E4213 v4 BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA MINE ACTION CENTRE STANDARD FOR MINE CLEARANCE AND EOD OPERATIONS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA MINE ACTION CENTRE Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D SECOND REVISED AND AMMENDED EDITION Notification Pursuant to Article 6 under b) of the Demining Law in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Official Gazette BH No 5/02), at the proposal of Mine Action Centre Bosnia and Herzegovina (hereinafter BH MAC), the Demining Commission of Bosnia and Herzegovina approves this Standard for Mine Clearance and EOD Operations in BH, as with date on the front page. This Standard is subject to amendments and revisions according to revision of procedures as stated in further text. The users of this text may check the status on the BH MAC project web page http://www.bhmac.org Notification of copyright Standard for Mine Clearance and EOD Operations in Bosnia and Herzegovina is a BH MAC document and as such is protected by copyright. Neither this document nor any of its part is to be reproduced, archived or transmitted in any form, in any way or for any other purpose without previous BH MAC approval. BHMAC acts as a technical body for the Demining Commission of Bosnia and Herzegovina (hereinafter the Commission). The Commission, as the central demining body in Bosnia and Herzegovina, is established by the Council of Ministers. This document is not to be sold. Address: Mine Action Centre Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina, 71000 Sarajevo , Zmaja od Bosne 8. E-mail: bhmac@bhmac.org Phone: (+387) 33 667 310 Fax: (+387) 33 667 311 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Cenntre OIU - 1/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D REVISIONS 1. The Revisions to Standard for Mine Clearance and EOD operations in Bosnia and Herzegovina (hereinafter the standard) may be conducted, printed and entered into table in accordance with the procedure. 2. A discussion is conducted within BH Demining Community, while the final version is the decision of BH MAC. The Demining Commission is approved by Demining Commision in Bosnia and Herzegovina approves the revision. 3. Upon the date of coming into effect of the revision proposed, the members of demining community will accept it and act accordingly. 4. Remarks and suggestions for revision or amendment of the Standard are to be delivered to BH MAC. RECORD OF REVISIONS Revision Revision Chapter of the Short description of the revision Revision No Date Standard incorporated by (Name and surname) 01/1-1- 15.03.2004 CHAPTER V Annex 1: Revision and BH Demining 22/04 ammendements of survey Comission procedures First edition of the BH Standard was approved by BH Demining Commision January 18th 2000. This edition is printed with revisions and amendments made until the date of editing, which are in accordance with the Demining Law in BH (OG No 5/02). Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Cenntre OIU - 2/3 Mine Action Center Bosnia and Herzegovina BH S T A N D A R D CONTENTS Ser. Chapter Title Chapter Mark 1. NOTIFICATION, REVISIONS AND INTRODUCTION Page 2-4 2. TRAINING Chapter I 3. MARKING OF MINED AREAS AND TASKSITE Chapter II 4. TASKSITE LAYOUT AND MANUAL OPERATIONS Chapter III 5. DEMOLITION OF MINES AND UXO Chapter IV 6. MINE SURVEY Chapter V 7. EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE DISPOSAL Chapter VI 8. COMMUNICATION, REGISTERING DATA AND Chapter VII REPORTING 9. TAKEOVER OF DEMINED AREA OR BUILDING Chapter VIII 10. SAFETY Chapter IX 11. MEDICAL SUPPORT AND CASUALTY EVACUATION Chapter X 12. QUALITY ASSURANCE Chapter XI 13. USE OF EDD TEAMS Chapter XII 14. DEMINING ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION Chapter XIII 15. MECHANICAL PREPARATION OF THE GROUND Chapter XIV 16. HOUSE CLEARACNE Chapter XV Mine Action Centre BH S - 1/1 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D INTRODUCTION 1. Bosnia and Herzegovina Standard for mine and UXO Removal in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Standard), will be the fundamental document for the humanitarion mine and EOD clearance operations (demining). Organisations will make their Standing Operational Procedures (SOP) in compliance to this Standard for their ground operations in Bosnia and Herzegovina. 2. This Standard is built on the fundaments of the International Standards for Mine Clearance Operations, (IMAS), UN Technical and Safety Guidelines for demining operations in Bosnia and Herzegovina (issued by UN MAC). It is built on the experiences gathered during demining operations in Bosnia and Herzegovina, encompassing both theory and practice gathered from around the world. 3. By the adoptions of BH Demining Law (OG, No 5/02), adequate revisions were made within the Standard in order for the Chapters of Standard are in compliance with the Law regulations. 4. A minimum of technical and safety measures that must be incorporated in demining organisations SOPs are given in this Standard. Every organisation is obliged to make its own SOP which will comply to the Standard and encompass even more experiences and safety measures to be applied, all for the purpose of the safety of people who are actually conducting demining operations and Quality Control of the cleared area for the final users – population of Bosnia and Herzegovina. 5. MAC structure inspections bodies will control the Regulations set in this Standard for technical and safety measures, which will be incorporated in organisations’ SOPs. 6. This Standard will enable MAC structure and all other to whom it might concern, the best way to plan and estimate the realization of mines and UXO removal in Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as it sets the fundament for interpreting of any of the activity. 7. By the approval of this revised and amended edition of BH Standard by the Demining Commission dated June 1st 2003, the BH Standard approved Janurary 18th 2000 no longer valid. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Cenntre OIU - 3/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D Chapter I TRAINING INTRODUCTION 1. A high standard of training is the essential and the first step in the overall process that will lead to efficient and safe humanitarian demining. Sound and well planned training courses, led by verified instructing personnel, classrooms, teaching tools, protective equipment and areas designated for practical field training, in compliance to BH MAC plan and programme for each course, all these guarantee the sound training of personnel for humanitarian demining. Conduct of humanitarian demining operations (within the scope of course qualification) will be allowed to those personnel only who have successfully attended and passed BH MAC verified course. 2. Students of each course that is controlled and verified by BH MAC must be in good physical conditions and capable of conducting humanitarian demining activities. Training is to provide personnel with individual skills and practical abilities, which are necessary for safe and efficient conduct of the task within the humanitarian demining process. AIM 3. The aim is to detail the BH MAC minimum requirements for training all personnel involved in demining operations. SCOPE 4. Prior to conducting the deminers’ training, every organisation must have a detailed plan stating needs, responsibilities, resources and Quality Assurance system, all in order to enable the acceptability, effectiveness and efficiency of the training. BH MAC will maintain the evaluation before and during the course, as a part of MAC Quality Assurance plan. 5. Prior to commencing the course, every organisation intending to carry out training courses for demining personnel must submit plans and programmes of the training to BH MAC for the purpose of evaluation. BH MAC will verify those courses only that are in accordance with standard, controlled and evaluated as positive. Organisation that is leading a course is issuing certificates about personnel who have successfully passed the course, while the data from the certificates is transferred to deminers database. 6. There has to be an inspector for preparation of every course who is specialised in the course syllabus. He is to prepare and organise the entire course and other instructing personnel who must have attended and passed as a minimum a course on which they are lecturing, as well as verified practical experience in performing the duties of section leader If necessary, it is possible to engage experts on humanitarian demining and explosive devices (MAC, SFOR, demining organisations, explosive producers, Civilian Protections and others). 7. Following is what every course in humanitarian demining should encompass: a) Individual skills b) Organisation and procedures on the site, c) Authorisations and responsibilities of the team leader, Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I - 1/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D 8. Personnel without training and appropriate qualifications (without certificates/demining logbooks –accreditation and valid authorisation for the conduct of demining must not be involved in humanitarian demining activities, since they can endanger both themselves and other personnel. 9. All functions - qualifications in humanitarian deminig can be categorised in three stages: a) Basic stage of qualifications implies basic course for humanitarian demining as well as additional knowledge with following qualifications: (1) Deminer (2) Medical orderly –Minimum medical high school and needed exam passed. (3) Communications operator (4) Section Leader – course for Section Leader (5) Surveyor – Surveyor course (6) Building / House clearance deminer – House Clearance Course (7) Ground preparation machine operator – Course for ground preparation machine operator (8) EOD operator – Basic EOD course (9) EOD Team leader – Basic EOD Course and EOD team leader course (10) Dog handler – Humanitarian demining course for dog handler b) Higher stage of qualifications implies organisational and managerial capabilities, as well as capability for making decisions on one’s own. (1) Task site manager (platoon commander, group leader, team leader) (2) EDD team trainer (3) General survey team leader (4) Site monitor – Course for site monitors (5) Mine Awareness Instructor – Instructor’s course for mine awareness c) Specialised stage of qualifications requires specialised education and qualifications (1) Demining instructor (2) EOD instructor (3) Humanitarian Demining Quality Control Inspector – Course for Quality Control Inspector 10. For every following stage a candidate is required to have attended and passed previous stage course from the particular domain. 11. Courses for first aid must be encompassed within plans and programmes of BH MAC courses, given as Annexes to this Chapter. 12. There are several reasons for organisations to conduct courses, such as need for new personnel, usage of new methods, new equipment, suggestions for improvement in the segments of safety and efficiency within the humanitarian demining process. This will also include a positive approach towards Quality Assurance issue. All these reasons will be added to the minimum syllabus of the training plans and programmes and submitted to the Demining Community by BH MAC. 13. All the personnel involved in humanitarian demining who are in possess of a certificates are to be issued a Deminer’s Logbook-accreditation. Data from Deminer’s Logbook is stored in BH MAC Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I - 2/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D database. Deminer’s logbook-accreditation and valid authorisation for work is a personal document that is to be shown to MAC inspector if asked for, as a proof that a person is qualified to perform stated duties in humanitarian demining tasks. 14. All training will comply with the safety measures in humanitarian demining (Chapter IX). Training area must safe or cleared area with NO live mines with attached fuses. Training / dummy mines and fuses will be used during training. 15. Basic courses should however imply demonstration exercises of the effect most usual mines in BH produce when they are activated. These effects can be shown either on the exercising field or a movie clip, slide, picture etc. 16. For the purposes of dog handlers’ course (for EDD training), live mines must be used but always without fuses (disarmed), under instructor’s supervision. 17. Minimum plan and programme syllabus for humanitarian demining will be attached to this chapter. It will be input into every course. This syllabus will enable BH MAC verify plans and programmes to whoever organises the course. ANNEXES – Plans and programmes for humanitarian demining courses Annex A – Basic course for humanitarian demining Annex B – EOD operator course Annex C – Humanitarian demining Quality Control course for QC inspectors Annex D – Mine Awareness Instructor Course Annex E: Section leader course Annex F: Site monitor course Annex G: House Clearance Course Annex H: EOD team leader course Annex I: Dog handler course Annex J: Surveyors course Annex K: Course for mechanical preparation machine operator Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I - 3/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Annex A Chapter I BASIC HUMANITARIAN DEMINIG COURSE – PLANS AND SYLLABUSS COURSE CURRICULUM DURATION This curriculum implies the minimum 15 working days of the course, 8 classes every day. Every course class is to last 45 minutes. REVIEW OF TIME NECESSARY FOR THE COURSE TO BE HELD Entire course duration according to topics and subjects No. of hrs I General part 7 II Topics 100 1. Deminining 66 2. Survey, communications, recording and reports 7 3. Getting familiar with mines and UXOs 18 4. Medical course 5 5. Protective equipment 4 II Test of the knowledge gained and estimation /marks 13 Total: 120 COURSE SYLLABUS I GENERAL Ser. SUBJECT/TOPIC LECTURES No. of hrs 1. General 1.1. Introduction 1. Administration 2. Introduction to the course and the person teaching 3. Organisation and structure of 2 Demining Community in BiH 4. Responsibilities 5. Employment conditions etc. 1.2. Introducing the course syllabus 1. Curriculum planned day by day 1 2. Attendees equipped with a course plan and written material 3. The essence of humanitarian demining (differences between military and humanitarian). 1.3. Equipment issued and returned 2 1.4. Analysis of the course and 2 issuing diplomas Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I-1/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD 7 TOTAL: II COURSE TOPIC Ser. SUBJECT/TOPIC LECTURES No. of hrs 1. Demining 1.1. Organisation of demining 1. Structure of demining section / 2 section and safety measures team and the platoon 2. Responsibilities of section members 3. Demining section equipment (individual and section’s) 4. Demining – general safety measures 1.2. Demining tools 1. Prodder 1 2. Trip wire feeler (antenna) 3. Vegetation cutting tools 4. Digging tools 1.3. Types of marking and means 1. Distribution in marking 1 used 2. Marking poles (pickets) 3. Mine tape 4. Mine marking signs 5. Base stick 6. Marker for the datum point 7. Metal poles (regular nails allowed) 1.4. Manual demining procedures 1. Trip wire feeler procedure 6 2. Visual search 3. Removal of vegetation 4. Checking area with a metal detector 5. Prodding procedure 6. Digging procedure for a located item (mine…) 7. Encountering mine/UXO or a trip wire 8. Collecting metal 9. Remote pulling procedures 10. Burning 11. Demining or roads 1.5. Metal detector 1. Intention and function 3 2. Types of metal detectors 3. Basic parts 4. Accessories Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I - 2/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Work check and calibration 5. Search techniques 6. 1.6. Organisation of deminers’ work Responsibilities 1. 4 Two-man team 2. Working deminer supported and 3. supervised by the section leader 4. Order and discipline 5. Practical work on the site 1.7. Task site layout 1. Organisation of the site, designated 4 areas and reference points of the site 2. Datum point and datum line 3. Site layout depending on various locations 1.8. Clearance 1. Clearance of working lanes 8 2. Mine marking 3. Procedures on encountering a trip wire 4. Removal of mines with explosive 1.9. House Clearance 1. Particularities in site layout 2 2. Encountering booby traps 1.10. Mine Accident 1. Procedure when mine accident 1 occurs (practical exercise included) 1.11. Practical exercises: 1. Work 2. Identification of metal, plastics, 8 with a prodder wood, stone. 1.12. Practical exercises: 2. Locating 1. Work with nails 8 mines with a metal detector 2. Locating life fuses 1.13. Exercise 1. Section exercise in 1. Work at a fake according to 8 pressure mine clearance of the working points sites area 2. Location of training mines 1.14. Exercise 2. Section exercise in 1. Work at a fake according to 8 stake mounted mines clearance working points sites 2. Location of training mines 1.15. Mechanical preparation of the 1. Intention, types and working 1 ground methods 1.16. Location of mines using EDDs 1. Intention and EDD team working 1 methods TOTAL: 66 2. Survey, communications, recording and reporting 2.1. Survey levels 1. , 2. and 3. 1. Level 1 survey - general 1 2. Level 2 survey – technical 3. Level 3 Survey - final 2.2. Compass 1. Description of compass and its 1 intention 2. Using compass for setting bearings 2.3. Topographic maps 1. Subject, name, register, (map sheet 1 No.), scale (the topographic map, Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I - 3/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD cadastral plans – maps and sketches) 2. Topographic signs and mine pollution signs 3. Map orientation and setting the datum point 2.4 Minefield marking 1. Types of minefield marking 1 2. Marking signs 2.5. Organisation of communications 1. Types of communications 2 2. Radios, description and handling 3. Organisation of communication on site 2.6. Recording and reporting 1. Records on the site 1 2. Reports on demining – clearance TOTAL: 7 3. Familiarisation with mines and UXOs 3.1. Anti-personal mines 1. Types and intention 3 2. Characteristics 3. Fuses 3.2. Anti-tank mines 1. Types and intention 3 2. Characteristics 3. Fuses 3.3. Booby traps 1. Intention 1 2. Most usual methods of setting 3.4. Unexploded ordnance 1. Types of UXOs 3 2. Characteristics 3.5. Demolitions 1. Safety measures during 8 demolitions of mines and UXOs 2. Explosives and accessories 3. Demolition charges (types and characteristics of work) 4. Initiation exercise TOTAL: 18 4. Medical Training 4.1. Injuries 1. Types of injuries 1 2. Broken bones procedure Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I - 4/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD 4.2. Basic first aid procedure, 1. Procedure with heart and breathing 3 emergency medial aid and problems evacuation to the ambulance, 2. Procedures with bleedings (CASEVAC) 3. Procedures with splinters for broken bones 4. Procedure with a temperature wave 5. Procedure with a snake bite 6. Particularities with basic first aid in the minefield 7. Extrication of the injured form the accident point to the safe area, forward to the ambulance 4.3. Medical evacuation – transport 1. Resuscitation/reanimation of 1 of injuries to the hospital injured and transport to the (MEDEVAC) hospital TOTAL: 5 5. Protective Equipment 5.1. Helmet, visor, protective jacket, 1. Characteristics and possibilities for 2 protective footwear etc. protection 2. Minimum protective equipment 5.2. Equipment maintenance 1. Care for equipment 2 2. Cleaning and repairing equipment TOTAL: 4 TOTAL 100 III TEST OF THE KNOWLEDGE GAINED AND ESTIMATION /MARKS 1. Written and practical tests 1.1. Introduction test and analysis 1. Knowledge of mines and fuses 1 1.2. First knowledge test and 2 analysis 1.3. Second knowledge test and 2 analysis 1.4. Final exercise and practical test 1. Task site layout 8 (of deminers, medical orderlies, 2. Preparation for work section leaders, communications 3. Location of trip wires operators and drivers) 4. Removal of vegetation (SECTION AND PLATOON 5. Prodder and metal detector search LEVEL) techniques 6. Locating an item with a prodder 7. Digging of the located item 8. Procedures on locating a mine 9. Procedure on locating an UXO 10. Procedures on locating a trip wire TOTAL: 13 COURSE TOTAL: 120 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I - 5/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Chapter I Annex B EOD OPERATOR COURSE PLAN AND SYLLABUS DURATION This course plan and syllabus implies minimum of 20 working days with 8 hours a day. Every hours is to last for 45 minutes. REVIEW OF TIME NEEDED FOR THE COURSE TO BE HELD Entire course duration according to topics and subjects No. of hrs I General part 7 II Topics 100 20 126 1. Basis of removal of unexploded ordnance 12 2. Basic First Aid 5 3. Preparation for removal of UXO 9 4. Situation estimation with a UXO 32 5. Removal of UXO 68 III Test of the knowledge gained and estimation /marks 14 Total: 160 COURSE SYLLABUS I GENERAL Ser. Subject/Topic LECTURES No. of hrs. 1.1. Basics 1. Introduction to the course 2 2. Organisation of Demining Community in BiH and EOD organisation structure 3. Responsibilities 4. Employment Conditions 5. Issuing material for the course etc. 1.2. Equipping attendees 1 1.3. Familiarisation with the course syllabus (topics planned day by day) 1 1.4. Equipment maintenance 4 1.5. Analysis and diplomas issuing 2 1.6. Spare time 10 TOTAL: 20 II COURSE THEME Ser. SUBJECT/TOPIC LECTURES No. of hrs 2. BASICS OF UXO DISPOSAL 2.1. Types of UXO 1. General 2 2. Scattered UXO 3. UXO dropped 4. UXO laid 5. UXO fired 6. UXO on the ground or under the ground Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I-1/4 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD 2.2. Theory on explosives 1. General, what is explosive? 2 2. Deflagration, detonation, burning 3. Particular detonation 4. Classification of explosives 5. Characteristics of explosives 6. Different charges – effects 2.3. Recapitulation of demolitions 1. Safety fuses and crimping procedures 2 2. Electrical initiation 3. Demolitions safety measures 4. Procedures with a charge misfire 2.4. Demolitions Theory 4 2.5. Basis of Safety 1. Personal Protective Equipment 2 2. General safety measures, communications, medical support, safety distances tables. 3. Secondary effects, safety distances tables. TOTAL: 12 Ser. SUBJECT/TOPIC LECTURES No. of hrs. 3. BASIC FIRST AID 3.1. Types of injuries, procedures with heart and respiration problems, stopping of 3 bleedings, using splinters whit broken bones. 3.2. Procedures with white phosphorus burns 1 3.3. Procedures of emergency medical aid and evacuation 1 TOTAL: 5 Ser. SUBJECT/TOPIC LECTURES No. of hrs 4. PREPARATION FOR UXO DISPOSAL 4.1. Protective measures 1. Cordon the area 2 2. Marking of the UXO 3. Evacuation 4.2. Survey reports 1. Filling in a report 3 2. Drawing sketches 4.3. UXO survey exercise 1. Site layout and marking 4 TOTAL: 9 Ser. SUBJECT/TOPIC LECTURES No. of hrs 5. SITUATION ESTIMATION FOR THE UXO 5.1. Theory on Ammunition 5.1.1. Basics 1. Shape and package 2 2. Paints and letters for marking 3. Different charges 5.1.2. Small calibre ammunition 1. Introduction and History 4 2. General on small calibre ammunition 3. Characteristics 4. Function 5. Handling hazards 6. Safety measures 5.1.3. Hand grenades and rifle grenades 1. Introduction and History 2 2. General on grenades 3. Hand grenades 4. Rifle grenade Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I-2/4 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD 5.1.4. Mortar grenades 1. Introduction and History 2 2. General on mortar grenades 60 – 120 mm 5.1.5. Artillery grenades 1. Introduction and History 2 2. General on artillery grenades 20 – 40 mm 3. 57 – 100 mm 4. 100 – 203 mm 5.1.6. Projectiles 1. Introduction and History 2 2. General on projectiles 64 – 227 mm 5.1.7. Bombs 1. Introduction and History 1 2. General on bombs 5.1.8. Submunnition 1. Introduction and History 2 2. General on submunnition 3. KB 1 and 2 4. Mk 1 5. BL 755 5.1.9. Projectiles 1. Introduction and History 1 2. General on projectiles 3. Different types 4. Function 5. Guidance systems 6. Charges 5.1. Booby traps 1. Introduction and History 2 10 2. General 3. Different type of booby traps 5.2. Disarming of mines 5.2.1. Anti-personal mines 1. Pressure mines 8 PMA-1 PMA-2 PMA-3 ‘Gorazde’ AP VS-50 PFM-1 PMN-2 PSM-1 2. Fragmentation mines PMR-2A PMR-2AS PMR-3 PMR-4 ‘Caplinka’ PPMP-2 3. Bouncing fragmentation mines PROM-1 and 1P 4. Fragmentation Directional Mines MRUD Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I-3/4 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD 5.2.2. Anti-tank mines 1. TMM-1 4 2. TMA-1A 3. TMA-2A 4. TMA-3 5. TMA-4 6. TMA-5 7. TMRP-6 8. TMN-46 9. TM-57 10. TM-62M TOTAL: 32 Ser. SUBJECT/TOPIC LECTURES No. of hrs 6. UXO DISPOSAL 6.1. Basics 1. Safety 1 General NOTAM 2. Work plan 3. Priority 6.2. Disposal options 1. Explosive charges 4 2. Disarming 3. Defusing 6.3. Removal 1. Different types of ammunition 6 2. Practical removal 6.4. Protective works 1. Protective walls 8 2. Protective cover / shelter 3. Supporting walls 4. Protective trench 5. Practical work 6.5. Planning before the task starts 1. Planning of the task 1 2. Orders 6.6. Disposal exercise (mortar grenade) 4 6.7. Disposal exercise (artillery grenades and missiles) 4 6.8. Disposal exercise (submunnition, projectiles) 4 6.9. Disposal exercise (mine) 4 6.10 Disposal exercise ( all types of UXO) 32 TOTAL: 68 III TEST OF THE KNOWLEDGE GAINED AND ESTIMATION /MARKS Ser. SUBJECT/TOPIC LECTURES No. of hrs 7. Knowledge test contents 7.1. Test 1, Theory on explosive and general safety 1 7.2. Test 2, Disarming of mines, practical test 2 7.3. Test 3, Theory test, identification, safety (UXO) 1 7.4. Test 4, Practical test, identification, removal (UXO) 1 7.5. Test 5, Theory test, identification, removal 1 7.6. Test 8, Exam, practical test constructed as a real task (UXO removal)) 8 TOTAL: 14 COURSE TOTAL 160 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I-4/4 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Annex C Chapter I QUALITY CONTROL INSPECTORS’ COURSE IN HUMANITARIAN DEMINING – PLANS AND PROGRAMES COURSE CURRICULUM DURATION This curriculum implies the minimum of 17 working days, 8 classes every day. Every course class is to last for 45 minutes. REVIEW OF TIME NECESSARY FOR THE COURSE TO BE HELD Entire course duration according to topics and subjects No. of hrs I GENERAL 8 II TOPICS 92 1. Basic knowledge of demining 17 2. Adults pedagogy 4 3. Safety and protection 3 4. Quality assurance 4 5. Demolitions and removal of UXO 12 6. Accident investigation and reporting 20 7. Use of EDD teams and mechanical preparation of the ground 10 8. Survey 10 9. Planning 5 10. Information 7 III Exercises 16 IV Knowledge gained test, marks and analysis 20 TOTAL: 136 COURSE CURRICULUM I GENERAL Ser. SUBJECT/TOPIC LECTURES No. of hrs. 1. Introduction to the MAC structure 1.1. Introduction 1. Administration 2. Introduction to the course 3. Introduction to the lecturer 4. Introduction of the school 1 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I-1/6 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD 1.2. Welcome Speech 1 1.3. BHMAC 1. BHMAC structure presentation 2. Operations 3. Mine Awareness 4. Training 5. Quality assurance and Quality Control 6. Database 6 TOTAL: 8 II COURSE TOPIC Ser. SUBJECT / TOPIC LECTURES No. of hrs 1. Basic knowledge on demining 1.1. Terminology Vocabulary discussion 1 1.2. Survey, demining (house 1. What is it? clearance and removal of UXO 2. What do they do? included) 3. How it is conducted? 4. What is productivity? 1 5. Integration of disciplines 1.3. Safety, quality and productivity 1. Principles 2. What is safety? 3. What is quality? 2 4. How they perform combined? 1.4. International Standards, B H 1. Explanation Standard and SOP 1 1.5. BH Standard - Chapter I- 1. Explanation and discussion 1 Training 1.6. Chapter II- Marking 1. Explanation and discussion 1 1.7. Chapter III- Man. operations 1. Explanation and discussion 1 1.8. Introduction to demining 1. Basic review of demining management 2. Structure: BH MAC, GOs and NGOs, commercial companies 3. Management, quality assurance, 2 quality control, certificates 1.9. Task site layout 1. Organisation of a minefield 2 1.10. Demining in practice 1. Monitoring of demining 5 operations TOTAL: 17 2. Adult pedagogy 2.1. Adult Pedagogy – science on 1. About Adult pedagogy education of adults 2. Theory of education 1 3. Education principles 2.2. Methods and means in education 1. Defining and qualification of Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I-2/6 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD education methods 2. Types of education methods 1 3. Lecturing tools and facilities 2.3. Organisation of education 1. Organisational types of education 2 2. Lecture 3. Types of lectures 4. Self-education 5. Preparation for lectures 6. Organisation and conduct of exercises TOTAL: 4 3. Safety and protection 3.1. Safety rules 1. General rules 2. Site rules 3. Marking rules 4. Demining rules 1 5. Demolition rules 3.2. Protective equipment 1. What is it and what is it designed for? 2. What are the performances? 3. Explanation of explosion blast, 2 fragmentation, velocity and levels of protection. 4. Discuss accident analyses and protection TOTAL: 3 4. Quality assurance 4.1. Quality assurance 1. What is quality assurance? 2. How is it performed? 3. Who performs it and how? 1 4.2. Quality control 1. What is quality control? 2. How is it performed? 3. Who performs it and why? 1 4.3. Standard – Chapter XI– Quality 1. Presentation and explanation assurance 2. Explanation of the contents and 2 filling in the Reports on compliance to BH Standard TOTAL 4 5. Demolition and removal of EO 5.1. Explosives and accessories 1. Presentation 2. Presentation of their use 1 5.2. Stand.-Chapter IV- Demolitions 1. Presentation 2. Explanation 1 5.3. Chapter VI - EOD 1. Presentation Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I-3/6 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD 2. Explanation 1 5.4. Safety rules 1. Explanation 1 5.5. Demolition preparation 1. Explanation of what instructor is doing during the exercise 1 5.6. Demolition 1. Practical exercises 7 ELABORATE TOTAL: 12 6. Accident investigation and reporting 6.1. Accident investigation Initial report 1. 1 6.2. Board of Inquiry (BoI) Terms of Reference (TOR) 1. Members 2. Investigation conduct 3. 1 6.3. Investigation procedure Investigation 4. How is investigation conducted? 5. Find out why it occurred? 6. Find out who did what. 7. Making conclusions 3 8. How to write a report? 6.4. Practical investigation 1. Practical exercises 2. Reporting. 5 6.5. Accident Report 1. Real example (good or bad). 1 6.6. Accident statistics 1. Facts 2. Most frequent occurrence 1 6.7. Quality control during accident 1. Function of the monitor 2. Quality control tasks 3. c. What to do, where and when? 3 6.8. Stand.-Chapter XIII – Accident 1. Explanation Investigation 2. Practical exercise. 5 TOTAL: 20 7. EDD and Mechanical preparation of the ground 7.1. EDD (explosive detecting dog) 1. Performances (EDD team-dog handler and a dog) 2. Care 3. Training 4. Qualifications and certifications 2 5. EDD limitations 6. Research procedures. 7.2. EDD team, practical exercise 1. Area research exercise- 1 observation 7.3. BH Standard – Chapter XII-Use 1. Presentation of EDD teams 2. Explanation 2 7.4. Mechanical equipment for the 1. History of machines. preparation of ground 2. Performances and limitations 3. Types of machines 2 4. Use of machines. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I-4/6 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD 7.5. Mechanical preparation of the 1. Mechanical preparation of the ground - exercise ground exercise – observation 2 7.6. BH Standard – Chapter XIX – 1. Presentation. Mechanical Preparation of the 2. 2. Explanation 1 Ground TOTAL: 10 8. SURVEY 8.1. Survey 1. Introduction 1 8.2. Survey-use of maps 1. Basis of reading the map 2. Sketches and maps (drawing) 3 8.3. BH Standard – Chapter V- 1. Presentation Survey 2. Explanation 1 8.4. Survey and map reading exercise 1. Practical exercises. 5 TOTAL: 10 9. Planning 9.1. Planing of a task 1. Preparation and planning 2. Planning of the site 3. Daily reports (records), the site, 2 plan, work etc. 9.2. Working plans 1. General 2. Planning for the use of more than one tool 3. Integrated planning 3 4. The role of the monitor TOTAL: 5 10. Information 10.1. Introduction to information 1. What are they and why do we need them? 2. How do we get them? 3. Explanation of Levels 1, 2 and 3 2 10.2. Database on mines 1. 1. General explanations with examples. 1 10.3. Database on mines 2. 1. Incidents data. 2. Accidents data. 3. Data for levels 1,2,3 – incoming 2 and outgoing. 10.4. Use of maps 1. Needs (database) 2. Grid references, long/lat., GPS, etc. 1 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I-5/6 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD 10.5. Statistics 1. Explanation what statistics is? 2. Explanation that statistics is a part of quality control 1 TOTAL: 7 TOTAL: 90 III EXERCISES 1. Exercises 1.1. Practical exercise 1 – Quality 1. Demining site control of a demining site (ELABORATE) 8 1.2. Practical exercise 2- Quality 1. House clearance site control of the house clearance (ELABORATE) site 8 TOTAL: 16 IV KNOWLEDGE TESTS, MARKS AND ANALYSES 1. Test, exams and analysis 1.1. Introduction test 2 1.2. First control test 1. Contents from the first week lectures 2. Checking the test 2 1.3. Analysis of the test 1. Analysis of the test- Explanations for negative answers 3 2. Standardisation of terms 3. Experience exchange 1.4. Second Control test 1. Contents from the second week lectures 2. Checking the test 2 1.5. Analysis of the test 1. Analysis of the test- Explanations for negative answers 3 2. Standardisation of terms 3. Experience exchange 1.6. Exam Commission 7 1.7. Issuing of diplomas 1 TOTAL: 20 COURSE TOTAL: 136 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I-6/6 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Annex D Chapter I MINE AWARENESS INSTRUCTORS COURSE – PLANS AND SYLLABUS COURSE PLAN DURATION This curriculum implies that the course will last for minimum of 5 working days, with 8 lecture hours a day. Every lecture hour is to last for 45 minutes. TIME NEEDED FOR THE COURSE TO BE HELD Entire duration of course according to subjects and topics No. Of hrs. I GENERAL 4 II Theme 33 1. Basics of Mine Awareness knowledge 17 2. Adult Pedagogy 12 3. Familiarisation with mines and UXOs 4 III Knowledge test, marks and analysis 4 TOTAL: 40 COURSE SYLLABUS I GENERAL Ser. SUBJECT / TOPIC LECTURES No. of hrs. 1. General 1.1. Introduction to the course 1. Plan and syllabus content 2. Information on course realisation 1 1.2. Introduction to the organisation 1. Welcome speech or the organiser 1 handling the course 2. Structure and aims of the organisation 1.3. Spare time 2 TOTAL: 4 II COURSE THEME Ser. SUBJECT / TOPIC LECTURES No. of hrs 2. Basic knowledge on Mine Awareness 2.1. Introduction to Mine Awareness 1. Definitions and terminology 1 2. Justification of Mine Awareness Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I-1/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD 2.2. Estimation of the needs for Mine 1. Estimation methodology Awareness 2. Making samples 3. Making questionnaires and preparation for testing 4. Performing interviews 5. The use of information 3 6. Needs for training and education means 2.3. Information Processing 1. Sources of information 2. Statistics on victims 3. Mine accidents’ causes investigation 4. Mine Awareness Contents 5. Analyses and distribution of 5 information to the user 2.4. Planning the syllabus 1. Mine Awareness in the framework of the integral mine clearance 2. Planning techniques 3 2.5. Mine Awareness messages 1. Approach to aimed groups 2. Form and content of the message 3. Threat identification 4. Mine injuries in the function of mine awareness message 5. Protection from mines 6. Mine Awareness signs 5 7. Procedure on encountering a mine or a UXO TOTAL: 17 3. Adult pedagogy 3.1. Adult pedagogy – science of the 1. Adult pedagogy education of adults 2. Theories of bringing up and education 1 3. Principles of education 3.2. Basic factors and characteristics of 1. Factors of the personality the personality development in the development educational process 2. Phases in the personality 1 development 3. Motivation and its meaning in the adults’ education process 3.3. Education methods and means 1. Defining and qualification of educational methods 2. Types of educational methods 1 3. Educational means and facilities 3.4. Organisation of lectures 1. Organisational types of lectures 1 2. A lecture class 3. Types of lectures/ classes 4. Self education 5. Preparation for the lecturing 3.5. Educational means for Mine 1. Basic principles for issuing Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre 1-2/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Awareness educational means fir Mine Awareness 2 2. Classification of educational means for Mine Awareness 3.6. Education of adults on Mine 1. Particularities in adults’ education Awareness on Mine Awareness 2. Sample class for adults education on Mine Awareness 3. Sample class on Mine Awareness for rural population 5 4. Exercise 3.7. Differences in Mine Awareness 1. Particularities and differences in education of children and adults education of children and adults in Mine Awareness 2. Sample class on Mine Awareness on 1 children TOTAL: 12 4. Familiarisation with mines and UXO 4.1. Anti-personal mines 1. Type and intention 2. Characteristics of mines 1 4.2. Anti-tank mines 1. Type and intention 2. Characteristics of mines 1 4.3. Booby traps 1. Intention 2. Usual methods of setting 1 4.4. Unexploded ordnance 1. Types of UXO 1 TOTAL: 4 III KNOWLEDGE, MARKS AND ANALYS 1. Test and analyses 1.1. Final exam – test 2 1.2. Analyses and issuing diplomas for the course done 1 TOTAL: 3 COURSE TOTAL: 40 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre 1-3/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D Annex E Chapter I COURSE PLAN AND SYLLABUS FOR THE LEADERS OF DEMINING SECTIONS COURSE PLAN DURATION This plan and syllabus estimate that the course will last for 5 working days as a minimum, with 8 classes a day. Each class will last for 45 minutes. REVIEW OF THE TIME NEEDED FOR THE COURSE CONDUCT Timing of the entire course according to contents and topics No of lectures hrs I General 2 II Topics 35 1. Demining 24 2. Survey, communications system, documentation and reporting 3 3. Knowledge of mines and UXO 6 4. Medical support 1 5. Protective equipment 1 III Knowledge testing and grades 3 Total: 40 COURSE SYLLABUS I GENERAL SER. SUBJECT/TOPIC LECTURES No of lect. Hrs 1. General 1.1. Introduction 1. Introduction to the course, topics, 1 presentation of the persons running the course 2. Organisation of demining community in BiH and its structure 3. General responsibilities of the managerial personnel 1.2. Analyses of the course and issuing 1 certificates TOTAL: 2 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I-1/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD II SUBJECT MATTER OF THE COURSE SER. SUBJECT/TOPIC LECTURES No of lect. Hrs 1. Demining 1.1. Introduction 1. What does demining encompass 1 2. International Standards and BH Standard 3. SOP of the demining organisation (contents and compliance to the BH Standard) 1.2. Organisation of demining 1. Generally on the organisation of work 1 section and safety measures 2. Structure of demining section, team, platoon 3. Responsibility of the section’s members 4. General safety measures in demining 1.3. Demining tools and equipment 1. Content: tools and equipment (of the deminer and 1 of the section) and its maintenance 2. The requirements of the Standard related to equipment and tools 3. The use of vegetation removal tools in front of the base stick and in the checked part of the working lane 1.4. Types and means for marking 1. Division of marking 1 2. Requirements of marking means (pickets, mine signs, base stick, LM marker and metal poles (standard nails 200-300mm in length) 3. Responsibilities of the section leader within marking procedure 1.5. Procedures of manual 1. The content of the basic working procedure in the 2 demining and Quality Control working lane and choosing the adequate procedure (CC) according to the local conditions 2. Real productivity of work with the methods adopted, related to local conditions and theoretically possible productivity as set within the BH Standard 3. Internal CC of deminers’ work during the day and documentation of control into the daily diary of the section leader. 4. Internal CC from the person within the organisation who is responsible for QA in the demining organisation 5. External control conducted by the MAC inspection and the monitoring. 1.6. Metal detector 1. Type, characteristics and requirements according 1 to BH Standard 2. Testing and documentation of the results at the beginning of work and after the batteries are changed 3. Sensitivity control conducted by deminers Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I-2/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD 1.7. Organisation of work within 1. Morning briefing and tasking 2 demining section 2. Efficiency, safety and quality requirements 3. Working within a two-men team (one deminer supported), as well as support of four deminers work by the section leader 4. Command and discipline 5. Visitors and obligations regarding the authorised visitors 1.8. Task site layout 1. Safety requirements for the task site, designated 1 areas and reference points of the site 2. Setting the datum point and datum line 1.9. Encountering a Uxo and its 1. Team leader’s procedure upon finding a mine, 4 demolition UXO or a tripwire 2. Marking of the mine found and closure of the working lane 3. Daily destruction in situ or other designated area 4. Protective works for diminishing the demolitions effects 5. Setting up explosive charges for demolitions (types etc.) 6. Setting up the size of explosive charge for complete destruction 7. Procedure in case of the explosive charge misfire 8. Safety measures when destructing, transporting and storing explosives 9. Documentation of the status of explosive and quantities spent. 