highway users. A composite socio-economically inter-dependent has been developed as a consequence. The shops serve dual purpose by providing income and employment to locals as well as service to the road users. It is likely that due to implementation of the project some of the shops may get displaced. This would cause negative impact on the livelihood of people as well as loss of service to the local people and road users. 7.9.9 Removal of encroachments and squatters In order to reduce the number of PAPs, land clearing shall be restricted to within the Corridor of Impact (CoI) which principally lies within the ROW. Width of the CoI varies according to the design and is narROWer in the settlement areas (16m), where the numbers of PAPs are likely to be more. However, some amount of land clearing will be essential in several of these stretches. The potential impacts likely to arise from clearance of encroached residential areas (especially DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-78 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 in settlements along the project corridors) may involve loss of valuable residential space to the residents. In the case of squatter settlements, displacement might lead to loss of shelter if adequate measures are not taken for their resettlement. Compensation may not be enough for the effected persons to gain access to shelter. Other impacts include disturbance to family and community life and increased distance from their workplace. In such cases the displaced persons may again resort to squatting. The extent of loss in the case of encroached agricultural lands shall be relatively less, in comparison with residential and commercial properties. This because, the encroached lands form only a small part of the total cropped land of the farmers. Specific Impact Other socio-economic impacts involve the presence of sensitive community facilities within the Corridor of Impact such as worship places and cultural properties. 7.9.10 Sensitive Community Structures Utmost care has been taken in finalising the horizontal and vertical alignment so that the impact on cultural properties could be better avoided than mitigated. Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44: Out of the 18no.s cultural properties existing along the road, two temples and one church are in direct impact, i.e. lying within the COI of the proposed widening/upgradation. The total list of cultural properties identified along the road that will have experience positive or negative impact is provided in the Table 7.33. Table 7-33 : List of sensitive community structures along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 Chainage 24.410 26.400 Structure ID No Kannivinayagar RamapuliAyyarn Temple ar, Temple Village Name Mukkuttumalai Sippipari Side (Left/Right) R L Distance from 8-10m 8-15m ECL (m) Length (m)x 30x12 20x20 Breadth (m) Proposed Eccentric on Concentric Widening LHS Impact Boundary wall No direct Impact impacted DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-79 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage 27.500 27.620 Structure ID No Kali Amman Shaktivinayagar Temple Temple Village Name Nakkalmuttam Nakkalmuttampat patti ti Side (Left/Right) R R Distance from 9m 10m ECL (m) Length (m)x 15x7 3x3 Breadth (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No direct No direct Impact Impact Chainage 30.200 30.500 Structure ID No IrulasuSwamy Pathinattampadi Temple Karuppaswamy Village Name Ilaiyarasanen Ilaiyarasanendal dal Side (Left/Right) L L Distance from 40m 15m ECL (m) Length (m)x 50x30 30x15 Breadth (m) Proposed Curve Concentric Widening improvement on RHS Impact No direct No direct Impact Impact Chainage 39.950 39.980 Structure ID No Sembaveliya ManglaVinayagar mman Temple Temple Village Name Kovil Patti Kovil Patti Side (Left/Right) L R Distance from 30m 4m ECL (m) Length (m)x 30x30 7x5 Breadth (m) Proposed Kovipatti city Kovipatti city is Widening is not in scope not in scope Impact No impact No impact Chainage 41.400 44.500 Structure ID No VarasakthiVin Kali Aman ayagar Temple Temple and Income Tax Office Village Name Kovil Patti Tittangulam DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-80 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Side (Left/Right) L R Distance from 12m 10m ECL (m) Length (m)x 10x5 20x12 Breadth (m) Proposed Kovipatti city Concentric Widening is not in scope Impact No impact Impacted Chainage 45.000 46.900 Structure ID No Church Vinayagar Temple Village Name Tittangulam Tittangulam Side (Left/Right) L L Distance from 50m 10m ECL (m) Length (m)x 30x60 30x12 Breadth (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No direct No direct Impact Impact Chainage 52.350 54.600 Structure ID No Pomariamma Chellathai n Temple (Big Amman Temple Temple) Village Name Ilambuvanam Ilambuvanam Side (Left/Right) L L Distance from 10m 10-11m ECL (m) Length (m)x 40x25 7x7 Breadth (m) Proposed Concentric Eccentric on LHS Widening Impact No direct No direct Impact Impact Chainage 55.600 55.800 Structure ID No Vinayagar Vinayagar Temple Temple Village Name Ilambuvanam Ilambuvanam Side (Left/Right) L R Distance from 13m 30m ECL (m) Length (m)x 5x7 20x20 Breadth (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-81 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Impact No direct No direct Impact Impact Chainage 92.00 (SH-32) 27.520 Structure ID No Uttandaraman Old R.C. Church Temple Village Name Ilambuvanam Mukutumalai Side (Left/Right) L RHS Distance from 40m 3.5-4m ECL (m) Length (m)x 70x50 10x5 Breadth (m) Proposed Concentric Widening Impact No direct Impacted Impact Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89: Out of the 30no.s cultural properties existing along the road, five temples are impacted, and boundary wall of two church are in direct impact, i.e. lying within the formation width of the proposed widening/upgradation. The total list of cultural properties identified along the road that will have experience positive or negative impact is provided in the Table 7.35. Table 7-34 : List of sensitive community structures along Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Chainage 0.060 0.800 Structure ID No Balavinayagar Meborn Temple Assembly of God Village Name Naguneri Naguneri Side (Left/Right) RHS LHS Distance from 12m 60m ECL (m) Length (m)x 7x6m 15x8m Breadth (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No direct impact No direct impact Chainage 2.730 2.790 Structure ID No Amman Temple Sudalaisamy Temple Village Name EraippOvari EraippOvari Side (Left/Right) LHS LHS Distance from L- 10m L- 3.5m ECL (m) Length (m)x 7x5m 8x5 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-82 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Breadth (m) Proposed Eccentric on Eccentric on RHS Widening RHS Impact No direct impact Impacted Chainage 3.300 3.700 Structure ID No St. Antony S. Shri Athisaya Church Vinayagar Temple Village Name Kalambarambu Perumal Nagar Village Side (Left/Right) LHS LHS Distance from 11-12m 5-7m ECL (m) Length (m)x 40x15m 13x7m Breadth (m) Proposed Eccentric on LHS Eccentric on RHS Widening Impact Boundary wall is Partially impacted impacted Chainage 5.830 8.400 Structure ID No Sudalaisamy Temple Temple Village Name Eamankulam Subramaniyapur am Side (Left/Right) LHS RHS Distance from 9-10m 7-8m ECL (m) Length (m)x 25x10m 8x4m Breadth (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No direct impact No direct impact Chainage 8.400 8.500 Structure ID No Temple Amman Temple Village Name Subramaniyapur Subramaniyapur am am Side (Left/Right) RHS RHS Distance from 40-45m 8-9m ECL (m) Length (m)x 15x40m 6x4m Breadth (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-83 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Widening Impact No direct impact No Impact Chainage 8.630 10.540 Structure ID No Sudalai Andavar Antony Church Temple Village Name Subramaniyapur Subramaniyapura am m Side (Left/Right) RHS RHS Distance from 7-10m 9m ECL (m) Length (m)x 10x7m 5x4m Breadth (m) Proposed Concentric Eccentric on LHS Widening Impact Impacted No direct impact Chainage 10.620 11.300 Structure ID No CSI Church Church Village Name Elangulan Elangulan Side (Left/Right) LHS LHS Distance from 30m 15m ECL (m) Length (m)x 15x15m 200x50m Breadth (m) Proposed Eccentric on LHS Concentric Widening Impact No direct impact No direct impact Chainage 11.450 15.600 Structure ID No Terumal Temple Sodalai Temple Village Name Bharati Nagar South Vijaynarayanam Side (Left/Right) LHS RHS Distance from 10m 10m ECL (m) Length (m)x 15x10m 7x5m Breadth (m) Proposed Concentric Eccentric on RHS Widening Impact No direct impact No direct impact Chainage 16.000 17.350 Structure ID No Sodalai Temple Sodalai Temple Village Name South South Vijaynarayana Vijaynarayanam Side (Left/Right) RHS RHS DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-84 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Distance from 7-10m 7-8m ECL (m) Length (m)x 10x10m 15x8m Breadth (m) Proposed Eccentric on Concentric Widening RHS Impact No direct impact Impacted Chainage 18.000 19.300 Structure ID No St. Lorth Matha Essakiamman Church Temple Village Name Mannarpuram Mannarpuram Side (Left/Right) RHS RHS Distance from 10-11m 8m ECL (m) Length (m)x 15x7m 8x5m Breadth (m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No direct impact Partially impacted Chainage 20.800 21.300 Structure ID No Arockiamatha The Pent Coastal Church Mission Village Name Mannarpuram Mannarpuram Side (Left/Right) LHS RHS Distance from 12m 12-13m ECL (m) Length (m)x 8x6m 80x25m Breadth (m) Proposed Concentric Eccentric on RHS Widening Impact No direct impact No direct impact Chainage 25.350 27.500 Structure ID No CSI Church Nallamadasamy Temple Village Name Kumaraapuram Bala Sithivanagar Side (Left/Right) RHS RHS Distance from 3.5m ECL (m) Length (m)x 10x20m 20x10m Breadth (m) Proposed Eccentric on LHS Tisaiyanvillai Widening Realignment Impact No direct impact No direct impact DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-85 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage 28.500 28.800 Structure ID No Vinayagar Santhi Amman Temple Temple Village Name Bala Bala Sithivanagar Sithivanagar Side (Left/Right) RHS RHS Distance from 4.5m 3.5m ECL (m) Length (m)x 12x10m 5x5m Breadth (m) Proposed Tisaiyanvillai Tisaiyanvillai Widening Realignment Realignment Impact No direct impact No direct impact Chainage 29.400 29.510 Structure ID No Shri Soran Vinayagar Mutharamman Temple Temple Village Name Bala Appuvilai Sithivanagar Side (Left/Right) RHS RHS Distance from 5.5m Photo Not Available 12m ECL (m) Photo Not Available Length (m)x 20x9m 20x12m Breadth (m) Proposed Tisaiyanvillai Tisaiyanvillai Widening Realignment Realignment Impact No direct impact No direct impact Chainage 29.600 31.900 Structure ID No Shri. Selva Church Vinayagar Temple Village Name Appuvilai Vijayanagaram Side (Left/Right) RHS LHS Distance from 5-6m Photo Not Available 6m ECL (m) Photo Not Available Length (m)x 40x15m 15x20m Breadth (m) Proposed Tisaiyanvillai Concentric Widening Realignment Impact No direct impact Compund wall impacted DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-86 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 There are 50 cultural properties existing along the project road (Refer Table 4-30-List of temples along SH41 project road section). The list of identified impacted cultural properties along the road is provided in the Table 7.36. Table 7-35: List of impacted sensitive community structures along Rajapalayam- Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH41 S.No Chainage Description Category Locaton 1 5+460 Church Church RHS 2 6+800 Isaki Amman Kovil Temple RHS 3 7+000 Udai Pahi Kovil Temple RHS 4 8+180 Adaikalam Katha Ayyanal Kovil Temple RHS 5 11+900 Sri Vandima Kalimman Kovil(Aasilapuram Temple LHS 6 7+000 Temple Temple RHS 7 7+320 Temple Temple RHS 8 13+200 Vinaiger Temple Temple RHS 9 14+410 Vinaiger Temple Temple RHS 10 20+150 Muthallamman Kovil Temple LHS 11 20+220 Raja Ganapathi Kovil Temple LHS 12 20+280 Karupu Samy Kovil Temple LHS 13 20+400 Karupu Samy Kovil Temple LHS 14 24+980 Temple Temple LHS 15 25+580 Kovil Temple LHS 16 19+850 Vinaiger Temple Temple RHS 17 20+340 Vinaiger Temple Temple RHS 18 20+580 Vinaiger Temple Temple RHS 19 21+800 Vinaiger Temple Temple RHS 20 70+800 Vinaiger Temple Temple RHS 21 72+200 Amman Temple Temple RHS 22 74+780 Temple Temple RHS 23 74+860 Temple Temple RHS 24 76+420 Temple Temple RHS 25 78+860 Temple Temple LHS Source: SIA Report of Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH41 Besides direct impact, there are many possible indirect impacts due to construction activities, as follows.  Access to religious places would be difficult during the construction period due to the DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-87 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 presence of working areas, consequent traffic management issues, presence of heavy equipment, machineries and numerous workers and controlled sign boards.  Many existing signs boards and information boards will be removed for the construction work. This will make it more complicated for identifying the pilgrimage location, routes and landmarks.  Safety issues and accidents could go high during the construction period. 7.9.11 Bus Shelter, Bus Bays, Truck Lay Byes, Resting Place There is no existing truck lay bye and rest area along project roads. Impacted bus shelters will be considered in utility shifting. 7.9.12 OTHER COMMUNITY UTILITY PROPERTIES Besides cultural/religious properties, few community utility properties exist within the Corridor of Impact. The table below presents the details of existing features. Table 7-36 : List of other Community Utility Properties along project roads Along SH44 -Naduvapatti - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram Road (Km 22/400 to Km 56/100) Chainage 55.000 54.650 Structure ID MahaKaviSubramania Sub Registrar No bharathiar Memorial Hall Office and Park Village Name Ettayapuram Ettayapuram Side L L (Left/Right) Distance 5-7m 10-11m from ECL(m) Length (m)x 50x70 40x35 Breadth(m) Proposed Concentric Concentric Widening Impact No direct Impact No direct Impact Along SH89- Nanguneri - Bharatavaram -Ovari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200) Chainage 0.200 Structure ID Old Age Home, No Arsan Rural Development Society Village Name Naguneri Side RHS (Left/Right) Distance 12m from ECL(m) Length(m) L- 60m Proposed Concentric DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-88 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Widening Impact No direct impact Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 Chainage 5.300 21.800 Structure ID No Ambedkar Statue Panchayat Office Village Name Mudhukudi Kuvalaikanni Side (Left/Right) RHS LHS Distance from ECL (m) 5m 8m Proposed Widening Concentric Eccentric on RHS Impact Direct Impact Direct Impact DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7-89 CHAPTER 8 IMPACT MITIGATION AND ENHANCEMENT HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 8 IMPACT MITIGATION AND ENHANCEMENT 8.1 MITIGATION, AVOIDANCE AND ENHANCEMENT Prevention or avoidance of impact is better than mitigation of impact. Hence avoidance and reduction of adverse impacts approaches were adopted during the design stage through continued interaction between the design and environmental teams. This is reflected in the designs of the horizontal & vertical alignment, cross sections adopted, construction methods and construction materials. In-depth site investigations have been carried out so that sensitive environmental resources are effectively avoided, leading to the environmentally best-fit alignment option. As a result many of the trees, cultural properties, water bodies etc. have been avoided at the design stage itself, as presented as follows. Table 8-1: Environmental features saved through Avoidance measure at design stage along project roads Saved Saved Saved Under Under Under Potential through Potential through Potential through Direct Direct Direct Impact alignment Impact alignment Impact alignment Impact Impact Impact design design design Environmental Features Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – SH44-Naduvapatti - Kovilpatti - SH89-Nanguneri - Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 Ettayapuram Road (Km 22/500 Bharatavaram -Ovari Road (Km and km 33/800 to km 82/800), to Km 56/700) 0/000 to Km 35/200) Section of SH41 Trees (nos.)>30cm 1190 773 6829 3923 2249 girth size Surface 12 (partial 8 2 6 10 2 8 27 15 Water source impact) Ground 20 8 12 34 18 16 41 41 0 Water source Schools and 22 1 21 15 0 15 10 0 10 Hospitals Sensitive Community 18 3 15 30 7 23 50 25 25 Properties Other community 2 0 2 1 0 1 2 2 0 structures 8.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT – MITIGATION Motor vehicles have emerged as one of the major sources of air pollution especially in urban areas. Due to the proposed road improvements aimed at enhancing the efficiency of road transport system the number of vehicles on these roads will be increased over time. Summary of potential impact and mitigation measures proposed is mentioned below: Sr. Item Impact Impact (Reason) Mitigation/Enhancement No. 1 Meteorological Marginal Due to production and  Avenue plantation factors and impact laying of hot bituminous  Plantation in realignment sections climate mix. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Sr. Item Impact Impact (Reason) Mitigation/Enhancement No. 2a Air quality - Temporary  shifting of utilities,  Sprinkling of Water emissions and location  removal of trees &  Fine materials to be completely specific vegetation, covered, during transport & Pre-construction  transportation of stocking. stage (Dust material  Plant to be installed in downwind Generation)  installation of direction from nearby settlement. construction plants 2b Air quality - Moderate  clearing and grubbing  Air pollution Norms will be enforced, emissions impact  materials dumping  Laborers will be provided mask.  brushing of the  Local people will be educated on Construction (Gaseous surface safety and precaution on access Stage pollutants &  access roads to roads, newly constructed Dust borrow-areas embankment etc. generation)  hot mix plants, Crushers  paving of asphalt layers  Labour Camps 2c Air quality - Moderate  air pollutants from  compliance with future statuary emissions impact traffic regulatory requirements  dust emission from  auto-technology, vehicular fuel Operation Stage (Gaseous tyres quality- improvement pollutants) 3 Air quality - -- Effectiveness / shortfall  Measures will be revised & monitoring (if any) improved to mitigate/ enhance Any unforeseen impact. environment due to any unforeseen impact. Emissions from the vehicles are potentially disastrous. But, it must be emphasized that the air pollution from vehicle emission will reduce on completion, as one of the objectives of the design is enhancement of facility to cater traffic requirement. 8.2.1 Meteorological Factors and Climate - mitigation As indicated in previous chapter, there will not be any micro-climatic effect/impact due to increased traffic emission on the project road during construction and operation phase, if any minor impact do exists due to widening will be counter by compensatory and avenue plantation. 8.2.2 Air Quality Emissions – mitigation Pre-construction Stage: As indicated in previous chapter, the dust generation due to pre- construction activities is temporary and localized, and will be efficiently countered by sprinkling of water. Construction Stage: During the construction stage, there are two major sources: the first one DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 is construction activities at working zones, which cause primarily dust emission and second are from operation of the construction plant, equipments and machinery, which causes gaseous pollutants. The specific measures include:  Locating Plant at a significant distance from nearest human settlement in the predominant down wind direction.  Vehicles delivering fine materials like soil and fine aggregates shall be covered to reduce spills on existing roads.  Water will be sprayed on earthworks, temporary haulage and diversions on a regular basis.  Batch type hot mix plants fitted with the bag filter / cyclone and scrubber will be installed for the reduction of the air pollution.  Pollution control systems like water sprinkling and dust extractors and cover on conveyors will be installed for the crushers.  All vehicles, equipment and machinery used for construction will be regularly maintained to ensure that the emission levels conform to the SPCB/CPCB norms.  Air pollution monitoring plan has been delineated for construction phase separately for checking the effectiveness of the mitigation measures adopted during the construction phase of the contract. Operation Stage: As indicated in previous chapter, the air pollutant will be from vehicular movement on road and dust emission by tyres. As such the nation and international bodies are quite active in controlling the air pollution through emission limit, auto technology and fuel quality which will counter the increase in air pollution due to increase in traffic during operation phase. Also, as per air modeling of CO, it is concluded that the concentration of CO will remain within permissible CPCB limits along the project roads for projected traffic in future design years till 2040. Additional measures/proposed are below:  Pollution resistant species, which can grow in high pollutant concentrations or even absorb pollutants, can be planted along the roadside.  Monitoring of air pollution levels at sensitive locations shall be carried out all through the operation stage to check that the pollution levels are within standards prescribed by CPCB. A monitoring plan to this effect has been prepared for all roads separately and is presented in the individual EMPs.  Other measures such as the reduction of vehicular emissions, ensuring vehicular maintenance and up-keep, educating drivers about driving behavior / methods that will reduce emissions are beyond the scope of the Project but will be far more effective in reducing the pollutant levels. 8.2.3 Air Quality Monitoring - mitigation Apart from provision of the mitigation measures, their effectiveness and further improvement in designs to reduce the air pollution with increase in traffic shall be monitored. The monitoring plan shall be functional in construction as well as in operation stages. The frequency, duration and responsibility will be as per the Appendix 8.1: Guidelines for Environmental Monitoring. For location refer Table 1.2: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations. National Ambient Air Quality Standards are given in Appendix 4.2a. Any value/result not within acceptable limits will be reported to engineer, for remedial measures. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-3 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 8.3 LAND ENVIRONMENT- MITIGATION MEASURES Land Acquisition, soil erosion and contamination of soil have emerged as major sources of land impact especially in urban areas and near by watercourses. Due to the proposed road improvements aimed at enhancing the efficiency of road transport system, which will result in economic gROWth in the region over time. Sr.No. Item Impact Impact (Reason) Mitigation/Enhancement 1 Change in Marginal Due to embankment Embankment raising to relieve water Topography impact raising. logging. 2 Change in Direct , long Extraction of materials No blasting is envisaged. Quarry Geology term, negative (borrow earth, coarse & redevelopment plan need to be impact fine aggregates). enforced 3 Change in No Negative Cross drainage structures are Seismology Impact checked and complied with the seismological settings of the region. (Zone) 4 Change in Land environment a Loss of land Direct, long- Land Acquisition Land acquisition to be minimized term negative Change in land use impact pattern b Generation of Negative May contaminate air, Proper disposal of debris to avoid Debris Impact water and land, if not contamination disposed properly. c Soil Erosion Moderate, Road slopes and spoils Embankment protection: direct, long- For Embankment height >3m Stone term negative Construction of new pitching, Embankment height<3m impact bridges and culverts Turfing. Quarry and Borrow Residual spoil need to be disposed areas properly. Silt Fencing need to be provided. Quarries need to be reclaimed 5 Contamination Direct, long Scarified bitumen Hazardous Wastes (Management, of Soil term negative wastes Handling and Trans boundary impact Movement) Rules, 2008 to be Oil & diesel spills enforced. Emulsion sprayer and laying of hot mix plant, Oil Interceptor will be provided for production of hot mix accidental spill of oil and diesel. and rejected materials DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-4 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Sr.No. Item Impact Impact (Reason) Mitigation/Enhancement Residential facilities for Rejected material will be layed on the labor and officers village roads or as directed by engineer. Routine and periodical maintenance Septic tank will be construction for waste disposal. 6 Soil quality - Effectiveness / shortfall Measures will be revised & improved monitoring (if any) to mitigate/ enhance environment due Any unforeseen impact to any unforeseen impact. The implications of accidental discharge are potentially disastrous. But, it must be emphasized that the probability of such an accident is quite low, as one of the objectives of the design is the enhancement of road safety. 8.3.1 Change in Topography – mitigation As indicated in previous chapter, there is not much change in the embankment of the project road (refer Table 2.29 Embankment raising sections) hence no appreciable change in topography. Pavement height will be raised only to accommodate structural layers over the existing pavement. The raising due to submergence and profile improvement are positive impacts on the local environment. The raised sections are located away from habitations. Adequate measures have been taken so that the raising if any in settlement areas should be minimum possible and in no case exceed 0.5 m. 8.3.2 Change in Geology- mitigation As part of the Project preparation, the sources of quarries for the fine and coarse aggregates have been identified for use in road works and structural works, details of the quarries have been presented in Chapter 4 Baseline Environment. No new quarry has been proposed for the Project requirements. Only existing, live, licensed quarries will be used as sources of coarse and fine aggregates. It will be ensured that the aggregates procured during construction stage will be from the authorized or licensed suppliers only. In case of use of any new quarry by contractor, the instructions/procedure as detailed in Appendix 8.2: Guidelines for Aggregate Quarry Management will be applicable. Selected soil borrow areas have been identified during the design stage of the Project. Most of these borrow areas are local borrow areas, and agricultural fields not in productive use, and where farmers want to lower the level of the land (reduction of energy requirement for the watering and reduce loss of water, nutrients, and fertilizer through the seepage). The borrow areas lead charts for project roads are given in Chapter 4 Baseline Environment. In case of taking earth from any of these borrow areas the instructions / procedure as detailed in Appendix 8.3: Guidelines for Borrow Area Management, will be applicable. 8.3.3 Change in Seismology – mitigation As indicated in previous chapter, there will be no impact on the seismological setting of the region. Rather, as part of the project all the existing structures will be checked and constructed DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-5 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 as per the seismological requirements of the region in conformity to the IRC 6, 2000 guidelines. Refer Fig 7.5 & 7.6 Seismology map of India and Tamil Nadu respectively. 8.3.4 Change in Land Environment – Mitigation Loss of Land: As far as possible the land acquisition has been kept to the minimum, by restricting the geometric improvement within the existing right of way. The same can be seen as only 2.020, 7.256 and 4.692 hectare land is required for upgradation of Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44, Nanguneri – Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 and Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41 respectively. However the land acquisition will be done at sections having width, insufficient to accommodate the approved cross-sections & geometric improvements. For Land acquisition sections refer table 7.4 Land Acquisition Details. Debris Generation: Due to the removal of structures (Residential and commercial), pavement scarification and cross drainage structures lot of debris will generate, which need to be disposed properly to avoid contamination of land and water. For safe and environmental friendly disposal of waste debris the instruction/procedure specified in Appendix 8.4: Guideline for Debris Disposal Sites, will be applicable. Soil Erosion: soil erosion could cause sever negative impact if not dealt with, in time, as this harms the environment in two ways, firstly it erodes the top soil and secondly it spoils the resource where it settles, mostly water course. Hence soil erosion cause loss of top-soil and contamination of water bodies/sources/channels. A comprehensive instruction/procedure is prepared in Appendix 8.5: Guidelines for Site Clearance and Tree Felling d) Road slopes and spoils Adequate measures have been devised for control of the soil erosion from the embankments, the slopes have been restricted to 1 vertical: 2 horizontal for most of the sections. Soil erosion through embankments is prevented and controlled by following methods. Alternative 1. Grassing of slopes: (for embankment heigth < 3.0m). For this purpose it is best to use locally growing grasses and bushes, as these are best adapted to the local soil, temperature and rainfall conditions. Plantation is best done just after the first pre-monsoon showers, which gives a time of 2-3 weeks for the grass to take root before the onset of monsoon. Normally, no watering of the grassed slopes is done following the planting. However, watering of the slopes may be provided if the planting is done in the non-monsoon season, or to respond to dry conditions following planting. The above methods of providing vegetation cover on embankment slopes follow provisions in IRC-56-1974, “Recommended Practice for Treatment of Embankment Slopes for Erosion Control”. Alternative 2. Use of Pitching to Control Erosion: (for embankment heigth >= 3.0m). Stones or bricks are hand laid on the surface and lightly tamped. The interstices between the stones are filled up with soil. Grasses may be dibbled into the soil filled spaces. As the grass grows, it develops a good binding effect on the pitching. List of stone pitching sections is provided in DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-6 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 previous chapter. e) Construction of new bridges and culverts Contractor will be responsible of removing all the debris/ earth generated due to dismantling of existing structure and excavation of the foundation of cross drainage works, from the water course before the onset of monsoon. f) Quarries and borrow areas A comprehensive management plan for restoring of quarry and borrow area is prepared. Refer Appendix 8.2: Guidelines for Aggregate Quarry Management & Appendix 8.3: Guidelines for Borrow Area Management. Prior to the start of the relevant construction, the contractor shall submit to the Engineer for approval, his schedules for carrying out temporary and permanent erosion/sedimentation control works as are applicable for the items of clearing and grubbing, roadway and drainage excavation, embankment/sub-grade construction, bridges and other structures across water courses, pavement courses and shoulders. He shall also submit for approval his proposed method of erosion/sedimentation control on service road and borrow pits and his plan for disposal of waste materials. No construction activity will start prior to approval by engineer, of the measures and method to be adopted by contractor. 8.3.5 Contamination of soil: Mitigation Contamination of soil can spoil the soil and can also contaminate the surface as well as ground water sources. Details of the activities from which the contamination can occur are presented below: Potential Impact Mitigation/Enhancement Hazardous material will be stored according to Environment, Helath and Safety guidelines to avoid soil contamination. EHS Storage of hazardous material guidelines will include proper measures to manage solvents and chemicals including disposals Scarified bitumen wastes, Excess Scarified waste and excess/rejected hot mix, with the consent production of hot mix and rejected of village authority, will be used in village roads construction. materials. A comprehensive list of instructions/procedures has been Debris generated from dismantling of suggested in Appendix 8.4: Guideline for Debris Disposal structures. Sites, for contractor to adhere to for safe and environmental friendly disposal of debris. Maintenance of the machinery and operation of the diesel generator sets on site The base of all machinery, generators will be paved and all the Oil Spill from the operation of the waste/spill will be drained to oil interceptor before discharging. diesel pumps and diesel storage, Figure of oil interceptor is presented in drawing no. 8.1. during transportation and transfer, parking places, and diesel generator sets DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-7 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Potential Impact Mitigation/Enhancement Operation of the emulsion sprayer Proper demarcation of the surface to be sprayed /paved will be and laying of hot mix done to minimize the excessive spread of emulsion/hot mix. The residential facilities will be provided with proper sanitation, Operation of the residential facilities and planed setup of construction camp. A comprehensive plan for the labour and officers of construction camp is prepared in Appendix 8.6: Guideline for Siting & Layout of Construction Camp The base of bitumen/emulsion stock yard will be paved and all Storage and stock yards of bitumen the waste/spill will be drained to oil interceptor before and emulsion discharging. Figure of oil interceptor is presented below Oil interceptor: Oil and grease from polluting run-off is another major concern. During construction, discharge of Oil and Grease is most likely from work shops, oil and waste oil storage areas, diesel oil pumps, vehicle parking areas from the construction camps. Vehicle/machinery and equipment maintenance and refuelling will be carried out so that spillage of fuels and lubricants do not contaminate the soil. The source is well defined and restricted. An “oil interceptor” will be provided for wash down and refuelling areas. Fuel storage will be in proper bunded areas. All spills and collected petroleum products will be disposed off in accordance with MoEF & CC and SPCB guidelines. Fuel storage and fuelling areas will be located at least 300m away from all cross drainage structures and significant water bodies. Drawing 8.1 provides the details of the arrangement for the oil interceptor for the removal of oil and grease. SLUDGE & GREASE SEPARATOR. VENT PIPE FOR 100mm THK. RCC SLAB FILTER BED OF BRICK BATS & PABLES OIL & GREASE WITH MAN HOLE COVER PVC PIPE FOR DRAINAGE FROM TRUCK & OF OIL AND GREASE 10cm DIA BUS BAY DRAIN COLLECTION PIT (2X2X1 mtrs) OIL & GREASE BRICK BATS WITH COARSE AGGREGATES OF PABLES (4X3X3 mtrs) COARSE SAND, CHARCOAL & BRICK BATS IN SOAKPIT FOR GROUND WATER RECHARGE (4X2X2 mtrs) VENT PIPE FOR SURPLUS WATER WATER TO SOAK PIT SECTION OF OIL INTERCEPTOR OVER FLOW DRAIN COLLECTION PIT FOR OIL AND GREASE (2X2X1 mtrs) 600mm DIA BRICK BATS WITH MAN-HOLE COVER COARSE AGGREGATES OF PABLES FILTER BED COARSE SAND, CHARCOAL & BRICK BATS IN SOAKPIT FOR GROUND WATER RECHARGE PLAN OF OIL INTERCEPTOR DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-8 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Drawing No. 8.1: Conceptual plan of Oil Interceptor 8.3.6 Soil Quality Monitoring – mitigation Apart from provision of the mitigation measures, their effectiveness and further improvement in designs to reduce the concentration of pollutants in the soil due to construction activity shall be monitored, as contamination of soil is directly linked with contamination of water. The monitoring plan shall be functional in construction as well as in operation stages. The frequency, duration and responsibility will be as per the Appendix 8.1: Guidelines for Environmental Monitoring Program. For location refer Table 1.2: Soil Quality Monitoring Locations. 8.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT-MITIGATION MEASURES Due to the proposed project there will be some direct and indirect long term impacts on the water resources. Table below presents the major adverse impacts on the water resources and the mitigation measures taken. Sr.No. Item Impact Impact (Reason) Mitigation/Enhancement Land acquisition to be minimized with Loss of water Part or complete provision of Retaining walls. Major, direct 1 Bodies acquisition of source of Provision of pond wall impact water Relocation of ground/surface water sources. Minor bridge over Widening of minor bridges and Alteration of Very Low existing causeway. bridging of existing causeways, will 2 Cross Drainage Impact Widening of minor lead to improvement in the drainage bridges and culverts. characteristics of the project area Siltation of water Silt fencing to be provided. bodies Recharge well to be provided to Reduction in ground compensate the loss of pervious Runoff and Direct 3 recharge. surface. drainage Impact Drain is provided in identifies Increased drainage sections, unlined in rural area and discharge lined in urban areas. Water requirement for Contractor needs to obtain approvals Water construction activity. for taking adequate quantities of Direct 4 requirement for water from surface and ground water Impact project Water requirement of sources. This is required to avoid labour. depletion of water resources 5 Water Quality Increased sediment Silt fencing to be provided. Increased Direct laden run-off a sedimentation impact alter the nature & Instructions given in Appendix 8.7: capacity of the Soil Erosion and Sedimentation DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-9 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Sr.No. Item Impact Impact (Reason) Mitigation/Enhancement watercourse Control  Scarified bitumen Hazardous Wastes (Management, wastes Handling and Transboundary  Oil & diesel Spills Movement) Rules, 2008 to be  Emulsion sprayer enforced. and laying of hot mix  Production of hot mix Oil Interceptor will be provided for Contamination of Direct and rejected accidental spill of oil and diesel. b Water adverse materials impact  Residential facilities Rejected material will be layed in for the labor and village roads or as directed by officers engineer.  Routine and periodical Septic tank will be construction for maintenance waste disposal. Effectiveness / shortfall Measures will be revised & improved Water quality - 6 (if any) to mitigate/ enhance environment monitoring Any unforeseen impact due to any unforeseen impact. The implications of accidental discharge are potentially disastrous. But, it must be emphasized that the probability of such an accident is quite low, as one of the objectives of the design is the enhancement of road safety. 8.4.1 Loss of Water Bodies-Mitigation 8.4.2 Surface Water Bodies SH44-Naduvapatti - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram Road (Km 22/500 to Km 56/1700): Ten Surface water bodies are present along the corridor, 9 no.s ponds and 1 check dam. (Refer table 8.2) SH89- Nanguneri - Bharatavaram -Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200): Fourteen surface water bodies are present along the corridor,6 nos. ponds and 7 nos. check dams. (Refer table 8.2) There are 17 nos. of check dams and 10 nos. of ponds along Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil- Tirunelveli section of SH41. Mitigation/enhancement measures for surface water bodies are proposed in Table 8.2. Mitigation/enhancement measures for surface water bodies are proposed in Table 8.2. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-10 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Table 8-2: Surface Water Bodies-Mitigation Distance S. Type of Water Impacted/No Mitigation Ch.(km) LHS/ RHS from CL No. Body Impact /Enhancement (m) Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 Provision of 1 22.500 LHS Pond 5.4 Partially Impacted retaining wall 2 24.350 RHS Pond 10-12 No Direct Impact Earthen wall Enhancement =5-6m measure proposed 3 24.650 RHS Pond Partially Impacted Stone (Ref Drawing no. 1 wall=7.5m of Appendix 8.8) 9-10m (upper catchment Pond with stone area 4 27.220 LHS No Direct Impact wall 25m (lower/ core area with stone wall Drain and Check 5 35.000 LHS 6-20 No Direct Impact Dam 6 42.400 LHS Pond 20 No Direct Impact It‟s a very old pond with stone wall. Pond with stone 7 54.500 RHS 8-10 Enhancement wall No Direct Impact measure proposed (Ref Drawing no.2 of Appendix 8.8) 8 55.270 RHS Pond 25 No Direct Impact No Direct Impact (saved by curve 9 55.300 LHS Pond 6-7 improvement and realignment) No Direct Impact (saved by 10 55.740 RHS Pond 8-10 reduction in curve radius) Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Pond on rocky 1 0.350 LHS 8.0 No Direct Impact surface 2 1.100 RHS Pond 40 No Direct Impact 3 1.300 LHS Check Bund Wall is No Direct Impact DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-11 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Distance S. Type of Water Impacted/No Mitigation Ch.(km) LHS/ RHS from CL No. Body Impact /Enhancement (m) dam\Bund 5-7m from (saved through centreline RHS widening) Water Pond on 4 1.500 RHS 15-20 No Direct Impact Rocky Pit Rehabilitation of damaged bund Small earthen wall 5 2.650 RHS Check 5-30 Partially Impacted Provision of dam\Bund Retaining Wall Safety provisions along bund Check dam 6 5.000 LHS 200 No Direct Impact \Bund Check dam No Direct Impact 7 8.400 RHS 10-30 \Bund Check dam Adjoining on No Direct Impact 8 9.3 Both sides \Bund both side 9 13.00 LHS Coffer dam 50-60 No Direct Impact No Direct Impact Enhancement measure proposed 10 15.00 LHS Pond 8.2 (Ref Drawing no. 4 of Appendix 8.8) 11 16.580 LHS Pond and Drain 12 No Direct Impact 10-12m and RHS and 12 21.750 Canal crossing at No Direct Impact crossing 22.800 Provision of 13 23.400 LHS Pond 8-9 Partially Impacted retaining wall No Direct Impact Check (Saved by 14 24.450 RHS 7-8 dam\Bund realignment on LHS) Rajapalayam Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 Earthen Check 1. 3.00 LHS 15-20 No Impact Dam Enhancement measure proposed 2. 4.98 LHS Pond 7 No Impact (Ref Drawing no. 5 of Appendix 8.8) Earthen Check 3. 7.00 LHS 9-12 No Impact Dam 4. 8.050 Both side Chozhapuram RHS-along Siltation DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-12 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Distance S. Type of Water Impacted/No Mitigation Ch.(km) LHS/ RHS from CL No. Body Impact /Enhancement (m) & river and Check the Bridge crossing dam on RHS LHS-along the Bridge approach Directly Impacted Enhancement Siltation and measure proposed 5. 11.250 LHS Pond 5-6 Encroachment of (Ref Drawing no. 6 catchment area of Appendix 8.8) Directly Impacted Damage to Bund 6. 13.550 RHS Check Dam 5-9 wall at few locations Not impacted due Along the 7. 17.00 RHS Check Dam to radius road improvement Damage to Bund 8. 17.250 RHS Check Dam 8-20 wall at few locations LHS and Nala and Check 6-50 Siltation during 9. 20.600 Crossing Dam/Pond construction Pond with stone 10. 23.100 RHS 20 No Impact stairs 11. 23.700 RHS Pond 20 No Impact Enhancement Pond with Pond wall measure proposed 12. 24.380 LHS cement 8-9 impacted (Ref Drawing no.7 concrete wall of Appendix 8.8) Directly Impacted 13. 25.600 LHS Pond 5-6 Pond wall damage Directly Impacted Along the Encroachment of 14. 26.200 Both side Check Dam road catchment area, bund wall damage Impact on bund wall from km 15. 33.800 RHS Check Dam 15-20 34.520 to km 34.570 16. 40.200 RHS Check Dam 30-50 No Impact Enhancement Directly Impacted measure proposed 17. 42.200 RHS Pond 6-7 (earthern wall) (Ref Drawing no. 8 of Appendix 8.8) DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-13 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Distance S. Type of Water Impacted/No Mitigation Ch.(km) LHS/ RHS from CL No. Body Impact /Enhancement (m) 18. 44.00 LHS Check Dam 15-30 No Impact Directly Impacted Pond/Check Encroachment of 19. 53.400 RHS 5-10 Dam catchment area Siltation Directly Impacted 20. 53.570 LHS Check Dam 5-25 Damage to bund wall (15m) No Impact 21. 60.400 LHS Pond 25-30 (check, not shown in design) Directly Impacted Check Dam with 22. 61.700 RHS 5-100 Damage to bund channels wall (5m) RHS and Check Dam with cross to steel 23. 62.400 40-60 No Impact LHS channels/doors Pond in rock 24. 66.400 LHS 15-20 No Impact trench Pond in rock 25. 69.000 RHS 25-30 No Impact trench Directly Impacted 26. 69.600 RHS Check Dam 6-8 Damage to bund wall (5m) 27. 79.600 RHS Check Dam 15-20 No Impact 8.4.3 Ground water resources Loss of other water supply sources includes; removal of private and community ground water sources like bore wells, tube wells and open wells. These losses have been covered under the utility relocation process in the pre-construction phase of the EMAP. Compensatory water supply sources will be set up before the start of construction activities. Table 8-3: Ground water Sources along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram - Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44-Mitigation/Enhancement Distance Mitigation/Enhancement Chainage Side CPR Village from CL Impact (Km) (m) Hand Direct Will be relocated to the 28.25 RHS Parapatti 9.1 Pump Impact nearest place DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-14 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Distance Mitigation/Enhancement Chainage Side CPR Village from CL Impact (Km) (m) Drain and soak pit as per Drawing 8.2A No Drain and soak pit as per Hand 31.03 LHS Ilaiyarasanendal 8.2 Direct Drawing 8.2A Pump Impact No Drain and soak pit as per Hand 40.85 LHS Kovilpatti 4.5 Direct Drawing 8.2A Pump Impact Direct Will be relocated to the Hand Impact nearest place 41.60 LHS Kovilpatti 7 Pump Drain and soak pit as per Drawing 8.2A Direct Will be relocated to the Hand Impact nearest place 42.12 RHS Kovilpatti 7.5 Pump Drain and soak pit as per Drawing 8.2A No Drain and soak pit as per Hand 44.65 RHS Kovilpatti 10 Direct Drawing 8.2A Pump Impact Will be relocated to the 91.8 of Hand Direct nearest place RHS Ettayapuram 7.5 SH32 Pump Impact Drain and soak pit as per Drawing 8.2A No Drain and soak pit as per Hand 55.50 RHS Ettayapuram 10 Direct Drawing 8.2A Pump Impact No Drain and soak pit as per Hand 55.90 RHS Ettayapuram 10 Direct Drawing 8.2A Pump Impact No Open Direct Drain and soak pit as per 24.85 RHS Well Naduvapatti 9.5 Impact Drawing 8.2B Open Will be relocated to the Well(wi nearest place th Drain and soak pit as per bounda Direct Drawing 8.2B 25.15 LHS ry) Naduvapatti 5 Impact No Drain and soak pit as per Open Direct Drawing 8.2B 26.10 LHS Well Naduvapatti 10.2 Impact No Drain and soak pit as per Open Direct Drawing 8.2B 26.70 LHS Well Naduvapatti 10 Impact DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-15 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Distance Mitigation/Enhancement Chainage Side CPR Village from CL Impact (Km) (m) Will be relocated to the nearest place Drain and soak pit as per Open Direct Drawing 8.2B 26.70 RHS Well Naduvapatti 15 Impact Will be relocated to the nearest place Drain and soak pit as per Open Direct Drawing 8.2B 27.58 LHS Well Parapatti 6 Impact No Drain and soak pit as per Open Direct Drawing 8.2B 27.80 RHS Well Parapatti 13 Impact No Drain and soak pit as per Open Direct Drawing 8.2B 29.00 RHS Well Parapatti 13.1 Impact No Drain and soak pit as per Open Direct Drawing 8.2B 29.50 LHS Well Parapatti 10 Impact No Drain and soak pit as per Open Venkadasalapura Direct Drawing 8.2B 34.80 LHS Well m 11.7 Impact No Open Direct Drain and soak pit as per 40.18 RHS Well Kovilpatti 7.8 Impact Drawing 8.2B No Open Direct Drain and soak pit as per 44.50 RHS Well Kovilpatti 13 Impact Drawing 8.2B No Open Direct Drain and soak pit as per 51.84 RHS Well Kumaragiri 9.5 Impact Drawing 8.2B Open No Well Direct Drain and soak pit as per 54.50 LHS Tank Ilambuvanam 8.3 Impact Drawing 8.2B Tubew No ell with Direct 26.30 LHS Shelter Naduvapatti 8.6 Impact No Tubew Direct 37.40 RHS ell Puthuapaneri 13 Impact TWT No +Tube Direct 24.85 RHS well Naduvapatti 27.5 Impact DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-16 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Distance Mitigation/Enhancement Chainage Side CPR Village from CL Impact (Km) (m) TWT Will be relocated to the +Tube Direct nearest place 25.17 LHS well Naduvapatti 12.13 Impact TWT No +Tube Direct 28.25 RHS well Parapatti 8.2 Impact TWT No +Tube Direct 31.03 RHS well Ilaiyarasanendal 13.5 Impact TWT+ No Tubew Direct 36.55 LHS ell Puthuapaneri 8.5 Impact No Direct 31.02 RHS TWT Ilaiyarasanendal 12.5 Impact 49.80 RHS TWT kovilpatti 4 Table 8-4: Ground water Sources along SH89- Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200) - Mitigation/Enhancement Distance Chainage Mitigation/Enhancem Side CPR Village from CL Impact (Km) ent (m) No Direct Drain and soak pit as 2.710 LHS Hand Pump EraippOvari 13m Impact per Drawing 8.2B No Direct Drain and soak pit as 5.550 LHS Hand Pump Eamankulam 15m Impact per Drawing 8.2B Will be relocated to Direct the nearest place 5.790 LHS Hand Pump Eamankulam 8m Impact Drain and soak pit as per Drawing 8.2A No Direct Drain and soak pit as 6.010 LHS Hand Pump Eamankulam 11m Impact per Drawing 8.2A Subramaniya No Direct Drain and soak pit as 9.580 LHS Hand Pump 12m puram Impact per Drawing 8.2A Mannarpura No Direct Drain and soak pit as 19.300 RHS Hand Pump 14m m Impact per Drawing 8.2A Will be relocated to Direct the nearest place 33.600 LHS Hand Pump Idaiyangudi 8m Impact Drain and soak pit as per Drawing 8.2A Open Well No Direct 0.060 LHS and Water Naguneri 12m Impact Drain and soak pit as Tank per Drawing 8.2B No Direct 2.700 LHS Open Well EraippOvari 12m Impact Open Well No Direct Subramaniya 8.210 LHS and Over 14-15m Impact Drain and soak pit as puram Water Tank per Drawing 8.2B DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-17 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Distance Chainage Mitigation/Enhancem Side CPR Village from CL Impact (Km) ent (m) Subramaniya No Direct Drain and soak pit as 9.580 LHS Open Well 12-15m puram Impact per Drawing 8.2B Will be relocated to South the nearest place Direct 15.400 LHS Open well Vijaynarayan 7m Drain and soak pit as Impact am per Drawing 8.2B South No Direct Drain and soak pit as 16.440 RHS Open Well Vijaynarayan 9-10m Impact per Drawing 8.2B am South No Direct Drain and soak pit as 17.780 LHS Open Well Vijaynarayan 10-11m Impact per Drawing 8.2B am Kumaraapura No Direct Drain and soak pit as 25.100 LHS Open Well 11m m Impact per Drawing 8.2B Kumaraapura No Direct Drain and soak pit as 25.750 LHS Open Well 11.5m m Impact per Drawing 8.2B Drain and soak pit as 31.400 LHS Open Well Idaiyangudi 7.5m No Impact per Drawing 8.2B No Direct 0.035 RHS Tube Well Naguneri 9.5 Impact Tube well Will be relocated to Direct 2.200 LHS with Tap Thattankualm 5m the nearest place Impact Water Tank Tube well Will be relocated to Direct 2.760 LHS with Tap EraippOvari 7m the nearest place Impact Water Tank Tube well Will be relocated to Perumal Direct 3.680 LHS with Tap 7-8m the nearest place Nagar Impact Water Tank Tube well No Direct 5.550 LHS with Tap Eamankulam 9-10m Impact Water Tank Tube well Will be relocated to Direct 5.780 LHS with Tap Eamankulam 5.5m the nearest place Impact Water Tank Tube well Will be relocated to Subramaniya Direct 8.390 RHS with Tap 7-8m the nearest place puram Impact Water Tank Tube well No Direct Subramaniya 8.600 LHS with Tap 9-10m Impact puram Water Tank Tube well No Direct 10.580 RHS with Tap Elangulan 15m Impact Water Tank Tube well No Direct 11.400 LHS with Tap Elangulan 10-11m Impact Water Tank Tube well Will be relocated to Kamaraj Direct 12.190 LHS with Tap 7-8m the nearest place Nagar Impact Water Tank 12.400 RHS Tube well Vijaynarayan 10-12m No Direct DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-18 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Distance Chainage Mitigation/Enhancem Side CPR Village from CL Impact (Km) ent (m) with Tap am Impact Water Tank Tube well South Will be relocated to Direct 16.300 RHS with Tap Vijaynarayan 8-10m the nearest place Impact Water Tank am Tube well Direct Will be relocated to 34.000 LHS Ovary 5m and Chamber Impact the nearest place Tube well Direct Will be relocated to 34.400 LHS Ovary 4m and Chamber Impact the nearest place Tube well Direct Will be relocated to 34.580 LHS Ovary 4.5m and Chamber Impact the nearest place Will be relocated to Tube well Fully 34.650 LHS Ovary 4m the nearest place and Chamber Impacted Over Head No Direct 2.700 LHS Water Supply EraippOvari 13m Impact Tank Will be relocated to Tap Water Direct 5.300 LHS Eamankulam 8m the nearest place Tank Impact Will be relocated to Tap Water Direct 10.800 RHS Elangulan 7m the nearest place Tank Impact Tap Water Vijaynarayan No Direct 13.100 RHS 9-10m Tank am Impact South Direct Will be relocated to Open Water 14.650 RHS Vijaynarayan 5m Impact the nearest place Tank am South Direct Will be relocated to Tap Water 15.450 LHS Vijaynarayan 6.5m Impact the nearest place Tank am Over Head South No Direct 16.300 LHS Water Supply Vijaynarayan 10m Impact Tank am Over Head No Direct Kumaraapura 24.800 RHS Water Supply 11m Impact m Tank Over Head No Direct Kumaraapura 25.300 LHS Water Supply 12m Impact m Tank Over Head No Direct Bala 27.800 LHS Water Supply 7m Impact Sithivanagar Tank Water No Direct 29.500 RHS Supply Tank Appuvilai 5.5m Impact (PHED) Over Head No Direct 29.600 LHS Water Supply Appuvilai 11m Impact Tank Over Head No Direct 33.600 LHS Water Supply Idaiyangudi 11m Impact Tank DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-19 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Table 8-5: Ground water Sources along Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41- mitigation & Enhancement Mitigation or S.No Chainage Description Category Locaton Enhancement 1. 5+410 Hand Pump Hand Pump RHS Will be relocated to the 2. 17+390 Hand Pump Hand Pump LHS nearest place as per RAP 3. 18+060 Hand Pump Hand Pump RHS Drain and soak pit as per Drawing 8.2A 4. 18+080 Hand Pump Hand Pump RHS 5. 18+100 Hand Pump Hand Pump RHS 6. 21+570 Hand Pump Hand Pump RHS 7. 74+680 Hand Pump Hand Pump RHS 8. 73+880 Hand Pump Hand Pump LHS 9. 14+380 Borewell Point Borewell Point LHS Relocation as per RAP 10. 18+050 Open Bore Well Bore well RHS Relocation as per RAP Will be relocated to the nearest place as per RAP 11. 15+860 Open Well Open Well LHS Drain and soak pit as per Drawing 8.2B 12. 25+660 OHT TWAD OHT LHS Relocation as per RAP 13. 70+720 Water Tank(PWD) Water Tank RHS Relocation as per RAP 14. 74+760 Water Tank(PWD) Water Tank RHS Relocation as per RAP RHS Will be relocated to the (PWD)Open Bore nearest place as per RAP 15. 74+840 Well and Hand Open Well Drain and soak pit as per Pump Drawing 8.2B 16. 78+600 water tank(pwd) Water Tank RHS Will be relocated to the nearest place as per RAP 17. 74+580 open well Open Well LHS Drain and soak pit as per Drawing 8.2B 18. 16+290 TWAD Water Tap LHS Relocation as per RAP 19. 16+980 TWAD Water Tap LHS Relocation as per RAP 20. 17+030 TWAD Water Tap LHS Relocation as per RAP 21. 17+040 TWAD Water Tap LHS Relocation as per RAP 22. 17+290 TWAD Water Tap LHS Relocation as per RAP 23. 18+000 TWAD Water Tap LHS Relocation as per RAP 24. 18+060 TWAD Water Tap LHS Relocation as per RAP 25. 18+400 TWAD Water Tap LHS Relocation as per RAP 26. 23+890 TWAD Water Tap LHS Relocation as per RAP 27. 23+890 TWAD Water Tap LHS Relocation as per RAP 28. 24+600 TWAD Water Tap LHS Relocation as per RAP 29. 25+560 TWAD Water Tap LHS Relocation as per RAP DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-20 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Mitigation or S.No Chainage Description Category Locaton Enhancement 30. 25+920 TWAD Water Tap LHS Relocation as per RAP 31. 26+050 TWAD Water Tap LHS Relocation as per RAP 32. 26+220 TWAD Water Tap LHS Relocation as per RAP 33. 71+680 TWAD Water Tap LHS Relocation as per RAP 34. 72+280 TWAD Water Tap LHS Relocation as per RAP 35. 72+780 TWAD Water Tap LHS Relocation as per RAP 36. 72+980 TWAD Water Tap LHS Relocation as per RAP 37. 72+980 TWAD Water Tap LHS Relocation as per RAP 38. 73+550 TWAD Water Tap LHS Relocation as per RAP 39. 74+320 TWAD Water Tap LHS Relocation as per RAP 40. 79+890 TWAD Water Tap LHS Relocation as per RAP 41. 82+780 TWAD Water Tap LHS Relocation as per RAP Note: OHT: Over Head Tank: RAP Resettlement Action Plan Any source of community water (potable or otherwise) such as open wells, ponds, tube-wells and over head tanks, accidentally lost will be replaced immediately. The location and sitting of the replaced source of water will be as close as possible to the original source. The project road passes through over exploited region of Tamil Nadu, loss of water has sever impact, hence soak pits are provided for the waste water from the hand pump to recharge the ground water, which otherwise would have lost by evaporation. The typical layout of the soak pit is presented below in Drawing No. 8.2 A and Drawing No. 8.2 B. Drawing No. 8.2 A: Conceptual plan of Soak Pit for Hand Pump DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-21 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Drawing No. 8.2 B: Conceptual Plan of Soak Pit for Open Well 8.4.4 Alteration of cross drainage  Roadside drainage is designed for a 25-year return period of rainfall of appropriate duration as suggested in IRC: SP-42. The proposed roadside drainage arrangements are designed for efficient collection and disposal of storm water.A detailed hydrological study had been carried to calculate the design discharge.  Storm water from all longitudinal and cross drainage works will be connected to the natural drainage courses.  Diversions will be constructed during dry season, with adequate drainage facility, and will be completely removed before the onset of monsoon.  Debris generated due to the excavation of foundation or due to the dismantling of existing structure will be removed from the water course.  Silt fencing has to be provided on the mouth of discharge into natural ponds.  Side drains are provided on both sides of the road, obstruction if any to be removed immediately. 8.4.5 Runoff and drainage  Lined drain is provided at identified stretches in built-up locations for quick drainage.  Recharge pits are provided in urban stretches where pucca drain is proposed  Increased runoff due to increased impervious surface is countered through increased pervious surface area through soak pits proposed in built up areas.  The local bodies need to discourage /stop the filling of private water bodies, ponds etc to develop commercial places and shops due to the improved roads and improved connectivity DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-22 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 8.4.6 Water Requirement for Project Acquisition and management of water for construction is an issue that must be addressed by the contractor. The Contractor is expected to obtain water for construction purposes that is of a high water quality.  Contractor needs to obtain approvals for taking adequate quantities of water from surface and ground water sources. This is required to avoid depletion of water resources.  Contractor is required to minimise wastage of water.  Water conservation methods to be adopted during construction process to make optimum use of water. 8.4.7 Water Quality a) Increased sedimentation  Silt fencing will be provided along nearby water bodies (ponds and canal)  Desilting will be done for the existing ponds/water bodies along project roads  Desilting of the waste water will be ensured before the discharge of drain water into natural stream  Instructions given in Appendix 8.7: Guidelines for Sediment Control to be enforced SLOTS 100mm C/C SUPPORTING MESH ANGLE FRAME A 275.00 GEOTEXTILE MIRAFI 140 n OR SIMILAR APPROVED MAKE M.S. ANGLE (25mm X 25mm X 3mm) 275.00 G. L. G. L. 300.00 225.00 ELEVATION SECTION A-A GEOTEXTILE FIXED TO L AND T SECTIONS WITH BINDING WIRE GEOTEXTILE MIRAFI 140 N OR SIMILAR APPROAVED MAKE SUPPORTED ON MESH ANGLE (25mm X 25mm X 3mm) A M.S. ANGLE 275.00 275.00 (25mm X 25mm X 3mm) 622.00 A BINDING WIRE THROUGH SLOTS PLAN DETAIL A-A Drawing No. 8.3: Conceptual plan of silt fencing. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-23 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 b) Contamination of water.  Oil interceptor will be provided at plant site  Construction work close to the streams or water bodies will be avoided during monsoon.  The discharge standards promulgated under the Environmental Protection Act, 1986 will be strictly adhered to. All wastes arising from the project will be disposed off in a manner that is acceptable to the State Pollution Control Board (SPCB).  All relevant provisions of the Factories Act, 1948 and the Building and other Construction Workers (regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 will be adhered to.  Construction labourers‟ camps will be located at least 1000m away from the nearest habitation.  Unless otherwise authorised by the local sanitary authority, arrangements for proper disposal of excreta by incineration at the workplace suitably approved by the local medical health or municipal authorities will be made.  All approach roads to rivers and other surface water bodies need to be closed permanently to avoid vehicle washing and to avoid major pollution sources. This applicable to all areas including the secondary construction sites.  Automotive service centres will be discouraged from establishing along the corridors with out installing preventive measures against petroleum and oil contamination. 8.4.8 Water Quality Monitoring – mitigation Apart from provision of the mitigation measures, their effectiveness and further improvement in designs to reduce the concentration of pollutants in the soil due to construction activity shall be monitored, as contamination of soil is directly linked with contamination of water. The monitoring plan shall be functional in construction as well as in operation stages. The frequency, duration and responsibility will be as per the Appendix 8.1: Guidelines for Monitoring Program. For location refer Table 1.2: Ambient Water Quality Monitoring Locations. Standard/acceptable values are are given in Appendix 4.2b. Any value/result not within acceptable limits will be reported to engineer, for remedial measures. 8.5 NOISE ENVIRONMENT-MITIGATION MEASURES Environmental noise particularly highway traffic noise, is a complex phenomenon because its intensity and characteristics vary with time depending upon the frequency as well as type of vehicles on the road. Sr. No. Item Impact Impact (Reason) Mitigation/Enhancement  Area specific and for short Man, material & duration machinery movements Noise Pollution  Machinery to be checked & Direct (Pre- complied with noise pollution 1a impact, short Establishment of labor Construction regulations. duration camps onsite offices, Stage)  Camps to be setup away from the stock yards and settlements, in the down wind construction plants direction. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-24 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Sr. No. Item Impact Impact (Reason) Mitigation/Enhancement  Camps to be setup away from the stone crushing, asphalt settlements, in the down wind production plant and direction. Noise Pollution batching plants, diesel Marginal  Noise pollution regulation to be 1b (Construction generators etc Impact monitored and enforced. Stage)  Temporary as the work zones will Community residing near be changing with completion of to the work zones construction  2-3 ROWs of trees are recommended around such receptors which will act as Noise Pollution vegetative barrier. (Operation  Traffic calming devises to be Increase in noise 1c Stage) Direct impact used. pollution Sensitive  No Horn Zone sign Post. receptors  will be compensated with the uninterrupted movement of heavy and light vehicles till the facility reaches the level of service C. Effectiveness / shortfall (if  Measures will be revised & Noise Pollution any) improved to mitigate/ enhance 3 Monitoring Any unforeseen impact environment due to any unforeseen impact. 8.5.1 Sensitive Receptors – mitigation The baseline noise levels monitored along sensitive receptors along project roads are within permissible limits (Refer Table 4.21). Temporary noise barriers shall be provided during construction stage to avoid noise impact on urban areas. Requirement of any noise barrier along these locations will be analysed during construction period based on projected traffic. 8.5.2 Noise Pollution – Mitigation  Noise standards will be strictly enforced for all vehicles, plants, equipment, and construction machinery. All construction equipment used for an 8-hour shift will conform to a standard of less than 90dB (A). If required, high noise producing generators such as concrete mixers, generators, graders, etc. must be provided with noise shields.  Machinery and vehicles will be maintained regularly, with particular attention to silencers and mufflers, to keep construction noise levels to minimum.  Workers in the vicinity of high noise levels will be provided earplugs, helmets and will be engaged in diversified activities to prevent prolonged exposure to noise levels of more than 90dB(A) per 8 hour shift. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-25 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41  During construction vibratory compactors will be used sparingly within the urban areas. In case of complaints from roadside residents, the engineer will ask the site engineer to take suitable steps of restricting the work hours even further or use an alternative roller.  Proposed tree and shrub plantations planned for avenue plantation especially close to settlements, may form an effective sound buffer during the operation stage.  People will be convinced / educated to prevent sensitive land uses from developing up adjacent to the project corridors. 8.5.3 Noise Pollution Monitoring – mitigation Apart from provision of the mitigation measures, their effectiveness and further improvement in designs to reduce the concentration of pollutants in the soil due to construction activity shall be monitored, as contamination of soil is directly linked with contamination of water. The monitoring plan shall be functional in construction as well as in operation stages. The frequency, duration and responsibility will be as per the Appendix 8.1: Guidelines for Monitoring Program. For location refer Table 1.2: Ambient Noise Quality Monitoring Locations. National Ambient Noise Quality Standards are provided in Appendix 4.2c. Any value/result not within acceptable limits will be reported to engineer, for remedial measures. 8.6 FLORA & FAUNA – MITIGATION The major impact in this project on flora involves the removal of trees to permit construction and to provide clear zone for safety of the road users. No wild life habitat/wild life crossing has been observed along the project corridors. However, Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary is located at a distance of 7.5 km from Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89 (from km 13.000). Trees located within the clear zone need to be removed to prevent collision with the trees, in case of accident. Roadside trees with strong and rigid stems can pose safety hazards. Some trees obstruct clear sight distances; others may have a propensity to overturn when old and are potential safety hazards depending upon age and decay condition. All such trees that are safety hazards need to be cleared. Sr.No. Item Impact Impact (Reason) Mitigation/ Enhancement 1 Forest No Impact No Forest land involved Nil area 2 Wild Life  Indirect impact Koonthakulam Bird No widening is proposed in road (Nanguneri - Sanctuary located at 7.5 stretches falling within 10km buffer Bharatavaram km distance from SH89 zone from sanctuary. Only 2 lane Ovari Road without paved shoulder is proposed upto ECR Srivilliputtur Grizzled in these stretches. Junction, Squirrel Wildlife Signboards (depicting sanctuary Section of SH Sanctuary located at name and distance) shall be 89) 6.0km distance from strat displayed at start and end locations  Indirect impact point of SH41 of project road‟s stertch falling within (Rajapalayam- 10km radius of sanctuary Sankarankoil-  For section of SH41 :at Km0/000 Tirunelveli and km 6/000 section of SH-  For section of SH89: at km 0/000 41) and km 15/500  No Impact DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-26 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Sr.No. Item Impact Impact (Reason) Mitigation/ Enhancement (Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram - Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44) 3 Trees Direct impact  Increase in soil  Maximum deviation in alignment Cutting erosion, silting of design to save the road side trees water bodies  Compensatory tree plantation in  Dust & noise pollution the ratio of 1:10, i.e. for each tree  Loss of shade & loss cut, ten saplings will be planted of tree products  Avenue plantation along corridor 4 Vegetation Direct Impact  Increase in soil  Clearing and grubbing will be erosion, silting of minimized, and sprinkled with water bodies water to reduce dust pollution.  Dust & noise pollution  Exposed surface like embankment slopes will be protected with stone pitching and turfing  Open land in and around plant will be vegetated 5 Cattle No Impact No cattle grazing found Nil Grazing 8.6.1 Forest Area – Mitigation There is no involvement of forest area in the project. 8.6.2 Wild Life – Mitigation No wild life habitat/wild life crossing has been observed along the project corridor. However, Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary is located at a distance of 7.5 km from SH-89 and Srivilliputtur Grizzled Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary located at 6.0km distance from start point of SH41 (km 13.000)  No widening is proposed in road stretches falling within 10km buffer zone from sanctuary. Only 2 lane without paved shoulder is proposed in these stretches.  Signboards (depicting sanctuary name and distance) shall be displayed at start and end locations of project road‟s stertch falling within 10km radius of sanctuary o For section of SH41 : at Km0/000 and at km 6/000 o For section of SH89: at km 0/000 and at km 15/500  Strict vigil during construction stage to be maintained that sand, stones pebbles and other material to be used in widening of the road should be brought from outside of the sanctuary area 8.6.3 Trees – Mitigation Due to the proposed project, there will be direct and long term impacts on the flora, which is unavoidable. Therefore, to reduce the impact on flora, plantation of trees has been proposed. The objective of planting trees at selected enhancement sites and against the felled trees is as DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-27 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 follows:  To reduce the impacts of air and dust pollution  To provide shade for the traffic as well as the pedestrians  To reduce the impact of vehicular noise caused by vehicles  To arrest soil erosion on slopes  Beautification of sites by planting selective ornamental shrubs, landscaping and turfing with grasses  Planting trees on the roadsides is to produce a softer greener landscape  To act as a natural filter to the traffic emissions The mitigation and enhancement measures taken along the project corridor includes, a) Transplantation of trees (girth size up to 30 cm): suggested to save the existing tree species b) Compensatory Plantation: to compensate the felling of trees c) Plantation at enhancement sites d) Avenue Plantation e) Plantation at realignment sections a) Transplantation of trees Transplantation can be done for the trees with girth size up to 30 cm. Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44: Based on the actual site condition of existing tree species, 194 trees have been identified for transplantation out of total 351 no. of trees of girth size <30cm. Major species, which can be transplanted, are Neem, Tamarind, Manjanathi and Poonga. Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89: As per the actual scenario of existing tree species, 110 trees have been identified for transplantation out of total 251 no. of trees of girth size <30cm. Major species, which can be transplanted, are Neem, Manjanathi, Poovarasu and Arasas. Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41: Based on the actual condition of existing tree species at site, 362 trees have been identified for transplanted out of total 1015 no. of trees of girth size <30cm. Major species, which can be transplanted is Neem. The chainage and species wise details of trees <30 cm which can be transplanted are enclosed in Appendix 8.9 and guidelines for transplantation is provided in Appendix 8.10. b) Compensatory Plantation As per the recent High Court order, ten saplings should be planted against each tree felled. The TNRSP will bear the cost of such plantation. Refer Appendix 8.11: Arrangement for Compensatory Plantation. To minimise loss of trees, clearance of only those trees identified from the design will be removed. Endangered species, if found during construction, are DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-28 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 suggested to be transplanted as per the Appendix 8.10: Guidelines for Transplantation of Trees. For compensatory plantation, 10-times plantation against each felled tree of >30 cm girth size has been considered. Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 1190 trees of girth size > 30 cm need to be uprooted along the alignment of SH-44 because of project intervention. Following the above guideline, 11,900 trees are recommended for plantation against felled trees>30cm girth size. Tree fencing will be provided for saplings. Depending on the area available at ground within EROW, 18,083 trees (9803 on LHS and 9000 on RHS) trees can be planted along SH-44. The area available throughout the stretch is not homogenous. Therefore, 1/2/3 rows plantation has been taken care in small patch, depending on availability of area. A total of 11,900 saplings (details as given above) can be planted in these available areas along the road as a part of compensatory plantation. Leftover area after compensatory plantation will be used for avenue plantation (6183 no. of saplings). Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 773 trees of girth size > 30 cm need to be uprooted along the alignment of SH-89 because of project intervention. Following the guideline mentioned above, 7730 trees are recommended for plantation against felled trees>30cm girth size. Depending on the area available at ground within EROW, 7217 trees (3900 on LHS and 3317 on RHS) trees can be planted along SH-89. The area available throughout the stretch is not homogenous. Therefore, 1/2/3 rows plantation has been taken care in small patch, depending on availability of area. A maximum of 7217 saplings can only be planted in this available area along the road as a part of compensatory plantation. Remaining 513 sapling plantation will be taken up along with avenue plantation. Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 3923 trees of girth size > 30 cm need to be uprooted along the alignment of SH-41 because of project intervention. Following the above guideline, 39,230 trees are recommended for plantation against felled trees.. A provision of 1 m along both side of the road has been kept in the design in rural stretches for avenue plantation along with utilities. Since the area available will be used for plantation and utilities, 5m spacing will be maintained. Out of total length, 56.14 km is rural stretch, where 22,429 nos. of saplings can be planted covering both side of this stretch. Remaining 16,801 saplings will be planted in the space between PRoW and ERoW (considering 3 m c/c spacing, Refer Drawing 8.4), wherever available. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-29 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 c) Plantation at Enhancement sites A number of cultural/ community properties exist along the project corridors. Landscape design has been worked out to enhance the aesthetic beauty of selected sites, wherever possible. A total of 50 saplings can be planted as an enhancement along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44, details are as below:  As part of the enhancement measure, 18 trees will be planted around existing pond (Chainage 54+500) along SH-44.(Refer Drawing no. 2 of Appendix 8.8)  Available land has been identified in front of a house owned by Late M. K. Bharthiyar‟ (Freedom fighter) at in between chainage 55+600 and 55+700 on LHS along SH-44. A total of 32 trees can be planted in that area along with other enhancement facilities. .(Refer Drawing no. 3 of Appendix 8.8) Flowering and fruit bearing trees like Delonix elata, Morinda tomentosa, Crataeva religiosa, Mangifera indica may be planted in such places. Refer Appendix 8.12: Selection of tree Species. A total of around 90 saplings can be planted as an enhancement measure along Rajapalayam- Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41, details are as below:  As part of the enhancement measure, 90 nos. of saplings (two row plantation with 5m c/c spacing) will be planted on the outer slope of earthern embankment of existing pond (Chainage 11+250).(Refer Drawing no. 2 of Appendix 8.8) Ornamental and fruit bearing trees like Sesbania grandiflora, Delonix elata, Morinda tomentosa, Psidium guajava may be planted in such places. Refer Appendix 8.12: Selection of Tree Species. d) Avenue Plantation In addition to the compensatory plantation, trees shall be planted along the project corridors by the TNRSP through Contractors. Such plantations will be initiated once the construction is complete. The objective behind such plantation is to cover/ re-vegetate the areas within the ROW that are presently barren. The selection of the plants for greenery development is to be made as per the following criteria:  Plants should be fast growing & have dense canopy cover  Preferably with large leaf area  Indigenous species  Species resistant to air pollutants  Should help to maintain the ecological and hydrological balance of the region A provision of 1 m along both side of the road has been kept in the design in rural stretches for avenue plantation along with utilities. Since the area available will be used for plantation and utilities, 5m spacing will be maintained instead of 3m (as considered in compensatory plantation). Refer Appendix 8.13: Avenue Plantation DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-30 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44: Out of total length, 19.330 km is rural stretch, where 7732 nos. of saplings can be planted covering both side of this stretch. Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89: Out of total length, 24.185 km is rural stretch, where 9674 nos. of saplings can be planted covering both side of this stretch. Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 Out of total length, 56.14 km is rural stretch, where 22,429 nos. of saplings can be planted covering both side of this stretch, which will be considered as compensatory plantation (total 39,230 saplings is to be planted). Remaining 16,801 saplings (compensatory plantation) will be planted in the space between PRoW and ERoW (considering 3 m c/c spacing, Refer Drawing 8.4), wherever available. Drawing No. 8.4: Conceptual Plan for Avenue Plantation e) Plantation at Realignment Section In the realignment sections, saplings can be planted along the edge of existing road wherever barren land is available. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-31 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 8.6.4 Vegetation - Mitigation High embankment will be re-vegetated with local shrubs and grasses to prevent soil erosion from the bare earth, prior to the monsoon. 8.6.5 Cattle Grazing - Mitigation No cattle grazing seen along the corridor. 8.7 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT - MITIGATION Adverse socio-economic impacts include all disruptions on the social and economic interactions of communities due to the road project. This involves effect on both the adjacent communities (mostly direct) as well as the nearby communities (mostly indirect). The various impacts have been detailed as:  General impacts that apply to the entire corridor,  Specific impacts on likely properties and PAPs, within the Corridor of Impact (CoI) of the project corridor. 8.7.1 General Impacts – Mitigation Sr. Item Impact Impact (Reason) Mitigation/Enhancement No. Land and property owners are subjected to sufferings Fear of Direct, Public participation sessions regarding uncertainties of 1 uncertainties long were/will be conducted in the extent of loss and the regarding future Impact different stages of project. nature of compensation Market Value Assessment Danger of unscrupulous Inducement of Direst Committee will decide the 2 speculators moving in to land prices impact actual cost of land purchase land Squatters may attempt to The dates of base-line socio- occupy adjacent land in economic survey have been Inducement of Direct the hope of receiving considered as cut off date for 3 squatter influx impact compensation identification of project undue pressure on local affected people PAP. resources Natural (trees, bushes and Relocation of utilities will be grasslands), and completed prior to start of Loss of utilities Direct Physical structures (public 4 project work. and amenities Impact or private assets and These have been further utilities). discussed in details in RAP Public Health High Psychological impacts on Advance notice will be given 5a and Safety direct their owners and others to the owners of the affected DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-32 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Sr. Item Impact Impact (Reason) Mitigation/Enhancement No. adverse associated with them. properties. impact Debris generated Debris, so generated will be disposed to the satisfaction of Engineer. Refer Appendix 8.4: Guidelines for Debris Disposal Site and Management. Monitoring of air, water, noise and land during construction and operation phase. Refer Appendix 8.1: Guidelines for Monitoring Program. Refer Appendix 8.14: Guidelines for Environment Friendly construction Methodology. Social and economic life of the local population due to quarrying and crushing operations, traffic Detailed traffic control plans diversions, etc. shall be prepared and Indirect submitted to the engineer for 5b Allied activities traffic jams and Impact approval 5 days prior to congestion, loss of access commencement of work on and other road accident any section of road. risks temporary land acquisition The contractor will provide, School children erect and maintain Accidents and Direct barricades, including signs 5d Safety ladies carrying pots full of Impact marking flags lights and water flagmen as required by the Engineer. A comprehensive Pressure on civil resettlement action plan has Resettlement of In direct amenities, water sources, been prepared to improve the 6 People impact grazing lands, fuel wood, standard of living of the medical facilities etc. affected population DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-33 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Sr. Item Impact Impact (Reason) Mitigation/Enhancement No. Succession of land uses and higher return uses would displace the lower return uses at major Project is widening of existing intersections and in roads, hence no major Land Use Indirect 7 settlement areas. change in land use pattern is Changes impact envisaged along the project Urban fringe areas will be road. subjected to ribbon development. Some Shops may be The cleaning of such informal Disturbance to shifted, no income from Indirect establishment will be carried 8 road side highway users hence loss Impact out as phase-wise services of service to the local resettlement Programme people Impact will be avoided by loss of shelter Removal of implementation of phase-wise Indirect 9 encroachments resettlement action impact disturbance to family and and squatters Programme community life Sensitive Discussed in detail in Indirect Loss of community 10 community following paragraphs. impact facilities or institutions facilities  Fear of uncertainties regarding future The Project is only of widening and strengthening of the existing roads, and within the confines of the existing ROW, the fear of uncertainties is most likely limited to the people squatting and encroaching in the ROW. At places where the community utilities are to be affected a certain amount of anxiety will be among the people in that particular community. To remove such fear from the people, public participation sessions were/will be conducted in different stages of project, viz. pre-design, design, pre-construction and construction. In the pre-design stage, a comprehensive socio-economic survey was conducted to prepare base line status of the households squatting or encroached upon the ROW. During the survey each households were contacted/interviewed and they were explained about the purpose of the survey, need of the project and benefits associated with the project etc. The second stage of public participation was in the form of village meetings, focus group discussion, individual interviews, voluntary and academic institution consultation. The third stage of participation session will start before pre-construction. The EMU will verify and consult the individual EPs with the help of an NGO for distribution of ID card. At this stage the EPs will be explained about their entitlement and R&R framework. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-34 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 All people likely to be displaced will be informed in advance through NGO by a time bound Programme about resettlement to remove fear of uncertainty. During the construction stage the consultation process will continue to avoid any inconvenience to the community at any point of time.  Inducement of Land Prices As the project becomes common knowledge, the land prices along the corridor will increase. For realignment and geometric improvement of highway, extra additional land may be required; Market Value Assessment Committee will decide the actual cost of such land. The actual cost of land may be different from induced land cost. The MVAC have time bound Programme to calculate the actual cost of land. In calculating the actual land cost individual project affected person (PAP) & NGOs will be involved.  Inducement of Squatter Influx Once the project becomes common knowledge, people may attempt to occupy the land along the corridor in anticipation of compensation. To avoid such, the dates of base-line socio- economic survey have been considered as cut off date for identification of project affected people, who are eligible for compensation. The cut off dates will be used to establish whether a person located in the right way qualifies as a PAP for the disbursement of compensation. All the PAPs recorded during socio-economic baseline survey are eligible for compensation after verification by EMU.  Loss of utilities and amenities The site clearance for construction of road may result in loss or relocation of certain utilities and amenities, viz. electricity, water and telephone line etc. People dependent upon these utilities and amenities may experience inconvenience and economic loss. Though such impacts are unavoidable keeping in mind the scale of work, but every care will be taken in co-ordination with concerned departments, to restore the facility within shortest possible time to avoid any prolonged hardship or inconvenience to the community. Similarly other utilities like water source, cattle trough etc. will be constructed or replaced at appropriate place with the consent of community prior to dismantling the existing one.  Public Health and Safety During the Pre-construction and Construction Phases dismantling of the structures for CoI clearance and road construction may result in health hazards. To minimise this potential negative impact the following recommendations should be adopted:  To avoid the psychological impacts due to the demolition of properties on the owners and other tenants. The advance notice as per RAP will be given to the owners of the affected properties. An advance notice will be served at least four months before construction commences. For squatters needing relocation, all R&R activities will be undertaken and entitlements will be completed before construction starts.  Debris generated from the demolition of properties will be properly disposed of to avoid the health problems in the safeties. Earth material, if required will be dumped in borrow areas as approved by the engineer. Borrow areas will be filled to avoid health hazards DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-35 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 from stagnant water collecting in these areas. The contractor will make all arrangements for dismantling and cleaning up of debris. Implementation will be as per the approval and direction of the engineer.  Instructions as given in Appendix 8.14: Guidelines for Environment Friendly Construction Methodology, to be enforced a) Allied activities during construction period may cause local disruption: In the construction phase, there may be inconvenience to the local people as well as the highway passengers due to traffic jams and congestion, loss of access and other road accident risk as a result of construction. Detailed traffic control plans shall be prepared and submitted to the engineer for approval 5 days prior to commencement of work on any section of road. In the preparation of the traffic control plan special consideration shall be given to the safety of pedestrians and workers at night. b) Accidents and Safety To avoid the accidents during construction phase, contractor shall take all necessary measures to ensure traffic safety. The contractor will provide, erect and maintain barricades, including signs marking flags lights and flagmen as required by the Engineer. In the operation phase, traffic control measures such as speed breakers and sign boards (including speed limits) will be provided and strictly enforced in residential areas, near schools and water bodies like ponds and wells.  Resettlement of People People displaced from their home and livelihood on account of the proposed activity will be taken care in the project. A comprehensive resettlement action plan is being prepared to improve the standard of living of the affected population if not at least restore their livelihood and regaining their former standard of living (Refer Resettlement Action Plan Report).  Land Use Changes As regards land use changes, it is likely that the impact would be very minimal. Since the project is widening of road within the existing ROW, the possibility of major land acquisition is not envisaged. In design stage utmost care has been taken to keep the land acquisition at minimal for road realignment and geometric purpose. The probable impact on road-side business and trees within ROW has been reduced and avoided through design.  Disturbance to Roadside Service Along the highway, near settlements, small shops serve the local people as well as highway users. Some of these shops are within the ROW. To avoid any impact on livelihood of people dependent on roadside business, the cleaning of such informal establishment will be carried out as phase-wise resettlement Programme. Loss of livelihood of the displaced shop owners will be compensated as per assistance or entitlements in Entitlement Framework of Tamil Nadu.  Removal of Encroachments and Squatters The impact due to removal of encroachments and squatters will be avoided by implementation of phase-wise resettlement action Programme. To avoid the severance of impact, advance DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-36 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 notice will be given to the encroachers and squatters. The notice will be given four months prior to construction phase starts. Relocation of all such impacted persons will be as per R&R schedule.  Sensitive Community Facilities The impacts due to project on the sensitive community facilities or institution along the project corridor such as education institution, health facilities, a number of recreational facilities and others like ponds and cultural community assets avoided in the design phase of the project. These are discussed in detail in subsequent paragraphs. 8.7.2 Specific Impacts – Mitigation  Sensitive Community Structures A no. of sensitive community assets exists within the Corridor of Impact. Mitigation and enhancement measures for such structures are provided in Social Impact Assessment Report, Volume-VIIB, DPR. Besides mitigation & enhancement, following measures will be taken for safety of the locals:  Local people will be informed about the schedule of construction activity, so that the local people remain prepared in advance.  The existing sign boards will not be removed but shifted to appropriate place during construction, so that people don‟t find problem in identifying the tourist/religious place.  During construction proper demarcation and sign board, indicators and flag man will be deputed for safe traffic movement. (Refer drawing 8.5) Also, as a part of enhancement measures, it is proposed to enhance the identified available land in front of a house owned by Late M. K. Bharthiyar‟ located on LHS of SH44 between chainage 55+600 and 55+700. Enhancement measures will include facilities like bench, shady trees, solar street light and landscaping. (Refer Drawing no. 3 of Appendix 8.8) 8.8 BUS SHELTER AND BUS BAYS As a part of road improvement, bus shelters will be constructed/repaired at all built up locations. The same has been considered under utility shifting plan. Truck Laybye and Parking Area There is no existing or proposed truck lay bye along SH44 and SH89 8.9 AVOIDANCE OF DISRUPTION AND SAFETY RISKS DURING THE CONSTRUCTION STAGE 8.9.1 Disruption to the community  Loss of access At all times, the Contractor will provide safe and convenient passage for vehicles, pedestrians and livestock to and from side roads and property accesses connecting the project road. Work DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-37 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 that affects the use of side roads and existing accesses will not be undertaken without providing adequate provisions. The works will not interfere unnecessarily or improperly with the convenience of public or the access to, use and occupation of public or private roads, railways and any other access footpaths to or of properties whether public or private.  Traffic jams, congestion and safety Detailed Traffic Control Plans will be prepared prior to commencement of works on any section of road. The traffic control plans will contain details of temporary diversions, details of arrangements for construction under traffic and details of traffic arrangement after cessation of work each day. Temporary diversion (including scheme of temporary and acquisition) will be constructed with the approval of the Engineer and the EMU. Special consideration will be given in the preparation of the traffic control plan to the safety of pedestrians and workers at night. The Contractor will ensure that the running surface is always properly maintained, particularly during the monsoon so that no disruption to the traffic flow occurs. The temporary traffic detours will be kept free of dust by frequent application of water, if necessary. The Contractor will take all necessary measures for the safety of traffic during construction and provide, erect and maintain such barricades, including signs, markings, flags, lights and flagmen as may be required by the Engineer for the information and protection of traffic approaching or passing through the section of the highway under improvement. HAZARD MARKAR OF TYPE APPROVED BY THE ENGINEER 3.5m CLEAR WIDTH TO BE MAINTAINED WHEN SITE IS NOT CONTROLED BY FLAG MEN 20m 250.0 120.0 120.0 250.0 (Max.) SHOULDER CARRRIAGEWAY 7 CARRRIAGEWAY SHOULDER MAXIMUM 1 KM. 100.0 SITE OF WORK 100.0 Drawing No. 8.5: Conceptual Plan for traffic Diversion 8.9.2 Safety of the workers  Refer Appendix 8.6: Guidelines for Sitting and Layout of Construction Camp. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-38 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41  ReferAppendix 8.14: Guidelines for Environment Friendly Construction Methodology.  Refer Appendix 8.15: Guidelines for Workers Safety During Construction.  Refer Appendix 8.16: Guidelines for Storage, Handling Use And Emergency.  Risk from operations The Contractor is required to comply with all the precautions as required for the safety of the workmen as per the International Labour Organisation (ILO) Convention No. 62 as far as those are applicable to this contract. The contractor will supply all necessary safety appliances such as safety goggles, helmets, masks, etc., to the workers and staff. The contractor has to comply with all regulation regarding safe scaffolding, ladders, working platforms, gangway, stairwells, excavations, trenches and safe means of entry and egress.  Risk from electrical equipment Adequate precautions will be taken to prevent danger from electrical equipment. No material or any of the sites will be so stacked or placed as to cause danger or inconvenience to any person or the public. All necessary fencing and lights will be provided to protect the public. All machines to be used in the construction will conform to the relevant Indian Standards (IS) codes, will be free from patent defect, will be kept in good working order, will be regularly inspected and properly maintained as per IS provisions and to the satisfaction of the Engineer.  Risk at hazardous activity All workers employed on mixing asphaltic material, cement, lime mortars, concrete etc., will be provided with protective footwear and protective goggles. Workers, who are engaged in welding works would be provided with welder‟s protective eye-shields. Stone-breakers will be provided with protective goggles and clothing and will be seated at sufficiently safe intervals. The use of any herbicide or other toxic chemical will be strictly in accordance with the manufacturer‟s instructions. The Engineer will be given at least 6 working days notice of the proposed use of any herbicide or toxic chemical. A register of all herbicides and other toxic chemicals delivered to the site will be kept and maintained up to date by the Contractor. The register will include the trade name, physical properties and characteristics, chemical ingredients, health and safety hazard information, safe handling and storage procedures, and emergency and first aid procedures for the product.  Risk of lead pollution No man below the age of 18 years and no woman will be employed on the work of painting with products containing lead in any form. No paint containing lead or lead products will be used except in the form of paste or readymade paint. Face masks will be supplied for use by the workers when paint is applied in the form of spray or a surface having lead paint dry rubbed and scrapped.  Risk caused by force’ majure All reasonable precaution will be taken to prevent danger of the workers and the public from fire, flood, drowning, etc. All necessary steps will be taken for prompt first aid treatment of all DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-39 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 injuries likely to be sustained during the course of work.  Risk from explosives Except as may be provided in the contract or ordered or authorised by the Engineer, the Contractor will not use explosives. Where the use of explosives is so provided or ordered or authorised, the Contractor will comply with the requirements of the following Sub-Clauses of this Clause besides the law of the land as applicable: (also refer Appendix 8.16: Storage, Handling use and emergency response for hazardous chemicals)  The Contractor will at all times take every possible precaution and will comply with appropriate laws and regulations relating to the importation, handling, transportation, storage and use of explosives and will, at all times when engaged in blasting operations, post sufficient warning flagmen, to the full satisfaction of the Engineer.  The Contractor will at all times make full liaison with and inform well in advance and obtain such permission as is required from all Government Authorities, public bodies and private parties whatsoever concerned or affected or likely to be concerned or affected by blasting operations.  Malarial risk The Contractor will, at his own expense, conform to all anti-malarial instructions given to him by the Engineer, including filling up any borrow pits which may have been dug by him. Borrow pits and any other water bodies created during the construction process will be situated 1 to 2km away from the human settlements. Pits dug up closer than these will be adequately drained to prevent water logging. Similarly compensatory measures for filling up part of the water bodies situated adjacent to the project corridors will be directed towards deepening of the water bodies concerned. This way the capacity of the water body remains the same, while water surface available for breeding of mosquitoes is reduced. This will have an additional advantage of decreased evaporation losses, which will be important in water-scarce corridors.  First aid At every workplace, a readily available first aid unit including an adequate supply of sterilised dressing material and appliances will be provided as per the Factory Rules. Workplaces remote and far away from regular hospitals will have indoor heath units with one bed for every 250 workers. Suitable transport will be provided to facilitate take injured or ill person(s) to the nearest applicable hospital. At every workplace an ambulance room containing the prescribed equipment and nursing staff will be provided as prescribed.  Potable water In every workplace at suitable and easily accessible places a sufficient supply of cold potable water (as per IS) will be provided and maintained. If the drinking water is obtained from an intermittent public water supply then, storage tanks will be provided. All water supply storage will be at a distance of not less than 15m from any latrine, drain or other source of pollution. Where water has to be drawn from an existing well, which is within such proximity of any latrine, DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-40 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 drain or any other source of pollution, the well will be properly chlorinated before water is drawn from it for drinking water. All such wells will be entirely closed in and be provided with a trap door, which will be dust proof and waterproof. A reliable pump will be fitted to each covered well. The trap door will be kept locked and opened only for cleaning or inspection, which will be done at least once a month.  Hygiene The Contractor during the progress of work will provide, erect and maintain necessary (temporary) living accommodation and ancillary facilities for labour to standards and scales approved by the resident engineer. Refer Appendix 8.6: Sitting and layout of construction Camp. These will be provided within the precincts of every workplace, latrines and urinals in an accessible place, and the accommodation, separately for each for these, as per standards set by the Building and other Construction Workers (regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996. Except in workplaces provided with water-flushed latrines connected with a water borne sewage system, all latrines will be provided with dry-earth system (receptacles) which will be cleaned at least four times daily and at least twice during working hours and kept in a strict sanitary condition. Receptacles will be tarred inside and outside at least once a year. If women are employed, separate latrines and urinals, screened from those for men and marked in the vernacular will be provided. There will be adequate supply of water, close to latrines and urinals. All temporary accommodation must be constructed and maintained in such a fashion that uncontaminated water is available for drinking, cooking and washing. The sewage system for the camp must be properly designed, built and operated so that no health hazard occurs and no pollution to the air, ground or adjacent watercourses takes place. Compliance with the relevant legislation must be strictly adhered to. Garbage bins must be provided in the camp and regularly emptied and the garbage disposed off in a hygienic manner. Construction camps are to be sited away from vulnerable people and adequate health care is to be provided for the work force. Unless otherwise arranged for by the local sanitary authority, arrangement for proper disposal of excreta by incineration at the workplace will be made by means of a suitable incinerator approved by the local medical health or municipal authorities. Alternatively, excreta may be disposed off by putting a layer of night soils at the bottom of a permanent tank prepared for the purpose and covering it with 15 cm layer of waste or refuse and then covering it with a layer of earth for a fortnight (by then it will turn into manure). On completion of the works, the whole of such temporary structures will be cleared away, all rubbish burnt, excreta or other disposal pits or trenches filled in and effectively sealed off and the whole of the site left clean and tidy, at the Contractor‟s expense, to the entire satisfaction of the Engineer DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8-41 APPENDICES HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road upto ECR Junction(Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 APPENDIX 1.1: TOPOSHEETS SHOWING 500M BUFFER AREA AROUND PROJECT ROADS Start Ch. Km 22/500 End Ch. Km 56/700 Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road upto ECR Junction(Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Start Ch. Km 0/000 End Ch. Km 35/200 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road upto ECR Junction(Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Start Ch. Km 1/800 Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 End Ch. Km 82/800 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 APPENDIX 2.1: EROW DETAILS OF PROJECT ROADS Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22+500 to km 38+750 and km 41+300 to km 56+700), Section of SH44 Existing Chainage S.NO EROW (m) From (km) To (km) 1 22+500 23+000 17.4 2 23+000 24+000 26.4 3 24+000 25+000 21.4 4 25+000 26+000 18.1 5 26+000 27+000 26 6 27+000 28+000 25.7 7 28+000 29+000 20 8 29+000 30+000 17.7 9 30+000 31+000 25.7 10 31+000 32+000 24.44 11 32+000 33+000 32.08 12 33+000 34+000 27.53 13 34+000 35+000 21.1 14 35+000 36+000 21.6 15 36+000 37+000 27.85 16 37+000 38+000 27.25 17 38+000 39+000 20.23 18 39+000 40+000 16.7 19 40+000 41+000 18.3 20 41+000 42+000 22.5 21 42+000 43+000 20.5 22 43+000 44+000 24 23 44+000 45+000 27.3 24 45+000 46+000 34.2 25 46+000 47+000 33.76 26 47+000 48+000 37.03 27 48+000 49+000 32.8 28 49+000 50+000 33.5 29 28+000 51+000 26.5 30 51+000 52+000 28 31 52+000 53+000 41.8 32 53+000 54+000 28.04 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Existing Chainage S.NO EROW (m) From (km) To (km) 33 54+000 55+000 32.56 34 55+000 56+000 15.5 35 56+000 57+000 16 Source: SIA Report, DPR, Volume VIIB Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovary Road upto ECR Junction (km 0+000 to km 35+200), Section of SH 89 Existing Chainage S.NO EROW (m) From (km) To (km) 1 0+000 1+000 31.75 2 1+000 2+000 24.06 3 2+000 3+000 33.3 4 3+000 4+000 23.85 5 4+000 5+000 26.3 6 5+000 6+000 27.6 7 6+000 7+000 23.2 8 7+000 8+000 24 9 8+000 9+000 22.36 10 9+000 10+000 19.34 11 10+000 11+000 25.62 12 11+000 12+000 24.95 13 12+000 13+000 29.81 14 13+000 14+000 23.23 15 14+000 15+000 17.33 16 15+000 16+000 20.57 17 16+000 17+000 23.01 18 17+000 18+000 23.33 19 18+000 19+000 18.01 20 19+000 20+000 21.86 21 20+000 21+000 19.93 22 21+000 22+000 20.09 23 22+000 23+000 20.3 24 23+000 24+000 22.62 25 24+000 25+000 30.4 26 25+000 26+000 22.17 27 26+000 27+000 21.91 28 27+000 28+000 22.11 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 S.NO Existing Chainage EROW (m) 29 28+000 29+000 10.15 30 29+000 30+000 19.08 31 30+000 31+000 13.95 32 31+000 32+000 8.38 33 32+000 33+000 18.9 34 33+000 34+000 11.5 35 34+000 35+000 7.45 Source: SIA Report, DPR, Volume VIIB Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1+800 to km 28+000 and km 33+800 to km 82+800), Section of SH41 Existing Chainage S.NO EROW (m) From (km) To (km) 1. 1+000 2+000 10-20m 2. 2+000 3+000 20-23m 3. `3+000 4+000 25-28m 4. `4+000 5+000 16-27m 5. 5+000 6+000 13-27m 6. 6+000 7+000 17-25m 7. 7+000 8+000 12-27m 8. 8+000 9+000 12-30m 9. 9+000 10+000 16-23m 10. 10+000 11+000 15-25m 11. 11+000 12+000 20-25m 12. 12+000 13+000 15-35m 13. 13+000 14+000 20-35m 14. 14+000 15+000 20-30m 15. 15+000 16+000 25-30m 16. 16+000 17+000 25-30m 17. 17+000 18+000 20-28m 18. 18+000 19+000 22-28m 19. 19+00 20+000 15-25m 20. 20+000 21+000 20-28m 21. 21+000 22+000 25-27m 22. 22+000 23+000 15-25m 23. 23+000 24+000 25-27m 24. 24+000 25+000 15-25m 25. 25+000 26+000 25-30m 26. 26+000 27+000 25-30m 27. 27+000 28+000 20-25m DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1+800 to km 28+000 and km 33+800 to km 82+800), Section of SH41 Existing Chainage S.NO EROW (m) From (km) To (km) 28. 28+000 29+000 15-25m 29. 29+000 30+000 15-25m 30. 30+000 31+000 13-25m 31. 31+000 32+000 10-15m 32. 32+000 33+000 15-25m 33. 33+000 34+000 20-30m 34. 34+000 35+000 15-30m 35. 35+000 36+000 20-30m 36. 37+00 37+000 25-35m 37. 37+000 38+000 25-35m 38. 38+000 39+000 15-35m 39. 39+000 40+000 20-30m 40. 40+000 41+000 12-30m 41. 41+000 42+000 12-25m 42. 42+000 43+000 20-28m 43. 43+000 44+000 15-28m 44. 44+000 45+000 28-33m 45. 45+000 46+000 18-29m 46. 46+000 47+000 26-34m 47. 47+000 48+000 12-28m 48. 48+000 49+000 18-33m 49. 49+000 50+000 27-47m 50. 50+000 51+000 25-46m 51. 51+000 52+000 30-40m 52. 52+000 53+000 30-35m 53. 53+00 54+000 14-25m 54. 54+000 55+000 20-28m 55. 55+000 56+000 25-30m 56. 56+000 57+000 25-35m 57. 57+000 58+000 12-28m 58. 58+000 59+000 12-25m 59. 59+000 60+000 25-33m 60. 60+000 61+000 25-35m 61. 61+000 62+000 20-39m 62. 62+000 63+000 25-45m 63. 63+000 64+000 20-30m 64. 64+000 65+000 15-30m 65. 65+000 66+000 28-33m DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1+800 to km 28+000 and km 33+800 to km 82+800), Section of SH41 Existing Chainage S.NO EROW (m) From (km) To (km) 66. 66+00 67+000 30-38m 67. 67+000 68+000 25-47m 68. 68+000 69+000 25-35m 69. 69+000 70+000 25-35m 70. 70+00 71+000 13-20m 71. 71+000 72+000 15-35m 72. 72+000 73+000 15-25m 73. 73+000 74+000 20-35m 74. 74+000 75+000 15-30m 75. 75+000 76+000 25-35m 76. 76+000 77+000 25-38m 77. 77+000 78+000 30-37m 78. 78+000 79+000 25-35m 79. 79+000 80+000 30-50m 80. 80+000 81+000 25-33m 81. 81+000 82+000 25-35m 82. 82+000 83+000 15-20m Source: SIA Report, DPR, Volume VIIB DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 5 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 APPENDIX 2.2: LAND USE MAP OF PROJECT ROADS WITHIN 10KM RADIUS OF PROJECT ROADS Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Uvari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankovil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Uvari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankovil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3 APPENDIX 4.1 ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS REPORT SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Prepared by Green Chem Solutions Pvt. Ltd. Plot No.883, 11th Street, Syndicate Bank Colony, Anna Nagar West Extension, Chennai - 600 101. GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Date Report Environmental Analysis Report (SH-44,SH-39,SH-89) Prepared by Miss, S.Prabha, Senior Chemist Signature Reviewed by Mr. T.Jeenly Xavier Anand, Lab In Charge Signature Approved by Mr. A. Jawahar, Quality Manager Signature 1 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. TABLE OF CONTENTS S No. TITLE PAGE No. 1. Table Details 3 2. Figure Details 4 3. INTRODUCTION 5 to 11 4. AMBIENT AIR QUALITY 12 to 17 5. NOISE QUALITY 18 to 23 6. WATER QUALITY MONITORING 24 to 35 7. SOIL CHARACTERISTICS 36 to 39 8. ANNEXURE 1– PHOTOGRAPHS 40 to 51 9. ANNEXURE 2 –Ambient Air quality results - 10. ANNEXURE 3 – Noise quality results - 2 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Table Details: Table Nos Contents Page No Table 1 Monitoring Schedules 5 Table 2 Instruments Used and frequency of Sampling 9 Table 3 National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) 10 Table 4 Ambient air quality monitoring locations 11 Table 5 AAQ Monitoring Average Results - SH-44: Naduvapatti- Kovilpatti- 12 Ettayapuram Table 6 AAQ Monitoring Average Results SH39Tirunelveli to Tenkasi 13 Table 7 AAQ-Average Results SH-89: ( Nanguneri- Bharatavaram- Uvari) 14 Table 8 Duration of sampling For Noise Level Monitoring 15 Table 9 Ambient noise level monitoring locations 15 to 16 Table 10 Ambient noise level monitoring Results SH-44: Naduvapatti- Kovilpatti- 17 Ettayapuram Table 11 Ambient noise level monitoring Results SH-39: Tirunelveli to Tenkasi 18 Table 12 Ambient noise level monitoring Results SH-89: ( Nanguneri- Bharatavaram- 19 Uvari) Table 13 water quality monitoring locations 21 to 22 Table 14 Parameters and method of Analysis 22 to 23 Table 15 Presentationand discussions ofresults SH-44: Naduvapatti- Kovilpatti- 24 to 25 Ettayapuram Table 16 Presentationand discussions ofresults SH-39: Tirunelveli to Tenkasi 26 to 28 Table 17 Presentationand discussions ofresults SH-89: ( Nanguneri- Bharatavaram- 29 to 32 Uvari) Table 18 Soil Location Details 33 Table 19 Desirable Soil Quality 33 Table 20 Presentationand discussions of results (SH-44: Naduvapatti- Kovilpatti- 34 Ettayapuram) Table 21 Presentationand discussions of results (SH-39: Tirunelveli to Tenkasi) 35 Table 22 Presentationand discussions of results (SH-89: Nanguneri- Bharatavaram- 36 Uvari) 3 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Figure Details: Figure Nos Contents Page No Figure 1 Map Showing Project Road SH – 44 for AAQ 6 Figure 2 Map Showing Project Road SH – 39 for AAQ 6 Figure 3 Map Showing Project Road SH – 89 for AAQ 7 Figure 4 Map Showing Project Road SH – 44 for Noise 7 Figure 5 Map Showing Project Road SH – 39 for Noise 8 Figure 6 Map Showing Project Road SH – 89 for Noise 8 Figure 7 Map Showing Project Road SH – 44 for water 9 Figure 8 Map Showing Project Road SH – 39 for water 9 Figure 9 Map Showing Project Road SH – 89 for water 10 Figure 10 Map Showing Project Road SH – 44 for soil 10 Figure 11 Map Showing Project Road SH – 39 for soil 11 Figure 12 Map Showing Project Road SH – 89 for soil 11 Discussion of AAQ Monitoring Result:(SH-44: Naduvapatti- Kovilpatti- Figure 13 15 Ettayapuram) Figure 14 Discussion of AAQ Monitoring Result: (SH-39: Tirunelveli to Tenkasi) 16 Figure 15 Discussion of AAQ Monitoring Result:(SH89 Nanguneri- Bharatavaram- Uvari) 17 Discussion of Result:Ambient noise level monitoring Results SH-44: Figure 16 20 (Naduvapatti- Kovilpatti- Ettayapuram) Discussion of Result:Ambient noise level monitoring Results SH-39: Figure 17 22 (Tirunelveli to Tenkasi) Discussion of Result:Ambient noise level monitoring Results SH-89: Figure 18 23 ( Nanguneri- Bharatavaram- Uvari) 4 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. INTRODUCTION SMEC India Pvt. Ltd ,Gurgaon (smec India ) is deputed Green Chem Solutions (P) Ltd, Chennai (GCSPL) for monitoring Ambient Air , Ambient Noise , Ground Water, Surface water and Soil quality in different locations of the Project Road (SH-44,SH-39,SH-89) This will helps to identify and evaluate the environmental effects arising from the existing/proposed activities in selected sites and execute mitigation measures to avoid or reduce the environmental impacts. Ambient Air Quality: Figure 1,2 and 3 shows the details of the selected air quality monitoring (fifteen) stations in SH-44, SH-39, SH- 89. The monitoring of ambient air quality parameter specified by CPCB at these sites was carried out during the month of the mar-2014. Samples were collected at the selected sites for a period of about four weeks in march-2014. Table.1 shows the schedule of monitoring at selected sites. Table: 1.Monitoring Schedule Site First Week Second Week Third Week Fourth week Code First Second First Second First Second First Second Time Time Time Time Time Time Time Time 26.02.2014 03.03.2014 07.03.2014 10.03.2014 14.03.2014 17.03.2014 21.03.2014 24.03.2014 To To To To To To To To SH-44 27.02.2014 04.03.2014 08.03.2014 11.03.2014 15.03.2014 18.03.2014 22.03.2014 25.03.2014 27.02.2014 02.03.2014 06.03.2014 09.03.2014 13.03.2014 16.03.2014 20.03.2014 23.03.2014 To To To To To To To To SH-39 28.02.2014 03.03.2014 07.03.2014 10.03.2014 14.03.2014 17.03.2014 21.03.2014 24.03.2014 01.03.2014 04.03.2014 08.03.2014 11.03.2014 15.03.2014 18.03.2014 22.03.2014 25.03.2014 To To To To To To To To SH-89 02.03.2014 05.03.2014 09.03.2014 12.03.2014 16.03.2014 19.03.2014 23.03.2014 26.03.2014 5 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Figure.1 Map showing project Road SH-44 Figure.2 Map showing project Road SH-39 6 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Figure.3 Map showing project Road SH-89 Noise Monitoring: Figure 4, 5 and 6 shows the details of the selected Noise monitoring (thirty two) stations in SH-44, SH-39, SH-89. The noise monitoring parameter specified by CPCB at these sites was carried out during the month of the march-2014. Figure.4 Map showing project Road SH-44 7 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Figure.5 Map showing project Road SH-39 Figure.6 Map showing project Road SH-89 8 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Water Monitoring: Figure 7, 8 and 9 shows the details of the selected water monitoring (seventeen) stations in SH-44, SH-39, SH-89. The water monitoring parameter specified by CPCB at these sites was carried out during the month of the march-2014. Figure.7 Map showing project Road SH-44 Figure.8 Map showing project Road SH-39 9 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Figure.9 Map showing project Road SH-89 Soil Monitoring: Figure 10, 11 and 12 shows the details of the selected water monitoring (seventeen) stations in SH-44, SH-39, SH-89. Figure.10 Map showing project Road SH-44 10 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Figure.11 Map showing project Road SH-39 Figure.12 Map showing project Road SH-89 11 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. 1. AMBIENT AIR QUALITY Table.2 gives the list of pollutants monitored in this project, instruments used and frequency of sampling. Particular PM10 PM 2.5 NOX SO2 CO Sampling RDS PM2.5 Impingers Impingers Automatic Instrument Sampler sampler attached to attached to analyzer High volume sampler High volume sampler Sampling Filtration of Filtration of Chemical Chemical Suction by Principle aerodynamic aerodynamic absorption in absorption in Pump sizes sizes with a suitable media suitable media As per size cut by instrument impaction specification followed by cyclone separation Flow rate 0.8-1.2 16.7 LPM 0.4 LPM 0.4 LPM 0.2 – 0.5 LPM m3/min Sampling Period 24 hourly 24 Hourly 24 Hourly 24 Hourly 8 Hourly Sampling Weekly twice Weekly twice Weekly twice Weekly twice Weekly twice frequency for four week for four week for four week for four week for four week Analytical Electronic Electronic Spectrophotometer Spectrophotometer Automatic instrument Balance Micro Analyser Balance Analytical Gravimetric Gravimetric Colorimetric Colorimetric NDIR method Improved West Jacobs & & Gaeke Hochheiser Method Modified method 12 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Table 3. National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), 2009 Industrial, Residential, Sensitive Time Weighted Pollutants Rural & other Areas Areas Average Sulphur Dioxide Annual Average 50 µg/m3 20 µg/m3 (SO2) 24 hours 80 µg/m3 80 µg/m3 Oxides of Nitrogen as Annual Average 40 µg/m3 30 µg/m3 (NO2) 24 hours 80 µg/m3 80 µg/m3 Particulate Matter Annual Average 60 µg/m3 60 µg/m3 (PM10) 24 hours 100 µg/m3 100 µg/m3 Particulate Matter Annual Average 40 µg/m3 40 µg/m3 (PM 2.5) 24 hours 60 µg/m3 60 µg/m3 CarbonMonoxide 8 hours 2.0 mg/m3 2 mg/ m3 (CO) 1 hour 4.0 mg/m3 4 mg/m3 13 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Details 1.1 1.2 ofmonitoring Table: 7. Ambientlocations Air Quality Monitoring Average Results SH-44: Naduvapatti- Kovilpatti- Ettayapuram Location and classification of location are listed in Table: 4 Location Classification of area Table: 4. 10 Ambient3 3 3 3 3 PM quality (µg/m )airPM ) SO2 (µlocations monitoring 2.5(µg/m g/m ) NOx (µg/m ) CO (mg/m ) Sensitive AAQ01 Name of the Location location 35.8 14.6 Date of monitoring 5.8 Classification 14.4 GPS Point<1.0 (Zone 43) AAQ02 Sensitive 39.5 17.3 Description 6.7 16.1 <1.0 code of location AAQ03 Commercial 44.2 Naduvapatti- SH-44: Ettayapuram 17.3 20.1 Kovilpatti- 7.5 <1.0 AAQ01 AAQ04 School and temple at Commercial 41.426.02.14 to 27.02.14, 7.1 18.8 E-0800589; N-1022966 Sensitive 16.9 <1.0 Naduvapatti AAQ02 Temple at Nakkalamuttampatti 03.03.14 to 04.03.14, Sensitive E-0804713; N-1021714 07.03.14 to 08.03.14, AAQ03 Village Cross junction of NH-7 at Commercial E-0814234; N-1016308 Discussion of Result: (SH-44: to 11.03.14, 10.03.14 Ettayapuram) Naduvapatti- Kovilpatti- Kovilpatti Municipal Area AAQ04 Near Mahakavibharathiyar 14.03.14 to 15.03.14, Commercial E-0828853; N-1012769 limits stipulated The ambient air quality is well within 17.03.14 by CPCB. It is observed from table that to 18.03.14, memorial near Ettayapuram 21.03.14 to 22.03.14, Particulate Matter (10) in all location is in between 24.03.14 35.8 - 44.2 µg/m3. And Particulate matter to in25.03.14 ( 2.5) between 14.6 and 20.1, SO2 content SH-39: ranges betweento Tirunelveli 5.8 – 7.5 µg/m3 and NOx values ranges Tenkasi AAQ05 Matriculation School, Palyapattai 27.02.14 to 28.02.14, Sensitive E-0793611; N-0967042 between 14.4 - 17.3 µg/m3. The resultsare tabulated in figure 4. AAQ06 Manonmanium University 02.03.14 to 03.03.14, Sensitive E-0791166; N-0969370 AAQ07 50 Einstein College of Engineering, 06.03.14 to 07.03.14, Sensitive E-0787506; N-0971910 AAQ08 Muttankulam Sitaparappanallur Village 09.03.14 to 10.03.14, Sensitive E-0786645; N-0972495 40 13.03.14 to 14.03.14, AAQ09 CSI Christ Church Alangulam Sensitive E-0774633; N-0981043 AAQ10 Temple Near cross junction of SH- 16.03.14 to 17.03.14, Commercial E-0761739; N-0986498 30 P.M10 39A 20.03.14 to 21.03.14, AAQ11 Municipality park at Commercial E-0756200; N-0989429 P.M2.5 23.03.14 to 24.03.14 20 vettaikaramkulam SH-89: ( Nanguneri- Bharatavaram- Uvari) SO2 10 School near Elankulam Village, AAQ12 01.03.14 to 02.03.14, Sensitive NOX E-0801670; N-0931779 AAQ13 RECT College Vijayanarayanam 04.03.14 to 05.03.14, Sensitive E-0804526; N-0929543 0 AAQ14 College near cross junction of SH- 08.03.14 to 09.03.14, Commercial E-0809188; N-0925979 93 AAQ1 AAQ3 AAQ211.03.14 to 12.03.14, (Vallure to turchun) AAQ4 15.03.14 to 16.03.14, AAQ15 School and Church Uvari 18.03.14 to 19.03.14, Figure 4. Sensitive E-0818520; N-0916343 22.03.14 to 23.03.14, 25.03.14 to 26.03.14 14 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. 1.2 Table: 5. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Average Results SH-44: Naduvapatti- Kovilpatti- Ettayapuram Location Classification of area 3 3 3 3 3 PM10 (µg/m ) PM2.5(µ g/m ) SO2 (µg/m ) NOx (µ g/m ) CO (mg/m ) AAQ01 Sensitive 35.8 14.6 5.8 14.4 0.80 AAQ02 Sensitive 39.5 17.3 6.7 16.1 0.85 AAQ03 Commercial 44.2 20.1 7.5 17.3 0.95 AAQ04 Commercial 41.4 18.8 7.1 16.9 0.90 Discussion of Result: (SH-44: Naduvapatti- Kovilpatti- Ettayapuram) The ambient air quality is well within limits stipulated by CPCB. It is observed from table that Particulate Matter (10) in all location is in between in 35.8 - 44.2 µg/m3. And Particulate matter ( 2.5) between 14.6 and 20.1, SO2 content ranges between 5.8 – 7.5 µg/m3 and NOx values ranges between 14.4 - 17.3 µg/m3. The results are tabulated in figure 4. 50 40 30 P.M10 P.M2.5 20 SO2 10 NOX 0 AAQ1 AAQ2 AAQ3 AAQ4 Figure 13. 15 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Table: 6. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Average Results SH-39: Tirunelveli to Tenkasi Location Classification of area 3 3 3 3 3 PM10 (µg/m ) PM2.5(µ g/m ) SO2 (µg/m ) NOx (µ g/m ) CO (mg/m ) AAQ05 Sensitive 36.6 17.3 6.8 16.7 0.80 AAQ06 Sensitive 34.8 16.2 6.4 16.1 0.85 AAQ07 Sensitive 38.1 18.5 7.2 17.4 0.80 AAQ08 Sensitive 35.9 17.0 6.6 16.9 0.85 AAQ09 Sensitive 39.7 19.4 7.1 17.6 0.90 AAQ10 Commercial 42.3 20.8 8.1 18.2 0.95 AAQ11 Commercial 41.6 20.0 7.8 17.8 0.90 Discussion of Result: (SH-39: Tirunelveli to Tenkasi) The ambient air quality is well within limits stipulated by CPCB. It is observed from table:8 that P ar ti cul a te M a t te r ( 10) in all location is in between in 34.8 and 42.3 µg/m3. And Particulate matter ( 2.5) between 16.2 and 20.8, SO2 content ranges between 6.4 – 8.1 µg/m3 and NOx values ranges between 16.1- 18.2 µg/m3. The results are tabulated in figure 5. 45 40 35 30 P.M10 25 P.M2.5 20 15 SO2 10 NOX 5 0 AAQ05 AAQ06 AAQ07 AAQ08 AAQ09 AAQ10 AAQ11 Figure 14. 16 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Table: 7. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Average Results SH-89: ( Nanguneri- Bharatavaram- Uvari) Location Classification of area 3 3 3 3 3 PM10 (µg/m ) PM2.5(µ g/m ) SO2 (µg/m ) NOx (µ g/m ) CO (mg/m ) AAQ12 Sensitive 34.5 15.8 6.8 15.3 0.85 AAQ13 Sensitive 36.2 17.1 6.1 15.8 0.80 AAQ14 Commercial 40.4 19.6 7.8 17.1 0.95 AAQ15 Sensitive 39.6 18.3 6.4 16.5 0.80 Discussion of Result:( SH-89 Nanguneri- Bharatavaram- Uvari) The ambient air quality is well within limits stipulated b y CPCB. It is observed from table:9 that Particulate Matter (10) in all location is in between in 34.5 and 40.4 µg/m3. And Particulate matter ( 2.5) between 15.8 and 19.6, SO2 content ranges between 6.1 – 7.8 µg/m3 and NOx values ranges between 15.3- 17.1 µg/m3. The results are tabulated in figure 6. 45 40 35 30 P.M10 25 20 P.M2.5 15 SO2 10 NOX 5 0 AAQ12 AAQ13 AAQ14 AAQ15 Figure 15. 17 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. 2. NOISE QUALITY 2.1 Methodologyfor monitoring Noise in general is sound which is composed o f many frequency components of various loudness distributed over the audible frequency range. Noise monitoring is to be carried out during day and night time with a minimum of 4 readings per minute for 15 min in an hour for 24 hours. From the noted levels while using a handheld noise meter, in ‘A’ weighted averaging for ambient noise, Leq (Day) and Leq (Night) were calculated. Table: 8. Duration of sampling Parameter Sampling duration Noise Level Monitoring Once (Hourly reading for 24 hrs Monitoring) Table: 9. Ambient noise level monitoring locations Location Name of the location Date of Classification GPS Point (Zone 43) monitoring Description of code location SH-44: Naduvapatti- Kovilpatti- Ettayapuram ANQ01 School and temple at Naduvapatti Sensitive E-0800589; N-1022966 ANQ02 Temple at Sippipari Commercial E-0804345; N-1022903 ANQ03 Temple at Nakkalamuttampatti Sensitive E-0804705; N-1021723 26.02.14 ANQ04 Village Cross junction of NH-7 at Kovilpatti Commercial E-0814054; N-1064080 to Municipal Area 27.02.14 ANQ05 Built-up area at Ettaiyapuram Residential cum E-0829707; N-1012900 commercial ANQ06 Near Mahakavibharathiyar memorial Commercial E-0828855; N-1012776 near Ettaiyapuram 18 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Table: 9. Ambient noise level monitoring locations Location Name of the location Date of Classification GPS Point (Zone 43) monitoring Description of code location SH-39: Tirunelveli to Tenkasi ANQ07 Near Nivedhita Matriculation School, Sensitive E-0793612; N-0967005 ANQ08 Ooliyasthanam Teacher Traning Institute Sensitive E-0793302; N-0967205 & Middle School, Palyapattai ANQ09 Near Gents hostel of vet nary college 27.02.14 Sensitive E-0791947; N-0968653 and research institute to ANQ10 Near Manonmanium University 28.02.14 Sensitive E-0791170; N-0969376 ANQ11 Sitaparappanallur Village Sensitive E-0786642; N-0972486 ANQ12 King Medical Dispensary Sensitive E-0785281; N-0974097 ANQ13 St. john Teacher training institute, Sensitive E-0782996; N-0975132 ANQ14 marandai Mata Mandhir Temple Commercial E-0781836; N-0975897 ANQ15 ISMA School balaji Nagar, marandai 02.03.14 Sensitive E-0780877; N-0977063 ANQ16 St. marys church, Karumpuliuttu to Sensitive E-0778744; N-0978713 03.03.14 ANQ17 Mani Hospital, Alangulam Sensitive E-0775167; N-0980876 ANQ18 Mata Mandhir Temple Commercial E-0770635; N-0982172 ANQ19 Sri Muppuathi Amman college of Sensitive E-0767999; N-0983119 ANQ20 Education Mutaramankovil Temple Commercial E-0766407; N-0983757 ANQ21 Harash Govt. Women school 06.03.14 Sensitive E-0762321; N-0986139 ANQ22 Temple near cross junction of SH-39A to Commercial E-0761743; N-0986486 ANQ23 07.03.14 Municipality Park at Vettaikaramkulam Commercial E-0755415; N-0989696 ANQ24 (Tenkasi) Mupidadiumankovil Temple Commercial E-0755051; N-0990388 Ramalingayapuram SH-89: ( Nanguneri- Bharatavaram- Uvari) ANQ25 Govt.school Sensitive E-0801146; N-0932169 ANQ26 School Near Elankulam Village 01.03.14 Sensitive E-0801671; N-0931780 ANQ27 RECT College Vijayanarayanam to Sensitive E-0804184; N-0929798 ANQ28 Medical dispensary 02.03.14 Sensitive E-0804380; N-0929639 ANQ29 School Sevandiapuram Sensitive E-0805726; N-0928513 ANQ30 College Near cross junction of SH-93 04.03.14 Commercial E-0809186; N-0926007 ( Vallure to turchun) to ANQ31 School idaiyankudi village 05.03.14 Sensitive E-0817486; N-0920041 ANQ32 School and Church Uvari Sensitive E-0818630; N-0916245 19 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. 2.2 Presentation and discussions of results Leq day and Leq night, are to be calculated using the monitoring results. Results are to be compared with the CPCB standards. Table: 10. Ambient noise level monitoring Results SH-44: Naduvapatti- Kovilpatti- Ettayapuram Location Classification of area Noise level Leq dB(A) CPCB standard Leq dB(A) Code Day Night Day Night ANQ01 Sensitive 48.8 37.4 50 40 ANQ02 Commercial 59.7 48.6 65 55 ANQ03 Sensitive 48.2 38.7 50 40 ANQ04 Commercial 58.8 50.6 65 55 ANQ05 Residential cum commercial 52.2 42.6 55 45 ANQ06 Commercial 61.4 50.9 65 55 Day time monitoring done from 6.00 am – 10.00 pm Night time monitoring done from 10.00 pm – 6.00 am Discussion of Result: In the case of Noise levels the measured day time M e a n values and hourly values for the period of 6AM to 10 PM at all the points are well below the accepted limits as per specification. The Night time mean values and hourly values for the period of 10 PM to 6 AM at all the points are well below the accepted limits as per specification. 70 60 50 40 30 Day Time 20 Night Time 10 0 ANQ01 ANQ02 ANQ03 ANQ04 ANQ05 ANQ06 Figure 16. 20 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Table: 11. Ambient noise level monitoring Results SH-39: Tirunelveli to Tenkasi Location Classification of area Noise level Leq dB(A) CPCB standard Leq dB(A) Code Day Night Day Night ANQ07 Sensitive 48.7 37.9 50 40 ANQ08 Sensitive 48.3 38.8 50 40 ANQ09 Sensitive 49.5 37.5 50 40 ANQ10 Sensitive 49.1 39.2 50 40 ANQ11 Commercial 58.6 51.7 65 55 ANQ12 Sensitive 49.4 38.9 50 40 ANQ13 Sensitive 49.0 36.8 50 40 ANQ14 Commercial 59.5 52.3 65 55 ANQ15 Sensitive 48.1 36.7 50 40 ANQ16 Sensitive 48.9 37.3 50 40 ANQ17 Sensitive 49.2 38.8 50 40 ANQ18 Commercial 62.8 52.4 65 55 ANQ19 Sensitive 48.7 37.9 50 40 ANQ20 Commercial 62.1 50.6 65 55 ANQ21 Sensitive 49.6 39.0 50 40 ANQ22 Commercial 61.3 50.7 65 55 ANQ23 Commercial 59.8 53.4 65 55 ANQ24 Commercial 62.5 51.2 65 55 Day time monitoring done from 6.00 am – 10.00 pm Night time monitoring done from 10.00 pm – 6.00 am 21 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Discussion of Result: In the case of Noise levels the measured day time M e a n values and hourly values for the period of 6AM to 10 PM at all the points are well below the accepted limits as per specification. The Night time mean values and hourly values for the period of 10 PM to 6 AM at all the points are well below the accepted limits as per specification. 70 60 50 40 30 Day Time 20 10 Night Time 0 Figure 17. Table: 12. Ambient noise level monitoring Results SH-89: ( Nanguneri- Bharatavaram- Uvari) Location Classification of area Noise level Leq dB(A) CPCB standard Leq dB(A) Code Day Night Day Night ANQ25 Sensitive 49.4 37.7 50 40 ANQ26 Sensitive 45.1 36.4 50 40 ANQ27 Sensitive 46.8 35.9 50 40 ANQ28 Sensitive 48.2 37.5 50 40 ANQ29 Sensitive 47.5 38.0 50 40 ANQ30 Commercial 58.7 49.6 65 55 ANQ31 Sensitive 47.6 36.8 50 40 ANQ32 Sensitive 48.8 37.2 50 40 Day time monitoring done from 6.00 am – 10.00 pm Night time monitoring done from 10.00 pm – 6.00 am 22 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Discussion In the case of Noise levels the measured day time M e a n values and hourly values for the period of 6AM to 10 PM at all the points are well below the accepted limits as per specification. The Night time mean values and hourly values for the period of 10 PM to 6 AM at all the points are well below the accepted limits as per specification. 70 60 50 40 30 Day Time Night Time 20 10 0 ANQ25 ANQ26 ANQ27 ANQ28 ANQ29 ANQ30 ANQ31 ANQ32 Figure 18. 23 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. 3. WATER QUALITY MONITORING Essential characteristics and bacteriological parameters for drinking water as per IS: 10500 of 1991 and important pollution indicators as per IS: 2296 -1982 (Class C) are analysed for all the water samples. Sampling and analysis techniques: Parameters for analysis of water quality were selected based on the utility of the particular source of water as per moef guidance. Water samples are collected from seventeen locations, Six surface waters from the pond and river and e leven ground water samples are collected. Samples are collected d i r e c t l y from the source and preserved in one liter can and for microbiological analysis separate 250ml sterilized bottles are used. The collected samples are analysed as per the methods prescribed by APHA and IS 3025. The quality of ground water w a s compared with IS 10500: 1991 for drinking purpose. Surface Water quality water compared with IS 2296 class C limits. Monitoring or sampling locations are tabulated in table 13. Table: 13 water quality monitoring locations Location Name of the Source of water Date of GPS Point (Zone 43) code location and Village Sampling SH-44: Naduvapatti- Kovilpatti- Ettayapuram WQ01 Near Naduvapatti Pond water (Surface E-0800474; N-1022900 Village water) WQ02 Near Naduvapatti Community open well 26.02.2014 E-0800520; N-1022963 Village (Ground water) WQ03 Kovilpatti Hand Pump (Ground E-0814860; N-1015862 water) WQ04 Near Sri Ram Match Water Tank (Ground E-0829707; N-1012900 industries, water) Ettaiyapuram 24 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Locatio Name of the location Source of water Date of GPS Point (Zone 43) n code and Village Sampling SH-39: Tirunelveli to Tenkasi WQ05 Gandhi Nagar Town Hand Pump (Ground water) E-0792707; N-0967771 (Tirunveli) WQ06 Near Sitaparappanallur Earthen Check dam/pond (Surface E-0786456; N-0972452 Village water) 28.02.2014 WQ07 Alangulam Village pond (Surface water) E-0775590; N-0980751 WQ08 Tenkasi Chitar River (Surface water) E-0755153; N-0989922 WQ09 Near Bus stop, Tenkasi Hand Pump (Ground water) E-0753667; N-0991180 WQ10 Near Thagamayil, Tenkasi Bore water (Ground water) E-075681; N-0991317 (Bus stop) WQ11 TVS Bharath Petroleum, Bore water (Ground water) E-0799299; N-0965827 Vannarapatai, Tirunveli SH-89: ( Nanguneri- Bharatavaram- Uvari) WQ12 Elankulam village Pond/Coffer dam (Surface water) E-0801698; N-0931806 WQ13 Vijayanarayanam village Water supply Tank (Ground water) E-0805011; N-0929083 WQ14 Tisaiyanvilai Village Water supply Tank (Ground water) 01.03.2014 E-0815605; N-0922587 WQ15 Km 10.80 Water over head Tank (Ground E-0802390; N-0931129 water) WQ16 Km 12.20 Water over head Tank (Ground E-0804439; N-0929556 water) WQ17 Km 16.6 Pond (Surface water) E-0805853; N-0928425 Table.14 Parametersand methodofAnalysis Sl. No. Parameters Method of Analyis 1. Temperature IS 3025 Part 9 - 1984 (Reaff. 2006), 2. pH @ 25°C IS 3025 Part 11 - 1983 (Reaff. 2006) 3. Turbidity , NTU IS 3025 Part 10 - 1984 (Reaff. 2006) 4. Conductivity 25c (micro mhos/cm) IS:3025/P14/1984 Reaff 2006 5. Colour , Hazen IS 3025 Part 4 - 1983 (Reaff. 2006 6. Odour IS 3025 Part 5 - 1983 (Reaff. 2006) 7. Total Suspended Solids, mg/L IS 3025 Part 17 – 1984 (Reaff.2006) 8. Dissolved Solids [inorganic], mg/L IS 3025 Part 16 - 1984 (Reaff. 2006) 9. Dissolved Oxygen mg/L IS 3025 Part 38 - 1989 (Reaff. 2009) 10. COD, mg/L IS 3025 Part 58 - 2006 25 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Sl. No. Parameters Method of Analyis 11 BOD @ 27°C for 3 days, mg/L IS 3025 Part 44 – 1993 (Reaff. 2009) 12 TKN mg/L IS 3025 Part 34 – 1988 (Reaff. 2009) 13 Total Hardness as CaCO3, mg/L IS 3025 Part 21 - 1983 (Reaff. 2006) 14 Sodium, mg/L IS 3025 Part 45 - 1993 (Reaff. 2009) 15 Potassium, mg/L IS 3025 Part 45 - 1993 (Reaff. 2009) 16 Calcium as Ca, mg/L IS 3025 Part 40 - 1991 (Reaff. 2009) 17 Magnesium as Mg, mg/L IS 3025 Part 46 - 1994 (Reaff. 2009) 18 Ammonia as NH3, mg/L IS 3025 Part 34 - 1988 (Reaff. 2009) 19 Chloride as Cl, mg/L IS 3025 Part 32 - 1988 (Reaff. 2009) 20 Phosphate as PO4, mg/L IS 3025 Part 31 - 1988 (Reaff: 2009) 21 Nitrate as NO3, mg/L IS 3025 Part 34 - 1988 (Reaff. 2009) 22 Fluoride as F, mg/L IS 3025 Part 60 : 2008, 23 Surfactants, mg/L APHA 22nd Edn. 5540 B,C 24 Dissolved Iron as Fe, mg/L IS 3025 Part 53 - 2003 (Reaff.2009) 25 Copper as Cu, mg/L IS 3025 Part 42 - 1992 (Reaff.2009) 26 Sulphate as SO4, mg/L IS 3025 Part 24 - 1986 (Reaff. 2009) 27 Zinc as Zn, mg/L IS 3025 Part 49 - 1994 (Reaff.2009) 28 Arsenic as As, mg/L IS 3025 Part 37 - 1988 (Reaff.2009) 29 Mercury as Hg, mg/L IS 3025 Part 48 - 1994 (Reaff.2009) 30 Lead as Pb, mg/L IS 3025 Part 47 - 1994 (Reaff.2009) 31 Manganese as Mn, mg/L IS 3025 Part 59 – 2006 32 Boron as B, mg/L APHA 22nd Edn. 4500 B/B 33 Chromium as Cr6+, mg/L IS 3025 Part 52 - 2003 (Reaff.2009) 34 Phenolic compounds as IS 3025 Part 43 – 1992 (Reaff.2009) 35 Cadmium as Cd, mg/L IS 3025 Part 41 - 1992 (Reaff.2009) 36 Total Coliform IS:1662 -1981 R.2003 37 Fecal Coliform IS:1662 -1981 R.2003 26 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Table: 15 Presentationand discussions of results SH-44: Naduvapatti- Kovilpatti- Ettayapuram Sl. Parameters Units WQ01 WQ02 WQ03 WQ04 IS:10500 IS:2296 No (SW) (GW) (GW) (GW) Desirable Class C limits limits 1 Temperature °C 29 28 29 29 -- -- 2 pH @ 25°C - 7.63 7.72 7.83 7.72 6.5 - 8.5 6.5 - 8.5 3 Turbidity NTU 183 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 5 -- 4 Conductivity 25c µmhos/cm 256 727 173 6390 -- -- 5 Colour Hazen 23 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 5 300 6 Odour Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable -- 7 Total Suspended mg/L 30 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 -- -- Solids 8 Dissolved Solids mg/L 161 458 109 4026 500 1500 [inorganic] 9 Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 7.3 7.6 7.8 7.7 -- Min 4.0 10 COD mg/L 18 10 BDL (DL:4.0) 8.0 -- -- 11 BOD @ 27°C for 3 mg/L 5.40 3.0 BDL (DL:2.0) 2.40 -- 3.0 days 12 TKN mg/L BDL (DL:1.0) 1.12 BDL (DL:1.0) 3.82 -- -- 13 Total Hardness as mg/L 120 253 72 1452 300 -- CaCO3, 14 Sodium mg/L 4.7 20 3.75 228 -- -- 15 Potassium mg/L 1.64 5.10 1.25 51 -- -- 16 Calcium as Ca mg/L 38 73 19 396 75 -- 17 Magnesium as Mg mg/L 6.0 17 6.0 111 -- -- 18 Ammonia as NH3 mg/L BDL (DL :0.1) BDL(DL:1.0) BDL (DL:1.0) BDL (DL:1.0) -- -- 19 Chloride as Cl mg/L 14 60 15 913 250 600 20 Sulphate as SO4 mg/L 20 34 4.0 1975 200 400 21 Phosphate as P mg/L 0.16 0.27 0.12 0.24 -- -- 22 Nitrate as NO3 mg/L 2.64 1.04 BDL 32 45 50 23 mg/L (DL:0.5) BDL (DL:0.1) BDL (DL:0.1) BDL (DL:0.1) Fluoride as F 0.33 1.0 1.5 24 Surfactants mg/L Absent Absent Absent Absent 0.2 1.0 27 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Sl. Parameters Units SH-44: Naduvapatti- Kovilpatti- Ettayapuram IS:10500 IS:2296 No WQ01 WQ02 WQ03 WQ04 Desirabl Class C e limits limits (SW) (GW) (GW) (GW) 25 Total Iron as Fe mg/L 1.23 0.09 0.06 0.08 0.3 50 26 Copper as Cu mg/L BDL (DL : 0.01) BDL (DL : 0.01) BDL (DL : 0.01) BDL (DL : 0.01) 0.05 1.5 27 Zinc as Zn mg/L BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) 5.0 15 28 Arsenic as As mg/L BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) 0.05 0.2 29 Mercury as Hg mg/L BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) 0.001 -- 30 Lead as Pb mg/L BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.01) BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.1) 0.05 0.1 31 Manganese as Mn mg/L BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) 0.1 -- 32 Boron as B mg/L 2.08 0.87 0.28 8.46 1.0 -- 33 Chromium as Cr mg/L BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) 0.05 0.05 34 Phenolic mg/L BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) 0.001 0.005 compounds as 35 Cadmium as Cd mg/L BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) 0.01 0.01 MPN/100ml 36 Total Coliform 350 Absence Absence Absence Absence 5000 MPN/100ml 37 Fecal Coliform 48 Absence Absence Absence Absence -- Results and Discussion: (SH-44: Naduvapatti- Kovilpatti- Ettayapuram) Surface water samples collected from one location of WQ 01, all parameters should meet the standards IS 2296 Class C, except the BOD Parameter. Ground water samples collected from three locations WQ 02, WQ 03, & WQ 04.In this ground water samples collected from locations WQ 02, WQ 03, all parameters are well within the limits stipulated b y I S 10500 desirable limits f o r drinking purposes. In Ground water sample location of WQ 04, all parameters are within the limits stipulated b y IS 10500 desirable limits, except parameters TDS, Total Harness, Calcium, Chloride, Sulphate & Boron .Hence ground water sample WQ 04, should not meet the standards IS 10500 desirable limits. 