Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme ................................................................................................................................ RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN FOR DADIN KOWA IRRIGATION SCHEME, GOMBE STATE, NIGERIA. By TRANSFORMING IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT IN NIGERIA (TRIMING) PROJECT Plot 1402, Abba Kyari Street, Off Adesoji Aderemi Street, Apo Abuja. April, 2020 i Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Key Data and Information Background The Government of Nigeria is implementing the Transforming Irrigation Management in Nigeria (TRIMING) project, which is financed by the World Bank. The proposed project aims to achieve improved performance of irrigation and water resources infrastructure and institutions for higher agricultural productivity at the Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme in Gombe State. The Project Development Objective (PDO) is to improve access to irrigation and drainage services and to strengthen institutional arrangements for integrated water resources management, and agricultural service delivery in selected large-scale public schemes in Northern Nigeria. Project Impact In the Pilot and Undeveloped Blocks, no houses, schools, mosques or markets will be affected by this intervention as these have all been excluded from the project design. However, 2 PAPs comprising of 1 family and 1 organisation will lose part of their land (7.261Km) along the proposed left bank Canal. These will be compensated with cash at prevailing market value of N120,000 (One hundred and twenty thousand naira only) (US$ 333.33) to a hectare (since the percentage of individual land loss is less than 5% of the total land holding), which was the PAPs preferred form of compensation The intervention work on the scheme is estimated to last 3 years, to be executed in phases; block by block. During this period, some farmers will suffer temporary losses as a result of the rehabilitation work as they will be denied access to their farm lands while it lasts. They will thus be unable to carry out farming activities. While civil work is on-going in selected blocks, farmers in the other blocks shall be cultivating, which vary between the Pilot and the Undeveloped blocks. Categories of In the Pilot area (171.17ha being part of the proposed Year one civil work schedule), farmers Impact and irrigate during the rainy (June to October) and dry season (November to May). Their rainy compensation season cultivation will not be affected in this area because it will focus on canals, drainage and other structures. However, they might not be able to cultivate at certain periods of the dry season due to interruption of water in the supply canal or in other places. For this reason, they will be compensated. Given the rehabilitation work will be carried out in phases, the Pilot block will lose an average of one planting season. A total of 498 farmers will be disturbed due to inability to irrigate during rehabilitation works. These will be compensated for temporary loss of access to their land/irrigation. In the Undeveloped area (1849.83 ha in 24 months) on the other hand, farmers obviously cannot cultivate during the dry season, as such no compensation would be paid. However, considering that works may be on a continuous basis in these areas which could hinder cultivation during the June-October raining season, farmers will get compensated for the loss of cultivation during the rainy season. This Undeveloped area affects 3304 farmers. Each farmer that loses one season will be compensated with the sum of N 18,000 per 0.40ha per season, while farmers that will be affected for two seasons will be compensated with the sum of N 36,000 per 0.40ha for two seasons unit by unit according to the farmer’s parcel size. These sums have been calculated on a full replacement cost based on the prevailing inflation rate in the scheme. This means that the amount paid to farmers will be enough for their livelihood for the first season. However, this sum will be reviewed every 6 months to reflect inflation reality for subsequent years to determine the amount due to each farmer; and where there is need to review farmers’ entitlement upward due to inflation, this will be done accordingly before compensation is paid. RAP A Resettlement Implementation Committee (RIC) will be created with the participation of implementation the main stakeholders (UBRBDA, WUA, local leaders, TRIMING). The committee will arrangements receive the work plan for the upcoming 6 months from the contractor and validated by the supervising engineer. The committee will meet twice a year: (i) in March to evaluate the works to be carried out during the rainy season from June ii Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme to October (main impacts on the undeveloped area) and (ii) in July to evaluate works to be carried out during the dry season from November to May (main impacts on the pilot area). A list of Project Affected Persons (PAPs) will be developed by the RIC from the RAP report after its meeting and this will be disseminated at the UBRBDA, with copies pasted at the scheme project office and relevant villages. This list will further be disseminated at the WUA level as well as by radio and other means by the TRIMING communication unit to ensure transparency of the project so that all farmers will know 3 months in advance if the works of the upcoming year will impact their farms or not. In addition, the RIC will also meet every 6 months to review and re-evaluate the compensation cost in line with the inflation rate in the scheme for subsequent years. Once the list is disclosed, a simple “PAP form” (Appendix 1.0) for each farmer will be prepared so that he/she can complete it and have it signed by the (i) Project Manager (DKIS), (ii) the WUA representatives and (iii) the relevant traditional leader. This form will be distributed from the DKIS project office to the representative of relevant WUA representative to be distributed to the PAPs within the blocks earmarked for Civil works. The TRIMING Scheme level Safeguards Officer, with support from the UBRBDA, will assist PAPs that cannot read or write, and will also ensure that the forms are properly prepared and signed. The completed form with each PAP’s passport photo affixed will be presented for final verification at the point of compensation payment. In accordance with Nigerian and World Bank guidelines, people who are considered vulnerable, as identified in this RAP, will be given any additional assistance that is deemed necessary to ensure that they receive the benefits of compensation equitably. It is estimated that each family has 0.40ha and that the payment would be on average N 18,000 per season (approximately 50 US$ per season). Payment Payment of compensation will be implemented upon presentation of the completed PAPs procedure and form, duly signed by the PAP, the WUA leader, relevant traditional ruler, DKIS project Schedule manager (or representative) and the TRIMING project auditor. Each PAPs would be given his or her compensation upon clearance by the TRIMING accountant and auditor. As this entails many relatively small payments, disbursement of compensation to farmers will be through a recognized local commercial bank, disbursed to farmers according to their unit and hydrological boundary in the scheme. The exact location of disbursement of compensation shall be determined by the RIC during their meeting which would be communicated to each farmer through their unit WUA representative. Regarding deceased PAPs, the entitlement shall be paid to the applicable court of law for disbursement to the family of the deceased in line with Islamic injunction as being practised in this locality, likewise entitlement due to orphans will be disbursed to the recognized guardian or the household head responsible for custody of the orphan. Given that many PAPs do not have bank accounts a series of financial literacy workshops will be delivered to PAPs in order to ensure that people are able to maximise their compensation wisely. In compliance with World Bank safeguards, farmers must be compensated before civil works start. Therefore: For the works during the dry season (November – May), farmers should get compensation in August-September. iii Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme For the civil works that shall commence during the rainy season (June – October), farmers should get compensation in April. After disbursement of compensation to PAPs, copies of each PAP’s form and photograph will be kept at the TRIMING office, the DKIS project office and the commercial bank representative. The estimated compensation cost for the project is N93,824,000.00($260,622.22). This is made up of loss of agricultural resources/temporary displacement from farm land in the 1. Pilot area currently practicing dry season farming via tube wells N7,704,000.00(US$21,400.00), 2. Area currently without Irrigation Facilities but practice wet season farming N83,241,000.00(US$170,984.24, 3. Permanent loss of land and structure resulting from the canal alignment N879,000.00 (US$2,441.67). 