1.10. House clearance 1. Particularities in the task site layout 1 2. Tracing the booby trapped mines 1.11. Deminer’s accident and 1. Procedure taken by the team leader and the team 1 incident in case an accident or incident happens 2. Aim of the demining accident/incident investigation 3. Activities prior to the arrival of the police and the Board of Inquiry 4. Analyses of the lessons learned from the accidents 1.12. Practical exercise 1 1. Withdrawal, rendering safe and disarming the 3 mine (work with school and dummy mines) Practical exercise 2 1. Making the demolition charges, their setting and 3 activation 1.13. Mechanical preparation of 2. Intention, type and method of work 1 ground 3. BH Standard requirements 4. Documentation of work in the section leader’s diary 1.14. Locating mines by the use of 1. Intention and the method of EDD team’s work 1 EDDs 2. Safety measures and limitations of their use 3. Documentation and sketching the areas treated by EDD teams in the dog-handler’s and section leader’s reports Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I-3/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD TOTAL: 24 2. Survey, communication system, documentation and reports 2.1. Level 1., 2. And 3. Survey 1. General survey 1. - General 1 2. Level 2. Survey – technical 3. Level 3. Survey – final 2.2. Topographic maps 1. Meaning, name, mark (number of the map’s 1 sheet) scale (topographic maps, cadastral plans – maps and sketches) 2. Topographic signs and signs for mine contamination 3. Orientation of the map and setting up the datum point 4. Making sketches according to bearings and longitudes, along with grid references taken from the maps 2.3. Organisation of 1. Requirements for organisation of communication 1 communication, reports, on the site and the responsibilities of the section documentation on the site leader 2. Documentation on the site 3. Reports and signs 4. Filling in the daily report (diary) of the section leader TOTAL: 3 3. Knowledge of mines and UXO 3.1. Anti-personal mines 1. Types, intention of mines, characteristics 2 2. Fuses 3. Rendering safe and defusing procedures 3.2. Anti-tank mines 1. Types, intention of mines, characteristics 2 2. Fuses 3. 3. Rendering safe and defusing procedures 3.3. Booby traps 1. Intention of use 1 2. Most common methods of setting 3. Removal procedures 3.4. Unexploded ordnance 1. Types of UXO 1 2. Characteristics of UXO 3. Authorisation for removal TOTAL: 6 4. Medical support 4.1. Emergency first aid and 1. What does it encompass, 1 evacuation (CASEVAC) & 2. Team leader’s obligations related to medical medical evacuation support on the site (MEDEVAC) TOTAL: 1 5. Protective equipment 5.1. Visor, protective jacket, 1. Characteristics and possibilities of protection 1 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I-4/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD footwear etc. 2. Minimum protective equipment and the requirement of BH Standard TOTAL: 1 THE WHOLE: 35 III KNOWLEDGE TESTING AND GRADES 1. Knowledge testing 1.1. Evaluation test of knowledge and 3 grading TOTAL: 3 THE WHOLE COURSE: 40 REMARK: The participants of the course must have attended and passed the basic humanitarian demining course and posses additional organisational and managerial skills. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I-5/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH Standard Annex F Chapter I PLAN AND SYLLABUS FOR THE COURSE OF THE DEMINING SITES MONITORS THE COURSE PLAN DURATION It is estimated that this course will last for 10 working days, 8 lectures per day. Each lecture will last for 45 minutes. THE REVIEW OF THE TIME NEEDED FOR THE CONDUCT OF THE COURSE No of ENTIRE TIMING ACCORDING TO CONTENTS AND TOPICS lect. Hrs I General 3 II Topics 64 1. Demining 17 2. Safety and protection 4 3. Quality Assurance 4 4. Productivity 1 5. Demolition and removal of Explosive devices 8 6. Accident investigation and reporting 8 7. The use of EDD teams and mechanical equipment 8 8. Survey 7 9. Monitoring procedures 4 10. Information 3 III Exercises 8 IV Estimation of knowledge, grading and analyses 5 TOTAL: 80 COURSE SYLLABUS (CURRICULUM) I GENERAL SER. No of SUBJECT/TOPIC LECTURES lect. Hrs 1. General 1.1. Introduction 1. Administration 2. Welcoming speech 3. Introducing persons conducting the course 1 1.2. Plan and syllabus 1. Introduction to the course 2. Getting familiar with the planned topics according to days of the course 1 3. Getting familiar with the instruction booklets 4. Getting familiar with the monitoring structure of the organisation 1.3. Completion 1. Course analyses 2. Issuing certificates 1 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I-1/6 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH Standard TOTAL: 3 II COURSE TOPICS SER. No of SUBJECT/TOPIC LECUTRES lect. hrs 1. Demining 1.1. Demining terminology 1. Glossary of terms 1 1.2. Introduction into demining 1. Basic review of demining 1 management 2. Demining community structure in BiH 1.3. International Standards, BH 1. Contents and compliance Standard (Standard) and SOP 2. Accreditation – what is it and what are the 1 conditions 1.4. Safety, quality, productivity 1. Principles 2. What is safety? 3. What is quality? 1 4. What is productivity? 5. How these above operate together? 1.5. Mines 1. Intention, types and classification 2. Main parts, function and the way of activating 2 3. Procedures for rendering safe (locating, pulling, rendering safe, defusing and demolition) 1.6. UXO 1. Intention 2. Basic classification 1 3. Recognition 4. Procedures for safe removal 1.7. Marking (B Standard-Chapters II & 1. Intention, types and means VIII) 2. Minefield marking 2 3. Working marking 4. Final marking 1.8. Site organisation (BH Standard- 1. Planning, preparation and the layout Chapter III) 2. Designated areas and reference points 2 3. Practical task site layout 1.9. Manual operations (BH Standard- 1. Content of the basic clearance procedure Chapter III) 2. Details on the content of each procedure 3. Standard depth of excavating and requests for deeply buried explosive devices 4 4. Organisation of work at a demining site 5. Practical work in the working lane 1.10. Medical support (BH Standard - 1. Contents 1 Chapter X) 2. Procedures after an accident occurred 1.11. Communication system, 1. Requirements for communication system on site documentation and reporting (BH 2. Forms and documentation of the site 1 Standard-Chapter VII) 3. Site reports TOTAL: 17 2. Safety and protection Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I-2/6 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH Standard 2.1. Safety regulations (Standard – 1. General safety rules while clearing mines and Chapters II, III, IV & IX) UXO 2. Safety rules on site 3. Safety rules while marking 2 4. Safety rules in demining procedures 5. Safety rules while conducting demolition 2.2. Protective equipment 1. Needs, design and characteristics 2. Minimum protection, higher protection and the validity of equipment 3. Explanation of the explosive wave, fragmentation, 1 speed and the levels of protection. 4. Discuss analyses of accident and the protection 2.3. Tools and equipment 1. Requirements and characteristics 2. Usage 1 TOTAL: 4 3. Quality Assurance 3.1. Generally on QA 1. What is quality assurance? 2. How is it conducted? 1 3. Who is performing what and in what manner? 3.2. Quality Control 1. What is quality control? 2. How is it conducted? 1 3. Who is performing what and in what manner? 3.3. Quality Assurance (Standard- 1. Presentation Chapter XI) 2. Explanation 1 3.4. Quality control certificate 1. What does it represent? 2. Issued by whom and when? 1 TOTAL: 4 4. Productivity 4.1. Productivity in demining 1. Theoretically possible productivity (Annex B- Chapter XI) 1 2. Methods used, local conditions and actually possible productivity TOTAL: 1 5. Demolition and removal of explosive devices 5.1. Explosives and equipment 1. General terms on explosions and explosives 2. Types of explosives, initiating means and 1 initiation 3. Explanation of use during demolition 5.2. Demolitions (Stand. -Chapter IV) 1. Presentation 2. Explanation 1 5.3. UXO (Stand. -Chapter VI) 1. Presentation 2. Explanation 1 5.4. Safety rules (Standard-Chapter IV 1. Repeat the safety rules while conducting & VI) demolitions 1 2. Explain the safety rules while transporting and Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I-3/6 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH Standard storing explosives 5.5. Preparation for demolition 1. Explain the production of explosive charge, types of initiation and the types of connecting 2. Explain the estimation of the explosion wave 1 effects and explain protective works 5.6. Demolitions 1. Practical-production of explosive charges, setting, 3 initiating and checking the effects TOTAL: 8 6. Accident investigation and reporting 6.1. Accident investigation (Standard- 1. Presentation Chapter XIII) 2. Explanation 1 6.2. Investigation procedure (SOP-13 1. Initial report Deminer’s accident/incident 2. Convening the Board of Inquiry investigation) 3. Sequence of inquiry 4. How to conduct the enquiry 5. Find out why 2 6. Find out who did what 7. Reaching conclusions 8. Recommendations and lesson learned 9. How to make a report 6.3. Practical investigation 1. Practical exercises 2. Writing a report 3 6.4. Demining accidents lessons learned 1. Analysis of lessons learned 1 6.5. Accidents statistics 1. Real fact 2. Following the common pattern 1 TOTAL: 8 7. Use of EDDs and mechanical preparation of the ground 7.1. EDD (explosive detecting dog) 1. The use of EDD in demining 2. EDD team – dog handler and EDD 3. Care for EDD 4. Training 1 5. Qualifications and certification 6. Limitations of use 7. Search techniques 7.2. Use of EDDs (BH Standard-Chapter 1. Presentation XII) 2. Explanation 1 7.3. EDD team, practical exercise 1. The exercise of the search of the area – 2 observation 7.4. Mechanical preparation of the 1. History of machines ground for demining 2. Performance and limitations 1 3. Types of machines and use 7.5. Mechanical preparation of the 1. Presentation ground (BH Standard - Chapter 2. Explanation 1 XIV) 7.6. Integral demining 1. Rule and advantages 1 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I-4/6 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH Standard TOTAL: 8 8. Survey 8.1. Mine Survey ( BH Standard - 1. Introduction Chapter V) 2. Classification and contents 2 8.2. Technical survey 1. Methods of work 2. Declaring the area within technical survey 1 8.3. Survey – use of maps 1. Basic map reading 2. Sketches and maps (drawing) 3 3. Compass/GPS-usage 8.4. Survey exercise and map reading 1. Practical –producing the daily and final sketch 1 exercise TOTAL: 7 9. Monitoring Procedures 9.1. SOP for Monitoring 1. Contractor’s Requirements 2. Structure of a monitoring organisation 3. Monitors’ tasks on the site 3 4. Items and activities for the monitor’s control 5. Monitoring reports 9.2. Quality Control Team 1. Planning needs for Quality Control 2. Working Procedures 3. Quality Control reports 1 TOTAL: 4 10. Information 10.1. BH MAC database 1. What are information and their purpose 2. The purpose of BH MAC database 3. What information are gathered 1 4. How the information are added 10.2. Red and blue folder 1. Purpose 2. Content of information 1 3. Final information on demining task 10.3. Statistic data 1. Explain statistics 2. Explain their role in assurance and quality control 1 TOTAL: 3 THE WHOLE: 64 III EXERCISES 1. Exercises 1.1. Practical exercise No 1. 1. Demining site monitoring – safety, quality, (Demining site) productivity 2. Writing reports, measuring of daily progress and 8 sketching 3. Analyses of monitors’ notes from reports TOTAL: 8 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I-5/6 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH Standard IV ESTIMATION OF KNOWLEDGE, GRADING AND ANALYSES 1. Test and analyses 1.1. First written test 1. According to content of the first week’s topics 2. Checking tests 2 1.2. Second written test 1. According to content of the second week’s topics 2. Checking tests 2 1.3. Analyses of test 1. Analyses of test 2. Explaining the negative answers 1 3. Questions and responses TOTAL: 5 THE WHOLE OF HOURS FOR THE COURSE: 80 REMARK: All the participants of the course must have attended and passed the basic humanitarian demining course and posses adequate organisational and managerial skills. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I-6/6 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D Annex G Chapter I HOUSE CLEARANCE PLAN AND SYLLABUS COURSE PLAN DURATION It is estimated that this course will last for minimum of 3 working days, 8 lectures per day. Each lecture will last for 45 minutes. The course attendees must have passed basic humanitarian demining course. THE REVIEW OF THE TIME NEEDED FOR THE CONDUCT OF THE COURSE Entire timing according to contents and topics No of lectures I General 2 II Topics 20 1. Demining - House Clearance 11 2. Communication, recording and reporting 1 3. Knowledge of mines, UXO and booby traps 6 4. Medical support 1 5. Equipment and tools 1 III Estimation of knowledge and grading 2 Total: 24 COURSE SYLLABUS I GENERAL SER. SUBJECT/TOPIC LČECTURES No of hrs 1. General 1.1. Introduction and familiarisation 1. Administration with the course syllabus 2. Course introduction and presentation of lecturers 1 3. Topics planned per day, distribution of plan, technical manuals and equipment 1.2. Course analysis, issuing diplomas 1 and giving back equipment TOTAL: 2 II SUBJECT MATTER OF THE COURSE SER. SUBJECT/TOPIC LECTURES No of hrs 1. Demining – House Clearance Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I- 1/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D 1.1. Organisation of work for deminers 1. Responsibilities 1 and sections 2. Two-men-team work in houses 3. Order and discipline 1.2. Task site layout 1. Task site layout survey 1 2. Particularities in task site layout related to the places where houses are 1.3. Conduct of clearance 1. House access clearance, around the 2 house and inside 2. Finding booby traps 3. Marking booby traps found and procedures of removal 4. Cleared areas marking, marking of furniture and the entire house 5. Particularities in clearing devastated houses 1.4. Practical exercises 1. Section’s work on the task site layout 6 and house clearance TOTAL: 11 2. Communication and Reporting 2.1. Organisation of communication, 1. Organisation of communication on 1 records and reports site 2. Records and reports TOTAL: 1 3. Booby traps 3.1. Booby traps 1. Intention 2 2. Means for production and their use 3. Fuses for production of booby traps 4. Classical explosive devices as booby traps 5. Improvised booby traps 6. Most usual methods of setting in houses (experiences) 3.2. AP and AT mines 1. Types, characteristics and possible 1 use as booby traps 3.3. Unexploded ordnance 1. Types of UXO (basic division), basic 1 characteristics and possible use as booby traps 3.4. Booby traps demolition 1. Safety measures 2 2. Estimation of charge for safe demolition or opening mouse holes (entrances) 3. Protective works for diminishing possible destruction effects 4. Demolition exercise TOTAL: 6 4. Medical support Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I - 2/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D 4.1. First aid and basic first aid 1. Particularities in injuries gained by 1 procedures, evacuation to the booby traps and providing first aid ambulance and the hospital 2. Extrication of injured from the (CASEVAC and MEDEVAC) accident site to the safe area and to the ambulance Reanimation of injured and transport to the hospital TOTAL: 1 5. Equipment and tools 5.1. House clearance equipment and 1. Basic deminer’s and other necessary 1 tools equipment and tools TOTAL: 1 GRAND 20 TOTAL: III ESTIMATION OF KNOWLEDGE AND GRADING 1. Written and practical tests 1.1. Test 1. Knowledge of booby traps and fuses 1 1.2. Practical exercise 1. Locating booby trap 1 TOTAL: 2 GRAND TOTAL FOR THE COURSE: 24 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I - 3/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D Annex H Chapter I UXO TEAM LEADER COURSE PLAN AND PROGRAMME COURSE PLAN DURATION This curriculum implies the minimum 1 working day of the course, 8 classes. Every course class is to last 45 minutes. Course is a continuation of a basic UXO course. REVIEW OF TIME NECESSARY FOR THE COURSE TO BE HELD Entire course duration according to topics and subjects No of hrs I General 1 II Topics 7 1. UXO operations 6 2. Recording and reporting 1 Total: 8 COURSE PROGRAMME I GENERAL Ser. SUBJECT/TOPIC LECUTRES NO OF HRS 1. General part 1.1. Introduction 1. Introduction to the course, topics and 0,5 introducing personnel leading the course 2. General responsibilities of the managerial staff 1.2. Grading, analysis and issuing 0,5 diplomas TOTAL: 1 II COURSE TOPICS Ser. SUBJECT / TOPIC LECTURES No of hrs 1. UXO operations 1.1. Introduction 1. What UXO encompass 1 2. International Standards and BH Standard 3. Demining organisation SOP Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I–1/2 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D 1.2. Organisation of the team and 1. General on organisation of work 1 safety measures in UXO 2. UXO team structure operation 3. Responsibilities of the team members 4. General and specific safety measures 5. Team leader’s procedure in case of demining accident or incident 1.3. Equipment and tools 1. Contents of equipment and tools for UXO 1 operations 2. Requirements of the Standard related to equipment and tools 3. Usage and maintenance of equipment and tools 4. Usage of marking means (pickets, tape, mine signs, base stick…) 1.4. Content of basic procedures of 1. Receiving information about located UXO 2 work in a UXO operation 2. Making documentation –Combined Report on tasking, survey and UXO removal (hereinafter UXO report) 3. If necessary, surveying location in order to state the type of UXO and the total estimation for successful conduct of UXO operation 4. Notifying the team with all information and individual tasks about the stated UXO operation on the ground 5. Task site layout (particularities) and safety measures 6. Realisation of the operation by the UXO team (destruction of UXO on situ or another designated demolition site) 7. Filling in part 4. of the UXO report 1.5. Quality Control (QC) 1. Internal quality control of the team 1 leader’s work and the person in charge for QA from demining organisation 2. External quality control by MAC inspections, monitoring or other supervision structure TOTAL: 6 2. Recording and Reporting 2.1. Combined report on tasking, 1. Contents and filling in the form, according 1 survey and ED removal to example provided 2. Submission of report on realisation of a UXO task TOTAL: 1 TOTAL: 7 GRAND TOTAL FOR THE COURSE: 8 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I– 2/2 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D Annex I Chapter I DOG HANDLER COURSE PLAN AND SYLLABUS COURSE PLAN DURATION This plan and syllabus estimates that this course will last 51 working days as a minimum, with 8 working hours per day, every lecture lasting for 45 minutes. Candidates who have already finished basic demining course or if the stated topic is planned along with its course may attend. Plan and syllabus encompass the topics of dog handler training with his dog that has finished basic training in obedience and tracking explosives. Subject matter of this syllabus marked with *, presents necessary topics for re-training (when a trained dog handler must work with another EDD) or additional training for both dog handler or his EDD after a long winter or another pause, when the training must be intensified prior to demining season’s start as well as check the EDD team capability within the demining organisation or other specialised organisation for EDD training. PREGLED POTREBNOG VREMENA ZA ODRŽAVANJE KURSA Entire course duration according to topics and subjects No of hrs I General 8 *(1) II Topics: -Theoretical part 44 *(7) 1. Introduction 1 *(1) 2. Safety measures 4 *(1) 3. Equipment 3 4. Health 8 *(1) 5. Conditional reflex 4 *(1) 6. Obedience 6 *(1) 7. Searching 10 *(1) 8. Professional training 8 *(1) III Topics:-Practical part 326 *(107) 1. Introduction 2 *(1) 2. Familiarisation with dogs 20 *(5) 3. Brushing dogs and body inspection 42 *(4) 4. Disinfecting of cage and equipment 22 *(3) 5. Obedience exercises 60 *(14) 6. Training on designated training areas 184 *(80) III Knowledge checkups and grading capabilities 26 *(5) Total: 408 *(120) Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I-, 1/6 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D COURSE SYLLABUS I GENERAL PART SER. SUBJECT / TOPICS LECUTRES No of hrs 1. General part 1.1. Introduction 1. Administration 2. Introduction to the course and presenting personnel leading the course 3. Importance of using EDD teams in 3 demining 4. Organisation of demining community in BH and its structure 5. Responsibilities 6. Employment conditions etc. 1.2. Familiarisation with the 1. Planned topics according to contents 1 course syllabus and days 2. Equipping attendees with the course plan and manuals 1.3. Taking and returning 2 equipment 1.4. Analysis of the course and 2 issuing diplomas TOTAL: 8 *(1) II COURSE SYLLABUS: - THEORETICAL PART SER. SUBJECT / TOPICS LECTURES No of hrs 1. Indroduction 1.1. Obligations and 1. Obligations and responsibilities during 1 responsibilities of dog and at completion of the course handler 2. Familiarisation with syllabus of theoretical training TOTAL: 1 *(1) 2. Safety measures Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I- 2/6 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D 2.1. Safety measures while 1. Activities within the area for dogs’ 3 working with EDD lodgings, while entering and exiting into their accommodation area, when putting them into their boxes, boarding on and off the transport vehicles, transportation, walking EDDs, visiting veterinarian, on site during breaks and rest etc. 2. Limitations related to the local conditions (soil, vegetation, temperature, strength of the wind, chemical vapours etc.) 2.2. Emergency first aid and 1. Possibility of EDD being injured or 1 evacuation killed 2. Evacuation and aiding the dog on a safe area and in the vet station 3. Putting dog away TOTAL: 4 *(1) 3. Equipment 3.1. EDD equipment and its 1. Content of equipment 2 maintenance 2. Intention and usage 3. Daily equipment check 4. Reparations 3.2. Sanitary measures 1. Daily clearing of cages and equipment 1 2. Weekly disinfecting of kennels, transport cages and equipment TOTAL: 3 4. Health measures 4.1. Care for EDD 1. Procedures of brushing and body 4 inspection (nose, mouth, paws and legs, genital and anal region) 2. First aid with: bleeding, heat wave, shock, fracture, burning, blow, foreign objects in mouth, poisonous substances (medications, explosives etc), snakebites etc. 3. Medical equipment and medications used for healing dogs 4. Procedure of giving medications 5. Feeding and watering (energetic needs for calories, special diets, time of nutrition, need for water) 4.2. Symptoms and measures of 1. Parasite diseases (hook, round, whippy, 2 control for parasite diseases and other types of worms and maggots, and infection flees, mite) 2. Control of diseases, recognition and prevention 4.3. Infective diseases in dogs 1. Diseases that might harm dog’s health 2 (distemper, hepatitis, letpospirosis, Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I- 3/6 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D madness and other infective diseases) 2. Prevention and healing of infective diseases TOTAL: 8 *(1) 5. Conditional Reflex 5.1. Basic needs of dogs 1. What does conditional reflex 1 encompass and how it is estimated based on its grade? Based on the acting estimation, what is the logical planned action for correction in dog’s behaviour? 2. Basic needs (oxygen, water, food, hunting hunch, social needs) 5.2. Sensor system 1. Contents of sensor system (a difference 2 notified just yet: sight, hearing, sniffing, pressure, position, taste, balance, vibrations, inside receptors) 5. 3. Endangering basic feelings 1. Factors which endanger basic feelings 1 TOTAL: 4 *(1) 6. Obedience 6.1. Methods for extracting 1. Significance of method 4 responses 2. Definition of final response 3. Methods of successful shaping 4. Conditioning techniques 5. Start of training with dog 6. Time factor of positive / negative enforcement of training 7. Training techniques: exercises of avoiding negative responses by using pressure, awarding training 8. Significance of award 6.2. Obedience commands 1. What are the commands and when do 2 we use them 2. Basic obedience 3. Medium obedience TOTAL: 6 *(1) 7. Searching 7.1. Training means 1. Types of means we use 2 2. Size of means 3. Number of means 7.2. Searching areas 1. Searching areas: open areas, areas with 2 objects, roads, railroads, power lines etc. 2. Search of areas with or without previous mechanical preparation 7.3. Searching methods 1. Start of search 6 2. Search with or without a leash 3. Search with short or long leash 4. Straight-line box search with or without Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I- 4/6 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D tapes 5. Free running search (zig - zag) or by division of box into smaller areas 6. Straight – line search of a forming working lane TOTAL: 10 *(1) 8. Professional training 8.1. Professional training 1. Training areas 6 requirements 2. Number of hidden targets for training 3. Specific locations 4. Types of mines / UXO used 5. Part of day when exercises are done 6. Period in time for setting targets 7. Variety in setting targets (height and depth) 8. Follow up of the progress etc. 8.2. Positive EDD reaction 1. Behaving changes 2 2. Right – safe reaction 3. Confirmation of reaction 4. Validity testing TOTAL: 8 *(1) GRAND TOTAL: 44 *(6) III SYLLABUS – PRACTICAL PART 1 Introduction 1. Aim 2 *(1) 2. Contents of practical part 3. Connection with theoretical part 2 Familiarisation with the dog 1. Making contact 20 *(5) 2. Walking without commands 3. Walking with using parts of commands 3. Brushing dogs and inspection 1. Practical presentation of brushing and 42 *(4) of dog’s body body inspection 2. Daily practical presentation of brushing and body inspection 3. Analysis and removal of spotted mistakes 4. Disinfecting the cage and 1. Practical demonstration of cage and 22 *(3) equipment equipment disinfecting 2. Weekly practical conduct of cage and equipment disinfecting 3. Analysis and removal of spotted mistakes 5. Obedience exercises 1. Practising obedience in site 60 *(14) 2. Practising obedience through walks 3. Practising obedience through searches 4. Analysis and removal of spotted mistakes 6. Training on designated 1. Training in search from easier towards 184 *(80) training areas more complex method Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I- 5/6 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D 2. Training on areas similar to real local conditions 3. Trainings in search of areas by methods of EDD search incorporated in SOP 4. Training of emergency medical aid and evacuation 5. Records on searches 6. Analysis of training and removal of spotted mistakes TOTAL: 326 *(107) IV ESTIMATION OF KNOWLEDGE AND GRADING 1. Written and practical tests 1.1. Test and analysis According to syllabus of theoretical part 2 1.2. First practical exercise Capability of EDD in obedience and further 8 analysis 1.3. Second practical exercise Capabilities of EDD in obedience search, 8 indicating targets and further analysis. 1.4. Third final check Capability of EDD team on an assigned test 8 *(5) area and analysis TOTAL: 26 *(5) GRAND TOTAL FOR THE COURSE: 408 *(120) Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I- 6/6 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D Annex J Chapter I SURVEYORS COURSE PLAN AND SYLLABUS COURSE PLAN DURATION It is estimated that this course plan and syllabus will last 6 working days as a minimum, 8 hours per day, every lecture duration 45 minutes. This course may be attended by candidates who already passed basic humanitarian demining course and who have adequate experience in demining. REVIEW OF TIME NEEDED FOR THE COURSE TO BE HELD Entire course duration according to topics and subjects No of hrs I General 2 II Topics 42 1. Survey 37 2. Knowledge of mines and UXO 3 3. Communications 1 4. Medical training 1 III Estimation of knowledge and grading 4 Total: 48 COURSE SYLLABUS I GENERAL PART SER. SUBJECT / TOPIC LECTURES No of hrs 1. General Part 1.1. Introduction 1. Introduction to the course, topics and presenting personnel leading the course 2. Organisation of demining community in BH and its structure 1 3. General responsibilities of the managerial staff 1.2. Analysis of the course and issuing 1 diplomas TOTAL: 2 II COURSE TOPICS SER. SUBJECT / TOPIC LECUTRES No o hrs 1. Survey 1.1. Introduction 1. General on Survey 1 2. Division Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I- 1/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D 1.2. General Survey 1. Aim 2 2. Team and responsibilities 3. Working equipment 4. Survey report and project documentation 1.3. Technical survey 1. Aim 1 2. Team and equipment 3. Methods of work and declarations of areas 4. Survey report 1.4. Completion / Final Survey 1. Aim 1 2. Who conducts it and what is to be documented 1.5. Types and means for marking 1. Division of marking 2 during survey 2. Marking pickets 3. Mine tape 4. Mine marking signs 5. Datum point marker 6. Signs for turning point – metal poles (or regular nails) 1.6. General Survey Procedure 1. Task (issuing, reviewing and 4 estimation for realisation) 2. Gathering information according to criteria contents 3. Reliability of information and checking possible sources 4. Urgent marking of accesses to stated mined areas 5. Making sketches with classification of surveyed areas and setting grid references 6. Production of project documentation for the task 7. Technical opinion about area without obvious risk 1.7. GPS 1. Description, main parts and usage 8 2. Setting grid references for points on the ground 3. Maintenance 1.8. Compass 1. Compass description and usage 1 2. Setting datum point, bearing and distance using compass 1.9. Topographic map 1. Definition, name, sign (map sheet 1 number) scale (topographic maps, cadastral plans –maps and sketches) 2. Topographic signs and signs of mine contamination 3. Map orientation and setting the datum point 1.10. Practical exercising: 1. Usage of 1. Preparation for work 8 GPS 2. Practical work on setting the grid Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I- 2/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D references on the ground 1.11. Practical exercise: 1. General 1. Studying assigned GS task 8 survey team working on general 2. Studying existing BH MAC database survey documentation 3. Going on the ground, checking the existing and gathering new information 4. Urgent marking of accesses towards stated mined areas 5. Production of project documentation for further mine action TOTAL: 37 2. Knowledge of mines and UXO 2.1. AP and AT mines 1. Types and intention of mines 1 2. Characteristics of mines 3. Fuses 2.2. Booby traps 1. Intention 1 2. Most common methods of setting 2.3. Unexploded ordnance (UXO) 1. Types of UXO 1 2. Basic characteristics for recognition TOTAL: 3 3. Communication 3.1. Organisation of communication 1. Types of communication 1 2. Organisation of communication in survey TOTAL: 1 4. Medical training 4.1. Injuries and procedures of 1. Types of injuries 1 providing emergency medical aid 2. Procedure with hearth and breathing disorders 3. Procedures for stopping bleedings 4. Procedures for immobilisation of bone fractures 5. Procedures with a heath wave 6. Procedure with a snake bite 7. Particularities of providing medical aid in a minefield TOTAL: 1 GRAND 35 TOTAL: III ESTIMATION OF KNOWLEDGE AND GRADING 1. Written and practical test 1.1. Knowledge test Depending on course topics 3 1.2. Analysis of test 1 TOTAL: 4 GRAND TOTAL FOR THE COURSE: 48 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I- 3/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D Annex K Chapter I PLAN AND SYLLABUS FOR THE MECHANICAL PREPARATION MACHINE OPERATOR PLAN COURSE DURATION It is estimated with this plan and syllabus that the course should last at least 3 working days, with 8 lecture hours per day. Each lecture will last for 45 minutes. The candidates who already passed the basic humanitarian demining course and having driving license of minimum ‘’B’’ category, with adequate demining experience, will attend this course. REVIEW OF TIME NEEDED FOR THE COURSE TO BE HELD Entire course duration according to topics and subjects No of hrs I General part 1 II Topics 22 1. Mechanical preparation of areas for demining 18 2. Knowledge of mines and UXO 2 3. Communications 1 4. Medical training 1 III Estimation of knowledge and grading 1 Total: 24 COURSE SYLLABUS I GENERAL PART SER. SUBJECT / TOPIC LECTURES No of hrs 1. General part 1.1. Introduction 1. Introduction to the course and presentation of personnel conducting the course 2. General responsibilities of managerial 1 staff 3. Analysis of course and issuing diplomas TOTAL: 1 II COURSE SUBJECT MATTER SER. SUBJECT / TOPICS LECTURES No of hrs 1. Mechanical preparation of areas 1.1. Introduction 1. General on mechanical preparation of 1 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I- 1/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D areas for demining 2. Types of machines and basic division 3. Usage 1.2. Mechanical preparation machines 1. Characteristics of a particular machine 2 used for training 2. Basic parts and intention 3. Work of particular parts of machine 4. Checkups and maintenance 1.3. Work with the machine 1. Task site layout 4 2. Safety measures 3. Limitations of a machine’s use 4. Work according to SOP stated procedures 5. Procedure in case of stopping or a breakdown 6. Procedure in case of fire on a machine 7. Procedure in case of an accident 1.4. Reporting 1. Daily report on mechanical preparation 1 of an area (contents, record of explosions and visual tracking of surface thrown mines or their parts) 1.10. Practical exercise: Work with a 1. Preparations for work 10 machine on mechanical 2. Practical work on the ground preparation of the ground for (maintenance of overlap, depth of demining ground disturbance etc.) 3. Daily checkups of the machine (before, during and after its use) 4. Extrication with the machine etc. TOTAL: 18 2. Knowledge of mines and UXO 2.1. AP and AT mines, booby traps 1. Types and intention 1 2. Characteristics 3. Fuses 2.2. Unexploded ordnance 1. Types of UXO 1 2. Basic characteristics for recognition TOTAL: 2 3. Communication 3.1. Organisation of communication 1. Types of communication 1 2. Organisation of communication in mechanical preparation 3. Working with VHF devices TOTAL: 1 4. Medical training Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I- 2/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D 4.1. Injuries and procedures or 1. Types of injuries 1 providing emergency first aid 2. Procedures with heart and breathing disorder 3. Procedure for stopping bleedings 4. Procedures for immobilisation of bone fractures 5. Procedures with a heat wave 6. Procedure with a snake bite 7. Particularities of providing medical aid in a minefield TOTAL: 1 GRAND 22 TOTAL: III ESTIMATION OF KNOWLEDGE AND GRADING 1. Practical exercise 1.1. Work on a machine Knowing, handling, working procedure and 1 maintenance TOTAL: 1 GRAND TOTAL FOR THE COURSE: 24 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre I- 3/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D Chapter II MARKING: MINED AREAS AND TASK SITES INTRODUCTION 1. Marking of suspect and mined areas is required to create a visual demarcation between safe and suspect or mined areas, warning of the presence of mines. Mine marking is to involve mine signs at points of access and where possible the construction of physical barriers to warn and prevent people and livestock from entering suspect or mined area. AIM 2. The aim of this standard is to define the Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre minimum requirements for task site and mined area marking. SCOPE 3. This document addresses the requirements for marking the hazardous areas during survey, EOD and mine clearance operations. It closely corresponds with Chapters Manual Operations, Survey and Cleared Area Handover. Mine marking and fencing are required: a. To control entry to a suspect area thought or known to contain mines, b. To demarcate the boundary of a mined area, c. To mark the extent and progress of a clearance operation; and d. To mark the boundaries of an area that has been cleared. TYPES OF MARKING 4. Marking systems are used for the following reasons: mined area marking as a warning to population, task site marking for the technical personnel using the area throughout the demining operations, cleared area marking for the final users, as well we for the possible necessity of re- establishing the parameters of areas cleared. A) MINED AREAS MARKING 5. Following marking systems are used depending on the emergency and the planned duration of the marking systems: a. Emergency marking. This type of marking suspect or mined areas is to provide immediate visual warning that areas are suspected to be or are mine contaminated. This warning must be clearly recognisable from a distance of at least fifty (50) metres and be positioned across points of access of lines of approach to a suspect area. General survey teams, MAW and other personnel conduct it. Emergency marking of suspect areas is conducted with local material (such as crossed sticks, piles of stones) and standard mine marks should be used for suspect area marking. This type of marking should withstand up to six months without maintenance. The location of all types of emergency marking must be reported to the nearest Regional BH MAC office to facilitate additional survey and marking. b) Semi permanent marking is somewhat lasting visual barrier that is positioned to a clearly distinguishing perimeter enclosing the safe and the suspect/mined area. This type of marking should withstand, without maintenance, all weather conditions up to one year. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre II - 1/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D Depending on estimation, boundary of suspect or mine area will be marked with permanent mine signs only and/or with standard semi permanent mine fence. If standard mine signs are used for semi permanent marking, in areas where the population movement is rare, than those present permanent visual marking and are obligatory set on access roads, while on the other parts the distance between them is to be maximum 50 metres, so that one sign is visible from the place where another is placed. Depending on estimation, semi permanent marking may be combined with permanent mine signs and marking with the semi permanent mine fence. Mine signs are shown in Annex A while semi permanent marking of minefields in Annex B. c) Permanent marking / Fencing This type of marking of mined or suspect areas is done where there is frequent movement of people and livestock, while demining operations will not start immediately. Permanent marking must be visual, and if estimated, physical barrier for the movement of people and livestock. This type of marking/fencing should withstand all weather conditions from one to five years. Permanent marking as a visual barrier may encompass visual marking of access to suspect or mined areas, using mine signs only at maximum distance of 50 metres, i.e. that one sign is visible from another one’s position. Where it is estimated that movement of population and livestock is frequent, permanent marking is to be done as shown in Annex B. Depending on estimation, permanent marking can be combined with permanent mine signs and fencing using permanent minefield fence. B) TASK SITE MARKING d) Marking — operational sites This marking system is used for marking safe areas, cleared areas and uncleared areas on a site where demining is being carried out. Stakes, mine tape, rope, mine signs and base sticks are to be used for this marking system. Task site marking shown at Annex C. C) CLEARED AREAS MARKING e) After demining operations are over, cleared area is to be marked in accordance to Chapter VIII, Annex D. 6. For minefield marking, pickets, mine signs, mine tape —rope or wire (Annex B) will be used, while for additional marking on operational site a base stick will be used as well. When purchasing items for marking, take into account that marking items should withstand weather conditions needed and that they are of no commercial value. Through mine awareness programme inform local population about the significance of mine marking and about possible hazards of its removal. COORDINATION 7. Survey and marking teams conduct their activities in accordance to set of state regulations and their own BH MAC approved SOP. For the safety of mine marking and its reconstruction and maintenance, each and every marking of a mined area must be done within the perimeters of safe or cleared area. 8. After mine marking is done, the organisation shall inform the authority representatives of the area (CP representative of the area) and handover the marking done for maintenance. Make record with the sketch attached about the marking done where details will be contained about marking and obligation to maintain it until the mine threat is removed by the demining operations of clearance or technical survey. The copy of this record is submitted to the BH MAC archives. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre II - 2/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D ANNEXES: Annex A: Mine signs Annex B: Semi permanent and permanent marking of the minefield Annex C: Marking — operational site Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre II - 3/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Annex A Chapter II MINE SIGNS 1. There are two basic mine sign shapes and those are the square one and the triangular one. This is for simplicity and they do not conform to most background shape and are also suitable for nailing to a post or hanging on a fence. Adopted shape and design of a mine sign in Bosnia and Herzegovina is as follows: a. Size: Minimum size of a square mine warning sign is to be 25x25 cm x 2 mm thick, and the triangular type should be at least 28 wide along the top edge and 20 cms on the two sides. The minimum size of mine signs ensures that it is clearly visible at a distance of at least 50 metres. b. Symbols. The skull and cross-bones symbol is an internationally recognized symbol for warning of danger. It visually depicts death or serious injury and has to be on all the mine signs. c. Colour. The background colour of the front of the sign must be red with the scull and the crossbones symbols and any words in white. The reverse side of the sign is to be white. The red side is to be visible from the outside the minefield (from the safe area), while the white side is visible from inside the minefield. 2. Languages. “Danger / Mines” are the only two words to be used on mine signs and should be printed in the two scripts that are in use in Bosnia and Herzegovina and in English. The word “MINES” is to be in bold lettering, so as to be easily identified at a distance of at least 25 metres. The lettering are to be white, to contrast with the red background/ 3. Materials. As a minimum requirement, all signs should be able to withstand the local environment and weather conditions without deterioration for a period of at least a year. Recommended marking for 5 years or be a part of a maintainance programme. 28 cm 25 cm MI N E MINE MINE MINE M M I I 25 cm 20 cm N N E E MINE MINE Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre II – 1/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Annex B Chapter II SEMI-PERMANENT AND PERMANENT MINEFILED MARKING 1. Standard minefield fence is to be made of 1,5m high stakes painted in alternating red and white. Stakes are to be fastened with a mine tape, cord or a wire at the height of 0.25 cms and 1.25 cms from the surface of the ground. Mine signs are to be put at the height of 1.25cms. This fence is meant to be used for both semi-permanent and permanent minefield marking. a. Semi-permanent marking. Wooden or plastic stakes are posted at a miximum distance of 8 metres from each other. The are to be fastened with plastic mine tape, rope or barbed wire. Mine signs are to be used nailed or tied to stakes. Mine signs are to be at a maximum 16 metres distance from each other. This marking system is easily visible and sufficient as a warning for people that there is a mine hazard. b. Permanent marking. Metal or concrete stakes are left in the ground at maximum distance of 15m from each other. They are to be fastened with barbed wire with mine signs on. This marking system is both a physical and visual barrier to the movement of humans and livestock. The sketch of a minefield fence is shown on the picture bellow. max. 15 m max. 15 m 1,5 m 1m 0.25 m Ground level Permanent marking detail with a standard minefield fence Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre II – 2/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Annex C Chapter II MARKING – OPERATIONAL SITES The following are used in this marking system: 1. Marking pickets/posts/stakes. Boundaries between all designated areas, lanes and reference points at a mine clearance site will be marked with wooden pickets/posts/stakes. Pickets used in this marking system are short ones of minimum 0.5m height and tall ones of minimum 1.2 – 1.5m height from the ground level. The top 10 cm of the pickets are to be painted depending on their use: a. Red Tipped. Clearly identify a boundary between cleared and uncleared areas. 1. Short pickets of minimum 0.5 height from the ground level are to be used for marking the working lanes. They are to be set at a maximum distance of 2 metres from each other, fastened with a mine tape at the ground level. These pickets are also intended to be used crossed when closing the entrance to a working lane where a mine or UXO is found. Their use is also in identifying the final point of unfinished working lanes. 2. Tall pickets. Starting from control area, tall pickets of 1.2 – 1.5m are to be used for marking the access lane while the same marking system continues in marking the safe lane and sides of the cleared area. They are to be set at a maximum distance of 6 metres from each other. Tall pickets are to be fastened to each other with a mine tape at a height under the red top. In areas with strong winds blowing, tape can be fastened at the ground level. These pickets are used as well for marking the access lane to the daily explosives storage. Explosive storage itself is to marked with these pickets. A 100 metres long access lane is marked with tall red tipped pickets since the PPE is an obligation from 100 metres of the minefield. b. White Tipped Indicate all other task site boundaries: (1) Short 0.5m pickets are used for final marking of the cleared area, including all the turning points at every 50 metres in direction. These pickets can also be used for marking the turning points of the sampled cleared area during internal or external quality control. They are to be removed when the task is completed. (2) Tall 1.2 – 1.5 m pickets are used for marking the administrative area, providing it does not border with the suspect area. They are to be placed at a maximum distance of 6 metres from each other, tape fastened under the white painted top. In areas with strong winds blowing, tape can be fastened at the ground level. c. Yellow tipped. Short 0.5 m pickets above the ground level, indicate the location of destroyed mines or UXOs. These pickets can be used as an aid for drawing the type and location of mines found into the final sketch (level 3). Remark: When an area to be marked is in rocky area, stones are used. They are to be painted depending on their use while the mine tape is to be attached under them. 2. Mine tape. Mine tape is used for fastening to the pickets that indicate particular areas of the site. 3. Mine signs. While marking the operational task site, mine signs are to be put on all sides of minefield, at a maximum distance of 50m from each other. 4. Clearance/working lanes Both sides of a lane are to be marked with base stick and a tape laid on ground level and attached to 0.5m stakes. The stakes are to be at a maximum 2 metres distance from each other. At the end of a working day, final point of the working lane cleared is to be closed Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre II-3/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD with the mine tape instead of base stick. 5. Mines. When a mine is located, it is to be marked by placing a mine / UXO marker in/or on the ground, 15cm before it, in the cleared area. 6. Base stick. Base stick is used during clearance procedure identifying the ultimate border between the cleared and uncleared area in the clearance lane. It is a square shaped minimum 1.2 m long, maximum diameter width of 2.5 cm.; 1 m long middle is painted red with 10 cm on each side painted white. Red part is identifying the total width of clearance lane while the white tipped ends identify the overlap cleared along with clearing the lane. -Marking stakes 1.2 – 1.5m 0.5m -Base stick 1m 1.2m Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre II-4/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD -Marker for locating the mine / UXO found MINE 50 cm Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre II-5/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D Chapter III TASK SITE LAYOUT AND MANUAL OPERATIONS INTRODUCTION 1. Methods and techniques outlined in manual humanitarian demining operations are designed to ensure quality of the area cleared, safety of personnel and equipment, effectiveness and flexibility in all types of terrain in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Geography of the terrain along with the principles of humanitarian demining will dictate the task site organisation as well as manual demining operations. AIM 2. The aim is to set procedures for task site humanitarian manual clearance operations, for the searching, locating and destroying mines / UXO. The procedures conveyed are to comply with the required of the cleared area set by BH Standard and to gain the trust from the final user of area cleared. SCOPE 3. Task site organisation and manual operations are tightly connected through the whole of humanitarian demining activities. Methods and techniques outlined in this Standard are designed to increase effectiveness, flexibility, safety of personnel and equipment as well as the requested quality of the area cleared. All the procedures and experiences gained from practice that are used in working lanes must be thoroughly described within Standing Operational Procedures document (SOP). 4. Demining organisations are to detail in their SOP planned team structure for the site, in accordance with the demining activities (a platoon / a section for technical survey, manual clearance, mechanical preparation of the ground, use of EDD teams, house clearance, and removal of explosive ordnance. According to this structure, individual responsibilities of the personnel from the planned structure is to be detailed (site manager, team leader, deminer, surveyor, medical orderly, dog handler etc.). TASK SITE ORGANISATION 5. The standardisation of all task site layouts and organisation in accordance to SOPs is paramount to safe operations. As a minimum, each of the sites must have the following: properly marked designated areas, lanes, points and lines within each site, which will provide a clear boundary between cleared and uncleared areas as well as set limits to the safe movement of the team personnel. REMARK: All areas in a demining task-site are to be located on safe or previously cleared area. 6. Task site designated areas: a) Control Point. A point from which a site manager can control operations, do administration and receive visitors. b) Vehicle Park. An area large enough to accommodate the mine clearance organisation’s and visitor’s vehicles. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre III - 1/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D c) Stores and equipment area. An area where all the team’s equipment is stored. A metal free area for detector testing is to be selected within this area or close to it and marked properly. d) Medical Area. A properly equipped area occupied by a medical orderly with a designated vehicle. e) Rest Area. An area used by deminers during their breaks for resting and meals. There is to be sufficient space on the area for preparation of equipment, painting stakes etc.). f) Latrine. Latrines are to be located in the vicinity of rest areas. g) EDD team test area. An area where an organisation using EDD teams conducts daily EDD check. All the above mentioned designated areas should not be closer than 100 m from the minefield. In case of a natural or artificial shelter, his distance can be shortened, but it can never be less than 50 metres. h) Access lane. All access lanes (routes) must be marked and be a minimum of two metres wide. i) Explosive Storage Area. A designated area for daily storage of explosives. It will be a minimum of 25 metres away from any other area. j) Detector testing area. A metal free area of minimum 1 x 1 metre, located within safe areas. k) Metal Collecting Pit. An area of minimum 1 x 1 metres, 30cms deep. Located in the safe / cleared areas. All metal removed from working lanes is to be placed within these. l) Demolition Area. Any location within a working lane where UXO or mine was found, or other designated demolition area. m) Sentry Points. Will be sited on route towards the danger area throughout the clearance operation. 7. Defined task-site references: a. Datum Point. A clearly identifiable fixed marker on the start line from which all task sites measurements are taken. b. Datum Line. A fixed line runs through the datum point. This is the dividing line between the uncleared area and clear area. c. Safe lane. Safe or cleared lane, minimum of 2 metres in width. The lane from which mine / UXO clearance begins. d. Start line. Line that overlaps with the datum point at the moment clearance begins. e. Start Point. The spot on the start line where every deminer starts work in his clearance lane. f. Intermediate Line. A line forward of the start line where working lanes finish and new clearance lanes begin. g. Working lane. A lane where a deminer is working. h. Landmark. A permanent fixed feature outside a mined area that is recognisable on a map. All measurements to the Datum point are made from this landmark. REMARK: Typical examples of task –site layouts are shown in Annexes A and B. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre III - 2/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D MANUAL OPERATIONS — CLAEARANCE PROCEDURES 8. Basic Manual Demining Procedure. Procedures of work in a working lane will be dictated by the vegetation, type of soil, metal contamination, type of mines and else. This is the recommended sequence of basic manual demining procedures for clearing the mined area: a) Tripwire feeler (antenna) procedure for searching tripwires. If the vegetation permits, this procedure is conducted with a deminer starting from crouched or kneeling position, moving the tripwire along the ground, forward of the base stick and raised slowly above vegetation. This is repeated three times, to the left, center and right zones of the lane. As a tripwire feeler a straight steel wire is to be used, of 3-4 mm in diameter, with operational part from 0.6 to 0.8 m. Front part of the feeler is to be slightly bended upwards while the back part must have a loop — handle. b) Tripwire procedure using visual and touch check. The search is done using the eyes and hands forward of the base stick in order to make sure there are no tripwires, surface laid mines, pressure mines, protruding fuses or other suspicious objects. This procedure is to be forwarded up to 50cms even if the area was check with a tripwire feeler. c) Clearance of vegetation. If needed, clearance of vegetation is done using small dimension horisontal cutting tools. All vegetation is to be cut to 5 centimetres or less, along the width of the base stick and up to 50 centimetres forward of it. Vegetation cut is laid in the cleared lane or behind a deminer. Daily cut vegetation and garbage is collected into humps for daily check of the cleared area, further removal and burning. d) Metal detector check procedure. Minimum two passes are to me made over the area forward of the base stick, with 0.1m/s speed. Each pass is to overlap and extend 10 centimetres width outside the working lane. Detector is checked when the works commence and after a detector is turned off. The sensitivity of the detector is to be checked every ten minutes. If there is no signal given by detector, forward procedure starting from a). e) Prodding procedure for identification the detector signal. If the metal detector gives an indication, the location is to be marked. Prodding is to commence 10 cenimetres to the rear of indication signal point and to a width of 20 to 30 centimetres (depending on the strength of the signal). The prodder, at an angle of 30 degrees, is then evenly inserted into the ground at intervals of 2.5 centimetres and to a depth of 10 centimetres from the ground level. In conditions where the soil is metal contaminated or rich with minerals, which prevents the use of detector, this procedure will be necessary along the width of the base stick, including the overlap (both sides in the first working lane, in others to the side of progressing) f) Excavation of located object. After location and the size of mine or other object are established by the prodder, a small spade is used for excavation. The initial excavation is made 10 from the located spot, without any vertical pressure downwards, to minimum 10 cm into depth. If the located object at the depth of 10 cm is not a mine or UXO, we conduct excavation to minimum 20 cm. For objects buried deeper, the depth of excavation is set by the supervisor, depending on the intentional use of ground and requirements of the contract. Metal detector signal check can be conducted right away, by using the spade and excavation procedure, without previous prodder check. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre III - 3/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D g) Location of mine / UXO or tripwire. Deminer is to stop clearance in his lane upon locating a mine, UXO or a tripwire. He notifies his supervisor and places mine marker 15 cm to the rear of located object. The lane is closed and a new one is opened for work. h) All metal contents found in the working lane are to be put into metal collecting pit. Larger quantities of metal found on a task can be collected and marked on one or more places in previously cleared part of the task site. 9. The supervisor is responsible for all the further actions upon locating a mine?UXO/tripwire. He is in charge of the following procedure: a) All mines /UXO are in principle to be destroyed in situ. Destruction of located mines and UXO is carried out at the end of each working day or at a prearranged time, unless a specific safety hazard threatens safety of people and property. b) If destruction in situ is not conducted, the object will be remotely pulled from a safe location prior to any other actions being taken. The pulling rope must be rollod out prior to attaching to the object, while the remote pulling place must be at minimum 50 metres distance from the object pulled. All personnel not involved in remote pulling procedrue must be retired to the safe distance. Every mine / UXO must be remotelly pulled at least to its length and size. A minimum 1 minute wait-time is to be allowed before approaching the pulled object. The original position of located mine / UXO must be checked with metal detector for possible presence of other mines/UXO or anti-lift devices. c) After pulling and in order to move the object to another demolition site, a render safe procedure must be conducted, as well as disarning, if necessary. Mines cannot be stored or transported during night for demolition at another designated area, but the whole procedrue must be completed during daylight. d) On locating a tripwire, demining will be done to locate both ends of the tripwire. Clearance is to stop if the area cleared is in the minimum safety distance for fragmentation mines, and it will not commence until both ends are carefully inspected and mine is safely removed. Two procedures can be used for locating the tripwire ends: (1) A one metre wide lane is cleared parallel to the tripwire, no closer than 0.5 m to the wire, in order to locate both ends of it. At no circumstances should a tripwire be pulled. (2) Mine marker is used for closure the lane where the tripwire is found, while the new lane is to commence adjacent to the closed one. This procedure continues until both ends of tripwire are located. 10. Burning Uncleared Areas. Uncleared areas may be burnt prior to mine clearance, at the discretion of the supervisor and in coordination with the local authorities. Minimum wait time of five days is to elapse between burning and starting manual clearance procedures on it. 11. Deployment of deminers on a task site. a) A section (team, section) is the lowest organizational unit capable for independent manual demining operations. A machine or two to four EDD teams may be added as a support. Maximum eight deminers cam be engaged within a section, as two-men-teams, individuals or combined. The section manager is managing the section (team). If there are three or more sections on the site, than the site will be managed by the site manager (platoon leader, group leader). b) Two-men-team is a clearance team consisting of two deminers in a working lane. Two- men-team’s work may be organized in two ways: (1) One deminer works in the working lane, while the other is supporting him and follows his work from the minimum distance of 25 metres, wearing minimum prescribed protective equipment. Maxim 30 minutes after, a deminers’ switch is done in the lane. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre III - 4/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D (2) One deminer is working in the lane while the other rests in the rest area at minimum safety distance of 100 metres. In such cases, supervision and support for the deminer in the lane is done by the section/team leader or his depute. c) One deminer works in a working lane. Team leader or his depute is to support and supervise his work. The deminer is allowed up to 10 minutes of rest after maximum 30 minutes of work. d) Deminer in the working lane must be supervised and supported by the person to whom it is a sole task during demining: it can be a deminer from two-men-team, team leader or his depute. Team leader (or his depute) may, depending on conditions on site (visibility of the terrain, vegetation, decreased mine threat because of previous mechanical preparation with soil disturbance etc.) supervise and support all deminers in the section who are engaged working in separate working lanes. e) Working lane in which a deminer is working using manual methods is not to exceed 25 metres in length. As demining is progressing in the first lane, red-tipped pickets are placed at maximum 2 metre distance; mine tapes are put around them from both sides of the lane. Pickets are attached to each other by mine tape at the ground level. When commencing other, forwarding lanes, e.g. clearance is proceeding to the right; only the right side of the lane is marked by pickets attached to each other by the tape. On finishing clearance of the second and forthcoming lanes, pickets and mine tape on the left side are taken off and cleared area is gained. Mine tape is used instead of the base stick at the end of the lane. 12. Removal of explosive devices buried deeper in relation to standard requirement for excavation (point 8.f.) shall be done in accordance with following requirements: a) Depth of demining and removal of explosive device is counted from the zero level of the ground in the moment of demining and must be achieved by the organization. b) Zero level of the ground in the moment of demining may differ to the zero level in the moment of mining due to floods, movements of ground and soil, covering trenches or parts of the areas etc. Explosive devices can be intentionally placed deeper in the ground, thus such will not be encompassed by Standard requirement for depth of excavation since tools, equipment and procedures for humanitarian demining are not intended for such. c) Removal of explosive devices not encompassed within the Standard requirement of depth from the zero level of the ground in the moment of demining will be estimated and required by BH MAC in the Red Folder, based on intentional use of ground and need for absolute removal of explosive devices. d) The demining contractor is to accept the removal of explosive devices buried deeper than Standard required detph for excavation on the request of BH MAC, based on GS information, or additional request during the demining process. e) Removal of deeply buried explosive devices is to be conducted according to specific and safe procedure for each particular case, which will depend on the type of explosive device and intention for its setting, way of its activation, depth of its location and else. REMARK: Zero level of the ground in the moment of demining does not include garbage, debris or other kind of garbage thrown or in other way placed on the area after it has been mined. ANNEXES: Annex A: Task site layout — Typical example — plan view Annex B: Organisation of the site — Typical example of the task site working part (oblique view) Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre III - 5/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Annex A Chapter III -The plan of typical demining task site layout Working area of a demining section Middle line Location of mine/UXO found Up to 6m MINED AREA Max. CLEARED AREA 25m CLEARANCE LANE Up to 2m 25m MINIMUM Datum line Starting point SAFE LANE MINIMUM 2m WIDE Start line DATUM POINT Up to 6 m 50m minimum ACCESS LANE 2 METRES WIDE EXPLOSIVES STORAGE 100m minimum REFERENCE POINT UP TO 6 m METAL COLLECTING PIT WC H EQUIPMENT STORAGE AND DETECTOR TESTING AREA MEDICAL AREA Legend: REST AREA - Red tipped stake AND CONTROL POINT PARKING - White tipped stake LOT - Yellow tipped stake - Mined area ACCES LANE MINIMUM. 2m Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre III-1/2 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Annex B Chapter III - Oblique view of a typical demining task site layout 6m max. 6m DATUM POINT LOCATION OF A MINE FOUND AND DESTROYED SAFE LANE MINIMUM 2 M. WIDE CLEARED AREA ACCES LANE MIN. 2 METRES WIDE ZERO LINE max. 2m 1.2-1.5m high Base stick WORKING LANE 1 METRE 0.5m high Mine marking sign Mine tape MINED AREA Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre III-2/2 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D Chapter IV DEMOLITION OF MINES AND UXOs INTRODUCTION 1. All mines and UXOs will be destroyed in situ, provided task circumstances enable it. Demotions on site will be conducted at the end of each day, or at a prescribed time daily. This will avoid disruption of mine clearance activities and will establish a routine giving confidence to local residence. AIM 2. The aim is to detail BH MAC minimum requirements for safe and efficient conduct of procedures for mines and UXO demolitions. All the regulations set for transport and storage of explosives must be complied to. SCOPE 3. Section leader conducts a demolition of mines or UXOs in situ, unless the circumstances dictate removal. Removal is done towards a previously designated demolition area, and conducted daily or at a prescribed time. Removal and demolition of mines and UXOs to the designated demolition site is conducted during daylight, which means that an organisation is not to store mines and UXOs. Section leaders must have their authorised qualifications for demolitions. ON BH MAC approval, mines and UXO, which are defused, can be used for the EDD training, by those organisations possessing EDDs only or by centres for EDD training. 4. As a material that is subject to control, explosives in Bosnia and Herzegovina can be purchased, transported and used with a written approval of relevant authorities. Storage and transport of explosives are subject to the set of Bosnia and Herzegovina Regulations. BHMAC, as well as authorised police bodies, are authorised to carry out inspections of explosives storage sites and transportation details within humanitarian demining / EOD organisations. COORDINATION 5. All demolition tasks will be coordinated by organisation’s operational centre that conducts demining. Local military units, police stations, authorities and local population must be notified about demolition tasks. Site supervisor is responsible for coordination and control issues related to demolition in situ. Demolitions are conducted in the following sequence: a) Identify the target. Only a minimum amount of soil is to be removed to identify the type of explosive ordnance (target) and create access for placing the charge for demolition. b) Prepare the demolition charge. All explosive charges used for the destruction in situ are to be calculated to be sufficient quantity to ensure destruction. The type, age and origin of explosives used for producing a mine / UXO will dictate the size of charge. c) Estimate and eventually direct the fragmentation. Sandbags are to be used in order to control mine/UXO fragmentation. d) Establish sentries at the entry points to the danger area where demolitions are conducted and warn the local population that demolitions are about to occur. Define warning and stand-down instructions for sentries. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre IV - 1/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D e) How to place a charge The demolition explosive charge is to be places as close as possible to the mine/UXO without moving it, in a way which will direct the detonation (fragmentation) into the ground or into the desired direction. f) Warn sentries and ensure that personnel on site are at the safe distance, if possible in shelters, before demolitions start. g) Activate demolition charge, provided all the necessary measures and required levels of safety are applied. h) Remain in shelter after detonation, until the products of explosion stop falling down. i) Check demolition site. j) Remove sentries. REMARK: (1) Explosives to be used for demolition charges must be under control of an appointed person. There must be update documentation on the explosives. (2) Minimum number of persons, appointed by the supervisor, will be deployed in demolition process. (3) After demolition is conducted, supervisor or appointed person approaches the target and checks if all charges have detonated correctly. He notifies the personnel that the process in competed. (4) Detailed demolition activity must be available and stipulated in organisations’ SOP. METHODS FOR MAKING DEMOLITION CHARGES 6. Following methods / means are used for demolitions: a. Explosives. Due to their enormous power, high explosives are to be used for a demolition of mines and UXOs. b. Detonators. Detonators are based on initial explosive charge that is very sensitive to mild impact of a flame. Detonators are to be treated with care and always stored and transported separately from explosives. Both non-electric and electric detonators can be used for mine and UXO destruction. c. Safety fuse (SF) comprises of dense black powder, which is highly hygroscope and has to be protected from rain and damp. When safety fuse is to be used, the first 30-cm is to be cut and discarded from each real and the second 30cm tested for the correct burning time (this varies due to the type and country of origin). After that, minimum one metre length or more is to be used in order to enable the person who is firing the fuse to be able to walk towards a shelter / safe area. The last 30 cm of any reel must be discarded. d. Detonating fuse (DF) comprised of flegmatised pentrite. It is used for initiating one or multiple demolition charges. e. Machine for initiating electric detonators produces currency impulse enough for their activation. f. Electric firing cable is two-strand cable with a resistance of 8-10 ohms. It must be a minimum of 150 metres in length. It will be always tested for continuity before use. g. Crimping pliers are to be used for crimping the safety fuse to the blasting capsule. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre IV - 2/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D INITIATION OF DEMOLITION 7. There are two basic ways for destroying mines / UXOs. a. Electrical initiation will be primarily used method since the control of firing line is very precise. This type of initiation is not to be used where there are strong sources of electro- magnetic waves near the demolition area. These electro-magnetic waves are able to induce currency for firing the electric detonators. In case of a misfire, minimum 10 minutes stand-down is needed before approaching and placing a new charge. b. Non-electrical initiation. This initiation method cannot be controlled precisely. In case of a misfire, minimum 30 minutes stand-down is needed before approaching and placing a new demolition charge. REMARK: In case of misfire, place a fresh charge next to the charge that has not initiated. The charge that has not initiated must not be moved. 8.Transportation. Organisations and individuals transporting explosives are obliged to take necessary precautions as by standing regulations in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Precaution measures are related to preparations of explosives for transport (handling, loading and unloading). Transportation regulations are shown in Annex A. 9.Storage of explosive materials. Humanitarian demining and EOD operations demand storage of explosives as well. Explosives are to be stored correctly, safely and securely at each stage. Regulations for storing are shown in Annex A. 10. NOTAM. Notice to Airmen (NOTAM) is required by national air authorities and by SFOR. NOTAMs are necessary in order to warn aviators of the use of explosives in any area, so that these areas are not overflown at destruction times. a. NOTAMs are required only when the total of any one explosive charge exceeds 13.6 kg (either item to be destroyed or the demolition charge to be used). b. NOTAMs are not required if demolition takes place on a recognized demolition range. c. NOTAMs are to be forwarded at least one day prior to the planned time for explosive detonation. When the use of explosion in an emergency situation is necessary, (dangerous location etc.), the details for required NOTAMs are to be passed to by phone or fax to the BH MAC operations sector as soon as possible. d. Routine NOTAMs will be submitted weekly, direct to BHMAC operations, before 1600 hrs on Friday for the following week. e. It is the responsibility of the organisations carrying out demolitions to inform and coordinate their activities with SFOR units at a local level. f. If the demolition is to be conducted within 10 km of an airport, organisation carrying out demolition is to notify the airport control tower in order to establish local level of communication. NOTAM example shown in Annex C. ANNEXES: Annex A: Transport of explosives Annex B: Storage of explosives Annex C: Notification to Airmen (NOTAM) Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre IV - 3/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARDS Annex A Chapter IV TRANSPORTATION OF EXPLOSIVES 1. General. Organisations and individuals preparing explosives for transport are responsible for loading, unloading and all aspects of transportation between storage locations. Persons directly handling explosives are obliged to take necessary precautions and use protective measures stated by the existing rules and regulations in Bosnia and Herzegovina. 2. Qualifications / Certification. Drivers and other persons participating in the transport of explosives are to be qualified to handle explosives. The following criteria will also apply to all persons involved in driving or directly handling explosives. a. At least 21 years of age. b. In good health and capable of handling explosives. c. Not under any legal investigation or be a convicted felon. d. Must have attended an explosives handling, storage & transport course. e. In possession of a recognised licence to carry explosives. 3. Persons not qualified to handle explosives may carry, load and unload dangerous material into vehicles or storage under supervision of a qualified person, provided they are verbally briefed on safety measures prior to handling explosives. 4. These guidelines will apply to transport and storage of explosives Class1a and Class 1c. Dangerous materials of these classes are solid and liquid chemicals, which under certain conditions, and outside forces (such as impact or friction), or by chemical dissolving, release energy in the form of temperature or gases. 5. Vehicles used for transporting explosives are not to be used as overnight storage for explosives. Vehicles are not to be left loaded with explosives at any time unless they are under continuous security guard. PREPARATION OF EXPLOSIVES FOR TRANSPORT 6. Packaging of explosives is to be in accordance with standards and technical norms applied in Bosnia and Herzegovina. 7. Explosives will not be transported unless securely packed in appropriate boxes. Boxes or individual packages are to have specific identification marks on them. 8. Each box is to be packed with a printed instruction about storage, handling and disposal of the contents. 9. Boxes are to be closed and waterproof in order to prevent any loss or spilling of the contents during transport. If the vehicle is not a covered vehicle, boxes are to be covered with a waterproof cover. 10. Organisations transporting explosives are to issue the driver of each vehicle a document, which is to include instructions on safety measures and the following information. a. Type of explosives carried. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre IV-1/11 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARDS b. Quantity of explosives carried. c. Confirmation of the sender that all conditions for the transport have been met. d. Signature and seal of the sender. 11. The organisation or person in charge of the transport of the explosives is to sign a transport bill or receipt voucher confirming the receipt of the explosives. 12. Detonators, blasting capsules and the initiation means for explosives are not to be transported in the same vehicle as explosives, except for daily use. 13. For daily use, and only where no other option exists, up to 50kg of explosives may be carried in the same vehicle with up to 100 detonators or blasting capsules. Detonators or blasting capsules are to be securely packed in a separate box from the explosive. Boxes containing detonators or blasting capsules are to be carried in a separate compartment of the vehicle from boxes containing explosives. UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES ARE DETONATORS OR BLASTING CAPSULES TO BE CARRIED IN THE SAME BOX AS EXPLOSIVES. 14. Initiation means in quantities smaller than in the original box are to be transported in wooden boxes, appropriate metal boxes or strong sacks. The initiation means in boxes or sacks are to be placed in such a way that they should not move even when the box or sack is shaken. 15. If packed in smaller quantities than originally packed, explosives are to be transported in closed leather sacks or other material sacks, which are to have anti static properties, or in safe, closed boxes. 16. Loading and unloading of explosives may be done only at locations determined for that purpose, outside of populated areas, away from radio communications. 17. Locations where loading and unloading takes place are to be clearly marked by appropriate signs, as prescribed for marking the vehicles for the transport of explosives. Areas are to be physically cordoned to prevent unauthorised approach during loading or unloading of explosives. 18. Locations for loading and unloading explosives are to be provided with sufficient appropriate fire extinguishers. 19. The following are prohibited at locations where explosives are stored, loaded, unloaded or used. a. Matches, cigarette lighters, material or devices, which can cause fire. b. Open flames or work with open flames, e.g. welding. c. Smoking. d. Work with tools that may cause sparks. e. Running of vehicle engines. 20. Persons who are not involved are forbidden to approach loading and unloading areas. 21. Unloading of explosives is normally to be carried out during daylight hours. If loading or unloading is carried out at night, the loading or unloading area is to be illuminated according to rules on installations for places where work is done with explosives. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre IV-2/11 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARDS VEHICLES FOR TRANSPORT OF EXPLOSIVES 22. Vehicles for transport of explosives are to meet the requirements of existing rules and regulations used in Bosnia and Herzegovina. 23. Persons in charge of transport of explosives will check the following prior to any movement of vehicles carrying explosives. a. Certificate for transport. b. Vehicle roadworthiness. c. Vehicle is furnished with appropriate equipment. d. Vehicle is marked appropriately. 24. Driver and driver’s assistant are to be briefed about type of explosives to be transported. 25. Vehicles are to be correctly fitted, equipped, and marked according to the rules and regulations applied in Bosnia and Herzegovina. 26. Type and quantity of explosives and conditions of roads to be used are to be considered when deciding type of vehicle to be used. 27. Warning marks on individual packaging or boxes should be glued to the outsides of explosives carrying vehicles. These warning marks are to be placed on visible areas of the vehicle, on both sides and the rear of the vehicle. 28. In addition to equipment demanded by rules and regulations applied in Bosnia and Herzegovina, vehicles should also carry the following equipment. a. At least two appropriate fire extinguishers, one for the vehicle engine and one for the load; extinguishers are to be charged with a content that will efficiently extinguish an explosives fire. b. Two hand-torches with constant or blinking lights of orange colour visible from 150m distances. c. Two warning triangles for marking vehicle when stationary on road. d. Two flags for marking vehicle-transporting explosives. e. Spade and a pickaxe. 29. Towing of a vehicle loaded with explosives is forbidden. Exceptionally the vehicle may be towed to the closest suitable location for repairs or loading into a second vehicle. It is to be towed with a rigid link, and the speed is not to exceed 40 KPH. 30. Boxes, pallets and other packaging for transport of explosives are to be evenly distributed over the whole area for load, and can be loaded up to the height of the sides of the truck. All individual packaging and boxes with explosives are to be loaded and fixed to prevent spillage from boxes and turning over or impact inside boxes. 