28 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Table: 16 Presentation and discussions of results SH-39: Tirunelveli to Tenkasi Sl. Parameters Units WQ05 WQ06 WQ07 WQ08 IS:10500 IS:2296 No (GW) (SW) (SW) (SW) Desirable Class C limits limits 1 Temperature °C 29 29 28 29 -- -- 2 pH @ 25°C - 7.66 8.06 7.18 7.19 6.5 - 8.5 6.5 - 8.5 3 Turbidity NTU <0.5 3035 17.9 16.2 5 -- 4 Conductivity 25c µmhos/cm 1378 152 1533 842 -- -- 5 Colour Hazen <1.0 70 32 8.0 5 300 6 Odour Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable -- 7 Total Suspended mg/L <1.0 120 21 12 -- -- Solids 8 Dissolved Solids mg/L 915 99 1012 554 500 1500 [inorganic] 9 Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 7.6 6.7 6.1 7.2 -- Min 4.0 10 COD mg/L 9.0 69 152 16 -- -- 11 BOD @ 27°C for 3 mg/L 2.34 14 22 5.12 -- 3.0 days 12 TKN mg/L 1.21 1.26 2.13 1.32 -- -- 13 Total Hardness as mg/L 486 62 492 290 300 -- CaCO3 14 Sodium mg/L 52 6.29 71 24 -- -- 15 Potassium mg/L 15 2.09 19 6.0 -- -- 16 Calcium as Ca mg/L 119 19 106 75 75 -- 17 Magnesium as Mg mg/L 45 3.6 55 25 -- -- 18 Ammonia as NH3 mg/L BDL (DL : 1.0) BDL (DL : 1.0) BDL (DL : 1.0) BDL (DL : 1.0) -- -- 19 Chloride as Cl mg/L 157 22 213 83 250 600 20 Sulphate as SO4 mg/L 46 15 316 21 200 400 21 Phosphate as P mg/L 0.18 0.12 1.5 0.37 -- -- 22 Nitrate as NO3 mg/L 3.2 BDL (DL : 0.92 1.20 45 50 23 Fluoride as F mg/L 0.37 0.5) BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.1) 0.27 1.0 1.5 24 Surfactants mg/L Absent Absent Absent Absent 0.2 1.0 25 Total Iron as Fe mg/L 0.06 1.12 0.57 0.93 0.3 50 26 Copper as Cu mg/L BDL (DL : 0.01) BDL (DL : 0.01) BDL (DL : 0.01) BDL (DL : 0.01) 0.05 1.5 27 Zinc as Zn mg/L BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) 5.0 15 29 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Table: 16 Presentation and discussions of results SH-39: Tirunelveli to Tenkasi Sl. Parameters Units SH-39: Tirunelveli to Tenkasi IS:10500 IS:2296 No WQ05 WQ06 WQ07 WQ08 Desirable Class C (GW) (SW) (SW) (SW) limits limits 28 Arsenic as As mg/L BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) 0.05 0.2 29 Mercury as Hg mg/L BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) 0.001 -- 30 Lead as Pb mg/L BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.1) 0.05 0.1 31 Manganese as Mn mg/L BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) 0.1 -- 32 Boron as B mg/L 2.27 BDL (DL : 0.1) 0.62 0.68 1.0 -- 33 Chromium as Cr mg/L BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) 0.05 0.05 34 Phenolic mg/L BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) 0.001 0.005 compounds as 35 Cadmium as Cd mg/L BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) 0.01 0.01 36 Total Coliform MPN/100ml Absence 950 1270 450 Absence 5000 37 Fecal Coliform MPN/100m Absence 140 190 60 Absence -- Table: 16 Presentation and discussions of results SH-39: Tirunelveli to Tenkasi Sl. Parameters Units SH-39: Tirunelveli to Tenkasi IS:10500 IS:2296 No WQ09 WQ10 WQ11 Desirable Class C (GW) (GW) (GW) limits limits 1 Temperature °C 29 29 28 -- -- 2 pH @ 25°C - 7.32 7.69 7.71 6.5 - 8.5 6.5 - 8.5 3 Turbidity NTU <0.5 0.9 4.4 5 -- 4 Conductivity 25c µmhos/cm 1312 1743 2150 -- -- 5 Colour Hazen <1.0 <1.0 5.0 5 300 6 Odour Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable -- 7 Total Suspended mg/L <1.0 2.0 13 -- -- Solids 8 Dissolved Solids mg/L 866 1150 1420 500 1500 [inorganic] 9 Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 7.1 7.0 6.3 -- Min 4.0 10 COD mg/L 10 12 78 -- -- 30 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Table: 16 Presentation and discussions of results SH-39: Tirunelveli to Tenkasi Sl. Parameters Units SH-39: Tirunelveli to Tenkasi IS:10500 IS:2296 No WQ09 WQ10 WQ11 Desirable Class C limits limits (GW) (GW) (GW) 11 BOD @ 27°C for 3 mg/L 3.0 3.6 24.9 -- 3.0 days 12 TKN mg/L 1.11 1.13 1.15 -- -- 13 Total Hardness as mg/L 363 511 824 300 -- CaCO3, 14 Sodium mg/L 31 69 110 -- -- 15 Potassium mg/L 7.75 17 28 -- -- 16 Calcium as Ca mg/L 87 92 143 75 -- 17 Magnesium as Mg mg/L 35 67 112 -- -- 18 Ammonia as NH3 mg/L BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.1) -- -- 19 Chloride as Cl mg/L 109 243 467 250 600 20 Sulphate as SO4 mg/L 61 92 28 200 400 21 Phosphate as P mg/L 0.61 0.27 0.13 -- -- 22 Nitrate as NO3 mg/L 1.87 1.98 2.06 45 50 23 Fluoride as F mg/L 0.12 0.23 0.21 1.0 1.5 24 Surfactants mg/L Absent Absent Absent 0.2 1.0 25 Total Iron as Fe mg/L 0.10 0.06 1.03 0.3 50 26 Copper as Cu mg/L BDL (DL : 0.01) BDL (DL : 0.01) BDL (DL : 0.01) 0.05 1.5 27 Zinc as Zn mg/L BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) 5.0 15 28 Arsenic as As mg/L BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) 0.05 0.2 29 Mercury as Hg mg/L BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) 0.001 -- 30 Lead as Pb mg/L BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.01) BDL (DL : 0.1) 0.05 0.1 31 Manganese as Mn mg/L BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) 0.1 -- 32 Boron as B mg/L 3.22 3.26 BDL (DL : 0.1) 1.0 -- 33 Chromium as Cr mg/L BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) 0.05 0.05 34 Phenolic mg/L BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) 0.001 0.005 compounds as 35 C H OH as Cd Cadmium mg/L BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) 0.01 0.01 Total Coliform MPN/100ml 36 Absence Absence Absence Absence 5000 MPN/100ml 37 Fecal Coliform Absence Absence Absence Absence -- 31 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Results and Discussion: (SH-39: Tirunelveli to Tenkasi) Surface water samples collected from three location of WQ 06, WQ 07 & WQ 08, all parameters should meet the standards IS 2296 Class C ,except the BOD Parameter. Ground water samples collected from four locations WQ 05, WQ 09, WQ 10, & WQ 11.In this ground water samples collected from locations WQ 05, WQ 09 & WQ 10 all parameters are within the limits stipulated b y I S 10500 desirable limits, except parameters TDS, TH, Ca and boron. In Ground water sample location of WQ11 Sample all parameters are within the limits stipulated b y I S 10500 desirable limits, except parameters TDS, TH, Ca, Cl and Fe. Ground water samples WQ 05, WQ 09, WQ 10, & WQ 11 should not meet the standards IS 10500 desirable limits f o r drinking purposes. Table: 17 Presentation and discussions of results SH-89: ( Nanguneri- Bharatavaram- Uvari) Sl. Parameters Units WQ12 WQ13 WQ14 WQ15 IS:10500 IS:2296 No (SW) (GW) (GW) (GW) Desirable Class C limits limits 1 Temperature °C 29 29 28 29 -- -- 2 pH @ 25°C - 7.96 7.95 7.84 8.01 6.5 - 8.5 6.5 - 8.5 3 Turbidity NTU 5.3 4.4 2.9 <0.5 5 -- 4 Conductivity 25c µmhos/cm 178 181 195 1038 -- -- 5 Colour Hazen 3.0 4.0 <1.0 <1.0 5 300 6 Odour Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable -- 7 Total Suspended mg/L 2.8 2.9 1.7 <1.0 -- -- Solids 8 Dissolved Solids mg/L 112 114 123 484 500 1500 [inorganic] 9 Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 7.4 7.5 7.3 7.1 -- Min 4.0 10 COD mg/L BDL (DL : 4.0) BDL (DL : 4.0) BDL (DL : 4.0) BDL (DL : 4.0) -- -- 32 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Table: 17 Presentation and discussions of results SH-89: ( Nanguneri- Bharatavaram- Uvari) Sl. Parameters Units SH-89: ( Nanguneri- Bharatavaram- Uvari) IS:10500 IS:2296 No WQ12 WQ13 WQ14 WQ15 Desirable Class C limits limits (SW) (GW) (GW) (GW) 11 BOD @ 27°C for 3 mg/L BDL (DL : 2.0) BDL (DL : 2.0) BDL (DL : 2.0) BDL (DL : 2.0) -- 3.0 ays 12 TKN mg/L BDL (DL : 1.0) BDL (DL : 1.0) BDL (DL : 1.0) BDL (DL : 1.0) -- -- 13 Total Hardness as mg/L 70 78 82 293 300 -- CaCO3 14 Sodium mg/L 4.67 4.0 5.0 63 -- -- 15 Potassium mg/L 1.62 2.9 1.42 22 -- -- 16 Calcium as Ca mg/L 21 21 23 63 75 -- 17 Magnesium as Mg mg/L 4.32 6.5 5.86 33 -- -- 18 Ammonia as NH3 mg/L BDL (DL : 1.0) BDL (DL : 1.0) BDL (DL : 1.0) BDL (DL : 1.0) -- -- 19 Chloride as Cl mg/L 14 13 15 189 250 600 20 Sulphate as SO4 mg/L 1.5 1.4 2.6 53 200 400 21 Phosphate as P mg/L BDL (DL : 0.01) 0.08 0.09 0.14 -- -- 22 Nitrate as NO3 mg/L 0.53 0.55 0.65 2.2 45 50 23 Fluoride as F mg/L BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.1) 0.13 1.0 1.5 24 Surfactants mg/L Absent Absent Absent Absent 0.2 1.0 25 Total Iron as Fe mg/L 0.10 0.28 0.09 0.07 0.3 50 26 Copper as Cu mg/L BDL (DL : 0.01) BDL (DL : 0.01) BDL (DL : 0.01) BDL (DL : 0.01) 0.05 1.5 27 Zinc as Zn mg/L BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) 5.0 15 28 Arsenic as As mg/L BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) 0.05 0.2 29 Mercury as Hg mg/L BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) 0.001 -- 30 Lead as Pb mg/L BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.1) 0.05 0.1 31 Manganese as Mn mg/L BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) 0.1 -- 32 Boron as B mg/L BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.1) 0.54 1.0 -- 33 Chromium as Cr mg/L BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) 0.05 0.05 34 Phenolic mg/L BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) 0.001 0.005 compounds as 35 C H OH as Cd Cadmium mg/L BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) 0.01 0.01 36 Total Coliform MPN/100ml 326 Absence Absence Absence Absence 5000 37 Fecal Coliform MPN/100ml 38 Absence Absence Absence Absence -- 33 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Table: 17 Presentation and discussions of results SH-89: ( Nanguneri- Bharatavaram- Uvari) Sl. Parameters Units SH-89: ( Nanguneri Bharatavaram- Uvari) IS:10500 IS:2296 Class No Desirable C WQ16 WQ17 limits limits (GW) (SW) 1 Temperature °C 28 29 -- -- 2 pH @ 25°C - 7.57 7.96 6.5 - 8.5 6.5 - 8.5 3 Turbidity NTU <0.5 5.4 5 -- 4 Conductivity 25c µmhos/cm 851 187 -- -- 5 Colour Hazen <1.0 6.0 5 300 6 Odour Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable -- 7 Total Suspended mg/L <1.0 2.4 -- -- Solids 8 Dissolved Solids mg/L 478 118 500 1500 [inorganic] 9 Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 7.4 6.9 -- Min 4.0 10 COD mg/L BDL (DL : 4.0) BDL (DL : 4.0) -- -- 11 BOD @ 27°C for 3 mg/L BDL (DL : 2.0) BDL (DL : 2.0) -- 3.0 days 12 TKN mg/L BDL (DL : 1.0) BDL (DL : 1.0) -- -- 13 Total Hardness as mg/L 288 82 300 -- CaCO3, 14 Sodium mg/L 68 5.0 -- -- 15 Potassium mg/L 23 1.6 -- -- 16 Calcium as Ca mg/L 99 20 75 -- 17 Magnesium as Mg mg/L 19 7.92 -- -- 18 Ammonia as NH3 mg/L BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.1) -- -- 19 Chloride as Cl mg/L 203 15 250 600 20 Sulphate as SO4 mg/L 25 3.8 200 400 21 Phosphate as P mg/L 0.06 0.05 -- -- 22 Nitrate as NO3 mg/L 2.64 0.53 45 50 23 Fluoride as F mg/L 0.12 BDL (DL : 0.1) 1.0 1.5 24 Surfactants mg/L Absent Absent 0.2 1.0 34 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Table: 17 Presentation and discussions of results SH-89: ( Nanguneri- Bharatavaram- Uvari) Sl. Parameters Units SH-89: ( Nanguneri Bharatavaram- Uvari) IS:10500 IS:2296 No Desirable Class C WQ16 WQ17 limits limits (GW) (SW) 25 Total Iron as Fe mg/L 0.09 0.12 0.3 50 26 Copper as Cu mg/L BDL (DL : 0.01) BDL (DL : 0.01) 0.05 1.5 27 Zinc as Zn mg/L BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) 5.0 15 28 Arsenic as As mg/L BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) 0.05 0.2 29 Mercury as Hg mg/L BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) 0.001 -- 30 Lead as Pb mg/L BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.01) 0.05 0.1 31 Manganese as Mn mg/L BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) 0.1 -- 32 Boron as B mg/L 0.86 BDL (DL : 0.1) 1.0 -- 33 Chromium as Cr mg/L BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) 0.05 0.05 34 Phenolic mg/L BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) 0.001 0.005 compounds as 35 Cadmium as Cd mg/L BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) 0.01 0.01 36 Total Coliform MPN/100 Absence 862 Absence 5000 37 ml MPN/100 Absence Fecal Coliform 134 Absence -- ml Results and Discussion: (Nanguneri Bharatavaram- Uvari) Surface water collected from the two locations (WQ12 & WQ17) should m e e t the standards IS 2296 Class C surface water. Ground water f r o m four locations WQ13, WQ14, WQ15 & WQ16 are well within the limits stipulated b y I S 10500 for drinking purposes. 35 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. 4. SOIL CHARACTERISTICS Soil samples are collected from the preferred location and analyzed as per the standard methods prescribed by Central Pollution Control Board. Table: 18 Soil Location Details Location Name of the location Land Use Date of GPS Point (Zone 43) code and village Sampling SH-44: Naduvapatti- Kovilpatti- Ettayapuram SQ1 Naduvapatti Village Agriculture and open land 26.02.2014 E-0801187; N-1022885 SQ2 Mathupuram Agriculture land E-0825722; N-1012709 SH-39: Tirunelveli to Tenkasi SQ3 Uganthampattai Agriculture land E-0786246; N-0974339 SQ4 Ramachanrachatram /RC Open land 27.02.2014 E-0758533; N-0987767 pattinam SQ5 Alangulam village (pond Agriculture land E-0775335; N-0980899 opposite land) SH-89: ( Nanguneri- Bharatavaram- Uvari) SQ6 Subramanyapuram Agriculture land E-0799648; N-0934023 SQ7 Sevandiapuram Agriculture land 01.03.2014 E-0806051; N-0928278 SQ8 Idaiyangudi Open land E-0817478; N-0919425 Table: 19 Desirable Soil Quality Sl. No. Parameters Desirable Range 1. pH ( 10% solution ) 5.5-9.0 2. Conductivity 0.2- 0.5 mmhos/cm 3. Sand, Silt, Clay --- 4. Texture -- 5. Moisture Retention capacity -- 6. Moisture 7. Infiltration rate -- 8. Organic matter -- 9. Nitrogen 0.01-0.02 % 10. Potassium >0.01% 11. Phosphorous -- 12. Sulphates -- 13. Sodium Sulphate -- 14. Calcium Sulphate -- 15. Oil and grease -- 36 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Table: 20 Presentationand discussions of results (SH-44: Naduvapatti- Kovilpatti- Ettayapuram) Sl. No. Parameters Unit SQ1 SQ2 1. pH ( 10% solution ) -- 7.65 7.91 2. Conductivity mmhos/cm 0.254 0.229 3. Sand % 90 60 Silt % 10 40 Clay % -- -- 4 Texture Sand Soil Sand Soil 5. Moisture Retention % 2.12 1.20 capacity 6. % 7.64 3.61 Moisture 7. Infiltration rate mm/hr 1.7 1.6 8. Organic matter % 0.1012 0.014 9. Nitrogen % 0.0169 0.0172 10. Potassium % 0.0142 0.0114 11. Phosphorous % 0.0034 0.0029 12. Sulphates % 0.0084 0.0262 13. Sodium Sulphate % 0.0119 0.0302 14. Calcium Sulphate % 0.0141 0.0386 15. Oil and grease % <1.0 <1.0 Results and Discussions The soil sample does not show much variation in characteristics. The pH of the soil from the locations are neutral it range from 7.65-7.91, the conductivity in all locations does not show much variations it varies from 0.229-0.254. 37 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Table: 21 Presentationand discussions of results (SH-39: Tirunelveli to Tenkasi) Sl. No. Parameters Unit SQ3 SQ4 SQ5 1. pH ( 10% solution ) -- 7.99 7.45 7.63 2. Conductivity mmhos/cm 0.282 0.204 0.346 3. Sand % 85 90 30 Silt % 5 10 10 Clay % 10 -- 60 4 Texture Sand Soil Sand Soil Clay Soil 5. Moisture Retention % 2.43 0.42 6.56 capacity 6. % 6.74 1.26 19.67 Moisture 7. Infiltration rate mm/hr 2.0 1.7 1.8 8. Organic matter % 0.126 0.113 0.114 9. Nitrogen % 0.0141 0.0124 0.0163 10. Potassium % 0.0136 0.0172 0.0125 11. Phosphorous % 0.0036 0.0019 0.0032 12. Sulphates % 0.0099 0.0081 0.0138 13. Sodium Sulphate % 0.0115 0.0116 0.0171 14. Calcium Sulphate % 0.0181 0.0093 0.022 15. Oil and grease % <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 Results and Discussions The soil sample does not show much variation in characteristics. The pH of the soil from all the locations are neutral it varies from 7 .45 - 7.99, the conductivity in all locations does not show much variations it varies from 0.204-0.346. 38 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Table: 22 Presentationand discussions of results (SH-89: Nanguneri- Bharatavaram- Uvari) Sl. No. Parameters Unit SQ6 SQ7 SQ8 1. pH ( 10% solution ) -- 7.91 7.84 7.67 2. Conductivity mmhos/cm 0.274 0.269 0.416 3. Sand % 80 70 60 Silt % 20 20 40 Clay % -- 10 -- 4 Texture Sand Soil Sand Soil Sand Soil 5. Moisture Retention % 1.76 0.45 0.036 capacity 6. % 5.29 1.34 0.108 Moisture 7. Infiltration rate mm/hr 1.9 1.8 1.8 8. Organic matter % 0.1014 0.1043 0.1019 9. Nitrogen % 0.0121 0.0138 0.0185 10. Potassium % 0.0148 0.0154 0.0172 11. Phosphorous % 0.0041 0.0039 0.0053 12. Sulphates % 0.0135 0.0081 0.0189 13. Sodium Sulphate % 0.0188 0.0141 0.0222 14. Calcium Sulphate % 0.0217 0.0163 0.2714 15. Oil and grease % <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 Results and Discussions The soil sample does not show much variation in characteristics. The pH of the soil from all the locations are neutral it varies from 7 .67 -7.91, the conductivity in all locations does not show much variations it varies from 0.269- 0.416. 39 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. ANNEXURE 1- PHOTOGRAPHS NH-44:Naduvapatti-Kovilpatti- Ettayapuram  Ambient Air Monitoring Photos: AAQ 01 AAQ 02 AAQ 03 AAQ 04  Noise Monitoring Photos: ANQ 01 ANQ 02 40 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD.  Noise Monitoring Photos: ANQ 03 ANQ 04 ANQ 05 ANQ 06  Water sampling Photos: WQ 01 WQ 02 41 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD.  Water sampling Photos: WQ 03 WQ 04  Soil sampling Photos: SQ 01 SQ 02 42 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. NH-39: Tirunelveli to Tenkasi  Ambient Air Monitoring Photos: AAQ 05 AAQ 06 AAQ 07 AAQ 08 AAQ 09 AAQ 10 AAQ 11 43 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD.  Noise Monitoring Photos: ANQ 07 ANQ 08 ANQ 10 ANQ 09 ANQ 11 ANQ 12 ANQ 13 ANQ 14 44 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD.  Noise Monitoring Photos: ANQ 15 ANQ 16 ANQ 17 ANQ 18 ANQ 19 ANQ 20 ANQ 21 ANQ 22 45 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD.  Noise Monitoring Photos: ANQ 23 ANQ 24  Water sampling Photos: WQ 05 WQ 06 WQ 07 WQ 08 WQ 09 WQ 10 46 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD.  Water sampling Photos: WQ 11  Soil sampling Photos: SQ 03 SQ 04 SQ 05 47 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. NH-89: ( Nanguneri- Bharatavaram- Uvari)  Ambient Air Monitoring Photos: AAQ 12 AAQ 13 AAQ 14 AAQ 15  Noise Monitoring Photos: ANQ 25 ANQ 26 48 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD.  Noise Monitoring Photos: ANQ 27 ANQ 28 ANQ 29 ANQ 30 ANQ 31 ANQ 32 49 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD.  Water sampling Photos: WQ 12 WQ 14 WQ 13 WQ 15 WQ 16 WQ 17  Soil sampling Photos: SQ 07 50 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD.  Soil sampling Photos: SQ 08 SQ 09  Site Visit photos of SMEC 51 Mar2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. - SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description School and temple at Naduvapatti (AAQ 01) Survey Conducted by GCSPL Survey Sample Test Completed Time (24 Hrs) P.M10 P.M2.5 SO2 NOX CO (8 hr) conducted on Received on on 26.02.2014 to 28.02.2014 01.03.2014 07.30 to 07.30 39.6 15.4 6.4 14.7 0.80 27.02.2014 03.03.2014 to 05.03.2014 06.03.2014 11.15 to 11.15 38.1 13.7 5.9 15.4 0.75 04.03.2014 07.03.2014 to 09.03.2014 10.03.2014 09.30 to 09.30 39.4 14.6 4.7 13.8 0.80 08.03.2014 10.03.2014 to 12.03.2014 13.03.2014 17.00 to 17.00 40.6 15 6.2 14.1 0.75 11.03.2014 09.10 to 17.10 39.8 14.03.2014 to 16.03.2014 17.03.2014 17.10 to 01.10 31.7 15.9 5.6 13 0.80 15.03.2014 01.10 to 09.10 33.1 18.15 to 02.15 34.4 17.03.2014 to 19.03.2014 20.03.2014 02.15 to 10.15 28.7 13.2 5.3 16.2 0.90 18.03.2014 10.15 to 18.15 38.8 09.15 to 17.15 38.6 21.03.2014 to 22.03.2014 24.03.2014 17.15 to 01.15 32.2 14.9 6.8 14.1 0.85 22.03.2014 01.15 to 09.15 34.1 17.00 to 01.00 36.9 24.03.2014 to 26.03.2014 27.03.2014 01.00 to 09.00 29.1 14.4 5.5 13.9 0.75 25.03.2014 09.00 to 17.00 38.4 Total Average Results 35.8 14.6 5.8 14.4 0.80 Unit µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 mg/m3 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Temple at Nakkalamuttampatti Village (AAQ 02) Survey Conducted by GCSPL Survey Sample Test Completed Time (24 Hrs) P.M10 P.M2.5 SO2 NOX CO (8 hr) conducted on Received on on 26.02.2014 to 28.02.2014 01.03.2014 07.45 to 07.45 43.3 16.7 6.9 14.9 0.85 27.02.2014 03.03.2014 to 05.03.2014 06.03.2014 11.30 to 11.30 42.7 18.9 7.1 16.5 0.90 04.03.2014 07.03.2014 to 09.03.2014 10.03.2014 09.45 to 09.45 44 17.5 6.5 15.7 0.95 08.03.2014 10.03.2014 to 12.03.2014 13.03.2014 17.15 to 17.15 41.9 15.8 5.2 17.3 0.90 11.03.2014 09.25 to 17.25 43.4 14.03.2014 to 16.03.2014 17.03.2014 17.25 to 01.25 36.3 17.1 6.4 15.9 0.80 15.03.2014 01.25 to 09.25 38.8 18.30 to 02.30 36.5 17.03.2014 to 19.03.2014 20.03.2014 02.30 to 10.30 33.2 18.4 7.7 16.4 0.75 18.03.2014 10.30 to 18.30 42.1 09.30 to 17.30 44.6 21.03.2014 to 22.03.2014 24.03.2014 17.30 to 01.30 37.2 16.3 7.3 15.6 0.85 22.03.2014 01.30 to 09.30 39.3 17.15 to 01.15 35.4 24.03.2014 to 26.03.2014 27.03.2014 01.15 to 09.15 32.6 18 6.6 16.8 0.80 25.03.2014 09.15 to 17.15 40.8 Total Average Results 39.5 17.3 6.7 16.1 0.85 Unit µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 mg/m3 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Cross junction of NH-7 at Kovilpatti Municipal Area (AAQ 03) Survey Conducted by GCSPL Survey Sample Test Completed CO (8 Time (24 Hrs) P.M10 P.M2.5 SO2 NOX conducted on Received on on hr) 26.02.2014 to 28.02.2014 01.03.2014 08.00 to 08.00 49.2 19.9 8.1 16.9 0.90 27.02.2014 03.03.2014 to 05.03.2014 06.03.2014 11.45 to 11.45 47.4 22.4 7.6 18.4 1.00 04.03.2014 07.03.2014 to 09.03.2014 10.03.2014 10.00 to 10.00 48.6 19.1 6.6 15.9 0.95 08.03.2014 10.03.2014 to 12.03.2014 13.03.2014 16.45 to 16.45 48.1 20.5 6.9 18.6 1.00 11.03.2014 09.45 to 17.45 47.3 14.03.2014 to 16.03.2014 17.03.2014 17.45 to 01.45 39.9 18.7 7.4 17.1 0.95 15.03.2014 01.45 to 09.45 42.2 18.00 to 02.00 44.6 17.03.2014 to 19.03.2014 20.03.2014 02.00 to 10.00 38.2 20.2 8 18.2 0.90 18.03.2014 10.00 to 18.00 46.4 09.45 to 17.45 48 21.03.2014 to 22.03.2014 24.03.2014 17.45 to 01.45 37.7 19.3 7.3 16.5 1.00 22.03.2014 01.45 to 09.45 41.3 17.30 to 01.30 43.7 24.03.2014 to 26.03.2014 27.03.2014 01.30 to 09.30 38.3 21 8.2 16.8 0.90 25.03.2014 09.30 to 17.30 46.5 Total Average Results 44.2 20.1 7.5 17.3 0.95 3 3 3 3 3 Unit µg/m µg/m µg/m µg/m mg/m For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Near Mahakavibharathiyar memorial Near Ettayapuram (AAQ 04) Survey Conducted by GCSPL Survey Sample Test Completed Time (24 Hrs) P.M10 P.M2.5 SO2 NOX CO (8 hr) conducted on Received on on 26.02.2014 to 28.02.2014 01.03.2014 08.40 to 08.40 42.9 19 6.9 16.8 0.85 27.02.2014 03.03.2014 to 05.03.2014 06.03.2014 12.00 to 12.00 43.5 17.7 7.4 17.2 0.90 04.03.2014 07.03.2014 to 09.03.2014 10.03.2014 10.45 to 10.45 41.9 20 8 16.5 0.95 08.03.2014 10.03.2014 to 12.03.2014 13.03.2014 17.45 to 17.45 44.7 19.4 5.9 17.9 1.00 11.03.2014 10.20 to 18.20 42.4 14.03.2014 to 16.03.2014 17.03.2014 18.20 to 02.20 37.9 16.8 6.2 15.6 0.75 15.03.2014 02.20 to 10.20 39.3 19.00 to 03.00 41.2 17.03.2014 to 19.03.2014 20.03.2014 03.00 to 11.00 38.4 18.7 7.6 17.4 1.00 18.03.2014 10.00 to 19.00 43.6 10.15 to 18.15 43.3 21.03.2014 to 22.03.2014 24.03.2014 18.15 to 02.15 38.6 19.8 7.1 16.7 0.80 22.03.2014 02.15 to 10.15 40.7 18.00 to 02.00 41.8 24.03.2014 to 26.03.2014 27.03.2014 02.00 to 10.00 39.6 19.1 7.5 17.3 0.95 25.03.2014 10.00 to 18.00 42.9 Total Average Results 41.4 18.8 7.1 16.9 0.90 3 3 3 3 3 Unit µg/m µg/m µg/m µg/m mg/m For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description School near Elankulam Village (AAQ 12) Survey Conducted by GCSPL Survey Sample Test Completed Time (24 Hrs) P.M10 P.M2.5 SO2 NOX CO (8 hr) conducted on Received on on 01.03.2014 to 03.03.2014 04.03.2014 07.15 to 07.15 36.3 16.7 6.5 15.9 0.90 02.03.2014 04.03.2014 to 06.03.2014 07.03.2014 14.30 to 14.30 34.9 14.9 7.6 14.8 0.80 05.03.2014 08.03.2014 to 10.03.2014 11.03.2014 13.00 to 13.00 35.6 15.5 7 15.4 0.75 09.03.2014 11.03.2014 to 13.03.2014 14.03.2014 19.30 to 19.30 34.7 16.2 6.2 15.7 0.85 12.03.2014 12.40 to 20.40 38.4 15.03.2014 to 17.03.2014 18.03.2014 20.40 to 04.40 32.2 16.1 7.2 14.9 0.95 16.03.2014 04.40 to 12.40 36.7 21.40 to 05.40 31.6 18.03.2014 to 20.03.2014 21.03.2014 05.40 to 13.40 33.2 15.7 6.9 16.2 0.85 19.03.2014 13.40 to 21.40 37.3 12.30 to 20.30 35.8 22.03.2014 to 24.03.2014 25.03.2014 20.30 to 04.30 30.6 16.3 5.8 15.2 0.80 23.03.2014 04.30 to 12.30 33.4 20.15 to 04.15 30.7 25.03.2014 to 27.03.2014 28.03.2014 04.15 to 12.15 32.6 15 7.1 14.3 0.90 26.03.2014 12.15 to 20.15 37.9 Total Average Results 34.5 15.8 6.8 15.3 0.85 Unit µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 mg/m3 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description RECT College Vijayanarayanam (AAQ 13) Survey Conducted by GCSPL Survey Sample Test Completed Time (24 Hrs) P.M10 P.M2.5 SO2 NOX CO (8 hr) conducted on Received on on 01.03.2014 to 03.03.2014 04.03.2014 07.30 to 07.30 37.2 17.5 5.4 16.2 0.70 02.03.2014 04.03.2014 to 06.03.2014 07.03.2014 14.45 to 14.45 36.9 16.9 6.1 15.6 0.90 05.03.2014 08.03.2014 to 10.03.2014 11.03.2014 13.15 to 13.15 38.1 18.2 5.8 15.9 0.85 09.03.2014 11.03.2014 to 13.03.2014 14.03.2014 19.50 to 19.50 39.3 17.7 6.5 16 0.75 12.03.2014 12.50 to 20.50 37.6 15.03.2014 to 17.03.2014 18.03.2014 20.50 to 04.50 31.9 15.8 6.7 15.1 0.85 16.03.2014 04.50 to 12.50 35.8 22.00 to 06.00 32.4 18.03.2014 to 20.03.2014 21.03.2014 06.00 to 14.00 35.5 16.2 5.5 16.4 0.80 19.03.2014 14.00 to 22.00 39.2 12.45 to 20.45 38.8 22.03.2014 to 24.03.2014 25.03.2014 20.45 to 04.45 32 17.5 6.6 15.7 0.70 23.03.2014 04.45 to 12.45 35.3 20.30 to 04.30 33.2 25.03.2014 to 27.03.2014 28.03.2014 04.30 to 12.30 36.4 17 6.2 15.5 0.85 26.03.2014 12.30 to 20.30 39.8 Total Average Results 36.2 17.1 6.1 15.8 0.80 Unit µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 mg/m3 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description College near cross junction of SH-93 (Vallure to turchun) (AAQ 14) Survey Conducted by GCSPL Survey Sample Test Completed Time (24 Hrs) P.M10 P.M2.5 SO2 NOX CO (8 hr) conducted on Received on on 01.03.2014 to 03.03.2014 04.03.2014 07.45 to 07.45 43.6 20.4 8.2 16.4 1.00 02.03.2014 04.03.2014 to 06.03.2014 07.03.2014 15.10 to 15.10 44.8 18.8 6.9 17.2 0.90 05.03.2014 08.03.2014 to 10.03.2014 11.03.2014 13.35 to 13.35 40.5 19.6 7.5 16.3 0.95 09.03.2014 11.03.2014 to 13.03.2014 14.03.2014 20.15 to 20.15 42.2 18.2 8.4 18 1.00 12.03.2014 13.10 to 21.10 41.4 15.03.2014 to 17.03.2014 18.03.2014 21.10 to 05.10 36.6 20 7 17.5 0.90 16.03.2014 05.10 to 13.10 38.2 22.15 to 06.15 36.3 18.03.2014 to 20.03.2014 21.03.2014 06.15 to 14.15 40.4 20.8 8.8 17.7 0.95 19.03.2014 14.15 to 22.15 43.6 13.00 to 21.00 42.6 22.03.2014 to 24.03.2014 25.03.2014 21.00 to 05.00 35 19.3 8.3 16.8 0.90 23.03.2014 05.00 to 10.00 38.1 20.45 to 04.45 37.6 25.03.2014 to 27.03.2014 28.03.2014 04.45 to 12.45 41.2 19.9 7.6 17.1 1.00 26.03.2014 12.45 to 20.45 44.4 Total Average Results 40.4 19.6 7.8 17.1 0.95 Unit µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 mg/m3 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description School and Church Uvari (AAQ 15) Survey Conducted by GCSPL Survey Sample Test Completed Time (24 Hrs) P.M10 P.M2.5 SO2 NOX CO (8 hr) conducted on Received on on 01.03.2014 to 03.03.2014 04.03.2014 08.20 to 08.20 43.7 17.4 5.6 17.6 0.85 02.03.2014 04.03.2014 to 06.03.2014 07.03.2014 15.50 to 15.50 44.5 19.1 7.2 15.8 0.70 05.03.2014 08.03.2014 to 10.03.2014 11.03.2014 14.15 to 14.15 43.2 18.5 5.9 17.2 0.80 09.03.2014 11.03.2014 to 13.03.2014 14.03.2014 20.45 to 20.45 42.8 17.9 6.4 15.1 0.85 12.03.2014 13.50 to 21.50 40.2 15.03.2014 to 17.03.2014 18.03.2014 21.50 to 05.50 34.8 18.8 6.8 15.4 0.80 16.03.2014 05.50 to 13.50 37.6 22.35 to 06.35 36.2 18.03.2014 to 20.03.2014 21.03.2014 06.35 to 14.35 38.3 19 7.6 16.6 0.75 19.03.2014 14.35 to 22.35 42.6 13.30 to 21.30 41.5 22.03.2014 to 24.03.2014 25.03.2014 21.30 to 05.30 34.2 17.2 5.5 17.4 0.80 23.03.2014 05.30 to 13.30 38.6 21.20 to 05.20 34.3 25.03.2014 to 27.03.2014 28.03.2014 05.20 to 13.20 38.8 18.7 6.2 16.9 0.85 26.03.2014 13.20 to 21.20 41.9 Total Average Results 39.6 18.3 6.4 16.5 0.80 Unit µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 mg/m3 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Matriculation School, Palyapattai, (AAQ 05) Survey Conducted by GCSPL Survey Sample Test Completed Time (24 Hrs) P.M10 P.M2.5 SO2 NOX CO (8 hr) conducted on Received on on 27.02.2014 to 01.03.2014 03.03.2014 07.00 to 07.00 39.1 16.3 7.2 16.8 0.85 28.02.2014 02.03.2014 to 04.03.2014 05.03.2014 09.30 to 09.30 36.9 17.5 6.3 17.7 0.90 03.03.2014 06.03.2014 to 08.03.2014 9.03.2014 07.00 to 07.00 40.8 15.9 7.7 16.3 0.75 07.03.2014 09.03.2014 to 11.03.2014 12.03.2014 15.00 to 15.00 36.4 18.4 6.7 17.3 0.80 10.03.2014 07.00 to 15.00 38.5 13.03.2014 to 15.03.2014 17.03.2014 15.00 to 23.00 35.6 17.5 5.8 16.5 0.70 14.03.2014 23.00 to 07.00 32.3 14.45 to 22.45 36.4 16.03.2014 to 18.03.2014 19.03.2014 22.45 to 06.45 30.4 17.6 7.6 16.1 0.80 17.03.2014 06.45 to 14.45 38.9 07.00 to 15.00 39.6 20.03.2014 to 22.03.2014 24.03.2014 15.00 to 23.00 36.2 16.8 6.4 15.9 0.85 21.03.2014 23.00 to 07.00 33.8 14.30 to 22.30 37.3 23.03.2014 to 25.03.2014 26.03.2014 22.30 to 06.30 33.7 18.2 7 17 0.75 24.03.2014 06.30 to 14.30 39.4 Total Average Results 36.6 17.3 6.8 16.7 0.80 3 3 3 3 3 Unit µg/m µg/m µg/m µg/m mg/m For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Manonmanium University (AAQ 06) Survey Conducted by GCSPL Survey Sample Test Completed Time (24 Hrs) P.M10 P.M2.5 SO2 NOX CO (8 hr) conducted on Received on on 27.02.2014 to 01.03.2014 03.03.2014 07.15 to 07.15 35.6 15.7 6.5 15.7 0.95 28.02.2014 02.03.2014 to 04.03.2014 05.03.2014 09.45 to 09.45 37.4 16.4 6.1 16.5 0.90 03.03.2014 06.03.2014 to 08.03.2014 9.03.2014 07.10 to 07.10 36.2 16.8 6.8 16 0.80 07.03.2014 09.03.2014 to 11.03.2014 12.03.2014 15.15 to 15.15 35.9 15.3 7 15.6 0.85 10.03.2014 07.10 to 15.10 36.8 13.03.2014 to 15.03.2014 17.03.2014 15.10 to 23.10 33.2 17 6.3 17.1 0.80 14.03.2014 23.10 to 07.10 31.9 15.00 to 23.00 34.4 16.03.2014 to 18.03.2014 19.03.2014 23.00 to 07.00 32.2 14.9 7.4 16.3 0.85 17.03.2014 07.00 to 15.00 36.1 07.15 to 15.15 35.5 20.03.2014 to 22.03.2014 24.03.2014 15.15 to 23.15 32.4 16.6 5.7 15.9 0.75 21.03.2014 23.15 to 07.15 33.8 14.45 to 22.45 34.9 23.03.2014 to 25.03.2014 26.03.2014 22.45 to 06.45 33.7 17.2 5.6 15.7 0.90 24.03.2014 06.45 to 14.45 36.6 Total Average Results 34.8 16.2 6.4 16.1 0.85 3 3 3 3 3 Unit µg/m µg/m µg/m µg/m mg/m For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Client Reference Survey Description Einstein College of Engineering, Muttankulam (AAQ 07) Survey Conducted by GCSPL Survey Sample Test Completed Time (24 Hrs) P.M10 P.M2.5 SO2 NOX CO (8 hr) conducted on Received on on 27.02.2014 to 01.03.2014 03.03.2014 07.30 to 07.30 39.2 19.2 7.3 18.3 0.70 28.02.2014 02.03.2014 to 04.03.2014 05.03.2014 10.00 to 10.00 40.4 19.4 6.5 17.5 0.80 03.03.2014 06.03.2014 to 08.03.2014 9.03.2014 07.25 to 07.25 38.8 18.3 8.3 18.1 0.75 07.03.2014 09.03.2014 to 11.03.2014 12.03.2014 15.30 to 15.30 39.6 17.9 7.7 16.9 0.90 10.03.2014 07.25 to 15.25 39.9 13.03.2014 to 15.03.2014 17.03.2014 15.25 to 23.25 37.2 18.6 7.1 17.1 0.85 14.03.2014 23.25 to 07.25 35.5 15.15 to 23.15 37.2 16.03.2014 to 18.03.2014 19.03.2014 23.15 to 07.15 36.4 17.5 6.4 16.5 0.80 17.03.2014 07.15 to 15.15 39.1 07.30 to 15.30 39.8 20.03.2014 to 22.03.2014 24.03.2014 15.30 to 23.30 37.3 18.2 7.6 17.3 0.75 21.03.2014 23.30 to 07.30 36.2 15.00 to 23.00 37.6 23.03.2014 to 25.03.2014 26.03.2014 23.00 to 07.00 35.8 19.2 6.9 17.6 0.85 24.03.2014 07.00 to 15.00 39.9 Total Average Results 38.1 18.5 7.2 17.4 0.80 3 3 3 3 3 Unit µg/m µg/m µg/m µg/m mg/m For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Sitaparappanallur Village (AAQ 08) Survey Conducted by GCSPL Survey Sample Test Completed Time (24 Hrs) P.M10 P.M2.5 SO2 NOX CO (8 hr) conducted on Received on on 27.02.2014 to 01.03.2014 03.03.2014 07.40 to 07.40 36.3 16.5 5.9 17 0.95 28.02.2014 02.03.2014 to 04.03.2014 05.03.2014 10.10 to 10.10 37.1 17.7 6.2 16.3 0.75 03.03.2014 06.03.2014 to 08.03.2014 9.03.2014 07.35 to 07.35 37.6 16.8 7.5 17.7 0.90 07.03.2014 09.03.2014 to 11.03.2014 12.03.2014 15.40 to 15.40 35.5 16.6 7.3 16.5 0.85 10.03.2014 07.35 to 15.35 37.5 13.03.2014 to 15.03.2014 17.03.2014 15.35 to 23.35 34.3 17.3 6.8 17.2 0.80 14.03.2014 23.35 to 07.35 31.8 15.25 to 23.25 38.2 16.03.2014 to 18.03.2014 19.03.2014 23.25 to 07.25 34.8 16.4 7.1 15.9 0.85 17.03.2014 07.25 to 15.25 36.4 07.40 to 15.40 37.7 20.03.2014 to 22.03.2014 24.03.2014 15.40 to 23.40 35 18 5.7 16.7 0.90 21.03.2014 23.40 to 07.40 32.2 15.10 to 23.10 38.7 23.03.2014 to 25.03.2014 26.03.2014 23.10 to 07.10 34.4 16.9 6.5 17.8 0.80 24.03.2014 07.10 to 15.10 36.8 Total Average Results 35.9 17.0 6.6 16.9 0.85 3 3 3 3 3 Unit µg/m µg/m µg/m µg/m mg/m For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description CSI Christ Church Alangulam (AAQ 09) Survey Conducted by GCSPL Survey Sample Test Completed Time (24 Hrs) P.M10 P.M2.5 SO2 NOX CO (8 hr) conducted on Received on on 27.02.2014 to 01.03.2014 03.03.2014 08.00 to 08.00 43.4 20.7 7.7 16.5 0.85 28.02.2014 02.03.2014 to 04.03.2014 05.03.2014 10.30 to 10.30 41.2 18.6 6.1 17.6 0.90 03.03.2014 06.03.2014 to 08.03.2014 9.03.2014 08.00 to 08.00 44 18.2 7 18 0.95 07.03.2014 09.03.2014 to 11.03.2014 12.03.2014 16.05 to 16.05 42.5 20.6 7.8 16.9 0.85 10.03.2014 08.00 to 16.00 41.1 13.03.2014 to 15.03.2014 17.03.2014 16.00 to 00.00 37.9 19.4 7.3 17.7 0.95 14.03.2014 00.00 to 08.00 35.5 15.45 to 23.45 42 16.03.2014 to 18.03.2014 19.03.2014 23.45 to 07.45 36.2 18 6.6 18.4 0.90 17.03.2014 07.45 to 15.45 39.1 08.00 to 16.00 41.9 20.03.2014 to 22.03.2014 24.03.2014 16.00 to 00.00 38.5 19.8 7.5 17.3 0.95 21.03.2014 00.00 to 08.00 35.7 15.30 to 23.30 41.8 23.03.2014 to 25.03.2014 26.03.2014 23.30 to 07.30 36.2 20.2 6.8 18.5 0.85 24.03.2014 07.30 to 15.30 38.3 Total Average Results 39.7 19.4 7.1 17.6 0.90 3 3 3 3 3 Unit µg/m µg/m µg/m µg/m mg/m For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Temple near cross junction of SH-39A (AAQ 10) Survey Conducted by GCSPL Survey Sample Test Completed Time (24 Hrs) P.M10 P.M2.5 SO2 NOX CO (8 hr) conducted on Received on on 27.02.2014 to 01.03.2014 03.03.2014 08.20 to 08.20 45.4 19.4 7.9 18.6 1.00 28.02.2014 02.03.2014 to 04.03.2014 05.03.2014 10.50 to 10.50 43.8 21.2 8.4 17.8 0.90 03.03.2014 06.03.2014 to 08.03.2014 9.03.2014 08.20 to 08.20 44.6 20.7 7 17.4 0.95 07.03.2014 09.03.2014 to 11.03.2014 12.03.2014 16.30 to 16.30 43 19.9 8.2 19.1 0.90 10.03.2014 08.20 to 16.20 45.6 13.03.2014 to 15.03.2014 17.03.2014 16.20 to 00.20 38.5 22.2 8.7 18.5 1.00 14.03.2014 00.20 to 08.20 41.2 16.10 to 00.10 38.2 16.03.2014 to 18.03.2014 19.03.2014 00.10 to 08.10 40.8 21.6 7.3 17.9 0.90 17.03.2014 08.10 to 16.10 45.1 08.20 to 16.20 45.2 20.03.2014 to 22.03.2014 24.03.2014 16.20 to 00.20 39.1 20.4 8.5 18.4 0.95 21.03.2014 00.20 to 08.20 40.7 15.50 to 23.50 39.6 23.03.2014 to 25.03.2014 26.03.2014 23.50 to 07.50 41.3 21.2 8.8 18 1.00 24.03.2014 07.50 to 15.50 44.8 Total Average Results 42.3 20.8 8.1 18.2 0.95 Unit µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 mg/m3 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Municipality Park at Vettaikaramkulam (AAQ 11) Survey Conducted by GCSPL Survey Sample Test Completed Time (24 Hrs) P.M10 P.M2.5 SO2 NOX CO (8 hr) conducted on Received on on 27.02.2014 to 01.03.2014 03.03.2014 08.35 to 08.35 44.1 20.2 7.2 18 0.80 28.02.2014 02.03.2014 to 04.03.2014 05.03.2014 11.05 to 11.05 44.5 19.3 8.5 17.3 0.95 03.03.2014 06.03.2014 to 08.03.2014 9.03.2014 08.35 to 08.35 43.4 19.9 8.6 18.8 0.80 07.03.2014 09.03.2014 to 11.03.2014 12.03.2014 16.45 to 16.45 45 20.4 7.5 18.4 1.00 10.03.2014 08.35 to 16.35 43.6 13.03.2014 to 15.03.2014 17.03.2014 16.35 to 00.35 37.4 21 6.9 18.1 0.95 14.03.2014 00.35 to 08.35 40.3 16.25 to 00.25 37.5 16.03.2014 to 18.03.2014 19.03.2014 00.25 to 08.25 40.2 19.6 8.7 16.7 0.90 17.03.2014 08.25 to 16.25 43.7 08.35 to 16.35 44 20.03.2014 to 22.03.2014 24.03.2014 16.35 to 00.35 38.2 20.5 7.9 17.9 0.85 21.03.2014 00.35 to 08.35 41.4 16.05 to 00.05 38.1 23.03.2014 to 25.03.2014 26.03.2014 00.05 to 08.05 40.5 19.3 7.1 17.2 0.95 24.03.2014 08.05 to 16.05 43.3 Total Average Results 41.6 20.0 7.8 17.8 0.90 3 3 3 3 3 Unit µg/m µg/m µg/m µg/m mg/m For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 28.02.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 01.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 26.02.14 to 27.02.14 Test Completed on 01.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 40.94 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 43.78 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 45.18 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 47.65 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 49.36 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 49.42 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 50.83 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 49.11 48.8 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 50.02 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 47.62 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 50.00 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 44.53 School and temple at 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 42.73 Naduvapatti (ANQ 01) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 42.07 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 39.01 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 38.14 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 33.96 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 33.27 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 33.88 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 33.63 37.4 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 33.32 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 37.26 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 37.02 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 38.58 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 28.02.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 01.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 26.02.14 to 27.02.14 Test Completed on 01.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 53.92 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 54.40 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 56.44 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 60.54 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 62.14 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 62.50 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 64.37 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 63.31 59.7 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 62.62 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 61.48 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 59.30 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 53.19 Temple at Sippipari 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 52.53 (ANQ 02) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 51.28 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 47.94 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 41.84 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 42.47 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 42.44 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 43.58 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 44.39 48.6 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 49.05 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 50.0 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 50.76 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 52.92 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 28.02.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 01.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 26.02.14 to 27.02.14 Test Completed on 01.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 41.87 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 45.57 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 45.84 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 49.44 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 50.75 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 50.74 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 51.64 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 50.26 48.2 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 51.42 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 48.79 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 48.89 Temple at 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 46.49 Nakkalamuttampatti 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 44.35 Village (ANQ 03) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 42.75 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 38.48 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 37.38 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 36.10 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 34.83 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 35.58 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 35.90 38.7 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 36.87 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 40.25 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 41.27 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 41.94 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 28.02.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 01.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 26.02.14 to 27.02.14 Test Completed on 01.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 52.39 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 53.31 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 56.35 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 60.30 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 61.85 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 62.30 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 63.93 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 62.49 58.8 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 60.01 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 58.23 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 57.86 Cross junction of NH- 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 52.84 7 at Kovilpatti 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 52.31 Municipal Area 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 50.84 (ANQ 04) 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 48.28 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 43.90 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 45.65 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 45.37 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 43.56 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 44.87 50.6 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 49.52 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 51.04 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 52.97 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 55.87 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 28.02.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 01.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 26.02.14 to 27.02.14 Test Completed on 01.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 47.51 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 49.61 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 50.64 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 52.02 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 54.57 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 56.92 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 54.31 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 55.28 52.2 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 53.85 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 51.39 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 51.12 Built-up area at 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 51.61 Ettaiyapuram 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 49.63 (ANQ 05) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 48.62 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 44.00 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 40.45 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 38.98 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 38.09 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 38.9 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 38.23 42.6 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 38.42 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 43.89 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 45.15 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 47.25 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 28.02.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 01.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 26.02.14 to 27.02.14 Test Completed on 01.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 56.04 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 58.13 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 61.4 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 63.29 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 62.29 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 64.87 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 66.03 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 63.22 61.4 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 63.77 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 62.02 Near 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 60.8 Mahakavibharathiyar 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 57 memorial near 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 55.73 Ettaiyapuram 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 54.64 (ANQ 06) 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 50.98 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 48.31 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 43.82 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 43.91 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 44.35 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 46.07 50.9 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 49.05 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 53.33 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 54.48 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 54.6 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 01.03.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 01.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 27.02.14 to 28.02.14 Test Completed on 01.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 42.37 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 45.64 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 46.54 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 49.75 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 51.09 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 51.02 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 52.51 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 50.79 48.7 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 50.66 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 50.13 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 49.88 Near Nivedhita 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 46.28 Matriculation School, 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 44.21 Palyapattai (ANQ 07) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 42.9 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 40.61 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 40.04 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 36.74 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 34.95 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 35.91 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 35.58 37.9 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 37.01 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 39.87 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 39.77 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 40.11 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 01.03.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 01.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 27.02.14 to 28.02.14 Test Completed on 01.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 42.11 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 42.33 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 48.79 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 49.81 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 52.64 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 50.56 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 51.28 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 50.93 48.3 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 48.68 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 46.34 Ooliyasthanam 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 45.71 Teacher Traning 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 45.52 Institute & Middle 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 44.06 School, Palyapattai 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 44.85 (ANQ 08) 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 47.45 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 41.84 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 40.07 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 36.86 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 36.5 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 35.19 38.8 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 37.03 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 38.35 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 40.35 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 41.61 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 01.03.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 01.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 27.02.14 to 28.02.14 Test Completed on 01.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 45.56 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 46.96 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 49.4 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 51.48 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 51.71 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 51.59 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 51.54 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 51.61 49.5 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 51.12 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 50.01 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 49.46 Near Gents hostel of 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 49.1 vet nary college and 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 46.59 research institute 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 47.04 (ANQ 09) 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 42.34 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 40.95 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 35.71 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 33.37 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 33.67 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 34.46 37.5 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 34.29 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 38.65 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 39.55 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 41.83 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 01.03.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 01.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 27.02.14 to 28.02.14 Test Completed on 01.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 44.49 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 45.42 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 49.12 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 51.15 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 51.21 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 49.91 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 50.47 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 51.31 49.1 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 50.67 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 50.77 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 50.23 Near Manonmanium 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 49.15 University 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 47.54 (ANQ 10) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 46 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 41.16 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 40.37 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 37.83 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 35.61 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 33.44 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 35.79 39.2 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 36.59 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 39.66 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 41.11 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 43.95 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 01.03.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 01.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 27.02.14 to 28.02.14 Test Completed on 01.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 57.37 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 57.88 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 55.92 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 58.03 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 62.19 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 61.64 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 61.72 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 61.16 58.6 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 60.42 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 59.13 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 57.94 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 55.1 Sitaparappanallur 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 53.05 Village (ANQ 11) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 51.17 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 50.16 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 50.32 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 49.76 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 48.75 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 47.23 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 48.34 51.7 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 50.47 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 52.79 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 54.38 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 55.08 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 01.03.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 01.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 27.02.14 to 28.02.14 Test Completed on 01.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 44.93 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 47.59 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 49.07 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 51.2 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 51.99 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 51.42 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 50.78 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 50.94 49.4 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 49.89 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 50.01 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 49.54 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 50.07 King Medical 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 48.61 Dispensary (ANQ 12) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 47.25 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 41.14 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 38.91 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 37.06 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 34.38 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 32.72 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 34.12 38.9 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 35.97 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 39.79 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 41.54 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 43.36 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 04.03.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 04.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 02.03.14 to 03.03.14 Test Completed on 04.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 43.24 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 44.3 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 49 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 50.9 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 52.68 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 53.34 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 53.2 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 50.43 49.0 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 48.58 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 47.46 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 45.92 St. john Teacher 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 45.29 training institute, 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 45.1 marandai (ANQ 13) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 44.33 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 43.65 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 42.57 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 38.06 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 36.11 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 33.74 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 34.08 36.8 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 34.86 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 35.85 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 37.73 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 40.2 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 04.03.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 04.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 02.03.14 to 03.03.14 Test Completed on 04.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 58.35 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 59.13 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 59.96 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 60.16 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 62.26 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 62.98 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 63.11 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 61.69 59.5 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 61.2 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 59.7 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 58.28 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 54.37 Mata Mandhir 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 51.71 Temple (ANQ 14) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 50.49 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 50.22 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 50.09 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 50.06 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 48.75 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 48.38 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 49.58 52.3 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 51.16 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 54.03 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 55.04 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 55.08 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 04.03.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 04.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 02.03.14 to 03.03.14 Test Completed on 04.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 42.5 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 44.78 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 48.87 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 49.7 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 52.17 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 52.86 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 51.57 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 50.05 48.1 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 47.35 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 45.58 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 45.08 ISMA School balaji 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 44.97 Nagar, marandai 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 44.42 (ANQ 15) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 42.08 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 41.25 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 39.08 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 37.55 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 36.06 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 32.27 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 33.96 36.7 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 35.43 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 35.93 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 37.6 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 40.2 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 04.03.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 04.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 02.03.14 to 03.03.14 Test Completed on 04.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 44.07 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 45.98 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 47.94 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 50.36 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 52.95 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 52.63 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 51.41 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 51.23 48.9 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 50.48 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 48.49 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 46.14 St. marys church, 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 45.12 Karumpuliuttu 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 44.49 (ANQ 16) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 43.67 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 43.16 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 42.46 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 39.43 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 36.68 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 34.08 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 32.06 37.3 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 34.16 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 36.98 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 39.02 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 39.96 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 04.03.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 04.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 02.03.14 to 03.03.14 Test Completed on 04.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 43.69 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 44.7 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 49.44 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 50.91 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 52.61 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 53.76 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 53.36 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 50.22 49.2 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 49.54 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 48.57 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 46.39 Mani Hospital, 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 43.86 Alangulam 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 44.31 (ANQ 17) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 44.02 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 43.45 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 42.9 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 40.41 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 37.94 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 35.44 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 34.35 38.8 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 37.19 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 39.2 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 40.09 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 41.13 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 04.03.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 04.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 02.03.14 to 03.03.14 Test Completed on 04.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 56.57 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 59.13 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 61.05 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 63.96 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 64.14 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 65.11 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 65.91 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 66.01 62.8 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 65.51 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 64.27 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 62.43 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 61.94 Mata Mandhir Temple 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 60.29 (ANQ 18) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 57.01 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 54.17 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 50.83 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 49.43 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 48.41 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 47.84 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 50.2 52.4 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 53.44 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 53.84 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 54.48 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 55.21 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 08.03.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 08.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 06.03.14 to 07.03.14 Test Completed on 08.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 42.99 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 44.71 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 47.02 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 50.39 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 50.08 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 51.19 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 52.42 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 50.52 48.7 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 51.92 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 50.26 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 49.5 Sri Muppuathi Amman 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 46.59 college of Education 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 44.47 (ANQ 19) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 42.98 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 40.62 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 38.8 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 35.72 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 35.03 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 35.64 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 35.39 37.9 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 36.41 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 38.54 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 40.79 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 40.63 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 08.03.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 08.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 06.03.14 to 07.03.14 Test Completed on 08.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 56.21 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 58.30 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 58.85 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 60.73 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 63.41 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 65.96 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 65.96 62.1 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 66.07 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 64.64 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 63.36 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 61.30 Mutaramankovil 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 59.44 Temple 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 57.63 (ANQ 20) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 55.86 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 52.19 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 46.54 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 45.65 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 45.37 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 43.56 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 44.87 50.6 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 50.14 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 51.85 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 53.44 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 54.90 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 08.03.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 08.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 06.03.14 to 07.03.14 Test Completed on 08.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 44.5 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 48.11 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 49.86 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 50.91 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 52.61 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 53.76 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 53.36 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 51.15 49.6 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 50.27 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 49.31 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 46.39 Harash Govt. Women 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 46.33 school 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 44.31 (ANQ 21) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 44.02 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 43.45 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 42.9 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 41.13 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 38.07 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 35.32 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 34.61 39.0 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 37.15 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 39.2 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 40.61 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 41.13 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 08.03.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 08.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 06.03.14 to 07.03.14 Test Completed on 08.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 56.3 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 56.81 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 57.82 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 60.4 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 62.64 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 64.67 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 64.78 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 65.41 61.3 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 64.64 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 63.06 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 60.75 Temple near cross 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 58.84 junction of SH-39A 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 57.63 (ANQ 22) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 52.28 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 50.83 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 46.54 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 45.65 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 45.37 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 43.56 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 44.87 50.7 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 49.52 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 51.42 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 52.97 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 55.87 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 08.03.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 08.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 06.03.14 to 07.03.14 Test Completed on 08.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 57.97 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 59.04 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 59.64 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 60.54 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 62.14 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 62.5 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 62.86 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 62.14 59.8 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 62.62 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 61.48 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 59.29 Municipality Park at 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 53.19 Vettaikaramkulam 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 52.53 (Tenkasi) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 51.28 (ANQ 23) 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 51.44 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 51.04 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 49.58 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 50.75 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 50.35 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 51.76 53.4 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 52.7 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 52.96 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 56.14 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 56.7 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 08.03.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 08.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 06.03.14 to 07.03.14 Test Completed on 08.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 55.48 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 56.59 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 58.93 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 59.32 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 62.31 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 65.84 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 66.74 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 66.77 62.5 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 65.61 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 64.49 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 61.85 Mupidadiumankovil 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 59.53 Temple 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 59.57 Ramalingayapuram 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 57.74 (ANQ 24) 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 53.05 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 50.87 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 49.19 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 47.78 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 46.12 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 47.19 51.2 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 50.86 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 52.88 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 53.55 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 54.3 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 03.03.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 03.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 01.03.14 to 02.03.14 Test Completed on 03.