4. Grievance Management/Implementation N2,000,000.000($5,555.56). The rate is based on N360 to US$1. The above cost of Agricultural resources was arrived at by using the rate agreed with the farmers of N18,000 per acre. An acre is 0.4 hectre. For example the pilot scheme has a total of 171.2ha. Therefore 171.2/0.4x18000= N7,704,000.00. for the total cost of agricultural resources we add N7,704,000.00 to 83,241,000.00 to arrive at N90,945,000.00. The cost of land and structure impacted by the extended left back canal is N879,000.00. When the expected cost of grievance management and implementation which is N2,000,000.00 is added to above figures, the total cost implication for the implementation of the RAP is N93,824,000.00. This sum is expected to cover cost for compensation for economic displacement for dry season (as respect those who cultivate during the dry season), and wet season (as respect those who farm during the wet season), physical displacements resulting from canal alignment and, grievance management and compensation commission. In addition, a provision of 10% of the total budget for contingencies is added to the current budget. During consultation with the design consultant and the DKIS project team, it was suggested that civil work should commence on as proposed and workplan should follow the RAP guidelines to guard against losing/compensating for two seasons in blocks. This is to avoid total shut down and food shortage for the year, which had earlier been envisaged to lose only one season. However, it is important to note that the breakdown in the table below may still be adjusted during implementation. iv Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Table of Content Content Page Title Page i RAP Basic Data/Information ii Table of Contents v List of Tables viii List of Figures ix List of Plates ix List of Maps ix List of Boxes ix List of Appendices ix List of Acronyms x Definitions of key Terms xiv Executive Summary xvi Executive Summary (Hausa) xxvi Chapter One: General Background 1 1.0 Introduction 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Project components 1 1.3 Description of Components Needing Temporary/Permanent Land Acquisition and Resettlement 2 1.4 Proposed Project Location 2 1.4.1 Gongola River 3 1.4.2 Description of the Proposed Project at Dadin Kowa 4 1.5 Need for Resettlement Action Plan 5 1.6 Aims and Objectives of the RAP 6 1.7 Scope and Task of the RAP 6 1.8 Guiding Principles for the RAP 7 1.9 Approach/Methodology of RAP Preparation 7 1.10 Avoidance/Minimization of Resettlement or Restricted Access 8 1.10.1. Criteria for Site Selection [Project Selection and Location] 9 1.10.2 Cost, Social and Technical Considerations 9 1.11 Proposed Project and Process Description 10 1.11.1 Civil works Components of DKIS 10 1.11.2 Flood protection works 10 1.11.3 Avoidance of Conflict between Farmers and Herdsmen 11 1.11.4 Special consideration for Herdsmen 11 1.11.5 Road, Bridges and Crossing Service Roads 11 1.12 This RAP Reporting Format 12 Chapter Two: Project Component and Description of Project Location 13 2.0 Introduction 13 2.1 An Overview of the Location and Proposed Project 13 2.2 Socio Economic Survey 13 2.3 Objectives of the Survey and PAPs 14 2.4 Census Cut Off Date 14 2.5 Land Holding in the Project Area 14 2.6 Land Tenure in Dadin Kowa 15 2.7 Land Ownership in Dadin Kowa 15 2.7.1 Leased Land Under Allocation Scheme 16 2.7.2 Land Use Type in Dadin Kowa Scheme 16 2.8 Settlement and Governance 16 2.9 Economic Activities 16 2.10 Features Around the Scheme 17 2.11 Social Amenities 17 2.12 Farm Governance 17 v Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme 2.13 Data analysis and Interpretation 18 2.14 Analysis of PAPs Interviewed 19 2.14.1 Age Distribution of PAPs 19 2.14.2 Sex and Gender roles of Respondents 19 2.14.3 Occupation of respondents 20 2.14.4 Marital status of respondents 21 2.14.5 Religion of respondents 21 2.14.6 Household head/Number of children of respondents 22 2.14.7 Average income of respondents 23 2.14.8 Base value for respondent property 23 2.14.9 Respondents legal or title right to property 23 2.14.10 Type of persons affected 24 2.14.11 Identity of Affected Asset 24 2.14.12 Conflict in the Communities 25 2.14.13 Vulnerability Status 25 2.14.14 Sale of Farm Produce 25 2.14.15 Literacy 26 2,15 Farm Holding 26 2.16 Land Acquisition at the Scheme 26 2.17 Impact of the Scheme on Farmers Activities 26 2,18 Access to Finance/Credit by Farmers 27 2.19 Enablement of Farmers by the Scheme 27 2.20 Income from irrigation agriculture vs. other sources 27 2.21 Transportation Modes 27 Chapter Three: Existing Legal Framework 29 3.0 Introduction 29 3.1 Land Tenure Arrangements in the Project 29 3.2 Agricultural Land Policy 29 3.2.1 Nigerian Land Use Act of 1978 (Now Cap 202 LFN 1990) and Resettlement Procedures 30 3.3 Nigeria Land Use Act and World Bank OP4.12 – A comparison 30 3.4 Entitlement Matrix for various categories of PAPs 33 3.5 Eligibility Criteria 33 3.6 Unit of entitlement 33 3.7 Eligible Parties 36 3.7.1 Rights to Land 36 3.7.2 Claims to Land 36 3.7.3 Eligible Communities 36 3.8 Non-Eligible APs 36 3.8.1 No Rights or Claims to Land 37 3.8.2 In-eligible legacy issues 37 3.9 Adult offspring and entitlements 37 3.10 Women and children and entitlements 37 Chapter Four: Potential Impacts of the Project 39 4.0 Introduction 39 4.1 Components or activities that require resettlement or restriction of access 39 4.2 Number and Type of Affected Persons 39 4.3 Delineation of Impact Zone 39 4.4 Benefit of the Project 42 4.5 Negative Impact of the Project 42 4.6 Assessment of the severity of impact 42 4.7 Potentially Affected Assets 46 4.8 Categories of Losses/Impact 46 4.9 Inventory of Impacted Assets 46 4.9.1 Impact on Land 46 4.9.2 Impact on Structures 47 4.9.3 Impact on Agricultural Resources (Crops) 47 4.9.4 Impact on Utilities 47 vi Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme 4.9.5 Impact on Social Networks 48 4.9.6 Impact on Cultural Heritage and Worship Place 48 4.9.7 Impact on Vulnerable Groups 48 4.10 Response on willingness to volunteer space 48 4.11 Choice of Assistance 49 4.12 Potential Relocation Areas 49 Chapter Five: Valuation and Description of Compensation 50 5.0 Introduction 50 5.1 Valuation methodology 50 5.1.1 Replacement cost and damage & loss assessment methodology 50 5.1.2 Valuation of Land 51 5.2 Valuation – Cost of agricultural/Crop production 51 5.3 Compensation rate - Guidelines for temporary acquisition of assets 53 5.4 Resettlement measures – Options 54 5.5 Specific consideration on resettlement measures in the Pilot area 55 5.6 Specific consideration on resettlement measures in the Undeveloped area 55 5.7 Modes of restitution 56 5.8 Compensation payment and procedures for delivery of compensation 56 5.9 Income restoration strategy - Alternatives 57 5.9.1 Livelihood Restoration 58 5.9.2 Agricultural Improvement Program 58 5.10 Vulnerable group programme 59 5.11 Gender-specific actions 59 5.12 Protection of cultural heritage and worship place 60 5.13 Provision of Cultural heritage and worship place 60 5.14 Environmental Protection and Occupational Health Management 60 Chapter Six: Public Participation and Consultations 61 6.0 Introduction 61 6.1 The Need for Stakeholders Involvement 61 6.2 Core Values for Public Participation 62 6.3 Basic Principles for the Public Consultation 62 6.4 Public Consultation and Management process 62 6.5 The Stakeholders 64 6.6 Gender considerations in Consultation 64 6.7 Stakeholder engagement 65 6.8 Providing Stakeholders Opportunity to Participate 68 6.9 Engagement strategies 68 6.9.1 Entry into the community 68 6.9.2 Private visits and telephone calls 69 6.9.3 Person-to-person or small-group/focus group consultation 69 6.9.4 Letters of invitation 69 6.9.5 Advertising and media announcements 69 6.9.6 Public events 70 6.9.7 Obtaining issues for evaluation and suggestions for alternatives 70 6.9.8 Verification that issues have been captured and considered 70 6.10 Discussion with Stakeholders and Summary of Outcome Conclusion 70 6.11 RAP Implémentation - Communication Strategy 75 6.11.1 Information Dissemination 75 6.11.2 Communication Strategy 75 6.11.3 Documentation of Stakeholder Involvement and other Evidential Indication 75 Chapter Seven : RAP Implementation - Institutional Arrangements 7.0 Introduction 77 7.1 Organisational Arrangement 77 7.2 Resettlement Implementation Committee (RIC) 77 7.2.1 Roles and Responsibilities of the RIC 77 7.3 Composition of the Resettlement Implementation Committee (RIC) 78 7.4 Existing capability and proposed capacity building for RIC 79 vii Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme 7.5 Budget and cost 80 7.5.1 Budget and Cost Estimate 81 7.5.2 Financial Responsibility and Authority 81 7.5.3 Compensation Payment Arrangement & Schedule 83 7.6. Coordination with Civil Works –Principles of RAP Iimplementation 87 7.6.1 Green Light Conditions 87 7.7 Prolonged Implementation Delays 87 Chapter Eight Grievance Redress Mechanism 88 8.0 Introduction 88 8.1 The Need for Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) 88 8.2 Potential Causes of Grievances in Resettlement 89 8.3 Grievance Redress Process 89 8.4 Management of Reported Grievances 91 8.5 The Grievance Redress Committee 91 8.5 Grievance Log and Response Time 91 8.6 Expectation When Grievances Arise 92 8.7 Monitoring Complaints 92 Chapter Nine Monitoring and Evaluation 93 9.1 Introduction 93 9.2 Purpose of Monitoring 93 9.3 Monitoring Framework (Internal and External) 94 9.3.1 Internal monitoring 94 9.3.2 External Monitoring/Evaluation 95 9.4 Indicators to Monitor 97 9.5 Reporting 100 9.6 Completion Audit 100 Bibliography 101 Appendix 103 List of Tables Table Page 1.1 Detailed Description of Triming Project composition 7 1.2: Phases for Preparing the RAP 9 1.3: List of Blocks to be Rehabilitated/Constructed (Pilot & Undeveloped Blocks) 9 2.2: Main Categories of Interest by Area in the Proposed Gravity Command Area 15 3.1: Land Use Act and World Bank OP 4.12 - A comparison 31 3.2: The Entitlement Matrix for various categories of PAPs 34 4.1: Number and Type of Affected Person 40 4.2: Type of Assets Affected 46 4.3: Impact on land (ha) by block and PAPs 46 4.4: PAPs and Agricultural Resource Impacted (Ha) 46 4.5: Vulnerable Group 48 5.1: Market survey of an ha for a planting season in Naira (#) 52 5.2: Compensation rate - Guidelines for temporary acquisition of assets 54 5.3: Category of loss and resettlement measures 55 5.4: Categories of loss for each block /compensation Acquisition guideline for PAPs 55 6.1: Outline of Consultations 65 6.2: Queries/Observation and the response given to the Stakeholders 72 6.3: Stakeholder Engagement and Communication Process 76 7.1: Suggested Names of Resettlement Implementation Committee members. 