31. Vehicles transporting explosives may have only one trailer or semi-trailer, any trailer or semi-trailer is to be fitted with a braking system connected to the master brake. In case of disconnection of trailer from vehicle this system must automatically stop the trailer. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre IV-3/11 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARDS 32. If explosives-carrying vehicles are travelling together, distance between them is to be at least 200 metres. 33. Vehicles may be provided with two orange lights in front and two red lights at the rear. If these lights are installed in the vehicle, they are to work correctly. 34. Vehicles transporting explosives are to have warning stickers placed on front, rear and sides. Standard warning signboards with designating number of dangerous material should be placed on both sides of the vehicle, and boards with transport codes on front and rear. PROCEDURES IN CASE OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENT 35. In case of any accident whose consequences the vehicle crew cannot deal with, but which do not allow for the transport to continue, the crew are to immediately inform their organisation’s headquarters. 36. In case of an accident, duties of the driver and assistant are to; a. Take necessary measures to prevent any danger to other vehicles or traffic. b. Place two warning triangles behind the vehicle, marking that it is stationary on the road. This is to apply both night and day. c. In daytime the driver should send his assistant to a distance of 100 metres with a flag to warn other traffic. At night use lights to warn other vehicles using the same carriageway as the stopped vehicle, ensuring traffic slows down, stops or overtakes safely. d. Signs and lamps with permanent or blinking lights are placed at least 50 metres behind the vehicle so that other drivers coming in the same direction from a distance of at least 150 metres can see them. 37. After proper marking of the vehicle, before any officials arrive to make an investigation, the crew should carry out the following. a. Remove from the vehicle all documentation relating to transport of explosives. b. Extinguish any fires on or in the vehicle. c. Prevent spillage of explosives. d. Prevent the approach of bystanders and warn them of the danger. e. Inform the closest local police station, and suggest the necessary action required of the police. f. When investigating officials arrive, inform them about the content of dangerous material and danger to people, property and environment. 38. If there is a danger of explosion or fire, the authorised official should inform the closest civil protection HQ, interior affairs officials and other organisations and completely stop all traffic until normal conditions are recovered. ADDITIONAL SAFETY MEASURES 39. No passengers are to be carried in vehicles transporting explosives. Vehicle crews are to consist only of a driver and a driver’s assistant. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre IV-4/11 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARDS 40. No material that may cause a fire may be carried in vehicles transporting explosives. No repairs that might cause fire by sparking impact or violent contact may be carried out. No smoking is allowed in the driver’s cabin or any other part of the vehicle. 41. From the moment the driver receives the explosives until the delivery is completed, he is not to leave the vehicle unattended. He may leave the vehicle provided it is left with his assistant. 42. The Driver will drive with care, and the speed should not exceed 80% of the highest speed determined for the road, and indicated by traffic signs on the route taken, but in no case should speed exceed 70 KPH 43. If the explosives are stolen, the organisation or persons transporting the explosives are to take measures to find it and to report to the person in charge of the transport and also inform the local authorities. 44. Vehicles transporting explosives should be fitted with a device to take away static electricity from the vehicle to the ground. 45. Explosives will not be placed in the driver’s cabin or in the same space where passengers are carried. 46. Explosives and the means to initiate explosives may be transported together only when the quantity of explosives does not exceed 50 kg, and 200 igniters. This will only be allowed provided that the igniters are in their originally packed boxes, and that the explosives is packed and loaded separately from igniters, detonators, blasting capsules or any initiating means. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre IV-5/11 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARDS Annex B Chapter IV STORAGE OF EXPLOSIVE MATERIAL 1. Humanitarian demining or EOD operations may demand three stages of storage for explosives. Explosives and accessories are to be stored correctly, safely and securely at each stage. a) Main warehouse is a separate building where explosives are stored in the packaging prescribed for public traffic. b) Temporary warehouse is a storage building that meets the requirement for keeping explosives, or it is a sea container for storing explosives in smaller quantities. Maximum quantity of explosives stored in a temporary warehouse is not to exceed 500 kg. c) Daily storage (On site storage of working explosives) is where daily quantities are kept, such as wooden boxes, or similar, which provides safekeeping of explosives. 2. Only qualified persons over 21 years of age may purchase or store explosives. These persons are to be trained and qualified in loading, unloading, storage and characteristics of explosives they handle. They should also be familiar with the regulations for purchasing explosives. 3. Warehouses are to be kept according to the technical norms for storing of explosives and in accordance with regulations authorising the use of warehouses. 4. The interiors of warehouses should have daylight. If electrical light is used the installation is to be in accordance with technical norms regulating handling of dangerous material including protective measures for lives, health, environment and material goods against explosion or fire. Generally warehouses should not be heated. 5. Warehouses are to have ventilation, installed in such a way that it cannot be closed, blocked or allow water to penetrate, and also to prevent any inflammable material being thrown into it. Warehouses are to be furnished with anti-fire devices, and with a lightning conductor. 6. Warehouses are not to be accessible to other persons without authorisation. Only one set of keys is to be issued. These are to be issued to the supervisor in charge of storage and deliveries at the warehouse. 7. The warehouse is to have separate rooms or a substantial barrier for separating explosives and detonators/blasting capsules. 8. Only explosives in original packaging may be stored. These may be stacked or placed on shelves if they are in wooden or metal boxes. If explosives are in cardboard boxes they are not to be stacked. All boxes are to be placed at least 100mm above the floor, e.g. on wooden pallets. When boxes are stacked the height will not exceed 1.5 metres. The space between the top of the boxes and the ceiling will not be less than 600mm. Boxes are to be at least 100mm away from the upper shelf, and 500mm away from the walls of the room. When stacking boxes the width of the base is to be bigger than the height of stacked boxes. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre IV-6/11 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARDS 9. Blasting capsules and electric detonators may be stacked only if packed in boxes and on wooden shelves, maximum two layers on a shelf. Total height of stacked boxes will not exceed 1.4 metres. 10. It is forbidden to nail or dismantle boxes in the warehouse where explosives are stored. This should be done away from the warehouse, with tools that cannot produce sparks, explosion or fire. 11. Tools will not be kept in the same room with explosives or initiation means. 12. If portable lanterns or pocket torches of any description are required they will be switched on before entering the store. The person holding the torch will not handle explosives or detonators or blasting capsules. 13. Organisations using explosives will keep records on purchasing, use and destroyed and missing explosives. The records are to show the following. a. Name and address of organisation from which the explosive was purchased. b. Date of purchase, showing type and quantity purchased. c. Purpose of usage. d. Full information on type and quantity of any missing or destroyed explosives, including dates and details on whom it was handed over to or when it was destroyed, or it was missing. 14. Organisations using explosives are to supervise quantities used by personnel during all operations and training. The explosives are to be issued with a receipt to the person who uses it. The receipt is to show date of issue, type, quantity, and planned time of usage of the explosives, and the signature of the recipient. After demolition the person who performed it is obliged, the same day, to give a report to the organisation or person issuing the explosives, with information about when it was used, date and time, type, quantity and purpose for which it was used. Both the owner and the user are responsible for the accuracy of this information. 15. Materials used for packaging explosives are to be destroyed, not discarded after use. 16. If the required quantity for storage is less than 500kg, it may be stored in a temporary warehouse, inside containers specially manufactured for that purpose, which fulfil the prescribed conditions. Organisations using temporary warehouses are to maintain the building and a protection zone around it according to the prescribed technical norms. Organisations are also to provide physical protection of temporary warehouses. SEA CONTAINERS 17. Sea containers may be used as temporary warehouses for storage of explosives up to 500kg, 1000 detonators or blasting capsules and the required quantity of safety fuse and other means for firing. When sea containers are used as storage warehouses for explosives and accessories, they are to fulfil all the technical conditions required for storing explosives. 18. Containers are to be placed at least 250 metres away from populated areas, public roads or railways. Containers are to be placed on flat, hard ground, with or without foundations in a way that they cannot easily be taken away. Minimum distance between containers is to be Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre IV-7/11 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARDS 500 metres. If there is an earth berm or suitable wall between containers the distance may be reduced to 25 metres. (A suitable wall could be constructed using earth-filled sandbags or ‘Hesco’ Bastions.) 19. Storage containers are to be electrically earthed or grounded. 20. Explosives and detonators or blasting capsules are to be stored in manufacturer’s original packages. Packages which require the use of tools to open them are to be opened a minimum of 15 metres away from the sea container, using tools that do not create sparks. 21. Boxes and packages are to be carefully handled, not roughly pulled or thrown. They are to be clearly date-marked, allowing use of those boxes that have the earliest production date. 22. Sea containers are to be kept in good condition, inside and out. Their structural integrity and security is to be maintained at all times. 23. Access to containers is to be limited to the supervisor in charge of stocks in storage. 24. Records about incoming and outgoing explosives are to be kept inside the container, so that at any given time stock holdings can be easily checked. 25. The container is to be surrounded with fence at least 2 metres high, at a minimum distance of 10 metres from the outside wall of the container. Where there are no permanent guards, periodical checking is to be provided. 26. Signboards to prohibit smoking and fire are to be displayed on clear spots in the restricted zone. Warning is also to be displayed that only authorised persons may enter the area. 27. Sea containers used for storing explosives and accessories are to be furnished with sufficient appropriate fire extinguishers. 28. Temporary warehouses for storage of up to 500 kg. of explosives and 1000 detonators or blasting capsules are to be built of fireproof material, capable of withstanding a fire for at least two hours, and to be sufficiently secure to resist burglary. 29. All rules for technical conditions and usage for containers are to be applied. PROTECTIVE MEASURES FOR STORING AND HANDLING OF EXPLOSIVES 30. These measures apply to all warehouses where explosives are stored or packed. 31. A technically-qualified person is to be in charge of managing the receipt, storage, guarding and issuing explosives in both permanent and temporary warehouses 32. Only authorised persons are to enter the restricted zone. Those persons who receive authorisation from the person in charge are to be to escorted at all times whilst inside the restricted zone. 33. All smoking materials, including cigarettes, matches, lighters etc. and any object or item that might cause fire are prohibited from the restricted zone. At the entrance to the restricted zone there is to be a warning sign. This sign is to state: NO SMOKING OR SMOKING MATERIALS ALLOWED BEYOND THIS POINT. 34. A minimum 50cm space is to be allowed between the walls of any store and stored material. A path at least 1.2 metre wide is to run through the middle of the warehouse. Lines showing the borders of this path are to be oil painted on the floor of the storage area. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre IV-8/11 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARDS 35. Clothing and shoes of all workers in a warehouse are to be in accordance with rules on storage of explosives. Shoes are to be manufactured in such a manner as not to cause sparks. 36. The warehouse is not to be used to store packaging material or tools for opening boxes. It is also not to be used as a cloakroom or a canteen or dining room for warehouse workers. It is to be kept tidy and clean. 37. When no work is taking place the warehouse is to be locked, except when it is being ventilated. The key is to be with the supervisor or his deputy. After working hours the key is to be left at a pre-determined secure place, decided by the warehouse manager. 38. Warehouses are to be constructed in such a way as to provide protection from static electricity in all rooms. 39. If thunderstorms are predicted near the warehouse, all work is to stop and warehouse workers are to go to a safe place. 40. In the event that the warehouse requires repair, all explosives and explosive accessories are to be removed before repairs are started. DAILY STORAGE 41. For daily usage explosives may be stored in wooden boxes or other appropriate containers. 42. Boxes may contain up to 50 kg. of explosives or an appropriate quantity of initiating means to fire the given quantity of explosives. 43. Boxes that contain explosives are not to contain detonators, blasting capsules or any means of initiation. Detonators and blasting capsules are to be stored and carried in a separate box from explosives. MINIMUM SAFETY DISTANCES FOR STORAGE OF EXPLOSIVES Quantity of Public buildings Populated areas Roads & railways Ser explosives (kg) (metres) (metres) (metres) Remarks (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) 1. 25 60 60 35 2. 50 100 60 60 3. 100 100 100 75 4. 150 130 130 100 5. 200 150 150 110 6. 400 200 200 120 7. 500 230 230 190 8. 600 250 250 200 9. 800 300 300 240 10. 1000 320 320 256 11. 2000 400 400 320 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre IV-9/11 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARDS Notes: 1.If a suitable protective wall protects the object, safety distances may be reduced by half. 2.For safety fuse or detonating cord, the total net weight of explosive content is taken for calculation. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre IV-10/11 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARDS Annex C Chapter IV NOTAM – Notice to Airmen Instruction for filling the NOTAM form request: a) Location of demolition. It may be defined by triangulation of the areas that will be used. E.g. three six-numbered grid references are given, so that the triangle area between the grid references will be the area to be used for demolitions. b) Maximum quantity of explosives to be used in one detonation, stated in kilos. c) Planned date and time of demolition according to local time. d) State safety distances in relation to charges that will be used. Vertical safety distances are to be calculated by adding 500 feet more (1 = 0.3048 m) of the distance onto the horizontal safety distance. Maximal vertical distance is a distance that is allowed in the 10 km circle, while it is around 1500 feet around the airport, if the different approval was not previously gained through NOTAM procedure. e) Name, call sign, frequency of the demolition supervisor. f) Name and telephone number of contact person in the organisation or its sub-office. g) Additional information. Including information about reasons of demolitions, e.g. demolition of UXO. NOTAM REQUEST FROM:_____________________________________________________________________ FOR: BH MAC Operations Sector SUBJECT: NOTAM REQUEST NO:______________________________________________ A. LOCATION:______________________________________________________________ B. QTY OF EXPLOSIVES:___________________________________________________ C. DATE AND TIME:______________________________________________________ D. SAFETY DISTANCES: Horizontal (m)_____________vertical (feet) ______________(horizontal + 500’) E. NAME AND CALL SIGN OF THE CONTACT PERSON ON THE GROUND: _________________________________________________________________________ F. NAME AND PHONE NUBMER OF THE CONTACT PERSON IN THE ORGANISATION CENTRE ___________________________________________________________________________ G. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION_____________________________________________________________ Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre IV-11/11 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D Chapter V MINE SURVEY INTRODUCTION 1. The purpose of this Chapter is to establish the scope of mine pollution problem and how big contaminated areas in Bosnia and Herzegovina are. Areas that are suspected of being mined or mined must be surveyed, in sufficient detail to enable BHMAC to plan priorities in demining as well as develop clearance programme for the conduct of mine clearance operations. Information from Survey reports will be transferred into BH MAC database. AIM 2. The aim of this chapter is to detail the surveying procedures in order to enable the collection of reliable information about the scope of mine pollution in BH. Reliable information gathered will enable planning and sound preparation of clearance operations. SCOPE 3. Suspect areas survey has two levels the scope of which is the identification of risk areas and areas without obvious risk: a. Level 1 – General Survey, b. Level 2 – Technical Survey, And survey for identification of cleared areas is defined as: c. Level 3 – Completion Survey. GENERAL SURVEY 4. General survey is the investigation of information already existing and new information gathered about suspect areas in order to identify risk areas and areas without obvious risk. 5. General survey team consists of a minimum of two surveyors, one of them being the team leader. Surveyor must have attended and passed the basic humanitarian demining course as well as general survey course. Both courses are introduced in Chapter I of BH Standard. Surveyors do not have to wear protective equipment and there is no medic in their team. 6. Teams will conduct General Survey according to the detailed procedure form SOP for the BHMAC General Survey. 7. The recommended equipment for General Survey team is: a. Equipment for measuring on the ground (compass, range finder, protractor, GPS) b. Equipment for surveying and documentation (binoculars, camera, writing and drawing tools) c. Communication equipment (UHF radio, mobile or satellite phone) d. Equipment for urgent mine marking e. Terrain vehicle with first aid equipment. BH MAC is issuing GS task, i.e. BH MAC Department for Survey and Projects, BH MAC offices Sarajevo and Banja Luka, based on municipality / canton authorities or organisations Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre V - 1/4 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D requirements for demining for the purpose of reconstruction or realisation of other programmes. Based on previous requests, the person responsible for operations tasks a general survey team with a written mandate and clearly identified borders and aims of survey, consisting of all available information. 8. Once on the ground, the survey team contacts personnel for information on mine / UXO pollution of the area to be surveyed (Civilian Protection, units of SFOR and Armies, Police Stations, medical facilities, former soldiers, mine victims and local population). The Survey team is to investigate the existing and gather new information on mine / UXO pollution of the area 9. While gathering information on the ground, neither survey team nor local population must leave the safe area. All the measurements, observations and locating information must be conveyed from a safe area. 10. The Ability to gather and investigate the reliability of mine pollution information of a surveyed area through contacting local people is a key to a successful general survey task. 11. If a general survey team discover that surveyed area is mine contaminated, urgent marking is to be done from the safe area. 12. Survey team is to investigate all information gathered from different sources. Reliability and accuracy of information gathered is to be stated in Survey report. 13. The area can be declared as an area without obvious risk only if intensively used in post-war period, without accidents and incidents. These areas are as follows: ploughed or excavated at least once with the disturbance to the minimum of 10 into the ground; area used for building objects, roads, railroads etc; areas which were used for sawing and pasture, as well as tarmac, concrete or stone area which cannot be disturbed without leaving visible evidence 14. Based on information gathered, borders of suspect areas and areas without obvious risk will be established on either cadastral plan or a map (topographic map exceptionally). It is to include a review of grid references of all the turning points of either suspect area or area without obvious risk. A surveyed area sketch is drawn with suspect area borders and all the relevant data (type of soil, debris contamination, density, type and height of vegetation, ground, water etc.). In case of measuring bearings and longitudes, sketches are made with maps and laser range finder (measuring from the safe area). Examples provided in Annex A. 15. Result of general survey is a set of documents containing all the relevant information about area survey conducted by general survey team. General survey report (Annex B) includes team leader’s opinion on type and urgency for further mine action in a risk surveyed area. Chief of BH MAC office Sarajevo or Banja Luka is to verify Technical opinion for areas without obvious risk (Annex C), which is issued at the request of the user of the ground. 16. Chief of the Regional Office shall analyse the GS Report and give the final estimation on mine threat in the survey area. Based on General Survey Report, project documentation for further mine activities is done for suspect and mined areas (marking, technical survey or clearance). Once approved, project for demining goes for realisation according to its priority status (through the public tender or immediate contract), and in accordance with the Regulations set by state authorised level for demining (Demining Commission in BH). Set of documents on General Survey is entered into BH MAC database. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre V - 2/4 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D TECHNICAL SURVEY 18. Technical survey implies entering the suspect area, which is to be undertaken with the full compliance with the SOP, which is in accordance to chapters for: manual operations, marking, use of EDD teams and mechanical preparation of the ground. Technical survey needs to be conducted by personnel qualified and equipped for demining, marking and sketching the task done. 19. Reduction of suspect area is the essence of technical survey, which confirms information gathered through General Survey, establishes real borders of the minefield in order to direct demining resources to actually mined areas. 20. The use of EDD teams and mechanical tools for ground preparation in Technical Survey process (whenever conditions allow), present the most efficient way of reducing the suspect area. 21. In manual operations (when the conditions limit the use of EDDs or machines), the suspect area is attacked from the safe area, from all sides, clearing the working lanes at maximum distance of 10 m (in compliance with minimum safety distances). Approaching a mine, the location is marked and work continued in a new lane. RO BH MAC office inspectors that is tracking the task is notified about every mine found (location, type, way of setting etc), after which its demolition is approved. 22. The use of EDDs implies previously stated manual operations, followed by search conducted by two EDDs in boxes 10x10 metres, until first mines are approached (the proof of risk). The proof that mines are found in working lanes or boxes must be confirmed by inspection bodies as explained in No 21. 23. When using machines for standard soil disturbance (No 6, Chapter XIV), the entire area is covered, provided that the machines are constructed as blast proof.). Every stated explosion or visible surface thrown mine (or their broken parts) shall be documented on the sketch and in the daily report, according to its location and if possible, its type. After the area is thus treated, working lanes will be opened at maximum distance of 25 metres, after that at the same distance but from one of the sides. In working lanes thus opened, we will check: the quality of required standard ground disturbance (depth of disturbance, diameter of broken pieces), overlap and encompassing with ground preparation of the entire area. Boxes gained in such manner (max. 25x25m) will be visually checked in order to identify locations of explosions; surface thrown not activated mines or their broken parts. 24. From the location where the mine presence is proved (risk threat), regardless of method used, a withdrawing is done for a minimum of 5 metres from the coming direction in order to mark the boundaries of the minefield. When we get the boundaries of actual minefield, it will be permanently or semi permanently marked in accordance to requirements provided in Chapter II. Area reduced in this manner (outside the borders of the minefield) will be technically declared as area without obvious risk (AWOR). 25. In order to identify the borders of AWOR in technical survey, the BH MAC inspection bodies may ask that the organisation conduct the sampling procedure up to 5% or the area in order to prove non-existence of mine threat in that area. 26. Identified reduced risk area cannot be declared as ‘’cleared’’ as long as clearance operations are not conducted on it. 27. Depending on conditions, during technical survey one or all of the three methods should be used in order for the area to be entirely surveyed by technical survey and in order to confirm the suspicion of risk, i.e. to identify borders of actually mined area. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre V - 3/4 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D 28. The Record of the takeover of the technically surveyed area, along with official declarations and annexes (Annex D) presents Technical Survey task Report. This report contains set of information, which was gathered by technical survey operation, along with the sketch of the actual minefield and stated AWOR (entire or partial), its datum point, reference point as well as grid references of all the turning points. Upon taking over the areas technically declared, BH MAC will issue Technical opinion for AWOR (Annex E), while for the declared mined area, the task will be formed for clearance, if clearance is not continued immediately. AWOR stated in technical survey will be marked with final marking and identified in record, as well as the cleared area. (Chapter VIII, Annex C, No 4 a.) and b) COMPLETION SURVEY 26. Completion Survey is the process where within technical survey the accurate AWOR is identified according to the border of the stated mined area, as well as in clearance for area that is cleared, all in cooperation with the team who conducted the technical survey or clearance. Technically surveyed (stated AWOR) or cleared area, will be walked over, grid references will be set for datum point and all the turning points. All the grids will be documented on the sketch. 27. Completion survey will be conducted with the demining organisation that conducted demining, along with the presence of BH MAC inspection body. 28. Completion Survey results must be in the Technical Survey Task Final Report or in the Final Clearance Report, which with its confirmed quality through sampling is the perimeter for issuing the Technical opinion for AWOR in Technical Survey, or issuing the Certificate on Quality Control in demining for areas that were cleared. INFORMATION 29. All three survey levels results are transferred into BH MAC database using defined reporting forms. 30. All measuring is to be done in metric system, while the equipment chosen must provide the required level of accuracy and reliability to the surveyor. 31. Cadastral and topographic maps are the key elements in gathering geographical information on suspect areas. The most accurate and most detailed maps are to be used as a standard for setting risk areas and areas without obvious risks. ANNEXES: Annex A – Geodetic key document scrap – TM 1:25000, signs for mine contamination and examples of sketches. Annex B – Survey Report Annex C: Technical opinion on area without obvious risk in General Survey Annex D: Record of the takeover of technically surveyed area with the demining organisation’s statement, official declarations and annexes, as well as explanation for filling the form. Annex E: Technical Opinion for stated AWOR in technical survey. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre V - 4/4 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D Annex A Chapter V DOCUMENT SCRAP FROM THE TOPOGRAPHIC KEY TM 1: 25000, SIGNS FOR MINE CONTAMINATION AND AN EXAMPLE OF A SKETCH When the sketches are made during survey, topographic signs for TM (topographic maps) are to be used of a scale 1: 25000, as well as standardised symbols for mine contamination. a) The most frequently used are the following signs: Graveyard a) Christian b) Islamic Power lines a) Turning/marking pole b) Transformer c) Materials for poles (B=C – concrete; D=W – wood: G=I – Iron) d) Smaller transformer e) Signs for voltage in KV f) Bigger transformer g) Transformer for the underground power lines Macadam track Usual track Damaged track Horse track Bridge a) Shown in out-of-scale sign b) Shown in a map scale Railway - road Drainage at a railway or a road Riverbank a) Higher (numbers stand for height of the riverbank in m) b) Lower (numbers stand for the height of the riverbank in m) Width of a river up to 5m (TM 25), 10m (TM 50), 20m (TM 100), 40 (TM 200) An easily spotted isolated tree: a) Leaves b) Pine trees Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre V - 1/12 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D Wired fence Stone boundary or boundary made of piled stones b) Use the following signs of mine contamination Suspect area AP mine AT mine UXO Incident / accident c) An example for sketching by use of bearings and longitudes S T2 T3 T1 T4 RT Table: -RT y=6 551 321 x= 4 703 523 -RT-T1 a=50 d=200m -T1-T2 a=140 d=270m -T2-T3 a=980 d=1.140m -T3-T4 a=1950 d=250m -T4-T1 a=2830 d=1.100m Scale: 1 cm = 100mm Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre V - 2/12 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D a) Example for sketching using gridlines from a plan map. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre V - 3/12 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D Annex B Chapter V CENTAR ZA UKLANJANJE MINA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI CENTAR ZA UKLAWAWE MINA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA MINE ACTION CENTRE Date ..............20__. Number of Survey Afterwards assigned for survey and creation of project GENERAL SURVEY REPORT 1) GENERAL INFORMATION ON TASK AND LOCATION RO BHMAC which Date of start – conducts the task completion Survey team-surveyors: Mark or Number of (Name and surname of assigned task person) Name of location Municipality Total size of location for Reference point Y survey ..…………… m 2 G/K X Is referent pint defined by GPS (Write in –YES or NO) Declared areas: AWOR ………………m 2 For technical survey RISK AREA ..……………m 2 For demining 2 .......……………..m Priority Category Intentional use of Write in (I, II or III) ground Requested depth Standard (squares to be filled with black colour) for removal of Up to……….cm (in proposition for demining operations) explosive devices Is the risk area marked (status Number of mine warning signs set found) (Write in YES or NO) Mines laid by / year Data on type and numbers of mines Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre V - 4/12 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D 2) GENERAL DATA ON LOCATION Type of Rural Urban Industrial environment Vegetation No vegetation Grass Bushes Scattered Forest Mixed trees Type of soil Sand Clay Porous Chalk Rocky Hardness of Swampy Soft Medium hard Hard ground Contaminatio Metal debris Rubble Garbage Stumps n Slope Flat Mild slope Steep slope Drainage Lakes River Spring water supply Drainage Other features channel ditch Possibility to Yes No burn Data on Common Macadam / Asphalt access area track Gravel tarmac (from RO to location ……..km ……..km …….km Closest First Aid Facility in ……………………., Hospital in……………………………., medical facilities ……km distant …….km distant Closest SFOR base in ……………………., ….km distant SFOR base Closest police Police station in ……………………., …..km distant station (squares to be filled with black colour) PLACE OF LOCATION IN RELATION TO THE WIDER AREA Position of location in the municipality and in relation to the closest inhabited place DESCRIPTION OF LOCATION Description of risk area borders is provided in written format, providing topographic objects on the ground, as well as the position of the location in relation to entire surveyed area in the sense of risk Description of the referent point, position of location in relation to the reference point SAFE ACCESS ROADS Safe Access Roads are provided descriptively, providing topographic characteristics of the ground and inhabited area. Within description of the safe access road the point of its start and end is defined, then point of crossroads and direction of movement. Description of the road contains: the type of road, the width of road, height and maximum weight Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre V - 5/12 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D DESCRIPTION OF PHOTOGRAPHS Photo 1: Photo 2: 3) INFORMATION ON MINING a) DESCRIPTION OF THE CONFRONTATION LINES AND INFORMATION ON THE HISTORY OF WAR EVENTS b) MINEFIELD RECORDS FOR THE SURVEYED AREA (provide data about minefield records (in the scope of 800m around surveyed area), which were gathered in preparation and through collecting data on the ground). Provide analyses of the record c) INFORMATION ABOUT MINE INCIDENTS AND MINE ACCIDENTS ON LOCATION AND SURROUNDING AREA (Provide data about mine ac cidents and incidents gathered in preparation and through the method of collecting data on the ground: Name and surname of the victim, location, approximate accident date, consequences, information on explosive device. Number of animals/cattle killed, location, approximate date, information on device activated) c.1.) NUMBER OF VICTIMS ON LOCATION: KILLED, INJURED d) INFORMATION ON MINE CONTAMINATION WITH MINES AND UXO GATHERED FROM THE COLLECTING ON THE GROUND (summary of information gathered through interviews, conclusion on their validity, summary of information gathered by the observing method in the sense of indication of mine existence and use of land) e) RECORDS ON DEMINED LOCATIONS IN SURROUNDINGS (Provide information about demined locations gathered from the central data base: No of task, location, organisation, when the clearance was conducted, type and quantity of mines/UXO destroyed) f) INFORMATION ABOUT MINELIFTING (Provide data about mine lifting gathered from the central data base) g) INDICATION OF PROM MINE EXISTENCE (YES/NO) 4) SOCIO ECONOMIC IMPACT Purpose and meaning of demining for population and economy In what way the area was used by the local population Which projects for building and reconstruction NUMBER OF IMMEDIATELY ENDAGERED PERSONS AND USERS NUMBER OF USERS OF LOCATION AFTER DEMINING 5) PROPOSAL FOR DEMINING / TECHNICAL SURVEY OPERATIONS AND POSSIBLE METHODS OF WORK Provide proposal for MRE that will be conducted at the location demining or technical survey. Take into consideration topographic characteristics and vegetation, propose possible methods of work that can be applied (manual, ED teams, mechanical preparation) on a defined task or assessed parts of the task. Provide recommendation if on certain part of the task more than standard depth of demining is needed (describe part of location and elaborate). EXISTENCE OF PHYSICAL OBSTACLES AND OTHER HARDENING CIRCUMSTANCES Write down obstacles and circumstances, which might influence operations of demining or technical survey, as well as provide possible proposals. 6) PROPOSAL FOR PERMANENT MARKING AFTER CLEARANCE Is it necessary to conduct permanent marking after clearance, if yes, on which part? 7) PROPOSAL FOR ADDITIONAL EDUCATION OF POPULATION ABOUT MRE Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre V - 6/12 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D Is it possible to conduct additional MRE educational activities for the population 8) DECLARED AREAS WITHOUT OBVIOUS RISK DEFINED ON THE SKETCH WITH COORDINATES 1. History of war operations (was the location in question within the confrontation lines?) 2. Information on mining, notifications on mines found (Central data base, police, Civilian protection, Entity armies, other sources of information) 3. Information on mine accidents and incidents (Central data base, police, Civilian protection, other sources of information) 4. Statements of the local population (interviews) 5. Status on the ground (usage of location, signs of mine existence) 9) RISK ASSESSMENT Based on the conducted procedure of General Survey (which is a containing part of the BH MAC SOP) as well as expert processing of all available information, in accordance with criteria for classification of the surveyed area, it is stated that a part (or the entire area covered with report: -risk area defined for demining (defined with coordinates on the sketch) - Risk area defined for technical survey (defined with coordinates on the sketch) - Area without obvious risk (defined on sketch with coordinates) Containing part of the Survey Report form is a sketch of declared areas of the surveyed location. Annex: -Record on information gathered during general survey by the use of interviews -Official notes and other notifications -2 photographs - Copies of minefield records gained through survey, which are not in the database - General survey request and request upon which the same is issued GENERAL SURVEY TEAM: 1.)……………………………………… (Team leader signature) 2.)……………………………………… (Surveyor signature) TECHNICAL CONSULTANT FOR OPERATIONS CHIEF OF THE REGIONAL OFFICE …………………………………………. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre V - 7/12 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D Annex C, Chapter V CENTAR ZA UKLANJANJE MINA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI CENTAR ZA UKLAWAWE MINA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA MINE ACTION CENTRE No:.......................... Date ..............20__. Pursuant to No 16. Of the Chapter V of the Standard for Mine Clearance and EOD operations in Bosnia and Herzegovina, BHMAC issue, For:………………………………….….. (Submitter) SUBJECT: Technical Opinion Reference: Your request No: ……………….. Dated…………...20__. Location: ______________________ Municipality___________________ (Name of Location) The expert team of BH MAC surveyors had conducted the GS of the stated location, all in accordance with SOP, in the period of .