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 43.54 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 46.08 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 47.36 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 50.67 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 51.5 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 52.18 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 52.31 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 52.25 49.4 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 51.32 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 49.83 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 49.1 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 48.79 Govt.school 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 46.76 (ANQ 25) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 45.52 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 43.74 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 42.9 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 38.87 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 33.92 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 35.78 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 34.81 37.7 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 35.02 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 38.4 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 40 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 40.08 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 03.03.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 03.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 01.03.14 to 02.03.14 Test Completed on 03.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 41.25 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 42.07 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 45.44 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 44.83 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 48.22 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 47.25 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 48.23 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 47.86 45.1 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 47.62 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 46.18 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 44.27 School Near 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 44.48 Elankulam Village 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 41.87 (ANQ 26) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 37.31 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 33.65 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 32.32 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 31.2 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 31 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 31.35 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 32.07 36.4 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 35.13 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 37.16 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 40.28 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 40.2 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 03.03.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 03.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 01.03.14 to 02.03.14 Test Completed on 03.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 40.88 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 42.77 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 45.17 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 48.93 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 49.68 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 49.24 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 48.87 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 48.85 46.8 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 48.09 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 46.21 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 47.94 RECT College 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 47.47 Vijayanarayanam 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 44.7 (ANQ 27) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 42.92 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 38.48 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 36.72 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 33.68 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 32.58 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 31.57 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 31.32 35.9 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 32.32 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 35.43 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 37.72 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 41.07 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 03.03.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 03.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 01.03.14 to 02.03.14 Test Completed on 03.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 41.88 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 45.17 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 46.05 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 47.86 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 50.21 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 50.49 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 50.75 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 51.02 48.2 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 48.83 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 49.51 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 49.15 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 48.73 Medical Dispensary 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 46.92 (ANQ 28) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 45.46 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 43.68 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 41.52 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 39 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 33.2 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 33.25 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 34.53 37.5 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 36.46 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 37.83 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 39.2 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 40.32 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 06.03.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 06.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 04.03.14 to 05.03.14 Test Completed on 06.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 40.81 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 42.66 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 46.68 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 49.24 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 49.31 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 50.36 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 50.46 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 49.51 47.5 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 49.63 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 47.9 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 48.56 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 46.62 School Sevandiapuram 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 44.96 (ANQ 29) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 43.65 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 41.36 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 40.39 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 37.2 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 34.22 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 34.61 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 35.23 38 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 37.51 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 39.93 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 39.92 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 40.62 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 06.03.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 06.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 04.03.14 to 05.03.14 Test Completed on 06.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 53.56 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 53.39 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 58.52 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 59.49 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 61.02 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 61.79 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 61.54 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 60.5 58.7 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 61.03 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 58.59 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 57.98 College Near cross 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 58.79 junction of SH-93 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 57.64 ( Vallure to turchun) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 55.63 (ANQ 30) 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 51.67 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 51.77 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 49.04 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 48.73 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 47.62 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 48.5 49.6 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 49.32 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 49.63 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 51.03 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 51.58 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 06.03.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 06.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 04.03.14 to 05.03.14 Test Completed on 06.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 41.00 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 42.98 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 46.83 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 49.31 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 49.32 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 49.45 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 50.57 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 50.66 47.6 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 48.74 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 47.57 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 48.62 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 48.69 School idaiyankudi 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 44.88 village (ANQ 31) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 43.65 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 42.04 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 39.53 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 36.4 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 32.74 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 32.37 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 32.97 36.8 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 34.9 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 36.87 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 39.43 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 40.65 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 06.03.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 06.03.2014 Survey Conducted on 04.03.14 to 05.03.14 Test Completed on 06.03.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 42.77 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 44.77 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 46.22 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 49.38 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 50.86 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 50.88 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 51.42 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 51.55 48.8 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 49.42 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 49.29 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 49.2 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 49.59 School and Church 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 48.1 Uvari (ANQ 32) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 47.88 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 43.02 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 42.17 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 39.57 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 32.23 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 31.45 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 33 37.2 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 34.73 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 37.24 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 39.47 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 40.49 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Date Report Environmental Analysis Report (SH-41) Prepared by Miss. S.Prabha, Senior Chemist Signature Reviewed by Mr. T.Jeenly Xavier Anand, Lab In Charge Signature Approved by Mr. A. Jawahar, Quality Manager Signature 1 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. TABLE OF CONTENTS S No. TITLE PAGE No. 1. Table Details 03 2. Figure Details 03 3. INTRODUCTION 04 to 06 4. AMBIENT AIR QUALITY 07 to 10 5. NOISE QUALITY 11 to 14 6. WATER QUALITY MONITORING 14 to 21 7. SOIL CHARACTERISTICS 22 to 24 8. ANNEXURE 1– PHOTOGRAPHS 25 to 30 9. ANNEXURE 2 –Ambient Air quality results - 10. ANNEXURE 3 – Noise quality results - 2 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Table Details: Table Nos Contents Page No Table 1 Monitoring Schedules 4 Table 2 Instruments Used and frequency of Sampling 7 Table 3 National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) 8 Table 4 Ambient air quality monitoring locations 9 Table 5 AAQ Monitoring Average Results - SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli 10 Table 6 Duration of sampling For Noise Level Monitoring 11 Table 7 Ambient noise level monitoring locations 11 to 12 Table 8 Ambient noise level monitoring Results- SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli 13 Table 9 water quality monitoring locations 15 Table 10 Parameters and method of Analysis 16 Table 11 Presentation and discussions of water results 17 to 21 SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli Table 12 Soil Location Details 22 Table 13 Desirable Soil Quality 22 Table 14 Presentation and discussions of Soil results SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli 23 to 24 Figure Details: Figure Nos Contents Page No Figure 1 Map Showing Project Road SH – 41 for AAQ 5 Figure 2 Map Showing Project Road SH – 41 for Noise 5 Figure 3 Map Showing Project Road SH – 41 for Water 6 Figure 4 Map Showing Project Road SH – 41 for Soil 6 Figure 5 Discussion of AAQ Monitoring Result (SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli) 10 Figure 6 Discussion of Ambient Noise level Monitoring Result 14 (SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli) 3 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. INTRODUCTION SMEC India Pvt. Ltd ,Gurgaon (smec India ) is deputed Green Chem Solutions (P) Ltd, Chennai (GCSPL) for monitoring Ambient Air , Ambient Noise , Ground Water, Surface water and Soil quality in different locations of the Project Road (SH-41) This will helps to identify and evaluate the environmental effects arising from the existing/proposed activities in selected sites and execute mitigation measures to avoid or reduce the environmental impacts. Ambient Air Quality: Figure. 1 shows the details of the selected air quality monitoring (Nine) stations in SH-41. The monitoring of ambient air quality parameter specified by CPCB at these sites was carried out during the month of the Jul-2014. Samples were collected at the selected sites for a period of about four weeks in jul-2014. Table.1 shows the schedule of monitoring at selected sites. Table: 1.Monitoring Schedule Site First Week Second Week Third Week Fourth week Code First Second First Second First Second First Second Time Time Time Time Time Time Time Time 24.06.2014 27.06.2014 01.07.2014 04.07.2014 08.07.2014 11.07.2014 15.07.2014 18.07.2014 SH-41 To To To To To To To To (Part1) 25.06.2014 28.06.2014 02.07.2014 05.07.2014 09.07.2014 12.07.2014 16.07.2014 19.07.2014 25.06.2014 28.06.2014 02.07.2014 05.07.2014 09.07.2014 12.07.2014 16.07.2014 19.07.2014 SH-41 To To To To To To To To (Part 2) 26.06.2014 29.06.2014 03.07.2014 06.07.2014 10.07.2014 13.07.2014 17.07.2014 20.07.2014 4 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Figure.1 Map showing project Road SH-41 Noise Monitoring: Figure .2 shows the details of the selected Noise monitoring (Eighteen) stations in SH-41. The noise monitoring parameter specified by CPCB at these sites was carried out during the month of the Jul-2014. Figure.2 Map showing project Road SH-41 5 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Water Monitoring: Figure.3 shows the details of the selected water monitoring (Ten) stations in SH-41. The water monitoring parameter specified by CPCB at these sites was carried out during the month of the Jul-2014. Figure.3 Map showing project Road SH-41 Soil Monitoring: Figure 4 shows the details of the selected water monitoring (Five) stations in SH-41. Figure.4 Map showing project Road SH-41 6 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. 1. AMBIENT AIR QUALITY Table.2 gives the list of pollutants monitored in this project, instruments used and frequency of sampling. Particular PM10 PM 2.5 NOX SO2 CO Sampling RDS PM2.5 Impingers Impingers Automatic Instrument Sampler sampler attached to attached to analyzer High volume sampler High volume sampler Sampling Filtration of Filtration of Chemical Chemical Suction by Principle aerodynamic aerodynamic absorption in absorption in Pump sizes sizes with a suitable media suitable media As per size cut by instrument impaction specification followed by cyclone separation Flow rate 0.8-1.2 16.7 LPM 0.4 LPM 0.4 LPM 0.2 – 0.5 LPM m3/min Sampling Period 24 hourly 24 Hourly 24 Hourly 24 Hourly 8 Hourly Sampling Weekly twice Weekly twice Weekly twice Weekly twice Weekly twice frequency for four week for four week for four week for four week for four week Analytical Electronic Electronic Spectrophotometer Spectrophotometer Automatic instrument Balance Micro Analyser Balance Analytical Gravimetric Gravimetric Colorimetric Colorimetric NDIR Method method Improved West & Jacobs & Hochheiser Gaeke Method Modified method 7 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Table 3. National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), 2009 Industrial, Residential, Sensitive Time Weighted Pollutants Rural & other Areas Areas Average Sulphur Dioxide Annual Average 50 µg/m3 20 µg/m3 (SO2) 24 hours 80 µg/m3 80 µg/m3 Oxides of Nitrogen as Annual Average 40 µg/m3 30 µg/m3 (NO2) 24 hours 80 µg/m3 80 µg/m3 Particulate Matter Annual Average 60 µg/m3 60 µg/m3 (PM10) 24 hours 100 µg/m3 100 µg/m3 Particulate Matter Annual Average 40 µg/m3 40 µg/m3 (PM 2.5) 24 hours 60 µg/m3 60 µg/m3 CarbonMonoxide 8 hours 2.0 mg/m3 2 mg/ m3 (CO) 1 hour 4.0 mg/m3 4 mg/m3 8 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Details 1.1 1.2 monitoring of 7. Table: Ambient locations Air Quality Monitoring Average Results SH-44: Naduvapatti- Kovilpatti- Ettayapuram Location and classification of location are listed in Table: 4 Location Classification of area Table: 4. 10 Ambient3 3 3 3 3 PM quality (µg/m )airPM ) SO2 (µlocations monitoring 2.5(µg/m g/m ) NOx (µg/m ) CO (mg/m ) Sensitive AAQ01 Name of the Location location 35.8 Date of14.6 monitoring 5.8 <1.0 Classification14.4 GPS Point (Zone 43) AAQ02 Sensitive 39.5 17.3 Description 16.1 6.7 <1.0 code of location AAQ03 Commercial 44.2 SH-41: 20.1 Rajapalayam to 7.5 Tirunelveli (Part –I) 17.3 <1.0 AAQ01 AAQ04 Commercial College 41.4 18.8 7.1 Sensitive 16.9 E:0780738 N:1043165 <1.0 24.06.2014 To 25.06.2014 AAQ02 Mahatma Gandhi college of Art & 27.06.2014 To 28.06.2014 Sensitive E:0779689 N:1033014 Science for Women 01.07.2014 To 02.07.2014 AAQ03 04.07.2014 To 05.07.2014 Sensitive E:0779040 N:1025009 of Result: Discussion Govt. (SH-44: Hospital andNaduvapatti- Bus ShelterKovilpatti- Ettayapuram) 08.07.2014 To 09.07.2014 AAQ04 Vaiyapuri-School and Temple, 11.07.2014 To 12.07.2014 E:0778530 N:1016955 The ambient air quality is well within limits stipulated by CPCB. 15.07.2014 To 16.07.2014 It Sensitive is observed from table that Sankarankovil 18.07.2014 To 19.07.2014 Particulate Matter (10) in all location is in between in 35.8 - 44.2 µg/m3. And Particulate AAQ05 E:0784659 N:1005827 matter Mutharamalinga Thevar College and Sensitive Hostel ( 2.5) between 14.6 andCanteen 20.1, SO2 content ranges between 5.8 – 7.5 µg/m3 and NOx values ranges SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli (Part –II) 3 between 14.4 - 17.3 µg/m . The results are tabulated in figure 4. AAQ06 25.06.2014 To 26.06.2014 Sensitive E:0788914 N:0994554 Govt. Hospital and Govt. High School 28.06.2014 To 29.06.2014 AAQ07 50 02.07.2014 To 03.07.2014 Sensitive E:0790580 N:0988370 Govt. High School 05.07.2014 To 06.07.2014 AAQ08 40 09.07.2014 To 10.07.2014 Residential E:0791979 N:0980497 Manur Village 12.07.2014 To 13.07.2014 AAQ09 30 16.07.2014 To 17.07.2014 E:0795478 P.M10 N:0966063 Commercial Area 19.07.2014 To 20.07.2014 At Junction P.M2.5 20 SO2 10 NOX 0 AAQ1 AAQ2 AAQ3 AAQ4 Figure 4. 9 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. 1.2 Table: 5. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Average Results SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli Location Classification of area 3 3 3 3 3 PM10 (µg/m ) PM2.5(µ g/m ) SO2 (µg/m ) NOx (µ g/m ) CO (mg/m ) AAQ01 Sensitive 39.7 18.4 6.6 17.3 0.80 AAQ02 Sensitive 36.9 16.8 5.8 16.4 0.85 AAQ03 Sensitive 38.5 17.3 6.1 16.8 0.85 AAQ04 Sensitive 37.8 17.2 6.3 16.6 0.95 AAQ05 Sensitive 36.3 16.5 6.0 16.2 0.80 AAQ06 Sensitive 37.6 17.0 6.5 16.7 0.80 AAQ07 Sensitive 38.1 17.7 6.9 17.0 0.80 AAQ08 Residential 42.0 20.2 7.4 17.8 0.90 AAQ09 Commercial Area 48.5 22.6 8.8 18.5 1.00 Discussion of Result: (SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli) The ambient air quality is well within limits stipulated b y CPCB. It is observed from table that Par t icu lat e M a t t er ( 10) in all location is in between in 36.3 - 48.5 µg/m3. And Particulate matter ( 2.5) between 16.5 and 22.6, SO2 content ranges between 5.8 – 8.8 µg/m3 and NOx values ranges between 16.2 - 18.5 µg/m3 . The results are tabulated in figure 4. 60 50 40 P.M10 30 P.M2.5 20 SO2 10 NOX 0 AAQ01 AAQ02 AAQ03 AAQ04 AAQ05 AAQ06 AAQ07 AAQ08 AAQ09 Figure 5. 10 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. 2. NOISE QUALITY 2.1 Methodologyfor monitoring Noise in general is sound which is composed o f many frequency components of various loudness distributed over the audible frequency range. Noise monitoring is to be carried out during day and night time with a minimum of 4 readings per minute for 15 min in an hour for 24 hours. From the noted levels while using a handheld noise meter, in ‘A’ weighted averaging for ambient noise, Leq (Day) and Leq (Night) were calculated. Table: 06. Duration of sampling Parameter Sampling duration Noise Level Monitoring Once (Hourly reading for 24 hrs Monitoring) Table: 07. Ambient noise level monitoring locations Location Name of the location Date of Classification GPS Point (Zone 43) monitoring Description of code location SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli (Part –I) ANQ01 College Sensitive Zone E:0780750 N:1043228 ANQ02 Vandimahali Aman Temple Sensitive Zone E:0781388 N:1036178 ANQ03 Mahatma Gandhi college of Art & Sensitive Zone E:0779706 N:1033024 Science for Women 24.06.2014 ANQ04 Polytechnic college Sensitive Zone E:0779928 N:1029867 To ANQ05 25.06.2014 Sensitive Zone E:0779070 N:1025014 Govt. Hospital and Bus Shelter ANQ06 A.V.K. International School and PKR School and Factory E:0778517 N:1019557 Cotton Mill, Sankarakovil Area ANQ07 Vaiyapuri-School and Temple, Sensitive Location E:0778534 N:1016871 Sankarakovil ANQ08 Mutharamalinga Thevar College and E:0784654 N:1005896 Sensitive Location Hostel Canteen 11 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Table: 07. Ambient noise level monitoring locations Location Name of the location Date of Classification GPS Point (Zone 43) monitoring Description of code location SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli (Part –II) ANQ09 Govt. Hospital and Govt. High School Sensitive Location E:0788895 N:0994688 ANQ10 Elisabetta Vitale Matriculation School Sensitive Location E:0789468 N:0992932 and Church, Lodola Nagar, Devarkulam ANQ11 Govt. High School Educational Area E:0790676 N:0988319 25.06.2014 ANQ12 Eskiamanv Temple Sensitive Location E:0790899 N:0987003 To ANQ13 Manur Village Residential E:0791963 N:0980390 ANQ14 Govt. Middle School and Temple 26.06.2014 Silence Zone E:0792163 N:0975772 ANQ15 Nanjankulam Regrouped Stone Mines, Open Caste Mining E:0793079 N:0973114 Area Indian Cement Ltd., Seduroyan Puddur ANQ16 T.N., Vetenary College and Research Silence Zone E:0795245 N:0970117 Institute of Vetenary and Animal ANQ17 Sudalai University, Science Tirunveli Temple, Tirunelveli Sensitive Zone E:0795950 N:0967193 ANQ18 At Junction Commercial Area E:0795494 N:0966032 12 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. 2.2 Presentation and discussions of results Leq day and Leq night, are to be calculated using the monitoring results. Results are to be compared with the CPCB standards. Table: 08. Ambient noise level monitoring Results SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli Location Classification of area Noise level Leq dB(A) CPCB standard Leq dB(A) Code Day Night Day Night ANQ01 Sensitive Zone 48.9 37.6 50 40 ANQ02 Sensitive Zone 46.8 35.4 50 40 ANQ03 Sensitive Zone 47.3 36.0 50 40 ANQ04 Sensitive Zone 47.7 36.5 50 40 ANQ05 Sensitive Zone 48.1 35.9 50 40 ANQ06 School and Factory Area 49.3 38.2 50 40 ANQ07 Sensitive Location 48.6 37.8 50 40 ANQ08 Sensitive Location 45.9 33.7 50 40 ANQ09 Sensitive Location 47.4 35.6 50 40 ANQ10 Sensitive Location 48.0 36.1 50 40 ANQ11 Educational Area 47.9 36.5 50 40 ANQ12 Sensitive Location 48.3 37.2 50 40 ANQ13 Residential 50.9 39.6 55 45 ANQ14 Silence Zone 46.1 37.0 50 40 ANQ15 Open Caste Mining Area 56.5 48.7 65 55 ANQ16 Silence Zone 46.5 35.9 50 40 ANQ17 Sensitive Zone 47.0 36.6 50 40 ANQ18 Commercial Area 59.8 51.3 65 55 Day time monitoring done from 6.00 am – 10.00 pm Night time monitoring done from 10.00 pm – 6.00 am Discussion of Result: In the case of Noise levels the measured day time M e a n values and hourly values for the period of 6AM to 10 PM at all the points are well below the accepted limits as per specification. The Night time mean values and hourly values for the period of 10 PM to 6 AM at all the points are well below the accepted limits as per specification. 13 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Figure.6 70 60 50 40 30 Day Time Night Time 20 10 0 3. WATER QUALITY MONITORING Essential characteristics and bacteriological parameters for drinking water as per IS: 10500 of 1991 and important pollution indicators as per IS: 2296 -1982 (Class C) are analysed for all the water samples. Sampling and analysis techniques: Parameters for analysis of water quality were selected based on the utility of the particular source of water as per moef guidance. Water samples are collected from ten locations, four surface waters from the pond and dam and s i x ground water samples are collected. Samples are collected d i r e c t l y from the source and preserved in Two liter can and for microbiological analysis separate 250ml sterilized bottles are used. The collected samples are analysed as per the m e th o ds prescribed b y APHA and IS 3025. The quality of ground water w a s compared with IS 10500: 1991 for drinking purpose. Surface Water quality water compared with IS 2296 class C limits. Monitoring or sampling locations are tabulated in table 0 9 . 14 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Table: 09 water quality monitoring locations Location Name of the Source of water Date of GPS Point (Zone 43) code location and Village Sampling SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli WQ01 Near Marriage Garden, Hand Pump (GW) E:0781070 N:1040952 Rajapallayam WQ02 Madhukudy Pond (SW) E:0781261 N:1040555 WQ03 Solaiseri Over Head Water Tank E:0779772 N:1033153 (GW) 24.06.2014 WQ04 K.R Naidu Nagar Check Dam (SW) E:0779857 N:1028826 WQ05 Ramalingapuram Hand pump (GW) E:0778441 N:1020695 WQ06 Muthukrishnapuram Over Head Water Tank E:0778161 N:1009058 (GW) WQ07 Panavadalachathiram Over Head Water Tank E:0786968 N:1001727 (GW) 25.06.2014 WQ08 Alakiyapandiapuram Sitaru River (SW) No surface on River water (E:0791444 N:0985010) WQ09 Manur Pond (SW) E:0791998 N:0980405 25.06.2014 WQ10 Jami Nagar Handpump (GW) E:0792102 N:0978493 15 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Table.10 Parameters and method of Analysis Sl. No. Parameters Method of Analyis 1. Temperature IS 3025 Part 9 - 1984 (Reaff. 2006), 2. pH @ 25°C IS 3025 Part 11 - 1983 (Reaff. 2006) 3. Turbidity , NTU IS 3025 Part 10 - 1984 (Reaff. 2006) 4. Conductivity 25c (micro mhos/cm) IS:3025/P14/1984 Reaff 2006 5. Colour , Hazen IS 3025 Part 4 - 1983 (Reaff. 2006 6. Odour IS 3025 Part 5 - 1983 (Reaff. 2006) 7. Total Suspended Solids, mg/L IS 3025 Part 17 – 1984 (Reaff.2006) 8. Dissolved Solids [inorganic], mg/L IS 3025 Part 16 - 1984 (Reaff. 2006) 9. Dissolved Oxygen mg/L IS 3025 Part 38 - 1989 (Reaff. 2009) 10. COD, mg/L IS 3025 Part 58 - 2006 11. BOD @ 27°C for 3 days, mg/L IS 3025 Part 44 – 1993 (Reaff. 2009) 12. TKN mg/L IS 3025 Part 34 – 1988 (Reaff. 2009) 13. Total Hardness as CaCO3, mg/L IS 3025 Part 21 - 1983 (Reaff. 2006) 14. Sodium, mg/L IS 3025 Part 45 - 1993 (Reaff. 2009) 15. Potassium, mg/L IS 3025 Part 45 - 1993 (Reaff. 2009) 16. Calcium as Ca, mg/L IS 3025 Part 40 - 1991 (Reaff. 2009) 17. Magnesium as Mg, mg/L IS 3025 Part 46 - 1994 (Reaff. 2009) 18. Ammonia as NH3, mg/L IS 3025 Part 34 - 1988 (Reaff. 2009) 19. Chloride as Cl, mg/L IS 3025 Part 32 - 1988 (Reaff. 2009) 20. Phosphate as P, mg/L IS 3025 Part 31 - 1988 (Reaff: 2009) 21. Nitrate as NO3, mg/L IS 3025 Part 34 - 1988 (Reaff. 2009) 22. Fluoride as F, mg/L IS 3025 Part 60 : 2008, 23. Surfactants, mg/L APHA 22nd Edn. 5540 B,C 24. Toatl Iron as Fe, mg/L IS 3025 Part 53 - 2003 (Reaff.2009) 25. Copper as Cu, mg/L IS 3025 Part 42 - 1992 (Reaff.2009) 26. Sulphate as SO4, mg/L IS 3025 Part 24 - 1986 (Reaff. 2009) 27. Zinc as Zn, mg/L IS 3025 Part 49 - 1994 (Reaff.2009) 28. Arsenic as As, mg/L IS 3025 Part 37 - 1988 (Reaff.2009) 29. Mercury as Hg, mg/L IS 3025 Part 48 - 1994 (Reaff.2009) 30. Lead as Pb, mg/L IS 3025 Part 47 - 1994 (Reaff.2009) 31. Manganese as Mn, mg/L IS 3025 Part 59 – 2006 32. Boron as B, mg/L APHA 22nd Edn. 4500 B/B 33. Chromium as Cr6+, mg/L IS 3025 Part 52 - 2003 (Reaff.2009) 34. Phenolic compounds as IS 3025 Part 43 – 1992 (Reaff.2009) 35. C H OH,mg/L Cadmium as Cd, mg/L IS 3025 Part 41 - 1992 (Reaff.2009) 36. Total Coliform IS:1662 -1981 R.2003 37. Fecal Coliform IS:1662 -1981 R.2003 16 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Table: 11 Presentation and discussions of results SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli Sl. Parameters Units WQ01 WQ02 WQ03 WQ04 IS:10500 IS:2296 No (GW) (SW) (GW) (SW) Desirable Class C limits limits 1 Temperature °C 28 29 29 28 -- -- 2 pH @ 25°C - 7.80 7.86 7.99 8.15 6.5 - 8.5 6.5 - 8.5 3 Turbidity NTU 4.6 120 3.0 58 5 -- 4 Conductivity 25°C µmhos/cm 4337 131 121 366 -- -- 5 Colour Hazen <1.0 90 4.0 35 5 300 6 Odour Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable -- 7 Total Suspended mg/L 4.0 180 2.0 94 -- -- Solids 8 Dissolved Solids mg/L 2689 76 68 216 500 1500 [inorganic] 9 Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 7.5 6.8 7.2 BDL (DL:0.2) -- Min 4.0 10 COD mg/L BDL (DL:4.0) 10 BDL (DL:4.0) 28 -- -- 11 BOD @ 27°C for 3 mg/L BDL (DL:2.0) 2.0 BDL (DL:2.0) 10 -- 3.0 days 12 TKN mg/L BDL (DL:1.0) BDL (DL:1.0) BDL (DL:1.0) BDL (DL:1.0) -- -- 13 Total Hardness as mg/L 130 52 40 89 300 -- CaCO3, 14 Sodium mg/L 410 1.98 4.41 10 -- -- 15 Potassium mg/L 108 0.62 1.38 2.8 -- -- 16 Calcium as Ca mg/L 258 12.4 10 25 75 -- 17 Magnesium as Mg mg/L 92 5.0 3.6 6.48 -- -- 18 Ammonia as NH3 mg/L BDL (DL :0.1) BDL(DL:1.0) BDL (DL:1.0) BDL (DL:1.0) -- -- 19 Chloride as Cl mg/L 1229 5.8 15 34.7 250 600 20 Sulphate as SO4 mg/L 413 3.0 2.95 49 200 400 21 Phosphate as P mg/L 0.15 BDL (DL:0.01) BDL (DL:0.01) BDL (DL:0.01) -- -- 22 Nitrate as NO3 mg/L 2.70 0.68 BDL (DL:0.5) 0.9 45 50 23 Fluoride as F mg/L 0.23 BDL (DL:0.1) BDL (DL:0.1) 0.14 1.0 1.5 24 Surfactants mg/L Absent Absent Absent Absent 0.2 1.0 17 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Sl. Parameters Units SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli IS:10500 IS:2296 No WQ01 WQ02 WQ03 WQ04 Desirable Class C limits limits (GW) (SW) (GW) (SW) 25 Total Iron as Fe mg/L 0.73 17.5 0.07 8.82 0.3 50 26 Copper as Cu mg/L BDL (DL : 0.01) BDL (DL : 0.01) BDL (DL : 0.01) BDL (DL : 0.01) 0.05 1.5 27 Zinc as Zn mg/L BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) 5.0 15 28 Arsenic as As mg/L BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) 0.05 0.2 29 Mercury as Hg mg/L BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) 0.001 -- 30 Lead as Pb mg/L BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.01) BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.1) 0.05 0.1 31 Manganese as Mn mg/L BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) 0.1 -- 32 Boron as B mg/L BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.1) 1.0 -- 33 Chromium as Cr mg/L BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) 0.05 0.05 34 Phenolic mg/L BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) 0.001 0.005 compounds as 35 Cadmium as Cd mg/L BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) 0.01 0.01 MPN/100ml 36 Total Coliform Absence Absence Absence Absence Absence 5000 MPN/100ml 37 Fecal Coliform Absence Absence Absence Absence Absence -- Sl. Parameters Units SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli IS:10500 IS:2296 No WQ05 WQ06 WQ07 WQ09 Desirable Class C (GW) (GW) (GW) (SW) limits limits 1 Temperature °C 28 29 28 28 -- -- 2 pH @ 25°C - 8.41 7.84 7.97 8.03 6.5 - 8.5 6.5 - 8.5 3 Turbidity NTU 3.8 2.5 4.1 148 5 -- 4 Conductivity 25°C µmhos/cm 1428 2516 245 259 -- -- 5 Colour Hazen <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 65 5 300 6 Odour Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable -- 7 Total Suspended mg/L 4.0 2.0 3.0 200 -- -- Solids 8 Dissolved Solids mg/L 814 1536 142 153 500 1500 [inorganic] 9 Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 6.8 7.0 7.4 6.7 -- Min 4.0 10 COD mg/L BDL (DL:4.0) BDL (DL:4.0) BDL (DL:4.0) 8.0 -- -- 18 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Table 11 Presentationand discussions of results SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli Sl. Parameters Units WQ05 WQ06 WQ07 WQ09 IS:10500 IS:2296 No (GW) (GW) (GW) (SW) Desirable Class C limits limits 11 BOD @ 27°C for 3 mg/L BDL (DL:2.0) BDL (DL:2.0) BDL (DL:2.0) 2.0 -- 3.0 days 12 TKN mg/L BDL (DL:1.0) BDL (DL:1.0) BDL (DL:1.0) BDL (DL:1.0) -- -- 13 Total Hardness as mg/L 557 541 85 92 300 -- CaCO3 14 Sodium mg/L 65 183 6.3 3.43 -- -- 15 Potassium mg/L 19 54 1.8 1.1 -- -- 16 Calcium as Ca mg/L 142 120 24 25 75 -- 17 Magnesium as Mg mg/L 49 58 6.0 6.96 -- -- 18 Ammonia as NH3 mg/L BDL (DL : 1.0) BDL (DL : 1.0) BDL (DL : 1.0) BDL (DL : 1.0) -- -- 19 Chloride as Cl mg/L 246 641 19 12 250 600 20 Sulphate as SO4 mg/L 35 189 8.0 10 200 400 21 Phosphate as P mg/L 0.12 0.14 BDL (DL : 0.01) BDL (DL : 0.01) -- -- 22 Nitrate as NO3 mg/L 1.30 1.80 0.76 0.80 45 50 23 Fluoride as F mg/L 0.16 0.21 BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.1) 1.0 1.5 24 Surfactants mg/L Absent Absent Absent Absent 0.2 1.0 25 Total Iron as Fe mg/L 0.18 0.10 0.09 21.2 0.3 50 26 Copper as Cu mg/L BDL (DL : 0.01) BDL (DL : 0.01) BDL (DL : 0.01) BDL (DL : 0.01) 0.05 1.5 27 Zinc as Zn mg/L BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) 5.0 15 28 Arsenic as As mg/L BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) 0.05 0.2 29 Mercury as Hg mg/L BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) 0.001 -- 30 Lead as Pb mg/L BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.1) 0.05 0.1 31 Manganese as Mn mg/L BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) 0.1 -- 32 Boron as B mg/L BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.1) BDL (DL : 0.1) 1.0 -- 33 Chromium as Cr mg/L BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) BDL (DL : 0.03) 0.05 0.05 34 Phenolic compounds mg/L BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) BDL (DL : 0.001) 0.001 0.005 as C6H5OH 35 Cadmium as Cd mg/L BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) BDL (DL : 0.005) 0.01 0.01 36 Total Coliform MPN/100ml Absence Absence Absence Absence Absence 5000 37 Fecal Coliform MPN/100m Absence Absence Absence Absence Absence -- 19 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Sl. Parameters Units SH-41: Rajapalayam to IS:10500 IS:2296 No Tirunelveli Desirable limits Class C limits WQ10 (GW) 1 Temperature °C 29 -- -- 2 pH @ 25°C - 8.07 6.5 - 8.5 6.5 - 8.5 3 Turbidity NTU <0.5 5 -- 4 Conductivity 25°C µmhos/cm 842 -- -- 5 Colour Hazen <1.0 5 300 6 Odour Agreeable Agreeable -- 7 Total Suspended Solids mg/L BDL(D.L:1.0) -- -- 8 Dissolved Solids mg/L 487 500 1500 [inorganic] 9 Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 7.1 -- Min 4.0 10 COD mg/L BDL (DL:4.0) -- -- 11 BOD @ 27°C for 3 days mg/L BDL (DL:2.0) -- 3.0 12 TKN mg/L BDL (DL:1.0) -- -- 13 Total Hardness as mg/L 291 300 -- 14 CaCO Sodium, mg/L 30 -- -- 15 Potassium mg/L 8.6 -- -- 16 Calcium as Ca mg/L 69 75 -- 17 Magnesium as Mg mg/L 28 -- -- 18 Ammonia as NH3 mg/L BDL (DL : 0.1) -- -- 19 Chloride as Cl mg/L 96 250 600 20 Sulphate as SO4 mg/L 45 200 400 21 Phosphate as P mg/L 0.09 -- -- 22 Nitrate as NO3 mg/L 1.1 45 50 23 Fluoride as F mg/L 0.12 1.0 1.5 24 Surfactants mg/L Absent 0.2 1.0 25 Total Iron as Fe mg/L 0.06 0.3 50 26 Copper as Cu mg/L BDL (DL : 0.01) 0.05 1.5 27 Zinc as Zn mg/L BDL (DL : 0.005) 5.0 15 20 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Sl. Parameters Units SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli IS:10500 IS:2296 No WQ10 (GW) Desirable limits Class C limits 28 Arsenic as As mg/L BDL (DL : 0.005) 0.05 0.2 29 Mercury as Hg mg/L BDL (DL : 0.001) 0.001 -- 30 Lead as Pb mg/L BDL (DL : 0.01) 0.05 0.1 31 Manganese as Mn mg/L BDL (DL : 0.03) 0.1 -- 32 Boron as B mg/L BDL (DL : 0.1) 1.0 -- 33 Chromium as Cr mg/L BDL (DL : 0.03) 0.05 0.05 34 Phenolic compounds mg/L BDL (DL : 0.001) 0.001 0.005 as C6H5OH 35 Cadmium as Cd mg/L BDL (DL : 0.005) 0.01 0.01 36 Total Coliform MPN/100ml Absence Absence 5000 37 Fecal Coliform MPN/100ml Absence Absence -- Results and Discussion: (SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli) Surface water samples collected from four locations of WQ 02, WQ 04, WQ 08, & WQ 09. WQ 08 one location river water no water is available. Another three location WQ 02, WQ 04 & WQ 09, Two location WQ 02, & WQ 09 all parameters should be meet the standards IS 2296 Class C, one location WQ 04 all parameters should be meet the standards IS 2296 Class C, except the DO & BOD Parameter. Ground water samples collected from Six locations WQ 01, WQ 03, WQ 05, WQ 06, WQ 07, & WQ 10.In this ground water samples collected from locations WQ 03, WQ 07 & WQ 10 all parameters are within the limits stipulated b y I S 10500 desirable limits. In Ground water sample location of WQ01, WQ 05, & WQ 06 Sample all parameters are within the limits stipulated b y I S 10500 desirable limits, except parameters TDS, TH, Ca, Cl and Sulphate. Ground water samples WQ01, WQ 05, & WQ 06 should not meet the standards IS 10500 desirable limits for drinking purposes. 21 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. 4. SOIL CHARACTERISTICS Soil samples are collected from the preferred location and analyzed as per the standard methods prescribed by Central Pollution Control Board. Table: 12 Soil Location Details Location Name of the location and Land Use Date of GPS Point (Zone 43) code village Sampling SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli SQ1 Ammanpuram and Rice Paddy Land 24.06.2014 E:0781390 N:1036199 Sonaganvilai SQ2 E:0779386 N:1026424 Sivasubramaniyapuram Rice Paddy Land and Thenthirupperai SQ3 Open Agriculture and Rice E:0778954 N:1013876 Puliamkullam Paddy Land SQ4 Agriculture 25.06.2014 E:0791397 N:0985629 Parancheri SQ5 Agriculture E:0796070 N:0968172 Vellanguli Table: 13 Desirable Soil Quality Sl. No. Parameters Desirable Range 1. pH ( 10% solution ) 5.5-9.0 2. Conductivity 0.2- 0.5 mmhos/cm 3. Sand, Silt, Clay --- 4. Texture -- 5. Moisture Retention capacity -- 6. Moisture 7. Infiltration rate -- 8. Organic matter -- 9. Nitrogen 0.01-0.02 % 10. Potassium >0.01% 11. Phosphorous -- 12. Sulphates -- 13. Sodium Sulphate -- 14. Calcium Sulphate -- 15. Oil and grease -- 22 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Table: 14 Presentationand discussions of results (SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli ) Sl. No. Parameters Unit SQ1 SQ2 1. pH ( 10% solution ) -- 7.28 7.81 2. Conductivity mmhos/cm 0.224 0.432 3. Sand % 80 30 Silt % 15 20 Clay % 5.0 50 4 Texture Sand Soil Clay Soil 5. Moisture Retention % 1.05 0.84 capacity 6. % 3.16 2.58 Moisture 7. Infiltration rate mm/hr 1.7 1.5 8. Organic matter % 0.1023 0.1156 9. Nitrogen % 0.0164 0.0148 10. Potassium % 0.013 0.0102 11. Phosphorous % 0.0018 0.0021 12. Sulphates % 0.0014 0.0029 13. Sodium Sulphate % 0.0145 0.01090 14. Calcium Sulphate % 0.0304 0.0234 15. Oil and grease % <1.0 <1.0 23 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Sl. No. Parameters Unit SQ3 SQ4 SQ5 1. pH ( 10% solution ) -- 7.76 7.79 7.18 2. Conductivity mmhos/cm 0.447 0.280 0.374 3. Sand % 35 30 65 Silt % 15 10 10 Clay % 50 60 25 4 Texture Clay Soil Clay Soil Sandy Soil 5. Moisture Retention % 6.07 1.46 1.39 capacity 6. % 8.22 4.37 4.20 Moisture 7. Infiltration rate mm/hr 1.6 1.7 1.6 8. Organic matter % 0.1127 0.1143 0.087 9. Nitrogen % 0.0157 0.0136 0.0172 10. Potassium % 0.0105 0.0102 0.0128 11. Phosphorous % 0.0014 0.0018 0.0027 12. Sulphates % 0.0023 0.0016 0.0018 13. Sodium Sulphate % 0.0116 0.0032 0.0082 14. Calcium Sulphate % 0.0564 0.035 0.0642 15. Oil and grease % <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 Results and Discussions The soil sample does not show much variation in characteristics. The pH of the soil from all the locations are neutral it varies from 7 .18 - 7.81, the conductivity in all locations does not show much variations it varies from 0.224-0.447. 24 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. ANNEXURE 1- PHOTOGRAPHS SH-41:Rajapalayam to Tiruneveli  Ambient Air Monitoring Photos: AAQ 01 AAQ 02 AAQ 04 AAQ 03 AAQ 05 AAQ 06 AAQ 07 AAQ 08 25 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. AAQ 09 Noise Monitoring Photos: ANQ 01 ANQ 02 ANQ 03 AAQ 04 ANQ 05 ANQ 06 26 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. ANQ 07 ANQ 08 ANQ 09 ANQ 10 ANQ 11 ANQ 12 ANQ 13 ANQ 14 27 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. ANQ 15 ANQ 16 ANQ 17 ANQ 18  Water sampling Photos: WQ 01 WQ 02 WQ 03 WQ 04 28 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. WQ 05 WQ 06 WQ 07 WQ 09 WQ 10 WQ 10 29 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. Soil sampling Photos: SQ 01 SQ 02 SQ 03 SQ 04 SQ 05  Site Visit photos of SMEC 30 Jul 2014 Final Report GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli- College (AAQ 01) Survey Conducted by GCSPL Survey Sample Test Completed Sampling Time P.M10 P.M2.5 SO2 NOX CO (8 hr) conducted on Received on on (24 Hrs) 24.06.2014 to 26.06.2014 27.06.2014 08.00 to 08.00 36.6 16.1 5.6 16.8 0.85 25.06.2014 27.06.2014 to 29.06.2014 01.07.2014 08.00 to 08.00 42.3 18.6 6.2 18.6 0.75 28.06.2014 01.07.2014 to 03.07.2014 04.07.2014 08.00 to 08.00 31.4 20.0 8.4 15.9 0.80 02.07.2014 04.07.2014 to 06.07.2014 08.07.2014 08.00 to 08.00 34.9 18.2 6.3 17.4 0.85 05.07.2014 08.07.2014 to 10.07.2014 11.07.2014 08.00 to 08.00 43.1 20.5 7.5 16.5 0.70 09.07.2014 11.07.2014 to 13.07.2014 15.07.2014 08.00 to 08.00 46.2 16.0 6.0 18.3 0.85 12.07.2014 15.07.2014 to 17.07.2014 18.07.2014 08.00 to 08.00 37.8 21.0 5.4 16.7 0.70 16.07.2014 18.07.2014 to 20.07.2014 22.07.2014 08.00 to 08.00 45.3 16.8 7.7 18.2 0.90 19.07.2014 Total Average Results 39.7 18.4 6.6 17.3 0.80 Unit µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 mg/m3 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli- Mahatma Gandhi college of Art & Science for Women (AAQ 02) Survey Conducted by GCSPL Survey Sample Test Completed Sampling Time P.M10 P.M2.5 SO2 NOX CO (8 hr) conducted on Received on on (24 Hrs) 24.06.2014 to 26.06.2014 27.06.2014 08.30 to 08.30 32.4 19.8 5.5 15.8 0.90 25.06.2014 27.06.2014 to 29.06.2014 01.07.2014 08.30 to 08.30 38.0 17.5 6.7 14.3 0.70 28.06.2014 01.07.2014 to 03.07.2014 04.07.2014 08.30 to 08.30 37.6 16.9 5.0 19.1 0.85 02.07.2014 04.07.2014 to 06.07.2014 08.07.2014 08.30 to 08.30 36.0 15.4 6.9 16.3 0.95 05.07.2014 08.07.2014 to 10.07.2014 11.07.2014 08.30 to 08.30 35.1 18.0 5.3 16.9 0.90 09.07.2014 11.07.2014 to 13.07.2014 15.07.2014 08.30 to 08.30 33.3 14.9 6.1 16.5 0.95 12.07.2014 15.07.2014 to 17.07.2014 18.07.2014 08.30 to 08.30 37.4 15.3 4.8 14.8 0.80 16.07.2014 18.07.2014 to 20.07.2014 22.07.2014 08.30 to 08.30 45.2 16.7 6.2 17.6 0.75 19.07.2014 Total Average Results 36.9 16.8 5.8 16.4 0.85 3 3 3 3 3 Unit µg/m µg/m µg/m µg/m mg/m For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli- Govt. Hospital and Bus Shelter (AAQ 03) Survey Conducted by GCSPL Survey Sample Test Completed Sampling Time P.M10 P.M2.5 SO2 NOX CO (8 hr) conducted on Received on on (24 Hrs) 24.06.2014 to 26.06.2014 27.06.2014 09.00 to 09.00 35.9 15.9 6.8 16.6 0.85 25.06.2014 27.06.2014 to 29.06.2014 01.07.2014 09.00 to 09.00 37.4 18.1 5.0 17.8 0.75 28.06.2014 01.07.2014 to 03.07.2014 04.07.2014 09.00 to 09.00 39.2 16.5 5.7 15.9 0.90 02.07.2014 04.07.2014 to 06.07.2014 08.07.2014 09.00 to 09.00 40.3 18.9 6.2 17.0 0.95 05.07.2014 08.07.2014 to 10.07.2014 11.07.2014 09.00 to 09.00 41.5 16.3 6.4 17.7 0.75 09.07.2014 11.07.2014 to 13.07.2014 15.07.2014 09.00 to 09.00 38.8 18.6 5.9 15.8 0.85 12.07.2014 15.07.2014 to 17.07.2014 18.07.2014 09.00 to 09.00 35.1 17.7 6.5 16.2 0.80 16.07.2014 18.07.2014 to 20.07.2014 22.07.2014 09.00 to 09.00 39.7 16.4 6.3 17.4 0.95 19.07.2014 Total Average Results 38.5 17.3 6.1 16.8 0.85 3 3 3 3 3 Unit µg/m µg/m µg/m µg/m mg/m For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli- Vaiyapuri-School and Temple, Sankarankovil (AAQ 04) Survey Conducted by GCSPL Survey Sample Test Completed Sampling Time P.M10 P.M2.5 SO2 NOX CO (8 hr) conducted on Received on on (24 Hrs) 24.06.2014 to 26.06.2014 27.06.2014 09.30 to 09.30 31.8 20.1 7.3 18.9 0.95 25.06.2014 27.06.2014 to 29.06.2014 01.07.2014 09.30 to 09.30 38.2 16.4 7.1 15.3 1.00 28.06.2014 01.07.2014 to 03.07.2014 04.07.2014 09.30 to 09.30 32.4 20.5 6.0 19.1 0.95 02.07.2014 04.07.2014 to 06.07.2014 08.07.2014 09.30 to 09.30 43.1 14.8 5.2 18.5 1.00 05.07.2014 08.07.2014 to 10.07.2014 11.07.2014 09.30 to 09.30 39.6 13.3 7.7 14.0 0.85 09.07.2014 11.07.2014 to 13.07.2014 15.07.2014 09.30 to 09.30 42.9 18.6 5.4 17.2 0.90 12.07.2014 15.07.2014 to 17.07.2014 18.07.2014 09.30 to 09.30 31.5 19.9 5.5 15.3 0.95 16.07.2014 18.07.2014 to 20.07.2014 22.07.2014 09.30 to 09.30 42.7 14.0 6.1 14.7 1.00 19.07.2014 Total Average Results 37.8 17.2 6.3 16.6 0.95 3 3 3 3 3 Unit µg/m µg/m µg/m µg/m mg/m For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli- Mutharamalinga Thevar College and Hostel Canteen (AAQ 05) Survey Conducted by GCSPL Survey Sample Test Completed Sampling Time P.M10 P.M2.5 SO2 NOX CO (8 hr) conducted on Received on on (24 Hrs) 24.06.2014 to 26.06.2014 27.06.2014 10.00 to 10.00 42.8 19.1 5.7 18.9 0.85 25.06.2014 27.06.2014 to 29.06.2014 01.07.2014 10.00 to 10.00 40.3 14.5 4.9 19.3 0.90 28.06.2014 01.07.2014 to 03.07.2014 04.07.2014 10.00 to 10.00 33.1 15.3 7.0 13.4 0.75 02.07.2014 04.07.2014 to 06.07.2014 08.07.2014 10.00 to 10.00 33.5 19.5 5.3 14.6 0.80 05.07.2014 08.07.2014 to 10.07.2014 11.07.2014 10.00 to 10.00 41.7 16.0 5.1 15.7 0.70 09.07.2014 11.07.2014 to 13.07.2014 15.07.2014 10.00 to 10.00 31.6 13.9 5.7 16.3 0.85 12.07.2014 15.07.2014 to 17.07.2014 18.07.2014 10.00 to 10.00 34.3 18.4 6.9 13.6 0.80 16.07.2014 18.07.2014 to 20.07.2014 22.07.2014 10.00 to 10.00 32.9 15.2 7.4 17.8 0.75 19.07.2014 Total Average Results 36.3 16.5 6 16.2 0.80 3 3 3 3 3 Unit µg/m µg/m µg/m µg/m mg/m For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli- Govt. Hospital and Govt. High School (AAQ 06) Survey Conducted by GCSPL Survey Sample Test Completed Sampling Time P.M10 P.M2.5 SO2 NOX CO (8 hr) conducted on Received on on (24 Hrs) 25.06.2014 to 27.06.2014 28.06.2014 10.30 to 10.30 42.9 20.2 6.9 18.4 0.75 26.06.2014 28.06.2014 to 30.06.2014 01.07.2014 10.30 to 10.30 30.3 15.8 7.2 14.9 0.85 29.06.2014 02.07.2014 to 04.07.2014 05.07.2014 10.30 to 10.30 40.5 14.3 5.8 17.5 0.80 03.07.2014 05.07.2014 to 07.07.2014 08.07.2014 10.30 to 10.30 38.2 20.6 5.3 17.9 0.70 06.07.2014 09.07.2014 to 11.07.2014 12.07.2014 10.30 to 10.30 35.0 15.4 6.1 15.7 0.80 10.07.2014 12.07.2014 to 14.07.2014 15.07.2014 10.30 to 10.30 39.6 19.5 6.0 17.3 0.75 13.07.2014 16.07.2014 to 18.07.2014 19.07.2014 10.30 to 10.30 41.1 15.7 7.2 13.8 0.90 17.07.2014 19.07.2014 to 21.07.2014 22.07.2014 10.30 to 10.30 33.4 14.6 7.7 18.2 0.85 20.07.2014 Total Average Results 37.6 17 6.5 16.7 0.80 3 3 3 3 3 Unit µg/m µg/m µg/m µg/m mg/m For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli- Govt. High School (AAQ 07) Survey Conducted by GCSPL Survey Sample Test Completed Sampling Time P.M10 P.M2.5 SO2 NOX CO (8 hr) conducted on Received on on (24 Hrs) 25.06.2014 to 27.06.2014 28.06.2014 11.00 to 11.00 42.2 20.5 8.1 15.4 0.80 26.06.2014 28.06.2014 to 30.06.2014 01.07.2014 11.00 to 11.00 39.0 19.8 5.9 18.2 0.75 29.06.2014 02.07.2014 to 04.07.2014 05.07.2014 11.00 to 11.00 40 14.7 6.4 18.9 0.85 03.07.2014 05.07.2014 to 07.07.2014 08.07.2014 11.00 to 11.00 41.9 20.2 8.2 20.1 0.90 06.07.2014 09.07.2014 to 11.07.2014 12.07.2014 11.00 to 11.00 35.0 16.3 6.7 14.5 0.70 10.07.2014 12.07.2014 to 14.07.2014 15.07.2014 11.00 to 11.00 41.2 15.8 5.9 18.3 0.80 13.07.2014 16.07.2014 to 18.07.2014 19.07.2014 11.00 to 11.00 35.4 19.9 7.6 15.0 0.75 17.07.2014 19.07.2014 to 21.07.2014 22.07.2014 11.00 to 11.00 30.3 14.5 6.3 15.7 0.85 20.07.2014 Total Average Results 38.1 17.7 6.9 17 0.80 3 3 3 3 3 Unit µg/m µg/m µg/m µg/m mg/m For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli- Manur Village (AAQ 08) Survey Conducted by GCSPL Survey Sample Test Completed Sampling Time P.M10 P.M2.5 SO2 NOX CO (8 hr) conducted on Received on on (24 Hrs) 25.06.2014 to 27.06.2014 28.06.2014 11.30 to 11.30 49.3 21.8 8.1 20.4 0.95 26.06.2014 28.06.2014 to 30.06.2014 01.07.2014 11.30 to 11.30 45.5 20.7 6.9 16.5 0.8 29.06.2014 02.07.2014 to 04.07.2014 05.07.2014 11.30 to 11.30 43.2 16.6 7.8 15.6 0.85 03.07.2014 05.07.2014 to 07.07.2014 08.07.2014 11.30 to 11.30 39.0 23.9 7.0 19.3 0.95 06.07.2014 09.07.2014 to 11.07.2014 12.07.2014 11.30 to 11.30 44.1 17.0 8.3 15.7 0.9 10.07.2014 12.07.2014 to 14.07.2014 15.07.2014 11.30 to 11.30 36.3 20.7 6.6 20.2 0.95 13.07.2014 16.07.2014 to 18.07.2014 19.07.2014 11.30 to 11.30 43.5 19.5 8.2 16.1 0.85 17.07.2014 19.07.2014 to 21.07.2014 22.07.2014 11.30 to 11.30 35.1 21.4 6.3 18.7 0.95 20.07.2014 Total Average Results 42 20.2 7.4 17.8 0.90 3 3 3 3 3 Unit µg/m µg/m µg/m µg/m mg/m For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description SH-41: Rajapalayam to Tirunelveli- At Junction (AAQ 09) Survey Conducted by GCSPL Survey Sample Test Completed Sampling Time P.M10 P.M2.5 SO2 NOX CO (8 hr) conducted on Received on on (24 Hrs) 25.06.2014 to 27.06.2014 28.06.2014 12.00 to 12.00 55.2 26.8 9.9 21.5 1.00 26.06.2014 28.06.2014 to 30.06.2014 01.07.2014 12.00 to 12.00 52.4 21.3 7.6 20.4 0.95 29.06.2014 02.07.2014 to 04.07.2014 05.07.2014 12.00 to 12.00 50.6 19.5 8.0 16.3 1.00 03.07.2014 05.07.2014 to 07.07.2014 08.07.2014 12.00 to 12.00 41.8 26.1 8.9 20.1 0.95 06.07.2014 09.07.2014 to 11.07.2014 12.07.2014 12.00 to 12.00 53.7 19.4 7.7 16.9 1.00 10.07.2014 12.07.2014 to 14.07.2014 15.07.2014 12.00 to 12.00 44.9 18.9 10.4 19.8 0.95 13.07.2014 16.07.2014 to 18.07.2014 19.07.2014 12.00 to 12.00 40.7 23.1 9.5 17.2 1.00 17.07.2014 19.07.2014 to 21.07.2014 22.07.2014 12.00 to 12.00 47.1 25.6 8.3 15.7 1.00 20.07.2014 Total Average Results 48.3 22.6 8.8 18.5 1.00 3 3 3 3 3 Unit µg/m µg/m µg/m µg/m mg/m For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 26.06.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 26.06.2014 Survey Conducted on 24.06.14 to 25.06.14 Test Completed on 26.06.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 42.70 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 45.47 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 46.71 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 50.63 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 51.67 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 51.47 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 51.96 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 50.96 48.9 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 51.1 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 50.32 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 49.58 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 47.52 College (ANQ 01) 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 44.6 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 42.19 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 40.06 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 39.22 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 36.34 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 34.15 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 33.45 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 34.56 37.6 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 36.83 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 39.74 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 39.66 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 40.21 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 26.06.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 26.06.2014 Survey Conducted on 24.06.14 to 25.06.14 Test Completed on 26.06.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 39.21 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 41.30 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 46.74 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 49.83 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 49.95 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 50.55 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 50.91 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 49.92 46.8 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 47.85 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 45.26 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 43.32 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 42.54 Vandimahali Aman 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 41.33 Temple (ANQ 02) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 39.66 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 37.41 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 35.12 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 32.87 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 32.5 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 32.85 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 32.85 35.4 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 33.20 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 35.28 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 38.39 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 39.02 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 26.06.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 26.06.2014 Survey Conducted on 24.06.14 to 25.06.14 Test Completed on 26.06.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 42.67 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 44.58 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 46.89 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 48.07 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 49.54 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 50.13 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 49.83 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 50.13 47.3 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 49.63 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 48.44 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 47.62 Mahatma Gandhi 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 46.32 college of Art & 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 43.76 Science for Women 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 39.08 (ANQ 03) 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 39.01 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 35.75 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 32.57 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 30.97 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 30.76 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 32.08 36.0 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 33.19 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 34.81 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 37.15 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 41.93 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 26.06.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 26.06.2014 Survey Conducted on 24.06.14 to 25.06.14 Test Completed on 26.06.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 42.63 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 44.78 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 45.95 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 47.13 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 50.49 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 50.42 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 49.85 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 49.41 47.7 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 48.51 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 48.12 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 48.17 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 48.99 Polytechnic college 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 47.28 (ANQ 04) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 46.13 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 40.60 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 38.85 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 34.21 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 33.16 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 30.93 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 31.30 36.5 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 32.84 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 37.27 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 38.89 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 41.18 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 26.06.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 26.06.2014 Survey Conducted on 24.06.14 to 25.06.14 Test Completed on 26.06.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 42.50 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 44.78 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 48.87 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 50.28 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 51.91 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 51.97 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 51.57 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 50.29 48.1 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 47.35 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 47.28 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 45.79 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 45.86 Govt. Hospital and 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 44.42 Bus Shelter (ANQ 05) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 42.08 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 41.25 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 39.12 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 36.46 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 33.43 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 32.27 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 32.78 35.9 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 32.84 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 33.21 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 39.41 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 39.15 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 26.06.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 26.06.2014 Survey Conducted on 24.06.14 to 25.06.14 Test Completed on 26.06.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 44.04 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 48.00 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 49.29 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 51.34 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 51.45 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 51.47 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 51.16 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 50.77 49.3 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 50.24 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 50.01 A.V.K. International 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 49.16 School and PKR 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 48.99 Cotton Mill, 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 47.87 Sankarakovil 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 48.19 (ANQ 06) 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 42.84 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 40.62 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 36.96 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 33.28 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 31.71 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 31.37 38.2 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 35.80 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 38.12 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 41.14 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 42.80 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 26.06.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 26.06.2014 Survey Conducted on 24.06.14 to 25.06.14 Test Completed on 26.06.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 42.68 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 45.34 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 47.92 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 49.83 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 52.71 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 52.02 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 52.36 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 51.16 48.6 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 49.85 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 48.72 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 46.11 Vaiyapuri-School and 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 43.69 Temple, Sankarakovil 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 43.24 (ANQ 07) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 42.44 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 41.96 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 40.90 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 38.87 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 33.92 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 34.58 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 35.71 37.8 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 35.96 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 38.40 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 40.10 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 40.08 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 26.06.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 26.06.2014 Survey Conducted on 24.06.14 to 25.06.14 Test Completed on 26.06.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 41.21 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 42.49 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 43.74 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 47.24 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 48.59 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 48.27 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 48.87 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 48.85 45.9 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 48.09 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 46.21 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 45.45 Mutharamalinga 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 43.80 Thevar College and 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 43.44 Hostel Canteen 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 42.92 (ANQ 08) 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 38.48 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 36.72 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 33.68 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 32.58 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 31.57 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 31.16 33.7 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 31.68 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 32.02 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 33.56 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 38.27 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 27.06.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 27.06.2014 Survey Conducted on 25.06.14 to 26.06.14 Test Completed on 27.06.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 42.05 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 43.52 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 45.52 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 47.91 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 50.74 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 51.25 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 51.57 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 50.52 47.4 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 49.3 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 48.28 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 44.58 Govt. Hospital and 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 43.08 Govt. High School 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 41.89 (ANQ 09) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 38.91 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 36.93 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 36.25 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 31.20 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 31.00 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 31.35 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 32.07 35.6 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 35.13 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 37.16 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 37.76 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 39.72 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 27.06.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 27.06.2014 Survey Conducted on 25.06.14 to 26.06.14 Test Completed on 27.06.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 41.70 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 44.24 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 47.94 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 49.69 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 51.03 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 51.79 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 50.95 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 50.05 48.0 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 49.35 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 48.49 Elisabetta Vitale 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 46.14 Matriculation School 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 45.12 and Church, Lodola 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 44.49 Nagar, Devarkulam 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 43.67 (ANQ 10) 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 42.04 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 41.69 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 37.86 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 33.71 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 31.52 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 30.91 36.1 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 32.11 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 35.97 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 37.87 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 39.96 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 27.06.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 27.06.2014 Survey Conducted on 25.06.14 to 26.06.14 Test Completed on 27.06.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 42.50 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 44.29 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 47.22 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 49.29 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 51.35 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 51.79 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 51.90 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 50.20 47.9 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 49.22 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 47.27 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 45.60 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 43.86 Govt. High School 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 42.52 (ANQ 11) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 41.27 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 40.36 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 39.42 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 37.10 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 33.10 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 31.8 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 33.09 36.5 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 33.50 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 35.96 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 38.93 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 40.50 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 27.06.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 27.06.2014 Survey Conducted on 25.06.14 to 26.06.14 Test Completed on 27.06.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 42.60 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 44.22 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 46.00 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 48.95 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 49.99 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 50.70 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 50.97 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 51.25 48.3 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 49.36 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 48.84 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 48.57 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 48.47 Eskiamanv Temple 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 47.56 (ANQ 12) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 46.67 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 42.74 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 41.16 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 39.57 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 32.23 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 31.45 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 33.00 37.2 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 34.73 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 37.24 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 39.47 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 40.49 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 27.06.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 27.06.2014 Survey Conducted on 25.06.14 to 26.06.14 Test Completed on 27.06.