78 7.2 : RIC members Roles and Responsibilities 79 7.3: Awareness and Capacity Building Needs for RIC and other Relevant Stakeholders 80 7.4: Budget Estimate for the RAP Implementation 81 7.5 Summary of budget for compensation in Pilot and Undeveloped area 82 7.6: Major Component Tasks and Schedule for the RAP Implementation 85 viii Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme 8.1: Grievance Procedures Steps 90 8.2: A Typical Reporting Format for Grievance Redress 92 9.1: RAP Monitoring Plan for DKIS 97 9.2: Categories of Indicators 98 9.3: Monitoring Indicators during and after resettlement 99 List of Figures Figure Page 1.1: Location Map of DKIS 3 1.2: DKIS Layout 5 1.3: DKIS Skeletal Layout 11 2.1 Age of Respondents 19 2.2: Sex of Respondents 20 2.3: Occupation of Respondents 21 2.4: Marital status of Respondents 21 2.5: Religion of respondents 22 2.6: Household of Respondents 22 2.7: Average Income of Respondents 23 2.8: Base value for respondents Property 23 2.9: Type of persons affected 24 2.10: Owner of affected structure 24 2.11: Identity of Affected Assets 25 2.12: Vulnerable Categories 25 2.13: Education attainment among the male and female respondents 26 4.1: The Dam and Design Layout of Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme 41 4.2: The Dam and Engineering Design Layout of Dadin Kowa Irrigation Site 42 4.3: Response on willingness to volunteer space 44 4.4: Choice of assistance 44 5.1: Process for payment of compensation 57 6.1: Actions Adopted for Managing Public Consultation 63 7.1 Flowchart for Compensation Payment Arrangements & Schedule 83 7.2. Flow Chart of RAP Implementation 86 8.1 Flow Chart for Grievance Redress Steps 90 List of Plates Plates Page 2.1: Condition of Infrastructures within the irrigation area 16 2.2: Modes harvest are transported 28 List of Maps Map Page 2.1: The Dam and Engineering Design Layout of Dadin Kowa Irrigation Site 18 4.1: Farm Parcel and PAPs inventory mapping in Block 1B 33 4.2: Farm Parcel and PAPs inventory mapping in Block 1C 34 List Boxes Box Page 5.1Options for Livelihood Maintenance 57 6.1: Some Questions that Assisted Stakeholders identification 63 List of Appendices Appendix Page 1.0 Simple PAP Form 1.1: Safeguard Instruments Prepared for the Proposed Works 1.2: Terms of Reference for RAP preparation and Implementation 1.3 Approach / Methodology for RAP Preparation 2.1 Engineering Design of DKIS Layout 2.1: List of PAPs and Some Socio-economic Characteristics 2.2 Map showing PAPs Assets and Identification in each Blockal Layout 3.1 Entitlements ix Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme 4.1: Register of PAPs and PAP Identification 5.1 Stakeholders met 5.2 Letter of Invitation for Public Forum 5.3 Newspaper Advertisement for RAP Announcement and Invitation for Public Forum 6.1 Annual External Audit ToR for RAP Implementation 7.1 Typical Notice of Intention to enter land to PAPs for work List of Acronyms ADP Agricultural Development Program AfDB African Development Bank ARAP Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan ARCN Agricultural Research Council of Nigeria ATA Agricultural Transformation Agenda ATIC Agriculture Transformation Implementation Council AWF African Water Facility BES Budget Execution System BOA Bank of Agriculture BP Business Policy BP Bank Policy CADP Commercial Agriculture Development Project CAN Community Needs Assessment CBN Central Bank of Nigeria CBO Community Based Organization CDD Community-Driven Development CLO Community Liaison Officer CPS Country Partnership Strategy CSO Civil Society Organization DaLA Damage and Loss Assessment DKIS Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme DROD Dams & Reservoir Operations Department EA Environmental Assessment EAP Emergency Preparedness Action Plan ECOWAS Economic Community of West African States EFCC Economic and Financial Crimes Commission EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan EPA Environmental Protection Agency ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan FAO Food and Agriculture Organization FGD Focus Group Discussion FGN Federal Government of Nigeria FMARD Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development FMC Farmers’ Management and Service Delivery Center FMEnv Federal Ministry of Environment FMWR Federal Ministry of Water Resources FSLC First School Leaving Certificate GCE General Certificate in Education GDP Gross Domestic Product GIFMIS Government Integrated Financial Management Information System GIS Geographic Information System GNP Gross National Product GoN Government of Nigeria GPS Global Positioning System Ha Hectare HA Hydrological Area HIV/AIDS Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome x Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme H-JKYB Hadejia-Jama’are-Komadougou–Yobe Basin HNW Hadeija-Nguru Wetlands HVIS Hadejia-Jama’are Valley Irrigation Project IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (official name of The World Bank) ICT Information and Communications Technology IDA International Development Association IFC International Finance Corporation IFPRI International Food Policy Research Institute IMA Irrigation Management Association IMF International Monetary Fund IPF Investment Project Financing ISP Implementation Support Plan ISR Implementation Status Report ITRC Irrigation Training Research Center IUCN International Union for the Conservation of Nature IWMI International Water Management Institute IWRM Integrated Water Resources Management IWUA Irrigated Water Users Association JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency KRIP Kano River Irrigation Project LB Land Bureau LDP Letter of Development Policy LGA Local Government Area LGCs Local Government Councils LGs Local Governments LRC Local Resettlement Committee LSMS Living Standard Measurement Study LUA Land Use Act LUAC Land Use Allocation Committee LVO Land Valuation Office M &E Monitoring and Evaluation MCM Million Cubic Meter MDAs Ministries, Departments & Agencies MDG United Nations Millennium Development Goal MGM Matching Grant Mechanism MIGA Multilateral Guarantee Agency MIS Management Information System MOE State Ministry of Environment MOF Ministry of Finance MOU Memorandum of Understanding MoW Ministry of Works MTEF Medium-Term Expenditure Framework NIMET National Meteorological Agency NBA Niger Basin Authority NBS National Bureau of Statistics NCA National Council on Agriculture NCB National Competitive Bidding NCWR National Council on Water Resources NEPAD New Partnership for Africa’s Development NEWMAP Nigeria and Watershed Management Project NIC National Irrigation Commission NIHSA Nigeria Hydrological Services Agency NIMET Nigeria Meteorological Agency NIP National Implementation Plan NIPN National Irrigation Policy for Nigeria NIRSAL Nigerian Incentive-based Risk Sharing for Agricultural Lending NIWRMC Nigeria Water Resources Management Commission NPC National Project Coordinator O&M Operations and Maintenance OD Operational Directives (of the World Bank) xi Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme OM Operational Manual OP Operational Policy OPs Operational Policies (of the World Bank) ORAF Operational Risk Assessment Framework OSH Occupational Safety and Health OVC Orphans and Vulnerable Children PAD Project Appraisal Document PAP Project Affected Person PAPs Project Affected Persons PCA Project Command Area PDO Project Development Objective PER Public Expenditure Review PFM Public Financial Management PHRD Japan Policy and Human Resources Development Trust Fund PID Project Information Document PIM Participatory Irrigation Management PIU Project Implementation Unit PLC Public Limited Company PLWD People Living With Disability PLWHA People Living With HIV and AIDS PMU Project Management Unit PoE Panel of Experts PPP Public-Private Partnerships PPUD Physical Planning and Urban Development PRAMS Procurement Risk Assessment and Management System PREM Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Network PSC Project Steering Committee PWD Public Works Department R&D Research and Development RAMP II Nigeria’s Rural Access and Mobility Project RAP Resettlement Action Plan RBDA River Basin Development Authority RBMC River Basin Management Commission RIC RAP Implementation Committee ROSC Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes ROSPIN Review of the Public Irrigation Sector in Nigeria RoW Right of Way RPF Resettlement Policy Framework RRF Resettlement and Rehabilitation Framework RTGS Real Time Gross Processing System SBD Standard Bidding Document SCPZ Staple Crop Processing Zones SDR Special Drawing Rights SESA Strategic Environmental and Social Assessment SFPZ Staple Food Processing Zones SIL Specific Investment Loan SoSP Statement of Sector Policy SPMU State Project Implementation Unit SPRI Small-scale Private Irrigation Schemes SRFP Standard Request for Proposal SRRBA Sokoto-Rima River Basin Authority S-RSB Sokoto-Rima Sub-Basin STD Sexually Transmitted Disease STI Sexually Transmitted Infection TA Technical Assistance TAC Technical Advisory Committee ToR Terms of Reference TRIMING Transforming Irrigation Management in Nigeria WUAF Water User Association Federation UNDP United Nations Development Program xii Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme UTM Universal Transverse Mercator VCT Voluntary Counselling and Testing WB The World Bank WGS World Geodetic System WHO World Health Organization WRB Water Resources Bill WRC Water Regulatory Commission WUA Water Users’ Association ARAP UNIT OF MEASUREMENT 1 ha Hectare 2 m Meter 3 m2 Squared meter 5 km Kilometer 6 km2 Squared kilometer 7 t Ton 8 yr Year xiii Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Definitions of Key Terms S/n Term Definition 1 Census This is 100% enumeration and registration of all people and assets that are affected by land acquisition and resettlement. The census provides vital information for accurate compensation and the RAP. 2 Compensation Payment in cash or kind for an asset or resource that is acquired or affected by a project at the time the asset needs to be replaced. 3 Cropping Cropp ing system ess Pattern of arrangement of crops in the field - sole cropping or mixed cropping System 4 Cut-off-date Date of completion of the census and assets inventory of persons affected by the project. People occupying the area after the cut-off date are not eligible for compensation and/or resettlement assistance. Similarly, fixed assets, fruit trees etc. established after the date of completion of the census will not be compensated. 