…………20__ Based on the technical reviewing of all available during the time of survey, and in compliance with criteria for classification of areas without obvious risk, the following is issued: Technical Opinion Stated location is declared as area without obvious risk regarding mine presence A consisting part of Technical Opinion is the sketch with the graphic illustration of the stated location. By the conduct of General Survey, it cannot be estimated if there are possible unexploded ordnances (UXO). We ask that the users move on the stated location carefully. Provided they encounter a UXO, not to do any activity but to inform Civilian Protection Technical team for UXO. Chief of the BH MAC office Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre V - 8/12 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D Annex D Chapter V CENTAR ZA UKLANJANJE MINA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI CENTAR ZA UKLAWAWE MINA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA MINE ACTION CENTRE Pursuant to Article 11 a) of the Demining Law in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Official Gazette BH, No 5/02), Mine Action Centre Bosnia and Herzegovina and the organisation create the RECORD About the technically surveyed area, containing basically of: I - Declaration on Technical Survey II - Official declarations on takeover of technically surveyed area III - Annexes I – DECLARATION OF DEMINING ORGANISATION ABOUT TECHNICAL SURVEY 1. Demining organisation 2. Declaration created by: (operations officer or programme manager 3. ID No of Task 4. Location (village, municipality) 5. Map (name- no of plan or map, scale and year of issuing) UTM Gauss Kruger 6. Grid system 7. Reference Point Y= X= 8. Datum point Y= X= 9. Start date and completion date Manually Mechanical p. EDD teams 10. Methods of work applied 11. Squaring of technically surveyed area ………………………m2 12. Depth of technically surveyed area ……………………..mm Yes No 13. Is technically surveyed area now without metal 14. Methods of internal control 15. Internal control conducted by and what is the size of sampled internal area in m2 Yes …………………………………….. No 16. Monitoring conducted by whom Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre V - 9/12 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D 17. Types and quantities of found or activated mines /UXO II- OFFICIAL DECLARATIONS ON HADNOVER / TAKEOVER OF THE TECHNICALLY SURVEYED AREA HANDOVER BY THE DEMINING TAKEOVER BY THE MINE ACTION ORGANISATION CENTRE BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA I hereby declare that technical survey of the suspect I, ……………………………………..., BH MAC (risk) area described in this document was conducted QC inspector, based on my own observations of the according to BH Standard for mine clearance and technical survey process and through technical EOD operations in Bosnia and Herzegovina to the inspection by the QC consultant stated depth and the assigned treated area is declared …………………………..., RO…………….., as as: well as the quality of sampling, take over the area ?? Without obvious risk ________________m2 , containing no mines, declared as area without obvious risk (AWOR) on behalf of the BH MAC. ?? Mined________________________m2 According to BH Standard for mine clearance and Based on the method(s) applied, area without obvious EOD operations in BH, for AWOR stated in risk does not contain mine and is handed over to BH technical survey a Technical opinion can be issued. MAC as such. Area, which is declared as mined, according to Area declared as mined contains mines based on the observations and knowledge, contains mines and stated proofs of mining, and for such a task is to be has to be cleared.* created and it is to be cleared according to procedure.* Declaration of areas is shown on the ske tch with grid references of turning points and with accordance of ………………………………….. BH MAC inspection bodies. (Signature of the inspector) 18. Name and function of the responsible person in 19. Name of the BH MAC office chief demining organisation 20. Signature and stamp 21. Signature and stamp 22. No of Declaration………………… 23. No of record:…………………. Date of handover:………………………… Date of takover:………………………….. * Note down if there is stated and declared mined area III- ANNEXES: A) Annexes of demining organisatiton: Annexes a), b), c), d) and f) according to same example as in Annex A, Chapter VIII. e)-Graphical sketch of the taks – sketch in the scale on geodetic layers or high scale topograph map with grid references of the turning points and marked stated areas: area without obvious risk (AWOR) and mine threat reduced. For mines and UXO found state grid references. Sketch is to be done according to explanation and requests given with Annex A, Chapter VIII.. Additional sketch of EDD teams work (if conducted) with markation of boxes and EDD teams that search particular boxes. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre V - 10/12 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D g)-Description of sequence of task (problems in conduct of pan, faults stated in internal quality control and monitoring (if it was done) and by MAC inspections. If the faults are corrected, state the way of managing them, as well as state the type and number of mines and how the border of AWOR is set, the mined area border for clearance if such is not continued immediately, photographs of mines found etc.) h)-Record on notifying the authorities/final users of the ground with the border of AWOR and stated border of mined area. B) Inspection Annexes: Annexes a), c) and d) as same as exampled in Annex A, Chapter VIII. Annex b) Final Record on technical inspection (positive in the sense of quality of stating of declared areas in technical survey, in order for Technical Opinion for stated AWOR issuing, as well as for taking further actitivities on clearance for the stated reduced mined areas). CLARIFICATION FOR FILLING THE RECORD ON TAKEOVER OF TECHNICALLY SURVEYED AREA WITH THE DECLARATION, OFFICIAL DECLARATIONS AND ANNEXES General. Record on takeover of technically surveyed area with declaration, official declarations amd annexes, is a set of documents which in fact represents the final Report of Technical Survey taks. Original Report , after the verification process and issuing the Technical Opinion for Area without obvious risk or / and stated as mined reduced, (issued by BH MAC) will end up in database and BH MAC archives, along with the Blue folder of the taks. For the stated reduced area which is mined, a project documentation for clearance is created and the task as such is given for realisation. I – DEMINING ORGANISATION STATEMENT ON TECHNICAL SURVEY This part is filled by the demining organisation as explained in Annex A, Chapter VIII, except for the following: 11. State the squarage of technically surveyed area (entire area treated by method applied) 12. Depth of the technically surveyed area with method applied 13. Mark the square with “X” if the part immediately treated by technical survey is now metal free to the depth treated. II – OFFICIAL DECLARATIONS ON TAKOVER OF THE TECHNICALLY SURVEYED AREA This part is divided to the left, which is filled and conveyed by the demining organisation, and the right one to be filled and conveyed by BH MAC. It is filled as requested and explained in Annex A, Chapter VIII. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre V - 11/12 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D Annex E Chapter V CENTAR ZA UKLANJANJE MINA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI CENTAR ZA UKLAWAWE MINA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA MINE ACTION CENTRE No……………… Date………200_ Pursuant to Article 9 g) of the Demining Law in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Official Gazette No 5/02) and No 22 of the Chapter V of BH Standard, BH MAC issue TECHNICAL OPINION For the area stated as without obvious risk during the technical survey Technical Opinion relates to the following location and documentation attached: Location name MAC ID No Y Grid ref. Of the datum Municipality point X Area size (m2 ) Demining organisation (conductor) Mine Action Centre Bosnia and Herzegovina hereby confirm that technical survey of the suspect (risk) area conducted according to contents stated bellow: Ser Contents of activities and quality control 1. During the GS process the surveying bodies of BH MAC stated no signs of minim stated in the Criteria for Classification of the area in general survey 2. During the technical survey no signs of mining were found, while based on the status of ground (soil and vegetation), applicable methods of work were used (proposed by general survey), as follows -Mechanical preparation -Manual methods -Manual methods with EDD teams according to box system 3. Technical survey with the entrance to the suspect area according to approved procedure was conducted by demining organisation, in accordance to BH Standard requirements and according to approved standing operational procedures. 4. Technical inspection over technical survey o perations was conducted by BH MAC inspection bodies, who as well did not state signs of mining. 5. A record with the declaration is created, along with all official declarations and annexes, which proves that AWOR is stated with quality (marked on the sketch and with grid references) Annex: -Sketch of the site DIRECTOR Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre V - 12/12 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Cetnre BH S T A N D A R D Chapter VI EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE DISPOSAL INTRODUCTION 1. Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) operations consist of: detection, identification and demolition of UXO in site as well as removal, transport, storing or demolition at a specified site. EOD operations also include the render safe procedures for explosive devices (disruption of the fire/pyrotechnics chain), removal of explosive ordnance, which became hazardous by damage or deterioration or if the usage time has expired. 2. There is a large number of different types of UXOs containing very complicated technical solutions within each. Each and every UXO as well as every item stored has the potential to explode, and presents a separate issue and requests a sound EOD team organisation, high level of expertise, experience and creative approach for its elimination. AIM 3. The aim of this Chapter is to detail minimum requests EOD organisations must comply with in order to safely and efficiently conduct EOP operations throughout Bosnia and Herzegovina. SCOPE 4. Training. Only trained and qualified personnel are allowed to carry out EOD operations and EOD task supervision at different levels. Required level of training for EOD operations personnel is shown in Chapter I BH Standard. Civilian Protection Force is a specialised EOD organisation in Bosnia and Herzegovina. 5. Equipment. Personal protective equipment along with the equipment and tools to be used in EOD operations for detecting, disarming, rendering safe, neutralisation and final demolition of UXOs is attached in Annex B. 6. Team Composition. Minimum EOD team composition comprises of a team leader, EOD operator, medical and an ambulance driver. 7. UXO demolition is to be conducted by detonating only. All UXOs are to be destroyed on site, unless that would create hazard for the lives of people or great damage to adjacent infrastructure that cannot be prevented. 8. EOD operations consist of two levels: a) Demolition in situ of single mines or UXOs – conducted by demining teams. This level comprises mostly of following: 1. Anti-personal and anti-tank mines, 2. Hand grenades, 3. Rifle grenades, 4. Artillery grenades – mortar mines up to 82mm in calibre. The leader of the clearance team is routinely conducting demolition of these items, though he must be trained and adequately experienced. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VI - 1/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Cetnre BH S T A N D A R D b) EOD operations conducted by EOD teams, consisting of removal of one or more explosive items as detailed bellow: 1. All artillery grenades, air bombs and mortar grenades over 82mm in calibre. 2. All missiles. 3. All submunition, including cluster bombs KB-1 and KB-2. 4. Any other complicated UXO (containing chemical, biological, illuminating or smoke charges etc.), booby traps included. 5. Any type of UXO suspected to contain piezo-electric fuse. 9. Demining organisations conducting EOD operations within demining of area will employ EOD trained personnel only, or request assistance from a qualified team. COORDINATION 10. Good organisation, trained personnel, adequate equipment, compliance to SOPs and immediate supervision – those are the guarantees for safe and efficient EOD operations and elements that provide the trust for personnel conducting EOD, the population and the donors. EOD TASKING 11. If detected and identified UXO has to be removed in order to be destroyed elsewhere, it has to be pulled remotely. After a one minimum wait time, the team leader approaches the pulled UXO. Wait time after pulling raises depending on the type of item that is pulled. 12. After an UXO is pulled and wait time is over, the team leader firstly takes precaution measures neutralisation and/or disarming of the UXO. Secondly, team leader is organising removal towards previously designated and controlled area (whether permanent or temporary). He organises transport, storing and final demolition, as required. 13. Demolition in situ or at a previously designated and controlled area is conducted according to the procedure given in Chapter IV. All the necessary protective works are to be followed in order to diminish the hazard effect for local population and the infrastructure. 14. Removal of a UXO or any of its parts from the site, except for its demolitions, is strictly forbidden. 15. On encountering an unidentified UXO, EOD team is to secure the location, make photographs and measurement. EOD team is to inform the organisation’s headquarters. Organisation’s management, based on the information gathered, will consult national or international experts for the purpose of identification of UXO and RSP. Management of the organisation is responsible for the removal of the unidentified UXO. 16. Transport and storage of explosive will be done in accordance with standing BH regulations, as it is stated in Chapter IV of this Standard. Transporting of one or more pieces of UXO will be allowed only if the pyrotechnic chain in each of the UXOs is broken, it is safe to transport and/or if the UXO is packed so that it would be prevented from any kind of movement during transport (the safest transport is its original pack). EOD TASKING 17. Whether there is a single UXO encountered by a person or a team doing mine or house clearance, or a whole UXO scattered contaminated area, the EOD operations process should begin. An Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VI - 2/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Cetnre BH S T A N D A R D example of Combined EOD tasking, reconnaissance and disposal report is given in Annex A. Process itself will be conducted as follows: a. Nearest Regional E MAC office or Civilian protection is to be informed of the problem encountered. Then begins the process of gathering information by the person or organisation that provides the report, as well as on the location and information on the UXO. These are all entered into database. b. Entering data into first and 2nd part of the Combined EOD Report, this is to be done by BHMAC. If necessary, an authorised person will conduct a reconnaissance of the location in order to collect additional technical information on UXO. Priority is to be determined regarding the potential hazard to population and their property. c. When the Combined Report is filled (parts 1, 2 and 3), it is submitted for realisation to Entity Civilian Protection EOD team or an accredited demining and EOD organisation. d. EOD operation is conducted, full report on disposal is provided to BHMAC and information is entered into BH MAC database and archives. 18. Explosive ordnance reconnaissance. Whenever there is not enough technical information on UXO available to make a detailed tasking for an EOD team, an additional technical survey has to be conducted in order to gather more information. This is to be carried out by suitably qualified EOD personnel. 19. Area survey. When there is information on areas highly contaminated by UXO (scattered KB-1, KB-2 and other submunition), additional general or technical survey is to be conducted on the area. These surveys will provide necessary information for setting priorities, planning of teams and equipment for the EOD operation. 20. Planning. BHMAC will conduct the prioritisation of tasking and planning of deployment of EOD teams based on information gathered. Demining organisations or teams deployed on EOD tasks are to provide information on results of the tasks they were given. EOD organisation – teams will be formally tasked to complete written report, through the Combined EOD report. Additional: a. Full details of EOD planning and tasking are to be detailed in organisation’s SOP. b. Removal of certain UXOs requires the necessary scope of the task site layout to be conducted. If it comes to scattered UXO, then the entire task site layout must be conducted. c. Minimum safety distances must be applied when removal of scattered UXO is conducted from a larger area. Distances of pickets in working lanes can be increased to the maximum of four metres. d. Working methods in working lanes must be suitable with to the type of the UXO located. If the vegetation prevents the search for the UXO, it needs to be cut to the height that will enable detection of the item. If the detector is signalising for UXO, minimum-digging depth will be 20 cm, while the depth will be increased depending on the type of UXO and the soil itself. e. Clearance team along with an EOD team is able to conduct a scattered UXO search, but only in non-mined areas. After every single piece of UXO is encountered, EOD team leader is responsible for each further action related to its removal. Annexes: A. Combined EOD tasking, reconnaissance and disposal report B. Recommended EDO equipment list Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VI - 3/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Annex A Chapter VI COMBINED EOD TASKING, RECONNAISANCE AND DISPOSAL REPORT EOD task No _______________ Date______________________ 1. REPORTING PERSON AND LOCATION OF UXO a. Entity/Canton b. Municipality c. Locality d. Name and surname f. Tel: e. Title g. Fax: LOCATION OF UXO POINT OF CONTACT h. Map (name/sheet No./scale) k. Name and surname i. Map grid references l. Address j. Other information m. Telephone No n. Remarks 2. UXO DATA a. Amount b. Type c. Colour d. Length in mm e. Diameter in mm f. Remarks a. Situation of UXO h. Special equipment needed On the surface: Yes /No * (*underline applicable) Type: Other : i. Remarks on hazard level: j. Priority : A - B * (*underline applicable) 3. TASKING a. Tasked CP team:______________________________________________Tel/Fax No : b. Tasked demining organisation:___________________________________Tel/Fax No : Police support:_______________________________________________Tel/Fax No : Info to SFOR:________________________________________________Tel/Fax No : c. Date: d. Name, surname and title of tasking officer: (print name) Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VI-1/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD 4. DISPOSAL REPORT a. EOD team work b. Type of vehicle and registration No c. Kms DGT start ………......................... DGT end………......................... d. UXO DATA AMOUNT NAME TYPE / MODEL CONDITION e. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS -Identified / Checked condition / Packed for safe transport * (*underline applicable) -Transport by hand/vehicle * and distances in metres………………………………… =.....................m -Disposal on/bellow surface * in mm(if applicable) …………………………………=.....................mm -Height of mound above surface in mm (if applicable) …………………………………=.....................mm - Nearest hazard (type) and distance in metres .............................................=……...............m - Nearest house/building and distance in metres ……………………………………………=.....................m c. Disposal procedure g. DTG of controlled demolition h. Map reference and location of disposal i. Location of safe storage j. Remarks k. Authority present l. EXPLOSIVES USED TYPE QUANTITY -Explosive (type)............................................ ...................kg -Safety fuse ..................metre ………………………………………………… ..................pieces -Electric detonator ………………………………………. ..................pieces -Non-electric detonator (flash) ……………………… ..................metre -Detonating cord …………………………………………. m. Team Leader (print name and surname ) n. Signature o. Supervisor (print name and surname) p. Signature q. Authorised person from the organisation (name, surname, title) r. Date, signature and stamp s. Entered into BH MAC database (name and surname) t. Date and signature Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VI-2/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD EXPLANATION FOR FILLING IN COMBINED EOD TASKING, RECONNAISANCE AND DISPOSAL REPORT 1. A Combined EOD tasking, recconaisanse and removal report is issued for every location. After the task is finished, filled form is provided to E MAC (RO) or Civilian Protection that issued the task, in order for the data to be transferred into BH MAC database. Following explanation should be taken into consideration in order to keep reports standardised. a. Report letterhead is filled with date and EMAC (RO) or CP number, depending on who issued the task. b. EOD number consists of: - Letters abbreviations such as FMAC, RSMAC, FCP or RSCP - Six numbered serial No, e.g. FMAC 000001 or RSCP 000001 c. Information in Part i – person reporting and the location of the UXO are clear by themselves. d. Information in Part II – UXO data for the purpose of clarification and standardisation: 2a - Name of the UXO (type/model), e.g. hand grenade M75, TF mortar grenade 120mm, high explosives etc. 2b - Location of UXO, e.g. underground, under water, in a wall of a building, etc. 2c - Special equipment required, e.g. excavator, 2d - Remarks on UXO, e.g. precaution measures to be taken or applied already, 2e - Priorities: A – deal with the item instantly or as soon as possible, B – conduct priority A. e. Information in Part III EOD Tasking are clear by themselves Parts 1,2 and 3 of this Report are to be filled by EMAC (RO) or a CP only after needed information is gathered or additional surey teams or organisations engaged. f. Information in Part IV Report on removal (to be filled by the EOD Team leader and verified by the authorized person from the organisation. For the purpose of clarification and standardisation, following data should be written down: 1- Information on UXO, e.g.; 4 x artillery grenade/BE/75mm/fuzed/fired: 2 x 122mm mortar grenade, illuminating/defused/empty; 3 x RBR 60mm “Zolja”/firred; 3 x AT mines TMA-3/armed/booby trapped 2- Procedures used for removal (destruction in situ, transport to designated demolition area or deflagration). Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VI-3/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Annex B Chapter VI RECOMMENDED EOD TEAM EQUIPMENT LIST 1. Table shows a recommendation for a standard EOD Team equipment requirement. Ser Item Qty Remarks (a) (b) (c) (d) 1. Vehicle, double cabin, diesel engine, closed loading 1 compartment Communication Equipment 2. Mobile HF Radio or Telephone GSM 1 3. Hand Held VHF Radio 3 4. Battery charger for hand held radio 1 5. Spare battery for hand held radio 2 6. Magellan GPS 2000 or equivalent 1 General Equipment 7. Megaphone 1 8. Flashlight, large 1 9. Flashlight, small 1 10. Metal box for equipment 1 11. Wooden box for transport of UXO 1 12. Reel for firing cable 1 13. Fire extinguisher 6 KG 1 14. Metal box, green (explosives) 1 15. Metal box, red (detonators) 1 16. Plastic box or packaging for non-electric detonators 1 17. Warning flag 2 18. Padlock 2 19. Spade 2 20. Pick 1 21. Pruning saw 1 22. Hedge-trimming shears 1 23. 35mm camera 1 24. EOD Helmet with visor 2 25. EOD Body armour, vest and trousers 2 26. Mine detector 2 27. Bomb locator 1 28. Dearmer/disrupter 1 29. Rocket wrench 1 Including appropriate cartridges. 30. Mechanical wrench 1 As required. 31. Hammer 500g 1 32. Steel brush 1 33. Hatchet, 300mm handle 1 34. Prodder, metal 2 35. Tripwire feeler 1 36. Mine Marking cone 1 37. Bag for demining equipment 1 38. Hook and line set for remotely pulling UXOs: 1 39. 400kg strength Terylene/polyester line 100m 40. Reel for line 1 41. Snap-link karabiner 3 42. Single hooks, approx. 50mm - 90mm diameter 3 43. Double hooks, approx 50mm - 90mm diameter 3 44. Nylon or canvas strop 1 metre X 150mm 2 Double eyelet 20mm dia in each end. 45. Snatch block for pulling line 3 46. Pulley for pulling line 3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VI-4/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Consumables 47. Electric tape (roll) 3 48. Gloves, leather 1 Pair 49. Photographic film for prints, 35mm 200 ASA 2 Rolls 50. Spare battery for mine detector 4 51. Spare battery for megaphone 4 52. Spare batteries for flashlights 2 Sets 53. Firing cable 800m 54. Mine Marking tape 1 Roll 55. UXO/Mine sign 20 56. Sand bag – empty 57. Sand bag – full 20 Demolition Kit 58. Box for demolition equipment 1 59. Crimpers for non electric detonators 2 60. Leatherman Super tool 2 61. Blasting machine (exploder) 2 62. Galvanometer 2 63. Pliers 1 64. Shears, metal-cutting 1 65. Tape, measuring, 2 metre 1 66. Tape, measuring, 50 metre 1 Explosives Set 67. Plastic explosive 10 Kg 68. Detonator, non electric 5 69. Detonator, electric 10 70. Detonating cord, metre 150m 71. Safety fuse, metre 25m 72. Safety matches, box 1 Medical Equipment 73. Medical First Aid Kit 1 As shown at Annex B 74. Bottled water 4 litres Documentation Set 75. Briefcase for documentation 1 76. BH Standard 1 77. EOD Standing Operational Procedures 1 78. UXO Identification guide 1 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VI-5/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D Chapter VII COMMUNICATIONS, REGISTERING DATA AND REPORTING INTRODUCTION 1. An effective and safe communications network is to be established in order to plan, manage co-ordinate and control the demining operations in BH. Necessary registering of data is to be done as well as standardised reports. 2. Demining cannot be conducted without a reliable and comprehensive communications network between the personnel on the site and the demining organisation’s headquarters/operational centre. Registering data with clear and concise information on the progress and realisation of planned task enables the monitoring of the efficiency and planning further activities in the further BH demining programme. All the registered data is to be input into BH MAC database. AIM 3. The aim of this Chapter is to set standards for the following: communications systems within demining organisations, registering data and providing MAC structure with standardised reports. A) COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM - SCOPE 4. In order to co-ordinate mine action operations, all organisations require reliable communications network. They are to establish the following necessary principles, which are the set rules for discipline, clear and short transmission of information through the communication network by all users. a. Use of an organised call-sign system. b. Responsibility for all mobile stations to be able to establish and maintain communications with the base. Those are to be checked as a minimum once per hour during work. c. Operators are to be trained to adjust and attain frequencies and establish a radio link communications for the time of the day or a year. 5. In order to co-ordinate and control the operations, all the available communications systems are to be used, including: a. State communication systems network: This network provides regular telephone lines, mobile and satellite telephone connections. This is an operational communications system network that is used within the MAC structure, demining organisations and other participants. b. Regional network. This is a reliable network that provides HF radio communications. It is used to provide links between teams and regional / operational centres. VHF network can be used if circumstances allow. c. Task site network. This network provides a link between platoon commanders (site managers) and team and section leaders. Within a section, commander and a medical are to be linked at a minimum. 6. Organisations requiring frequencies will be allocated them after accordance with local authorities, in order to avoid disturbance or network duplication with other participants Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VII - 1/4 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D B) REGISTERING AND DOCUMENTATION NECESSARILY AVAILABLE AT SITE - SCOPE 7. It is necessary to use, register and keep on demining sites the following information: demining progress, task, means, safety, maintained means, quality control etc. All these information is to be registered and kept on site. These are to be kept either permanently or temporarily and should include the following: a) Standing Operational Procedures (SOP) of the organisation. Any demining operation has to be conducted in accordance with the BH Standard and approved by BH MAC through the accreditation process. b) Guide for UXO. Obligatory for every organisation that is conducting UXO operations. c) The Red Folder. Red Folder contains the information from BH MAC database about the suspect or mined area. The information was previously gathered through survey and input data from other sources. Prior to opening a task, every demining team must have a Red Folder E MAC issued copy with all available data on the task. d) Personal demining logbooks-accreditations and BH MAC valid authorisations for the conduct of demining for the personnel engaged on site e) Daily report or Dairy, in which following is documented: ID number, location, grid references, date and team’s activities during the day (according to explanation for filling the form in Annex B), daily quality control (how and by whom), daily productivity, number of mines and UXO found, data on methods of demolition and resources spent, verified by the team leader’s signature. To be held on task until its completion. f) Personal data, for personnel on the site, with their names and surnames, identification number, blood type, allergies, addresses and phone numbers. g) Registration of visitors, containing dates and times of visits, names and surnames, information about whom the visitors represent, blood type, allergies and signature column filled. h) State of detectors, type, number, daily check on quality location of UPMAH-3 (time an depth needed for location) workability and other data set by organisation – to be conducted by team leader i) Medical evacuation plan (MEDEVAC). Questions for contents provided in Annex X. j) Internal Quality Control Report, with ID number of the task, location, date and time of the control, control questions, status, measures taken, data about person who conducted control and else set by organisation. To be held at the site until the completion of the task. k) State of explosives and initiating accessories on site, with evidence of how much or them is spent. l) Daily Report on Mechanical Ground Preparation, with information about the task, type of machine, daily work of the machine, daily productivity, sketch and marked approximate locations of explosives, type of explosive device activated (if recognisable) and else set by the organisation. Report is done by organisation working with machines. m) EDD team accreditation sheet, with data on dog handler, dog and the time of accreditation’s validity. n) Daily report on EDD teams work, with data about the task, EDD team, daily productivity, sketch with approximate locations and results of indications in the boxes searched etc. as set by the organisation. The dog handler from the EDD organisation fills in the report and submits it to the team/section leader. REMARK: All records completed on the site will be archived in the organisation and then used for reports or attached with the Declaration on Clearance. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VII - 2/4 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D C) REPORTS - SCOPE 7. The following BH MAC standardised reports will be used in the processes of survey, mine and UXO clearance: a) Demining task conduct plan. This plan is filled by demining organisation and delivered to BHMAC minimum seven days prior to commencing the work on the task. If the task is to be followed by monitoring, plan will be provided to monitoring organisation as well. In case any change should happen (date and engagement of capacities as a discrepancy with the plan), demining organisation will inform in written form the Regional BH MAC office that is tracking the task. An example of conduct plan is provided in Annex A. b) Weekly report on activities for BH MAC. Report will be filled in by demining organisation and provided to BH MAC every Friday no later than 16.00 hrs. Report can be sent by regular mail, fax or E-mail and his purpose is to help tracking demining activities at particular task sites, planning and conduct of QC inspections as well as forecasting of possible completion of a certain task. An example of this report is provided in Annex C. c) Monthly progress report for BH MAC. Filled and delivered to BH MAC by demining organisation no later than the first Friday in a month for the past month, according to columns of the form provided in Annex D. Monthly report is the start of the process of collecting statistic data on sequence and results of demining per task, as well as reviewing total results and planning further activities in demining process in BH. d) Survey report. Completed and provided after completed general or technical survey, according to explanations provided in Chapter V. e) Declaration on Clearance (with annexes). Declaration is done by demining organisation after completion of a task. It is a containing part of the Record of Takeover of demined area or building and it is filled according to explanations provided in Annex VIII. f) Quality Control Certificate. BH MAC issues this certificate after the QC of clearance is checked, in accordance to explanation provided in Chapters VIII and XI. g) Combined Report on task issuing, survey and removal of explosive devices. Conducted during EOD operations, according to explanation provided in Chapter VI. h) Initial Mine Accident Report. Made and sent to BH MAC after a deminer’s or other mine accident happened, according to explanation provided in Chapter XIII. i) Technical Report on mines and UXO. Done when needed and attached to Declaration on Clearance or Combined EOD tasks Report, when larger amount of mines, UXO, booby traps or unusual and unidentified explosive devices are found on a task, that cannot be written into the Report or Combined EOD tasks Report. Regarding unusual and unidentified explosive devices, photographs are to be attached from different angles with comparison of dimension-known object, in order to state its size. An example for this report is provided in Annex E. j) Daily monitoring report (if done). Contains information required by the contractor regarding safety, quality and productivity in the conduct of the demining task. It is made for the need of the contracting organisation. A copy is given to demining organisation and is kept on the site until its completion; after completion it will be attached to Declaration on Clearance. k) Record on Technical Inspection on demining sites by the BH MAC inspection bodies. It will be kept on site until completion. An example is provided in Chapter XI. l) NOTAM report for airmen. To be provided to BH MAC minimum 24 hrs prior to separate demolition of more than 13,6 kg of explosives. AN example given in Chapter IV. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VII - 3/4 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D ANNEXES: Annex A: Demining task conduct plan Annex B: Daily Report (section, team) Annex C: Weekly Report on demining activities for BH MAC Annex D: Monthly Progress Report for BH MAC Annex E: Technical Report on Mines and UXO Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VII - 4/4 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Annex A Chapter VII Demining organisation ………………………………. No:…………. Dated……….20__. For: BHMAC, Operations Sector, Fax: 033 667 311 CONDUCT P L A N Of a demining task Task ID No:……………..,location:…………………………………….,type of work:………………………………,size of the task:………………….m2 Ser. Activity planned Resources engaged for Planned No of Planned daily Planned work Remarks the activity (name, working days/daily working hours (date) type and contents) productivity (m2) (from-to) Start Completion (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) Name and surname: ………………………….. (Operations person) …………………………. (Quality Assurance person) …………………………………… (Person responsible on behalf of demining organisation) Explanation for filling the columns of the form: (b)- Activities are stated in their sequence, e.g.: mechanical preparation; clearance with EDD teams work; planned rest time for teams; handover of the task etc. (c)- State engaged capacities according to sequence of activities planned, such as:: team for mechanical preparation ………….; demining team with 8 deminers and 2 EDD teams etc. (d)- Planned No of working hours as per activities, capacities engaged and planned daily productivity. (e)- Planned daily working hours per activities (from – to); (f) – Planned work per activity with the date of start and date of completion. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VII - 1/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Annex B, Chapter VII DAILY REPORT ……………………………………………………………………………… (demining organisation, function name and section-team sign) Date: Location and grid references: ID task No: Duration Record on duration of the demining activities and events (a) (b) INFORMATION ON WORK AND EFFECTS ACHIEVED Methods of a-detector b-prodder c-combination d-EDD teams d- machine (preceding work) work: Cleared: -……m2…..deminers, - ……m2…….EDD teams ………… -total:………………..m2 Mines / UXO found: Destroyed mines / UXO: Explosives spent for demolition: CASEVAC exercise …………………….20__. conducted: Team leader::………….…………………………………. Explanation for filling in the form: (a)-Time of start or activity duration (from – to). (b) – State activities and events related to the work of the team, based on which it will be clear: coming to the site, briefing and tasking, testing detectors, commencing works and time of work for a deminer within a two-men-team or individually, deminers’ shifts and pauses (individual and of the whole team), found and located mines / UXO, in which working lane, internal quality control by the immediate supervisor, (what method, sample size and measures taken), demolition time, stopping of work, leaving the task site etc. In the stated column there must be a record of authorised visitors, what measures were taken according to stated faults by senior supervisors as well as external quality controls. Other columns to be filled in according to the requests of the form. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VII - 2/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Annex C Chapter VII Demining organisation………………………… No…………. Dated……….20__. For: BHMAC , Operations Sector, Fax: 033 667 311 WEEKLY REPORT ON DEMINING ACTIVITIES FOR BH MAC FOR THE FINISHED WEEK (date) from __________to __________20____. Ser. MAC ID No, location Assigned area Realised m2 Estimated date of and grid references ( m2) Date of start completion Remarks Technical Clearance survey (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) 1. 2. 3. ……………………………………… (Person responsible on behalf of demining organisation) Explanation for filling in the form: (b)- Site information; (c)- Assigned (planned) area for work in m2; (d) – State weekly realisation of m2 of the technical survey task or clearance; (e) – Date of commencing works or expected date of commencing at any site in forthcoming four weeks. (f) – Estimated finish date for the works if they are still going on or the date of completion of the task; (g) – Any kind of remarks on demining activities on the site that might be of use to BHMAC. REMARK: Weekly report is to be sent by every demining organisation conducting humanitarian demining in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The Report can be sent by fax or be delivered in person to BH MAC, every Friday no later than 16.00 hrs. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VII - 3/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Demining organisation ………………………… Annex D No…………. Chapter VII From……….20__. For: BHMAC, Operations Sector, Fax: 033 667 311 MONTHLY REPORT ON DEMINING PROGRESS FOR BHMAC FOR MONTH_____________________20___. year MAC ID, location Sigh and No Working methods Type and No Type and No Cleared m2 Technically Fenced m2 Total Estimation of Ser. and grid references of the team of removed of AT mines area during the surveyed m2 During the completed of completion Remarks and total AP mines removed month during the month the task in % date personnel in during the during the month the team month month (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) (l) 1. 2. 3. 4. Additional General Remarks: …………….………………………………… (Person responsible on behalf of demining organisation) REMARK: Report on every demining task separately, filling in separate part of form and columns. Report is to be delivered by first Friday in the month for the previous month. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VII - 4/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Annex E Chapter VII TECHNICAL REPORT ON LANDMINES AND UXOs No SECTION ONE Demining or EOD Reported by (name, 1. organisation position, function) 2. ID task No Date of report 3. Nearest town Location of task 4. Map series Map sheet No 5. Scale Task grid ref. SECTION TWO 6. TYPES OF AP MINES CLEARED Totals DESCRIPTION OR REMARKS (a) (b) (c) (d) 7. TYPES OF AT MINES CLEARED Totals DESCRIPTION OR REMARK (a) (b) (c) (d) 8. No OF UXOs CLEARED Totals DESCRIPTION OR REMARK (a) (b) (c) (d) No OF BOOBY TRAPS CLEARED 9. REMARK: This report is completed, and if necessary, is attached to the Area Clearance Declaration or Combined UXO task Report. All information must take into account total area cleared of mines/UXOs. Photographs are to be used as additional description of unidentified or unusual explosive devices. All booby traps encountered are to be described comprehensively at a separate sheet. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VII - 5/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D Chapter VIII TAKEOVER OF THE DEMINED AREA OR BUILDING INTRODUCTION 1. According to BH Demining Law, the Takeover of demined area or a building from the organisation, is conducted by BH MAC after the successful completion of the task and required follow-up documentation, after which the organisation is provided with Certificate on Quality Control. 2. After the completion of the task, BHMAC and the organisation make the Record on takeover of the demined area or building (the Record). The Record represents the final task report containing: I- Statement on clearance by demining organisation, II-Official declarations on takeover of demined area and, III-Annexes. A sequence of activities for the task, as well as quality of the activities, must be visible from the annexes of both demining organisation and BH MAC, through daily reports, reports and records of internal and external quality control as well as successful sampling procedure. Annexes will prove that faults were corrected and required corrections successfully done. 3. Within the takeover of the cleared area, completion survey will be conducted with the presence of BH MAC inspection bodies, which will check the borders and verify the sketch for the task; the organisation will, after that, conduct the final marking of the borders of cleared area (Annex C). The organisation notifies the representatives of the authority / user about the borders of the cleared area, about which the separate Record is made. AIM 4. The aim of this Chapter in Standard is to state procedures and documentation needed for handover of the cleared area or building by organisation conducting demining and its takeover by the BH MAC. SCOPE 5. “Record on takeover of demined area or object” (Annex A) containing: Statement on Clearance by demining organisation, official declarations of the takeover and annexes, which will all be issued and stamped by demining organisation, with BH MAC additions. This Record presents the final report of a demining organisation on a certain location after the stated one is cleared from mines / UXO. The work on this document starts with commencing works for each operations and completes with the finalising of works for the ‘’contracted task’’, when BH MAC takes over the demined area or object. Explanation for filling this Record is provided in Annex A. 6. “Certificate on Quality Control in Demining’’ (Annex B) will be issued by BH MAC, after the demined area or object is taken over, which as well represents the verification of quality control of works stated by BH MAC inspection bodies, through technical inspections and sampling by teams engaged for sampling. The purpose of issuing this Certificate is to provide accurate and clear information about the conduct of working procedures and quality control of the demining organisation that conducted the clearance of an area of a building. Only the cleared area or a building for which the Certificate is issued will be entered in BH MAC database and archives. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VIII - 1/2 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D DEFINITIONS 5. Cleared area. An area is cleared when all the mines and UXO were removed from it or destroyed. All the parts of mines or UXO must be removed from the area for it to be stated clear, such as initiating systems (fuses) and other items that might present possibility for causing an explosion. 6. Clearance Standards. The area must be cleared from mines and UXOs to the required depth in order to suit its intention, which is not to be less than 10 cm. 7. BH Clearance Standards. All demining organisations conducting humanitarian demining in BH must handover the area which is cleared 99.65% as a minimum from all the possibilities of explosion, by removing mines and UXO to the depth no less than 10 cm. PROCEDURES 8. Demining organisation will notify the representative of the authority / final user with the cleared area, as well as the contractor, which will be documented in the Report, which is then attached to the final task report. 9. There can be only one ‘’Declaration of Clearance’’ issued as a consisting part of the Record on Takeover, which is submitted to BH MAC. Certificate on Quality Control and Record on Takeover of Demined Area follow the sequence shown in Annex D. 10. BH Government shall accept every area as cleared provided BH MAC issued for the stated area the ‘’Certificate on Quality Control’’. ANNEXES: Annex A: “Record on Takeover of demined area or building’’ with statement, official declarations, annexes and explanation for filling the forms. Annex B: “Certificate on Quality Control in Demining’’ Annex C: Demined area marking system Annex D: Diagram of procedure for Certificate and the Record. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VIII - 2/2 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Annex A Chapter VIII CENTAR ZA UKLANJANJE MINA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI ЦЕНТАР ЗА УКЛАЊАЊЕ МИНА У БОСНИ И ХЕРЦЕГОВИНИ BOSNIA AND HER ZEGOVINA MI NE AC TION C ENTRE Based on Article 35. of the Demining Law in BH (Official Gazette BH, No 5/02), Mine Action Centre in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the organisation create RECORD About handover of demined area or an object, with containing parts as follows: I- Statement on Clearance II- Official declarations on handing over of demined area or an object III- Annexes I – STATEMENT OF CLEARANCE BY DEMINING ORGANISATION 1. Demining organisation 2. Statement made by: (operational officer or manager) 3. ID task No 4. Location (village, municipality) 5. Map (name-No of plan or map, scale and year of issuing) UTM Gauss Kruger 6. Grid reference system 7. Reference Point Y= X= 8. Datum point Y= X= 9. Start date and completion date 10. cleared area m2 11. Depth of clearance yes no 12. Is area without metal now 13. No of houses/buildings cleared 14. houses/buildings cleared in m2 15. Methods of work used 16. Methods of internal control Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VIII –1/12 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD 17. Internal control conducted by and size of internal sampling in m2 Yes ……………………………………….. no 18. Monitoring conducted by 19. Types and Qty of mines / UXO removed II- OFFICIAL DECLARATIONS ON HANDING OVER THE DEMINED AREA HANDOVER BY THE ORGANISATION TAKEOVER BY THE MINE ACTION CENTRE I hereby declare that clearance of area (building) I, ……………………………………, BH MAC described in this document (final report) is conducted QC inspector, based on my own observations and by BH Standard for removal of mines and UXO to the through the technical inspection of the task required depth conducted by QC consultant ……………………..., RO…..…………….., take over the stated cleared I declare that the area (building) cleared from mines area (building) on behalf of BH MAC, since the and UXO to required quality for safe use and I hand it technical inspection and sampling proved that over as it is to BH MAC clearance was conducted in accordance with BH MAC Standard requirements for removal of mines and UXO …………………………………. (Signature of the inspector) 20. Name and position of responsible person in the 21. Name of the Chief of BH MAC office demining organisation 22. Signature and stamp 23. Signature and stamp 24. No of declaration………………… Date 25. No of Record:…………………. of handover:………………………… Date of takeover:………………………….. III- ANNEXES: A) Demining organisation annexes: a)- List of personnel of the section (team, section) or more of them who conducted the task with function b)- Review of working days and working hours with effects achieved per engaged sections, teams and groups (information from the daily reports for deminers and EDD teams, special report for mechanical preparation if conducted) c)- Daily report (for deminers teams, EDD teams, mechanical preparation of the ground and monitoring, if conducted). d)- Review of equipment used in methods applied (name, type, quantity) Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VIII –2/12 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD e)- Graphic drawing of the site – sketch in scale on geodetic layers or high-scale topographic map with grid references of turning points and locations of mines found along with the type. Additional sketch of EDD teams work (if conducted) with marked boxes and EDD teams that conducted search in particular boxes. f)- Copies of internal QC reports (organisation’s QA personnel). g)-Description of the task sequence (problems in the conduct of the plan, faults stated by internal quality control, monitoring if engaged, MAC inspections, how the faults were corrected, comparison of mines found with known information about mining the area, description of activities showing reliability of the quality in clearance as required by Standard etc., significant photographs to prove stated above). h)- Record on notifying the authorised personnel / final user with the borders of marked cleared area. B)- Inspection bodies annexes: a)- Records from technical inspections (daily inspections). b)- Final Record on technical inspection (positive in relation to quality due to handover and issuing the QC Certificate). c)- Resolution of ceasure of further activities or repetition (if issued) along with other proofs stating competence and quality of demining task cleared d)- Sketch of the task’s progress CLARIFICATION FOR FILLING THE RECORD ON HANDOVER / TAKEOVER OF CLEARED AREA OR OBJECT/BUILDING WITH OFFICIAL DECLARATIONS AND ANNEXES General. Record on takeover of the cleared area or object/building with official declarations and annexes is a set of documents about the completed task of mine / UXO clearance, which is at the same time a final record for the task (hereinafter the Record). The original of the Record will, upon the ending of verification process and issuing the QC certificate by BH MAC, end up in database and BH MAC archives, along with the Blue Folder of the task. I – DEMINING ORGANISATION DECLARATION ON CLEARANCE This is to be filled by demining organisation as follows: 1. Registered name of the demining organisation. 2. Name and surname of the operations officer or programme manager who created declaration. 3. Unique MAC ID for the task assigned for each particular site. 4. State names of villages, municipalities and locations where the tasks are. 5. State name, sign, scale and date of issuing of the map (map 1:25.000, as exception map 1:50.000) 6. Depending on grid reference system used, fill squares “X” if it is UTM or Gauss Kruger. It is forbidden to combine grid reference systems. 7. State full grid references (six numbers) for the reference point). 8. State full grid reference (six numbers) for the datum point. 9. State start and finish date. 10. State squaring of the cleared area of the task (projection of the area). 11. Depth of clearance in cm given for the task (standard or deeper, depending on information if mines were laid or got deeper into the ground, state intentional use of ground). 12. In square “X” mark if all metal that can be located with metal detector is moved up to stated depth of clearance (standard or agreed deeper). 13. State number of cleared houses/objects. Every separate object to be stated separately. 14. Squaring of houses/objects counted according to checked areas of separate rooms (floors, walls, ceilings). 15. State what methods are used on the task (manual: detector, prodder or combined; mechanical preparation if preceded). Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VIII –3/12 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD 16. State what methods of internal quality control were conducted according to internal QC records, area in m2 where the sampling was conducted through internal QC. 17. State name and surname of the person in organisation responsible of QA in the demining organisation structure, who filled the QC reports and to whom that is the exclusive task. 18. Put an “X” for monitoring, if conducted, and state organisation that did it. 19. State exact type and quantities of all the found mines and UXOs; if necessary, attach a technical report on mines and UXO with photographs and description, as a proof they are non-identified or unusual (booby-traps). II - OFFICIAL DECLARATIONS OF TAKING OVER THE AREA This part is divided to the left, which is filled by demining organisation and right one filled by BH MAC. In the right side, for official declaration of takeover, names of inspectors who tracked and took over the task will be written and stamped by BH MAC. 20. and 21. State name and position of person responsible in demining organisation (director – programme manager responsible for the demining organisation registered in BH) and the name and position of responsible person on behalf of BH MAC. 22. and 23. Signature of stated persons will be stamped. 24. and 25. Numbers of evidencing in demining organisation and BH MAC with the date of handover and takeover of the cleared area or building. III - ANNEXES A) DEMINING ORGANISATION ANNEXES: Annex a) – List of person in a team or teams with functions, who conducted the task, is to be done by the following example: LIST ………………………………………………………………………………….. (Name of the function of team, section, group) Ser. Name and surname Function Remarks (EDD name etc.) 1. Team leader 2. Deminer (depute as well) 3. Deminer …… 4. Dog handler….. 5. Paramedic 6. Driver Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VIII –4/12 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Annex b) – Review of working days and working hours with efficiency achieved per engaged sections, to be done as in following example: REVIEW Of working days and efficiency achieved per deminer and EDD teams Ser. Day-date pf Effective working Deminers engaged/ EDD teams Types and quantity of work hours achieved m2 done engaged / m2 mines / UXO found done 1. 15.03.2002. 5 8/520 PMA-2=2 pieces 2. 16.03.2002. 5 7/560 4/2000 PROM-1=1 pieces 3. 17.03.2002. 5 8/520 2/800 Mine instant for MB 82mm= 1 piece Total: 4 15 23/1600 6/2800 PMA-2=2 pieces PROM-1=1 pieces Mina 82mm=1 pieces REVIEW Of work per day and effects achieved of the mechanical preparation with machine/s ……………………………………………………………………………………………… (brand and type) Ser. Day-date of work Effective hours Machines engaged/ m2 done Estimated type and qty of achieved activated mines/UXO 1. 05.03.2002. 7 1/4200 PMA-3=3 pieces 2. 06.03.2002. 10 1/6000 PMA-3=5 pieces PROM-1=2 pieces 3. 07.03.2002. 8 1/4500 Total: 3 25 3/14700 PMA-3=8 pieces PROM-1=2 pieces Annex d)- Review of equipment used in methods applied to be done as follows in the example REVIEW Of equipment used in methods applied Ser. Name, brand, type Pieces Remark 1. Metal detector EBINGER EBEX 420Si 2 2. Metal detector VALLON ML 1620B 4 3. Prodder 8 4. Digging spade 8 5. Set of tools for cutting vegetation 8 Scissors for grass, scissors for fruit, small handsaw etc. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VIII –5/12 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD 6. Scissors for cutting wire 2 7. Motor saw HUSVARNA, sword length 300mm 1 Etc. Annex e) –Graphic layout of the site - sketch Sketch is to be made according to following requirements: (1) For making a sketch, use the following methods for creating a site sketch: • Measure bearings and longitudes (compass with minimum division of 10). • Polar or orthogonal taking of the details • Taking grid references for detail points from geodetic layers (scale of 1:10000 or greater) • GPS system with accuracy of up to 1 m. • Combining the stated methods. (2) When creating a site this way and making a sketch for it, it is necessary to achieve minimum accuracy as follows: • Setting reference and datum point with accuracy of 0,3 mm x M (M – scale name) • Closure of the polygon is to be done with accuracy of 0,3 mm x M. (3) When counting squaring of cleared area (m2) use following methods: • Calculating squaring of cleared areas from turning points grid references. • Calculating squaring of cleared areas from original measures from the ground. • Calculating squaring of cleared areas using devices for calculating (plannimetres). • Combination of methods stated above. (4) For site sketch creation use geodetic layers of larger scale such as: • All scale cadastral plans (1:500; 1:1000; 1:2000; 1:2500; 1:5000). • BSM – Basic State Map (1:5000; 1:10000). • Orto-photos and / or aerophotogrametric records • Sketches of details records. Exceptionally, if there is no geodetic layer of larger scale, use topographic maps of a scale of 1:25000 and 1:50000. c) Site sketch as a minimum must contain the following: (1) Direction of North / approximate scale. (2) Stated landmark point and datum point (grid references included). (3) All details of area cleared (turning points with grid references or bearings and distances), as well as grid references of locations where mines were found (4) Location of safe lane (lane). (5) Location of access lane (lane). d) Along with the sketch there must be a table of grid references for turning points or bearings and longitudes. If bearings are used, it is necessary to count in the reparations for closing up the meridians and magnetic declination. e) Examples for creating sketches are given in Annex A Chapter V of BH Standard Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VIII –6/12 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Annex B Chapter VIII CENTAR ZA UKLANJANJE MINA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI ЦЕНТАР ЗА УКЛАЊАЊЕ МИНА У БОСНИ И ХЕРЦЕГОВИНИ BOSNIA AND HER ZEGOVINA MI NE AC TION C ENTRE No………………….. Date, ………200_. Pursuant to Article 36. of the Demining Law in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Official Gazette BH, No 5/02) and para 4. of Chapter VIII BH Standard, Mine Action Centre Bosnia and Herzegovina issues CERTIFICATE ON QUALITY CONTROL CONDUCTED IN DEMINING The Certificate relates to following location and attached documentation: Location name MAC ID of the task Y Municipality Grid references of the reference point X Demining organisation – Area in (m2) task conductor Mine Action Centre Bosnia and Herzegovina hereby state that Quality Control in order for making a demining task safe, conducted according to contents stated bellow: Ser Contents of activities and quality control 1. After General Survey procedure is completed, BH MAC created and assigned the working task. 2. Demining organisation complied with BH Standard requirements and conducted work according to approved Standing Operational Procedures (SOP). 3. Internal quality control measures in demining organisation were conducted according to procedures in the approved SOP. 4. During the conduct of the task, a technical inspection was done by BH MAC QC inspection bodies. Faults that were stated were corrected upon the request of inspection. 5. During the technical inspection, quality control was done by sampling according to ISO 2859-0, applying the method of random pattern. No mines or UXO were found during sampling down to contracted depth, which is stated in the final report on the technical inspection of the completed demining task. 6. The Record has been made about the takeover of the demined areas along with the Declaration of Clearance, official declarations and annexes that show the works were completed in a quality manner by the demining organisation. DIRECTOR Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VIII –7/10 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Annex C Chapter VIII CLEARED AREA MARKING SYSTEMS 1. Requirement. Cleared area marking is to be both obvious and lasting. Cleared area marking must meet the following minimum basic requirements: 2. Signs. Once a site is cleared, the most acceptable marking method would consist of the following: a. A concrete based metal marker (5 x 5 cm squared or “L” shaped 5 x 5 cm) will be flushed into the ground for permanent marking of the Datum Point. The marker is to be 1.2 m above the ground level and alternately painted in red and white stripes at every 20 cm. Task ID number is to be engraved on a metal plate on its top. This type of marking will reduce the possibility of re-clearing the cleared area. Example shown bellow the text. b. Permanent marking. When a task site has been cleared, each turning point on the perimeter of the cleared area will have three 20 – 30 cm steel pickets driven flush into the ground at 50 cm distance (one marking the top of the turning point, other two marking directions towards other turning points). This will ensure that turning points can always be located with the metal detector if there is a need to re- establish the perimeters if the area cleared. Example shown below the text. If the ground is such that it is impossible to drive pickets into the ground, then high visibility paint splashes; a minimum of 30 cm in diameter will be applied to rocks, road surfaces or adjacent walls, as an alternative to pickets. c. Semi-permanent marking. All the turning points (except for the datum point, which has its permanent metal marker,) will be marked with 0.5m high white tipped pickets at every 50 metres of direction, following the perimeter of the area cleared. These pickets will enable establishing of all the turning points of an area cleared within the period of one year, as well as prevent the area from re-clearance. Example shown below the text. 1) Location of the datum point permanent metal marker as well as of all the steel pickets marking turning points must be clearly drawn on the sketch, which is submitted within other clearance documentation. 2) Locations of semi-permanent markers of the turning points of the parameter of cleared area at every 50 m of direction (0.5m high white tipped pickets) do not have to be drawn on the sketch, but are to be written down as an Annex to the Declaration document. 3. Boundaries. Mine clearance is to comprise the whole of the task issued. Wherever possible, the boundaries of cleared areas should coincide with natural or artificial boundaries, such as a road, a river or the edge of the wood. If only a portion of suspected / mined area is cleared, and suspected or mined areas remain adjacent, than the cleared area must be fenced with a mine barrier, along the line where it joins the uncleared area. Fencing with mine barrier shown in Chapter II of this Standard. 4. Marking verification of area cleared. When an area has been cleared, it is to be formally handed over to the representative of the authority / final user. A representative of the organisation that carried out the mine clearance or technical survey is to walk the boundaries of the cleared or surveyed area with a local representative/final user and an EMAC QA inspector who will verify the marking and the sketch of the area cleared. a. Marked border of the cleared area must be clearly marked and shown to the representative of the authorities / final user, as well as BH MAC representative. When the area cleared in this manner is walked over by both representatives and when the final Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VIII –8/10 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD user is notified about the size and marking of the area, the Record is to be made, which is then attached with the Final / Completion Report. b. Record is to state that all sides have checked and agreed upon marked boundaries of area cleared. Record is to have their signatures and the date. Presence of EMAC representatives or other interested parties is to be recorded as well. ID No engraved directly or on a steel plate -1.2m above the ground level, painted alternately red and white at every 20-cm - 0.5m minimum, concrete, flushed into ground - Permanent metal marker for Datum Point marking. Square or ‘L’ shape, 5x5cm every 50m of direction -white tipped pickets 0.5m above ground level - standard metal pole (or nail) 20-30 cm long 50cm -Permanent and semi-permanent marking of turning points and outer perimeters of area cleared Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VIII –9/10 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Annex D Chapter VIII ROUTING DIAGRAM OF THE RECORD OF HANDOVER / TAKEOVER OF DEMINED AREA AND CERTIFICATE ON QUALITY CONTROL IN DEMINING BY BHMAC-a DEMINING ORGANISATION RO BHMAC 2 Inspection body BHMAC office Sarajevo or Banja Luka OTWT department 3 Municipality where the works were done BHMAC Sarajevo Operations Sector Director BHMAC 1 Plus: Certificate on Quality Control of the cleared area BHMAC Department for planning, analysis and reporting REMARK: RO BHMAC Inspection Body who is tracking the task is checking the final task report of the demining organisation (Record on takeover / handover of the cleared area with statement of clearance, official declarations and annexes); after done so, he delivers the documentation for further procedure to inspection bodies of BHMAC Sarajevo or Banja Luka office. After singnatures, the BH MAC office inspection body will prepare Certificate on Quality Control in three copies, which are delivered to BH MAC director for signature. After signed, all three copies will return and distribute as follows: - One copy is put into the Blue folder and along with other documents delivers it to BH MAC for archiving and entering into database. - Second copy (with the Handover/Takeover document of the cleared area and the site sketch) is delivered to demining organisation for getting paid for their work and possible copying for their own archives. -Third copy (also with Handover/Takeover document and the site sketch) is delivered to municipality where the demining was conducted. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre VIII –10/10 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Cetnre BH S T A N D A R D Chapter IX SAFETY INTRODUCTION 1. Safety measures outlined in this chapter deal with humanitarian mine clearance and EOD operations. These measures must be applied and complied with for the reasons of deminers’ safety. This chapter addresses the minimum safety measures required for mine survey, marking, mine clearance and EOD operations. Activities mentioned cannot encompass the whole of safety measure and equipment that could be applicable for all situations. Depending on the situation assessment, additiona l measures than minimum should be applied if necessary. AIM 2. The aim of this chapter is to detail the minimum safety measures that need to be input into demining organisations SOPs as well as applied in mine clearance and EOD operations. SCOPE 3. This chapter addresses the minimum safety measures and requirements for the following: personal protective and working equipment, safety distances, survey procedures, requirements for task site layout, mine clearance and EOD operations, storage and transport of explosives. MANAGEMENT AND SUPERVISION 4. Management and supervision of all the personnel involved in any of the demining activities must comply with the Standing Operational Procedures that are further in compliance to BH Standard through the accreditation process. All amendments and annexes to the SOP can be applied after BH MAC approved them. 5. All personnel involved in demining operations must have attended appropriate training detailed in plan and programme for particular demining qualifications (Chapter I). All personnel must be experienced and in good health conditions. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT 6. Personnel involved in demining activities must wear protective equipment in accordance with the conditions and assessed threat. Regarding safety, the design and cha racteristics of the equipment should be sufficient for the following: a. It should protect the most vital parts of the body and prevent life threat in case of activation of the explosive device. b. It should be light so that men with average physical capabilities would not be fatigued when wearing it. c. It should enable free movement required for demining activities and depending on the body position needed for particular task. d. A person wearing protective equipment should feel comfortable in it during summer and that PPE allows wearing more clothes under it during winter periods. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre IX - 1/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Cetnre BH S T A N D A R D 7. Threats learned from analyses of demining accidents that have occurred so far in BH indicate that the minimum personal protection equipment to be used as body protection is: 8. Face Visor. This protection has to cover the entire face, including sides, forehead and neck. Visor is to be of such design and long enough to fully align inside or outside the neck cover of the jacket collar. Material for visor must enable good visibility without changing either the sight or the distance of what is seen through it. Dog handler’s visor can be adapted (a hole made for the mouth) for easier communication with the EDD, though its function must not be diminished. Additional equipment for upper and backsides of the head can be provided by a helmet, if the organisation (or at the deminer’s / operator’s) request. a.This visor must meet the standard of protection, capable of withstanding, as a minimum, a v50 rating (dry) of 285m/s for 1.102 fragments (refe r to STANAG 2920) and be tested in accordance with US NIJ 0101.03 standards. b. Visor can be used for the maximum of one-year period since various changes occur within the chemical composition, mostly due to sunlight, variations in temperature, as well as physical damages. a. Protective Jacket. The jacket is to protect upper part of the body including the chest and the sides, the neck, the shoulders and upper part of thighs including groin. Additional protection for the back, arms and legs can be adapted by free choice, i.e. according to the organisation’s decision or a deminer’s / operator’s request. (1) The jacket must be capable of withstanding, as a minimum, a v50 rating (dry) of 450 m/s for 1.102 g fragments (refer to STANAG 2920) and in accordance with US NIJ 0101 03 the standards (2) Protective jacket should be tested every three years in order to check if their characteristics still meet its standards b. Additional special protective equipment. This includes special clothes, blankets etc., in case of EOD operations and removal of special explosive devices that contain toxic chemical or flammable components. This kind of equipment has to be fire and high temperature proof. It should be stipulated in organisation’s SOP what kind of equipment is used and for what purposes. c. Footwear must be comfortable and protect form environmental conditions. It is recommended to wear blast protective boots (where possible) or military’s working boots. TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT 9. Appropriate tools and equipment are to be used in order to provide safe and efficient demining activities. As an annex to SOP, groups according to type and quantity should detail all these means, in order to enable the assessment of their suitability according to their quality and quantity. This is necessary to be compared with the suggested structure and demining activities for which the accreditation is requested (survey, area clearance, house clearance, and machine preparation of the ground, use of EDDs or UXO clearance operations). Working equipment can be divided into the following groups: a. Vehicles, machines and devices, b. Personal protective equipment, c. Tools for work in the working lane, d. General tools and equipment for work, e. Additional materials (mine tape, stakes, paint, paint brushes, nails, mine signs etc.) Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre IX - 2/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Cetnre BH S T A N D A R D f. Demolition equipment, g. EOD removal equipment, h. Medical equipment, i. Communications, j. Equipment for measuring and observation etc. 10. Tools for work in the working lanes must be sufficient for the following minimum requirements: a. Small in dimensions (light and suitable) and easy to be controlled during manual work. b. Only cutting tools used in a horizontal plane are to be used for cutting vegetation in the forward part of the lane (to the maximum of 0.5m in front of the base stick). c. The use of vertical cutting tools is not allowed as well as robust horizontal cutting tools in the forward part of the lane, such as: machete, axe, scythe and a sickle. d. More robust horizontal cutting tools or even vertical cutting tools used in a horizontal plane can be used for removal of trees (with over 5cm in diameter) in the working lane behind the base stick especially if it cannot be avoided because of their density. Particular care must be taken that there is no tripwire attached to the tree or that a cut tree does not fa ll into an uncleared area. All cutting is to be done as close to the ground as possible. 11. Metal detector. Metal detector must have such abilities to locate a PMA-3 fuse at the minimum depth of 10 cm (PMA-3 is the mine with the least content of metal in it). BH MAC will test one of each design and type of detectors and issue a permit for the suitable ones. There must be manual and battery lasting time stipulated in the organisation’s SOP. 12. Prodder. In order to efficiently locate a mine at an angle of 300 and the depth of 10cm, its working part has to be 20 cm long as a minimum. 13. Vegetation cutting tools must have a sharp blade and be easy to handle (grass scissors, small sickle, shears or secateures, small hand saw). 14. Trowel. Small sharp edged ga rden trowel is used for digging around the located suspect items. A suitable knife can be used for this purpose. GENERAL SAFETY MEASURES General safety measures must be applied during mine clearance and EOP operations: a. Minimum safety distance (for blast type AP mines) between deminers in working lane is to be 25 metres. This distance may be increased depending on the type of a mine. b. One metre of the working lane will be marked as cleared of all mines and UXO, while the clearance will include 10cm safety overlap on both sides of the lane. c. Under no circumstances is anyone allowed to step over a mine tape of any minefield sign. d. All demining activities will be halted if any person enters the 25 metres area around the deminer in his working lane (immediate supervisor and inspector excluded). e. Team Leader and senior supervisor are entitled to halt any individual or any mine clearance or EOD operation, if it is considered unsafe. f. Prior to task site layout, all designated areas to be used will be cleared if suspect. This will include all access lanes, safe lane and following designated areas: control point, Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre IX - 3/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Cetnre BH S T A N D A R D parking lot, rest area, equipment and explosive storage area, medical area etc. g. An access lane to the safe lane (minefield) will be laid out from the direction of the safe area. This lane and all cleared areas are to be checked (if considered necessary) at the end of every working day as well as each morning prior to work, in order to confirm the previous day conditions. h. Metal detector is to be checked on regular basis and maintained properly. i. When locating the source of the signal given by the detector, prodding is to start at least 10 cm from the edge where the detector had indicated. j. There has to be a medical orderly on the site, a suitable and ready vehicle with an operational communication system. All operations are to be halted if medical orderly and/or the vehicle are not available or if the communications are broken. k. Emergency first aid and evacuation (CASEVAC) procedures must be applied. They are to be exe rcised at the start of each new task and once a month at the minimum. l. All mines and UXO are to be destroyed in situ, unless it presents a hazard to people and their property, providing the hazard cannot be eliminated by protective measures. On encountering a tripwire, it is to be signed and a deminer opens a new lane. m. If a tripwire is found, all adjacent demining works are to be halted until both sides of the tripwire are located. Procedures for locating the tripwire and its sides are detailed in Chapter III. After both sides are located, the mine attached can be destroyed. n. No mine or UXO is to be removed until approved by the team leader. o. All mines and UXOs are to be destroyed at the end of the working day or at the prearranged time. They can also be destroyed at designated demolition areas. p. If a mine or UXO cannot be destroyed in situ and has to be moved for further action remote pulling procedure is to be applied. After an item is pulled remotely, section/team leader or a supervisor will define further removal activities. q. If a mime accident happens on the task site, all demining activities are to be halted for a minimum of 24 hours. The team in which the accident occurred will have a day of re- training related to the possible cause that could have led into the accident. If recommended by IB, demining can be stopped for a longer period, as well as the timing and the topics of re-training. r. Minimum personal protective equipment during demining operations will be full- face visor and a protective jacket. s. Storage and transport of explosives will be done in accordance with existing rules and regulations in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Safety measures further detailed in Annex IV). t. Every mine accident will be investigated and reports submitted to the Director of BH MAC. The Demining community will be issued a Lesson Learned, documented sheet about the accident. REMARK: Other Chapters of this Standard also deal with special safety measures that should be used during demining activities. Minimum safety distances at site and safety distances for demolitions of various types of explosive devices are attached in Annex 1. VISITORS ON SITE 15. During mine clearance and EOD operations site visit could occur. All visitors are received at the control point by the team / section leader. After identification, (if necessary), the visit is approved. Official visitors will be informed on the site, size, who the team consists of, daily Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre IX - 4/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Cetnre BH S T A N D A R D productivity, mines or UXOs found, safety measures etc. Official visitors may enter danger area provided they are within following limitations: a. No visitor is to interfere with mine clearance or EOD operations. b. Every visitor must wear minimum protective equipment. c. Team leader will halt the work as soon as the visitor approaches the 25 minimum distance from the working deminer. d. Visiting group must not exceed four persons and must be escorted by a team / section leader. REMARK: Unofficial visitors shall not be allowed entering dangerous areas. Annex A: Table 1: Minimum safety Distances on Site Table 2: Safety Distances for Demolitions of Particular ED Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre IX - 5/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Annex A Chapter IX Table 1: MINIMUM SAFETY DISTANCES AT THE SITE Ser. SITUATION Minimum Remarks distance (m) 1. More than one working lane. 25 Minimum PPE 2. Two-man team in a working lane. 25 Minimum PPE 3. Daily explosive storage and other areas 50 4. Parking area, medical area and area that is being 100 cleared 5. Control point, rest area, equipment storage and 100 area that is being cleared REMARK: These minimum safety distances do not imply to be safe so they will be increased depending on the situation. Table 2: SAFETY DISTANCES FOR DEMOLITIONS OF PARTICULAR ED Ser. TYPE OF EXPLOSIVE DEVICE Shrapnel Safety fragmentation (m) distance(m) 1. Antipersonnel antimagnetic mine 100 2. Antipersonnel fragmentation, bouncing of directional 200 300 3. Antitank antimagnetic mine 400 4. Antitank shaped charge mine 1000 5. Hand grenades and trombone mines 200 300 6. Mortar grenades up to 76mm calibre 500 750 7. Mortar grenades from 76 mm to 105mm calibre 600 900 8. Grenades from 105mm-122mm calibre 800 1200 9. Mortar grenades from 122mm - 155mm calibre 1200 1800 10. Grenades over 155mm calibre 1500 2250 REMARK 1: Distances set in the table do not imply any protection works for demolitions or shelters for personnel (either natural or artificial). REMARK 2: When explosive devices are destroyed in pits covered with ground, safety distance will be counted as 500 metres for 10 kg of explosives and will be increased for 100 metres for every additional 10 kg of explosives. REMARK 3: Protection works are undertaken in order that safety distances can be reduced. REMARK 4: Regarding EOD operations, every SOP must contain safety distances depending on the type of explosive device, demolition place and amount of protection works undertaken. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre IX - 1/1 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D Chapter X MEDICAL SUPPORT AND CASUALTY EVACUATION INTRODUCTION 1. Mine clearance operations will not commence without acceptable medical support cover, if there is not an evacuation plan that everyone fully understand, and have practised. Evacuation plan is to be applicable to every particular site... 2. All personnel involved in mine clearance operations must be in good psychological and physical conditions. Medical ability checks are to be done on a yearly basis in an appropriate medical facility. AIM 3. The aim of this chapter is to detail the Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre requirements for medical support cover. This would include emergency resuscitation, stabilisation of the wounded and their further evacuation. SCOPE 4. Mine Clearance operations will not commence if the medical cover support is insufficient of unavailable. Additional principles: a. A medical orderly with appropriate equipment will be sited within five (5) minutes of each area where there are operations of clearance, technical survey or marking. A medical assistant will provide within 5 minutes emergency first aid, resuscitation and stabilisation of large-scale injuries. If he / she estimates that more complex medical support is needed of a qualified trauma doctor, he / she will take the injury to the closest medical facility for more complex medical care prior to medical evacuation to a properly equipped hospital. Every medical assistant must have immediate access to an ambulance, which, during demining and EOD operations is used for NO other purposes. b. If necessary, specialised treatment is provided in a properly equipped hospital no less than 60 minutes from the moment the first emergency aid is provided. There may be a possibility for further recuperation of the injured person. DEFINITIONS 5. Medical Coverage. Three components integrated: a trained medical orderly, a designated vehicle (with a driver) and a nominated medical facility / hospital. 6. Designated vehicle: High drivability vehicle with a room for a stretcher to fit in. It is to be equipped with portable medical equipment and communications, always prepared for emergency. 7. Medical Equipment: This equipment comprises minimum needed equipment, material and medications stated in Annex A. 8. Medical orderly: A person must have attended and passed a basic deminer’s course, al least minimum high medical school education and verification exam, which proves that medical orderly is capable of providing higher lever of medical support. 9. Casualty Evacuation (CASEVAC). Evacuation of the injured person from the place where the accident occurred toward the designated safe area for the purposes of basic life Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre X - 1/ 3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D support, resuscitation and stabilisation of injuries, or additionally, evacuation to the nearest medical facility where a more complex medical care can be provided for stabilisation of injuries. 10. Medical Evacuation (MEDEVAC). Evacuation of the injured person from the area where the first medical aid or more complex medical aid was provided onward to the specialised medical facility (surgical hospital) for further treatment. COORDINATION 11. Medical coordinator and a medical assistant will coordinate all the preparations regarding medical support cover and evacuation plan. Medical support cover and the evacuation plan must be available prior to as well as during all the times mine or EOD clearance operations are being conducted. Those preparations will include the following: a. Ensuring that all personnel involved in demining operations have gone through a basic first aid course as well as practised CASEVAC before mine clearance operations commenced. b. Locating and visiting the nearest medical facility and making necessary arrangements. c. Establishing arrangements for eventual further medical evacuation (MEDEVAC) from the site or the nearest medical facility to the appropriate specialised medical facility (hospital) where an entire treatment can be provided. d. Preparing evacuation from the site to the nearest medical facility. Primary and alternative route must be known and written on the sketch, along with the distances, contacts, etc. e. Practising CASEVAC prior to site opening, then practise routinely at least on a monthly basis. CASEVAC practises will be put down in order to calculate time needed from the first accident signal, Basic Life support provided by a medic, accommodating injured person into the vehicle onward to the further medical evacuation. f. Updating documentation on all the personnel present at the site with their blood groups, possible allergies and other important data. 12. CASEVAC procedure encompasses the following: a. Casualty evacuation from the accident site to the nearest safe area where emergency first aid is provided by the nearest deminers. CASEVAC is done under the control of the site supervisor. In case when an injured deminer is in an uncleared area, supervisor will organise clearance and extrication to the safe area. b. Medic will organise deminers at the rest area and approach with stretchers onward to the part of the safe area that is nearest to the injured deminer. c. Once in safe area, the injured deminer will be provided a higher level of life support by the medical orderly, with a help of deminers where his injuries will be stabilised. Medic will organise the stretchers and deminers to take the injured person into the designated vehicle. d. According to the medic’s estimation, injured person is transported either to the nearest medical facility for more complex care or to the specialised medical facility (hospital) for the entire surgical/medical treatment. Primary transport is by road, since the comfort and safety of the casualty in transit is more important then speed. 13. There has to be continuous communication with organisation’s HQ during the CASEVAC. HQ of the organisation will notify the hospital of the accident and perform activities according to the information from the site . Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre X - 2/ 3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D 14. A medic and a designated vehicle with a driver must be on site at all times during mine clearance operations. There will be a list of team members with all the medical data in the designated vehicle, along with the evacuation plan. 15. After an accident has occurred, work is to be ceased for the minimum of 24 hours. All personnel in the state of shock must be taken care of. Accident site will be closed as well as the entire site. Witnesses to the accident will to be listed and a report will be sent to both BH MAC and the nearest police station. ANNEX A: List of necessary medical equipment Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre X - 3/ 3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Annex A Chapter X THE LIST OF NECESSARY MEDICAL LIFE SUPPORT EQUIPMENT – LEVEL 1 Ser Item Qty Remarks (a) (b) (c) (d) Contents of medical orderly movable equipment 1. Airway, disposable 1 Adult size 2. Pocket Mask (Artificial respirator) 1 3. Cervical Collar 1 Dressings for Medical Orderly Bag 4. Personal field dressing 4 5. Abdominal / Chest dressing 2 6. Burn dressing 2 7. Triangular bandages 3 8. Elastic aid bandages 2 9. Adhesive tape 2.5 cm wide 1 roll 10. Gauze pads 15 x 15cm 5 11. Gauze rolls 15 x 15 cm 5 rolls INTRAVENOUS FLUIDS / EQUIPMENT FOR MEDICAL ORDERLY BAG 12. Ringer Solution (1 litre) 2 13. Intravenous set 2 14. IV Cannula 18g 3 15. Alcohol swabs 25 NON-DISPOSABLE EQUIPMENT FOR MEDICAL ORDERLY BAG 16. Thermometers (with disposable sheaths) 1 17. Scissors (Super shear paramedic scissors) 1 18. Tourniquet – arterial ( 1 meter) 2 19. Kramer Splint (for upper limbs) 1 20. Kramer Splint (for lower limbs) 1 21. Stretcher (foldable) 1 DRUGS FOR MEDICAL ORDERLY BAG 22. Morphine auto-injectors 5 ADDITIONAL EMERGENCY MEDICAL EQUIPMENT 23. Airway Guidel 2 24. Manual Ventilation Bag and Mask (Ambu) 1 25. Resuscitator (Oxygen, Suction and Ventilator Functions) 1 26. Laryngoscope Set 1 27. Stethoscope 1 28. Blood Pressure Set (Aneroid - Automatic) 1 29. Surgical Set (Venous Cutdown) 1 31. Tourniquet Arterial (1 meter) 2 32. Tourniquet Venous 1 33. Surgical Blade holder 1 34. Scissors sterile 1 35. Torch Light 1 36. Ringer Solution (1 Litre) 2 CONSUMABLES 37. Colloid Solution (500cc) 2 38. Intravenous sets 3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre X - 1/2 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD 39. Suction Tubes (Oropharyingeal) 5 40. Intravenous Cannula (18gr) 3 41. Syringes ( 10cm3) 10 42. Syringes (5cm3) 10 43. Glucose 5 % Solution (1 Litre) 1 44. Water for Injections 20 45. Alcohol swabs (buffers) 100 The equipment stated above is a minimum recommended equipment f or a medical orderly of a section / team. It is used for resuscitation, (revitalising, managing loss of blood and trauma help). Apart from what is stated above, a medical orderly should have some pain killers and drugs against temperature sufficient for a team. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre X - 2/2 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D Chapter XI QUALITY ASSURANCE INTRODUCTION 1. Quality Assurance in humanitarian demining combines systems of checks and activities encompassing organisation, planning, selection of equipment, training, procedures and all other phases of demining on site that shall confirm that managerial actions and operational procedures of demining adequate, as well as the requirements set are accomplished in a safe, adequate and useful manner. Quality Assurance system in conveyed in a way, which will result in trust of deminers and final users of the cleared ground. 2. Quality Assurance process in demining in BH is conducted in accordance with the Demining Law of Bosnia and Herzegovina (The Law), Standard for Mine Clearance and EOD operations in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH Standard) as well as approved standard operational procedures (SOP). AIM 3. Quality Assurance in humanitarian demining operation has for its aim the application of stated norms and procedures that shall enable the safety of people as well as required quality of the ground demined. SCOPE 4. Quality Assurance of humanitarian demining operations, including technical survey, encompasses: a) Technical Supervision over humanitarian demining operations conducted, including technical survey that is conducted by inspection and other BH MAC bodies in accordance with the Law, the Standard and SOPs approved. Technical surveillance is conducted through: (1) Planning activities, including projects, workouts and issuance of tasks for demining, technical survey and permanent marking. (2) External Quality Control which follows the demining procedures through BH MAC inspection bodies and ensuring the handover of areas declared as technically surveyed and cleared. (3) Sampling of a cleared area (4) Final technical inspection and issuing the Certificate of Quality Control. b) Estimating and issuing accreditations to demining organisations which are technically, organisationally and according to resources available capable for the conduct of humanitarian demining operations in accordance with the Law, the Standard and SOPs approved. c) Process of training and testing which encompasses planning of the training, approval of training plans for demining organisations, control and participation in the conduct of training, testing personnel, EDD teams, equipment and mechanical equipment for work in Bosnia and Herzegovina. d) Safety on site and safety measures during acitivities on site e) Internal Quality Control of a demining organisation is conducted through the section leaders (team leaders), site manager, Quality Assurance officer and visits to the site by the Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre XI - 1/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D management of the organisation. Each internal Quality Control is kept in written by the contents of controlled questions with the status found, measures taken, all including the result of organisation’s own sampling with managing the sketch and marking the sampled area of the site. Internal organisation of work and control within the demining organisation is to achieve maximum of safety for deminers and users of cleared ground. f) Supervising by the contractor (monitoring) is conducted within all accredited organisations in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Supervision (monitoring) encompasses control of the compliance with the procedures of the contract made between the contractor and the demining organisation. This supervision is by no means obligatory and is conducted at the request of the contractor. BASIC PRINCIPLES 5. Every organisation must, within its organisational structure, have a person who is responsible for Quality Assurance for the complete demining operation – the Quality Assurance officer. The Quality Assurance officer must be capable for this work and must have appropriate authorisation issued by BH MAC for the Quality Assurance in demining operations. Person in charge for Quality Control in demining organisation cannot be engaged in other operational tasks within a demining organisation. 6. Quality Assurance officer produces a plan of quality control for the site; he visits and controls every single site at least once in five working days and produces report on those visits. 7. Quality Assurance officer in a demining organisation is responsible to the external Quality Assurance. Lack of work or misconduct of the Quality Assurance officer presents harsh violation of the vocation’s rules, which is an imperative and critical mistake for which re-clearance may be asked for the area cleared from the previous inspection. If any of these irregularities repeats, it will be suggested that the Quality Assurance officer of the organisation is denied his authorisation for work. 8. BH MAC must be notified about the start of activities on any site by the demining organisation 3 days prior to the start. Demining organisation is due to provide BH MAC with the demining operations conduct plan 7 days prior to the start of activities. In case any changes should happen concerning the conduct plan, demining organisation shall notify BH MAC on time, at least 3 days before. Personnel responsible for operations and Quality Assurance in the demining organisation approve the conduct plan. The conduct plan is to consist of: managerial and operational staff on the site, number of EDD teams, number and type of metal detectors and machines for mechanical preparation, possible engagement of subcontractor, scheduled activities and deadlines. In cases when in it is stated that the conduct plan is not in compliance with the Law, the Standard and approved SOPs, BH MAC shall ask that the conducted plan be re- arranged to comply with the stated. Plan example is provided in Annex A Chapter VII. 9. The sampling method is approved by IMAS 09.20 and made in compliance with the Main Principles of ISO 2859-0, therefore accepted for the BH Standard as well. Procedures of technical supervision with the sampling method and documentation needed are regulated by the BH MAC SOP for the technical supervision over humanitarian demining operations. Prior to operations start, demining organisation and BH MAC inspection bodies are to comply their methods, equipment and time for sampling, as well as critical mistakes that may happen as a result of sampling. Complied critical mistakes in demining procedures present reason for which the demining organisation may be return to do re-clearance. Engaged resources for sampling may include capacities of demining organisation that is performing the task (under constant supervision of BH MAC bodies); BH MAC resources may as well be included, as well those of other demining or monitoring organisations. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre XI - 2/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D 10. Quality Control Certificate cannot be issued unless sampling is conducted in the framework of technical supervision over humanitarian demining operations on a certain area and to the certain depth. Setting the area for sampling is conducted in accordance with the sampling plan and the dynamics of work on the site, in cooperation with engaged demining resources. The size of the sample, sampling itself and the sampling plan are set by BH MAC inspection body. Results of sampling are entered into the record that is made by the conductor of sampling, and the record is approved by the BH MAC inspection body. 11. In accordance with the BH MAC Standard requirements, the estimation of productivity on a part or on an entire area is conducted by BH MAC inspection bodies, with the presence of the responsible person on the site. The estimation of the productivity has for its aim that the practical productivity of a demining team is shown through demined area in a certain period of time. Starting point for the estimation of productivity of EDD teams is BH MAC tested productivity, while the measurement for estimation of productivity of mechanical equipment productivity will be the report of separate machines tests. Theoretically possible productivity in clearance according to BH Standard procedures is attached in Annex A. 12. Technical supervision of BH MAC inspection bodies encompasses every demining site in Bosnia and Herzegovina for which BH MAC had issued the task. In case information is gained that demining was conducted on area for which BH MAC did not issue the task, inspection bodies urgently supervise the site and take measures in accordance with the Law. 13. Inspection body visit the site starting from the day one on the task. They get familiar the task manager with the main characteristics of the site and estimate if the demining organisation meets the requirements for starting their activities. After all details are in accordance, inspection body inform the demining site manager about the level of technical supervision that shall be conducted on the site. No matter what the level shall be, each site shall be visited when the activities start and end, plus additional visit at least once during the demining operations on the task. 14. There shall be different levels of supervision: forced, normal, diminished and skipped. The supervision level on site depends on faults spotted during the operations on the task. The supervision level reflects the trust into the demining organisation. The level of supervision determines the frequency of quality controls on the site as well as the size of area to be sampled. Basic criteria for setting the level of technical supervision are defined in BH MAC SOP for technical supervision over demining operations. The visit of inspection bodies shall not in a great measure disturb the demining process, while the entrance to the operational part of the site is to be conducted with the presence of the team leader (site manager). This also stands for approaching the deminer in his working lane in order to state the quality of his work. 15. In the sense of the Law, the faults would be all faults that are spotted and recorded by BH MAC inspection bodies, which might violate the Law, the Standard and SOPs approved. Faults of great concern for safety or quality of work shall be considered as critical faults. 16. When a BH MAC inspection body spot faults on demining site, the demining organisation shall be required to remove the stated ones immediately, or shall be given a reasonable deadline for their removal. In case critical faults are noted, BH MAC inspection body shall instruct the demining organisation to repeat the operations done on the defined area using same demining methods. 17. All procedures, measures and activities on site that endanger safety of demining personnel, near-by inhabitants and material goods shall be immediately seized and recorded. 18. If a demining organisation did not make corrections to critical faults found, BH MAC inspection body is obliged, with the approval of MAC RO chief, to stop the operations on site Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre XI - 3/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D and suggest the issuing of the Decision for Banning of all further operations. This Decision may also be brought in case a demining organisation is not correcting the repeated faults within given deadline, as well as if it does not accept the repetition of activities on the defined area. In sever cases, when a demining organisation is not capable of overcoming the irregularities, BH MAC inspection bodies may start the procedure of taking away their accreditation. 19. Written Decision of Banning of all further operations is issued by BH MAC inspector, at least three (3) days after operations on site are stopped. Upon receiving this Decision, the demining organisation may appeal to the BH MAC Director, who shall make the decision for the appeal within three (3) days. 20. It is the responsibility of demining organisation that conducted demining on a certain area to remove the mines and UXO to the certain depth, which the same organisation has stated in the Statement with official declaration and annexes. 21. BHMAC is responsible for the conduct of technical supervision over demining operations in accordance with the Law and the Standard, upon which BH MAC will issue the Certificate on Quality Control. 22. After technical supervision is conducted, the BH MAC inspection body make the record in which the faults are noted. This record is to be signed by the responsible person on the site. All faults recorded by the BH MAC inspection body must be corrected prior to sampling procedure. 23. Demining procedures used that are not in compliance with SOP and BH Standard, and therefore do not ensure the required quality of demined area, must be repeated with the same demining method and procedures. Irregularities that led to re-clearance must be noted in the record, supported by photographs and shown on the sketch as an area for repeated clearance. 24. Ddemining operations cannot start where there is no safety of the operational staff or if there is lack of medical support, communication system on site, minimum required protective equipment, protective equipment and tools required by Standard, contracts of the operational staff with the accredited organisation and authorisation for work of operational staff. 25. When a mine or UXO is encountered during the technical supervision visit (where the depth is defined either by Standard or the contract), BH MAC inspection body shall suggest to the MH MAC Regional Office inspector that the demined area which was not sampled is re-cleared. 26. If there is a piece of area within the task, which is being intensively used by local population (ploughing, cattle feeding, no accidents in years), it is necessary to make re-survey, exclude the stated area from the clearance task. New borders of the task are to be defined with the agreement between the contractor and conductor (organisation). 27. If EDD teams search an area, it is necessary prior to sampling for the demining organisation to remove vegetation up to 5 cm with non-demining tools. EDD searched boxes must stay marked until the sampling procedure is over. 28. If a mine or UXO is encountered or an explosion happens at a task for which the Certificate of Quality Control is issued, BH MAC shall convene an investigation board in order to investigate the origin of the mine/UXO, make conclusions and suggest measures. 29. Supervision by the contractor may be done by supervising organisations (monitoring), who are engaged by the contractor and who are accredited by BH MAC for monitoring. Monitors engaged on site in such organisations must have finished either course for monitors or course for Quality Assurance, as well as adequate BH MAC authorisation. Monitoring organisations cannot conduct affairs, which are in immediate jurisdiction of BH MAC and its bodies. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre XI - 4/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D 30. Monitors on site are obliged to inform BH MAC inspector bodies about all they notice while inspection is visiting the site. ANNEXES: Annex A: Theoretically possible productivity in clearance according to BH Standard procedures. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre XI - 5/5 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D Annex A, Chapter XI THEORETICALLY POSSIBLE PRODUCTIVITY IN CLEARANCE ACCORDING TO BH STANDARD PROCEDURES 1. By exclusion of all the factors influencing productivity, and based on BH Standard, as well as experiences gained so far, possible theoretical productivity according to methods reviewed would be as follows: a) PRODDING AND THEORETICALLY POSSIBLE PRODUCTIVITY (1) 1,2 m x1 m with prods at each 25 mm (to 10 cm into depth, under the angle of 30 degrees is 20 cm) = 2.009 prods x 2 seconds per prod is =1,11 sati. (2) For 7 hrs of continuous work of a two-men-team it is possible to achieve 7:1,11=6.3 m2 and make (6,3 x 2.009)=14.063 prods b) WORK WITH THE METAL DETECTOR AND THEORETICALLY POSSIBLE PRODUCTIVITY (1) 1,2m x 1m with 2x sweep with the detector head, at speed no higher than 0,1m/s and overlapping with half of detector’s head (about 15cm), it will take 2,66 minutes. (2) 1 hour = 60 minutes : 2,66 minutes = 22,5m2. (3) For 7 hours of continuous work of a two-men-team it is possible to achieve 7x22,5=157,5 m2. c) WORK WITH THE EDD TEAM (dog handler and the EDD) (1) An area of 10x10 m=100 m2 is as average searched by an EDD for 15-22,5 minutes, where the EDD is searching at 0.5 metres distances. At a mechanically prepared area, achievement would be: 1 hour = 400 m2, while for 3.5 hours of effective work it would be up to 1.600m2. Without mechanical preparation of the ground, as a reality based on experience, ‘’A’’ category for 1.5 hour = 400 m2 or 1.000 m2 for 3.5 hours of effective work; ‘’B’’ category: 2.16 hours = 400 m2 or 700 m2. TABLE: Theoretical productivity for 7 hours of work in m2 METHOD OF WORK CATEGORY OF THE GROUND/ REMARK m2 “A” “B” (-10’) “C” (-20’) Prodder 4,5 4 3 Deminer in a working lane works for 30’ and rests for 10’. Immediate effective work is 5. 6,3 5,5 4,8 Two-men-team.Each deminer’s immediate effective work in the lane is 3,5 hours. Metal detector 112/220* 90 75 Deminer in a working lane works for 30’ and rests for 10’. Immediate effective daily work is 5 hours. 155/300* 130 105 Two-men-team. Each deminer effectively works in the lane for 3.5 hours daily. Combined 60 50 40 Deminer in the working lane works for 30’ and (prodder and MD, rests for 10’. His immediate effective daily each 50%) work in the lane is 5. 80 65 55 Two-men-team. Each deminer effectively works for 3,5 hours per day. Moving ground – 60 Deminer in the working lane works for 30’ and search in work lane by rests for 10’. hand, trowel etc. on a His immediate effective daily work is 5 hours. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre XI-1/2 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D mechanically prepared 75 Two-men-team. Each deminer works area with standard effectively 3.5 hours per day. ground disturbance EDD team EDD team searches the boxes after mechanical 1.600 preparation of the ground – 3.5 hours of effective work Real and experience based 3.5 hours of 1.000 700 effective work on a ground without mechanical preparation Remark: In the stated ground categories, we have taken into consideration vegetation only, while with ‘’B’’ category we calculated a bit longer work (10’) for vegetation removal, and for ‘’C’’ - 20’ for vegetation removal. We calculated longer work per EDD team per box for category ‘’B’’ because of harder search. The work is prolonged for 10’. * After mechanical preparation: one detector head sweep behind machines that disturb the ground as required to standard, minimum to 10cm of depth Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre XI-2/2 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Cetnre BH S T A N D A R D Chapter XII EDD TEAMS SEARCH INTRODUCTION 1. Using the EDDs as a method of detecting mine and explosive device, and after that clearance of the area from mines and UXO, has been intensively used in BH according to Standing Operational Procedures of EDD organisations. BHMAC will support further development of the EDD programme, since in proved to give good results especially in: reduction of suspect areas in technical survey, tracking first mines in low density areas where there is no precise evidence on mine locations; clearance of hard surface areas and metal contaminated areas (buildings, macadam roads, stony, concrete and tarmac surfaces, railroads, waterpower lines…); clearance of areas after mechanical preparation with the disturbance of soil; sampling procedures in quality control in demining and clearing the lanes in order to approach the possible victim as soon as possible. 2. EDD teams are not by themselves a means of mine clearance, but their exceptional sense of smell enables them to detect explosive vapor contained in the mines or UXO and some can be trained to discover tripwires. AIM 3. The aim of this Standard is to detail BH MAC requirements in quality assurance in technical survey and area clearance by EDD teams, standardisation of procedures for all demining, especially EDD teams organisation; the aim is as well the set-up of the most possible trust for the final users of the ground treated with EDD teams, as well as for direction of the further development of the programme. SCOPE 4. This document covers the standards of EDD breeding, their training, conditioning, testing procedures and usage in demining operations. It also regulates the training and duties of handlers and trainers and management of EDD organization. Accreditation of EDD teams and EDD organizations is the subject of a separate document – EDD Teams Accreditation Guide for EDD teams organisations. Guidelines for accreditation of EDD teams and EDD organizations DEFINITIONS 5. Explosives Detection Dogs /EDDs are dogs trained to detect munitions by smelling (mines and UXO) and indicate their location by a specific behavior. Their pedigree, training at a recognized dog school to acknowledged standards and, by following their recorded achievements, guarantees successful additional training and usage as EDDs. 6. A Dog handler is trained to use EDD to identify and mark the location of explosives (mines and UXO) in a given area. The handler should have attended and passed a basic deminer’s course. 7. An EDD team consists of a dog handler and EDD, trained as a strong interdependent unit, to search a prepared suspect area and indicate presence of explosive (mines and UXO). A verified dog trainer does training of dog handler and EDD and their bonding into a unit. 8. An EDD organization is a demining organization capable of training, conditioning, testing and maintaining its own dogs and EDD teams, and using them according to their own SOP. If they lease their EDD to other organisations, they should lease at least one group of EDD and care must be taken that the SOP of the organization is compatible with their own. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre XII - 1/4 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Cetnre BH S T A N D A R D 9. Utilization of EDD teams is the method of work in suspect or mined areas where at least two EDD teams work independently in the same prepared area (box), and if there are no indications, or after the area has been manually cleared, the area is considered clear. 10. Indicated point is a place in a searched area which the EDD has positively indicated the presence of explosive (mine, UXO). Deminer using manual method of work further treats the Indicated point 11. A Box for EDD team is a defined, marked suspected area, prepared by deminers for EDD teams to operate, with maximum width of 10 m and length of 25 m. 12. A Dog Trainer is a verified person of the organization, responsible for establishment of EDD teams, their training, conditioning, testing and utilization, and he has to participate in preparation of SOPs and monitors operations of EDD team. 13. EDD group is a working organisational unit capable of conducting EDD search individually. As a minimum, it consists of: EDD team leader, two EDD teams, two manual deminers, medic orderly with medical vehicle, appropriate equipment and tools 14. . EDD group leader is an experienced deminer; he must know EDD procedures and must have organizational skills, with additional training for making sketches and precise documentation. The leader of demining unit can implement the role of the Group leader BREED OF DOGS 15. Any breed of dog with pedigree or mixed breed can be used as EDD providing it can meet the required criteria. Because of the high cost of training it is essential that in the selection process any defect of the breed be taken into consideration, which may later affect the performances of the operations. EDD TRAINING AND CONDTITIONING 16. All dogs must complete an initial period of obedience training followed by explosive detection training and bonding with the handler. The final training phase must incorporate operational training in a situation similar to that which the dog will encounter in the specific theatre of operations. When dogs are moved, from one place to another, they must be given sufficient time to acclimatise and get familiarised with the specific munitions they are likely to encounter before undertaking operational tasks TESTING PROCEDURES 17. All EDD teams must pass an official test in one of the several testing areas in BH in order to make sure that the EDD team can meet the required performance criteria. Testing procedures are prescribed in BH MAC SOP – EDD testing. EDD SEARCH TECHNIQUES 18. EDD search is conducted by the EDD group, either individually or within a wider demining team. Possibility of EDD teams work is defined by a group leader, which is his independent decision. 19. Prior to daily commencing the work, dog handler conducts a daily test with his dog, to check his capabilities of locating explosives at the daily test area, while the further work on the site is included in the daily test. 20. EDD team searches the prepared area, where the dog is intensively sniffing the ground. The dog must all the time obey the commands of his dog handler and act as totally dependent on him. The dog handler will set the sniffing direction with his voice, with or without a leash. The dog Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre XII - 2/4 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Cetnre BH S T A N D A R D handler must be aware that dogs have their limitations; he will immediately halt the work in the box if there is any kind of doubt for the safety or quality of dog’s work. 21. The search will be conducted during daylight, without falling and with enough evaporation from the soil. Work commences from the cleared working lane or a safe lane, in the direction set by the dog handler, having calculated the direction of wind, temperature, humidity, vegetation and else. EDD team group leader or EDD section leader will deploy EDDs in boxes, as well as organise their switch on the site, with the aim that every box on the site is searched with minimum of two EDD teams. Provided there are no indications or they are treated by manual clearance, box will be declared as cleared. 22. Activities after EDD’s indication: a) Dog handler takes out the EDD into the safe area and rewards him. b) Dog handler sets the sign within the safe area, at the edge of the box, in order to locate the indicated spot. c) Deminer commences his working lane towards indicated location, looking for mine, UXO or tripwire, using manual clearance methods; he does so unless he founds any of the stated or until the entire area is searched at the distance of minimum one metre from the indicated location. For that period, EDD will be deployed in another box, at a prescribed distance or resting in a rest area. 23. When the EDD search is conducted on a mechanically prepared area, preparation of boxes and EDD search will be conducted following the same procedures. If the EDD search is conducted over area where there has been standard mechanical disturbance of the ground, it is possible, according to procedure of working lanes search, deploy EDD teams in order to from search boxes. MARKING 24. Marking is done according to Chapter II of the BH Standards. The site must have the working lanes marked, defining boxes for EDD team search. Dog handler marks the working results of EDD team, by clear understandable signs that must not misguide him, the team leader or deminer. SAFETY MEASURES 25. Apart from the general safety measures in demining operations, for EDD operations particular measures must be followed: a. Operations with EDD may be carried out with accredited EDD teams that have successfully passed the test on the testing area of the organization and of the BHMAC. b. During the work dog handler should wear protective vest and a visor for face and neck minimum (it may have a hole for giving orders to his dog). c. Minimum safety distance from the EDD teams during the search is 25 m. d. During the work of EDD, a paramedic with the ambulance must be on site LIMITATIONS TO THE USE OF EDD 26. EDD teams are not to be used for clearance of mine fields, unless the rows of mines laid are known. In that case they can easily bee used for treating the area between the rows of mines. 27. EDDs are not used if there are trip wires, with EDDs not trained to locate them. 28. EDD cannot be used if the vegetation is too high and dense so that the handler cannot see the dog; in the vegetation that hurts the dog, or excite the snout (thorns, nettles etc.) or in an environment with a constant odor (chemical factory, garbage etc), Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre XII - 3/4 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Cetnre BH S T A N D A R D 29. When EDD teams discover the first mines, or approach the borders of minefield, (UXO does not count) demining of that area is continued by other methods or resources. 30. EDD are used within the temperature range of +5° C to 30° C and the wind with the speed less then 30 km / h (7m/s). 31. Minimum 5 days should expire after burning of vegetation or after machine soil preparation, in order for odours to stabilize, before EDDs are to be introduced to the site. RECORDING AND REPORTING 32. The results of EDD teams search are recorded by the EDD group leader or the team leader in a daily report, in which daily reports on EDD work are attached, written by the dog handler, according to requirements given in Chapter VII. He is responsible for Quality Assurance of areas searched by EDDs. Demining organisation for those tasks where EDD search was conducted will state within the Declaration on Clearance, the method of EDD search and total result with the sketch of EDD searched areas as well as with the remark of the EDD teams. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre XII - 4/4 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D Chapter XIII DEMINING ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION INTRODUCTION 1. Mine accidents and incidents will be immediately reported to the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the BH MAC. An accident has to be documented and investigated as soon as possible. Every deminer accident that occurs during mine or UXO clearance operations is to be subject of a full and independent investigation to identify the course and to recommend preventive actions for future operations. A BH MAC directed Investigation Board will conduct the independent investigation. It will not disturb the regular court /police investigation. Scope 2. All demining accidents must be investigated to assess the causes and develop procedures for future prevention. The following activities will take place on the occurrence of the accident: a. Task site casualty evacuation procedure is to be implemented and injured person(s) to be driven to the medical facility / hospital. Fatalities are to remain at the site until police and medical staff has attended the site. b. Immediate area or a lane where the accident occurred is to be sealed off and left the way it was when the accident happened. c. The “Initial Report” is submitted to BH MAC and the closest police station is notified. d. Investigation Board (IB) to be convened by the BH MAC Director within 24 hours of the accident. e. IB distributes a notification of the accident throughout the demining community in BiH, investigate the accident and submit the report along with the Lessons Learned to the Director within seven days. f. Lesson Learned will be distributed to all demining organisations in Bosnia and Herzegovina. DEFINITIONS 3. A mine accident occurs when a mine or an UXO is activated, with possible material damages, livestock and animals injured or killed, but not during demining or EOD operations. It is the obligation to inform the BH MAC on a mine incident using in order to enter it into database. Information is provided by the closest BHMAC RO, and could also be reported by other authorities or persons. (Use Annex A for reporting). 4. Deminers accident. As defined here, a deminer’s accident happens when an unexpected activation of a mine/UXO has occurred during demining or EOD operations with consequences for health or life. Incident is to be reported to BH MAC using Annex A, in order to review it as well as to make a lesson learned for the Demining Community for its future work. 5. Mine Incident occurred when a mine or UXO were activated but not during mine or EOD operations. Mine accidents are to be reported to BH MAC using the same procedure as for the Mine Accident. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre XIII - 1/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D 6. Deminer’s Incident. Incident caused by an activated mine or a UXO during the demining operations. Demining organisations is to report a Deminer’s Incident to BH MAC using Annex A. This information is used for the further investigation and the lesson learned for future work. 7. Personal insurance. All personnel employed in demining operations are to be covered by personal accident insurance. Minimum personal insurance in the case of death or serious injury with a continental scale is shown in Annex D. Financial compensation payments are to be paid to an injured deminer or to a deminer’s family in the case of death regardless of guilt or a responsibility. 