ISSUE 03 JUNE 2013 IMPACT this issue Using TRACE — Tool for Rapid Assessment of City Energy SIGNIFICANT POTENTIAL SAVINGS IDENTIFIED BY ESMAP Tool Helps Turkish City Make Economic TRACE Growth Sustainable Potable Water US$ 14 million / yr The city of Gaziantep in southeastern TRACE was developed by the World Bank’s Turkey is one of the fastest growing ur- Energy Sector Management Assistance Pro- Public Transportation ban areas in the world. An important gram (ESMAP) in 2010 as a means to help US$ 12 million / yr trade link serving as Turkey’s gateway to city planners target and prioritize energy effi- the Middle East, the city has seen its ciency interventions. Reducing Private population increase ten-fold to an esti- Vehicle Use mated 1.35 million over the last 40 years. The TRACE deployment in Gaziantep placed US$ 11 million / yr the city at the forefront of Turkey’s ambitious Gaziantep’s rapid expansion has placed sig- “greening” agenda and directly informed the Municipal Building nificant pressure on its land and environment. creation of a Sustainable Cities investment Improvements And with a population anticipated to reach 3 program in the World Bank’s US$ 4.4 billion US$ 7.5 million / yr million over the next 20 years, municipal plan- 2012-2015 Country Partnership Strategy with ners face the challenge of ensuring its exist- Turkey. Street Lights ing and new infrastructure can sustain the US$ 6 million / yr city’s explosive growth. Stephen Karam, a Sector Leader with the World Bank’s Europe and Central Asia (ECA) In recent years, the Gaziantep Metropolitan Sustainable Development Department, said Municipality (GMM) has taken a number of the TRACE tool offered an excellent entry steps to tackle energy efficiency challenges point for a dialogue with GMM planners about and, as such, was a natural venue for one of how best to identify and implement energy the first global pilots of the Tool for Rapid efficiency improvements. Assessment of City Energy (TRACE) in 2011. “When you talk to mayors about climate change or low carbon growth, their eyes tend to “When you talk to mayors about climate change or low carbon growth, their eyes tend to glaze over. glaze over. Even Even though they are interested in the global public good, these initiatives don’t necessarily yield local though they are benefits,” Mr. Karam said. “However, talking about energy efficiency is different, because it affects a interested in the city’s bottom line—and nowhere more so than in Turkey.” global public good, TRACE examines energy efficiency in six municipal sectors—transport, buildings, water, public lighting, these initiatives solid waste, and power/heating—and is usually conducted over a three-month period. Experts collect don’t necessarily data, make onsite assessments, interview local decision-makers, and prepare a comprehensive report yield local benefits. recommending interventions to improve energy efficiency. However, talking Preparation of the TRACE deployment in Gaziantep was carried out jointly by the GMM and represent- about energy effi- atives of the Iller Bank, which since 2003 has partnered with the World Bank in financing environment ciency is different, sector investments in Turkish cities through the Municipal Services Project. because it affects a To carry out the TRACE pilot, World Bank and Iller Bank staff, along with planners from the GMM, city’s bottom line; fanned out across Gaziantep to conduct an analysis of the city’s key municipal sectors. and nowhere more so than in Turkey.” The final TRACE study found there to be high per capita electricity use; high city-wide water consump- tion; and disproportionately high electricity consumption by municipal water pumps. It also found high Stephen Karam and growing ownership and use of private motor vehicles; high city-wide electricity use for public light- Sector Leader World Bank Europe and Central ing; and very high consumption of electricity in municipal buildings. Asia Sustainable Development Department However, in other sectors, TRACE found Gaziantep’s energy efficiency performance to be strong. The city’s wastewater treatment system not only runs efficiently but benefits from a series of innovations— such as co-generating methane gas from sludge to produce heat and electricity—that virtually eliminate the plant’s energy costs. Likewise, the city’s solid waste management system is innovative and gener- ally effective, and the widespread use of solar heaters is helping consumers save money. The final TRACE assessment concluded that Gaziantep’s water, urban transport, and public lighting sectors were priorities for further investigation and listed five areas—in order of priority—where signifi- cant energy savings were possible: 1. Potable Water | Gaziantep’s water system was designed for 300,000 people and now serves more than 1.3 million. In 2010, some 40 percent of the potable water produced in Gaziantep was lost in the system due to technical losses. TRACE found that although the water system has IMAGES © iStockphoto already benefited from a series of innovations, a two-pronged energy savings per year. approach of improving the energy performance of existing technology and reducing water losses through