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 45.47 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 47.93 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 50.46 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 51.59 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 52.28 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 53.60 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 53.48 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 53.83 50.9 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 52.32 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 51.55 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 51.30 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 50.06 Manur Village 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 48.25 (ANQ 13) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 47.96 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 45.45 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 43.24 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 40.24 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 33.92 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 35.78 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 35.38 39.6 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 38.17 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 39.82 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 41.94 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 43.20 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 27.06.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 27.06.2014 Survey Conducted on 25.06.14 to 26.06.14 Test Completed on 27.06.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 42.24 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 43.89 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 45.18 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 49.39 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 50.05 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 49.46 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 48.80 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 46.32 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 46.45 46.1 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 45.88 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 45.90 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 45.11 Govt. Middle School 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 42.89 and Temple (ANQ 14) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 39.24 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 35.68 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 33.38 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 30.98 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 30.68 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 31.73 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 32.75 37.0 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 36.38 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 38.20 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 40.35 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 40.85 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 27.06.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 27.06.2014 Survey Conducted on 25.06.14 to 26.06.14 Test Completed on 27.06.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 53.92 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 54.40 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 56.44 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 58.57 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 58.33 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 59.01 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 59.34 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 59.67 56.5 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 58.68 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 57.95 Nanjankulam 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 54.60 Regrouped Stone 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 53.19 Mines, Indian Cement 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 52.53 Ltd., Seduroyan 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 51.28 Paddur 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 47.94 (ANQ 15) 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 41.84 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 42.47 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 42.44 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 43.58 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 45.17 48.7 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 49.05 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 50.00 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 50.97 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 52.92 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 27.06.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 27.06.2014 Survey Conducted on 25.06.14 to 26.06.14 Test Completed on 27.06.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 41.73 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 42.48 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 44.44 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 48.14 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 48.58 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 50.44 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 50.01 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 48.77 46.5 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 48.84 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 46.16 T.N., Vetenary 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 45.00 College and Research 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 44.32 Institute of Vetenary 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 42.84 and Animal Science 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 42.32 University, Tirunveli 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 41.36 (ANQ 16) 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 40.33 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 37.08 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 32.75 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 31.04 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 32.25 35.9 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 33.96 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 35.36 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 38.85 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 38.94 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 27.06.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 27.06.2014 Survey Conducted on 25.06.14 to 26.06.14 Test Completed on 27.06.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 41.70 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 43.29 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 45.74 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 47.72 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 48.92 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 49.80 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 50.72 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 49.99 47.0 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 48.58 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 47.46 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 45.92 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 45.10 Sudalai Temple, 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 44.11 Tirunelveli (ANQ 17) 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 42.79 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 42.28 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 40.58 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 38.63 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 35.04 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 31.08 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 30.60 36.6 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 35.07 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 36.15 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 38.34 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 39.78 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory GREEN CHEM SOLUTIONS (P) LTD. SMEC INDIA PVT LTD, 5th Floor, Tower C, Building No.8, Client Name & Address DLF Cyber City, Phase ll, Gurgaon, India, 122002. Survey Description Noise Monitoring Sample Received on 27.06.2014 Survey Conducted by GCSPL Test Commenced on 27.06.2014 Survey Conducted on 25.06.14 to 26.06.14 Test Completed on 27.06.2014 Time (Hrs) Location From To Hourly Leq dB (A) Daytime dB (A) Day Time 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 55.48 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 56.59 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 58.93 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 59.32 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 61.62 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 62.34 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 61.36 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 61.22 59.8 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 61.29 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 61.41 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 61.66 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 59.53 At Junction (ANQ 18) 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 59.57 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 57.74 8:00 PM 9:00 PM 53.05 9:00 PM 10:00 PM 50.87 Night Time Hourly Leq dB (A) Night time dB (A) 10:00 PM 11:00 PM 48.83 11:00 PM 12:00 AM 47.66 12:00 AM 1:00 AM 46.41 1:00 AM 2:00 AM 47.68 51.3 2:00 AM 3:00 AM 51.26 3:00 AM 4:00 AM 52.88 4:00 AM 5:00 AM 53.84 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 54.39 For Green Chem Solutions Pvt Ltd (Laboratory Division) Authorized Signatory HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 APPENDIX 4.2: ENVIORNMENTAL STANDARDS FOR AIR, WATER AND NOISE APPENDIX 4.2a: NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (CPCB 2009) Concentration in Ambient Air Ecologically Industrial, Time Sensitive Area Residential, Method of Pollutant Weighted (notified by Rural and Measurement Average Central Other Area Government) Sulphur Annual* 50 20 Improved West and Dioxide (SO2) Geake Method µg/m3 24 hours** 80 80 Ultraviolet Fluorescence Jacob & Hochheiser Oxides of Modified Annual* 40 30 Nitrogen (NOx) (Na-Arsenite) Method µg/m3 Chemiluminescence Gas Phase 24 hours** 80 80 Chemiluminescence Particulate Annual* 60 60 Matter (Size Gravimetric less than 10 TOEM µm) or PM10 24 hours** 100 100 Beta attenuation µg/m3 Particulate Annual* 40 40 Matter (Size less than 2.5 Gravimetric TOEM µm) or PM2.5 24 hours** 60 60 Beta attenuation µg/m3 8 hours** 100 100 UV Photometric Ozone (O3) Chemiluminescence µg/m3 1 hour** 180 180 Chemical Method Annual* 0.5 0.5 ASS/ ICP Method after sampling on EPM 2000 Lead (Pb) or equivalent Filter paper µg/m3 24 hours** 1.0 1.0 ED – XRF using Teflon filter DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Concentration in Ambient Air Ecologically Industrial, Time Sensitive Area Residential, Method of Pollutant Weighted (notified by Rural and Measurement Average Central Other Area Government) Carbon 02 8 hours** 02 Monoxide Non Dispersive Infra Red (CO) (NDIR) Spectroscopy 1 hour** 04 04 mg/m3 Ammonia Annual* 100 100 Chemiluminescence (NH3) 24 hours** 400 400 Indophenol blue method µg/m3 Gas Chromatography based continuous Benzene analyzer (C6H6) Annual* 05 05 Adsorption and µg/m3 Desorption followed by GC analysis Benzo (a) pyrene (BaP) Solvent extraction – Particulate Annual* 01 01 followed by HPLC/GC phase only, analysis ng/m3 AAS/ICP method after Arsenic (As) Annual* 06 06 sampling on EPM 2000 ng/m3 or equivalent filter paper AAS/ICP method after Nickel (Ni) Annual* 20 20 sampling on EPM 2000 ng/m3 or equivalent filter paper *Annual Arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year at a particular site taken twice a week 24 hourly at uniform interval. **24 hourly or 08 hourly or 01 hourly monitored values, as applicable, shall be complied with 98% of the time in a year. 2% of the time, they may exceed the limits but not on two consecutive days of monitoring. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 APPENDIX 4.2b: USE BASED CLASSIFICATION OF SURFACE WATERS IN INDIA Class of Designated-Best-Use Criteria water i. Total Coliforms Organism MPN/100ml shall be 50 or less Drinking Water Source without ii. pH between 6.5 and 8.5 conventional treatment but after A disinfections iii. Dissolved Oxygen 6mg/l or more iv. Biochemical Oxygen Demand 5 days 20oC 2mg/l or less i. Total Coliforms Organism MPN/100ml shall be 500 or less ii. pH between 6.5 and 8.5 Outdoor bathing (Organized) B iii. Dissolved Oxygen 5mg/l or more iv. Biochemical Oxygen Demand 5 days 20oC 3mg/l or less i. Total Coliforms Organism MPN/100ml shall be 5000 or less Drinking water source after ii. pH between 6 to 9 conventional treatment and C disinfections iii. Dissolved Oxygen 4mg/l or more iv. Biochemical Oxygen Demand 5 days 20oC 3mg/l or less i. pH between 6.5 to 8.5 Propagation of Wild life and ii. Dissolved Oxygen 4mg/l or more D Fisheries iii. Free Ammonia (as N) 1.2 mg/l or less i. pH between 6.0 to 8.5 ii. Electrical Conductivity at 25oC Irrigation, Industrial Cooling, micro mhos/cm Max.2250 E Controlled Waste disposal iii. Sodium absorption Ratio Max. 26 iv. Boron Max. 2mg/l Source: Guidelines for Water Quality Management – CPCB 2008. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 WATER QUALITY STANDARD AS PER BIS (IS: 10500:2012) S. Max. Permissible Limits in the Parameters Desirable Limit No. absence of alternate source Essential Characteristics: 1. Colour 5 25 2. Odour Unobjectionable Unobjectionable 3. Taste Agreeable Agreeable 4. Turbidity, NTU 5 10 5. pH Value 6.5 to 8.5 No relaxation 6. Total Hardness (as CaCO3), mg/l 300 600 7. Iron as Fe, mg/l 0.3 1.0 8. Chloride as Cl, mg/l 250 1000 9. Residual free Chlorine, mg/l 0.2 - Desirable Characteristics 10. Dissolved Solids, mg/l 500 2000 11. Calcium as Ca, mg/l 75 200 12. Copper as Cu, mg/l 0.05 1.5 13. Manganese as Mn, mg/l 0.10 0.3 14. Sulphate as SO4, mg/l 200 400 15. Nitrate as NO3, mg/l 45 100 16. Fluoride as F, mg/l 1.0 1.5 Phenolic Compounds as 17. 0.001 0.002 C6H5OH, mg/l 18. Mercury as Hg, mg/l 0.001 No relaxation 19. Cadmium as Cd, mg/l 0.01 No relaxation 20. Selenium as Se, mg/l 0.01 No relaxation 21. Arsenic as As, mg/l 0.05 No relaxation 22. Cyanide as CN, mg/l 0.05 No relaxation 23. Lead as Pb, mg/l 0.05 No relaxation 24. Zinc as Zn, mg/l 5.0 15.0 25. Anionic detergent as MBAS, mg/l 0.2 1.0 6+ 26. Chromium as Cr , mg/l 0.05 No relaxation Polynuclear aromatic hydro 27. - - carbon as PAH, g/l 28. Mineral Oil, mg/l 0.01 0.03 29. Pesticide, mg/l Absent 0.001 Radioactive materials: 30. i. Alpha Emitters, Bq/l - 0.1 ii. Beta Emitters, Bq/l - 1.0 31. Alkalinity, mg/l 200 600 32. Aluminum as Al, mg/l 0.03 0.2 33. Boron, mg/l 1.0 5.0 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 APPENDIX 4.2c: NATIONAL AMBIENT NOISE MONITORING STANDARDS, 2000 Noise Level (Leq dB (A))* Area/Class Day Time Night Time Industrial 75 70 Commercial/Mixed 65 55 Residential/Rural 55 45 Sensitive 50 40 Note-: 1. Day time shall mean from 6 a.m. to 10 p.m. 2. Night time shall mean from 10 p.m. to 6 a.m. 3. Silence Zone is an area comprising not less than 100 meters around hospitals, education institutions, courts, religious places or any other area, which is declared as such by Competent Authority. 4. Mixed categories of areas may be declared as one of the four above-mentioned categories by the Competent Authority. *dB(A) Leq denotes the time weighted average of the level of decibels on scale A which is related to Human Beings A “decibel” is the unit in which noise is measured “A” in dB(A) Leq, denotes the frequency weighted in the measurement of the noise corresponds to frequency response characteristics of the human ear. Leq: It is an energy means of the noise level over a specified period. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 5 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 APPENDIX 4.3: ECO-SENSITIVITY MAPS OF PROJECT ROADS Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Uvari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankovil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 APPENDIX 4.4a: DETAILS OF KOONTHAKULAM BIRD SANCTUARY Source: DFO, Tirunelveli Figure1: Map showing the area and villages demarcated for declaration of Eco Sensitive Zone around the Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary by DFO, Tirunelveli The lists of villages, demarcated for Eco Sensitive Zone creation around Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary other than Koonthakulam and Kadankulam, are as follows; 1. Kadankulam, 2. Arumuganeri, 3. Ayarakulam, 4. Ariyakulam, 5. Silayam, 6. Mankulam, 7. Kaluvur 8. Padakkam 9. Kudankulam 10. Tuttikulam 11. Eduppal DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Koonthakulam Prposed Eco Sensitive Zone Road (ESZ) around the Start Pt. Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary by State Govt. 5.25Km (nearest distance Kadankulum from project road) Project Road- Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Road End Pt. Note: Eco Sensitive Zone has been marked based on GPS points obtained from DFO, Tirunelveli Figure 2: Google map showing project road and distance from proposed ESZ of Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Figure 3: Map showing 10km buffer from nearest point of Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary intersecting Project road at km 15/500 (Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road upto ECR Junction, Section of SH 89) DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Table 1: List of Birds visiting Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary Common SL Status as per Status as English Scientific Name Status as per IUCN No. WPA, 1972 per CITES Name Ashy swallow 1. Artamus fuscus - - Least Concern ver 3.1 shrike Recurvirostra 2. Avocet - - Least Concern ver 3.1 avosetta Bar headed 3. Anser indicus - - Least Concern ver 3.1 Goose Baya weaver 4. Ploceus philippinus IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 bird Blackcapped 5. Halcyon pileata - - Least Concern ver 3.1 Kingfisher Black headed 6. Pycnonotus atriceps IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 bulbul Black headed 7. myna or Sturnus pagodarum IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Brahminy 8. Black ibis Pseudibis papillosa IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Blackwinged Himantopus 9. IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Stilt himantopus Roller (or)Blue Coracias 10. - - Least Concern ver 3.1 jay benghalensis Bluetailed 11. Merops philippinus - - Least Concern ver 3.1 bee-eater Bluewinged 12. Teal / Anas querquedula IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Garganey 13. Brahminy Kite Haliastur Indus I - Least Concern ver 3.1 Bronzewinged 14. Metopidius indicus IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Jacana 15. Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Common 16. Alcedo atthis - - Least Concern ver 3.1 Kingfisher Common 17. Aythya ferina IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 pochard Common 18. Tringa hypoleucos IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Sandpiper 19. Common Teal Anas crecca - - Least Concern ver 3.1 Sarkidiornis 20. Comp Duck IV II Least Concern ver 3.1 melanotos 21. Coot Fulica atra - - Least Concern ver 3.1 Cotton Teal or Nettapus 22. IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Pygmy Goose coromandelianus Dabchick or 23. Podiceps ruficollis - - Not yet been assessed Little Grebe Dalmatian Pelecanus 24. IV - Not yet been assessed Pelican philippensis Darter or 25. Anhinga rufa IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Snake Bird DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Common SL Status as per Status as English Scientific Name Status as per IUCN No. WPA, 1972 per CITES Name Black Drongo 26. Dicrurus adsimilis IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 (or) King crow Common (or) 27. Gallinago gallinago IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Fantail snipe Phoenicopterus 28. Flamingo - - Least Concern ver 3.1 roseus 29. Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Lesser Golden 30. Dinopium benghale IV - Not yet been assessed backed woodpecker 31. Crested lark Galerida cristata - - Least Concern ver 3.1 Great stone Esacus 32. - - Not yet been assessed plover magnirostrisnse Green 33. Tringa ochropus IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Sandpiper Crested tree Hemiprocne 34. - - Least Concern ver 3.1 swift longipennis Red wattled 35. Vanellus indicus IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 lapwing 36. Grey Heron Ardea cinerea IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Grey or 37. Spotted billed Pelecanus philippensis IV - Near Threatened ver 3.1 Pelican Black bellied 38. (or) Grey Pluvialis squatarola IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 plover Endangered 39. Adjutant Stork Leptoptilos dubius IV - A2bcd+3bcd+4bcd;C2a(ii) ver 3.1 40. Grey tit Parus major IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 41. Grey wagtail Motacilla cinerea IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Heart spotted 42. Hemicircus canente IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 wood pecker 43. Hoopee Upupa epops - - Least Concern ver 3.1 44. House crow Corvus splendus V - Not yet been assessed House 45. Passer domesticus IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 sparrow 46. House swift Apus affinis - - Least Concern ver 3.1 Indian 47. Gallinula chloropus IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Moorhen 48. Indian Myna Acridotheres tristis IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Indian Pied Motacilla 49. IV - Not yet been assessed Wagtail maderaspatensis Indian tree 50. Anthus hodgsoni IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 pipit DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 5 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Common SL Status as per Status as English Scientific Name Status as per IUCN No. WPA, 1972 per CITES Name 51. Indian pitta Pitta brachyura IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 52. Indian robin Szxicoloides fulicata - - Not yet been assessed Indian small 53. Alauda gulgula IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 skylark Indian great Acrocephalus 54. - - Least Concern ver 3.1 reed warbler stentoreus 55. Jungle myna Acridotheres fuscus IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Corvus 56. Junglw crow IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 macrorhynchos Falco tinnunculus 57. Kestrel - - Least Concern ver 3.1 linnaeus Large 58. Phalacrocorax carbo IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Cormorant 59. Large Egret Ardea alba - - Least Concern ver 3.1 Large Phoenicopterus 60. - - Least Concern ver 3.1 Flamingo roseus Large pied Motacilla 61. IV - Not yet been assessed wagtail maderaspatensis Lesser Phalacrocorax 62. IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Corrmorant fuscicollis Little 63. Phalacrocorax niger IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Cormorant 64. Little Egret Egretta garzetta - - Least Concern ver 3.1 Little Ringed 65. Charadrius dubius IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 plover 66. Little stint Calidris minuta IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 67. Magpie-Robin Copsychus saularis - - Least Concern ver 3.1 68. Mallard Anas paltyrhynchos - - Not yet been assessed 69. Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 70. Openbill Stork Anastomus oscitans IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 71. Painted Stork Mycteria leucocephala IV - Near Threatened ver 3.1 Paradise fly 72. Terpsiphone paradisi IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 catcher Pheasant- Hydrophasianus 73. IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 tailed Jacana chirurgus 74. Pied Kingfisher Ceryle rudis IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 75. Pintail Anas acuta IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 76. Pond Heron Ardeola grayii IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 77. Purple Heron Ardea purpurea IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Purple 78. Porphyrio porphyrio - - Least Concern ver 3.1 Moorhen Purpule 79. Nectarinia asiatica - - Least Concern ver 3.1 sunbird Red turle Streptopelia 80. - - Least Concern ver 3.1 dove tranquebarica Red winged 81. Mirafra erythroptera IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 bush lark Redwattled 82. Vanellus indicus IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Lapwing DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 6 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Common SL Status as per Status as English Scientific Name Status as per IUCN No. WPA, 1972 per CITES Name 83. Ring dove Streptopelia decaocto IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 84. River tren Sterna aurantia IV - Near Threatened ver 3.1 Phalacrocorax 85. Indian Shag IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 fuscicollis Copsychus 86. Shama IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 malabaricus India 87. Pterocles exustus IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Sandgrouse 88. Shovellar Anas clypeata - - Least Concern ver 3.1 Small blue 89. Alcedo atthis IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 kingfisher Small green 90. Merops orientalis - - Least Concern ver 3.1 bee-eater Smaller or 91. Egretta intermedia - - Least Concern ver 3.1 Median Egret 92. Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia I II Least Concern ver 3.1 93. Spotbill Duck Anas poecilorhyncha IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Spotted 94. Tringa glareola IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Sandpiper Blackwinged Himantopus 95. IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Stilt himantopus 96. Stone curlew Burhinus oedicnemus IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 97. Tailor bird Orthotomus sutorius IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 98. Pale harrier Circus macrourus I - Near Threatened ver 3.1 99. Spotted owlet Athene barama - - Not yet been assessed Dendrocitta 100. Tree pie - - Not yet been assessed vagabonds 101. Wigeon Anas penelope IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Indian 102. Whiskeed Childonias hybrida I - Not yet been assessed tren Whitebreasted Amaurornis 103. IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 water hen phoenicurus White bellied Dendrocitta 104. IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 tree pie leucogastra White 105. breasted Halcyon smyrnensis IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Kingfisher White browed 106. Pycnonotus lutelolus - - Not yet been assessed bulbul 107. White eye Zosterops palpebrosa - - Not yet been assessed Threskiornis 108. White Ibis - - Not yet been assessed melanocephala White Endangered scavenger Neophron 109. IV - A2bcde+3bcde+4bcde ver vulture percnopterus 3.1 White spotted 110. Fantail Fly Rhipidura albicollis IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 catcher 111. White Stork Ciconia ciconia I I Least Concern ver 3.1 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Common SL Status as per Status as English Scientific Name Status as per IUCN No. WPA, 1972 per CITES Name 112. White wagtail Motacilla alba IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 White breasted 113. Halcyon smyrnensis IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Kingfisher White breasted Amaurornis 114. IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Water hen phoenicurus Large Dendrocygna 115. IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 whistling teal javanica Yellow 116. Parus canthogenys - - Not yet been assessed cheeked tit Yellow eyed 117. Chrysomma sinense IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 babbler Yellow legged 118. Vanellus malabaricus - - Not yet been assessed button quil Yellow wag 119. Motacila flava - - Not yet been assessed tail Yellow watled 120. Vanellus malabaricus - - Not yet been assessed lapwing Broadbilled 121. Eurystomus orientalis IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 Roller Little 122. Phalacrocorax niger IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 cormorant WPA 1972: Wildlife Protection Act 1972; CITES: Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (Source: District and block forest offices, Tirunelveli) Table2: List of Migratory Birds visiting Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary Sl. Common Scientific Country Status as Status as Status as per IUCN No. Name name from where per WPA, per CITES migration 1972 takes place Migratory birds coming from abroad 1. White stork Ciconia ciconia Germany I I Least Concern ver 3.1 2. Bar headed Siberia - - Least Concern ver 3.1 Anser indicus Goose 3. Pintail Anas acuta Siberia IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 4. Common Anas crecca Siberia - - Least Concern ver 3.1 teal 5. Blue winged Anas Siberia IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 teal querquedula 6. Common Tringa Ladhak IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 sandpiper hypoleucos 7. Green Tringa Siberia IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 sandpiper ochropus 8. Spotted Tringa glareola Siberia IV - Least Concern ver 3.1 sandpiper Possibly a mixed group of migratory and Indian populations 1. Large Phoenicopterus Germany - - Least Concern ver 3.1 Flamingo roseus 2. Coot Fulica atra Northern - - Least Concern ver 3.1 Siberia 3. Green Tringa Central - - Least Concern ver 3.1 shank nebularia Siberia DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 (Source: District and block forest offices, Tirunelveli) Table3: Avifauna of Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary (impact zone & influence zone) Common English Scientific Name Status as per Status as Status as per IUCN Name WPA, 1972 per CITES Grey or Spotted Pelecanus IV - Near Threatened ver 3.1 billed Pelican philippensis Adjutant Stork Leptoptilos dubius IV - Endangered A2bcd+3bcd+4bcd;C2a(ii) ver 3.1 Painted Stork Mycteria IV - Near Threatened ver 3.1 leucocephala River tren Sterna aurantia IV - Near Threatened ver 3.1 Pale harrier Circus macrourus I - Near Threatened ver 3.1 (Source: District and block forest offices, Tirunelveli) Table4: List of Fishes of Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary Common SI. No. Zoological Name Family Habitat Name 1 Puntius chola (Ham.) Cyprinidae Podikendea Bottom dweller 2 P. vittatus (Day.) Cyprinidae Podikendea Bottom and column 3 P.ticto punctatus (Ham.) Cyprinidae Pottukendea dweller Bottom dweller 4 P.bimaculatus (Bleeker.) Cyprinidae Kobalakendea Bottom dweller 5 Rasbora daniconius (Ham.) Cyprinidae Kasalikendea Column dweller 6 Esomus thermoicos (Val.) Cvorinidae Thadioaravi Column dweller 7 Amblypharyngodon Cyprinidae Velichi Surface dweller 8 microlepsis Salmostoma (Bleeker.) clupeoides Cyprinidae Veplakendea Surface dweller 9 (Bloch.) Barbodies sarana Cyprinidae Natukendea Generalized 10 subnasutus (Val.) Lepidocephalus thermalis Cobitidae Ira meen Bottom and 11 (Val.) Mystus montanus Bagridae Sampal kelithi Confined to confined to mud mud and and clay clay 12 Mystus vittatus Bagridae Nari kelithi Confined to mud 13 lilapia mosambica Cichlidae Cilapi kendea and clayand bottom Column 14 Glossogobius giuris (Ham.) Cohiidae Oluvi dweller Bottom dweller, 15 Heteropneustes fossillis Heteropneust Theli adults found Confined in to mud (Bolch) idae holes and along the clay 16 Mastacebalus armatus Mastacembeli Aral Column dweller bank (Lacepede.) dae found in holes alonq Note: 16 species belong to 12 genera and 7 families the bank Dominant group- Tilapia mossambica - Exotic carp (introduced one) Table 5: List of Water Organisms of Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary SI. No. Common Name Zoological Name Family 1 Water bug Lethocerus grandis Belostomatidae 2 Water insect Notonecta sp. Notonectidae 3 Water scorpion Ranatra sp. Nepidae 4 Water scorpion Laccotrephes sp. Nepidae 5 Giant water bug Bellostoma sp. Belostomatidae 6 Frog Rana hexadactyla Class Amphibia DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 9 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 SI. No. Common Name Zoological Name Family 7 Frog Bufo sp. Class Amphibia 8 Crab Paratelphsa hydrodromus Paratelphusidae 9 Water snake Natrix natrix Class Reptilia Table 6: List of Phytoplankton’s of Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary SI. No. Botanical Name Class 1 Ankistrodesmus sp. Chlorophyceae 2 Chlamydamonous sp. Chlorophyceae 3 Fragillaria sp. Bacillariophyceae 4 Heterococcus caespitosus Cyanophyceae 5 Merismopedia tenuispica Cyanophyceae 6 Monocilia viridis Chrysophyceae 7 Navicula sp. Bacillariophyceae 8 Nostoc sp. Cyanophyceae 9 Oscillatoria sp. Cyanophyceae 10 Spirogyra sp. Chlorophyceae 11 Spirulina sp. Chlorophyceae 12 Stauroneis sp. Bacillariophyceae 13 Tabellaria sp. Bacillariophyceae 14 Tetraspora sp. Chlorophyceae 15 Volvox sp. Chlorophyceae 16 Ulothrix sp. Chlorophyceae Table 7: List of Zooplanktons of Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary SI. No. Zoological Name Family / Class 1 Brachionus caudatus Brachionaea 2 Calanus sp. Calanoidae 3 Chironomus sp. Chironomidae 4 Daphnia pulex Daphnidae 5 Lepadella sp. Brachionaea 6 Mesocyclops sp. Cyclopida 7 Moina sp. Moinidae 8 Nematode worm Class Nematoda 9 Pila larva Class Gastropoda Table 8: List of Tree Species of Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary SI. No. Botanical Name Family 1 Acacia nilotica Mimosaceae 2 Azadirachta indica A.Juss. Meliaceae 3 Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn. Bombacaceae 4 Cocos nucifera L. Palmaceae 5 Borassus flabellifer L. Palmaceae 6 Delonix elata Gamb. Caesalpiniace 7 Ficus bengalensis L. Moraceae 8 Ficus religiosa L. Moraceae 9 Mangifera indica L. Anacardiaceae 10 Marinda pubescens Smith. Rubiaceae 11 Moringa oleifera L. Moringaceae 12 Polyalthia longifolia Hk.f. & T. Annonaceae 13 Syzyigium cuminii (L.) Skeels. Myrtaceae 14 Tamarindus indica L. Caesalpiniace 15 Odina wodier Roxb. Anacardiaceae 16 Peltophorum petrocarpum (Dc.) Baker ex Heyne Caesalpiniaceae DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 10 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Table 9: List of Herbs, Shrubs, Creepers & Climbers of Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary SI. No. Botanical Name Family 1 Abutilon indicum G.Don. Malvaceae 2 Acalypha indica L. Euphorbiaceae 3 Achyranthes aspera L. Amaranthaceae 4 Aerva lanata Juss. Amaranthaceae 5 Altemanthera sessilis R.Br. Amaranthaceae 6 Amaranthus polygamus L. Amaranthaceae 7 Amaranthus spinosus L. Amaranthaceae 8 Ammnia baccifera L. Lythraceae 9 Andrographis paniculata Nees. Acanthaceae 10 Anisomeles malabarica R.Br. Lamiaceae 11 Argemone mexicana L. Papavaraceae 12 Aristolochia bracteata Retz. Aristolochiaceae 13 Barlerai cuspidata Heyne. Acanthaceae 14 Biophytum sensitivum De.. Oxalidaceae 15 Blainvillea acmella Asteraceae 16 Blastania garcini Cogn. Cucurbitaceae 17 Boerhaavia diffusa L. Nyctaginaceae 18 Borresia hispida K.Sch. Rubiaceae 19 Calotropis gigntea R.Br. Asclipiadaceae 20 Cassia auriculata L. Caesalpiniaceae 21 Cassia obtusa Roxb. Caesalpiniaceae · 22 Cassia occidentalis L. Caesalpiniaceae 23 Celoisa polygonoides Retz. Amaranthaceae 24 Citrulus colocynthis Schrad. Cucurbitaceae 25 Cissus quadrangularis L. Vitaceae 26 Cleome viscosa L. Capparaceae 27 Corrimelina benghalensis L. Commelinaceae 28 Corchorus capsularis L. Tiliaceae 29 Croton sparciflorus Mor. Euphorbiaceae 30 Datura mete! L. Solanaceae 31 Eclipta alba Hassk. Asteraceae 32 Euphorbia hirta L. Euphorbiaceae 33 Evolvulus alsinoides L. Convolvulaceae 34 Geniosporum prostratum Benth. Lamiaceae 35 Gisekia phamaceoides L. Aizoaceae 36 Gomphrena globosa L. Amaranthaceae 37 Gomphrena deccumbens Jacq. Amaranthaceae 38 Indigofera enneaphylla L. Fabaceae 39 Indigofera tinctoria L. Fabaceae 40 Lawsonia inerm1s L. Lythraceae 41 Leucas aspera Spr. Laminaceae 42 Lippia nodiflora Mich. Verbanaceae 43 Marsilea Sp. Marsileaceae 44 Merremia hastata Hall.f. Convolvulanceae 45 Mollugo nudicaulis Lam. Aizoaceae 46 Mollugo pentaphylla L. Aizoaceae 47 Nothosaerva brachiata W. Amaranthaceae 48 Ocimum basilicum L. Lamiaceae DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 11 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 SI. No. Botanical Name Family 49 Ocimum canum Sims. Lamiaceae 50 Ocimum tenuiflorum L. Lamiaceae 51 Oldenlandia umbellata L. Rubiaceae 52 Oldenlandia corymbosa L. Rubiaceae 53 Passiflora foetida L. Passifloraceae 54 Pavonia zeylanica Cav. Malvaceae 55 Pedalium murex L. Pedaliaceae 56 Phyllanthus amarus Skhum and Thonn Euphorbiaceae 57 Phyllanthus maderaspatensis L. Euphorbiaceae 58 Rungia repens Nees. Acanthaceae 59 Rivea omata Choisty. Convolvulaceae 60 Sida acuta Burm. Malvaceae 61 Sida cordifolia L. Malvaceae 62 Sphaeranthus indicus L. Asteraceae 63 Tephrosia purpurea Pers. Fabaceae 64 Trianthema portulacastrum L. Aizoaceae 65 Tribulus terrestris L. Zygophyllaceae 66 Trichodesma indicum R.Br. Boraginaceae 67 Tridax procumbens L. Asteraceae 68 Vernonia cinerea Less. Asteraceae 69 Vicoa indica De. Asteraceae 70 Waltheria indicca L. Sterculiaceae Table 10: List of Grasses of Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary SI. No. Botanical Name Family 1 Andropogon pumilus Roxb. Poaceae 2 Aristida adscencionis L. Poaceae 3 Aristida depressa Retz. Poaceae 4 Cyperus difformis L. Cyperaceae 5 Cyperus Kylingia Cyperaceae 6 Cyperus tenuispica Stend. Cyperaceae 7 Cynodon dactylon Pers. Poaceae 8 Dactylotenium aegyptium Beauv. Poaceae 9 Eragrostis japonica Trin. Poaceae 10 Eragrostis viscosa Stapf. Poaceae 11 Eremopogon foveolauts Stapf. Poaceae 12 Fimbristylis complanata (L) Vahl. Cyperaceae 13 Fimbristylis complanata Link. Cyperaceae 14 Perotis indica O.Ktz. Poaceae Table 11: List of Plants of Agricultural importance of Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary SI. No. Botanical Name Family 1 Arachis hypogaea Willd. Fabaceae 2 Curcuma domestica L. Zingiberaceae 3 Dolichos biflorus L. Fabaceae. 4 Gossypium hirsutum Malvaceae 5 Musa paradisiaca L. Musaceae 6 Oryza sativa L. Poaceae 7 Pisum sativum L. Fabaceae 8 Sesamum indicum L. Pedaliaceae 9 Solanum melongena L. Solanaceae 10 Sorghum bicolor Moench. Poaceae DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 12 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 SI. No. Botanical Name Family 11 Vigna mungo L. Fabaceae DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 13 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 APPENDIX 4.4b: DETAILS OF SRIVILLIPUTTUR GRIZZLED GIANT SQUIRREL WILDLIFE SANCTUARY Source: Wildlife Warden, Srivilliputtur Grizzled Squirrel Sanctuary, Virudhnagar District Figure1: Map showing the Srivilliputtur Grizzled Squirrel Sanctuary DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 14 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Source: Wildlife Warden, Srivilliputtur Grizzled Squirrel Sanctuary, Virudhnagar District Figure 2: Map Showing proposed ESZ around Srivilliputtur Grizzled Squirrel Sanctuary by State Govt. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 15 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Figure 3: Map showing 10km buffer from nearest point of Srivilliputtur Sanctuary intersecting Project road at km 6/000 (Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil- Tirunelveli section of SH-41) DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 16 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Table 1: List of Mammals in Srivilliputtur Grizzled Giant Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary Sl. Common Species Name Family Endemic Status IUCN IW(P)A No. Name Threat Schedule Status 1. Gaur Bos gaurus Bovidae No VU I 2. Nilgiri tahr Hemitragus Bovidae To montane LR/Nt I hylocrius grasslands in the Western Ghats 3. Chital Axis axis Cervidae No LR/Lc IV 4. Sambar Cervus unicolor Cervidae No LR/Lc III 5. Barking deer Muntiacus Cervidae No LR/Lc III muntjak 6. Wild pig Sus scrofa Suidae No LR/Lc III 7. Mouse deer Moschiola Tragulidae No LR/Lc III meminna 8. Jackal Canis aureus Canidae No LR/Lc II 9. Indian wild Cuon alpines Canidae No LR/nt I dog 10. Leopard Panther pardus Felidae No VU I 11. Tiger Panther tigeris Felidae To India EN I 12. Sloth bear Melursus ursinus Ursidae No VU I 13. Common Paradoxurus Viverridae No LR/Lc II palm civet hermaphorditus 14. Small Indian Viverricula indica Viverridae No LR/Nt II civet 15. Short eared Paeaechinus Erinaceidae No VU hedgehog micropus nudiventris 16. Indian Manis Manidae No LR/Nt I pangolin crassicaudata 17. Bonnet Macaca radiate Cercopith II macaque ecidae 18. Lion tailed Macaca silenus Cercopith EN I macaque ecidae 19. Common Semnopithecus ‘’ No LR/Nt langur entellus 20. Nilgiri langur Semnopithecus ‘’ VU I johnii 21. Slender loris Loris targigradus Loridae No LR/Nt I 22. Asian Elephas maximus Elephantidae No EN I elephant 23. Indian Hystrix indica Hystricidae No LR/Nt I porcupine 24. Three striped Funambulus Sciuridae No LR/Lc palm squirrel palmarum 25. Malabar Ratufa indica Sciuridae To peninsular LR/Nt giant squirrel India 26. Grizzled Ratufa macroura Sciuridae No EN I Giant Squirrel 27. Jungle cat Felis chaus LR/Nt 28. Common Herpestes LR/LC mangoose edwardsi 29. Striped Herpestes LR/Nt IV DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 17 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Sl. Common Species Name Family Endemic Status IUCN IW(P)A No. Name Threat Schedule Status necked vitticolis mongoose 30. The striped Hyanena hyaena Herpestidae No LR/Nt II hyaena 31. Fruit bat Petopus Gigantus Hyaenidae No LR/Nt 32. Nilgiri Marten Martes Gwatkinsi Mustelidae To higher DD I elevation forests Table 2: List of Amphibians in Srivilliputtur Grizzled Giant Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary Sl. Common Species Name Family Endemic IUCN Threat No. Name Status Status 1. Marbled toad Bufo stomaticus Bufonidae -- DD 2. Common Bufo melanostictus ‘’ Vulnerable Vu Indian toad 3. Ridges toad Bufo parietalis ‘’ Endemic LR-NT/N 4. Small eared Bufo Ranidae Near LR-NT toad microtympanum threatened 5. Indian pond Rana hexadactyla ‘’ DD frog 6. Indian Cricket Rana limnocharis ‘’ Vu/N frog 7. Skipping Frog Rana ‘’ LR-NT cyanophylyctis 8. Indian bull frog Rana tigerina ‘’ Vu/N 9. Fungoid frog Rana malabarica ‘’ Near LR-NT threatened 10. Bronzed frog Rana temporalis ‘’ 11. Common tree Rhacophorus Rhacophor idea Endemic Vu frog pleuresticus 12. Malabar flying Rhacophorus ‘’ Endemic LR-NT frog malabaricus 13. Pretty bush Philtautus cf. ‘’ Vulnerable Vu frog pulcherrimus 14. Seashachar’s Philtautus charius ‘’ LR-NT bush frog 15. Tinkling frog Philtautus cf. ‘’ LR-NT variabilis 16. Bush frog Philtautus sp. ‘’ LR-NT 17. Narrow Ramanella sp. Microhylidae Endemic mouthed frog 18. Beddome’s Indirana beddomi Ranixalidae Vulnerable Vu leaping frog 19. Thin legged Indirana ‘’ Vulnerable Vu leaping frog leptodactyla 20. Brown leaping Indirana ‘’ frog semipalatus 21. Leaping frog Indirana sp. 22. Verrucose frog Fejervarya Dicroglossidae keralensis DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 18 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Sl. Common Species Name Family Endemic IUCN Threat No. Name Status Status 23. Dusky torrent Micrixalus fuscus Micrixalidae LR-NT frog 24. Large wrinkled Nyctibatrachus Nyctibatrachidae Near LR-NT frog major threatened Table 3: List of Reptiles in Srivilliputtur Grizzled Giant Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary Sl. Common Species Name Family Endemic IUCN Threat No. Name Status Status 1. Hemidactylus Brooks gecho Gekkonidae LR brookii 2. Hemidactylus Asian house gecho Gekkonidae LR frenatus 3. Hemidactylus Bark gecho Gekkonidae LR leschenaultia 4. Nilgiri day Cnemaspis indica Gekkonidae E Vu gecko 5. Ponmudi day Cnemaspis nairi Gekkonidae gecko 6. Ornate day Cnemaspis ornatus Gekkonidae E Vu gecko 7. Day decko Cnemaspis sp. Gekkonidae 8. Anaimalai Dravidogecko Gekkonidae E Vu gecko anamallensis 9. Spotted rock Hemidactylus Gekkonidae E LR gecko maculatus 10. Elliot’s forest Calotes ellioti Agamidae E LR lizard 11. Large scaled Calotes Agamidae E LR forest lizard grandisquamis 12. Western Ghats Draco dussumieri Agamidae E LR flying lizards 13. Fan throated Sitana ponticeriana Agamidae LR lizard 14. Indian Garden Calotes versicolor Agamidae LR lizard 15. Common Calotes calotes Agamidae LR Green calotes 16. South Indian Psammophilus Agamidae E LR Rock lizard doasalis 17. Bronzed skink Mabuya macularia Scincidae LR 18. Beddome’s Scincella Scincidae E NoE skink laterimaculatum 19. Travancore cat Ristella Scincidae E Vu skink travancoricum 20. Keeled grass Mabuya carinata Scincidae LR skink 21. Beddom’s Mabuya beddomii Scincidae LR grass skink 22. Snake skink Riopa punctata Scincidae LR 23. Common Varanus Varanidae Vu monitor bengalensis 24. Elliot’s Uropeltis elliotis Uropeltidae E LR DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 19 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Sl. Common Species Name Family Endemic IUCN Threat No. Name Status Status shieldtail 25. Periyar Uropeltis acrcticeps Uropeltidae E LR shieltail madurensis 26. Anamalai Uropeltis Uropeltidae E DD shieldtail macrorhynchus 27. Dindigul Uropeltis Uropeltidae E CR shieldtail Dindigullensis 28. Montane Coclognathus Colubridae trinket snake helena monticollaris 29. Rat snake Ptyas mucosus Colubridae 30. Black spotted Oligodon venustum Colubridae E LR kukri snake 31. Travancore Oligodon Colubridae E LR kukri snake travancoricus 32. Travancore Lycodon Colubridae LR wolf snake travancoricus 33. Checkered Xenochropis Colubridae LR keelback piscator 34. Western Rat Ptyas mucosus Colubridae LR Snake 35. Common vine Ahaetulla nasutus Colubridae LR snake 36. Common Bungarus Elapidae LR Indian krait caeruleus 37. Indian cobra Naja naja Elapidae LR 38. King cobra Ophiophagus Elapidae LR Hannah 39. Russle’s viper Vipera russelli Viperidae LR 40. Large scale pit Trimeresurus Viperidae E LR viber macrolepis 41. Python Python molurus Boidae LR 42. Russel’s earh Eryx conica Boidae LR Boa 43. Chameleon Chameaeleo Chamele onidae VU zeylanicus 44. Beddome’s Amphiesma Colubridae E LR keelback beddomei 45. Green Macrophisthodon Colubridae LR keelback plumbicolor 46. Cat snake Boiga ceylonensis Colubridae NoE 47. Gunther’s vine Ahaetulla dispar Colubridae E LR snake 48. Striped coral Calliophis Elepidae E LR snake nigrescens 49. Hump nosed Hypnale hypnale Viperidae LR pit viper 50. Large scaled Trimeresurus Viperidae E LR pit viper macrolepis 51. Malabar pit Trimeresurus Viperidae E LR viper malabaricus (Source: Wildlife Warden, Srivilliputtur Grizzled Giant Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary, Virudhnagar) DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 20 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 IUCN: International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources; EX: Extinct; CR: Critically Endangered; EN: Endangered; VU: Vulnerable; NT: Near Threatened; LC: Least Concern; DD: Data Deficient; IW(P)A: Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. Table 4: List of Plant Species serving as food for Grizzled Squirrel Sl. No. Tree Species Part Eaten 1. Tamarind Indica Bark, Seeds, Flower, Leaves and Fruits 2. Albizzia amara Bark and Fruits 3. Albizzia lebbeck Leaves and Flowers 4. Loranthus Leaves and Seeds 5. Santalum Album Fruits 6. Mangifera Indica Flower, Leaves and Fruits 7. Carrisa carandus Leaves and Fruits 8. Randia Dumetorum Fruits 9. Psidium guajava Flower, Fruits and Leaves (Source: Wildlife Warden, Srivilliputtur Grizzled Giant Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary, Virudhnagar) DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 21 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 APPENDIX 5.1: DETAILS OF PUBLIC CONSULTATION HELD ALONG PROJECT ROADS A. DETAILS OF INFORMAL PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS S.No. Name of Type of Date and Issues Raised Suggestion form Participants Mitigation Measures Road Stakeholder Time 1. Nanguneri - Shopkeeper and 06.12.13 at In Tisaiyanvillai Villagers suggested Provision of by pass in Bharatavara Customer at village, road is very providing bypass in this area congested areas will be m - Ovari 12.00 noon narrow and in day Dust suppression should be analyzed during detailed Road (km Tisaiyanvillai Village to day life, villagers to minimize air pollution design face problem in impacts during construction. Widening in built up areas 0/000 to km crossing the market Compensation should be having insufficient RoW 35/200), Photo Plate- Loss of shops & paid to the affected persons will be avoided Section of SH 1 residential before acquisition of land or However, such stretches 89 structures assets will be considered for Negative impact on The process of valuation strengthening only existing business should be transparent Project information shall Impact on religious On Nanguneri - Ovari, road be shared regularly with structures and there are very few trees, the local community schools hence, more trees should be Design shall be adjusted planted along this road. to avoid impact on Locals should be given religious structures, preference during schools or any other construction works of project sensitive structures road. Payment of compensation at market value Design adjustment to avoid impact on road side ponds Partially impacted ponds will be provided with protection wall DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 S.No. Name of Type of Date and Issues Raised Suggestion form Participants Mitigation Measures Road Stakeholder Time 2 Nanguneri - Mr. R. Isaac Paulraj 27.03.2014 Impact on road side Bypass from Chainage Considering the impacts Bharatavara (Ret. DSP) and Mr. Caldwell Centenary 31+100 to 32+800 to avoid and problems, the design m - Ovari Stefan (Ret. Memorial Hr. demolition of structures of has been restricted within Road (km Teacher) Secondary School their 200 years old village for available ROW in this 12:15pm Total road width of which they have objection. stretch in Idaiyangudi 0/000 to km Idaiyangudi Village 9 m near the end Village 35/200), boundary wall of If the present alignment is Section of SH church and house chosen, it may also cause 89 Photo Plate- of Mr. R. Isaac risk to the student of the 2A to 2D Paulraj (Ret. DSP) School (Photo Plate – 2D) at chainage 31+595 and structure demolition, (Photo Plate – 2B) which has objection from and around 10m to local people. 11 m from the boundary wall of Caldwell Centenary Memorial Hr. Secondary School from chainage 31- 690 to 31+900 (Photo Plate -2C) which have around 1000 student. Also the existing road all over the stretch is narrow 3. Villagers of 09.12.13 at Impact on temples There are number of ponds Widening in built up areas Paruvakudi - Impact on road side (Kulam and Oorani) along having insufficient RoW Kovilpatti - Naduvadapatti ponds this road. Some of them are will be avoided DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 S.No. Name of Type of Date and Issues Raised Suggestion form Participants Mitigation Measures Road Stakeholder Time Ettayapuram - Village 10.00 am Negative impact on very old and near to the road However, such stretches Vilathikulam - existing business so they should be saved. will be considered for Vembar Road Social issues Waiting shed, bus stop shed strengthening only (Health, sanitation, and public urinal should be (km 22/500 to Project information shall Photo Employment and constructed with the help of km 38/750 be shared regularly with Plate-3 Poverty and etc.) the project money the local community and km Valuation of properties Design shall be adjusted 41/300 to km should be based on market to avoid impact on 56/700), values religious structures, Section of Religious structures and schools or any other schools should be protected sensitive structures SH44 as far as possible Payment of compensation Adequate livelihood support at market value to the affected persons Design adjustment to Local labours should be avoid impact on road appointed in the construction side ponds of the road Partially impacted ponds Noise barriers should be will be provided with provided in front of school, protection walls temples and those houses that have come nearer to the proposed road due to the widening of the road. 4. Km 55/100 05/02/2014 Traffic noise Widening of road should be Suggestion regarding to Rajapalayam problem in the taken without creating noise. road noise and road - SH -41 11:00am school due to Proper road safety signage’s accident will be considered Sankarankoil vehicles plying on along the road during road designing. – Tirunelveli School Staff of Photo the road. Speed breaker or other (km 1/800 to Govt. Higher Plate - 4 Possibility of road facilities should be provided DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 S.No. Name of Type of Date and Issues Raised Suggestion form Participants Mitigation Measures Road Stakeholder Time km 28/000 Secondary School, accident in school to prevent road accident. and km Vannikonadal, zone. Green plantation strip should 33/800 to km Sankarankoil Road crossing be developed along the road problem near the near school. 82/800), school gate. Section of SH41 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Informal Public Consultation- Photo Plates Photo Plate1: SH-89 (Nanguneri to Ovari), Tisaiyanvillai Village Photo Plate 2A: Consultation with Mr. R. Isaac Paulraj Photo Plate 2B: Boundary wall of Church and (Ret. DSP) and Mr. Stefan (Ret. Teacher) Caldwell House of Mr. R. Isaac Paulraj (Ret. DSP) at Km Entinary Memorial Hr. Secondary School, SH89 31+595, SH89 Photo Plate 2C: Caldwell Entinary Memorial Hr. Photo Plate 2D: Caldwell Entinary Memorial Hr. Secondary School along SH89 Secondary School, SH89 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 5 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Photo Plate 3: SH-44 (Naduvapatti to Ettayapuram), Naduvadapatti Village Photo Plate 4: Public Consultation at Km 55/100 (SH-41) in the Govt. Higher Secondary School, Vannikonadal, Sankarankoil DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 6 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 B. DETAILS OF FORMAL PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS MINUTES OF THE PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETING – PPC 05 – Meeting No: PC 01 District: Tirunelveli, Thoothukudi and Virudhunagar Taluk: Kovilpatti, Sankarankoil and Ettayapuram Villages: 10 villages and Kovipatti Town (From Naduvapatti to Kovilpatti) Road Stretch Name and No: SH 44 – Naduvapatti – Kovipatti – Ettayapuram Road Road Length: 33.700 km Chainage: From 22/500 km to 37/000 km (22/500 to 37/00 km for the Coverage for Public Consultation) Nature of work: Strengthening and widening of Roads Name of the Consultant: M/s SMEC India (P) Ltd (JV) SMEC INTERNATIONAL PTY. LTD. Public Consultation Details: Date: 13.05.2014 Time: 10.00 am Venue: Lakshmi Mahal, Opp to East Police Station, Kovipatti Town Subject Matter of Public Consultation: Preliminary Public Consultation for DPR preparation. Date of intimation sent to stakeholders and others in vicinity: 09.05.2014 Name and position of Key professionals attended the PC: Mr. S.K.SINHA Team Leader, SMEC Mr. DEEPAK MALIK Environmental Specialist, SMEC Mrs. VIJAYA.V Social Development Specialist, SMEC Name and position of Sub Key professionals attended the PC: Mr. MAHAVEER Environmental wing, SMEC Ms. SIPPY N KUMAR Environmental wing, SMEC Mr. AJAY SHARMA Social Development wing, SMEC Mr. Renu Kumar Administration wing, SMEC Stakeholders Attended: Mr.Khaja Mohideen Town Planning Officer Kovilpatti Muncipality Mr.Kumar Town Planning Inspector Kovilpatti Muncipality Ms. Kalaiselvi Village Administrative Assistance Puliyamkulam Village Ms. Rajeswari Village Administrative Assistance Ayyaneri Village Mr. P.Pothiraju Village Administrative Officer DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Ayyaneri Village Mr. Sreekanth Village Administrative Officer Appaneri Village Mr. K.Srinivasan Village Administrative Officer Puliyamkulam Village Mr.Marimuthu Police Sub Inspector Kovilpatti East Police Station Kovilpatti. (Attendance sheet attached) Government Officials attended: Mrs. Geetha Additional Divisional Engineer, TNRSP Thoothukudi division Ms. A.Nirmala Jackuline Assistant Engineer, TNRSP Ramnad division (Attendance sheet attached) MLAs/ MPs/ Chairperson/ panchayat presidents attended: Village panchayat presidents attended Mr.Alagarsamy Panchayat President Mukkuttumalai Village Mr.Karuppasamy Panchayat President Ayyaneri Village Mr.Manikandan Panchayat President Puliyankulam Village Mr.Rajendran Panchayat Secretary Ilayarenthal Village (Attendance sheet attached) Briefing of the project and subject matter of discussion: Project briefing Technical details of road design Environmental aspects of road Social aspects of road (Minutes of the Public Consultation meeting attached) DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 MINUTES OF THE PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETING – PPC 05 – Meeting No: PC 02 District: Tirunelveli and Thoothukudi Taluk: Kovilpatti and Ettayapuram Villages: 06 villages (From Tittankulam to Ettayapuram) Road Stretch Name and No: SH 44 – Naduvapatti – Kovipatti – Ettayapuram Road Road Length: 33.700 km Chainage: From 22/500 km to 37/000 km (37/00 km to 56 / 700km - Coverage for Public Consultation) Nature of work: Strengthening and widening of Roads Name of the Consultant: M/s SMEC India (P) Ltd (JV) SMEC INTERNATIONAL PTY. LTD. Public Consultation Details: Date: 13.05.2014 Time: 03.00 pm Venue: Panchayat Community Hall, Ettayapuram Village. Subject Matter of Public Consultation: Preliminary Public Consultation for DPR preparation. Date of intimation sent to stakeholders and others in vicinity: 09.05.2014 Name and position of Key professionals attended the PC: Mr. S.K.SINHA Team Leader, SMEC Mr. DEEPAK MALIK Environmental Specialist, SMEC Mrs. VIJAYA.V Social Development Specialist, SMEC Name and position of Sub Key professionals attended the PC: Mr. MAHAVEER Environmental wing, SMEC Ms. SIPPY N KUMAR Environmental wing, SMEC Mr. AJAY SHARMA Social Development wing, SMEC Mr. Renu Kumar Administration wing, SMEC Stakeholders Attended: Mr.Balasubramaniam BSNL EPR (Attendance sheet attached) Government Officials attended: Mrs. Geetha Additional Divisional Engineer, TNRSP Thoothukudi division Ms. A.Nirmala Jackuline Assistant Engineer, TNRSP Ramnad division (Attendance sheet attached) MLAs/ MPs/ Chairperson/ panchayat presidents attended: Village panchayat presidents attended Mr.Govindasami Panchayat President DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 9 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Ettayapuram Village Mr.Ganesan Panchayat President Elambavanam Village (Attendance sheet attached) Briefing of the project and subject matter of discussion: Project briefing Technical details of road design Environmental aspects of road Social aspects of road (Minutes of the Public Consultation meeting attached) DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 10 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 MINUTES OF THE PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETING – PPC 05 – Meeting No: PC 06 District: Thoothukudi Taluk: Nanguneri, and Radhapuram Villages: 10 villages.( From Nanguneri to Kakkan Nagar) Road Stretch Name and No: SH 89 – Nanguneri – Bharatvaram – Ovari Road Road Length: 35.200 km Chainage: From 0/000 to 35/200 km (0/000 km to 15/000km - Coverage for Public Consultation) Nature of work: Strengthening and widening of Roads. Name of the Consultant: M/s SMEC India (P) Ltd (JV) SMEC INTERNATIONAL PTY. LTD. Public Consultation Details: Date: 15.05.2014 Time: 10.00 am Venue: Panchayat Union Community Hall, Emankulam Village. Subject Matter of Public Consultation: Preliminary Public Consultation for DPR preparation. Date of intimation sent to stakeholders and others in vicinity: 09.05.2014 Name and position of Key professionals attended the PC: Mr. S.K.SINHA Team Leader, SMEC Mr. DEEPAK MALIK Environmental Specialist, SMEC Mrs. VIJAYA.V Social Development Specialist, SMEC Name and position of Sub Key professionals attended the PC: Mr. MAHAVEER Environmental wing, SMEC Ms. SIPPY N KUMAR Environmental wing, SMEC Mr. AJAY SHARMA Social Development wing, SMEC Mr. Renu Kumar Administration wing, SMEC Stakeholders Attended: Mr.Ramanathan Sub Inspector of Police Nangauneri Police Station , Nanguneri. Mr.Ravi Revenue Inspector Nanguneri. Mr.Robinraj Village Administration Officer Iraipubari Village. Mr.Samy.S Village Administration Officer Singaneri Village. Government Officials attended: Mr.Chandran Divisional Engineer, TNRSP DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 11 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Thoothukudi division. Mrs. Geetha Additional Divisional Engineer, TNRSP Thoothukudi division Mr. Akbar Ali Assistant Engineer, Highways Department C& M, Nanguneri. (Attendance sheet attached) MLAs/ MPs/ Chairperson/ panchayat presidents attended: Village panchayat presidents attended Mr.Manikaraj Ex MLA Naguneri Constituency Nanguneri Village Mr.D.Ramunjam Panchayat Union Councilor Nanguneri Village Mr.R.Sivalingam Panchayat President Iraibupari paatapuramVillage Mr.Pauldurai Panchayat President Iraipubari Village. (Attendance sheet attached) Briefing of the project and subject matter of discussion: Project briefing Technical details of road design Environmental aspects of road Social aspects of road (Minutes of the Public Consultation meeting attached) DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 12 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 MINUTES OF THE PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETING – PPC 05 – Meeting No: PC 07 District: Thoothukudi Taluk: Nanguneri, and Radhapuram Villages: 07 villages (From S.Vijayanagaram to Idaiyangudi) Road Stretch Name and No: SH 89 – Nanguneri – Bharatvaram – Ovari Road Road Length: 35.200 km Chainage: From 0/000 to 35/200 km (15/000km –35/200 km Coverage for Public Consultation) Nature of work: Strengthening and widening of Roads. Name of the Consultant: M/s SMEC India (P) Ltd (JV) SMEC INTERNATIONAL PTY. LTD. Public Consultation Details: Date: 15.05.2014 Time: 03.00 pm Venue: Sree Avvoodaiammal Thirumana Mandapam, Tisanyanvillai. Subject Matter of Public Consultation: Preliminary Public Consultation for DPR preparation. Date of intimation sent to stakeholders and others in vicinity: 09.05.2014 Name and position of Key professionals attended the PC: Mr. S.K.SINHA Team Leader, SMEC Mr. DEEPAK MALIK Environmental Specialist, SMEC Mrs. VIJAYA.V Social Development Specialist, SMEC Name and position of Sub Key professionals attended the PC: Mr. MAHAVEER Environmental wing, SMEC Ms. SIPPY N KUMAR Environmental wing, SMEC Mr. AJAY SHARMA Social Development wing, SMEC Mr. Renu Kumar Administration wing, SMEC Stakeholders Attended: Mr.Suyamburajan Lions District Governor Mr.R.Balan Vice President SOAUBY Singaneri Village. Mr.Timber Selvaraj President Shop Owners Assoication Tisayanvillai. Mr.Soundararajan State Joint Secretary Tamilnadu Shop Owners Association, Tisyanvilai. Government Officials attended: Mr.Chandran Divisional Engineer, DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 13 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 TNRSP Thoothukudi division. Mrs. Geetha Additional Divisional Engineer, TNRSP Thoothukudi division (Attendance sheet attached) MLAs/ MPs/ Chair person/ panchayat presidents attended: Village panchayat presidents attended Mr.Michael Rayappan Member of State Assembly MLA Tisyanvillai. *Mr. Michael Rayappan joint for discussion with the DE and DPR Consultant after the meeting, due to pre commitment. Mr.A.K.Srinivasan Panchayat Union Chairman Tisyanvilai Town Panchayat. Mr.V.S.R. Jeganathan Panchayat Union Chairman Radhapuram Union. Mr.K.P.K.Selvaraj Councilor Radhapuram Union. Ms.M.Jansirani Ward Councilor Tisayanvillai (Attendance sheet attached) Briefing of the project and subject matter of discussion: Project briefing Technical details of road design Environmental aspects of road Social aspects of road (Minutes of the Public Consultation meeting attached) DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 14 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 MINUTES OF THE PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETING – PPC 05 – Meeting No: PC 01 District: Virudhunagar and Tirunelveli Taluk: Rajapalayam, Sankarankoil Villages: 8 villages (from Rajapalayam to Pandapuli) Road Stretch Name and No: SH 41 – Rajapalayam – Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli Road Road Length: 79.930 km Chainage : From km 0/000 to km 85/730 (From km 0/000 to km 13/500 for the Coverage for Public Consultation) Nature of work: Strengthening and widening of Roads Name of the Consultant: M/s SMEC India (P) Ltd (JV) SMEC INTERNATIONAL P Ltd. Public Consultation Details: Date: 24.06.2014 Time: 10.00 am Venue: Vignesh Mahal, Morambu, Cholapuram Subject Matter of Public Consultation: Preliminary Public Consultation for DPR preparation. Date of intimation sent to stakeholders and others in vicinity: 19.06.2014 Name and position of Key professionals attended the PC: Mr. Elango Design Engineer, SMEC Dr. R. Rajkumr Social Development Specialist, SMEC Name and position of Sub key professionals attended the PC: Mr. Mahaveer Saini Environmental wing, SMEC Ms. Jitendra GIS Specialist, SMEC Mr. Renu Kumar Administration wing, SMEC Stakeholders Attended: Government Officials attended: Mr.Kennedy Special DRO Mrs. Geetha Additional Divisional Engineer, TNRSP Thoothukudi division (Attendance sheet attached) MLAs/ MPs/ Chair person/ panchayat presidents attended: Village panchayat presidents attended MR. Gnanaraj Panchayat President, Sholapuram Vice President, Sholapuram (Attendance sheet attached) DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 15 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Briefing of the project and subject matter of discussion: Project briefing Technical details of road design Environmental aspects of road Social aspects of road (Minutes of the Public Consultation meeting attached) DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 16 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 MINUTES OF THE PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETING – PPC 05 – Meeting No: PC 02 District: Virudhunagaar and Tirunelveli Taluk: Sankarankoil Villages: 17 villages (From Tenmalai to Devarkulam) Road Stretch Name and No: SH 41 – Rajapalayam – Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli Road Road Length: 79.930 km Chainage: From km 0/000 to km 85/730 (km 13/500 to km 59/000 - Coverage for Public Consultation) Nature of work: Strengthening and widening of Roads Name of the Consultant: M/s SMEC India (P) Ltd (JV) SMEC INTERNATIONAL P Lts Public Consultation Details: Date: 24.06.2014 Time: 02.00 Pm Venue: A.S. Abishek mahal , Gurukalpatti. Subject Matter of Public Consultation: Preliminary Public Consultation for DPR preparation. Date of intimation sent to stakeholders and others in vicinity: 19.06.2014 Name and position of Key professionals attended the PC: Mr. Elango Design Engineer, SMEC Dr. R. Rajkumr Social Development Specialist, SMEC Name and position of sub key professionals attended the PC: Mr. Mahaveer Saini Environmental wing, SMEC Ms. Jitendra GIS Specialist, SMEC Mr. Renu Kumar Administration wing, SMEC Stakeholders Attended: Government Officials attended: Mrs. Geetha Additional Divisional Engineer, TNRSP Thoothukudi division Mr. Appadurai Additional Divisional Engineer Sankarankoil (Attendance sheet attached) MLAs/ MPs/ Chairperson/ panchayat presidents attended: Village panchayat presidents attended Mr.S. Murugaian Union Chairman Melnilidanallur Mr.Subburaj Panchayat President Kilnilidanallur Village Panchayat (Attendance sheet attached) DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 17 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Briefing of the project and subject matter of discussion: Project briefing Technical details of road design Environmental aspects of road Social aspects of road (Minutes of the Public Consultation meeting attached) DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 18 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 MINUTES OF THE PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETING – PPC 05 – Meeting No: PC 03 District: Tirunelveli Taluk: Tirunelveli Villages: 10 villages. ( From Alagiapandiapuram to Ramayanpatti) Road Stretch Name and No: SH 41 – Rajapalayam – Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli Road Road Length: 79.930 km Chainage : From km 0/000 to km 85/730 (km 59/000 to km 85/730 for the Coverage for Public Consultation) Nature of work: Strengthening and widening of Roads Name of the Consultant: M/s SMEC India (P) Ltd (JV) SMEC INTERNATIONAL P Ltd. Public Consultation Details: Date: 24.06.2014 Time: 05.00 pm Venue: Community Hall, Manur. Subject Matter of Public Consultation: Preliminary Public Consultation for DPR preparation. Date of intimation sent to stakeholders and others in vicinity: 19.06.2014 Name and position of Key professionals attended the PC: Mr. Elango Design Engineer, SMEC Dr. R. Rajkumr Social Development Specialist, SMEC Name and position of sub key professionals attended the PC: Mr. Mahaveer Saini Environmental wing, SMEC Ms. Jitendra GIS Specialist, SMEC Mr. Renu Kumar Administration wing, SMEC Stakeholders Attended: Government Officials attended: Mrs. Geetha Additional Divisional Engineer, TNRSP Thoothukudi division (Attendance sheet attached) MLAs/ MPs/ Chair person/ panchayat presidents attended: Village panchayat presidents attended (Attendance sheet attached) Briefing of the project and subject matter of discussion: Project briefing Technical details of road design Environmental aspects of road Social aspects of road (Minutes of the Public Consultation meeting attached) DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 19 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETING MINUTES – PPC 05 PUBLIC CONSULTATION No: PC 01 PARUVAKUDI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM -VILATHIKULAM - VEMBAR ROAD (KM 22/500 TO KM 38/750 AND KM 41/300 TO KM 56/700), SECTION OF SH44 Coverage: 22/500 to 37/00 km Venue: Lakshmi Mahal ,Kovilpatti Town Time: 10.00 am S.No Brief the impacts / Issues raised and by Brief the points of discussion and suggestion and Brief the decision taken and by whom whom by whom 1 Issues raised by: Briefing of the issues / clarification regarding road The Start point was shifted from 22/400 Mr. Alagarsami, Village Panchayat President, design and technical details was given by the Team km to km 22/500 Mukkutumalai Village. leader, issues related to environmental including As agreed by the PIU and World Impacts in the village existing/ baseline environmental quality of air, water Bank during their visit during Whether the Vinayagar temple is affected and noise, impacted water bodies and trees, any December 2013. and the structure next to the temple is protected area within 15km distance from road, any The relocation of CPRs such as the likely to get affected Reserved /Protected Forest within RoW, applicability of Temple and a church will be relocated How the drinking water pipes will be Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification was with enhanced measures as per the replaced explained by the Environmental Specialist and the guidelines of the RAP. Whether the Over Head Tank is getting issues related to Social impacts, structural loss, Compensation of the affected structures affected compensation and CPR relocation was clarified by the will be paid as per the guidelines of the Impacts on ponds and lake in the region Social Development Specialist. RAP/ Entitlement matrix. Details regarding the starting point of the All the impacted villages along the road side from Compensatory tree plantation will be road Chainage 22/500 to 37/000 km was listed. twice the number of trees to be cut Whether the drinking water well in Vinayagar Temple is likely to be affected and it was Additional avenue plantation along road Manthiyur village is likely to be affected clearly explained that replacement of CPR will be side as per IRC guidelines Whether the project will pay compensation made with enhanced replacement and focus group The affected ponds and all the ponds for loss of trees in patta land discussion will be held at village level for CPR along the project roads shall be Road width relocation. mitigated with boundary walls, The structure near the temple is also likely to be landscaping, and shady trees. affected and the compensation will be paid in accordance with the approved entitlement policy. Drinking water pipes will be replaced by the DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 20 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 S.No Brief the impacts / Issues raised and by Brief the points of discussion and suggestion and Brief the decision taken and by whom whom by whom project. Impact on ponds – at 22/500 km and 24/650 km The start point of the project at Naduvapatti village at 22/600 km. the start point has been shifted from 22/500 km to 22/550km The drinking water well at Manthiyur is not affected. Compensatory plantation for impacted trees. The road width for the road is 16m in builtup area and 23m in non builtup area. 2 Issues raised by: No Structure is likely to be affected by the project. Village Panchayat President, Ilayathenral The road width for the road is 16m in builtup area Impact on the structures will be Village. and 23m in non builtup area. finalised only after the finalisation of Impact on Structures likely to be affected the centre line and census / socio Road width economic survey. 