5 Displaced Affected persons by a project through land acquisition, relocation, or loss of incomes Persons and include any person, household, firms, or public or private institutions who as a result of a project would have their; Standard of living adversely affected; (i) Right, title or interest in all or any part of a house, land (including residential, commercial, agricultural, plantations, forest and grazing land) or any other moveable or fixed assets acquired or possessed, in full or in part, permanently or temporarily adversely affected; or (ii) Business, occupation, place of work, residence, habitat or access to forest or community resources adversely affected, with or without displacement. 6 Displacement Removal of people from their land, homes, farms, etc. as a result of a project's Activities. Displacement occurs during: (1) involuntary taking of lands resulting in (i) relocation or loss of shelter (ii) loss of assets or access to assets (iii) loss of income sources or means of livelihood whether the affected persons must move to another location or (2) Involuntary restriction of access to legally designated parks and protected areas resulting in adverse impacts on the livelihoods of PAPs. 7 Economic Loss of assets (including land) or access to assets that leads to loss of income sources or Resettlement means of livelihood as a result of project-related land acquisition or restriction of access to natural resources. People or enterprises may be economically displaced with or without experiencing physical displacement 8 Fadama Hausa term for low-lying irrigable land subject or seasonal flooding along stream banks or depressions 9 Grievance The processes established (a) under law, local regulations, or administrative decision Procedure to enable property owners and other displaced persons to redress issues related to acquisition, compensation, or other aspects of resettlement, as well as (b) specific grievance processes put in place as part of the design of a project. 10 Household Is the unit which includes all members living under the authority of a household head, they are both family members and other dependants. Under the Land Act, a household would be members of the family whose consent would be required in case of alienation or undertaking any transaction on the family residential land. These members should ordinarily reside on the land. These members typically include the household head, one or several spouses, children and other members of the larger family, tenants, and employee. 11 Involuntary (i) Resettlement is involuntary when it occurs without the informed consent of the Resettlement displaced persons or if they give their consent without having the power or recourse to refuse resettlement. 12 Land acquisition The process whereby a person or household is involuntarily alienated from all or part of the land s/he owns or possesses, to the ownership and possession of a project for public purposes, in return for fair compensation. 13 Land-Owner An individual/household/institution recognized as owning land either by customary tenure, freehold tenure, or leasehold including customary occupants of former public land. xiv Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme 14 Land tenure Land ownership arrangements amongst a people - land owned by the community/individual. 15 Physical Loss of dwelling or business as a result of project-related land acquisition, which Resettlement requires the affected person(s) to move to another location. Physical displacement of businesses typically entails economic displacement too 16 Project-Affected Is the area where the Project may cause direct or indirect impacts to the environment Area and its residents. 17 Project-Affected Any person who, as a result of the implementation of TRIMING, loses the right to own Person use or otherwise benefit from a built structure, land (residential, agricultural or pasture) annual or perennial crops and trees or any other fixed or moveable asset, either in full or in part, permanently or temporarily. 18 Rehabilitation The proposed development activities by TRIMING which includes the rehabilitation of activity the present irrigation system 19 Rehabilitation The provision of development assistance in addition to compensation such as land Assistance preparation, credit facilities, training, or job opportunities, needed to enable Project Affected Persons and Displaced Persons to improve their living standards, income earning capacity and production levels; or at least maintain them at pre-project levels 20 Relocation The physical movement of PAPs from their pre-project place or residence, place for work or business premises. 21 Replacement The rate of compensation for lost assets must be calculated at full replacement cost. Cost This means the current market value of the assets plus transaction costs. Regarding agricultural land this would mean that compensation for agricultural land is equal to the market value of land of equal productive use or potential of the affected land, plus the cost of preparation to levels similar to or better than those of the affected land plus the costs of any registration and transfer taxes. 22 Resettlement The time-bound action plan with budget setting out resettlement strategy, objectives, Action Plan entitlements, actions, responsibilities, monitoring and evaluation. 23 Resettlement The direct physical and socio-economic impacts of resettlement activities in the Impacts project and host areas. Refers not just to the physical displacement of people, but also covers taking land that results in the relocation or loss of shelter, loss of assets or access to assets, and/or Loss of sources of income or means of livelihood ( OP 4.12, paragraph 3)... 24 Resettlement A resettlement policy framework is required for projects with subprojects or multiple Policy components that cannot be identified before project approval. This instrument may Framework also be appropriate where there are valid reasons for delaying the implementation of the resettlement, provided that the implementing party provides an appropriate and concrete commitment for its future Implementation. The policy framework should be consistent with the principles and objectives of OP 4.12 of the World Bank. 25 Undeveloped It is used in this RAP to refer to farm lands under cultivation that any form of irrigation Area infrastructure have not been installed or constructed. xv Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Introduction The Government of Nigeria through the Federal Ministry of Water Resources (FMWR) is implementing the Transforming Irrigation Management in Nigeria (TRIMING) project, financed by the World Bank. The Project Development Objective (PDO) is to improve access to irrigation and drainage services and to strengthen institutional arrangements for integrated water resources management, and agricultural service delivery in selected large-scale public schemes in Northern Nigeria. The Dadin Kowa Irrigation Project is one of selected schemes for implementation. The scheme is owned and managed by the FMWR through the Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority (UBRBDA). The TRIMING project is rated as Category ‘A’. It triggers seven World Bank safeguards policies (OP’s), namely, Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01), Safety of Dams (OP 4.37), Natural Habitats (OP 4.04), Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12) – Physical Cultural Resources (OP 4.11), Pest Management (OP 4.09), and Projects on International Waterways (OP 7.50). Specific environmental and social safeguards documents such as Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF), Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) and Pest Management Plan (PMP) were prepared and disclosed both in-country and on the World Bank website. For the proposed DKIS, it is envisaged that the rehabilitation of existing irrigated land, roads and other infrastructure as well as the construction of the designed undeveloped gravity blocks under the TRIMING project, may require temporary minor land acquisition for site camp, construction yard and working areas etc. Prior to the commencement of construction work all project affected persons including farmers will be eligible for crop and land compensation. Need for Resettlement Action Plan Under the TRIMING project, it is noted that it is not enough for communities to passively accept project works and the impacts of these works. Project Affected Persons (PAPs) must participate in the benefits of the project and be given options regarding how they restore or improve their previous level of living. In this regard participating communities have been mobilized to contribute actively to the preparation of this RAP, the project design and implementation, and to maintain the works following implementation. This underscored the accurate analysis of local social conditions and organization with a view to ensuring social inclusion in the project implementation. This RAP identifies the full range of people affected by the project and justifies their displacement after consideration of alternatives that would minimize or avoid displacement. In addition, it specifies the procedures to follow and the actions to be taken to properly mitigate the negative impacts of such displacement on people and communities. The TRIMING Project intervention at DKIS is in full compliance with the requirements of the World Bank Operational Policy on Involuntary Resettlement (OP4.12) which requires the preparation of this kind of action plan to ensure that persons involuntarily displaced have an opportunity to restore or improve their level of living to at least the pre-project level or better off. Avoidance/Minimization of Resettlement The principles of OP 4.12 require that as much as reasonably practicable, involuntary resettlement should be avoided or minimized. In line with this, TRIMING attempted avoidance/minimization of some of the impacts through the following considerations: • Design changes and stakeholder engagement; • Integration of communities/settlements into project design; • Creation of grazing area/routes • Ensuring each scheme size not more than 2,000 ha/scheme to facilitate participation and transparency; • Ensure reliable water resources without creating major conflict with other users and uses; • Farmer occupier land tenure system preferred; xvi Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme • Schemes not