March/2015 100427 DEMOGRAPHICS WOMEN EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA MEN GENDER AT A GLANCE POPULATION BY AGE (MILLIONS), 2010 Source: UN World Population Prospects. TURKMENISTAN 100+ 90-94 GNI per capita (Atlas Method, US$)1 6,880 (2013) 80-84 Population living below US$2.50 2 70-74 Population living below US$5.00 2 60-64 GNI per capita loss due to gender gaps in the 50-54 labor market 40-44 Most recent…. 30-34 Government Gender Action Plan Not available 3 20-24 3Country Gender Assessment 2010 10-14 1 2 Source: WDI. World Bank ECATSD using ECAPOV. 0-4 3 USAID. 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.10 0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL PROGRESS Ratio of girls to boys in primary education JOBS Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education Ratio of girls to boys in tertiary SHARE OF WOMEN'S EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR, 2002 education Source: World Bank Gender Statistics. Share of women in wage employment 42% (2002) NON-AGRICULTURE in the non-agricultural sector AGRICULTURE Proportion of seats held by women in 26% (2002) 26% (2015) national parliament Source: World Bank Gender Statistics, Inter Parliamentary Union. 42% GLOBAL INDICES Score Max Rank Year WORLD ECONOMIC FORUM 58% Global Gender Gap Index - 1 - 2014 UNDP Gender Inequality Index - 0 - 2013 OECD Social Institutions & Gender Index - 0 - 2014 EU Gender Equality Index - 100 - 2013 LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION (% ages 15-64), 2003-2013 Source: World Bank Gender Statistics. WOMEN MEN 100 80 60 40 20 0 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 LEGAL FRAMEWORK The constitution of Turkmenistan guarantees equality for men and women before the law. Men and women have equal own- ership and inheritance rights to property. There are laws restricting the industries in which women may work. More specifical- ly, there are restrictions regarding the employment of women in some dangerous and environmentally unsafe jobs. Women are entitled to 112 calendar days of maternity leave with 100% of wages paid. Upon the expiry of maternity leave, a woman is entitled to unpaid childcare leave until the child reaches the age of 3. The guaran- tees and privileges granted to women in connection with maternity also apply to fathers who bring up children without a mother, as well as to guardians (trustees) of minors. The statutory retirement age for men and women is 62 and 57, respectively. There is legislation that specifically addresses domestic violence. Source: Women, Business, and the Law (2013). Europe & Central Upper Middle KEY INDICATORS Turkmenistan Male Female Male Asia Female Male OECD Female Income Male Female Year* Endowments: Education, Health, and Demographics Gross pre primary enrollment (% of relevant age group)1 78 77 69 69 Gross primary enrollment (% of relevant age group) 1 102 102 102 101 119 115 Gross secondary enrollment (% of relevant age group)1 100 98 98 98 87 89 Gross tertiary enrollment (% of relevant age group) 1 57 69 65 77 31 37 Adult literacy rate (% aged 15 and above) 1 100 100 99 99 96 92 2012 Labor force with tertiary education (% of relevant group) 1 26 32 26 31 Life expectancy at birth (years) 1 61 70 73 80 77 83 72 76 2012 Maternal mortality rate (per 100,000 live births) 1 - 61 - 18 - 21 - 57 2013 Fertility rate (births per woman)1 - 2.4 - 1.7 - 1.8 - 1.9 2012 Access to Economic Opportunity Labor participation rate (% of population ages 15-64)1 80 50 78 63 79 62 82 62 2013 Unemployment (% of labor force) 1 10.5 10.7 9.7 9.5 8.0 8.0 6.0 5.7 2013 Youth unemployment (% of population ages 15-24) 1 19.3 21.6 21.7 22.4 17.5 17.2 14.2 16.0 2013 Self-employed (% of employed men/women) 1 22 16 18 13 Employment rate of persons ages 25-49 with a child under 3 living in household 2 Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)1 - - - - Gender pay gap (in average monthly earnings, % of men's wages, unadjusted) 2 - - 23 - - Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+) 1 1 73 66 86 80 62 53 2011 Land owners (% of adult population)1 Agency Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%) 3 - 26 - 20 - - 2015 Share of women among members of municipal councils or other local area governing - - 31 - - bodies2 Firms with female top managers (%)1 - - - - Proportion of women in ministerial level positions (%) 1 - 9 - 21 - 27 - 15 2014 4 Percentage agreeing that a husband is justified in hitting or beating his wife Women who have experienced physical and/or sexual violence by a partner and/or non- - - - - partner since the age of 15 5 *Indicates year of country data. All benchmarking data is from the most recent available year. Source: 1 World Bank Gender Statistics. 2 UNECE. 3 Inter-Parliamentary Union (as of 1/ 1/2015). 4 Demographic and Health Survey. 5 EU Violence Against Women Survey. ABOUT THE DATA Where possible, data is from harmonized regionally comparable sources. All numbers based on microdata in this document calculated by the Europe and Central Asia Team for Statistical Development (ECATSD) are produced using the 2005 PPPs, as the use of the 2011 PPPs in the calculation of global poverty estimates still requires additional analysis. This note was produced by the Poverty Global Practice at the World Bank Group. All indicators are as of 03/19/15 QUESTIONS? For more information, please visit the Gender Data Portal at http://data.worldbank.org/topic/gender .