3 Issue raised by: No impact on the structures. Impact on the structures will be Mr. Manikandan , Village panchayat president finalised only after the finalisation of Puliyankulam Village the centre line and census / socio Impact on Structures likely to be affected economic survey. 4 Issue raised by: Seven structures are likely to affect and all are Impact on the structures will be Mr.Ravindran , Nakalammuthanpati residential in use. finalised only after the finalisation of Whether Puthupaneri church is affected the centre line and census / socio Road width economic survey. 5 Issue raised by: The project road will be strengthened upto the Rational for Kovilpatti was explained Mr. John , Saviour colony, Kovilpatti junction near Naduvapatti village. and certain portion of Kovilapatti will Whether this project will be extended up to Kovilpatti Town portion will be excluded from be widened to 4 lane road as per the Puruvakudi village. widening for a distance of 4 km. PIU and World Bank approval. Why Kovipatti town is not widened. Sharp curves at Ayyaneri Village will be straighten / Proposed ROB at Kovilpatti. Whether the sharp curves at Ayyaneri realignment will be considered. Special provisions will be provided village will be realigned. Proposed ROB for Kovilpatti. near educational institution and hospitals. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 21 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 S.No Brief the impacts / Issues raised and by Brief the points of discussion and suggestion and Brief the decision taken and by whom whom by whom Whether bridge will be constructed near the College. 6 Issue raised by: Bus Shelters will be replaced Bus Shelters replace design shall Village Panchayat President The compensation will usually cover the land consider facility with basic amenities Nakkalamamuntanpatti compensation, structural value without like drinking water, toilet facilities Whether bus shelters will be replaced depreciation, grant, assistance and allowance as and chairs. Components of compensation per guidelines of World Bank. Compensation shall be paid as per Who are all the people the survey team The Survey team will meet the panchayat the approved RAP. / Entitlements will meet when they come for Field visit president, community leaders and primarily the matrix. project affected households. ( Since the public consultation is at the preliminary level of DPR , the key professionals explained it very clear that the views of the public will be taken into consideration in the DPR and other details like compensation and affected structures will be disclosed during the Public Disclosure meetings and Project Briefing meeting of TNRSP in future) DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 22 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETING MINUTES – PPC 05 PUBLIC CONSULTATION No: PC 02 PARUVAKUDI - KOVILPATTI - ETTAYAPURAM -VILATHIKULAM - VEMBAR ROAD (KM 22/500 TO KM 38/750 AND KM 41/300 TO KM 56/700), SECTION OF SH44 Coverage: 37/00 km to 56 / 700km Venue: Panchayat Community Hall, Ettayapuram Time: 3.00 pm S.No Brief the impacts / Issues raised and by Brief the points of discussion and suggestion and Brief the decision taken and by whom whom by whom 1 Issues raised by: Briefing of the issues / clarification regarding road The Start point was shifted from 22/500 Mr. Govindaraja Perumal, Village design and technical details was given by the Team km to 22/600 km Panchayat President, Ettayapuram Village. leader, issues related to environmental including As agreed by the PIU and World Bank during Impacts in the village existing/ baseline environmental quality of air, water their visit during December 2013. Proposed for a bypass to avoid and noise, impacted water bodies and trees, any The technical feasibility of bypass will be Ettayapuram habitat area. protected area within 15km distance from road, any studied and decision will be taken How the drinking water pipes will be Reserved /Protected Forest within RoW, applicability accordingly. replaced of Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification was The relocation of CPRs such as the Impacts on ponds in the village. explained by the Environmental Specialist and the Temple and a church will be relocated Road width issues related to Social impacts, structural loss, with enhanced measures as per the Trees plantation compensation and CPR relocation was clarified by the guidelines of the RAP. Improvement of MahakaviBharathi Social Development Specialist. Compensation of the affected structures Memorial All the impacted villages along the road side from will be paid as per the guidelines of the Chainage 37/000 to 56/700 km were listed. RAP/ Entitlement matrix. Vinayagar Temple is likely to be affected and it Compensatory tree plantation will be twice was clearly explained that replacement of CPR the number of trees to be cut will be made with enhanced replacement and Additional avenue plantation along road focus group discussion will be held at village level side as per IRC guidelines for CPR relocation. Ancient pond at km 54.300 (RHS)shall be The structure near the temple is also likely to be enhanced with repairing of boundary affected and the compensation will be paid in walls, landscaping, benches for sitting and accordance with the approved entitlement policy. shady trees. Drinking water pipes will be replaced by the The villagers suggested to plant saplings project. of Neem and Tamarind trees. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 23 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 S.No Brief the impacts / Issues raised and by Brief the points of discussion and suggestion and Brief the decision taken and by whom whom by whom The start point of the project at Naduvapatti Hence the Mahakavi Bharathi Memorial village at 22/600 km. the start point has been and his memorial house shall be shifted from 22/550 km to 22/600km. enhanced with facilities like bench, shady The drinking water well at Manthiyur is not trees and landscaping. affected. .The road width for the road is 16m in built-up area and 23m in non-built-up area. The compensatory plantation of trees will be in the ratio of 1:2 The project do provide the scope for enhancing memorial along the road side and an ancient pond at km 54.300 (RHS) 2 Issue raised by: Out of the commercial structures likely to be From 56/100km to 57/600km, edge to Mr. Vigneshhraj, Vice President, Shop affected, 50% are squatters. Hence there is a edge strengthening shall be made to keepers Association, Ettayapuram. scope for replacement of shop or rehabilitation avoid loss of commercial structures in Demand for proposed bypass to avoid the grant to enhance their livelihood. Ettayapuram. likely loss of commercial structures in Ettayapuram. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 24 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETING MINUTES – PPC 05 – PUBLIC CONSULTATION No: PC 06 NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM - OVARI ROAD (KM 0/000 TO KM 35/200), SECTION OF SH 89 Coverage: 0/000 to 15/000 km Venue: Panchayat Union Community Hall, Emankulam Time: 10.00 am S.No Brief the impacts / Issues raised and Brief the points of discussion and suggestion and Brief the decision taken and by whom by whom by whom 1 Issues raised by: Briefing of the issues / clarification regarding road ROB is not viable. Mr. Inbaraj, Emankulam design and technical details was given by the Team Road design contains the component of Impact on structures leader, issues related to environmental including drain facility. Whether drain will be provided existing/ baseline environmental quality of air, water Speed breakers width and height shall be on either side of the proposed and noise, impacted water bodies and trees, any made as per IRC guidelines. road protected area within 15km distance from road, any CPR relocation as per the approved RAP. Mr. Ashok , Emankulam Reserved /Protected Forest within RoW, applicability of Compensation for structures and other Bus shelter shifting process Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification was assets as per the approved RAP. Speed breakers near explained by the Environmental Specialist and the Utility shifting like pipelines shall be educational institutions and issues related to Social impacts, structural loss, finalised based on finalization of height of the breakers as per compensation and CPR relocation was clarified by the implementation of project. standards. Social Development Specialist. Plantation of Neem trees shall be given Replacement of worship places Technical feasibility for ROB, stated that ROB is preference for roadside avenue plantation. Whether compensation will be not needed for this road. Since the public consultation is at the paid for other assets Likelihood impact on structures was made. preliminary level of DPR, the key Whether ROB is proposed in the Drains shall be provided on either side of the road professionals explained it very clear that road stretch for 1mt width. the views of the public will be taken into Underground drinking water Speed breakers would as per the standard consideration in the DPR and other details pipelines will be disturbed or specification throughout the TNRSP road package. like compensation and affected structures damaged during road Replacement of worship places with enhanced will be disclosed during the Public construction. manner and public engagement shall be made. Disclosure meetings and Project Briefing Locals also demanded for the Compensation for other structures such as bore meeting of TNRSP in future). DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 25 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 S.No Brief the impacts / Issues raised and Brief the points of discussion and suggestion and Brief the decision taken and by whom by whom by whom plantation of Neem trees along the well, pump set, shed, pillars etc shall be paid. road. Underground water pipelines will not be disturbed during construction phase, or the concerned departments shall be coordinated to replace new pipelines based on TNRSP decision. Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary is located on LHS at distance of about 7.5 km from project road (km 13/000) for which clearance shall be obtained from National Board for Wild Life (NBWL). DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 26 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETING MINUTES – PPC 05 PUBLIC CONSULTATION No: PC 07 NANGUNERI - BHARATAVARAM - OVARI ROAD (KM 0/000 TO KM 35/200), SECTION OF SH 89 Coverage: 15/000 to 35/200 km Venue: Shree Avoodaiammal Kalyana Mahal Time: 03.00 pm S.No Brief the impacts / Issues raised and by Brief the points of discussion and suggestion and by Brief the decision taken and by whom whom whom 1 Issues raised by: Briefing of the issues / clarification regarding road design Tisyanvilan Bye pass options will be Shop Owners Association and technical details was given by the Team leader, finalised after a focused meeting for Proposed for bye pass road for issues related to environmental including existing/ Bypass in future. Thisyanvalai town to avoid the impact baseline environmental quality of air, water and noise, The technical feasibility of Idaynkudi Bye on commercial structures and where impacted water bodies and trees, any protected area pass will be studied and based on the the existing width is congested. within 15km distance from road, any Reserved /Protected rational and TNRSP decision will be Road width Forest within RoW, applicability of Coastal Regulation made. Issue raised by Rtd. DSP , Idaiyangudi Zone (CRZ) Notification was explained by the Extending the Road up to Ovari Temple Proposed Bye pass road for Idayankudi Environmental Specialist and the issues related to Social and connecting to the ECR, study will be village to minimise the impact on the impacts, structural loss, compensation and CPR carried out. structures which is considered to place relocation was clarified by the Social Development Since the public consultation is at the historic importance of 160 years and Specialist. preliminary level of DPR, the key also to minimize traffic congestion in Technical feasibility for the bye pass will be studied. professionals explained it very clear that the village. Technical feasibility for the bye pass will be studied the views of the public will be taken into Issues raised by Chairman, Idaiyangudi for Idanyankudi, since already it was accepted by consideration in the DPR and other details Proposed Bye pass road for TNRSP to proceed for edge to edge improvement like compensation and affected structures Idaiyangudi without disturbing the structures. will be disclosed during the Public The road shall extend up to the ECR As per the Environmental enhancement the tourist Disclosure meetings and Project Briefing junction. place at Ovari shall be considered for improvement. meeting of TNRSP in future). The Siva temple in Ovari shall be Koonthakulam Bird Sanctuary is located on LHS at connected with enhanced road, which distance of about 7.5 km from project road (km is a well-known tourist place. 13/000) for which clearance shall be obtained from National Board for Wild Life (NBWL). DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 27 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETING MINUTES – PPC 05 PUBLIC CONSULTATION No: PC 01 RAJAPALAYAM - SANKARANKOIL – TIRUNELVELI (KM 1/800 TO KM 28/000 AND KM 33/800 TO KM 82/800), SECTION OF SH41 Coverage: km 0/000 to km 13/500 Venue: Vignesh Mahal, Morambu Village Time: 10.00 am S.No Brief the impacts / Issues raised and by Brief the points of discussion and suggestion and Brief the decision taken and by whom by whom whom 1 Issues raised by: Land will be acquired from the centre line; the Since the public consultation is at the Mr. Senbagaram, Sholapuram Village. extent would be 8 meters from the center line in preliminary level of DPR , the key Whether land will be acquired on both sides of each side (total of 16 meters) in urban and professionals explained it very clear the road for widening congested places and 11.5 meters from centre line that the views of the public will be (total of 23 meters) in rural areas. taken into consideration in the DPR In most of the places, structures are not affected. and other details like compensation Survey is being carried out and could be confirmed and affected structures will be after survey is completed. disclosed during the Public Disclosure meetings and Project Briefing meeting of TNRSP in future 2 Mr. Dhanasekaran, TTS Grocery Shop, If the structure is affected, compensation would be Morambu village provided to the project affected persons and Some of the shops have only a 10’ families. width, would widening of road affect The centre line will be considered for acquisition of their structures? if so business would be land on both sides affected There would not be any influence or partiality in acquiring land 3 Mr. Ravichandran, Businessman Centre line would be considered for acquiring land Whether the centre line would be on both sides. adhered in all through the project road There would not be any partiality for acquiring land or could be altered by the influential persons? 4 Mr. Gnanaguru, Public The road width for the road is 16m in built-up area How the land would be acquired? and 23m in non built-up area. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 28 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 S.No Brief the impacts / Issues raised and by Brief the points of discussion and suggestion and Brief the decision taken and by whom by whom whom Impact on the structures will be finalised during census / socio economic survey. The compensation will usually cover the land compensation, structural value without depreciation, grant, assistance and allowance as per guidelines of World Bank. The survey numbers of land identified for acquisition and owners will be informed through public disclosure meetings and notified in the news papers. The Survey team will meet the panchayat president, community leaders and primarily the project affected households. Compensation shall be paid as per the approved RAP. / Entitlements matrix. 5 Mr. Puliyuer Sami, Vekkaliamman Temple Likely to be affected structures will be finalised Priest, Sholapuram after the completion of physical survey of road and Impact on steps of the temple would structures. likely to be affected Compensation would be provided if the steps are affected 6 Issue raised by: If it is applicable, the demand for drainage for four Mr.Gnanaraj, Panchayat President, Sholapuram kilometres would be considered. Whether drainage could be constructed for four kilometres along the road passing through Sholapuram. 7 Issue raised by: Shifting of utilities will be done properly by Mr. Dhanasekaran dovetailing the supports of respective departments What could be done to water pipelines during implementation of the project without along and underneath road affecting basic amenities, utilities and Could it be possible to circumvent infrastructures. affecting Kaliamman temple by acquiring If the CPR located far from the land to be acquired, land on other side of the road the temple would not be affected DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 29 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETING MINUTES – PPC 05 - PUBLIC CONSULTATION No: PC 02 RAJAPALAYAM - SANKARANKOIL – TIRUNELVELI (KM 1/800 TO KM 28/000 AND KM 33/800 TO KM 82/800), SECTION OF SH41 Coverage: km 13/500 to km 59/000 Venue: A. S. Abhishek Mahal, Gurukalpatti Time: 2.00 pm S.No Brief the impacts / Issues raised and by whom Brief the points of discussion and suggestion and by whom Brief the decision taken and by whom 1. Issues raised by: Briefing of the issues / clarification regarding road design and New or Mr. Elango, Chockalingapuram technical details was given by the Team leader, issues related to replacement of old environmental , pond, water bodies , trees was explained by the bus shelters could Whether the bus stand would be Environmental Specialist and the issues related to Social impacts, be built constructed through the project structural loss, compensation and CPR relocation was clarified by the Social Development Specialist. Bus shelters could be constructed in the appropriate places 2. Issue raised by: . While widening Mr. Paneer Selvam, Gurukalpatti Yes dilapidated and old bridges would be constructed through the and strengthening project the road, bridges Would the project construct bridges those could be are not in good condition constructed 3. Issues raised by: Bus shelters would be constructed in appropriate places. Mr. Kannan, Vanniconendal village Bus shelters could be built by widening the road would be possible where land is available Could you build bus shelter by widening the Respective departments will carry out removing encroachments road further to avoid traffic congestion in during the project. Suitable compensation will be provided to the Gurukalpatti PAPs. Drinking well would not be demolished or disturbed if alternative Would the project do the eviction of all land is available. encroachments on either side of the road Whether the drinking water well be demolished during implementation of project 4. Issues raised by: Realignment would be done wherever it is necessary Mr. Mangalraj Roads will be broadened, curves will be straightened and the There are many curves in the road drivers could see the road from long distance, could avoid DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 30 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 S.No Brief the impacts / Issues raised and by whom Brief the points of discussion and suggestion and by whom Brief the decision taken and by whom accidents. As the road has curves, accidents occur frequently 5. Issue raised by: Speed breakers would be created wherever it is necessary Mr. Vijay, Gurukalpatti Road will be straightened to the maximum extent, speed will be Whether speed breakers would be constructed controlled and accidents will be reduced. near school and hospital There is ‘S’ curve immediately after the village, more accidents take place, will it be rectified 6. Mr. Ramachandran, Gurkalpatti No, only the required extent of land would be acquired with Whether the officials acquire more lands than compensation the required Shifting of common utilities will be done with the help of Would the project affect Thamiraparani respective departments, If the utilities such as water pipelines, EB integrated water supply scheme pipelines post and transformers etc., likely to be affected underneath and along road All shifting of pipelines and other infrastructures would be done Whether all shifting would be done before the before the commencement of the proposed project. commence of widening and strengthening of roads 7. Mr. Thangadurai, Teacher Compensation for structures and other assets as per the Will you provide compensation for shops, if approved RAP. shops are removed 8. Mr. Paulraj, Karivalamvanthanallur, The option for constructing bridge will be explored Could the project consider constructing over bridge in Karivalamvanthanallur to avoid traffic congestion, accidents and free flow of vehicles 9. Mr. Sakthivel, Ward councillor, Gurukalpatti Bridges at Kuthiraikoil, Gurukalpatti and Planned to widening the road and possible straightening is Marukalangulam are very narrow with deep planned. Planned to reduce speeding vehicles. curve, there happens lot of fatal accidents at least 2 every month. All three bridges should DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 31 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 S.No Brief the impacts / Issues raised and by whom Brief the points of discussion and suggestion and by whom Brief the decision taken and by whom be widened with speed controls 10. Mr. Thankgaraj, Bank Staff, Gurikalpatti There are many speed breakers are currently Appropriate measures will be taken to create and remove speed existing are not necessary and reduce the breakers based on the necessity and by realigning the road. quality of travel Suitable plan will be drawn for parking buses for engaging Speed breakers are not in place where required passengers at stops to circumvent congestions at Gurukalpatti Suggested for widening the road further where and other villages. bus stops are planned to avoid congestion and to park the bus without hindering free flow of other vehicles in both sides. 11. Mr. Paulraj, Gurukalpatti Old bridges are not in good shape and Planned for new and renovate old bridges dilapidated condition, suggested for renovation Speed breakers near schools are planned and proper sign boards or new bridges will also be installed. Suggested for speed breakers near school 12. Mr. Anandakumar, Therkupannavadali Whether compensation would be paid before Compensation would be paid to the PAPs/PAFs as per the RAP the commencement of the project 13. A Participant Shifting and subsistence allowance could be provided to the PAP Would you give compensation for the land to and not the cost of land as compensation. the squatters those have shops/business 14. Mr. Murigaian, Union Chairman Insisted for constructing bus stop at Vellakoil, The bus shelter could be constructed if necessary with the help of for which the grant of Rs. 3 lakhs was given to revenue and department local bodies. the local body but could not construct the Pipelines will be affected, proper shifting would be carried out. shelter due to encroachment and squatter. Water pipelines should not be affected during implementation DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 32 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETING MINUTES – PPC 05 – PUBLIC CONSULTATION No: PC 03 RAJAPALAYAM - SANKARANKOIL – TIRUNELVELI (KM 1/800 TO KM 28/000 AND KM 33/800 TO KM 82/800), SECTION OF SH41 Coverage: km 59/000 to km 82/800 Venue: Community Hall, Manur. Time: 5.00 pm S.No Brief the impacts / Issues raised and Brief the points of discussion and suggestion and by whom Brief the decision taken and by whom by whom 1 Issues raised by: Briefing of the issues / clarification regarding road design and The Consultants and TNRSP Mr. Yesuraja, Manur technical details was given by the Team leader, issues related officials minute the views to conduct Asked for the details of the project to environmental , pond, water bodies , trees was explained by a detailed bye pass study to assess the Environmental Specialist and the issues related to Social the feasibility and rationale for the impacts, structural loss, compensation and CPR relocation was same. clarified by the Social Development Specialist. Consultation is at the preliminary Technical feasibility for the bye pass will be studied. level of DPR, the key professionals Focused group discussion will be held along with the explained it very clear that the views affected shop keepers and based on the felt need of the of the public will be taken into affected people, bye pass road proposal study shall be consideration in the DPR and other carried out. details like compensation and affected structures will be disclosed during the Public Disclosure meetings and Project Briefing meeting of TNRSP in future). 2 Issues raised by: Mr. Thiagarajan, Manur Project will be completed positively in 25-30 months time When will be the project completed . Mr. Jeyachandran, Kanarpadi, The pipelines would not be disturbed to the maximum Panchayat President extent, if not inevitable, pipes will be shifted with the help of Drinking water pipelines would not respective Department without affecting the system. be disturbed Mr. Jeyachandran, Manur Planning for realignment and straightening to avoid More accidents and deaths due to accidents deep curves Widening would take place on both sides of the proposed Whether widening in one or both widening of road sides DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 33 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 S.No Brief the impacts / Issues raised and Brief the points of discussion and suggestion and by whom Brief the decision taken and by whom by whom Mr. Armugam, Sankarf Nagar Whether drainage facilities would Drainage/storm water drain is planned to be implemented be provided wherever necessary Mr. Ravi, Manur If the existing drainage would not be affected, there would Whether existing drainage would not be any alterations, if it is impacted drainage, new be used structures will be constructed Mr. Williams, Manur Most of the curves will be straightened with widening, hence Deep ‘S” curve has to be taken the accidents will be curtailed. care through the proposed project. Mr. Chelllaiah, Ward, Councillor, Manur Speed breakers with sign boards will be installed near Need speed breakers near school school. How the private land be acquired? Extra space in the bus stops will be provided to avoid over Assured to cooperate for crowd successful implementation of the Extent of land will be identified project Land acquired after negotiation, public disclosure and notification; compensation as per the RAP will be given to the owner. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 34 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Photographs taken during Public Consultations PC01: Kovipatti Town, Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 35 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 PC02: Ettayapuram Village, Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 36 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 PC06: Emankulam Village, Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 37 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 PC07: Tisanyanvillai, Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 38 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 PC01: Cholapuram, Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 39 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 PC02: Gurukalpatti, Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 40 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 PC03: Manur, Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 41 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 ATTENDANCE SHEETS OF PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 42 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 APPENDIX 7.1: SPECIES WISE AND GIRTH WISE DETAILS OF IMPACTED TREES IN CORRIDOR OF IMPACT Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 : Tree >30 cm girth size LHS RHS Girth Size (cm) Local Name Scientific Namer Girth Size (cm) 30- 60- 90- 120- 150- 180- Above of Tree of Tree 30- 60- 90- 120- 150- 180- Above 60 90 120 150 180 210 210 60 90 120 150 180 210 210 1 1 Aalamaram Ficus bengalensis 1 2 1 Arasu Ficus religiosa 1 1 Polyalthia 1 Ashoka longifolia 1 Atti Ficus racemosa 1 Terminalia Badam Tree kadappa 1 1 2 1 Cotton Ceiba pentandra Illavan panchi Ceita petendra 1 1 Anacardium 1 Kaju Badam occidentale 4 5 1 Kodaikaapulli Inga dulcis 5 1 Konnai Cassia fistula 1 2 Konrai Delonix regia 3 1 3 2 Lemon Citrus sp. 1 Morinda 4 3 1 Manjanathi tomentosa 7 1 1 Murungai Moringa oleifera 1 1 1 Naval Eugenia argentea Azadirachta 38 35 11 9 8 3 5 Neem indica 18 22 14 18 6 5 3 2 5 1 Neer karuvai Prosopis juliflora 1 4 1 Nettalinkam Polyalthia 4 1 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 LHS RHS Girth Size (cm) Local Name Scientific Namer Girth Size (cm) 30- 60- 90- 120- 150- 180- Above of Tree of Tree 30- 60- 90- 120- 150- 180- Above 60 90 120 150 180 210 210 60 90 120 150 180 210 210 longifolia 6 18 44 26 21 7 4 Odai Acacia planiforns 8 30 29 23 15 3 1 Borassus 1 17 27 11 4 Palmyra palm flabellifer 8 13 12 3 1 Tamarindus 9 37 71 48 38 22 16 Pulee indica 9 37 42 39 34 22 16 Pongamia 5 3 3 Pungan pungan 4 2 Thespesia 1 Puvarasu populnea 1 1 Casurina Savukku equisetifolia 1 1 Leucaenia 1 Soundal leucocaphala 22 17 4 1 Tekku Tectona grandis 1 21 10 1 1 Thenna Tree Cocos nucifera 1 1 Usil Albizia amara 1 4 4 4 1 1 1 Vagai Albizia lebbeck 3 1 3 1 3 Macaranga 1 2 Vatha peltata Vatha 1 narayanam Delonix elata 1 1 Vilvam Aegle marmelos 99 149 175 117 82 38 28 59 117 102 101 66 32 25 Total no. of trees in LHS 688 Total no. of trees in RHS 502 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44: Tree <=30 cm girth size Up to 10 cm 10 – 30 cm Up to 10 cm 10 – 30 cm Local Name of Tree Scientific Names of Tree LHS RHS 1 Badam Terminalia kadappa 1 Elanthal Fruit Ziziphus jujuba 2 Kodikapuli Pithecollobium dulce 6 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 7 1 Mathulai Punica granatum 1 Murungai Moringa oleifera lank Naaval Syzygium cumini 1 3 29 Neem Azadirachta indica 10 3 Nettalingam Polyalthia longifolia 1 15 Poonga Pongamia pungan 5 18 1 Poovarasu Thespesia populnea 1 6 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 1 7 1 Thekku Tectona grandis Udai Accacia planiference 1 2 Vaagai Albizia labac 1 Vasamadaki Delonix elata 1 11 Vatha Narayanan Delonix elata 19 5 81 6 64 86 Total No. of Trees 70 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 : Tree >30 cm girth size LHS RHS Girth Size (cm) Local Name of Scientific Namer Girth Size (cm) 30- 60- 90- 120- 150- 180- Above Tree of Tree 30- 60- 90- 120- 150- 180- Above 60 90 120 150 180 210 210 60 90 120 150 180 210 210 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 Aalamaram Ficus bengalensis 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 Arasu Ficus religiosa 1 1 1 Atti Ficus racemosa 1 1 Chinnapu Chinnapu Eucalyptus Eucalyptus alba 5 Kaju Badam Anacardium occidentale 1 2 3 2 Konnai Delonix regia 1 2 1 1 Konrai Delonix regia 3 1 2 3 4 Malai vembu Melia dubia 1 Malaipoovarasu Biscofia javanica 1 2 Mango Mangifera indica Manjanathi Morinda 1 5 1 tomentosa 1 2 1 Manjapoo Nyctanthes arbor- 1 pavazha malli tristis 2 9 2 Murungai Moringa oleifera 2 1 Naaval Pazham Syzygium cumini Nandiavattai Tabernaemontana 2 divartica 2 1 Naval Eugenia argentea 2 69 46 19 7 3 2 1 Neem Azadirachta indica 43 37 14 5 1 1 4 1 1 2 Neer karuvai Prosopis juliflora 17 6 1 Nelli Phyllanthes 1 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 LHS RHS Girth Size (cm) Local Name of Scientific Namer Girth Size (cm) 30- 60- 90- 120- 150- 180- Above Tree of Tree 30- 60- 90- 120- 150- 180- Above 60 90 120 150 180 210 210 60 90 120 150 180 210 210 emblica 1 Neermarudu Terminalia arjuna Nettalinkam Polyalthia 3 longifolia 8 1 2 1 Odai Acacia planiforns 1 2 Palmyra palm Borassus 3 15 6 2 flabellifer 1 5 18 24 7 2 3 2 2 Pulee Tamarindus indica 2 7 6 1 2 1 Pulla Kydia calycina 1 4 9 2 Pungan Pongamia pungan 9 3 Puvarasu Thespesia 8 13 3 2 1 populnea 6 11 6 3 1 Rohida Tecomella 5 1 undulata 14 6 Savukku Casurina equisetifolia 2 3 1 6 Tekku Tectona grandis 1 1 35 14 Thenna Tree Cocos nucifera 29 17 2 1 3 1 1 5 Usil Albizia procera Uthian Lannea coromandelica 1 2 2 2 1 2 6 1 1 Vagai Albizia labbeck 5 2 4 Vatha Delonix elata 3 2 1 narayanam 1 2 3 131 97 82 34 12 11 16 122 94 85 56 11 7 15 Total no. of trees in LHS 383 Total no. of trees in RHS 390 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 5 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Uvari Road (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89: Tree <=30 cm girth size Up to 10 cm 10 – 30 cm Up to 10 cm 10 – 30 cm Local Name of Tree Scientific Name of Tree LHS RHS 3 Arasas Ficus religiosa 2 3 Badam Terminalia kadappa 2 1 Baniyan Ficus benghalensis 7 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 2 1 Murungai Moringa oleifera Lank 1 32 Neem Azadirachta indica 30 4 Nettalingam .Polyalthia longifolia 1 Poo Maram Thalpoo 12 Poonga Pongamia pungan 3 6 Poovarasu Thespesia populnea 1 5 Sowkku Casurina equisetifolio 10 1 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 1 3 Thalpoo Thalpoo 2 1 Usil Albizia amara 6 Vasamadaki Delonix elata 1 81 1 57 82 Total No. of Trees 58 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 6 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41: Trees>30cm girth size 30 - 60 - 90 - 120 - 150 - 180 - 30 - 60 - 90 - 120 - 150 - 180 - >2 >210 Total Local Name Scientific Name Total 60 90 120 150 180 210 60 90 120 150 180 210 10 Sesbania 1 1 Akatthi grandiflora Ficus 2 2 1 1 1 11 18 Ala Maram bengalensis 2 2 0 3 1 2 18 28 1 1 1 3 Aarasamaram Ficusr eligiosa 5 3 2 0 2 0 2 14 Terminalia 0 Arjun arjuna 1 1 2 0 Athi Ficus racemosa 1 1 Terminalia 5 5 Badam catappa 2 2 0 Chrismas tree Picea sp. 1 1 9 9 Thennai tree Cocos nucifera 3 3 0 1 1 0 8 5 1 6 Cotton tree Ceibapentandra 1 1 Guava Psidium guajava 1 1 1 1 Itchu(Flus) DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 30 - 60 - 90 - 120 - 150 - 180 - 30 - 60 - 90 - 120 - 150 - 180 - >2 >210 Total Local Name Scientific Name Total 60 90 120 150 180 210 60 90 120 150 180 210 10 Micromelum 1 2 3 Kakaipalai minutum 1 1 Kodukkapuli Murraya koenigii 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 3 30 20 4 5 2 2 63 Malai Vembu Melia azedarach 1 2 3 3 3 Mamaram Mangifera indica Morinda 68 7 1 1 1 78 Manjanathi tomentosa 36 15 4 2 0 1 1 59 Moringa oleifera 7 2 9 Murungai Lank 5 3 0 1 0 0 0 9 Eugenia 2 2 Naval argentea 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 6 2 2 Neerkaruvai Prosopis juliflora 3 5 1 4 0 0 0 13 Azadirachta 367 103 46 10 6 9 12 553 Neem indica 408 186 72 37 17 11 25 756 Terminalia 1 1 Neermarudhu arjuna Phyllanthus 1 1 nellikai emblica Polyalthial 2 2 Nettalingam ongifolia DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 30 - 60 - 90 - 120 - 150 - 180 - 30 - 60 - 90 - 120 - 150 - 180 - >2 >210 Total Local Name Scientific Name Total 60 90 120 150 180 210 60 90 120 150 180 210 10 Borassus 2 61 182 27 2 2 0 276 Palmyra palm flabellifer 0 61 263 28 3 0 0 355 Ailanthus 0 Pinari excelsa 1 1 Thespesia 1 1 Puvarasu populnea 1 1 Pongamia 71 19 9 1 2 0 0 102 Pungan pungan 65 12 4 9 3 7 10 110 Casurina 1 1 Savukku equisetifolia 20 9 6 6 0 2 3 46 Siridam/Vagai Albizia lebbeck 22 37 23 10 4 5 3 104 Tamarindus 10 37 61 66 50 22 36 101 373 Pulee indica 35 33 54 40 36 38 4 340 2 1 3 Tekku Tectona grandis 6 0 0 1 0 0 0 7 Acacia 25 40 21 4 5 4 0 99 Udai /Odai planifrons 7 33 35 18 10 3 2 108 11 8 46 46 15 15 32 173 Usil Albizia procera 5 13 60 25 15 10 17 145 Vathanarayan 0 an Delonix elata 2 0 1 0 2 0 5 1 1 vilvam/Velva Aegle marmelos 2 2 4 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 9 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 30 - 60 - 90 - 120 - 150 - 180 - 30 - 60 - 90 - 120 - 150 - 180 - >2 >210 Total Local Name Scientific Name Total 60 90 120 150 180 210 60 90 120 150 180 210 10 m 18 658 350 385 152 57 69 166 1837 612 415 522 180 92 82 3 2086 Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41: Tree<30cm girth size LHS RHS Local Name Scientific Name <=10 10-30 10-30 <=10 1 2 Badam Terminalia kadappa 15 43 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 18 8 125 142 Neem Azadirachta indica 98 32 2 Padam 19 49 Pungan Pongamia pungan 28 3 12 10 Pulee Tamarindus indica 5 2 2 Vagai Albizia lebbeck 1 1 Usil Albizia amara 4 1 Akatthi Sesbania grandiflora 1 Kodukkapuli Murraya koenigii 1 1 Kodukkapuli Murraya koenigii 1 Mala Vagai 2 Naval Eugenia argentea 1 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 10 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 LHS RHS Local Name Scientific Name <=10 10-30 10-30 <=10 2 Nettalingam Polyalthial ongifolia 1 nellikai Phyllanthus emblica 2 Palmyra palm Borassus flabellifer 2 2 2 Panna poo 3 Savukku Casurina equisetifolia 1 Odai Acacia planiforns 2 Teak 1 Aarasamaram Ficusr eligiosa 1 Avathi 3 Puvarasu Thespesia populnea 1 176 266 161 50 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 11 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 APPENDIX 8.1: GUIDELINES FOR MONITORING PROGRAM 1.1 Environmental Monitoring Plan The monitoring programme is devised to ensure that the envisaged purpose of the project is achieved and results in the desired benefit to the target population. To ensure the effective implementation of the EMP, it is essential that an effective monitoring programme be designed and carried out. Broad objectives of the monitoring programme are: To evaluate the performance of mitigation measures proposed in the EMP To suggest improvements in the management plans, if required To satisfy the statutory and community obligations The monitoring programme contains monitoring plan for all performance indicators, reporting formats and necessary budgetary provisions. Monitoring plan for performance indicators and reporting system is presented in the following sections. 1.1.1 Performance Indicators Physical, biological and environmental management components identified as of particular significance in affecting the environment at critical locations have been suggested as Performance Indicators (PIs). The Performance Indicators shall be evaluated under three heads as: Environmental condition indicators to determine efficacy of environmental management measures in control of air, noise, water and soil pollution; Environmental management indicators to determine compliance with the suggested environmental management measures Operational performance indicators have also been devised to determine efficacy and utility of the mitigation/enhancement designs proposed The Performance Indicators and monitoring plans prepared for Project Implementation are presented in Table 1.1. Table 1.1: Performance Indicators for Project Implementation Sl. Indicator Details Stage Responsibility No. A Environmental Condition Indicators and Monitoring Plan Pre Construction Contractor through approved monitoring Construction agency 1 Air Quality The parameters to be monitored, frequency TNRSP through and duration of monitoring as well as the Operation approved monitoring locations to be monitored will be as per the agency Monitoring Plan prepared (Refer Table 1.2) Pre Construction Contractor through approved monitoring 2 Noise Levels Construction agency Operation TNRSP through DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Sl. Indicator Details Stage Responsibility No. approved monitoring agency Pre Construction Contractor through approved monitoring Construction agency 3 Water Quality TNRSP through Operation approved monitoring agency Pre Construction Contractor through approved monitoring Construction agency. 4 Soil Quality TNRSP through Operation approved monitoring agency B Environmental Management Indicators and Monitoring Plan Location of construction camps have to be Construction 1 identified and parameters indicative of Pre-construction Contractor Camps environment in the area has to be reported Location of borrow areas have to be identified and parameters indicative of environment in the area has to be reported. 2 Borrow Areas Pre-construction Contractor Refer Guidelines8.3 (Guidelines for Borrow Areas Management) for the identified Borrow Areas. Progress of tree removal marked for cutting 3 Tree Cutting Pre-construction District Collector to PU is to be reported Tree Progress of measures suggested as part of 4 Construction District Collector Plantation the strategy is to be reported C Management & Operational Performance Indicators 1 Survival Rate The number of trees surviving during each District Collector / of Trees visit will be compared with the number of Operation TNRSP saplings planted 2 Status The PU will undertake site visits to The TNRSP will be Regarding determine how many borrow areas have responsible for a period Rehabilitation been rehabilitated in line with the Operation of three years. of Borrow landowner’s request and to their full Areas satisfaction. 3 Soil Erosion Visual monitoring and operation inspection The TNRSP will be of embankments will be carried out once in Operation responsible for a three months. period of three years. 1.1.2 Monitoring Parameters and Standards The Environmental monitoring of the parameters involved and the threshold limits specified are discussed below: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM) The air quality parameters viz: Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Particulate Matter (PM10 & PM2.5), shall be regularly monitored at identified locations from the start of the construction activity. The air quality parameters shall be monitored in accordance with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards as given in DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Appendix 4.2a. The duration and the pollution parameters to be monitored and the responsible institutional arrangements are detailed out in the Environmental Monitoring Plan Table 1.2 and specific details in chapter on baseline environment. Water Quality Monitoring Water quality parameters such as pH, BOD, COD, DO coliform count, total suspended solids, total dissolved solids, Iron, etc. shall be monitored at all identified locations during the construction stage as per standards prescribed by Central Pollution Control Board and Indian Standard Drinking water specifications IS 10500: 2012, presented in Appendix 4.2b. The duration and the pollution parameters to be monitored and the responsible institutional arrangements are detailed out in the Environmental Monitoring Plan Table 1.2 and specific details in chapter on baseline environment. Noise Quality Monitoring The noise levels shall be monitored at already designated locations in accordance with the Ambient Noise Quality standards given in Appendix 4.2c. The duration and the noise pollution parameters to be monitored and the responsible institutional arrangements are detailed in the Environmental Monitoring Plan Table 1.2 and specific details in chapter on baseline environment. 1.1.3 Monitoring Plans for Environment Condition For each of the environmental components, the monitoring plan specifies the parameters to be monitored; location of the monitoring sites; frequency and duration of monitoring. The monitoring plan also specifies the applicable standards, implementation and supervising responsibilities. The monitoring plan for the various environmental condition indicators of the project in construction and operation stages is presented in Table 1.2. Monitoring plan does not include the requirement of arising out of Regulation Provision such as obtaining consent for plant site operation. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Uvari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankovil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Table 1.2: Environmental Monitoring Plan Project Attribute Parameter Special Guidance Standards Frequency Duration Location Implementation Stage Along the Four Contractor road Sampler to be located 50 m seasons per through NABL Construction Hot mix / from the plant in the year for 24 hours approved Air PM10, PM2.5, SO2 batching monitoring downwind direction. Use NAAQS, 2009 three years Sampling NOx, CO plant agency method specified by CPCB for analysis Two seasons Along the Operation in a year for road EMU-TNRSP two years All essential Contractor Four through NABL characteristics and Indian Standards Along the Grab sample collected from seasons per approved Construction some of desirable for Inland Surface road monitoring source and analyse as per year for characteristics as Waters (IS: 2296, Grab agency Water Standard Methods for three years decided by the 1982) and for Sampling Examination of Water and Environmental Drinking Water (IS Two seasons Surface Wastewater Operation Specialist of the : 10500:2012) in a year for water EMU-TNRSP CSC and TNRSP two years sources Equivalent noise levels Along the Contractor Four using an integrated noise road through NABL seasons per Construction level meter kept at a Leq in Hot mix / approved year for monitoring distance of 15 from edge of dB(A) of batching Noise levels on dB three years agencyy pavement Noise Rules, 2000 day time plant (A) scale Noise Equivalent noise levels and night using an integrated noise Two seasons time Along the Operation level meter kept at a in a year for road EMU-TNRSP distance of 15 from edge of two years pavement DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Uvari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankovil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Project Attribute Parameter Special Guidance Standards Frequency Duration Location Implementation Stage Along the Four Contractor road seasons per through NABL Construction Threshold for each Hot mix / year for approved Sample of soil collected to contaminant set by batching monitoring Monitoring of Pb, three years Grab Soil acidified and analysed using IRIS database of plant agency SAR and Oil & Sampling absorption USEPA until Along the Grease spectrophotometer national standards Two seasons road Operation are promulgated in a year for (refer table EMU-TNRSP two years no 5.3B) Borrow Borrow Once in a Construction As per Guidelines Visual Observation - - area Contractor Area month location Areas where Tree Operation As per Rehabilitation Quarterly - plantation EMU-TNRSP Plantation stage Plan is being done DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 5 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Uvari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankovil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LOCATIONS In addition of the critical locations selected during design stage, the environmental monitoring will also be done at the construction camp site and any other plant site during construction stage. List of critical locations for caring out monitoring is presented in Chapter 4: Baseline Environment. REPORTING PROCEDURES Mitigation and enhancement measures adopted in the final design have been identified in the contract documents and Bill of quantities so that performance and completion is effective. The periodic site visits of the EO/Engineer/EE of the PU will keep a record of progress as well as the site-specific EMP implementation records. The frequent meeting of the EO/Engineer with the contractors will ensure any information and communication gap with regard to the construction phase environmental management at construction site; labour and construction camps quarry and borrow areas etc. It is necessary that the EO/Engineer should visit the sites for evolving a concept for the Environmental Management with regard to the siting of various construction requirements. The various reporting guidelines and arrangements are presented in Chapter 5 of EMP, Volume VII, Part A (II). DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 6 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 APPENDIX 8.2: GUIDELINES FOR AGGREGATE QUARRY MANAGEMENT The Contractor will finalize the locations from the list given by DPR Consultant’s for procuring materials. The Contractor shall establish a new quarry only with the prior consent of the EO only in cases when: (i) Lead from existing quarries is uneconomical and (ii) Alternative material sources are not available. The Contractor shall prepare a Redevelopment Plan for the quarry site and get it approved by the EO/Supervision Consultant. The construction schedule and operations plans to be submitted to the EO prior to commencement of work shall contain a detailed work plan for procuring materials that includes procurement, transportation and storage of quarry materials. Operation & redevelopment plan (if a new quarry is opened)….. Photograph of the quarry site prior to commencement The quarry boundaries as well as location of the materials deposits, working equipments, stockpiling, access roads and final shape of the pit. Drainage and erosion control measures at site. Safety Measures during quarry operation. Design for redevelopment of exhaust site. Option-A: Revegetating the quarry to merge with surrounding landscape: This is done by conserving and reapplying the topsoil for the vegetative growth. Option-B: Developing exhausted quarries as water bodies: The pit shall be reshaped and developed into pond, for harvesting rainwater. This option shall only be considered where the location of quarry is at the lowest point, i.e. surrounding areas/natural drainage slopes towards it. CONSTRUCTION STAGE Development of site: To minimize the adverse impact during excavation of material following measures are need to be undertaken: i) Adequate drainage system shall be provided to prevent the flooding of the excavated area ii) At the stockpiling locations, the Contractor shall construct sediment barriers to prevent the erosion of excavated material due to runoff iii) Construction of offices, laboratory, workshop and rest places shall be done in the up-wind of the plant to minimize the adverse impact due to dust and noise. iv) The access road to the plant shall be constructed taking into consideration location of units and also slope of the ground to regulate the vehicle movement within the plant. v) Incase of storage of blasting material, all precautions shall be taken as per The Explosive Rules, 1983. QUARRY OPERATIONS INCLUDING SAFETY i) Overburden shall be removed and disposed inline with Guidelines for Debris Disposal Site and management giving in Appendix-8.4 ii) During excavation, slopes shall be flatter than 20 degrees to prevent their sliding. Incases where quarry strata are good and where chances of sliding are less this restriction can be ignored. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 iii) Incase of blasting, procedure and safety measures shall be taken as per The Explosive Rules, 1983 iv) The contractor shall ensure that all workers related safety measures shall be done as per guidelines for Workers and Safety attached as Appendix-8.15 v) The contractor shall ensure maintenance of crushers regularly as per manufacturer’s recommendation. Topsoil will be excavated and preserved during transportation of the material measures shall be taken to minimize the generation of dust and prevent accidents. The EO and the Supervision Consultant shall review the quarry site for the management measures during quarry operation, including the compliance to pollution norms. POST CONSTRUCTION STAGE The Contractor shall restore all haul roads constructed for transporting the material from the quarries to construction site to their original state. The EO and the Supervision Consultant shall be entrusted the responsibility of reviewing the quarry site for the progress of implementation of Redevelopment Plan. These shall include the following two cases; Redevelopment of quarries opened by the Contractor for the project Redevelopment of existing quarries operated by other agencies In the first case, the Contractor shall be responsible for the Redevelopment Plan prior to completion after five years, during the defect liability period. The EO shall be responsible for reviewing this case of redevelopment prior to the issuing the defect liability certificate. In the second case, the redevelopment of exhaust quarry shall be the responsibility of the agency providing the permit to ensure the implementation of Redevelopment Plan. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Case I- For each aggregate-cum-quarry sand source, the plan should contain a separate section. If the quarry is an existing one and is managed directly by the Contractor, the plan should contain the following: Sr. Remarks by Item Unit Details No. SC/EO, if any 1. Name / identity of the location 2. Nearest project road chainage. 3. Name of the owner 4. Area involved Cum Arrangement with the owner (agreement with land 5. owner should be attached as an Annexure) Quantity of material to be withdrawn vis-à-vis the 6. Cum material available 7. Machinery & equipment to be used Copy of the consents to establish and operate 8. should be attached as an Annexure. Copy of the license from Mining & Geology, Police 9. & Fire dept. Conditions laid down in the clearances / licenses 10. and plans to ensure compliance Photographs of the quarry prior to commencing 11. operations. 12. Access roads condition and proposed maintenance Tree-cutting required, if any, along with 13. No.s compensation measures Information on whether or not the quarry will be 14. closed under this project. If yes, the proposed closure & restoration plan. 15. Sketch of the layout of the quarry Description of the operating practices to be 16. adopted. Attach Photograph of Proposed Site, Location Map, and Agreement with land owner REMARKS SUBMITTED CHECKED APPROVED SIGNATURE ……………… SIGNATURE ………………….. SIGNATURE ………………… NAME …………………. NAME ……………………… NAME …………………….. DESIGNATION ………….. CONTRACTOR CONSTRUCTION SUPERVISION EXECUTIVE ENGINEER CONSULTANT DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Case II -If the quarry is an existing one and is managed directly by a sub-contractor from whom the Contractor is sourcing the materials, the plan should contain the following: Sr. Remarks by Item Unit Details No. SC/EO, if any 1. Name / identity of the location 2. Nearest project road chainage. 3. Name of the owner 4. Area involved 5. Arrangement with the owner Arrangement with the sub-contractor (agreement with sub-contractor should be attached as an Annexure 6. and should necessarily require the adoption of good quarry management practices – a description of the requirements should be included) Quantity of material to be withdrawn vis-à-vis the 7. material available 8. Machinery & equipment to be used 9. Drainage plans 10. Top soil management 11. Description of the operating practices 12. Health facilities Safety provisions made including fire protection systems and the availability of different personal 13. protective equipment such as helmets, ear plugs / muffs and face masks Copy of the sub-contractor licenses from PCB, Mining 14. & Geology, Police & Fire Dept. 15. Conditions laid down in the clearances / licenses 16. Monitoring plans for air quality Information on whether or not the quarry will be 17. closed under this project. If yes, the proposed closure & restoration plan. 18. Sketch of the layout of the quarry Photographs of the quarry before material sourcing 19. for the project Attach Photograph of Proposed Site, Location Map, and Agreement with land owner REMARKS SUBMITTED CHECKED APPROVED SIGNATURE ……………… SIGNATURE ………………….. SIGNATURE ………………… NAME …………………. NAME ……………………… NAME …………………….. DESIGNATION ………….. CONTRACTOR CONSTRUCTION SUPERVISION EXECUTIVE ENGINEER CONSULTANT DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Case III - If the quarry is a new one and is managed directly by the Contractor from whom the contractor is sourcing the materials, the plan should contain the following: Remarks Sr. Item Unit Details by SC/EO, No. if any 1. Name / identity of the location 2. Nearest project road chainage. 3. Name of the owner 4. Area involved Sqm Existing land use (verification required from land records 5. with revenue department) Land use of the area surrounding the proposed site 6. including a map Access roads – existing conditions, proposed development 7. and maintenance Tree-cutting and vegetation clearance required, if any, 8. No.s along with compensation measures Arrangement with the owner (Agreement should necessarily include commitment of the contractor to adopt 9. good quarry management practices – a description of the requirements should be included - and should indicate proposed restoration plans) Quantity of material to be withdrawn vis-à-vis the material 10. Cum available 11. Particular areas to be quarried should be clearly identified Pre-establishment activities, e.g. purchase / lease of nearby 12. properties 13. Machinery & equipment to be used 14. Drainage plans 15. Top soil management 16. Description of the operating practices 17. Health facilities Safety provisions made including fire protection systems and the availability of different personal protective 18. equipment such as helmets, ear plugs / muffs and face masks 19. Monitoring plans for air quality Copy of the sub-contractor licenses from PCB, Mining & 20. Geology, Police & Fire dept. 21. Conditions laid down in the clearances / licenses Information on whether or not the quarry will be closed 22. under this project. If yes, the proposed closure & restoration plan. 23. Sketch of the layout of the quarry Concerns of the local people living in the immediate / near 24. vicinity should be identified and appropriates measures should be reflected Tree-cutting required, if any, along with compensation 25. measures 26. Photographs of the quarry before the project Attach Photograph of Proposed Site, Location Map, and Agreement with land owner DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 5 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 REMARK SUBMITTED CHECKED APPROVED SIGNATURE …………… SIGNATURE ………………….. SIGNATURE ………………… NAME …………………. NAME ……………………… NAME ……………….. DESIGNATION ……… CONTRACTOR CONSTRUCTION SUPERVISION EXECUTIVE CONSULTANT ENGINEER DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 6 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 APPENDIX 8.3: GUIDELINE FOR BORROW AREAS MANAGEMENT Borrow areas will be finalized either form the list of locations recommended by DPR consultants or new areas identified by contractor. The finalization of locations identified by DPR consultant or identified by contractor depends upon the formal agreement between landowners and contractor and its suitability from civil engineering as well as environmental consideration. Meeting the guidelines/notifications as stipulated from time to time by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, and local bodies, as applicable shall be the sole responsibility of the contractor. Besides this certain precautions have to be taken to restrict unauthorized borrowing by the contractor. No borrow area shall be opened without permission of the Engineer/EO. The engineer in addition to the established practices, rules and regulation will also consider following criteria before approving the Borrow areas. (1) The borrow area should not be located in cultivable land unless unavoidable i.e. no suitable uncultivable land in the vicinity for borrowing or private landowners are willing to allow borrowing in their fields. (2) Along the roadside, borrow pits should be located 5m away from the toe line. (3) The loss of productive and agriculture soil should be minimum. (4) The loss of vegetation is almost nil or minimum. (5) Sufficient quality of soil is available. (6) The Contractor will ensure that suitable earth is available. After identification of borrow areas based on guidelines. Contractor will fill reporting format as under and submit the same for approval to the “Engineer” Once approved the contractor will adhere to the recommendation for borrow area to the satisfaction of Engineer. (1) In no case the depth of borrow area should exceed 2m from the existing ground level. (2) Borrow pits slope should be maintained, no steeper than 1 Vertical: 4 Horizontal. (3) In case of cultivable land, top soil (15cm) should be preserved and stockpiled. (4) Ridges of not less than 8m width should be left at intervals not exceeding 300m. Small drains to be cut through the ridges to facilitate drainage (5) Water pooling to be avoided/managed so that no disease spread due to water stagnation. (6) Borrow pits should be located at least 1000m away from settlements. (7) Precautionary measures as the covering of vehicles will be taken to avoid spillage during transportation of borrow area. (8) The unpaved surfaces used for the haulage of borrow materials should be maintained properly for dust suppression. (9) Haulage of material to embankments or other areas of fill shall proceed only when sufficient spreading and compaction facility is operating at the place of deposition, to minimize dust pollution. (10) Borrow pits located near settlements will be re-developed immediately after borrowing is completed. If spoils are dumped, that will be covered with a layers of stockpiled topsoil in accordance with compliance requirements with respect MOEF/SPCB guidelines DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 (11) Redevelopment of the borrow areas to mitigate the impact will be the responsibility of the contractor. The contractor shall evolve site-specific redevelopment plans for each borrow area locations, which shall be implemented after the approval of the Engineer. (12) Borrow area near to any surface water body will be at least at a distance of 15m from the toe of the bank or high flood level, whichever is maximum. (13) During rains appropriate measures to be taken to minimize soil erosion, silt fencing to be provided as directed by Engineer/EO. (14) Borrow areas might be used for aquaculture in case landowner wants such development. In that case, such borrow area will be photographed after their post use restoration and Environment Expert of Supervision Consultant will certify the post use redevelopment. The Contractor will keep record of photographs of various stages i.e., before using materials from the location (pre-project), for the period borrowing activities (construction Phase) and after rehabilitation (post development), to ascertain the pre and post borrowing status of the area. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Format EM1: Reporting for Borrow Areas (To be Submitted by Contractor for taking consent for opening of Borrow area) Construction Stage Report: Date ____ Month________ Year_________ Site Layout of Borrow Area and Proposed Borrow Area Redevelopment Plan to be attached with format Format to be submitted before target date as (decided by PIU) for establishing Borrow Areas Borrow Area No. BA Location of Borrow Area (Km______ Package ______) Sl. Remarks by Item Unit Details No SC/EO, if any 1 Details of Borrow Area Date of Borrow Area becoming operational a dd/mm/yy b Current Land use c Distance from Nearest Settlement Km d No of settlements within 200m of Haul Road No. e No of settlements within 500m of Borrow Area No. f Total Capacity cum g No of Trees with girth more than 0.3 m No. h Length of Haul Road km i Width of Haul road m j Type of Haul Road metal/dirt k Size of Borrow Area sqkm l Area of Borrow Area km x km m Quantity Available cum Type/Size/Capacity/Present n Distance of Nearest Water Source Use/Ownership o Quantity of top soil removed cum p Detail of storage of topsoil Daily/occasional use of the Borrow Area by the q - community, if any r Probable reuse of Borrow pit-ask community - Drainage channels/slope/characteristics of the s - area 2 Enhancement Elements a Quantity of top soil removed sq.m b Detail of storage of topsoil sq.m c Adjoining land use/Natural elements d Near by catchment for storing water e Erosion Control Programme f Preventive measures for i Leaching ii Mosquito Breeding iii Water run-off/contamination DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Sl. Remarks by Item Unit Details No SC/EO, if any iv Any other environmental degradation 3 Details of workforce a Total No of Labourers No. b Total no of Male Workers No. c No of Male Workers below 18 years of age No. d Total No of Female Workers No. e No of Female workers below 18 years of age No. 4 Details of redevelopment, Plan to be enclosed Certified that the furnished information is correct the quality of work is as per good practice and all relevant information as required is attached Project Engineer (Supervision Consultant) (Contractor) Attach Photograph of Proposed Site, Location Map, and Agreement with land owner REHABILITATION PLAN MEASURES LOCATION 1: LOCATION 4: LOCATION 2: LOCATION 5: LOCATION 3: LOCATION 6: REMARKS SUBMITTED CHECKED APPROVED SIGNATURE ……………… SIGNATURE ………………….. SIGNATURE ………………… NAME …………………. NAME ……………………… NAME …………………….. DESIGNATION ………….. CONTRACTOR CONSTRUCTION SUPERVISION EXECUTIVE ENGINEER CONSULTANT DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 APPENDIX 8.: GUIDELINE FOR DEBRIS DISPOSAL SITES AND MANAGEMENT The locations of disposal sites have to be selected such that: Productive land to be avoided and available wasteland to be given preference. Disposal sites to be located at least 1000m away from sensitive locations like settlements, water body, notified forest areas, sanctuaries or any other sensitive locations. Should be located in the downwind side of nearest settlement locations. Disposal sites do not contaminate any water sources, rivers etc for this, site should be located away from water body, and disposal site should be lined properly to prevent infiltration of water. Public perception about the location of debris disposal site has to be obtained before finalizing the location. Permission from the villager/local community is to be obtained in writing by contractor for finalising the disposal site identified. The Plan must be approved by EO/Supervision Consultant and PIU- TNRSP. PRECAUTIONS TO BE ADOPTED DURING DISPOSAL OF DEBRIS / WASTE MATERIAL The contractor shall take the following precautions while disposing off the waste material During the site clearance and disposal of debris, the contractor will take full care to ensure that public or private properties are not damaged / affected, there is no dwellings below the dumpsite and that the traffic is not interrupted. Contractor will dispose off debris only to the identified places or at other places only with prior permission of Engineer/EO. In the event of any spoil or debris from the sites being deposited on any adjacent land, the contractor will immediately remove all such spoil debris and restore the affected area to its original state to the satisfaction of the Engineer/EO. The contractor will at all times ensure that the entire existing drains within and adjacent to the site are kept safe and free from any debris. Contractor will utilize effective water sprays during the delivery and handling of materials when dust is likely to be created and to dampen stored materials during dry and windy weather. Materials having the potential to produce dust will not the loaded to a level higher than the side and tail boards and will be covered with a tarpaulin in good condition. Care should always be taken to maintain the hydrological flow in the area. REHABILITATION OF DISPOSAL SITES The dumpsites filled only up to the ground level could be rehabilitated as per guidelines below and to be decided by the engineer and the supervision consultant The dumpsites have to be suitably rehabilitated by planting local species of shrubs and other plants. Local species of trees has also to be planted so that the landscape is coherent and is in harmony with its various components. In cases where a dumpsite is near to the local village community settlements, it could be converted into a play field by spreading the dump material evenly on the ground. Such playground could be made coherent with the landscape by planting trees all along the periphery of the playground. Material excavated for foundation of bridge works should not be dumped in the water course; if same has to be refilled then precaution has to be taken so that the excavated material should not be carried away by flowing/rainy water, thereby silting the water course. Care should always be taken to maintain the hydrological flow in the area. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Format EM1: Selection of dump site locations From ________ To _____ (Give chainage and nearest settlements from both ends) Criteria on which information for each site is to be collected Site 1 Site 2 Site 3 Site 4 2 Area covered (m ) 3 Total Material that can be dumped within the site (m ) Depth to which dumping is feasible (m) Distance of nearest watercourse (m) Nearest Settlement (m) Date/s of Community Consultation/s Whether the community is agreeable to siting of dumping site (Y/N) Date of Permission from Village Council President(VCP) Proposed future use of the Site Selected Site (tick any one column only) Certified that the above information is correct to the best of my knowledge and belief. (Contractor) Verified: Date: Recommendation on the suitability of the site Signed: Date: Name & Designation: Decision Taken (tick one): Approved/Not Approved Signed: Date: Name and Designation of Deciding Authority Enclosures (Tick as appropriate) 1 Maps of each location 2 Photographs a Each dumping location b Each community consultation 3 Photocopies of permissions from VCPs Name and Designation of Verifier: DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 APPENDIX 8.5: GUIDELINES FOR SITE CLEARANCE AND TREE FELLING 1. VEGETATION CLEARANCE Vegetation clearance shall comprise uprooting of vegetation, grass, brushwood, shrubs, stumps, trees and saplings of girth up to 30 cm. measured at a height of one meter above the ground level. Where only clearance of grass is involved it shall be measured and paid for separately. The procedure/ steps involved for uprooting, skating and felling trees are described below. 1.1 Uprooting of Vegetation The roots of trees and saplings shall be removed to a depth of 60 cm below ground level or 30 cm below formation level or 15 cm below sub grade level, whichever is lower. All holes or hollows formed due to removal of roots shall be filled up with earth rammed and levelled. Trees, shrubs, poles, fences, signs, monuments, pipe lines, cables etc. within or adjacent to the area, which are not required to be disturbed during vegetation clearance shall be properly protected by the contractor at his own cost. 1.2 Staking and Disposal All useful materials obtained from clearing and grubbing operation shall be staked in the manner as directed by the Engineer. Trunks and branches of trees shall be cleared of limbs and tops stacked properly at the places indicated by the Engineer- in-charge. These materials shall be the property of the Government. All unusable materials are disposed off in such a manner that there is no chance of these materials getting mixed up with the materials meant for construction. 1.3 Felling Trees Marking of tress: Trees, above 30 cm. Girth (measured at a height of one meter above ground level) and below 30cm girth to be cut, shall be approved by the Engineer-in-charge and then marked at the site. Felling of trees: Felling of trees shall include taking out roots up to 60 cm below ground level or 30 cm below formation level or 15 cm below sub-grade level, whichever is lower. Filling: All excavations below general ground level arising out of removal of trees, stumps etc. shall be filled with suitable material in 20 cm. layers and compacted thoroughly so that the surface at these points conforms to the surrounding area. Sizing: The trunks and branches of trees shall be cleared of limbs and tops and cut into suitable pieces as directed by the Engineer-in-charge. Staking: The serviceable materials shall be staked in the manner as directed by the Environmental specialist of Supervision Consultants/Engineer-in-charge. Disposal: The material, which cannot be used or auctioned shall be removed from the area and disposed off as per the directions of the Engineer-in-charge. Unsuitable waste materials should not be mixed with construction material during disposal. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Format EM4: Tree Felling Physical Target Completion Target S. Date of Links Target % of task Target Reason for No Total Target Completion if task Achieved completed Date Delay if any completed Unit 1 Nos 2 Nos 3 Nos 4 Nos (Signed) District Collector DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 APPENDIX 8.6: GUIDELINE FOR SITING & LAYOUT OF CONSTRUCTION CAMP (A) SITING The contractor based on the following guidelines shall identify the location of the construction site. The construction site shall be located: At least 1000m away from major settlements in downwind direction. The living accommodation and ancillary facilities for labour shall be erected and maintained to standards and scales approved by the resident engineer. A minimum 500m away from surface water course or body. A minimum 1000m away from Wild life Sanctuary/Ecologically Sensitive Areas. Should not be located in cultivable land unless unavoidable. All sites used for camps must be adequately drained. The camps must be located such that the drainage from and through the camps will not endanger any domestic or public water supply. All sites must be graded, ditched and rendered free from depressions such that water may get stagnant and become a nuisance. (B) LAYOUT A conceptual layout of a typical construction site has been presented in Figure below. The Contractor during the progress of work will provide, erect and maintain necessary (temporary) living accommodation and ancillary facilities for labour to standards and scales approved by the engineer. All temporary accommodation must be constructed and maintained in such a fashion that uncontaminated water is available for drinking, cooking and washing. Safe drinking water should be provided to the dwellers of the construction camps. Adequate washing and bathing places shall be provided, and kept in clean and drained condition. Construction camps are to be sited away from vulnerable people and adequate health care is to be provided for the work force. Sanitation Facilities: Construction camps shall be provided sanitary latrines and urinals. Sewerage drains should be provided for the flow of used water outside the camp. Drains and ditches should be treated with bleaching powder on a regular basis. The sewage system for the camp must be properly designed, built and operated so that no health hazard occurs and no pollution to the air, ground or adjacent watercourses takes place. Compliance with the relevant legislation must be strictly adhered to. Garbage bins must be provided in the camp and regularly emptied and the garbage disposed off in a hygienic manner Shelter at Workplace: At every workplace, there shall be provided free of cost, four suitable shelters, two for meals and two others for rest, separately for use of men and women labourers. The height of shelter shall not be less than 3m from floor level to lowest part of the roof. Sheds shall be kept clean and the space provided shall be on the basis of at least 0.5m2 per head. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Canteen Facilities: A cooked food canteen on a moderate scale shall be provided for the benefit of workers wherever it is considered necessary. The contractor shall conform generally to sanitary requirements of local medical, health and municipal authorities and at all times adopt such precautions as may be necessary to prevent soil pollution of the site. First aid facilities: At every workplace, a readily available first-aid unit including an adequate supply of sterilized dressing materials and appliances will be provided. Workplaces remote and far away from regular hospitals will have indoor health units with two bed facility. Suitable transport will be provided to facilitate taking injured and ill persons to the nearest hospital. At construction camp an ambulance room containing the prescribed equipment and nursing staff will be provided. Health Care Facilities: Health problems of the workers should be taken care of by providing basic health care facilities through health centres temporarily set up for the construction camp. The health centre should have at least a doctor, nurses, duty staff, medicines and minimum medical facilities to tackle first-aid requirements or minor accidental cases, linkage with nearest higher order hospital to refer patients of major illnesses or critical cases. The health centre should have MCW (Mother and Child Welfare) units for treating mothers and children in the camp. Apart from this, the health centre should provide with regular vaccinations required for children. Day Crèche Facilities: At every construction site, provision of a day crèche shall be worked out so as to enable women to leave behind their children. At construction sites where 20 or more women are ordinarily employed, there shall be provided at least a hut for use of children under the age of 6 years belonging to such women. Huts shall not be constructed to a standard lower than that of thatched roof, mud walls and floor with wooden planks spread over mud floor and covered with matting. Huts shall be provided with suitable and sufficient openings for light and ventilation. There shall be adequate provision of sweepers to keep the places clean. There shall be two maidservants (or aayas) in the satisfaction of local medical, health, municipal or cantonment authorities. Where the number of women workers is more than 25 but less than 50, the contractor shall provide with at least one hut and one maidservant to look after the children of women workers. Size of crèches shall vary according to the number of women workers employed. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT APPENDIX 8.6 Highways Department, GoTN Figure-1: Typical Layout of Construction Camp TNRSP Phase II Page | 3 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 APPENDIX 8.7: SOIL EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION CONTROL All materials shall meet commercial grade standards and shall be approved by the Engineer before being used in the work. CONSTRUCTION STAGE Prior to the start of the relevant construction, the Contractor shall submit to the Engineer for approval, his schedules for carrying out temporary and permanent erosion/sedimentation control works as are applicable for the items of clearing and grubbing, roadway and drainage excavation, embankment/sub-grade construction, bridges and other structures across water courses, pavement courses and shoulders. He shall also submit for approval his proposed method of erosion/sedimentation control on service road and borrow pits and his plan for disposal of waste materials. Work shall not be started until the erosion/sedimentation control schedules and methods of operations for the applicable construction have been approved by the Engineer. The surface area of erodible earth material exposed by clearing and grubbing, excavation, borrow and fill operations shall be limited to the extent practicable. The Contractor may be directed to provide immediate control measures to prevent soil erosion and sedimentation that will adversely affect construction operations, damage adjacent properties, or cause contami- nation of nearby streams or other watercourses. Such work may involve the construction of temporary berms, dikes, sediment basins, slope drains and use of temporary mulches, fabrics, mats, seeding, or other control devices or methods as necessary to control erosion and sedimentation. The Contractor shall be required to incorporate all permanent erosion and sedimentation control features into the project at the earliest practicable time as outlined in his accepted schedule to minimize the need for temporary erosion and sedimentation control measures. Temporary erosion/sedimentation and pollution control measures will be used to control the phenomenon of erosion, sedimentation and pollution that may develop during normal construction practices, but may neither be foreseen during design stage nor associated with permanent control features on the Project. Where erosion or sedimentation is likely to be a problem, clearing and grubbing operations should be so scheduled and performed that grading operations and permanent erosion or sedimentation control features can follow immediately thereafter if the project conditions permit; otherwise temporary erosion or sedimentation control measures may be required between successive construction stages. Under no conditions shall a large surface area of credible earth material be exposed at one time by clearing and grubbing or excavation without prior approval of the EO/Engineer. The Engineer may limit the area of excavation, borrow and embankment operations in progress, commensurate with the Contractor's capability and progress in keeping the finish grading, mulching, seeding and other such permanent erosion, sedimentation and pollution control measures, in accordance with the accepted schedule. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Temporary erosion is sometimes caused due to the Contractor's negligence, carelessness or failure to install permanent controls. Sedimentation and pollution control measures then become necessary as a part of the work as scheduled or ordered by the Engineer, and these shall be carried out at the Contractor's own expense. Temporary erosion, sedimentation and pollution control work required, which is not attributed to the Contractor's negligence, carelessness or failure to install permanent controls, will be performed as ordered by the EO/Engineer. Temporary erosion, sedimentation and pollution control may include construction work outside the right of way where such work is necessary as a result of road construction such as borrow pit operations, service roads and equipment storage sites. The temporary erosion, sedimentation and pollution control features installed by the Contractor shall be maintained by him till these are needed, unless otherwise agreed by the Engineer. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 APPENDIX 8.8: DRAWINGS OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENHANCMENT MEASURES Drawing No. 1: Enhancement measures for pond at km 24+750 along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram - Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Drawing No.2: Enhancement measures for pond at km 54+500 along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Drawing No.3: Enhancement Measure for space opposite to Maha Kavi Bharthiyar house along Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road, Section of SH44 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Drawing No. 4: Enhancement measures for pond at km 15+000 along Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road, Section of SH 89 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Drawing No. 5: Enhancement measures for pond at km 4+980 along Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 5 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Drawing No. 6: Enhancement measures for pond at km 11+250 along Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 6 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Drawing No. 7: Enhancement measures for pond at km 24+380 along Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Drawing No. 8: Enhancement measures for pond at km 42+200 along Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli section of SH-41 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 APPENDIX 8.9: CHAINAGE AND SPECIES WISE DETAILS OF TREES (GIRTH SIZE <30 CM) FOR TRANSPLANTATION Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 (LHS) Chainage Local Name Botanical Name Girth Size (m) Approx. Height (m) 22.5-22.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 22.6-22.7 Vatha Narayanan Delonix elata 0.12 1.5 22.6-22.7 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.09 1 22.6-22.7 Vatha Narayanan Delonix elata 0.19 2.5 22.6-22.7 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.14 2 22.6-22.7 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.26 2 22.6-22.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.07 1.5 22.6-22.7 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.06 1.5 22.7-22.8 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.15 2 22.7-22.8 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.14 1.5 22.7-22.8 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.09 1.5 22.7-22.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.05 1.5 22.7-22.8 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.12 2.2 22.8-22.9 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.12 1.5 22.8-22.9 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.09 1.5 22.8-22.9 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.09 1.5 22.8-22.9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.25 2.5 22.8-22.9 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.12 2 22.9-23.0 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.21 2.5 22.9-23.0 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.14 1.5 22.9-23.0 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.26 2.5 22.9-23.0 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.15 2 22.9-23.0 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.09 1.5 22.9-23.0 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.12 2 22.9-23.0 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 1.8 22.9-23.0 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.14 2 22.9-23.0 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.12 2 22.9-23.0 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.11 2 23.0-23.1 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.07 1 23.0-23.1 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.09 1 23.1-23.2 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.08 1 23.1-23.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.07 1.5 23.1-23.2 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.08 1.5 23.1-23.2 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.2 2 23.1-23.2 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.12 1.5 23.1-23.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.17 2 23.2-23.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.09 1.5 23.3-23.4 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.16 1.8 23.3-23.4 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.18 2 23.3-23.4 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.11 1.5 23.3-23.4 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.12 1.5 23.3-23.4 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.17 2 23.4-23.5 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.22 2.5 23.4-23.5 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.2 2 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage Local Name Botanical Name Girth Size (m) Approx. Height (m) 23.4-23.5 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.12 1.8 23.4-23.5 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.15 1.5 23.5-23.6 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.13 2 23.5-23.6 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.1 1.5 23.6-23.7 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.23 2 23.6-23.7 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.26 2 23.6-23.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.09 1.5 23.6-23.7 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.14 2 23.7-23.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1.5 23.7-23.8 Tamarind Tamarindus Indica 0.12 2 23.8-23.9 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.08 1 23.9-24.0 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.1 1.5 24.0-24.1 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.13 1.5 24.0-24.1 Vatha Narayanan Delonix elata 0.13 2 24.1-24.2 Vatha Narayanan Delonix elata 0.22 2 24.1-24.2 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.15 2 24.2-24.3 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.11 1.5 24.2-24.3 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.09 1.5 24.2-24.3 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.12 1.5 27.5-27.6 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.2 2 29.1-29.2 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.24 2 29.2-29.3 Thekku Tectona grandis 0.17 3.5 29.3-29.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.13 2.5 29.9-30.0 Thekku Tectona grandis 0.25 3 31.6-31.7 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.15 1.5 31.7-31.8 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.12 1 34.4-34.5 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.12 1.8 37.9-38.0 Thekku Tectona grandis 0.25 3.5 41.8-41.9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.13 2 42.1-42.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.13 2 42.1-42.2 vaagai Albizia labac 0.18 2.5 42.1-42.2 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.11 1.8 42.2-42.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 43.3-43.4 Naaval Syzygium cumini 0.08 1 43.3-43.4 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.07 1.5 53.3-53.4 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.15 2.5 54.5-54.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 54.5-54.6 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.15 2 54.5-54.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 2 54.6-54.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 54.6-54.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2.5 55.2-55.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.13 1.5 55.7-55.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.09 1.1 55.7-55.8 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.1 1.5 55.8-55.9 Poovarasu Thespesia populnea 0.18 2 55.8-55.9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2 55.9-56.0 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.18 2.5 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Paruvakudi - Kovilpatti - Ettayapuram -Vilathikulam - Vembar Road (km 22/500 to km 38/750 and km 41/300 to km 56/700), Section of SH44 (RHS) Chainage Local Name Botanical Name Girth Size (m) Approx. Height (m) 22.5-22.6 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.12 1.5 22.5-22.6 Vatha Narayanan Delonix elata 0.24 3 22.5-22.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 2 22.6-22.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.18 2 22.6-22.7 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.15 1.5 22.6-22.7 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.11 1.5 22.6-22.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.17 2 22.6-22.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.11 2 22.6-22.7 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.12 2 22.6-22.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1.5 22.6-22.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 1.5 22.7-22.8 Tamarind Tamarindus Indica 0.14 1.5 22.7-22.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 22.7-22.8 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.14 1.5 22.7-22.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.08 1.5 22.7-22.8 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.07 1.5 22.7-22.8 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.1 1.8 22.7-22.8 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.07 1.5 22.7-22.8 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.07 1.5 22.8-22.9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 2 22.8-22.9 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.09 1.5 22.8-22.9 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.11 1.5 22.8-22.9 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.1 1.5 22.8-22.9 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.06 1 22.8-22.9 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.12 1.5 22.8-22.9 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.13 2 22.9-23.0 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.15 2 22.9-23.0 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 1.5 22.9-23.0 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.18 2 22.9-23.0 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 22.9-23.0 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.13 1.8 22.9-23.0 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.13 2 22.9-23.0 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.25 3 22.9-23.0 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.23 2.5 22.9-23.0 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.08 1.5 23.0-23.1 Vatha Narayanan Delonix elata 0.1 1.5 23.0-23.1 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.13 2 23.0-23.1 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.09 1.5 23.0-23.1 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.07 1 23.0-23.1 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.09 1.5 23.1-23.2 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.27 1.8 23.1-23.2 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.12 1.5 23.1-23.2 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.17 2.2 23.1-23.2 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.16 2.5 23.1-23.2 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.08 1.5 23.1-23.2 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.15 1.8 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage Local Name Botanical Name Girth Size (m) Approx. Height (m) 23.2-23.3 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.13 2 23.2-23.3 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.12 1.8 23.3-23.4 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.16 2.5 23.3-23.4 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.1 1.5 23.3-23.4 Vatha Narayanan Delonix elata 0.09 1.5 23.4-23.5 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.12 2 23.4-23.5 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.1 1.5 23.4-23.5 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.11 1.5 23.4-23.5 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.14 2.5 23.4-23.5 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.15 2 23.4-23.5 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.08 1.5 23.5-23.6 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.13 1.5 23.5-23.6 Vatha Narayanan Delonix elata 0.09 1.5 23.5-23.6 Vatha Narayanan Delonix elata 0.1 2 23.5-23.6 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.19 1.5 23.6-23.7 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.14 1.5 23.6-23.7 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.16 1.5 23.6-23.7 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.2 2 23.6-23.7 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.09 1.5 23.6-23.7 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.1 1.5 23.7-23.8 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.09 2 23.7-23.8 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.07 1.5 23.7-23.8 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.2 2 23.8-23.9 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.09 1.5 23.8-23.9 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.07 1 23.8-23.9 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.1 1.5 23.8-23.9 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.07 1.5 23.8-23.9 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.1 2 23.8-23.9 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.06 1.5 23.8-23.9 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.19 2.5 23.8-23.9 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.09 1.5 23.8-23.9 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.06 1.5 24.0-24.1 Vatha Narayanan Delonix elata 0.13 1.5 24.0-24.1 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.07 1.5 24.1-24.2 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.14 1.8 24.1-24.2 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.1 1.5 24.1-24.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.08 1.5 24.1-24.2 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.15 1.8 24.3-24.4 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.09 1.5 27.4-27.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.19 2.5 28.9-29.0 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.13 2 33.5-33.6 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.23 2 33.5-33.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.11 1.5 34.4-34.5 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.13 2 41.6-41.7 .Naaval Syzygium cumini 0.2 2 41.6-41.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.13 2 41.7-41.8 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.15 2 42.1-42.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 42.2-42.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Chainage Local Name Botanical Name Girth Size (m) Approx. Height (m) 42.2-42.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.14 2.5 42.2-42.3 Poonga Pongamia pinnata 0.09 1.8 42.3-42.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.19 2 42.5-42.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.11 1.5 42.7-42.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2 43.1-43.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.16 1.8 43.5-43.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2.5 44.2-44.3 .Naaval Syzygium cumini 0.12 2 44.3-44.4 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.15 1.5 44.3-44.4 Kodikapuli Pithecollobium dulce 0.09 1.8 44.6-44.7 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.14 1.8 52.4-52.5 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.21 2.5 52.4-52.5 Tamarind Tamarindus indica 0.18 1.8 54.5-54.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.09 1.5 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 (LHS) Existing Chainage Local Name Botanical Name Girth Size (m) Approx. Height (m) 0.2-0.3 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.15 2 2.0-2.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.17 2 2.0-2.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 2.0-2.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.19 2 2.0-2.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.22 2.5 2.1-2.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 2.5 2.1-2.2 Arasu Ficus religiosa 0.12 1.5 2.2-2.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.22 2 2.3-2.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.14 2 2.3-2.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.19 2.5 2.3-2.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.22 1 2.3-2.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.27 2.5 2.4-2.5 Pulee Tamarindus indica 0.27 2.5 2.5-2.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 3.0-3.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 4.8-4.9 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.14 1.5 4.8-4.9 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.2 1.5 4.8-4.9 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.22 2 5.1-5.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 5.6-5.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.17 2.5 5.6-5.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.09 1.5 5.8-5.9 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.09 1.5 5.8-5.9 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.28 2 5.8-5.9 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.12 1.5 5.8-5.9 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.16 2 6.0-6.1 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.17 2 6.5-6.6 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.16 1.5 6.7-6.8 Usil Albizia procera 0.15 2 7.8-7.9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.09 1.5 7.9-8.0 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.09 1.5 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 5 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Existing Chainage Local Name Botanical Name Girth Size (m) Approx. Height (m) 10.3-10.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.17 2.5 10.4-10.5 Puvarasu Thespesia populnea 0.18 2.5 10.5-10.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 12.0-12.1 Puvarasu Thespesia populnea 0.18 2 12.0-12.1 Puvarasu Thespesia populnea 0.12 1.5 13.7-13.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2.5 13.7-13.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2 13.7-13.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.08 1.5 20.8-20.9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2 21.0-21.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 1.5 21.2-21.3 Aalamaram Ficus bengalensis 0.25 2 22.1-22.2 Aalamaram Ficus bengalensis 0.24 2 23.0-23.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1.5 23.0-23.1 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.12 1.5 23.1-23.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1.8 25.3-25.4 Puvarasu Thespesia populnea 0.15 2 25.6-25.7 Puvarasu Thespesia populnea 0.02 2.5 25.6-25.7 Puvarasu Thespesia populnea 0.22 2.5 26.7-28.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.17 2.5 26.8-26.9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.13 2 30.5-30.6 Tekku Tectona grandis 0.1 1.5 30.5-30.6 Tekku Tectona grandis 0.09 1.5 31.4-31.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 1 31.5-31.6 Vatha narayanam Delonix elata 0.15 2 31.5-31.6 Poo Maram Thalpoo 0.18 2 31.7-31.8 Poo Maram Thalpoo 0.08 1.5 32.0-32.1 Aalamaram Ficus bengalensis 0.17 2 32.0-32.1 Poo Maram Thalpoo 0.16 2 34.7-34.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.07 1 34.7-34.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 2 34.7-34.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.22 2 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road (km 0/000 to km 35/200), Section of SH 89 (RHS) Existing Chainage Local Name Botanical Name Girth Size (m) Approx. Height (m) 1.0-1.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 2 1.0-1.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.19 2 1.5-1.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.09 1.5 1.6-1.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.17 2.5 1.9-2.0 Arasu Ficus religiosa 0.18 2 2.0-2.1 Vatha narayanam Delonix elata 0.3 2.5 2.0-2.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.17 1.8 2.0-2.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2.3 2.1-2.2 Arasu Ficus religiosa 0.16 1.8 2.2-2.3 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.09 1.5 2.2-2.3 Pulee Tamarindus indica 0.24 2 2.2-2.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.13 2 2.2-2.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 6 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Existing Chainage Local Name Botanical Name Girth Size (m) Approx. Height (m) 2.3-2.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.26 2.5 4.3-4.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.18 1.8 4.3-4.4 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.12 1.8 4.9-5.0 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.23 2 5.6-5.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.18 2.5 5.7-5.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 7.5-7.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.11 1.5 7.6-7.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.17 2 8.4-8.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.18 2.5 8.7-8.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.24 2 9.0-9.1 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.18 1.5 10.6-10.7 Puvarasu Thespesia populnea 0.14 1.8 13.6-13.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 1 13.6-13.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 1.5 14.3-14.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1.8 14.7-14.8 Badan Terminalia Kadappa 0.12 1.5 14.7-14.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 2.5 14.7-14.8 Badan Terminalia Kadappa 0.12 1.5 14.7-14.8 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.13 2 15.9-16.0 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 1.5 16.4-16.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.11 1 16.5-16.6 Aalamaram Ficus bengalensis 0.15 2 16.5-16.6 Aalamaram Ficus bengalensis 0.18 2 19.9-20.0 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.09 1.5 19.9-20.0 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 20.7-20.8 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.12 1.8 31.1-31.2 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.24 2.5 31.1-31.2 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.2 2 31.2-31.3 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.12 1.5 31.3-31.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 1.5 31.5-31.6 Poo Maram Thalpoo 0.15 1.8 32.1-32.2 Poo Maram Thalpoo 0.15 2.5 32.3-32.4 Badam Terminalia Catappa 0.15 2 32.3-32.4 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.17 2.5 34.9-35.0 Puvarasu Thespesia populnea 0.12 2 34.9-35.0 Puvarasu Thespesia populnea 0.11 2 Rajapalayam - Sankarankovil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 (LHS) S. No. Tree No. Chainage Local Name Scientific Name Girth at (m) Approx Height (m) 1 43 2.6-2.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.16 2.5 2 3 3.0-3.1 Panna poo 0.14 2.5 3 5 3.0-3.1 Panna poo 0.1 2 4 6 3.0-3.1 Panna poo 0.12 2 5 8 3.0-3.1 Panna poo 0.12 2 6 11 3.0-3.1 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.14 2.5 7 26 3.5-3.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2.5 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 S. No. Tree No. Chainage Local Name Scientific Name Girth at (m) Approx Height (m) 8 27 3.5-3.6 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.12 2.5 9 28 3.5-3.6 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.1 2.5 10 8 5.1-5.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 11 16 5.3-5.4 Malavaagai 0.1 2 12 18 5.4-5.5 Pulee Tamarindus indica 0.15 2 13 2 6.0-6.1 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.09 1.5 14 4 7.2-7.3 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.25 2.5 15 7 7.2-7.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.25 2.5 16 13 7.3-7.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 2.5 17 22 7.4-7.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.25 2 18 25 7.6-7.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 2 19 33 7.7-7.8 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.2 1.5 20 66 8.8-8.9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1.5 21 74 8.9-9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.25 2 22 1 9.1-9.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1.5 23 19 10.5-10.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 2 24 6 11.8-11.9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2.5 25 10 12.7-12.8 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.2 1 26 1 13.0-13.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1 27 6 13.1-13.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1.5 28 17 17.9-18 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.1 1 29 5 20.`-20.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 2 30 18 20.5-20.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1 31 19 20.6-20.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1 32 20 20.6-20.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1 33 30 26.8-26.9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1 34 34 39.3-39.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 2 35 38 39.4-39.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 2 36 44 39.4-39.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 2 37 52 39.5-39.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2 38 58 39.6-39.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 39 63 39.6-39.7 Pulee Tamarindus indica 0.25 2 40 68 39.7-39.8 Pulee Tamarindus indica 0.2 2 41 69 39.7-39.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.18 2.5 42 82 39.9-40 Pulee Tamarindus indica 0.2 2 43 13 40.0-40.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 44 21 40.1-40.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 2.5 45 29 40.3-40.4 Pulee Tamarindus indica 0.2 2 46 30 40.3-40.4 Pulee Tamarindus indica 0.22 2 47 33 40.3-40.4 Pulee Tamarindus indica 0.25 2 48 34 40.4-40.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 1.5 49 38 40.4-40.5 Pulee Tamarindus indica 0.12 1.5 50 40 40.4-40.5 Pulee Tamarindus indica 0.24 2 51 41 40.4-40.5 Pulee Tamarindus indica 0.2 2 52 25 42.8-42.9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 53 29 42.9-43.0 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 1.5 54 34 42.9-43.0 Tekku Tectona grandis 0.12 2.5 55 30 43.2-43.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2 56 31 43.2-43.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.18 1.5 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 S. No. Tree No. Chainage Local Name Scientific Name Girth at (m) Approx Height (m) 57 36 43.2-43.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.13 1.5 58 53 43.6-43.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2 59 64 43.7-43.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 2 60 85 43.9-44.0 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2 61 86 43.9-44.0 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 2 62 1 44.0-44.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2.5 63 4 44.0-44.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 2 64 5 44.0-44.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.07 1.5 65 20 45.0-45.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 2 66 9 49.1-49.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.11 2 67 15 49.2-49.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2 68 16 49.2-49.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 2 69 18 49.2-49.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.14 2 70 19 49.3-49.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 2 71 21 49.3-49.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 72 22 49.4-49.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2.2 73 26 49.4-49.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.09 1.5 74 32 49.5-49.6 Pulee Tamarindus indica 0.12 2 75 34 49.6-49.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 2 76 35 49.7-49.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1.5 77 37 49.7-49.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 2 78 38 49.7-49.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1.5 79 47 49.8-49.9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 1.5 80 48 49.8-49.9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 2 81 1 50-50.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1 82 7 50.4-50.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1 83 8 50.4-50.5 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.1 1 84 18 54.1-54.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 2 85 23 54.2-54.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2 86 27 54.2-54.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 2 87 5 55.1-55.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 2 88 14 56.5-56.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 2 89 15 56.6-56.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 2 90 16 56.7-56.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 91 16 59.7-59.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1 92 17 59.7-59.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 1 93 4 61.0-61.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1.5 94 4 62.6-62.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1 95 5 62.6-62.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1 96 21 80.8-80.9 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.07 1.5 97 3 80.9-81.0 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.09 2 98 4 80.9-81.0 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.12 2 Rajapalayam - Sankarankoil – Tirunelveli (km 1/800 to km 28/000 and km 33/800 to km 82/800), Section of SH41 (RHS) S. No. Tree No. Chainage Local Name Scientific Name Girth (m) Approx Height (m) 1 30 2.4-2.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 9 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 S. No. Tree No. Chainage Local Name Scientific Name Girth (m) Approx Height (m) 2 34 2.5-2.6 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.18 1 3 35 2.5-2.6 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.12 1 4 37 2.5-2.6 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.11 1 5 44 2.7-2.8 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.23 1.5 6 4 3.0-3.1 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.07 0.5 7 25 3.6-3.7 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.09 1 8 35 3.7-3.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.09 1.5 9 41 3.9-4.0 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.09 1 10 5 4.0-4.1 Aalamaram Ficus bengalensis 0.22 1 11 25 4.3-4.4 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.18 0.5 12 43 4.7-4.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.21 3 13 18 5.2-5.3 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.2 1.8 14 26 5.4-5.5 Seetha 0.15 1.2 15 27 5.4-5.5 Seetha 0.11 1.2 16 31 5.4-5.5 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.1 1 17 33 5.4-5.5 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.26 0.6 18 37 5.5-5.6 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.14 0.2 19 38 5.5-5.6 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.23 0.1 20 74 5.9-6.0 nochi 0.11 2 21 19 6.1-6.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 1.15 22 32 6.2-6.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 0.8 23 41 6.3-6.4 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.25 3 24 49 6.3-6.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 2.5 25 53 6.4-6.5 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.12 2.6 26 55 6.4-6.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1.5 27 56 6.4-6.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.09 1.5 28 60 6.4-6.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 2.5 29 63 6.4-6.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.25 2.5 30 64 6.4-6.5 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.1 2 31 73 6.5-6.6 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.2 2 32 75 6.5-6.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 2.5 33 81 6.7-6.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 34 82 6.7-6.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2.5 35 84 6.7-6.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2 36 85 6.8-6.9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 2.5 37 87 6.8-6.9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2 38 88 6.8-6.9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.22 2 39 89 6.8-6.9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.18 2 40 93 6.9-7.0 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 41 99 6.9-7.0 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 42 5 7.0-7.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 43 7 7.0-7.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.25 2.5 44 8 7.1-7.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.25 1 45 9 7.1-7.2 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.15 2 46 10 7.1-7.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.23 2.5 47 11 7.2-7.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 3 48 14 7.2-7.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.18 2.5 49 15 7.2-7.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2.5 50 32 7.3-7.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 10 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 S. No. Tree No. Chainage Local Name Scientific Name Girth (m) Approx Height (m) 51 36 7.4-7.5 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.14 2 52 39 7.4-7.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.25 3.5 53 46 7.5-7.6 Naval Eugenia argentea 0.12 1.5 54 47 7.5-7.6 Naval Eugenia argentea 0.1 2 55 53 7.6-7.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2 56 56 7.7-7.8 Pulee Tamarindus indica 0.09 1.5 57 58 7.7-7.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.11 2 58 72 8.5-8.6 Murungai Moringa oleifera 0.25 2 59 75 8.6-8.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 2 60 76 8.6-8.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.13 2.5 61 77 8.6-8.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 2.5 62 78 8.6-8.7 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.25 2.5 63 1 9.0-9.1 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.12 2 64 10 10.2-10.3 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.13 2 65 13 10.3-10.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.18 2 66 18 10.4-10.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2.5 67 31 10.8-10.9 Naval Eugenia argentea 0.25 2 68 3 11.2-11.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 2 69 10 11.7-11.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 70 2 12.3-12.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 2 71 3 12.3-12.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.07 1.5 72 6 13.1-13.2 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.07 1.5 73 7 13.2-13.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 74 8 13.2-13.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.13 2 75 9 13.3-13.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 76 12 13.7-13.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.11 2 77 14 13.8-13.9 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.15 2 78 16 13.9-14.0 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 79 2 14.0-14.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 80 7 14.1-14.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 1.5 81 8 14.3-14.4 Vagai Albizia labbeck 0.12 2 82 13 14.4-14.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2 83 16 14.4-14.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 84 17 14.4-14.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2 85 18 14.4-14.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 86 19 14.5-14.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.09 2 87 23 14.8-14.9 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.25 2 88 5 15.3-15.4 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.25 2 89 20 15.9-16.0 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.25 2 90 14 16.2-16.3 Pulee Tamarindus indica 0.15 2 91 16 16.2-16.3 Pulee Tamarindus indica 0.15 2 92 41 16.7-16.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2 93 52 16.8-16.9 Pulee Tamarindus indica 0.25 2.5 94 4 17.2-17.3 Pulee Tamarindus indica 0.1 2 95 4 18.0-18.1 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.12 2 96 6 18.0-18.1 Aarasamaram Ficusr eligiosa 0.25 2 97 8 18.0-18.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2 98 9 18.0-18.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2 99 7 20.1-20.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2.5 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 11 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 S. No. Tree No. Chainage Local Name Scientific Name Girth (m) Approx Height (m) 100 8 20.1-20.2 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.25 2 101 27 20.8-20.9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 102 3 22.0-22.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.22 2 103 6 26.6-26.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.14 2 104 8 26.7-26.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 2 105 2 27.1-27.2 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.27 2.5 106 5 27.1-27.2 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.16 1 107 31 35.9-36.0 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.26 1 108 34 35.9-36.0 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.25 1.5 109 36 35.9-36.0 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.25 1 110 37 35.9-36.0 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.2 1.6 111 2 36.0-36.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.25 1.5 112 3 36.0-36.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 1.5 113 6 36.0-36.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1.5 114 7 36.0-36.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 1.53 115 8 36.0-36.1 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.25 1 116 31 36.4-36.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.08 1.5 117 33 36.5-36.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.29 2.2 118 34 36.5-36.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.09 2 119 43 36.6-36.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.22 1.5 120 71 36.9-37.0 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.09 1.5 121 74 36.9-37.0 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.07 1 122 6 37.0-37.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 2.2 123 51 37.8-37.9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 2 124 25 39.4-39.5 Pulee Tamarindus indica 0.29 2 125 29 39.5-39.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1 126 30 39.5-39.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 1.2 127 35 39.6-39.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.25 2 128 38 39.6-39.7 Pulee Tamarindus indica 0.09 1 129 39 39.7-39.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1.5 130 40 39.8-39.9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.29 1 131 41 39.8-39.9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.29 1 132 42 39.8-39.9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.29 1.5 133 1 40.0-40.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.25 0.5 134 2 40.0-40.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 0.5 135 3 40.0-40.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 0.3 136 6 40.0-40.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 2 137 10 40.1-40.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.25 2 138 12 40.1-40.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.25 1.5 139 17 40.2-40.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.29 1 140 21 40.3-40.4 Pulee Tamarindus indica 0.07 1 141 24 40.4-40.5 Pulee Tamarindus indica 0.29 1 142 30 40.7-40.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 0.5 143 31 40.7-40.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.05 0.5 144 33 42.9-43.0 Teak 0.2 1.5 145 37 42.9-43.0 Teak 0.25 2.5 146 6 43.1-43.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 1 147 2 44.0-44.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.22 1.5 148 118 44.9-45.0 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.25 2 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 12 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 S. No. Tree No. Chainage Local Name Scientific Name Girth (m) Approx Height (m) 149 85 45.4-45.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 150 87 45.4-45.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2.5 151 90 45.4-45.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.18 2.5 152 100 45.4-45.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 2.5 153 111 45.4-45.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 2 154 113 45.4-45.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.09 2 155 4 46.8-46.9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.25 2 156 19 46.9-47.0 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.09 2.5 157 20 46.9-47.0 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 0.5 158 12 47.1-47.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.08 1 159 30 47.3-47.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.08 0.5 160 19 48.2-48.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.18 1.5 161 23 48.3-48.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.18 1.8 162 24 48.3-48.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.25 1 163 25 48.4-48.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.28 1.5 164 29 48.5-48.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.13 1.5 165 30 48.5-48.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.09 1.5 166 35 48.6-48.7 Pulee Tamarindus indica 0.25 1.5 167 36 48.6-48.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 1.5 168 37 48.6-48.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.27 2 169 1 49.0-49.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 2 170 6 49.2-49.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2 171 9 49.3-49.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 2 172 10 49.3-49.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.09 1.5 173 11 49.3-49.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.09 1.5 174 14 49.4-49.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 2 175 16 49.4-49.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.18 2.5 176 20 49.5-49.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1.5 177 34 49.6-49.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 178 36 49.8-49.9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2.5 179 46 49.9-50 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2 180 47 49.9-50 Pulee Tamarindus indica 0.2 2 181 1 50.0-50.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.08 1.5 182 2 50.0-50.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.08 1 183 3 50.0-50.1 Pulee Tamarindus indica 0.23 1 184 4 50.0-50.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.09 2 185 5 50.0-50.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.05 1.8 186 7 50.1-50.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.05 1 187 28 52.5-52.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.08 1.5 188 29 52.6-52.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.08 1 189 29 53.5-53.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.25 1.5 190 31 53.6-53.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.18 0.5 191 32 53.6-53.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.22 1.5 192 35 53.8-53.9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1.5 193 1 57.0-57.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.08 0.5 194 25 57.4-57.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 2 195 26 57.4-57.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.23 2 196 27 57.4-57.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.23 2.5 197 28 57.4-57.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 1.5 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 13 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 S. No. Tree No. Chainage Local Name Scientific Name Girth (m) Approx Height (m) 198 9 58.1-58.2 Vagai Albizia labbeck 0.29 2.2 199 27 58.6-58.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 1.58 200 42 58.9-59.0 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1.5 201 1 59.0-59.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 2.7 202 9 59.4-59.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 1.5 203 13 59.4-59.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1 204 18 59.7-59.8 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1.5 205 23 59.9-60 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 1.5 206 4 60.6-60.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.25 2.5 207 15 60.5-60.6 arasamaram 0.25 0.7 208 5 61-61.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.29 3.5 209 6 61.4-61.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1.5 210 7 61.4-61.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1.5 211 8 61.4-61.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1 212 9 61.4-61.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 1.8 213 10 61.5-61.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1 214 13 65.1-65.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 2 215 19 65.2-65.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.25 2 216 3 67.1-67.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 1 217 4 67.1-67.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2 218 5 67.8-67.9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2 219 19 68.8-68.9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.25 1.5 220 21 68.8-68.9 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 1.7 221 23 68.9-69 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 1.5 222 1 69.0-69.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.25 1.5 223 2 71.1-71.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.21 1.5 224 21 72.3-72.4 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.29 2.5 225 22 72.3-72.4 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.29 2.5 226 23 72.3-72.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.2 2 227 72.3-72.4 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.29 1 228 24 72.3-72.4 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.25 0.5 229 25 72.4-72.5 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.29 2 230 26 72.4-72.5 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.29 2 231 28 72.4-72.5 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.15 1.5 232 32 72.5-72.6 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.2 1.5 233 37 72.5-72.6 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.25 2 234 48 72.7-72.8 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.29 1.5 235 51 72.7-72.8 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.23 2 236 52 72.7-72.8 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.23 2 237 54 72.7-72.8 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.25 1.5 238 55 72.7-72.8 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.29 1.5 239 60 72.8-72.9 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.29 1.5 240 61 72.8-72.9 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.1 0.5 241 63 72.8-72.9 Akatthi Sesbania grandiflora 0.1 1 242 64 72.8-72.9 arasamaram 0.1 0.5 243 65 72.8-72.9 Pungan Pongamia pungan 0.2 1 244 68 72.9-73 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.2 1.5 245 1 73.0-73.1 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2 246 4 73.0-73.1 Vagai Albizia labbeck 0.12 2 DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 14 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 S. No. Tree No. Chainage Local Name Scientific Name Girth (m) Approx Height (m) 247 8 73.1-73.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.11 2 248 13 73.2-73.3 Vagai Albizia labbeck 0.14 2 249 15 73.3-73.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 2 250 18 73.4-73.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 1.5 251 27 73.6-73.7 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 1.5 252 7 74.1-74.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 1.5 253 8 74.2-74.3 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.1 1.5 254 15 74.4-74.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.24 2.5 255 19 74.5-74.6 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 2.5 256 4 75.1-75.2 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.15 1.5 257 4 76.3-76.4 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.13 2 258 6 76.4-76.5 Neem Azadirachta indica 0.12 1.5 259 19 80.8-80.9 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.15 4.5 260 14 81.1-81.2 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.12 2 261 49 81.5-81.6 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.1 1.5 262 52 81.6-81.7 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.1 1.5 263 53 81.6-81.7 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.1 1.5 264 54 81.6-81.7 Manjanathi Morinda tomentosa 0.1 1.5 Source: Tree Enumeration at site Note: Above trees have been identified for transplantation along project roads. However, contractor in consultation with CSC/TNRSP can transplant trees based upon the land availability and site assessment during execution. It is preferred that trees ranging between girth size 20cm-30cm should be given preference for transplantation. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 15 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 APPENDIX 8.10: GUIDELINES FOR TRANSPLANTATION OF TREES If trees are not very old, they can be transplanted easily. The percentage of survival can be hundred percent if the work is done properly and during the rainy season. The following steps are involved: 1. The sites where the trees are to be shifted should be selected first. The sites should be free of overhead telephone or power lines. Large pits should be dug at these sites to comfortably accommodate the ‘tree roots’ ball of earth. 2. Distance between pits depends on the variety. Since less than 30 cm girth size trees are proposed to be transplanted, the distance of 3 m should be considered. 3. When pits are dug at the selected sites, their sizes would depend on the dimensions/ age of the tree. For trees of medium size the pit size will be around 8 feet in diameter and 5 feet deep. The actual pit size for different trees can be adjusted with experience. The point to be kept sight of is that ‘trees roots’ ball of earth should fit in comfortably with at least 6 to 12 inches clearance all around. Usually the pit size in feet should be directly proportional to the girth of the trees in inches. 4. Adequate quantity of soil and manure mixture @ 4:1 is necessary for each pit. A little bone meal can also be added. To start with only about 60cm soil mixture is to be filled in each pit and watered well to form a puddle before the actual transplantation. The total quantity of soil and manure required for all the pits should be mixed and arrange before the start of the actual operation. 5. Before transplantation, the trees should be ‘extensively pruned’. That is, the foliage should be completely removed and all the branches should be cut off with a pruning saw. The cut surfaces should be painted with non-synthetic white paint to anaesthetize these portions. ‘Extensive pruning ‘ helps in easier ‘replanting balance’ and handling, thereby reducing the shock effect. This also aids the plant roots in recovering and adhering to the new soil and reduces transpiration and/or loss of moisture. 6. The trees are now ready for lifting or uprooting. A deep trench of at least up to 5 feet in depth is to be dug around the base of the tree at least 2 to 3 feet away from the trunk in the case of trees with a girth of up to 60cm. The depth of the trench and its distance from the trunk would therefore vary with the size of the tree. The trench should be dug to gradually converge towards the base of the tree so that ‘tree roots’ ball of earth can ultimately be detached from the ground. 7. The trees are then to be lifted with the help of a suitable size crane. Before lifting, a piece of gunny should be wound round the trunk, with a few wooden batons secured around the gunny pack on the outside by a steel wire rope. This will facilitat e lifting without injuring the bark. Immediately the ‘trees roots’ ball should be sprayed with potassium phosphate solution and then wrapped and tied with a piece of very wet gunny. 8. Before replanting, the soil at the base of the pit should be watered heavily after which the uprooted tree along with the ‘tree roots’ ball should be lowered carefully into the new pit with the help of the crane. 9. The empty space in this pit is to be filled with the previous prepared mixture of soil, bone meal and manure and thoroughly rammed in tightly, so that no air gaps are left inside the soil. Air gaps could result in fungal infection to the roots. Sand can also be added which will fill up the air gaps when watered. 10. The trunk can now be sprayed with Blytox, a copper sulphate compound whose action is anti- fungicidal in nature. 11. The transplanted tree should be watered heavily at the base. 12. Guy ropes, angle iron or bamboos should be used for a few days to secure the tree till the soil hardens around the transplanted tree to hold it erect. 13. Four to five days after transplantation the trunk can be sprayed with potassium nitrate solution for facilitating the initiation of new shoots. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 14. If rains are inadequate watering should continue for three months. The heavily pruned transplanted tree is not a pretty sight, but this should not deter the optimist, as the chances of survival are maximum without the branches and foliage. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 APPENDIX 8.11: ARRANGEMENT FOR COMPENSATORY PLANATION REGULATORY FRAMEWORK The TNRSP will submit an application to the respective District collector for taking permission regarding tree cutting. Permission shall be granted by the District Collector FUNDING MECHANISM Funding will be done through TNRSP by World Bank SELECTION OF TREE SPECIES Trees to be selected for planting should be site-specific taking into account the type of soil, features of the planting site e.g for saline and alkaline soils and water logged area will require special attention. Browse hardiness, good growth rate, resistance to insects/pests disease and biotic interference etc. should be given appropriate weightage in selection of species. Evergreen / semi-evergreen species should be preferred to deciduous species. In urban /semi-urban stretches of road, flowering trees should be preferred to add to aesthetics of the surround. Trees having large tormentors leaves may be included in stretches where particulates are likely to be high. In the matter of selection of species for planting, stakeholders need to be consulted and their views accommodated keeping view the site-specific conditions. PLANTING PATTERN Monoculture planting should be avoided. Mixed culture of shade-giving, flowering and fruit- bearing species should be preferred. The first row may be composed of a mix of species of flowering trees; such mix may consist of trees coming into flowers in different seasons. The second row may have representation of middle-sized evergreen and fruit-bearing species. The third row wherever feasible should be of broad-leaved evergreen species; the species should be so chosen as to make sure that they grow taller than tress planted in the first and second rows. MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING Strip plantations should be properly fenced to prevent damages by biotic interference. Wherever possible live- hedges may be provided; in such stretches live-hedges need be grown a year ahead of actual planting; such hedges may be reinforced by weaving with split bamboos. It may also be explored as to whether communities along the roads can be involved in protection and maintenance of such plantations through a mechanism of sharing of usufructs. Local voluntary organizations, sports/youth clubs may also be encouraged for protection of such plantations through provision of incentives. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 APPENDIX 8.12: GUIDELINES FOR SELECTION OF TREE SPECIES Road side plantation may be of various species, some of which are not appropriate. There may be giant trees with strong stems and horizontally spreading roots or trees which branch out early and have short stems or trees without deep roots system overturn when old in rain or wind. 1. Trees to be avoided: On all account, the following trees should be avoided along the roadside: S. No. Trees Name Characteristics 1 Eucalyptus (all species) All these tree species have very weak wood and consequently break easily in windstorm. After a heavy storm, roads become blocked and traffic is stopped for a considerable length of time. During a storm, these trees are threats to vehicles plying and pedestrians on the road. Besides the eucalyptus has a few other negative environmental impacts. 2 Acacia (all species) They are thorny trees to be avoided close to urban stretches. Their thorns are nuisances for the pneumatic tyres of small vehicles. 3 Ficus bengalensis, The Ficus species are of tap root system but flowing type Ficus religiosa (average depth of root system is 1.5m). Therefore, these, when mature, may overturn in strong-wind, storm, etc. Even the existing trees may be recommended for removal from safety points of view 2. Trees to be selected: On the other hand, some trees are appropriate for highway landscaping. These include trees, which have thinner stem but dense foliage; that absorb/ retain dust and other atmospheric pollutants; those, which erosion resistant species, etc. Moreover, the species, which are native to this area, should be preferred for replanting. These trees include: S. Remarks Trees Name Characteristics No. 1 Azardiracta indica The leaves, barks are used for medicinal Recommended for nd rd (Neem) purposes, and the seeds yield valuable oil. plantation in the 2 / 3 It can grow on alkaline usar soil row 2 Tamarindus indica A beautiful tree, which stands the dust of Recommended for nd rd (Pulee) roads very well. Its fruit and timber are also plantation in the 2 / 3 valuable; suitable for dry area row 3 Mangifera indica Yield valuable fruit Recommended for nd rd (Mango) plantation in the 2 / 3 row 4 Albizia amara (Usil) Small tree with a wide, dense, round or Recommended for st umbrella-shaped canopy. Bark greyish and plantation in the 1 row creviced, twigs dark yellowish-grey, with lenticels. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Uvari Road (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankovil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 S. Remarks Trees Name Characteristics No. 5 Delonix elata Flowering species Recommended for st nd (Vatha narayanam), plantation in the 1 / 2 Delonix regia row (Konrai) 6 Morinda tomentosa Flowering species with medicinal values. Recommended for st Root, Leaves, Fruits are used plantation in the 1 row 7 Crataeva religiosa Though it is a flowering tree, fruit of the tree Recommended for st nd is edible plantation in the 1 / 2 row 3. Dust Resistance: Many of the species resists pollution. Almost all trees have capability to absorb dust. Available data (from CPCB) shows that different species have different dust collection efficiency, although dust collection depends on the total leaf area. S. Dust Collection Total leaf Area Mean Dust Species 2 2 No. Efficiency (g/m -d) (m /tree) Collection (g/tree-d) 1 Ficus bengalensis 3.59 107-125 416.44 2 Ficus religiosa 4.15 55-62 242.76 3 Magnifera indica 1.05 60-76 275.40 4 Polyalthia longifolia 4.56 8-12 45.60 5 Tectona grandis 5.35 35-38 195.26 6 Terminalia arjuna 4.49 48-52 224.50 4. Characteristics of major tree species found along project corridor S No. Species Characteristics 1 Tamarindus indica Category of wood is E. Seed yields fellose, which is used as a sizing (Pulee) agent. It is dust resistant, gas absorbent. Controls erosion, is drought resistant and supports wildlife. 2 Azadirachta indica Category of wood is E. It is dust resistant, gas absorbent. Controls (Neem) erosion, is drought resistant and supports wildlife. Seeds yield margosa oil, which has medicinal properties including being extremely effective in treatment of leprosy and skin diseases. 3 Pongamia pungan Category of wood is E. Dust resistant, gas resistant. Controls erosion. (Pungan) Drought resistant. Seeds are effective in treating bronchitis. Seeds/oil have antiseptic/antiparasitic properties. 4 Morinda tomentosa Deciduous trees, bark pale brown, thick, vertically fissured and (Manjanathi) irregularly cracked; blaze turmeric yellow. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram - Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 S No. Species Characteristics 5 Prosopis juliflora The tree has a trunk with a diameter of up to 1.2 metres (3.9 ft). Its (Neer karuvai) leaves are deciduous, bi-pinnate, light green. Flowers shortly after leaf development. A mature plant can produce hundreds of thousands of seeds. The tree reproduces by way of seeds, not vegetative. Seeds are spread by cattle and other animals that consume the seed pods and spread the seeds in their droppings. Its roots are able to grow to a great depth in search of water. This species has thorns in pairs at the nodes but thornless internodes. It may also be almost thornless. 6 Albizia lebbeck A nitrogen-fixing tree, with value for shade, quality hardwood (cabinet, (Vagai) veneer, construction), fuel-wood and charcoal, and honey (source of nectar and pollen); various parts of the tree are used in folk remedies for many ailments. It is also used as an ornamental and avenue tree, and sometimes as a shade tree in coffee and tea. 7 Thespesia populnea It is a flowering plant. It is a small tree or arborescent shrub that has a (Puvarasu) pantropical distribution, found on coasts around the world The heartwood of the Portia Tree is dark reddish brown to chocolate brown. It is used to make the thavil, a Carnatic musical instrument of South India. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 APPENDIX 8.13: GUIDELINE FOR AVENUE PLANTATION 1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 1.1 Avenue plantation is suggested all along the rural stretches of the project corridor. 1.2 The selections of species agreeing with the general landscaping of the area are suggested/ recommended in APPENDIX 8.12: GUIDELINES FOR THE SELECTION OF TREE SPECIES. 1.3 Plantation should generally be done at the time of the monsoon in the month of July. 1.4 It is felt that a weighted emphasis should be paid to protection, maintenance and safety of the planted trees. Suitable full-timers should be employed for this purpose. 1.5 The species to be planted would be to enhance the visual experience of the road corridor. One/ two / three rows of trees are recommended in accordance to the varying width available of different sections. Tree spacing should not be less than 3m (Refer Figure below.) Conceptual Plan for Avenue Plantation 1.6 The plants will be at spacing of 3 meters and size of the pits for planting will be 0.6m /0.6m dia and deep. Plantation will be done within the EROW in those stretches, where barren land is available. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 1.7 The species recommended for avenue plantation should be able to withstand extreme temperature and climate conditions and also has low requirements of water. These species have been proposed considering the climatic conditions, requirements of water and future management. However, other species may also be used, after approval from EO/Engineer. 1.8 The surface for the avenue plantation should be well prepared. The masses of loose debris and any convexities will be removed and similarly and concavities are to be filled by good soil. The surface should have sufficient layer of good quality of soil so as to have a better growth and survival of trees, grasses and saplings. 