8. Medical Expenses Coverage. A demining organisation is to additionally assure that a deminer’s medical expenses are covered in the case where he is required to have medical treatment or rehabilitation. It should be regulated through the employment contract. COORDINATION 9. The Director of BHMAC will appoint a Chairman of the IB and at least two members to the board from: BHMAC, BH MAC office and BH MAC Regional office. 10. Prior to departure towards the scene of the accident, IB is to issue an information bulletin to members of the BH demining community. 11. Organisations not directly involved with the accident may be requested by BHMAC Director to proved one person, to act as a member of the Investigation Board. The organisation that had an accident will normally be requested to appoint an observer for liaison and assistance to the IB during investigation. 12. All personnel, who were at the site where the accident occurred, should be available to the Board of Inquiry in order to help with the cause of the accident with their interviews. INVESTIGATION BOARD — TASKS 13. The Investigation Board work is conducted in a following sequence: a) Departure at the accident site as soon as possible, within 24 hours when possible, b) Initial visit to the site to confirm the location, access problems, site security (lane closure) and to review the site for reference when receiving statements. c) Analyse written reports from employees from the site and confirm the ‘’INITIAL REPORT’’ sent to BH MAC. d) Access the accident site and carry out the site evidence gathering. It is essential to remember that the site is mined until proven otherwise and that full security / medical cover must be available. e) After gathering evidence, conduct follow-up interviews with personnel who were on site when the accident occurred. f) Visit all the injured in the accident and obtain Death Certificate for the deceased (if available). INVESTIGATION BOARD 14. The Board is to carry out a full investigation and provide a written report to the BH MAC Director. One copy of this report will be delivered to the demining organisation that had the Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre XIII - 2/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D accident. If requested, copies can be issued to the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Insurance Company. Original report with annexes is archived in BH MAC coordination department. ANNEXES: Annex A: Initial Report on Mine / UXO incident / accident Annex B: Investigation Board Annex C: Contents of the Investigation Board report Annex D: Minimum Personal Insurance Coverage Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre XIII - 3/3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Annex A Chapter XIII INICIJALNI IZVJEŠTAJ O INCIDENTU/NESREĆI OD MINA INICIJALNI IZVE[TAJ O INCIDENTU/NESRE]I OD MINA INITIAL REPORT OF A MINE INCIDENT/ACCIDENT Izvještaj poslati u roku od 6 sati u BH MAC na faks 071 (0) 667 311 Izve{taj poslati u roku od 6 ~asova u BH MAC na faks 071 (0) 667 311 Send this report – within 6 hours – to BH Mine Action Centre, Sarajevo, Fax. 071 (0) 667 311 Izvještaj popunio Da li ljudi i dalje ulaze u ovo područje? T Da –Da –Yes Izve{taj popunio Da li qudi i daqe ulaze u ovo podru~je? T Ne – Ne – No Report made by Do people continue to go into this area? Datum inc.identa/nesre}e. Ako da, zašto? – Ako da, za{to? – If yes, why? Datum incidenta./nesre}e . T Zbog zemljoradnje — Zbog zemqoradwe– For farming Date of incident/accident T Zbog putovanja – Zbog putovawa –For travelling TZbog sakupljanja drva – Zbog sakupqawa drva – To gather wood Vrijeme inc./nes. TZbog lova/ribolova – Zbog lova/ribolova – For hunting/fishing Vreme inc./nes. T Zbog igre – Zbog igre –For playing Time of inc./acc. TOstalo – Ostalo – Other Tel/faks broj Da li je zona označena? — Da, li je zona ozna~ena? – Is the area marked? Tel/faks broj T Da, priru~nim sredstvima – Da, priru~nim sredstvima – Yes, local signs Phone/Fax number T Da, službenim znacima — Da, slu`benim znacima–Yes, official signs Policijska stanica Istražitelj Istra`iteq Šifra incidenta [ifra Da li je do sada bilo incidenata/nesreća u ovoj zoni? Policijska stanica Investigating Officer incidenta Case No Police Station Da li je do sada bilo incidenata/nesre}a u ovoj zoni? Have incidents/accidents occurred in this area before? T Da – Da –Yes T Ne – Ne –No VRSTA EKSPLOZIVNIH SREDSTAVA – VRSTA EKSPLOZIVNIH SREDSTAVA – TYPE OF EXPLOSIVE Lokacija/Selo T Protivpješad. mina – Protivpe{ad. mina –Anti-Personnel Mine Lokacija/Selo T Protivtenkovska mina – Protivtenkovska mina –Anti-Tank Mine Location/Village TNUS – NES – UXO TNepoznato – Nepoznato – Unknown Najbliži grad Najbli`i grad Ako je poznato, koji tip i koli~ina ? Ako je poznato, koji tip i koli~ina? Nearest town If known, what model, number Koordinate Koordinate I-I-E S-S-N Grid Reference Y= X= T UTM - UTM T Gauss Kruger (JNA – JNA) OZLJEDE – OZLEDE– INJURIES Broj – Broj– Number of TBez povreda Odraslih Djece Ime(na) ozlijeđenog(ih) Dob Detalji/Opaske Bez povreda Odraslih Dece Ime(na) ozle|enog(ih) God. Detaqi/Primedbe None Adults Children Name(s) of victim(s) Age Details/Remarks Manje ozljede Mawe ozlede Minor injuries Ozbiljne ozljede Ozbiqne ozlede Seriously injured Ubijeno osoba Ubijeno osoba Killed person(s) LOKACIJA INCIDENTA/NESREĆE – LOKACIJA INCIDENTA/NESRE}E —LOCATION OF INCIDENT/ACCIDENT T Urbano područje – Urbano podru~je –Urban area T U prirodi – U prirodi –Country side T Fabrika – Fabrika– Factor y T Škola – Шkola –School T Bolnica – Bolnica– Hospital T Kasarna –Kasarna –Barracks T Kuća – Ku}a– House T Ulica – Ulica– Street T Put – Put–Road T Željeznica – @eleznica– Railways T Most - Most – Bridge T Staza – Staza– Path T Rijeka – Reka –River Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre XIII –1/6 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD T Šuma — [uma– Forest T Poljopriv. Zemljište – Poqopriv. zemqi{te— Agricultural land T Močvara – Mo~vara– Swamp T Ravnica – Ravnica –Flat land T Kamenito zemljište – Kamenito zemqi{te –Stony land T Brdo – Brdo –Hill T Građ. otpad – Gra|. otpad– Rubble T Visoka trava – Visoka trava —High grass T Ostalo – Ostalo– Other Kratak opis radnji koje su uzrokovale incident / Kratak opis radwi koje su uzrokovale Brief description of activities that caused the nesrecu /incidentnesre}u incident/accident. accident/incident ↓ ↓ ↓ Skica lokacije – Skica lokacije –Site Sketch ↓ ↓ ↓ ∀ 1 cm/cm= Sjever – Sever– North Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre XIII –2/6 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Annex B Chapter XIII CENTAR ZA UKLANJANJE MINA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI ЦЕНТАР ЗА УКЛАЊАЊЕ МИНА У БОСНИ И ХЕРЦЕГОВИНИ BOSNIA AND HER ZEGOVINA MI NE AC TION C ENTRE No:………………. Date:………..20__.god. Demining Accident Investigation Board 1. Based on demining accident reported, that happened in demining organisation __________ _______________, on ______ 200__, at ________hrs on the site___________________ ID No__________, Municipality_______________, I appoint the Investigation Board as follows: a.____________________________, chairman b.____________________________, member c.____________________________, member d.____________________________, member 2. Demining organisation _______________________that had the accident, will appoint a person for observing and help for the IB during investigation. 3. IB is to complete the entire investigation and provide me with a written report no later then ______ hrs, __________ 200__. 4. Investigation Board Report must contain details stated in Annex B of BH Standard Chapter XIII. 5. Prior to leaving for the investigation, the chairman will contact the demining organisation and define details on start and sequence of investigation. 6. Based on information gathered about the accident (Initial Report and other sources), IB shall issue a short notice on the accident to the members of demining community in Bosnia and Herzegovina either before or after the investigation is over, where they will inform them about the accident and all relevant information and immediate activities to be taken. DIRECTOR Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre XIII –3/6 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Annex C Chapter XIII BOARD OF INQUIRY – CONTENTS OF REPORT a. Introduction. b. Sequence, documentation and procedures of tasking. c. Geography. d. Priority of task. e. Site Layout and Marking. f. Supervision and Discipline on site. g. Quality Assurance. h. Communications. i. Medical coverage, including injuries sustained. j. Personalities, call signs and Team Identity Nos. k. Equipment and tools. l. Details of mine/UXO. m. Evidence of re-mining. n. Dress and Personal Protective Equipment. o. Use of dogs (if used) p. Mechanical preparation of the ground (if conducted) q. Detailed account of activities on the day of the accident. r. Summary s. Conclusions t. Recommendations Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre XIII –4/6 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD Annex D Chapter XIII MINIMUM PERSONAL INSURANCE COVERAGE IN CASE OF DEATH AND INJURY WHILE DEMINING Minimum Ser Level of Injury premium in KM Remark and compensation in % (a) (b) (c) (d) DISTRIBUTION OF COMPENSATIONS: 1. Death* 100.000 KM 2. Permanent Total Disablement - 200.000 KM Incurable Insanity and total organic paralysis 3. Permanent Total Loss of one ore more limbs / 100.000 KM / One limb or eye / more one or both eyes ** 200.000 KM limbs and both eyes 4. Permanent Total Disablement According to Basis for calculation is continental scale 200.000 KM. as follows CONTINENTAL SCALE 5. Permanent Total Loss of Hearing in one or both 10% / 40% ears 6. Loss due to amputation or permanent loss of Right Left function of down bellow stated parts of arm : a) One thumb joint 10% 8,75% Reverse for left – b) One thumb 20% 17,5% handed c) One index finger joint 5% 4% d) Two index finger joints 10% 8% e) One index finger 15% 12,5% f) One joint of any of other fingers 3% 2,5% g) Two joints of any of other fingers 6% 5% h) Two of any other fingers 10% 7,5% i) Permanent loss of function of a shoulder or elbow joint 25% 20% j) Permanent loss of joint function of one fist 20% 15% 7. Loss due to amputation or permanent loss of function of down bellow stated parts of body: a) Big toe on a foot b) Any other toe 10% c) Permanent loss of a joint function of a hip, 3% knee or ankle joint on one leg d) Surgical removal of lower jaw 20% Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre XIII –5/6 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH STANDARD e) Shortening lower limbs for at least 5cm f) Permanent facial damage (scarves etc) of a 30% minimum of 5cm of srarf in the area of face Upper leg and lower 15% leg. 10% 8. Permanent diminishing or loss of function of *** other body organs * - The payment shall be concucted even if the body is not found within 90 days, while there are sufficient evidence that injuries caused death, i.e. the payment is returned if the person is found alive. • ** -Loss of limbs (due to explosion or amputation) implies the loss of entire fist, foot or upper. *** - It is settled according to expert assessment diminishing of a body function and is calculated up to 100% of the insurance for permanent total disablement. REMARK: a. If it is proved that the injury was a deliberate, the insurance will not pay. b. BHMAC has the right to insight into the conducted insurance process as well as realisation of compensation to a deminer or the closest member in a family. c. The company insuring is obliged to insure the sum for the medical coverage for the suffered injury in a minimum of 10.000 KM. d. Apart from insuring demining personnel, the company is obliged to cover with insurance possible third person(s) from the consequneces of injurying, as well as to cover with insurance the property for possible damaging during the conduct of the task. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre XIII –6/6 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D Chapter XIV MECHANICAL PREPARATION OF THE GROUND INTRODUCTION 1. Machines for mechanical preparation of ground do not clear to the required standard for humanitarian demining (99,65%). Therefore, it is necessary to complete area clearance by also using manual methods and/or EDD teams. It is the integral performance of combining manual methods, EDD teams and machines. 2. The use of machines for mechanical preparation of ground will resolve the problem of existing tripwires, as well as remove mines by activating or breaking them, removing vegetation, which diminishes the risk for deminers. Mechanically prepared ground enables us to use EDDs, which increase productivity and efficiency of demining team. 3. Machines used for mechanical preparation of the ground that are used in the process of humanitarian demining in BH shall be certified and controlled, while their capabilities and operational aspects for each of the machines must be outlined in the SOP. AIM 4. The aim of this Chapter is to detail the Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre minimum requirements regarding mechanical preparation of ground and its further clearance followed by manual methods or the use of EDD teams, so that the area can finally be declared cleared in accordance to BH Standard. SCOPE 5. Within mechanical preparation of the ground, we differ machines for ground disturbance to certain depth, machines for removal of vegetation and machines for removal of debris and garbage. All these machines vary is size, weight, handling (remote or immediate) and other specifications. The characteristics of mechanical preparation machines require that specific procedures be created for each particular machine for their use on the ground, with all their advantages and limitations. 6. Standard soil disturbance is mechanical treatment of the ground to the depth of minimum 10 cm, with breaking the surface structure into pieces not larger than 5 cm in diameter. It also encompasses the depth of prodder search and minimum depth for the location of PMA-3 fuses with metal detector. Such quality of mechanical preparation will be used for the following: a) Technically surveyed suspect areas where they will be in this manner reduced to mined areas and areas without obvious risk. b) Mechanical preparation of mined areas, after which the simplified manual procedures and EDD teams search can be used. c) Sampling in quality control in demining. 7. Disturbance of ground to the depth of 1-10cm with machines (ploughs, rakes, flails, rollers, rotators etc.) does not encompass standard disturbance of the ground and can be used for mechanical preparation only, after which the prescribed manual procedures shall be used. EDD teams can as well be introduced to search the box systems. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre XIV - 1/4 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D 8. Machines for removal of vegetation without ground disturbance make the work easier for deminers in the operations of manual clearance of mined areas, while the EDD teams after these machines may be used only for search between the known rows of mines. 9. During technical survey, machines are used for reduction of suspect areas to those that are proved to be mined. The aim is to approach the first mine and identify the mined area, as detailed in Chapter V. Any suspect area that has been treated with technical survey and mechanical equipment that disturbs the ground to required standard, can be technically declared (according to available information) as area without obvious risk provided there were no mine activation. 10. Mechanical preparation will prepare the contaminated area for further manual clearance or EDD teams search. This preparation does not have to encompass standard soil disturbance from 1 to 10 cm (ploughs, rakes, flails, rollers, rotators etc.). If machines that reach the standard soil disturbance (flails, rotators, rollers), the procedures will be simplified as it is explained in No 26 — 32 of this Chapter. Prior to use of mechanical equipment, technical survey will be conducted on suspect areas, using manual methods, all in order to state if there are anti-tank mines for which a certain machine may not be constructed. 11. Limitations of mechanical equipment that relate to type and geography, natural and artificial obstacles, type of mines, depth of soil treatment, diameter and the height of removal of vegetation, as well as other technical characteristics, must be specified in SOP. BH MAC shall estimate the characteristics of the machine during the SOP review and BH MAC testing procedure, and state the intentional use of the machine in demining processes in BH. 12. Operational staff deployed in the process of mechanical preparation must be trained for handling and maintenance of the machine, through a verified and certified training, as well as they must have the basic humanitarian demining course successfully finished. 13. Operators in mechanical preparation machines must have, within their operational compartment, their operational personal protective equipment, that will obligatory be used every time they leave the machine. In case of a breakdown or fire, they will leave the machine following machine’s tracks. If possible, operator in his cabin should have a set of necessary demining tools (metal detector, prodder, spade, marking tape etc.), as a tools to be used for clearance and marking the cleared area around the area where the machine is (2 m width), in case a breakdown happens. COORDINATION 14. Supervision, qualified personnel and good organisation are the key to the efficiency and quality of the mechanical preparation process. Task site layout and marking, apart from the access lane and safe lane, are the same as with the manual demining operations. Access lane between designated safe areas and the safe lane must be of a minimum 250m length (50% shorter if there is a natural of artificial shelter). Minimum width will vary on the width of the machine plus one additional metre. Safe lane must be to the minimum width that would enable the machine to turn around (for 1800 ). The sketch of the task site intended for mechanical preparation of the ground, with all its designated areas, access lane, safe lane, working and turning lanes for machine must be detailed in SOPs. 15. If mechanical preparation team works independently, it will consist of minimum 5 persons: a) Team leader b) Mechanical Equipment Operator c) Assistant operator d) Deminer (with manual demining equipment) Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre XIV - 2/4 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D e) Medical orderly (with medical equipment and designated vehicle) 16. Working lanes for ground preparation machines are to the maximum length of 500m with the minimum safety overlap of 0.3m. Quality control of a machine work is conducted visually from the safe area or an armoured remote control cabin. 17. It is forbidden to move around the mechanically prepared area until the area is searched with manual methods and EDD teams, or until it is technically declared as area without obvious risk. Note that this ‘no obvious risk’ declared area does not mean cleared. 18. Remote control of the ground preparation mechanical device is conducted either visually or by video surveillance from the safe distance, from the armoured vehicle, which is blast proof and cannot be damaged by fragments. If the machine is not remotely controlled, there must be the cabin for the operator, which is blast and fragment proof. 19. All mines, UXOs or their explosive containing parts, found after mechanical preparation of the ground, are to be destroyed in situ. 20. Number, type of the mine (if recognizable) and approximate location of detonation provoked by the machine, or visually spotted surface thrown mines or their part, must be recorder on the daily report sketch made by the team leader (Chapter VII, No 7.1) 21. Machine must have either a device for automatic turn off or fire extinguishers, as well as necessary equipment for pulling it out of the field, in the case of mechanical failure. 22. If a machine stops in the minefield, operator and deminers will make a working lane following the machine tracks, in order to safely approach the machine for extracting or leaving the machine. It will only be exceptionally that the machine reparation will be done in the are of mechanical preparation, with obligatory clearance and marking of 2 metres safe cleared area around the machine. No inspections of reparations of machines in uncleared area are allowed. 23. Operators are allowed to leave the machine in case of emergency only, following machine tracks or by other machine that will serve as a transport vehicle. 24. Procedures during mechanical preparation such as turning off the engine in case of fire, pulling the machine out in case it is broken or the procedure when there was a deminer’s accident must be detailed in the SOP. 25. The use of EDD teams can start 5 days after the area was mechanically prepared. This 5 days period is left for stabilisation of explosions smells and oil vapours from the machine. SAFETY DISTANCE FOR MECHANICAL PREPARATION OF THE GROUND Ser. Name Minimum Remarks distance (m) 1. Remote control operator. 50 In armoured compartment. 2. Control area and other designated safe 250 50% less if there is a natural of areas. artificial shelter. Operator with video surveillance without PP 3. Demining teams. 150 Minimum of PPE. 4. Visitors. 250 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre XIV - 3/4 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D PROCEDURES OF WORK AFTER MECHANICAL PREPARATION WITH STANDARD GROUND DISTURBANCE 26. After mechanical preparation for vegetation removal and standard ground disturbance, deminers will be deployed in the further process of clearance of explosive parts of non activated mines. They will conduct manual operations. EDD teams can be used as well for this purpose. Since the mine threat is now significantly diminished, the procedure in working lanes and EDD teams work can be simplified and adjusted to the state of the terrain. 27. With manual operations, when the soil allows the use of metal detector, the number of detector sweeps can be reduced to one, according to procedure in Chapter II, No 8.d 28. If the mechanically prepared ground is filled with minerals or metal contaminated, it would not be efficient to use the prodder. Instead of prodding the porous ground, the soil is to be moved from side to side or minimum two EDD teams should be introduced for the search of the working lane. 29. Moving the soil can be conducted when the soil is disturbed to the standard, i.e. shortly after mechanical preparation, when it is still porous. The principle procedure for moving would be: a) Pickets marking the width of the base line will be set. After that the base stick is put on the ground on that width. b) Deminer will use his hand or a suitable tool (spade or similar); grab the soil from the length of the base stick (from left to right or vice versa) towards him and into the depth of disturbed ground (minimum 10 cm). c) When moving the ground, maximum 5 cm of the ground width is to be encompassed. After the first grab (the length of base stick) with the overlap, we will get the channel of the depth of disturbed ground and of the width of 10cm. d) After the channel is made, with its front depth level-headed with the back side of the base stick, the base stick is to be moved forward for maximum of 5 cm and repeat the moving procedure. e) If in this procedure a part of ground is found that is not treated by ground disturbance, it is to be checked with the prodder according to standard procedure, to the depth of 10 cm. f) If in this procedure an explosive device is found that contains explosive potential, it is to be properly marked. Team leader is notified in order to take further actions for the safe removal. 30. For the search and forming the working lane minimum two EDD teams will be used that will sequentially search the 10 m long lane. After a successful search, the deminer will mark the working lane. While searching the working lane, always take into consideration to check the wider area that would present the minimum safety overlap as when working with the prodder. 31. The size of boxes for EDD teams search can be up to 10x25m. 32. Since the mine threat is significantly diminished and the vegetation is removed, it is much easier to conduct the supervision and support of the deminer, so the work of the entire demining section can organise individually (Chapter III, No 11.d). Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre XIV - 4/4 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D Chapter XV HOUE CLEARANCE INTRODUCTION 1. All houses not occupied are to be considered as having been booby trapped or contaminated by UXOs. The tasks of searching and clearing will require extremely cautious organisation and precaution measures. The buildings being cleared will be required for occupation by displaced persons or returned refugees and any damage must be avoided as far as possible. AIM 2. The aim of this Chapter of the Standard is to detail the minimum requirements for technical and efficient building clearance. SCOPE 3. Teams must be trained in house/building clearance conduct building clearance operations. Apart from the basic deminer’s course for humanitarian demining, these deminers must have attended and passed house/building clearance course, according to the programme set in Chapter I. 4. Building/house clearance operations are undertaken as either a part of suspect area demining operations or a separate task. 5. A two-man team wearing protective equipment conducts a house clearance, safety distance obligatory. If large buildings are being cleared, two or more two-man teams can be deployed provided they work safe distance apart – minimum two walls or two floors between each team. No other person will enter the house until it has been cleared, except the team leader and the inspector of BH MAC. 6. Equipment used by two-man team will be convenient and suitable for particular tasks. 7. Prior to house clearance there must be a site layout done in accordance with Chapter II that will include access lane from the safe distance where safe areas are set towards the house that is being cleared. If areas around the house have not been demined before, minimum 4 metres around the house are to be cleared. These 4 metres would provide a safe lane for house clearance. All designated areas and access lanes to houses along with the safe area around the house are to be cleared, unless they have not been cleared before. COORDINATION 8. When a task site layout is done, team leader will undertake reconnaissance that will determine the enter point. The following procedures must be applied: a) Doorways must never be considered as safe unless the door is fully open and the entrance can be seen as safe. Doorsteps and floors must be examined. b) Windows offer excellent opportunities for trapping. Particular attention is to be given to the ground outside and the floor inside, as these are classic sites for pressure firing devices. If there is a choice between an open and fixed window, choose the one that cannot be opened from the outside. Deal with blinds and curtains in a manner similar to windows. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre XV - 1/2 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D c) “Mouse holes”. If it is decided to enter the house through a wall, a “mouse hole” is to be made through it. Mouse holes are made using explosives, since this method not only creates an access point but also sets off any traps in near vicinity. 9. Deminer clears the house making working lanes, which are marked with mine tape, secured by stones, bricks or other available items. All items and furniture must be pulled, as well as movable parts of furniture. All the debris must be carefully examined and moved onto the cleared area. Walls and ceilings areas will be visually checked. All suspect spots on walls or ceiling will be checked using other methods and means. Every room and the entire house that has been cleared must be marked as “SAFE”. 10. Recommended searching procedures during house/building clearance: a. Outside walls and installations. b. Doors windows, floors and furniture. c. Walls, including fittings, light switches, water installations, chimneys, paintings etc. d. Ceilings. 11. Every two-man team must have continuous communication link with the section leader of the team-team leader. 12. The following are minimum precaution measures to be used during search and clearance: a. All suspect items or their parts will be remotely pulled. After remotely pulling anything, allow at least 20 minutes wait time, as there may be a delayed fuse. b. Doors and windows that are closed are to be opened either by remote pulling or activating smaller explosive charges that will break the glass and the locks. c. Upholstered furniture and beds will be checked by remotely dropping heavy objects on them. d. Leave open all checked rooms, doors, windows, drawers etc. e. Check cisterns before flushing toilets. f. Check plumbing by remotely turning on all water taps and allow the water to run for at least one minute. g. Check all electric switches before switching on for the possibility of an attached booby trap. h. Clearly mark all routes, areas and items that are cleared. 13. Treat totally devastated houses-ruins through specific assessment with clearance focus on waste building materials. In removal of debris it is possible, according to stated procedure, deploy machines that posses necessary protection for the operators. Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre XV - 2/2 BH Mine Action Centre BH S T A N D A R D ANNEX 1. STANDARD FOR MINE CLEARANCE AND EOD OPERATIONS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA (Second revision and amendments edition from June 1st 2003) CHAPTER V REVISIONS AND AMMENDMENTS 1. In the context of phrase ‘’ area without obvious risk (abbreviated AWOR), the word ‘’obvious’’ is to be changed with ‘’identified’’ (abbreviated AWIR). The stated is to be changed in text within chapters VIII and XIV. 2. Clause 26. is changed and states as follows: In order to confirm borders of areas without identified risk ( AWIR) through technical survey, the stated area shall be sampled at completion, using the method of random sampling (clause 9. Chapter XI). After the sampling is completed on the area where the manual methods were conducted, demining organisation will use non-demining tools to remove vegetation. 3. Clause 29. Instead of Technical Opinion for Defined AWIR, BHMAC shall issue the Certificate of Conducted Quality Control of the Technical Survey. 4. Revisions of annexes C, D and E REMARK: Pursuant to Decision of BH Demining Commission, No 01/1-1-22/04 dated March 15th 2004, this Annex comes into effect from April 1st 2004. BH Mine Action Centre Annex 1., April 1st 2004. V- 1/1 BH Mine Action Centre BH Standard Annex C, Chapter V CENTAR ZA UKLANJANJE MINA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA M I N E ACTION C E N T R E No:.......................... Dated ..............20__ Pursuant to clause 16. Chapter V of the Standard for Mine Clearance and EOD Operations in Bosnia and Herzegovina, BHMAC is issuing, For:………………………………….….. (Applicant) SUBJECT: Technical Opinion Reference: Your request No: ……………….. Dated …………...20__. Location: _________________________________ Municipality___________________ (Name of Location) The expert BH MAC survey team, in accordance to general survey procedures, conducted General Survey of the subject location on the day / in the period of .…………20__. Based on technical processing of all available information during the survey, and in compliance with the criteria for classification of areas without identified risk, the following is issued: Technical Opinion The subject location is declared as without identified risk regarding mine presence Containing part of the Technical Opinion is the sketch with the graphic review of the subject location. The conduct of General Survey operations cannot asses possible presence of unexploded ordnance (UXO). We bring to attention of the users to move carefully over the subject area. Provided they encounter UXO, not to take any actions but notify technical Civilian Protection team for UXO BH MAC Chief of Office BH Mine Action Centre Annex 1., April 1st 2004. V – Annex C, D and E, 1/5 BH Mine Action Centre BH Standard Annex D CENTAR Z A UKLANJANJE MINA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI ?????? ?? ????? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ????? ? ??????????? B O S N I A AND H E R Z E G O V I N A M I N E ACTION C E N T R E Pursuant to Article 11. clause a) of the Demining Law in Bosnia and Herzegovina (‘’Officiall Gazettes’’ No 5/02), Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre and the organisation that conducted work will create, RECORD On taking over the technically surveyed area, consisting of: I - Declaration on Technical Survey II - Official Declarations on Taking over the Technically Surveyed Area III - Annexes I - DEMINING ORGANISATION DECLARATION ON TECHNICAL SURVEY 1. Demining Organisation 2. Declaration made by: (operational officer or programme manager) 3. ID task NO 4. Location (village-settlement, municipality) 5. Map (name-number of plan or map, scale and date of issuance) UTM Gauss Kruger 6. Grid system 7. Reference Point Y= X= 8. Datum Point Y= X= 9. Start / Completion Date 10. Methods of works used Manually Mechanical preparation EDD teams 11. M2 of technically surveyed area with Manually…………………….…..m2 methods applied Mechanical preparation……………….m 2 EDD teams…………………………m 2 12. Depth of technically surveyed area ……………………..mm 13. Is the technical area without metal after Yes No survey 14. Methods of Internal Quality Control 15. Internal quality control conducted by: The size of internal sampling in m2 BH Mine Action Centre Annex 1., April 1st 2004. V – Annex C, D and E, 2/5 BH Mine Action Centre BH Standard 16. Monitoring conducted and by whom Yes …………………………………….. No 17. Types and quantity of mines and UXO found or activated II- OFFICIAL DECLARATIONSS ON TAKING OVER THE TECHNICALLY SURVEYED AREA HANDOVER BY DEMINING ORGANISATION TAKEOVER BY BH MINE ACTION CENTRE I hereby declare that technical survey of the area suspect of I, BH MAC QC Inspector, to the best of my knowledge and risk, described in this document, has been conducted in through technical supervision by QC inspectors accordance to Standard for Mine Clearance and EOD …………………………….….., RO…………………….., take operations to the required depth, while the tasked area is over the stated declared area on behalf of BH MAC, since declared as: quality control and sampling proved that technical survey and ? Without identified risk _______________m 2, declaration of area has been conducted in compliance with BH Standard for Mine Clearance and EOD Operations. ? Mined________________________m 2 ? Cleared _______________________m 2 Regarding suspect area without identified risk (and cleared *) in technical survey, Certificate of conducted Quality Control Based on the method/s applied, area without identified risk is can be issued. free of mines and is handed over to BH MAC as such Area declared as mined contains mines based on defined The area declared as mined, according to knowledge mining. A task is to be created and the area cleared according defined, contains mines and needs to be cleared* to procedures. * The mine threat risk has been removed from the stated cleared area, thus it does not exist on the entire stated task. * ………………………………….. Declaration of the area is shown on the sketch with the grid (Inspector’s signature) references of turning points, with accordance of BH MAC inspection bodies. 18. Name and position of the responsible person from 19. Name of BH MAC RO Chief demining organisation 20. Signature and stamp 21. Signature and stamp 22. No of declaration:………………… 23. No of record:…………………. Handover date:………………………… Takeover date:………………………….. * State if defined and declared area is mined. State if mine threat is totally removed from the technically surveyed area by methods applied (a row of mines or individual mines that give no possibility of forming a mined area for further clearance). III- ANNEXES: A) Demining Organisation Annexes: Annexes a), b), c), d) and f) according to same examples as in Annex A, Chapter VIII. e)-Graphic review of the task – sketch in the scale on geodetic layers or the largest scale of topographic map with grid references of turning points and marked defined areas: without identified risk (AWIR) and reduced mined. Regarding mines and UXO found, state grid references of locations where mines and UXO were found. The sketch is to be done according to explanation and requirements provided by Annex A, Chapter VIII. The methods of work are to be marked on the sketch for particular parts of the tasks, while for working with EDD teams, mark boxes and EDD teams that conducted search of particular boxes. BH Mine Action Centre Annex 1., April 1st 2004. V – Annex C, D and E, 3/5 BH Mine Action Centre BH Standard g)-Description of task flow (problems in the conduct of plan, faults stated by internal quality control and monitoring, if engaged, as well as by MAC inspection; state the way faults were resolved, type and number of found / located mines, what method defined the border of AWIR and mined area if clearance is not conducted immediately, photographs of found / located mines etc) h)- Record on familiarising the authority representative / final user about the marking of the AWIR borders and border of the mined area. B) Inspection Bodies annexes: Annexes a), c) and d) following the same example as in Annex A, Chapter VIII. Annex b) Final record on technical supervision (positive in sense of quality of defining declared areas through technical survey in order to issue Certificate of Conducted Quality Control for AWIR, as well as for taking further actions for clearance of defined reduced mined areas.). EXPLANATION FOR FILLING IN THE RECORD ON TAKING OVER THE SURVEYED AREA WITH THE DECLARATION, OFFICIAL DECLARATIONS AND ANNEXES GENERAL. Record on takeover of a technically surveyed area with Declaration, Official Declarations and annexes, is actually a set of documents presenting final Report on technical survey task. The original of the Record, after the verification process and issuing Certificate on Conducted Quality Control in Technical Survey for excluded area without identified risk and reduced area defined as mined, is being archived in the database and BH MAC archives, along with the Blue Folder of the task. For reduced area defined as mined, project documentation is created and a task as such is given for realisation. I – DECLARATION ON TECHICAL SURVEY BY DEMINING ORGANISATION This part is to be filled in by demining organisation, as explained in Annex A, Chapter VIII , except for following clauses: 11. Technically surveyed area in m2 must be stated (entire treated area including method/s applied) 12. Depth of technically surveyed area with the method applied. 13. In the “X” box mark if all the metal removed to the treated depth of immediately treated technically surveyed area, with method applied. II - OFFICIAL DECLARATIONS ON TAKING OVER THE TECHNICALLY SURVEYED AREA This form is divided into left and right side – the left side is filled and recorded by demining organisation, while the right side is filled and recorded by BH MAC. It is filled according to request and explanation in Annex A, Chapter VIII. BH Mine Action Centre Annex 1., April 1st 2004. V – Annex C, D and E, 4/5 BH Mine Action Centre BH Standard Annex E CENTAR Z A UKLANJANJE MINA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI ?????? ?? ????? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ????? ? ??????????? B O S N I A AND H E R Z E G O V I N A M I N E ACTION C E N T R E No………………… Date…………200_. Pursuant to Article 9, clause g) of Bosnia and Herzegovina Demining Law, (‘’Official Gazettes’’ BH No. 5/02) and clause 29. of Chapter V of BH MAC Standard, BH MAC is issuing THE CERTIFICATE ON CONDUCTED QUALITY CONTROL OF THE TECHNICAL SURVEY The certificate relates to the location stated bellow and attached documentation: Name of Location MAC ID task No Municipality Grid references of the Y reference point X Task area (m2) Demining organisation – conductor of works Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Centre confirms that quality control of the area without identified risk in technical survey conducted according to contents written bellow Serial Contents of activities and quality control Creating and issuing a working task conducted by BH MAC, after survey bodies stated doubt in risk through general survey 1. Demining organisation had complied to BH Standard requirements and conducted work according to Standing Operational 2. Procedures approved (SOP) 3. Internal quality control measures within demining organisation were conducted according to procedures from approved SOP. 4. During the conduct of the task, the BH MAC quality control inspection bodies conducted supervision. Stated faults were corrected during work as requested by inspection. 5. During technical supervision of quality control by sampling, which is conducted according to ISO 2859-0, i.e. by applying random sampling method. During sampling no mines or UXO were found to the standard required depth, which is recorded in the final record about technical supervision of the technical survey task completed. 6. A Record is made about the takeover of the technically surveyed area, with the declaration on technical survey, official declarations and annexes, which indicate that area excluded by technical survey (marked on sketch and defined by grid references) provides acceptable level of trust in non-existence of risk Annex: Task Sketch DIRECTOR BH Mine Action Centre Annex 1., April 1st 2004. V – Annex C, D and E, 5/5