September/2014 EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA TRENDS 91484 POVERTY & POVERTY HEADCOUNT RATIO, 2000-2008 SHARED PROSPERITY Source: ECATSD using ECAPOV. 60 SURVEY DATA AT A GLANCE 50 FYR MACEDONIA 40 30 US$ 5.00 GDP per capita, PPP (current international $)1 11,834 (2012) GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$)1 4,620 (2012) 20 Rural population (% of total population)1 41 (2012) US$ 2.50 2014-2016 10 National strategy for statistical development P OVER TY 0 Population living below national line (%) 27.10 (2010) 1 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 Population living below US$ 1.25 (%)2 0.70 (2008) INEQUALITY INDICES, 2000-2008 Population living below US$ 2.5 (%)2 8.67 (2008) Source: ECATSD using ECAPOV. Population living below US$ 5.00 (%)2 35.16 (2008) GINI THEIL Population living above US$ 10.00 (%)2 29.95 (2008) 0.50 Population living in multidimensional poverty (%)3 1.90 (2005) 0.40 I NEQUAL I TY Gini index2 0.44 (2008) 0.30 Theil index2 0.38 (2008) SH AR ED P R OSP ER I TY 0.20 Welfare definition Consumption 0.10 Period of analysis 2003-2008 Income/consumption growth of bottom 40 2 -1.50% 0.00 Income/consumption growth total population 2 1.06% 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 Income/consumption growth of top 60 2 1.53% GDP growth1 4.84% INCOME/CONSUMPTION GROWTH PER CAPITA BY QUINTILE, 2003-2008 Growth of private consumption 1 6.95% Source: ECATSD using ECAPOV. GROWTH SHARE (FINAL) 1 2 3 Sources: WDI. ECATSD using ECAPOV. UNDP. 4.0% 60% 3.0% 50% 2.0% 40% PERFORMANCE Growth Share Global ECA 1.0% 30% Value Global Conditional ECA Conditional Years 0.0% 20% Poverty change 2005- 1.70% 5 6 8 1 (US$ 2.50)*1 2010 -1.0% 10% Income/ -2.0% 0% 2003- consumption growth -1.50% 7 7 11 41 1 (poorest) 2 3 4 5 (richest) 2008 of the bottom 40%**1 CONSUMER PRICE INDEX, 2000-2013 UNDP Human 0.740 78/186 - 20/29 - 2012 Source: Republic of Macedonia State Statistical Office. Note: 2005 =100. Development Index 2 GENERAL FOOD UTILITIES *Annualized. Benchmarking numbers present percent ile perf ormance among indicat ed dist ribut ion group. 200 “Condit ional” ref ers t o perf ormance when cont rolling f or povert y in t he init ial period, GDP per capit a, f ragilit y index, landlocked count ry, count ry growt h rat e, global growt h rat e, and f requency of povert y dat a. **Annualized. Benchmarking numbers present percent ile perf ormance among indicat ed dist ribut ion group. 150 “Condit ional” ref ers t o percent ile perf ormance when cont rolling f or t ype of welf are measure, GNI per capit a 2012,Gini in f irst period, povert y head count in f irst period, and count ry growt h rat e. Sources: 1 ECATSD using ECAPOV. Azevedo and Nguyen (2014). 2 UNDP (2013). 100 LIVING BELOW US$ 2.50 50 DEMOGRAPHICS LIVING BETWEEN US$ 2.50- 5.00 0 LIVING ABOVE US$ 5.00 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 POPULATION BY AGE AND POVERTY STATUS, 2008 (MILLIONS) Source: ECATSD using ECAPOV. 65-older CONTRIBUTORS 55-64 GROWTH DISTRIBUTION 45-54 35-44 % CONTRIBUTION TO POVERTY REDUCTION, (US$ 2.50), 2003-2008 25-34 Source: ECATSD using ECAPOV. 15-24 0-14 0.30 0.20 0.10 0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 Women Men -100 -50 0 50 100 150 200 NATIONAL DATA Official poverty statistics for FYR Macedonia are produced by the Republic of Macedonia State Statistical Office. The House- hold Budget Survey (HBS), conducted by the State Statistical Office since 1996, is the primary source of survey data for living standards and poverty analysis. The latest estimates of poverty are based on a relative poverty approach using total consumption/expenditure per adult equivalent. The equivalent scale used is the OECD equivalent scale. The relative poverty line is 70% of the median consumption/expenditure per adult equivalent. In 2011, the most recent year of published figures, 30.4% of the population lived in poverty.* The most recent national strategy for statistical development in FYR Macedonia spans the years 2014-2016. The most recent HBS available for FYR Macedonia in the World Bank’s regional internal microdata catalog, the ECA Data Portal, is for the year 2010. *Source: Republic of Macedonia State Statistical Office. SOURCES OF INCOME * HH EXPENDITURES* ROMA POPULATION (% of monthly total, avg.) R o m a No n -R o m a (% of monthly total, avg.) R o m a No n -R o m a Earnings related to employment 37% 50% Alcohol and cigarettes 9% 5% Unemployment benefits 2% 3% Transportation 2% 4% KEY POVERTY AND INEQUALITY INDICATORS R o m a No n -R o m a Pensions 17% 31% Socializing event 1% 3% Absolute poverty rate PPP$ 4.30 (income) 41% 14% Social assistance 29% 10% Durable goods 1% 1% Absolute poverty rate PPP$ 4.30 29% 7% Child allowance 3% 1% Education 2% 3% Absolute poverty rate PPP$ 2.15 (income) 23% 8% Income from other labor 8% 3% Food, everyday household 57% 48% Absolute poverty rate PPP$ 2.15 8% 3% Remittances (money transfers) 4% 3% Clothes (incl. shoes) 3% 6% Gini coefficient 0.395 0.38 Other 1% 0% Housing (rent and public 13% 19% Ratio of richest 20% v. poorest 20% 10.2 8.62 Medicines and medical services 8% 6% EU material deprivation index: 97% 74% EU severe material deprivation index: 92% 64% Source: UNDP/WB/EC Roma survey for Macedonia, FYR (2011). *Note: Non-Roma data refers to Non-Roma living in the same neighborhoods or vicinity. KEY INDICATORS To t al US$ 2 . 5 0 Poor No n -P o o r US$ 5 . 0 0 Poor No n -P o o r R elat iv e Gr o u p Bo t t o m 4 0 % To p 6 0 % Year D em o gr ap h ic s Share of total population (%) 100% 9% 91% 35% 65% 40% 60% 2008 % of group living in rural areas 42% 40% 42% 50% 37% 50% 36% 2008 % of group living in urban areas 58% 60% 58% 50% 63% 50% 64% 2008 % of households with 4+ members 55% 81% 53% 75% 48% 74% 46% 2008 Dependency Ratio: Children (0-14)/all HH members 0.26 0.51 0.24 0.36 0.22 0.35 0.21 2008 Dependency Ratio: Elderly 65+/all HH members 0.16 0.13 0.16 0.14 0.18 0.13 0.18 2008 Share of households with Female Head (%) 20% 20% 20% 16% 21% 17% 21% 2008 Average HH size 3.87 5.82 3.75 5.02 3.44 4.90 3.39 2008 Ed u c at io n Proportion of group with None/