1.9 The height of the plants will not be less than 1.5m. and need to be in polythene bags until the planting. 1.10 All plants supplied must be planted within three days of removal from the nursery. 1.11 The contractor/ agency hired will be required to water the area in case of sufficient rains water after planting. 1.12 Size of the pits for planting saplings - 60x60x60 cm 1.13 Use of compost of manure - 1/3 of volume of pit mixed with soil, and refilled 1.14 The total no. tree saplings to be planted along the corridor S. No. Description No. of sapling Required Area for Landscaping (sqm) 1 Avenue Plantation 2 Realignment Sections 3 Cultural Properties 1.15 Table-1: Activities schedule for Plantation along the Road Year Month S. No. Activities to be done st 1 Year Jan to Mar 1 Surveying & Clearing of the area 2 Digging of Pits 3 Procurement of Angles Iron and Barbed wire (or other fencing material), and erecting the fence nd 2 Year April to June 1 Purchase of Farm yard manure st 2 Brick/Iron etc. guard for 1 row 3. Plantation along the road 4 Filling up of pits with Farm yard manure and soil July to August 1 Transportation of Plants 2 Planting of Sapling 3 Watering 4 Weeding and Hoeing DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Year Month S. No. Activities to be done Sept to Nov 1 Weeding of Hoeing 2 Watering 4 times a month Dec to Feb 1 Weeding of Hoeing 2 Maintenance March 1 Watering 4 times a month rd 3 Years April to June 1 Watering 6 times a month July to August 1 Casualty Replacement (20% of the total plants) 2 Weeding 3 Maintenance by Mali Sep to Nov 1 Watering 2 times a month 2 Maintenance by Mali Dec to Feb 1 Maintenance by Mali March 1 Watering 4 times a month 2 Maintenance by Mali th 4 Year April to March 1 Watering 2 Casualty Replacement (10% of the total plants) 3 Maintenance by Mali 2 PLANTATION Scope Contractor/ agency hired to furnish all materials, labor and related items necessary to complete the work indicated on drawing and specified herein. 2.1 Materials Saplings Saplings/ Seedlings shall be well-formed and free from defects such as knots, sun- scaled, windburn, injuries, abrasion or disfigurement. All saplings shall be healthy, sound, and free from plant diseases, insect’s pests, of their egg and well-developed root systems. No plant will be accepted, if branches are damaged or broken. All the plant material must be protected from the sun and weather until planted. Any nursery stock shall have been inspected and approved by the EO-TNRSP. All saplings will be delivered with legible identification labels. The root system shall be conducive to successful transplantation. While necessary, the root-ball shall be preserved by suitable material. On soils where retention of a good ball is not possible, the roots should be suitably protected in some other way, which should cause any damage to roots. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Topsoil/Good Earth Topsoil or good earth shall be a friable loam, typical of cultivated topsoil of the locality containing at least 2% of decayed organic matter (humus). Stored topsoil will be used for plantation at median and also for roadside plantation. Otherwise it could be taken from a well-drained arable site. It shall be free of subsoil, stones, earth skids, sticks, roots or any other objectionable extraneous matter or debris. It shall contain no toxic material. No topsoil shall be delivered in a muddy condition. Manure Only organic manure will be used for plantation. Composts from municipal solid wastes and distillery waste may be used. Manure shall be free from extraneous matter, harmful bacteria insects or chemicals (Subjected to safety norms). General Condition Saplings shall be substantially free from pests and diseases, and shall be materially undamaged. Torn or lacerated roots shall be pruned before dispatch. No roots shall be subjected to adverse conditions such as prolonged exposure to drying winds or subjection to water logging, between lifting and delivery. Supply and Substitution Upon submission of evidence that certain materials including plant materials are not available at time of contract, the contractor shall be permitted to substitute other and plants, with an equitable adjustment of price. All substitutions shall be of the nearest equivalent species and variety to the original specified and shall be subjected to the approval of the Landscape Architect. Packaging shall be adequate for the protection of the plants and such as to avoid heating or drying out. Each specimen of tree, or each bundle, shall be legibly labeled with the following particulars: Its name (Both common and Scientific) The name of the supplier, unless otherwise agreed. The date of dispatch from the nursery. 2.2 Planting Plants and Saplings All saplings should be supplied with adequate protection as approved. After delivery, if planting is not to be carried out immediately, balled plants should be placed and the ball covered with sand to prevent drying out. Bare rooted plants can be heeled in by placing the roots in prepared trench and covering them with earth, which should be watered into, avoid air pockets round the roots. Saplings shall be planted as suggested by Environment officer. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Digging of Pits Tree pits shall be dug a minimum of three weeks prior to backfilling. The pits shall be 60 cm in diameter and 60 cm deep. While digging the pits, the topsoil up to a depth of 30cms may be kept aside, if found good (depending upon site conditions), and mixed with the rest of the soil. If the soil is normal it shall be mixed with manure. The bottom of the pit shall be forked to break up the subsoil. Back Filling The soil back filled watered through end gently pressed down, a day previous to planting, to make sure that it may not further settle down after planting. The soil shall be pressed down firmly by treading it down, leaving a shallow depression all round for watering. Planting No pits shall be dug until final position has been pegged out for approval. Care shall be taken that the plant sapling when planted is not be buried deeper than in the nursery, or in the pot. Planting should not be carried out in waterlogged soil. Plant saplings at the original soil depth; soil marks on the stem is an indication of this and should be maintained on the finished level, allowing for setting of the soil after planting. All plastic and other imperishable containers should be removed before planting. Any broken or damage roots should be cut back to sound for healthy growth. The bottom of the planting pit should be covered with 50mm to 75mm of soil. Bare roots should be spread evenly in the planting pit; and small mound in the center of the pits on which the roots are well aid on and evenly spread. Soil should be placed around the roots, gently shaking the saplings to allow the soil particles to shift into the root system to ensure close contact with all roots and prevent air pockets. Back fill soil should be firmed as filling proceeds, layer by layer, care being taken to avoid damaging the roots. Staking Newly planted saplings must be held firmly although not rigidly by staking to prevent a pocket forming around the stem and newly formed fibrous roots being broken by mechanical pulling as the tree rocks. Methods: The main methods of staking shall be: A single vertical shake, 900mm longer than the clear stem of the saplings driven 600mm into the soil. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 5 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Two stakes as above driven firmly on either side of the saplings with a cross bar to which the stem is attached. Suitable for bare- rooted or Ball material. A single stake driven in at an angle at 45 degrees and leaning towards the prevailing wind, the stem just below the lowest branch being attached to the stake. Suitable for small bare- rooted or Ball material For plant material 3m to 4.5m high with a single stem a three- wire adjustable guy system may be used in exposed situations. The end of stake should be pointed and the lower 1m to 1.2m should be coated with a non-injurious wood preservative allowing at least 150mm above ground leveI. Tying Each sapling should be firmly secured to the stake so as to prevent excessive movement. Abrasion must be avoided by using a buffer, rubber or Hessian, between the saplings and stake. The saplings should be secured at a point just below its lowest branch, and also just above ground level; normally two ties should be used for saplings. These should be adjusted or replaced to allow for growth. Watering The Landscape Contractor should allow for the adequate watering in of all newly planted trees and saplings immediately after planting and during the growing season, keep the plant material well watered. Manure/ Fertilizer usage The fertilizers/manure usage should be such that the turn of all the fertilizers comes after, every 15 days from the beginning of the monsoon till the end of winter: Organic well-rotted dry farm yard manure: 0.05 cum or tussle. 1. Urea 25gm. 2. Ammonium sulphate 25gm. 3. Potassium sulphate 25gm. All saplings, which are supplied pot grown, shall be well soaked prior to planting. Watering in and subsequent frequent watering of summer planted container- grown plants is essential. Application of inorganic manure should as for possible be avoided. Form yard manure as bio fertilizer with for better option. 4. COMPLETION On completion, the ground shall be formed over and left tidy. Special Conditions and Particular Specifications: 1. Wherever applicable, work shall be done according to P.W.D. specifications 2. At the time of invitation of tender. 3. Water shall be made available, near the tube well at one point. Contractors shall make their own arrangement for drawing water from there. Water charges as per the value of work done shall be deducted from the contractor’s bills. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 6 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 4. If electricity is required for the works, the same shall be made available at one point within the site of works, for which recovery at the prevailing rate per unit shall be deducted from the contractors’ bill. 5. The work mentioned in the schedule of Quantities includes grassing as well as planting of trees and saplings. 'Contractors' quoted rates shall include execution of these works at different levels. No extra cost shall be paid for any item, for working at these levels. 6. The Contractor shall provide all facilities to subcontractor (plantation) / Environment Officer / or his authorized representatives to make frequent inspection of their Nursery and ascertain the process / quality of various categories of trees/plants etc., grown by them. 7. The safe custody and up-keep of various categories of plants brought to site is the sole responsibility of the contractor and he shall employ sufficient supervisory personnel to ensure the safety of these items. 8. The site of work may be handed over to the contractors for execution of work in phases, as soon as the same are available. Nothing extra shall be payable for such phased execution of work. 9. While excavating / executing the work the contractors shall ensure that existing cables / pipe lines / structures / fittings are not damaged. 10. The Contractor shall co-ordinate his work with other agencies employed by the Clients and ensures that the work of other agencies is not hampered in any way during the duration of contract. 11. The Contractor shall keep the site of works neat and clean during the execution of the work. Any debris found at or near the site of work shall be rescued immediately as and when so required by the Contractor. 12. On completion of the work, the site of work shall be thoroughly cleaned and all debris removed before the work is handed over satisfactorily. 13. The Contractors shall, without any additional charge to the clients, renew or replace any dead or defective plants/grass and shall fully maintain the whole landscape for a period of 12 months after the certified date of completion. 14. Saplings/small tree shall be of minimum length straight and symmetrical with a crown and having a persistent main stem. The size of crown shall be in good over all proportion to the height of the tree. 15. Small trees and saplings shall be well formed with the crown typical of the species or variety. 16. General Requirements of Plants: Plants shall be typical of their species and variety, well-developed branches, and well foliated with fibrous root system. Plants shall be free from defects and injuries. Plants shall not be pruned before planting. Plants shall be free from defects and injuries. Plants shall not be pruned before planting. Plants shall not be freshly dug and nursery grown. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Nursery grown plants shall have been at least once transplanted. Bark shall be free from abrasion. All trees, soon after planting, shall be properly supported with bamboo stocks to ensure their safety against winds or any other factor, which may affect it adversely. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Format for the monitoring of the tree plantation and landscaping is given below. Format EM7: Tree Plantation and Landscaping Construction Stage: Quarterly Report - Date____ Month______ Year______ All landscape works to be as per Landscape Plan Physical Target Financial Target Completion Target Target (Tree/saplings to Date of Reason % of task Total Budget % Target Completion/ be planted in Target Achieved for Delay S. No. Activity Completed (lakhs) Spent used Date Package) for this % completed if any Quarter No. of Survival unit Trees Rate (%) Tree km- 1 Plantation along roadside km Landscaping 2 of Road Nos. Junctions Plantation at 3 Incidental Nos. Spaces Plantation at Locations 4 identified for Nos. enhancement Turfing on km- 5 Embankment km Saplings on km- 6 Embankment km Certified that the above information is correct District Collector DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 9 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 APPENDIX 8.14: GUIDELINE FOR ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY The contractor shall be deemed to have acquainted himself with the requirements of all the current status, ordinances, by-laws, rules and regulations or their instruments having the force of law including without limitation those relating to protection of the environment, health and safety, importation of labour, demolition of houses, protection of environment and procurement, transportation, storage and use of explosives, etc. 1. PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT (i) The contractor will take all necessary measures and precautions and ensure that the execution of the works and all associated operations on site or offsite are carried out in conformity with statutory and regulatory environmental requirements including those prescribed in EMP. (ii) The contractor will take all measures and precautions to avoid any nuisance or disturbance to inhabitants arising from the execution of works. (iii) All liquid waste products arising on the sites will be collected and disposed of at a location on or off the sites and in a manner that will not cause either nuisance or pollution. (iv) The contractor will at all times ensure that all existing water courses and drains within and adjacent to the site are kept safe and free from any contamination. (v) The contractor will submit details of his temporary drainage work system (including all surface channels, sediment traps, washing basins and discharge pits) to the Project Implementation Unit –TNRSP / Environment Officer for approval prior to commencing work on its construction. (vi) The contractor will arrange all the equipment in good condition to minimize dust, gaseous or other air-borne emissions and carry out the works in such a manner as to minimize adverse impact on air. (vii) Any vehicle with an open load-carrying area used for transporting potentially dust- producing material will have properly fitted side and tailboards. Materials having the potential to produce dust will not be loaded to a level higher than the side and tail boards and will be covered with a clean tarpaulin in good condition. (viii) The contractor will take all necessary measures to ensure that the operation of all mechanical equipment and condition processes on and off the site will not cause any unnecessary or excessive noise, taking into account applicable environmental requirements. (ix) The contractor will take necessary measures to maintain all plant and equipment in good condition. (x) Where the execution of the works requires temporary closure of road to traffic, the contractor will provide and maintain temporary traffic diversions subject to the approval of the EO/Engineer. (xi) Where the execution of the works requires single-lane operation on public road the contractor will provide and maintain all necessary barriers, warning signs and traffic control signals to the satisfaction of the EO/Engineer. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 (xii) Wherever traffic diversions, warning signs, traffic control signals, barriers and the like are required, the contractor will install them to the satisfaction of EO/Engineer prior to commencing the work, in that area. (xiii) Contractor will install asphalt plants and other machineries away from the populated areas as per laid down regulations. (xiv) Permit for felling of trees will be obtained from the forest department before the execution of any work. (xv) Trees and plants going to be uprooted will be duly compensated and maintained up to 3 years. (xvi) Mist sprays should be provided at appropriate places for preventing dust pollution during handling and stockpiling of stones and loose earth. (xvii) Over Burden (OB) waste dumps shall be sprayed with water, as they are the major source of air borne particulate matter. (xviii) OB waste dumps shall be reclaimed / afforested to bind the loose soil and to prevent soil erosion. The frequency of sprinkling should be fixed as per the seasonal requirement and in consultation with engineer. (xix) Regular water spraying on haulage roads during transportation of construction material by water sprinklers. The frequency of sprinkling should be fixed as per the seasonal requirements in consultation with engineer. (xx) Transfer point for transporting construction material shall be provided with appropriate hoods/ chutes to prevent dust emissions. (xxi) Dumping of construction material should be from an optimum height (preferably not too high), so as to reduce the dust blow. (xxii) Innovative approaches of using improvised machinery designs, with in-built mechanism to reduce sound emission. (xxiii) Procurement of drill loaders, dumbers and other equipment with noise proof system in operator’s cabin. (xxiv) Confining the equipment with heavy noise emissions in soundproof cabins, so that noise is not transmitted to other areas. (xxv) Regular and proper maintenance of noise generating machinery including the transport vehicles to maintain noise levels. (xxvi) Provisions should be made for noise absorbing pads at foundations of vibrating equipments to reduce noise emissions. 2. QUARRY OPERATIONS The Contractor shall obtain materials from quarries only after the consent of the Forest Department or other concerned authorities and in consultation with the EO/Engineer. The quarry operations shall be undertaken within the purview of the rules and regulations in force and instructions as mentioned in Appendix 8.2: Guidelines for Quarry Management and Appendix 8.3: Guidelines for Borrow Area Management. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 3. PREVENTION OF WATER COURSES FROM SOIL EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION SILTATION The Contractor shall apply following mitigation measures to prevent sedimentation and pollution of watercourses. To prevent increased siltation, if need be existing bridges maybe widened downstream side of the water body; Cement and coal ash should be stacked together, fenced by bricks or earth wall, and kept away from water, to prevent leachate formation and contamination of surface and ground water; If need be, slope of the embankments leading to water bodies should be modified and rechannelised to prevent entry of contaminants into the water body; During construction silt fencing (consists of geo-textile with extremely small size supported by wire-mish mounted on a panel made up of angle frame) could be used along the road at all canals and rivers to prevent sediments from the construction site to enter into the watercourses. 4. POLLUTION FROM HOT-MIX PLANTS AND BATCHING PLANTS Bituminous hot-mix plants and concrete batching plants shall be located sufficiently away from habitation, agricultural operations. The Contractor shall take every precaution to reduce the levels of noise, vibration, dust and emissions from his plants and shall be fully responsible for any claims for damages caused to the owners of property, fields and residents in the vicinity. 5. ARRANGEMENT FOR TRAFFIC DURING CONSTRUCTION The Contractor shall at all times carry out work on the road in a manner creating least interference to the flow of traffic with the satisfactory execution. For all works involving improvements to the existing state highway, the Contractor shall, in accordance with the directives of the SE, provide and maintain, during execution of the work, a passage for traffic either along a part of the existing carriageway under improvement, or along a temporary diversion constructed close to the state highway. The Contractor shall take prior approval of the SE regarding traffic arrangements during construction. 6. TRAFFIC SAFETY AND CONTROL (i) Where subject to the approval of the Engineer the execution of the works requires temporary closure of road to traffic use, the Contractor shall provide and maintain temporary traffic diversions. The diversion shall generally consist of 200 mm thickness of gravel 4.5 meters wide laid directly upon natural ground and where any additional earthworks are required for this purpose that will be provided under the appropriate payment items. (ii) Where the execution of the works requires single-lane operation on public road, the Contractor shall provide and maintain all necessary barriers, warning signs and traffic control signals to the approval of the Engineer. (iii) With the exception of temporary traffic arrangements or diversions required within the first 4 weeks of the Contract, the Contractor shall submit details of his proposals to the Engineer for approval not less than 4 weeks prior to the temporary arrangement or diversion being required. Details of temporary arrangements or diversions for approval as soon as possible after the date of the Letter of Acceptance. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 (iv) The color, configuration, size and location of all traffic signs shall be in accordance with the code of practice for road sign. In the absence of any detail or for any missing details, the signs shall be provided as directed by the Supervising Engineer (SE). (v) The Contractor shall take all necessary measures for the safety of traffic during construction and provide, erect and maintain such barricades, including signs, marking, flags, lights and flagmen as may be required by the Engineer for the information and protection of traffic approaching or passing through the section of the road under improvement. Before taking up any construction, an agreed phased programme for the diversion of traffic or closer of traffic on the road shall be drawn up in consultation with the SE. (vi) At the points where traffic is to deviate from its normal path (whether on temporary diversion or part width of the carriageway) the lane width path for traffic shall be clearly marked with the aid of pavement markings, painted drums or a similar device to the directions of the SE. At night, the passage shall be delineated with lanterns or other suitable light source. (vii) One-way traffic operation shall be established whenever the traffic is to be passed over part of the carriageway inadequate for two-lane traffic. This shall be done with the help of temporary traffic signals or flagmen kept positioned on opposite sides during all hours. For regulation of traffic, the flagmen shall be equipped with red and green flags and lanterns / lights. (viii) On both sides, suitable regulatory / warnings signs as approved by the PIU-TNRSP shall be installed for the guidance of road users. On each approach, at least two signs shall be put up, one close to the point where transition of carriageway begins and the other 120 m away. The signs shall be of design and of reflector type, if so directed by the Engineer. (ix) Upon completion of the works for which the temporary traffic arrangements or diversions have been made, the Contractor shall remove all temporary installations and signs and reinstate all affected roads and other structures or installations to the conditions that existed before the work started, as directed by the Engineer. 7. HEALTH AND SAFETY The contractor shall take all measures and precautions necessary to ensure the health, safety and welfare of all persons entitled to be on the site. Such precautions shall include those that, in the opinion of the Engineer, are reasonable to prevent unauthorized entry upon the site and to protect members of the public from any activities under the control of the contractor. The contractor’s responsibilities shall include but not be limited to: (i) The provision and maintenance of the Contractor’s Equipment in a safe working condition and the adoption of methods of work that are safe and without risks to the health of any person entitled to be on the site. (ii) The execution of suitable arrangements for ensuring safety and absence of risks to health in connection with the use, handling, storage, transport and disposal of articles and substances, (iii) The provision of lighting, including standby facilities in the event of failure that, in the opinion of the Engineer, is adequate to ensure the safe execution of any works that are to be carried out at right. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 (iv) The provision of protective clothing and safety equipment, with such personnel and equipment and such information, instruction, training and supervision as are necessary to ensure the health and safety at work of all persons employed on or entering on the site in connection with the works, including the Engineer’s supervisory staff, all in accordance with the laws. (v) Near towns, villages and all frequented places, trenches and foundation pits shall be securely fenced provided with proper caution signs and marked with lights at night to avoid accidents. Contractor shall take adequate protective measures to see that the excavation operations do not affect or damage adjoining structures. (vi) The contractor shall not use or generate any materials in the works, which are hazardous to the health of persons, animals or vegetation. Where it is necessary to use some substances, which can cause injury to the health of workers, the Contractor shall provide protective clothing or appliances to his workers. (vii) The contractor will take all measures necessary to safeguard the health; safety and welfare of all persons entitled to be on site and will ensure that works are carried out in a safe and efficient manner. (viii) The contractor will provide, and ensure the utilization of appropriate safety equipment for all workmen and staff employed directly or indirectly by the contractor. Such safety equipment will include but not be limited to the safety helmets, goggles and other eye protectors, hearing protectors, safety harnesses, safety equipment for working over water, rescue equipment, fire extinguishers and first-aid equipment. The personnel working at vulnerable locations at site will wear safety helmets and strong footwear. (ix) The contractor will provide an adequate number of latrines and other sanitary arrangements at areas of the site where work is in progress and ensure that they are regularly cleaned and maintained in a hygienic condition. 8. FIRST AID (i) The provision and maintenance of suitably equipped and staffed first aid stations throughout the extent of the works to the satisfaction of the Engineer. The contractor shall allow in his prices and the responsible for the costs of all such site welfare arrangements and requirements. (ii) Injuries might occur during the construction period. It is therefore pertinent to provide first aid facilities for all the construction workers. At construction camps and at all workplaces first aid equipment and nursing staff must be provided. Since many of the workplaces may be far away from regular hospitals, an indoor health unit having one bed facility every 150 workers needs to be provided. (iii) Adequate transport facilities for moving the injured persons to the nearest hospital must also be provided in ready to move condition. (iv)The first-aid units apart from an adequate supply of sterilized dressing material should contain other necessary appliances as per the factory rules. 9. MAINTENANCE (i) All buildings, rooms and equipment and the grounds surrounding them shall be maintained in a clean and operable condition and be protected from rubbish accumulation. (ii) Each structure made available for occupancy shall be of sound construction, shall assure adequate protection against weather, and shall include essential facilities to DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 5 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 permit maintenance in a clean and operable condition. Comfort and safety of occupants shall be provided for by adequate heating, lighting, ventilation or insulation when necessary to reduce excessive heat. (iii) Each structure made available for occupancy shall comply with the requirements of the Uniform Building Code. This shall not apply to tent camps. 10. MAINTENANCE OF DIVERSIONS AND TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICES Signs, lights, barriers and other traffic control devices, as well as the riding surface of diversion shall be maintained in a satisfactory condition till such time they are required as directed by the EO/Engineer. The temporary traveled way shall be kept free of dust by frequent applications of water, if necessary. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 6 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 APPENDIX 8.15: WORKERS SAFETY DURING CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES SAFE LAYOUT IN THE CONSTRUCTION PLANT, CAMP AND QUARRY AREAS 1. Arrange border to perimeter fencing 2. Ensure good visibility and safe access at site entrances 3. Provide adequate warning signs at the entrance and exit where necessary 4. Provide adequate space/area for loading and unloading, storage of materials, plant and machinery 5. Display emergency procedure and statutory notices at conspicuous location 6. Consider welfare facilities required 7. Provide areas for dumping garbage and other waste materials, and also arrange for their regular clearance. 8. Arrange storage, transport and use of fuel, other flammable materials and explosives in line with the license requirements to be obtained from appropriate authorities 9. Plan emergency assembly points, fire escape routes and locate fire-fighting equipment 10. Provide access roads and plant movement areas within the site. 11. Ensure the availability of first aid facilities and display notices at the various works to show the location of these facilities 12. Provide proper drainage and sewage & drainage facilities HOUSE KEEPING PRACTICES 1. Maintain washrooms and canteens clean 2. Keep all walkways clear and unobstructed at all times 3. Ensure that spillages of oil and greasy 4. Stack raw materials and finished products clear of walkways or inside roads 5. Do not leave tools on the floor or in any location where they can be easily dislodged 6. Keep windows and light fitting clean 7. Maintain the workplace floors dry and in a non-slippery condition 8. Provide and maintain proper drainage system to prevent water ponding 9. Use metal bins for oily and greasy rags and store all flammable materials in appropriate bins, racks or cabinets. Ensure that the meal bins for storing oily and grease rags should be covered with lids. 10. Ensure that protruding nails in boards or walls are moved or bent over so that they do not constitute a hazard to people 11. Make sure that hazardous/dangerous chemicals are kept in the goods stores with the appropriate labeling, display of the material-safety-data-sheet (MSDS) and other precautionary measures 12. Display ‘no smoking’ signs in areas with high fire risks, e.g. paint stores, wood working area and others TREE FELLING 1. Use hard hats during tree felling 2. Ensure tools such as the axes are in good condition 3. Determine proper foot and body position when using the axe. Do not cut above your head DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 4. Wear appropriate foot protection 5. Carry a first aid kit to the site 6. Determine possible hazards in the area, e.g. electrical or telephone or other utility lines 7. Prior to felling, determine the safest direction for the fall 8. Determine the proper hinge size before directing the tree fall. NOISE HAZARDS AND ITS CONTROL 1. Note that indications of noise levels are: You have to shout to be heard; Your hearing is dulled just after work; You get head noises or ringing in the ears after work; You have difficulty hearing people while others are talking 2. Use sound level meters to measure. If the sound level exceeds 85 dB(A), then preventive measures should be taken 3. Make personnel aware of noisy areas by using suitable warning signs and insisting that ear protectors should necessarily be worn. 4. Reduce noise at source by improved maintenance, replacing noisy machines, screening with noise absorbing material, making changes to the process/equipment, controlling machine speeds, ensuring that two noise-generating machines are not running at the same time, using cutting oils and hydraulic breakers. 5. Appoint a competent person to carryout a detailed noise assessment of the site, designate ear protection zone, and give instructions on the necessary precautionary measures to be observed by site personnel, including the use of suitable type of ear protections. 6. Wear and maintain ear muffs and ear plugs as required 7. In construction or repair work, noise should be kept to a low-level bearing in mind the disturbance to local residents. ROAD WORKS 1. Children will not be employed in any manner that is economically exploitative, or is likely to be hazardous or to interfere with the child’s education, or to be harmful to the child’s health or physical, mental, spiritual, moral, or social development. Children under the age of 18 will not be employed in hazardous work. All work of persons under the age of 18 will be subject to an appropriate risk assessment and regular monitoring of health, working conditions, and hours of work. 2. The use of signage is most important to caution the road users of possible unsafe conditions due to the road works. 3. Use the appropriate signage devices as required by the site conditions/situation. The devices include regulatory signs, delineators, barricades, cones, pavement markings, lanterns and traffic control lights. 4. In using signs, make sure that they are (i) simple, easy-to-understand and convey only one message, (ii) luminescent and with reflective properties, and (iii) broad, prominent and of appropriate size. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 5. In using barricades, make sure that you keep traffic away from work areas and you guide the drivers to keep along a safe, alternative path. 6. Ensure that proper personal protective equipment (PPE) is provided to all the workers. 7. Cover existing road signs and install new ones at appropriate locations taking into account the distances that would be required and reaction times. 8. Plan layout and traffic management so that hazard is not created. 9. Deploy flagmen, who control traffic at the work areas. The flag should be 600mm x 600mm fastened to a 1m length staff. 10. Flagmen should wear reflective safety vests along with hard hats 11. If required, use wireless devices for flagmen to co-ordinate from either ends of the road, where works are being carried out. ELECTRICAL HAZARDS IN CONSTRUCTION AREAS 1. Treat all wires as live wires 2. Never touch dangling wires, but report them to your manager 3. Unless you are a qualified electrician, do not attempt electrical repairs 4. Never use electrical equipment if you hands are wet or you are standing in water 5. If electrical equipment is sparking or smoking, turn the power off and report the condition to your supervisor 6. Never use electrical wires that have physical damage 7. Never allow equipment or traffic to run over electrical wires. USE AND STORAGE OF GAS/LPG 1. Store filled gas/LPG cylinder in the open area, i.e. outside of the building 2. Transport, store, use and secure cylinders in upright position 3. Ensure proper ventilation at the ground level in locations where gas/LPG is in use 4. Avoid physical damage to the cylinders 5. Never weld or cut on or near the cylinders 6. Store empty cylinders secured and upright 7. Make sure that the cylinder is closed immediately after use 8. Investigate immediately if there is the smell of LPG or gas 9. Never use destenched gas/LPG on site. 10. Make sure that there is no other unrelated fire in the vicinity of the cylinder OPERATION OF EXCAVATORS 1. Ensure that excavators are operated by authorized persons who have been adequately trained. 2. Prevent unauthorized movement or use of the excavators 3. Check regularly and maintain the machine thoroughly 4. Ensure that all relevant information, including those related to instruction, training, supervision and safe system of work are provided to the operators. 5. Ensure that the operation and maintenance manuals, manufacturer’s specifications, inspection and maintenance log books are provided for the use of the mechanics, service DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 engineers or other safety personnel during periodic maintenance, inspection and examination. 6. During tipping or running alongside the trenches, excavators must be provided with stop blocks. 7. Excavators must be rested on firm ground during operation 8. Avoid operating the machine too close to an overhang, deep ditch or hope and be alter to potential carving edges, falling rocks and slides, rough terrain and obstacles. 9. Locate and identify underground services by checking with all utility companies before excavations. 10. Ensure that all excavations are supervised by experienced and competent persons. 11. When reversing or in caste the operator’s view is restricted, adequate supervision and signaling should be provided. 12. Ensure that the type and capacity of the excavator are properly chosen for the intended purposes and site conditions. Never use a machine for any purposes other than it is designed for. 13. Check and report for excessive wear and any breakage of the bucket, blade, edge, tooth and other working tools of the excavator. 14. Check that all linkages/hinges are properly lubricated and ensure that the linkage pins are secured. Never use improper linkage pins. 15. Never dismount or mount a moving machine 16. Work only with adequate ventilation and lighting 17. Ensure that the protective front screen of the driving cabin is fixed in position during excavations to avoid eye injury to the operator. 18. Ensure switch-off of the unattended vehicle. OPERATION OF TRUCKS AND DUMPERS 1. Ensure that only trained, authorized and licensed drivers operate the vehicles 2. Enlist the help of another worker before reversing the vehicle 3. Switch-off the engine of an unattended vehicle 4. Lower the tipping bodies when the machine is unattended, but if it is necessary to leave them in the raised position they should be blocked to prevent their fall. 5. Wear safety boots or shoes to avoid injuries during loading and unloading. 6. Carryout periodic servicing to the manufacturer’s requirements. All records of maintenance and repairs should be in writing or kept on site. 7. Keep the vehicle tidy and the cabin free from tools and material, which might obstruct the controls. 8. Keep to speed limits. 9. No passenger should be carried on a dumper except the driver 10. Never drive the vehicle across a slope 11. Provide stop blocks when the vehicle is tipping into or running alongside excavations 12. Do not overload the vehicle. 13. Carry only well secured loads 14. Park only on level ground, in neutral with the parking brake applied 15. Never mount of dismount from a moving vehicle DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 GAS WELDING 1. Use the following personal protective equipment during welding Face or hand shield fitted with filters Goggles, particularly when chipping slag Gloves long enough to protect wrists and forearms against heats, sparks, molten metal and radiation High-top boots to prevent sparks from entering footwear. 2. Screen of the work area with sturdy opaque or translucent materials because glare can cause eye injury. 3. Key for opening the acetylene cylinder valve must be one the valve stem while the cylinder is in use so that the cylinder valve may be immediately shut-off in an emergency. 4. Ventilate the workplace using air blowers and exhaust fans to remove poisonous fumes and gases that are given off during welding 5. Take precautions against flying sparks and hot slag where welding is being done near flammable materials and check the area before leaving. 6. Do not weld material degreased with solvents until completely dry. 7. Do not use gas cylinders for supporting work or as rollers 8. Do not use oil grease on oxygen cylinder fittings 9. Do not use cylinders with damaged valves. 10. Do not use too much force if valves are stuck. 11. Replace valve caps after use 12. Search for leaks in equipment by using a solution of soapy water. 13. Shut the cylinder valve if acetylene from a cylinder catches fire at the valve or regulator due to leakage at a connection. 14. Treat all gas cylinders as “full” unless you are sure otherwise. 15. Never attempt to transfer acetylene from one cylinder to another or attempt to refill an acetylene cylinder. 16. Place portable fire extinguishers near the welding area 17. Secure all cylinders against accidental displacement. 18. Always lift gas cylinders. Do not slide them along the ground or drop them from trucks. 19. Keep gas cylinders in vertical position both in storage and when in use 20. Keep the work place dry, secure, free from combustible materials and obstruction. 21. Store the acetylene and oxygen cylinders separately, and in a proper store. 22. Keep the gas cylinders from source of heat, flammable materials, corrosive chemicals and fumes. MANUAL HANDLING AND LIFTING 1. Use mechanical equipment in lace of manual handling as far as possible. 2. Assess the manpower required to handle or life the load safety and arrange the manpower accordingly. 3. In handling hazardous materials, the workers shall be informed of the hazards and safety precautions. 4. All relevant persons shall be trained in the proper methods of lifting and carrying. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 5 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 5. Where team work is required, select the persons whose ages and physical builds are compatible for teaming up. Coordinate the actions of the team members by giving necessary instructions. 6. Always lighten or suitably shape the load for manual handling as far as possible Keep a look out for splinters, sharp edges, loose banding and nails. 7. Clear path or obstruction and tripping hazards. 8. Stack and secure goods safety on trucks, otherwise they fall off and injure passers-by. 9. Use personal protective equipment such as gloves, safety shoes, etc. 10. Adopt the following procedure when you lift a load: 11. Stand close to the object. Have a firm footing with feet spread on either side of the road. 12. Bend the knees and keep your back as straight as you can 13. Grasp object firmly. Be sure grip will not slip 14. Breathe in and throw the shoulder back wards. 15. Straighten the legs, continuing to keep the back as straight as you can. 16. Hold object firmly close to the body 17. Always lift smoothly. Avoid jerky motions. Turn with feet instead of twisting the back. HANDLING CHEMICALS AND HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES 1. Always substitute hazardous chemicals with harmless or less hazardous ones wherever possible. 2. Enclose the process using chemicals or provide other engineering controls such as local exhaust ventilation, a fume cupboard or a safety cabinet. 3. Exercise great care in the storage and use of chemicals because they may be explosive, poisonous, corrosive or combustible. 4. Separate different chemicals physically 5. Store chemicals classified as dangerous goods in a properly constructed and approved goods store. Keep proper records of all chemicals and hazardous substances delivered, stored and used on site. 6. Consider unknown substances and liquids as dangerous until proven otherwise. 7. All containers should be clearly labeled to indicate contents. Never use a wrongly labeled container for chemicals. 8. Prohibit smoking in the vicinity of dangerous chemicals 9. Ensure that you are wearing the correct personal protective equipment before you handle chemicals 10. Maintain the Material Safety Data Sheet of all chemicals for reference on safety precautions to be taken and the use of suitable PPE. 11. When opening containers, hold a rag over the cap or lid, as some volatile liquids tend to spurt up when released. 12. Wash before you eat and do not eat at the work place. 13. If the skin is splashed with a chemical, rinse it immediately with plenty of clean water. Eye should be flushed thoroughly with water followed by immediate medical attention. 14. Eye fountain, emergency shower and breathing apparatus should be available in the vicinity of the workplace. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 6 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 15. Safety instructions for handling emergency situations should be displayed prominently at both the storage and use locations. FIRST AID 1. Provide first aid boxes at every site 2. Ensure that training on the use of the first aid box is provided to a handful of staff working in the site. 3. Display the list of persons who are trained on providing first aid. 4. Ensure that every first aid box is marked plainly “First Aid” in English and local language. 5. The responsible person or first aider should replenish the contents of the first aid box as necessary. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT General 1. Consider the provision of personal protective equipment only after all measures for removing or controlling safety hazards have been provided reasonably impractical. 2. Ensure that sufficient personal protective equipment is provided and that they are readily available for every person who may need to use them. 3. The management should ensure that all persons make full and proper use of the personal protective equipment provided. 4. Provide instruction and training in the proper use and care of any specific protective equipment where necessary 5. Do not willfully misuse, interfere with or ill-treat any protective clothing and equipment provided. 6. Ensure that the personal protective equipment are in good condition. Report immediately any damage to the management for replacement. Always keep the personal protective equipment as clean as possible. Eye protection 1. Issue eye protection equipment where there is a foreseeable risk of eye injury 2. Ensure an adequate supply of goggles/shields is available. 3. Keep the goggles clean and make sure they are good fit. 4. Do not watch welding operations unless your eyes are protected from the damaging effect of flash. Head Protection 1. No person shall enter a construction site unless he is wearing a suitable safety helmet 2. Wear a safety helmet: When there is the risk of being hit by falling objects While on or near a construction site During adverse weather conditions When in any area designated as a “hard hat” area. 3. Provide identification labels to all helmets in some way to prevent random exchange among wearers, with one helmet exclusive to each person. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 7 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 4. Inspect helmets for cracks of sign of impact or rough treatment before each usage. Destroy, remove and replace all worn, defective or damaged helmets. Hearing Protection 1. Provide ear plugs or ear muffs as required. Use re-usable ear plugs when the reduction required (15-25 dBA) is not excessive. Use ear muffs where a large attenuation of upto 40 dBA is demanded. 2. Do not use dry cotton wool for hearing protection because it cannot provide any. 3. Provide disposable ear plugs for infrequent visitors and ensure that they are never re-used. 4. Provide re-usable ear plugs for those who need to work continuously for a long period in a high noise area. 5. Use ear muffs with replaceable ear cushions because they deteriorate with age or may be damaged in use. 6. Avoid wearing spectacles with ear muffs. 7. Use soap and water or the recommended solvent for cleaning ear muffs. 8. Provide ear muffs for those who may need to get in and out of a high noise area frequently. RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT 1. Wear suitable respirable for protection when there is a potential for small particles entering the lungs, e.g. emptying of cement bags. 2. Ensure that he explanatory can provide adequate protection. 3. Provide training to all persons using the respirators for their correct fitting, use, limitations and symptoms of exposure. 4. Clean and inspect all respirators before and after use. 5. Store respirators properly when not in use. Safety Footwear 1. Wear suitable footwear for work 2. Use safety footwear on site or in other dangerous areas 3. Wear suitable safety shoes or ankle boots when working anywhere where there is high risk of foot injuries from slippery or uneven ground, sharp objects, falling objects, etc. 4. All safety footwear, including safety shoes, ankle boots and rubber boots, should be fitted with steel toecaps. 5. Avoid wearing flip flops, high heeled shoes, slippers, light sport shoes in situations where there is a risk of foot injury. 6. Keep shoe lace knots tight. Hand Protection 1. Wear suitable gloves for selected activities such as welding & cutting and manual handling of materials & equipment. 2. Do not wear gloves where there is a risk of them becoming entangled in moving parts of machinery 3. wash hands properly with disinfectant soap and clean water before drinking, eating or smoking. Wash hands immediately after each operation on site when the situation warrants. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 8 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 FIRE PREVENTION, FIGHTING AND EQUIPMENT Before fire breaks cut 1. Store flammable material in proper areas having adequate fire protection systems. 2. Display sufficient warning signs. 3. Train selected personnel to use these fire extinguishers 4. Inspect fire extinguishers regularly and replace as necessary 5. Fire escape route should be kept clear at all times and clearly indicated. 6. Know the escape route and assembly point. 7. Display escape route maps prominently on each floor 8. Carryout fire drill regularly. Designate fire officers 9. Install fire alarm wherever required and test regularly. 10. Provide sufficient exit signs at prominent locations for directing people to the escape staircases and routes. When fire breaks out 1. Alert all persons 2. Put off the fire with appropriate fire extinguishers only when you are sure that you are safe to do so. 3. Escape if you are in danger through the fire escape route to assembly point 4. Fire officers to carryout head count at the assembly point. Incident and accident investigations 1. Carryout the investigation as quickly as possible. 2. Conduct interviews with as many witnesses as necessary 3. Do not rely on any one sole source of evidence 4. Use the following tools: Checklists for obtaining basic and typical information for accidents Notebook Tape records Camera Measuring tape Special equipment for the particular investigation 5. Obtain answers to the following questions: When did the accident occur? Where did it occur? Who was injured and what was damaged? What caused the accident? Why did it occur? How could it have been prevented? How can a recurrence be prevented? 6. Prepare a short but sufficient investigation report that contains the following: A summary of what had happened A summary of events prior to the accident DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 9 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Information gathered during the investigation Details of witnesses Information on injury or loss sustained Conclusions and possible causes of the accident Recommendations to prevent recurrence Supporting materials (photos, diagrams, etc.) WORKERS SAFETY DURING CONSTRUCTION Sl Stage and Nature of Construction Safety measures expected to be taken by the No. Hazard Contractors and Site Engineers 1 Excavation in soft loose & slushy soil The Excavation beyond 1.5 m to 2.00 m to be done in above 2.00 m depth sliding of earth or steps of minimum 500 mm offsets as shown in Clause collapsing of sides. 2.18.2(b) and also planking and strutting should be done as in Clause 2.19.1. 2 Excavation in slippery area (water Try to dewater the area and spread minimum 150 mm logged) – The labour may fall or thick sand layer to avoid slipping machinery on site may slip. 3 Excavation in Rock where chiseling is For hammer work, only experienced and skilled labour involved – The fall of hammer may should be employed. Chisel should not be allowed to injure the hand, small rock pieces may be held by hand, while hammering but chisel holding injure the eyes and legs. clamp should be provided. The labour should be provided with goggles and leg cover to protect eyes and legs, from injuries due to small rock pieces. 4 Excavation in Rock where blasting is The work of blasting should be entrusted to only involved - Careless handling may lead experienced persons. Provide sufficient length of fuse to injury to main worker or a passer by. to give ample margin of time from the time of lighting to the time of explosion. A danger zone at least 180m diameter is to be flagged off 10 minutes before actual firing. All workmen should be sent away from danger zone except the firing man, who should be provided with a whistle. 5 Excavation for drain across road or The area should be well barricaded & a red lamp manhole adjacent to a road – chances provided at night. A watchman should be deputed to of a passer by falling into the excavated prevent any movement of persons, or vehicles. portion 6 During Excavation or some times even In places where the movement of snakes are more the while concreting – Snake bites or contractor should provide the labour with gum boots, Scorpion stings – gloves etc. and also make snake antidotes available on site. A particular care that has to be taken on such site is to always keep a vehicle available on site to rush the patient to a doctor. This applies to snake stinged patients as well. 7 Centring (form-work) and scaffolding – Many a times ballies joined together give way due to Form-work collapse while concreting or weak joint. Hence the use of joined ballies should be just before concreting especially when restricted. Only 2 joined ballies out of 8 ballies should wooden ballies are used. be allowed. In case of double staging for a Slab at a height, utmost care should be taken to see that the top balli rests on the bottom balli. A particular care that should be taken during each concreting operating of slabs and beams is that, one carpenter and two DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 10 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Sl Stage and Nature of Construction Safety measures expected to be taken by the No. Hazard Contractors and Site Engineers helpers with spare ballies, nails etc. should be deputed below the slab/beam that is being concreted to watch any disturbance in the supports of the form-work below during concreting and in case of any doubt the concreting should be stopped immediately and the form work strengthened. Never allow bricks below a balli to make up the required height. This is most dangerous. 8 Form-work for beams and slabs: The This case is noticed when slender ballies are used bottom of beam collapses and many a without bracing. In fact, no concreting should be times brings down the slab as well, allowed without bracing at 300 mm above ground, and injuring the labour and supervision staff. at mid way, in normal beams & slabs. The bracings should be for the support of beams as well as slabs. 9 Form-work for sides of a slab–The This is noticed when the carpenter fixes the side labour just rests his foot on the plank shuttering of a slab with a plank just tied by binding and looses balance and falls resulting a wire to the steel reinforcements and by wooden pieces fatal accident. nailed in wall and plank. This is so weak a portion that with little pressure the plank gives way. Hence side shuttering should be done with a direct balli support from ground or floor, and the practice of tying planks with binding wire to the steel reinforcement should be totally avoided. A temporary railing along the periphery of slab will guard the life of labour and supervision staff. 10 Form-work for beams and slabs– In fact, this is a most dangerous work. One should be Opening the form- work–Accident due very careful while form-work is removed. Only trained to fall of materials during removing the carpenters should be deputed for the work. A safe forms. resting place outside the area of slab as a temporary measure should be constructed from where the Slab can be removed safely. Removal of form-work during night should not be permitted under any circumstances. 11 Scaffolding–Fall of work-man, This is a very common negligence on the part of labour Supervision Staff, Standing on Chalis who do scaffolding work. The Chalis on which they not tied properly or tied only at one end. work either span over it's complete length or is tied (Chalis mainly made of Bamboos). loosely and many a times at one end only. Hence, care must be taken that the Chali do not span over the full length but some middle support should be provided and also the same is tied properly on both ends. 12 Ladders–Balli or bamboo ladders – The The ladders should be strong enough to bear the horizontal member breaks and the weight of a labour with materials on head. As far as person falls. Some times the top face possible a hand rail should be provided at one end. just rests on wall and the whole ladder The horizontal member should be preferably fixed with. tilts causing an accident. bolt & nuts or strong nails. When the ladder is placed across a wall the top portion should be tied firmly to a strong support so that the ladder does not move laterally. 13 Column Reinforcements–Column The tendency of bar-benders is to tie the vertical steel reinforcements mainly in independent with coir rope or 8 mm steel rods as ties on all four footings collapses – Injury to persons sides of the column reinforcement. This method of DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 11 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Sl Stage and Nature of Construction Safety measures expected to be taken by the No. Hazard Contractors and Site Engineers working nearby. supporting the column reinforcements results in a weak support. Hence, the column reinforcements should be supported by strong ballies on all four sides of reinforcements and as far as possible a combined platform should be constructed out of ballies over which the reinforcements can be supported. 14 Concreting chajjas – When chajjas are While concreting chajjas care must be taken that the concreted with out care and on opening labour do not stand on the reinforcement and disturb the form-work the chajja would the position. Separate scaffolding must be tied over collapse, causing injury to labour on top which the labour can stand and work without disturbing or bottom of chajja. the reinforcements. The main reason is in chajja the steel is placed on top face but if the labour stands on the steel, it will bend and come to bottom face and hence the chajja will fall when form-work is removed, thus, causing injury to labour working on top, or bottom. 15 Dismantling–Dismantled materials may When work of demolition is to be taken up the area fall on passer by or the person engaged should be closed for all outsiders. No one should be in dismantling work may fall due to allowed up to 50 m. from the place of demolition. The slipping. The dismantled materials may workers engaged in demolition should be asked to fall on persons working below. wear safety belts. Helmets must be worn by all the workers engaged in dismantling work. The place should be strictly guarded at night with red lights at prominent places, and watchman should be posted. 16 Electric-Connections/Cables etc. –High The work in such places, should not be allowed to the tension/L.T. Electric wire passing near workers themselves, but in such position the work the slab structure- while bending, lifting must be executed under the strict supervision of a or tying reinforcements the bar benders responsible Foreman or a Supervisor. may sustain the Electric Shock, causing fatal injury. 17 Electric Connections/Cables etc. – Before taking up the work all available drawings should Cables below ground may get be studied, local enquiry to be made to know the punctured during excavation & thus position of cables and work in such area should be got electrocute the labour working. Similarly executed under strict supervision of an experienced when concreting is in progress the Foreman or a Supervisor. punctured cable may prone to be fatal to the labour. 18 Electric Connections/Cables etc. – The Electric wires should be maintained by an Temporary Electric lines near damp electrician who should regularly check up the insulation walls, near joinery stretched on a of wires especially placed near steel items & damp considerable length – There is every areas. chance that the wire may get cut due to The temporary wiring should be supported properly. usage and may develop short circuits/leakages etc. and may As far as possible a good quality wire should be used electrocute the person touching the which may not get damaged easily? wire accidentally. 19 Electric and gas welding work – Drilling, All wiring works to be inspected by experienced polishing work – Done by temporary electrician. All wires to be properly insulated and fixed cables used on a number of works – at height on temporary poles. No welding work should Due to the fact that the wires are old & be permitted near damp area. The welders to be when they come in contact with water provided with welder's goggles & gloves. As far as DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 12 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Sl Stage and Nature of Construction Safety measures expected to be taken by the No. Hazard Contractors and Site Engineers even in the process of curing the possible machine in good condition should be used. surrounding area may get affected due to leakage in the electric current thus causing damage to the workers & supervision staff. 20 Construction Machinery & Lifts – The Mixers with hopper should be operated by an Concrete Mixers – Safety precautions. experienced mixer operator and such mixers should A mixer with hopper tried to be not be allowed to be handled by a helper or a labour. operated by an helper could not release brake in time thus causing injury to the person near hopper- some times fatal one. 21 Construction Machinery & Lifts - Lifts - (1) A brick protection wall of minimum 1.00 m height Safety precautions. should be constructed around the Lift Pit, thus, preventing the children going near the pit. A special (1) The lift pit if left unguarded the care should be taken to see that the children are not children of workers may fall in the pit allowed to come near the machinery. resulting in fatal accident (2) The manually operated brakes of (2) The condition of the lift must be maintained the lift failed or the communication properly. The lift operator should be well trained. The between the labour at the top and the labour receiving the bucket at top should be smart and liftman failed and thus, the lift was not active enough to convey the message of stopping & controlled and resulted in fatal releasing the lift-to-lift operator properly. accident. 22 Water Storage Tank for general use & The water tanks constructed on site should be curing - chances of children of workers protected by at least 1.00 m high walls on four sides, falling in the tank with fatal accident. so that the children do not fall. 23 Misuse of lift by labour and some times No person should be allowed to go to upper floors by supervision staff The lifts that are lifts that are mainly meant for conveying the building meant for lifting materials used by materials. Fatal accidents have taken place due to labour to go to upper floors – The above action of workers. labour thus traveling many a times get injured. 24 Site Cleaning–Cleaning top floors of This dangerous practice should not be allowed at all. buildings – Upper portion of any The materials should be brought to the ground with the structure – Throwing waste materials help of lift or the use of rope over pully with a bucket, broken concrete pieces, brick bats, thus bringing down materials safely. sand etc. straightway from top to ground injuring person below or even a passerby. 25 Bar bending work-Helpers of bar This is a very bad practice. The helpers should bring benders to follow short cut method, the rods to ground with the help of lift or rope & pulley. throw surplus steel pieces from top floors to ground and may cause fatal injuries. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 13 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 APPENDIX 8.16: STORAGE, HANDLING, USE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE FOR HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS A1. REFUELING/MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE Truck or suitable containers will bring in all fuel and fluids. There will be no storage of fuel, oil or fluids within 100m (or 50m) of the permanent water line. Prior to re-fueling or maintenance, drip pans and containment pans will be placed under the equipment. Absorbent blankets may also be required to be placed under the equipment and hoses where there is a possibility of spillage to occur. All used oils or fluids will be properly contained and transported to appropriately licensed (authorized) disposal facilities; Following re-fueling and maintenance, the absorbent blankets (if any) and spill pans will be picked up and the fuel truck or container moved outside of the 100m (or 50m) wide area. Emergency Spill Procedure Should a spill occur, either though spillage or equipment failure, the applicable emergency spill procedure outlined in sections A-2 to A-4 must followed. A2. SPILL PROCEDURE (INSIDE THE STREAM) In the case of a spill, overflow or release fluid into the stream waterway (whether water is flowing during the spill or not), do what is practical and safely possible to control the situation, then get help. Stop the flow o Stop the release into the stream waterway o Shutdown equipment o Close valves and pumps o Plug hoses Remove Ignition Sources o Shut off vehicles and other engines o Do not allow tiger torches, vehicles, smoking or other sources of ignition near the area. Keep a fire extinguisher on hand but keep it a safe distance away from the potential ignition source (if a fire starts, the extinguisher must be easily accessible). Contract the environmental Officer and initiate Emergency Response o Notify the site supervisor and the Contractor’s Environmental Officer as soon as possible o The Environmental Officer will review the situation and decide if Emergency Services like Fire Brigade are required o Appropriate parties to be notified of the spill are The contractor’s Project Manager The Engineer through his designated Environmental Officer DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 The Client Regulatory Agencies like Pollution Control Board, Municipal Authorities, as applicable. Site Safety Officer Cleanup and Disposal o Emergency Services will be engaged for the containment, cleanup and disposal of contamination release into the environment Reporting o The contractor’s Environmental Officer will document the event and submit reports to the EO/Engineer, the Client and appropriate regulatory agencies like the Pollution Control Board (s). Procedure Review o The Engineer will review the report, determine if changes are required to procedures and recommend implementation of all required changes…. A3. SPILL PROCEDURE (ON LAND) In the case of a spill, overflow or release fluid onto land, do what is practical and safety possible to control the situation, and then get help. Stop the flow o Stop the release into the water body o Shut down equipment o Close valves and pumps o Plug hoses Remove Ignition Sources o Shut off vehicles and other engines o Do not allow tiger torches, vehicles, smoking or other sources of ignition near the area. Keep a fire extinguisher on hand but keep it a safe distance away from the potential ignition sources (if a fire starts the extinguisher must be easily accessible). Contain the Spill o Dike around the spill to contain the material o Spread absorbent or place a spill blanket on the spill o Enlist the help of personnel on site o Notify your supervisor as soon as possible Notification o Appropriate parties to be notified of the spill are: The Contractor’s Project Manager The Engineer through his designated Environmental Officer The Client DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Regulatory Agencies like Pollution Control Board, Municipal Authorities, as applicable Site Safety Coordinator Cleanup and Disposal o The Engineer’s Environmental Officer will ensure that a proper cleanup and disposal method is determined. Reporting o The Contractor’s Environmental Officer will document the event and submit reports to the Engineer, the Client and appropriate regulatory agencies like the Pollution Control Board (s). Procedure Review o The Engineer will review the report, determine if changes are required to procedures are recommend implementation of all required changes. A4. SPILL PROCEDURE (WITHIN PONDS) In the case of a spill, overflow or release fluid due to equipment or hose failure, do what is practical and safely possible to control the situation, and then get help Stop the flow o Stop the release o Shut down equipment o Close valves and pumps o Plug hoses Remove Ignition Sources o Shut off vehicles and other engines o Do not allow tiger torches, vehicles, smoking or other sources of ignition near the area. Keep a fire extinguisher on hand but keep it a safe distance away from the potential ignition sources (if a fire starts the extinguisher must be easily accessible). Contain the Spill o Stop any pumps that may be moving the water from the area where the spill occurred o Enlist the help of personnel on site o Notify your supervisor as soon as possible Notification o Appropriate parties to be notified or the spill are: The Contractor’s Project Manager The Engineer through his designated Environmental Officer The Client Regulatory Agencies like Pollution Control Board, Municipal Authorities, as applicable DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 3 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT, GoTN TNRSP-II ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR TWO LANE UP-GRADATION WITH PAVED SHOULDERS OF Paruvakudi-Kovilpatti-Ettayapuram-Vilathikulam-Vembar Road (Km 22/500 to Km 38/750 and Km 41/300 to Km 56/700), Section of SH44 Nanguneri - Bharatavaram Ovari Road upto ECR Junction (Km 0/000 to Km 35/200), Section of SH 89 Rajapalayam-Sankarankoil-Tirunelveli (Km 1/800 to Km 28/000 and Km 33/800 to Km 82/800), Section of SH 41 Site Safety Coordinator Cleanup and Disposal o The Engineer’s Environmental Officer will ensure that a proper cleanup and disposal method is determined. Absorbent pads will soak up the spilled material. The pads will be contained and removed from site for disposal at a licensed (authorized) facility. Reporting o The Contractor’s Environmental Officer will document the event and submit reports to the Engineer, the Client and appropriate regulatory agencies like the Pollution Control Board (s) Procedure Review o The Engineer will review the report, determine if changes are required to procedures ad recommend implementation of all required changes. DPR VOLUME VII PART A (I) Page | 4