involving significant resettlement with only minor land acquisition in connection with irrigation infrastructures Aim and Objectives of the RAP This RAP prepared by TRIMING serves as a document that outlines how the resettlement will be managed to fulfil the objectives of WB OP 4.12 which includes the identification of the impacts, types and levels of compensation and other measures based on the value of assets that will be lost and includes action plan for allocating compensation and budget for implementation etc. This RAP is a document prepared by the TRIMING for resettlement of the affected people and communities, specifying the procedures it will follow and the actions it will take to properly resettle and compensate affected people and communities. Site Description Dadin Kowa Dam is located 5km north of Dadin Kowa village in Yalmatu-Deba Local Government Area in Gombe state. The Dam was constructed across Gongola River for the major purpose of irrigation, hydro power generation, water supply and flood control with a storage capacity of about 2.8 billion cubic meters. The project is to utilize the water releases from the reservoir through the feeder canal, diverted via control structures into a Main Canal that supplies the irrigation scheme. The system of irrigation is by gravity. Water is conveyed into the irrigation network from the feeder canal into the main canal, distributary canals and finally to the field channels where water is fed directly to farmlands. Under the TRIMING intervention project at DKIS, 7 blocks which can support surface irrigation within the scheme, listed in Table 1.2 would be rehabilitated. In the survey report, detailed rehabilitation needs for each of these blocks has been identified, documented and reported. Six blocks that have not been irrigated, listed in Table 1.3 will be newly developed. General layouts design already exist for these blocks. The proposed project is a rehabilitation project aimed at enhancing agricultural production. The project was conceived to give employment opportunities and improve livelihood of farmers within the irrigation scheme and extension. Major Components of the DKIS The major components of the work for Dadin Kowa irrigation scheme have been identified as highlighted below: • General items which include mobilization, demobilization, provision of engineer’s and contractor's facilities, etc. • Rehabilitation and maintenance of existing canals and structures • Construction of primary canals • Construction of secondary canals • Construction of tertiary canals • Construction of field canals • Land Development and Road Infrastructure • Construction of In - field drainage system • Construction of Flood Control • Construction of Night Storage Reservoir • Supply and installation of Pumps and construction of pump and generator houses etc. Special consideration for Herdsmen Notwithstanding the conducive environment for cattle survival in the DKIS, some of the farmers also own livestock which they rear in the project site. To this end cattle tracks and crossing have been provided in the DKIS design based on the present routes traversed by the herdsmen to avoid encroachment on farmlands thereby preventing farmers/herdsmen conflict. These infrastructures will provide free movement for livestock and herds from one location to another in the irrigation scheme. In the sphere of TRIMING intervention at DKIS, the relationship between the herdsmen and farmers have been impressive. Herders usually buy stock fodders from the farmer to feed their cattle. Integration of the herdsmen into the WUA membership is essential as they also use water. Their representation and participation will lead to further reduction/avoidance of conflicts. Road, Bridges and crossing Service Roads The existing service roads in the scheme area are in poor condition, characterized by eroded and undulating surfaces, and ponding during wet season. The roads were created from inception by the local farmers for movements of agricultural produce and livestock and serve as access routes to their rural areas. xvii Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme The roads have been proposed for rehabilitation – grading and reshaping. At specific areas, bridges have been proposed as a result of the proposed canal construction and other infrastructural networks which will render parts of irrigation scheme inaccessible. Foot and motorable bridges have been proposed at technically considerable area not further than 500meters to each. Legal Framework for Land Acquisition The legal framework for land acquisition in Nigeria is the Land Use Act of 1978, reviewed under Cap 202, 1990. The relevant World Bank Operational Policy (OP 4.12), which addresses land acquisition and involuntary resettlement was used as a tool and in preference to the land use act. The differences between the Land Use Act and the Bank’s OP 4.12 are mostly in rehabilitation measures, which are neither proscribed nor mandated in the Act. Thus it is noted in this RAP that in the course of the project implementation in the event of any divergence between the Laws in Nigeria and that of the Bank’s OP 4.12, the more beneficial to the Project Affected Persons shall take precedence in the implementation of this RAP. Census Cut-Off Date The established cut off-date to record the PAPs in the project area was February 29, 2019 which was made known to the PAPs and communities during the stakeholders meeting, and other of channels of communications including messages through their leaders and the town criers. In the event of project delay for more than three years from the cut-off date, there would be needed to update the socio-economic survey that was carried out for this RAP. During the consultations held between November 29, 2018 and January 30, 2019 meetings were held with Emir of Yamaltu, District and Village heads, the Chairmen and Officials of Yamaltu/Deba Local Government Area in Gombe State and Bayo Local Government Area in Borno State. Others included Women Associations, the Water Users Association both men and women, representatives of government ministries and agencies including the Upper Benue River Basin Development Agency, the cattle rearer and the project affected persons whose farmlands, crops and property will be impacted. A total of 3804 PAPs were enumerated. They were made up of 3802 farmers (having agricultural resources) and 2 individuals whose structures (uncompleted building and land) will be impacted by the canal on the left bank. Provision is made for the compensation of those affected as shown in table ES4 (land and structure). The farmers have their farmlands located on the Pilot Scheme (498) which will be rehabilitated and others (3304) on the undeveloped blocks where channels are to be constructed. Benefit of the Project The Project will focus on existing irrigated land and completion of selected undeveloped blocks. The positive project impacts for the primary stakeholders are therefore expected to be far more important than the negative ones. Economic development of the area and region is the long-term objective and is associated with improved agricultural practices through crop irrigation. The economic benefits of the Project will, in turn, have economic benefit for the broader community, and to the zone and region. The main potential positive impacts of the project are listed below: • Increased cropping intensity due to provision of dry season irrigation water • Increased crop yields due to improved drainage, inputs and crop husbandry • Increased crop diversity due to an improvement of land capability by irrigation and drainage and improved access to seeds and markets • Increased livestock productivity thanks to increased availability of crop residue and development of irrigated fodder crops • Increased and stabilised household incomes from agriculturally related goods and services – and associated local employment including for scheme operation and maintenance • Improved institutional capacity of government organizations responsible for water management and agricultural development at local levels • Improved road access with many associated benefits with many associated benefits • Social development particularly due to the establishment and operation of democratic, gender sensitive and transparent water management organizations at different levels • Reduced impacts from flooding xviii Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme • Reduction in incidences of water-borne diseases malaria are likely to reduce following introduction of irrigation systems into the area, they shall help to drain excess water • Increased water supply and reliability. • Improved on-farm productivity. • Improved financial returns from farming. • Longer-term food security. • Better nutrition. Further, during construction phases there could be both short-term and long-term opportunities and benefits such as requirement of labour workforce; and contractual opportunities in the provision of direct support services such as hiring of vehicles, canteen services, etc. The details of these potential opportunities for local communities will be finalised in the biding documents for contractors undertaking the works. Negative impacts of proposed work Minor land take might happen during civil works in the areas for the provision of camps site during civil works and for irrigation infrastructures in line with irrigation practice. However, upon completion of these infrastructures, the land will be redistributed among the original farmers who were affected. At both the Pilot and the undeveloped blocks, the assets inventory identified farmlands and the annual seasonal crops on them as the main asset to be impacted by the project. The categories of losses are provided in the table below. Table ES.1: Category of loss and resettlement measures S/N Block Location Asset Type of Loss Season No of PAPs Affected Temporar Permanent 1 2 y 1. 1A Currently without Irrigation Farmland X X 212 infrastructure but practice wet season farming 2. 1B Pilot practicing dry season Farmland X X 498 farming 3. 1C Currently without Irrigation Farmland X X 284 infrastructure but practice wet season farming 4. 1D Currently without Irrigation Farmland X X 316 infrastructure but practice wet season farming 5. 