a more exten- 5. Street Lighting | The public lighting system in Gaziantep has sive leakage detection program could bring energy savings of two major problems: many streets are poorly lit or not lit at all, nearly US$ 14 million a year. and the system is highly energy intensive. While extending the network to provide better lighting would lead to higher energy 2. Public Transportation | TRACE identified a wide range of bills, TRACE identified a range of improvements to offset the measures to improve the performance—and therefore energy extra costs. These include new technologies that significantly efficiency—of Gaziantep’s public transport network. Extending increase bulb efficiency and lifespan, and a program using the city’s light rail system, expanding the bus network, and strategic timers and dimmers tailored to an area’s specific implementing bus fleet maintenance programs are among the needs. The total energy savings from improvements to Gazi- steps that could bring annual energy savings of more than antep’s Street Lighting System could potentially net some US$ US$ 12 million in the public transportation sector. 6 million a year. 3. Private Vehicles | Reducing the number of private vehicles on Mr. Fuat Ozcorekci, Secretary General of the GMM, describes his the road can lower emissions and improve air quality. TRACE city’s experience in implementing one of the first TRACE pilots as found that optimizing traffic flows would allow private vehicles “an excellent learning opportunity that helped benchmark our per- to spend less time in traffic, which in turn would reduce fuel formance against other cities and identify priority areas.” consumption and pollution. Optimizing traffic patterns would also make public transportation more efficient and thus more The TRACE deployment in Gaziantep has paved the way for its appealing to commuters currently traveling to work by car. use in up to eight other cities under a World Bank-financed Turkey TRACE found that by significantly reducing the number of cars Sustainable Cities Project (SCP) now being prepared by the World on the road, Gaziantep could enjoy energy savings of nearly Bank and the Turkish government. The SCP will assist participat- US$ 11 million a year. ing metropolitan municipalities in planning long-term infrastructure investments on the basis of environmental, financial, and social 4. Municipal Buildings | Buildings are among the biggest ener- baseline data and established performance targets. Following its gy consumers in any city, and in Gaziantep they consume participation in the successful Gaziantep pilot project, Iller Bank around 20 percent of all electricity produced. In order to set a has established a new Energy Efficiency Technical Unit that aims good example for other buildings in the city, TRACE recom- to deploy TRACE in helping SCP participants prioritize their energy mended local authorities develop an audit and retrofit program efficiency investment needs. for the offices they own. By mandating energy efficiency guidelines for buildings and taking advantage of innovative Mr. Karam said that addressing energy efficiency issues through financing—such as energy service company (ESCO) arrange- TRACE has helped ensure that Gaziantep will become more eco- ments that place minimum burdens on public budgets— nomically competitive, as well as a regional center of innovation, TRACE found the GMM could realize some US$ 7.5 million in providing best practices for other cities in Turkey—and beyond. TRACE has also informed World Bank policy dialogue and lending outside Turkey under the Sustainable Development Department’s Sustainable Cities Initiative (SCI) in Europe and Central Asia—the most energy-intensive region in the world. In Skopje, Macedonia, findings from a TRACE deployment fed into the national Green Growth Agenda and in- formed World Bank investments in municipal infrastructure. In Tbilisi, Georgia, TRACE contributed to the development of priority energy efficiency improvements that can be supported under the Georgia Municipal Development Fund. Other TRACE studies pre- pared under the ECA SCI include Banja Luka, Belgrade, Pristina, and Sarajevo. Since its creation the TRACE tool has been deployed in 23 cities around the world. The tool is currently being deployed in Rio de Janeiro as the Brazilian city implements energy ESMAP efficiency measures ahead of the 2014 FIFA World Cup and the 2016 Summer Olym- MISSI ON pics, as well as in other cities including Accra, Addis Ababa, Nairobi, and Colombo. The Energy Sector Manage- ment Assistance Program (ESMAP) is a global TRACE | HOW IT WORKS knowledge and technical as- sistance program adminis- tered by the World Bank. It provides analytical and advi- sory services to low- and middle-income countries to increase their know-how and institutional capacity to achieve environmentally sus- tainable energy solutions for poverty reduction and eco- nomic growth. ESMAP is funded by Australia, Austria, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, and the United King- dom, as well as the World Bank. IMPACT Issue 03 June 2013 The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington, DC, 20433 USA www.esmpa.org esmap@worldbank.org