2A Currently without Irrigation Farmland X X 1220 infrastructure but practice wet season farming 6. 2B Currently without Irrigation Farmland X X 1008 infrastructure but practice wet season farming 7. 2C Currently without Irrigation Farmland X X 264 infrastructure but practice wet season farming 8 Canal Left bank Canal Route Structures and X N/A 2 Vacant land Total PAPs in Pilot Area = 498 Total PAPs in Area without Irrigation Infrastructure = 3,304 Total land area in blocks without irrigation infrastructure = 1,849ha Length of proposed Canal extension = 7.2km Mitigation measures In order to improve the livelihoods of PAPs or restore them to the pre-displacement levels as well as provide a safety net for all the PAPs and improve their livelihoods until they become self-sufficient and resilient to economic stresses as they were pre-project or even better, appropriate mitigation measures have been designed in this RAP for all PAPs. This includes for instance, the provision of compensation for lost farming season. For the vulnerable person, priority shall be given in all mitigation measures relating to them and stress to this group shall be avoided, especially where mitigation measures include physical preparation of sites is required. To adequately mitigate the negative impacts on the PAPs, the costs of the damage to assets have been calculated by generating current market values and estimates for how much it would cost to replace or repair xix Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme affected asset based on the replacement value - the amount sufficient to replace lost assets and cover transaction costs (over the period until the assets are recovered). Unit costs were primarily calculated using information from the local markets. A Register has been prepared for the PAPs which will indicate their losses and compensation. The entire mitigation measures will be delivered to the PAPs before start of civil works at any of the blocks whether in the Pilot scheme or Area without irrigation infrastructure. The proposed project will require temporary use of private lands for work, access, material storage, borrow pits, work sites, or other purposes, a compensation guideline for all temporary acquisition of assets has been developed. Compensation eligibility PAPs eligible for compensation shall be those who experience negative impacts on their assets or livelihoods as a result of the proposed irrigation scheme project as shown in table ES1. In the gravity command area, no houses, schools, mosques or markets will be affected by this redevelopment as these have all been excluded from the design. At the site, considerable resettlement was said to have been conducted by the Federal Government in the past for those displaced due to the construction of the dam and inundation of the reservoirs though the process was described as unsatisfactory by the farmers. However, farmers have generally adjusted well to their new surroundings following the physical resettlement that took place over years ago. As agreed with stakeholders during consultations, issues related to past resettlement that require mitigation are ineligible in accordance with this RAP and under the Bank’s Resettlement policy. No compensation shall be made for any legacy issues as the stakeholders were made to be aware. All PAPs must be given opportunity to harvest all their present crops, without planting new ones before civil works commences. If work exceeds RoW in the area, compensation must be paid for all assets affected. Resettlement of PAPs and Livelihood Restoration The PAPs were informed of the range of different mitigation measures/compensation package, resettlement assistance, and livelihood improvement options available to them and shall be given the opportunity to express their preferences during operation. This option-based resettlement planning is part of a development approach that aims to ensure that the PAPs can reconstruct their production foundations and become self-sustaining, at least to pre-work level. The PAPs have agreed to support the project and to the various resettlement benefits which are to be provided to improve their means of livelihood or restore it to pre ‐impact status. Table ES2: Entitlement Matrix Types of Eligibility Compensation strategy Other measures losses Title holder, lease holder, Provision of compensation Resettlement tenants, squatters and other alternatives to enable the PAPs to assistance Loss of occupants using the land choose the best (cash or in kind land compensation) All owners of structure, Provision of compensation Resettlement tenants, squatters and other alternatives to enable the PAPs to assistance Loss of occupants choose the best (cash or in kind Structure compensation) Loss of Business owners Payment of anticipated profit for Provide travelling business period of relocation. Replacement allowance based on the compensation for assets which nature of the business cannot be moved Loss of All owners of crops and Cash compensation for lost crops Provide assistance with crops and trees and trees accessing farming trees inputs (seeds) Loss of All employees who lose their Ensure transfer of Provision of transition wage jobs as a result of project jobs/identification of similar jobs allowance for the labour construction activities intermediate period) xx Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Any Poor orphans, underage, Identify vulnerable persons that Prioritise vulnerable losses headed family (women or have become more impoverished persons for assistance incurred children), people living with as a result of resettlement and in restoring income by disabilities and chronically ill. provide assistance/support and/or finding jobs as vulnerable package in collaboration with other well as accessing local groups support networks that may include services and facilities education, vocational training, healthcare etc. Loss of Forest and water sources Ensure access to equivalent Provide the supportive communal resources or restore these in the allowance until natural natural new settlement area resource livelihood is resources restored Loss of Communal and private land Relocate other grazing places Relocate other grazing communal around the new resettlement area places around the new grazing resettlement area land Public Participation The essence of consultations carried out in the course of the preparation of this RAP was to ensure public awareness, acceptance and participation. Ideas about the project and concerns of stakeholders and the project designers were shared and considered mutually by affected populations and other stakeholders. . A total of 24 meetings were held between November 29, 2018 and January 30, 2019. Relevant stakeholders met included local government officials, community leaders and other opinion leaders in the communities, PAPs and other individuals and special interest groups such as women associations, CBOs and trade unions. At the meetings the overview of the project, what a RAP entails and other related information were presented to the stakeholders. Furthermore, at the fora, the potential displaced persons and community members were provided information and consulted on resettlement options available to them, and offered opportunities to participate in planning, implementing, and monitoring resettlement as well the grievance redress mechanism. In other words, the PAPs specifically were told that they can air their concerns and suggestions which will be incorporated to the extent possible in project design and implementation of this RAP. They were made aware of their rights, which include compensation for impacts and alternatives – even if they are willing to give up land, assets and or livelihood in the general public interest. They also discussed their concerns and views about the intervention work. It was emphasized that compensation will only be for those who are affected in the course of the proposed irrigation work. Furthermore, the stakeholders were informed of the need to make available qualified local labour during the works as may be requested by the contractor through the community leaders. Directly affected local PAPs, will be given priority for this employment. The stakeholders offered opinions on how the process will be hitch free and satisfactory to all. They offered to cooperate in the process of planning and implementation. RAP Coordination and Implementation The implementation of the RAPs shall require close collaboration among all the stakeholders with a mutual understanding struck at the beginning of implementation phase. The institutional arrangement has been pragmatically designed to involve relevant Stakeholders with the TRIMING Project PMU providing an overall oversight. Also, a RAP Implementation Committee (RIC) made up of representatives of the local farmers, local communities, traditional leaders/ Village head, DKIS project manager and representatives of WUA shall drive the RAP implementation and land redistribution exercise with support from the Social Safeguard Specialist of the TRIMING to ensure adequate handling of the resettlement issues. Before the commencement of work, the Resettlement Implementation Committee (RIC) will be set up with the participation of the main stakeholders (RBDA, WUA, local leaders, TRIMING). The RIC will liaise with and receive the work plan for the upcoming 6 months from the contractor as validated by the supervising engineer. The committee will meet twice per year to review this work plan to determine who will be affected by the project for payment, in addition to coordinating the activities of the RAP implementation. The RIC committee will meet in: xxi Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme • February to evaluate the works to be carried out during the rainy season and determine the farmers that will be affected during the works from June to October in the undeveloped area; and • July to evaluate works to be carried out during the dry season and determine the farmers to be affected during the works of November to May in the rehabilitation area. Furthermore, the committee will also meet every 6 months to re-evaluate farmers’ compensation in line with current inflation reality and scale up the compensation sum in line with existing inflation rate in the scheme. The committee will develop a list of Persons Affected by the Project (PAPs) from the RAP report during its meeting. This list will be disseminated and made public at the UBRBDA and Scheme-WUA level as well as by radio and other means to ensure transparency of the project so that all farmers would know 3 months in advance if the works of the upcoming year will impact their farms or not. This list will be made public at the scheme, with copies posted at the relevant village sites, RBDA and communities through radio, DKIS project office, town criers etc. After disclosure, a simple “PAP form” (Appendix 1.0) will be prepared and distributed to each impacted farmer through the respective WUA leaders to be completed by each PAP. The completed form will be signed by the project manager (RBDA), the Scheme-WUA representative and the traditional leaders. Once the form is filled, the TRIMING Scheme Safeguards Officer with support from the RBDA will assist PAPs who cannot read or write and ensure that the forms are duly prepared and signed. The completed form with each PAP’s passport affixed will be presented for final validation at the point of compensation payment. Upon handing over of compensation to each farmer unit by unit, his/her picture would be taken for record purpose. Once all the PAPs of each unit and block are compensated, TRIMING will inform the WB that the PAPs of that block have been compensated. No civil works contracts for the proposed rehabilitation work shall be initiated unless land free of any encumbrance is made available. The major component tasks and schedule for the RAP implementation have been developed in the RAP. Strengthening Organizational Capability Based on the interaction with the relevant stakeholders, assessment and determination of the characteristics of all project affected persons (PAPs), valuation of assets to be compensated as well as the assessment of the institutional capacities of the different parties involved in the RAP implementation, areas of awareness creation and training/capacity building have been identified as indicated in Table 2. Table ES3: Major Component Tasks and Schedule for the RAP Implementation Activities 2020 2021 Remarks F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A MJ J A S O Disclosure of Feb 2020 RAP Inauguration of Mar 2020 RIC RIC Compiles Apr 2020 list of PAPs Disbursement May 2020 of Compensation Assistance. Follow up on May/June assistance to 2020 PAPs by RIC/PMU/ Mobilise to site Civil Works – Nov. 2020- May, 202! RIC Compiles February list of PAPs 2021 Arrangements Mar 2021 for xxii Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme disbursement of Assistance Disbursement Mar/Apr. of 2021 Compensation and any other Supplementary assistance. Follow up on May 2021 compensation payment to PAPs by RIC/PMU & Mobolisation to site Rehabilitation/C June- ivil Works – October Commencemen 2021 t of project operations. Review Nov. 2021 Income Throughout Restoration project Assessment Implementati on Payment Schedule For the works scheduled to commence during the dry season (November – May), the affected farmers shall be compensated in August-September, two months before the commencement of the dry season works. While the farmers that shall be affected by the works of the rainy season (June – October), shall be compensated in April, two months before the commencement of works. Given that the entitlement payment entails many fairly small payments every six months, it was decided that the payment should be made through a commercial bank, unit by unit according to each farmer’s hydrological boundary at locations to be determined by the RIC during their meeting. This location shall be communicated to all farmers ahead of compensation payment date. Bearing in mind that many of the PAPs do not have bank accounts, a series of financial literacy workshops will be delivered in order to ensure that people are able to maximise their compensation wisely. In compliance with World Bank safeguards, farmers must be compensated before works start. Findings from this RAP revealed that an average land tenure arrangement in the scheme is less than 2ha per family, therefore, the compensation payment would be on average of N18,000 per acre per season (approximately US$50 per season) and N36,000 per two seasons (approximately US$100). These sums have been calculated on a full replacement basis, which means that the amount paid to farmers will be enough for their livelihood for the entire season. In the course of implementing this RAP, special attention shall be given to vulnerable individuals and households such as the elderly, widows, people with disability among the PAPs. The PAP form of payment of each PAP and his/her photograph will be kept by the TRIMING project office, the representative of the commercial bank dispensing the cash and the DKIS project office. Budget and Cost Estimate A detailed inventory of all affected assets provides the basis for estimating the compensation and assistance costs. The cost of Agricultural resources was arrived at by using the rate agreed with the farmers of N18,000 per acre. An acre is 0.4 hectre. For example the pilot scheme has a total of 171.2ha. Therefore 171.2/0.4x18000= N7,704,000.00. for the total cost of agricultural resources we add N7,704,000.00 to 83,241,000.00 to arrive at N90,945,000.00. The cost of land and structure impacted by the extended left back canal is N879,000.00. When the expected cost of grievance management and implementation which is N2,000,000.00 is added to above figures, the total cost implication for the implementation of the RAP is N93,824,000.00. This sum is xxiii Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme expected to cover cost for compensation for economic displacement for dry season (as respect those who cultivate during the dry season), and wet season (as respect those who farm during the wet season), physical displacements resulting from canal alignment and, grievance management and compensation commission. In addition, a provision of 10% of the total budget for contingencies is added to the current budget Financial Responsibility and Authority The Project’s counterpart funding is the source of funds for the payment of the necessary compensations and mitigation measures and overall implementation of the RAP. Table ES.4: Budget Estimate for the RAP Implementation S/N ITEM COST (NAIRA) Total (NAIRA) A Compensation for A1 Land and structure 879,000.00 A2 Agricultural resources (compensation for 90,945,000.00 economic displacement during works at Pilot (83,241,000.00 Scheme & Areas currently without Irrigation + 7,704,000.00) facilities) Sub-total 91,824,000.00 B ADDITIONAL MITIGATIONS B1 Grievance management 1,000,000.00 Sub-total 1,000,000.00 C IMPLEMENTATION COSTS C1 Third Party Witness/Monitor 500,000.00 C3 Disclosure of RAP 500,000.00 Sub-total 1,000,000.00 D Total 93,824,000.00 E + Contingencies 10% 9,382,400.00 Grand Total 103,206,400.00 @ N360 to 1$ equivalent $286,684.44 1 Third Party Witness As earlier stated above, the estimated compensation cost for the project is N93,824,000.00($260,622.22). This is made up of loss of agricultural resources/temporary displacement from farm land in the 1. Pilot area currently practicing dry season farming via tube wells N7,704,000.00(US$21,400.00), 2. Area currently without Irrigation Facilities but practice wet season farming N83,241,000.00(US$170,984.24, 3. Permanent loss of land and structure resulting from the canal alignment N879,000.00 (US$2,441.67). 4. Grievance Management/Implementation N2,000,000.000($5,555.56). The rate is based on N360 to US$1. The summary of this cost is presented in table ES.5 below. The area without irrigation infrastructure, also referred to as undeveloped area, is made up of farmlands under cultivation. Unlike the Pilot Area where channels and canals had been constructed as a pilot scheme in the past, there had been no irrigation activities in the undeveloped area. They are now being included to benefit from the proposed project. In the course of the construction, the farmers will not have access to their farmlands hence the need for compensation. The size of the area without irrigation facilities is 1,849.8ha. Using the same N18,000.00 per acre and an acre being 0.4ha, we have the compensation cost of N83,241,000.00. Table ES.5 Summary of Compensation Budget for Pilot Area and Areas currently without Irrigation Infrastructure YEAR Area Ha BUDGET (N) US$ PILOT Ha BUDGET (N) US$ without Irrigation Infrastructu re 1 1A, 1C, 2A 882.5 N39,712,500.00 $110,312.50 1B 171.2 7,704,000.00 $21,400.00 2 1D, 2B & 2C 967.3 N43,528,500.00 $120,912.50 1 A local Non – Government Organisation is to be used as a 3rd party witness or monitor during implementation xxiv Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme SUB 1849.8 $231,225.00 171.2 7,704,000.00 $21,400.00 TOTAL N83,241,000.00 Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) Disputes and grievances are common phenomenon in any human organization as such this is expected on the project. It is envisaged that some of the project affected persons are likely to feel inadequately treated during the implementation of this RAP. In this regard, a well-structured and culturally appropriate TRIMING’s Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) is adopted for implementation. The grievance redress mechanism is aimed at reducing problems and difficulties during implementation. The TRIMING’s GRM process provided an avenue through which affected persons were assisted to appreciate the provisions under the RAP for addressing any complaint, grievance or dispute arising from the RAP implementation in a transparent, credible and culturally acceptable manner. The grievance redress mechanism is localized with active involvement of traditional rulers, WUA leadership, DKIS project and women leaders. It provides a cost effective, affordable and accessible third party settlement of grievance, dispute or complaints. Grievance Redress Committee (GRC) A grievance redress committee which is an extract from the Resettlement Implementation Committee and respected leaders in the community will be formed. The committee will hear, receive/record complaint, and suggest corrective measures (through mediation) at the field level and facilitate the implementation of the decision reached to the PAP. Grievance Redress Process The grievance redress process has been simplified to ensure accessibility to all PAPs. All grievance will be screened and assessed for possible solution approach before implementing the solution. The first point of call for resolving grievance is at the unit level through a volunteer contact person. If redress at this level fails, the block level contact person will intervene to resolve it. If resolution fails at this level, the traditional rulers (in liaison with the GRC) will take it up. If however, all these levels fail, then TRIMING Project Coordinator will deal with the issue. The judiciary will be the last resort if all the above processes fail. Expectation when grievance arises It is pertinent to note that when PAPs present grievance or complaint, they expect to be heard and their complaint acknowledged honestly and remedied. Thus, project implementers must create an enabling environment that assures PAPs that their grievance can be voiced out and attended to without any form of retribution. Management of reported grievance An aggrieved PAP files his/her complaint to the GRC in writing or telephone. Written complaint will be signed and dated in a complaint log book. In the same manner, records of all telephone/ informal complaints shall also be kept. TRIMING scheme level social and environmental officer, supported by the WUA representative and DKIS project will ensure the correctness of the complaint / grievance. The scheme level social and environmental officer will also write on behalf of aggrieved PAPs who cannot write. This will be signed / thumb printed by the aggrieved PAP. Grievance log and response time Redress process starts upon the receipt and registration of grievance/ complaint at the relevant uptake point. A grievance redress form will be filled by every aggrieved PAP, which must contain all information regarding the complaint and the complainant. The response time for each complaint/ grievance will depend on the issue to be addressed. However, all complaint/ grievance should be acted upon within 10 working days. All information regarding the complaint, complainant, response time and resolution shall be uploaded into the project database. Monitoring and evaluation In addition to uploading information regarding complaint in the project database, the scheme level social and environmental officer will keep weekly record/report of all complaints, status of the complaints and any outstanding issue requiring attention. He will report the grievances to the Scheme level M&E officer and the Social Specialist of the PMU. Generally, monitoring and evaluation of the RAP will be a continuous process and TRIMING shall play a key role in reporting the progress of implementation as well as compliance to the World Bank. Disclosure xxv Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme After clearance from The World Bank, the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) will be publicly disclosed in Nigeria, in both English and Hausa (executive summary) and on the World Bank Infoshop. Bayanai Masu Mahimmanci 1 Karin Haske Gwamnatin Najeriya tana aiwatar da aikin tsarin bunkasa noman rani a Najeriya wato (TRIMING), wanda Babban Bankin Duniya ke daukar nauyin aiwatar da shi. Babban burin wannan aiki shine ganin an sami ingantaccen aikin samar da ban ruwa da kuma gyara manyan hanyoyin ruwa domini samun wadataccen kayan abinchi da aka shuka a wannan yanki da ake aiki na Dadin Kowa dake cikin jihar Gombe. Makasudin Haɓaka Zartarwa (PDO) shine inganta haɓakar ban ruwa da ayyukan magudanan ruwa da kuma karfafa tsare-tsaren cibiyoyin samar da hanyoyin samar da ruwa, da na aikin gona a wasu zababbun wurare dake da wadataccen wurin aiki a Arewacin Najeriya. 2 Tasirin Aikin Achikin wuraren da aka tsara za'a aiwatar da wadannan aiyuka ba wasu gidaje, makarantu, masallatai ko kasuwanni da wannan aikin zai shafa saboda waɗannan duk an cire su daga tsarin aikin. Koda yake akwai 2 PAP waɗanda suka hada da gida daya (1 ) da ma'aikata daya (1) wadanda wannan aikin zai shafi wani bangare na daga chikin filayensu (7.261Km) wanda ke a bangare hagu da bakin rafi da za'a yi wannan aiki. Za a biya diyya na kudi ne ga wadannan wadanda suka rasa filayen su wanda ya kai na naira dubu dari da ashirin( N120,000) wanda yake dai dai da Dalar Amurka dari uku da talatin da uku a farashin wannan lokachi,($333.33) a ko wane hekta daya (wanda bai wuce kashi biyar cikin dari(5%) ne ba na duka filin da mutum ya mallaka ko ya rasa) , wanda shine PAP suka ga yafi dachewa da a biya dashi. Dauki da za,ayi a lokacin wannan aiki anyi hasashen yakai shekaru uku, wanda za,ayi shi a lokuta daban daban dakuma bangarori daban daban, a lokacin wannan aiki manoma zasu rasa wuraren nomansu saboda irin aikin gyare gyare da akeyi agurin wanda zai hana su samun daman yin noma a lokacin da ake wannan aiki. A lokacin da ake aikin gine gine a wani bangare manoman dake wani bangare wanda ba a fara aikin ba kokuma wanda bai shafa ba zasu iya ci gaba da aikin noma a bangarensu. 3 Tsarin Anfana A guraben gwajin (171.17ha kasancewan sa daga cikin tsarin jadawalin aikin gine da Biyan Diyya gine wanda ake hasashen za a gama a cikin shekara daya), manoma suna ba da ruwa lokacin damina daga watan (Yuni zuwa Oktoba) da lokacin rani daga (Nuwamba zuwa Mayu). Ba zai shafi aikin noman damina a wannan yankin ba saboda zai mai da hankali ne kan hanyoyin ruwa, magudanar ruwa da sauran bangarori. Koda yake, baza su iya yin noma ba a wasu lokutan lokacin rani sakamakon katsewar ruwa a wurin samar da ruwa ko kuma wasu wuraren. A saboda wannan dalili, za a biya su diyya. Ganin cewa aikin gyaran zai gudana ne a matakai,wadanda suke a wuraren gwajin zasu yi asaran noma na shekara daya. Kimanin manoma 498 bazasu samu daman noma ba saboda rashin samun daman ban ruwa a yayin wannan aikin. Za a biya su diyya sakamakon rashin samun damar yin amfani da filayen su / ko yin noma. A wuraren da ba’a bunkasa ba (1849.83ha a cikin watanni 24) manoma a daya bangaren kuma, ba za su samu daman yin noma ba a lokacin rani, saboda ba za a biya diyya ba.lura da cewa aikin zai cigaba da gudana ne hakan ka iya kawo cikas ga masu noma lokacin damina wanda akeyi a tsakanin watan yuli- oktoba,wadannan mano da abun yashafa za a biya su diyya na asaran wannan lokaci da basu samu sukayi noma ba. Wannan yankin daba a bukasa ba zai shafi a kalla manoma 3304. Kowane manomi da ya rasa kaka daya za'a biya shi diyyar Naira 18,000 a kan ko wane 0.40ha a kowace kakar, yayin da manoman da abin zai shafa a cikin lokutan biyu za'a biya su naira 36,000 a kan kowane 0.40ha. An tsara wanan yanayin biyan ne akan hasashen yadda farashin abubuwa ke hauhawa a kasuwanni. A sa ran cewa wnanna diyya da aka biya zai ishi manoman su samar ma kan su da abubuwan masarufi a shekaran farkon na wannan aiki. Koda yake, za a sake duba wannan jimlarbayan kowane watanni 6 don nuna gaskiyar hauhawar farashin kaya na shekaru masu zuwa don ƙididdige adadin saboda xxvi Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme kowane manomi; Inda kuma ake buƙatar sake samin cancantar manoma zuwa sama saboda hauhawar farashin kaya, za a yi hakan kafin a biya diyya. 4 Shiri akan Za a kirkiro Kwamitin Zartas da Tsarin Sauyin Muhalli wato (RIC) tare da halartar Tsarin Dokar manyan masu ruwa da tsaki Kaman su (UBRBDA, WUA, shugabannin karkara, Sauyin Muhalli. TRIMING). Kwamitin zai karbi tsarin aikin watanni 6 masu zuwa daga hannun dan kwangilar wanda injiniya zai zai dake kula da aikin zai ba kwamitin Karin bayani.wannan Kwamiti zai dinga zama sau biyu a shekara: (i) A watan Maris don kimanta ayyukan da za'ayi a lokacin damina daga watan Yuni zuwa Oktoba (manyan lamuran yankin da ba a bunkasa ba) (ii) (ii) A watan Yuli don kimanta ayyukan da za'ayi yayin lokacin bazara daga Nuwamba zuwa Mayu (Anfanin shi a wuraren gwaji) RIC zata fitar da List din wandanda aikin ya shafa acikin rahoton ta bayan sunyi taro su wanda zasu sanar a UBRBDA, tare da manna kwafin kwafi a ofishin ayyukan shirin da kuma garuruwa da suka dace. Za'a kara yada wannan jerin a matakin WUA da rediyo da kuma sauran hanyoyin ta hanyar sadarwa ta TRIMING don tabbatar da bayyanar da aikin ta yadda dukkanin manoma zasu sani watanni 3 kafin fara wannan ayyukan na shekara mai zuwa don gani ko zaiyi tasiri ko babu. Bugu da kari, RIC zasu kuma haduwa abayan kowane watanni 6 don yin bita da sake kimanta kudin biyan diyya kwatankwacin hauhawar farashin kaya a cikin shekaru masu zuwa. Da zaran an bayyana jeri, za'a gabatar da wani tsari mai sauki, wato "PAP form" (Shafi 1.0) ga kowane manomi domin ya / ta cika da kuma sa hannun (i) Shugaban ma’aikatar (DKIS), (ii)Wakilan WUA da (iii) sarakunan gargajiyabda suka dasuka dace. Za'a rarraba wannan fom ɗin a ofishin aikin DKIS zuwa wakilin WUA don rarrabawa zuwa ga PAPs wadanda ke cikin gurin da za a fara aiwatar da aikin gine ginen. Jami'in Tsare Tsare na Shirin , tare da goyon baya daga UBRBDA, zasu taimaka wa PAPs waɗanda ba za su iya ka ratu ko rubutu ba, kuma za su tabbatar da cewa an cika fom ɗin yadda ya kamata. Za'a gabatar da cikakken fom din tare da hoton fasfo na PAP don kafin a biya diyya. A cikin ka’idojin Najeriya da Bankin Duniya, mutanen da ake ganin suna da rauni, kamar yadda aka gano su a cikin wannan RAP, za a ba su duk wani ƙarin taimako da ake ganin ya zama dole don tabbatar da cewa sun karɓi fa'idodin diyya daidai. An kiyasta cewa kowane magidanchi yana da 0.40ha kuma cewa biyan zai kasance a kan naira dubu goma shaa takwas ( N18,000) a kowace kakar noma dai dai da Dalar Amurka hamsin($50). xxvii Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme 5 Tsarin Biya da Za'a aiwatar da biyan diyya ne bayan gabatar da cikekken PAPs, wanda ke dauke Lokachi. dasa hannu, shugaban WUA, sarki ko mai anguwa, shugaban hukumar DKIS (ko wakilinshi) da mai duba ayyukan TRIMING. Kowane PAPs za a ba shi diyyar shi/ta idan mai lissafi da mai bincike ya tantance shi. Da yake wannan biyan kananan kudade ne, biyan diyya ga manoma za ta kasance ne ta hanyar Bankunan kasuwa da aka amince da su, WUA zata bayyana wurin biyan diyya ga manoma ne bayan hukuma RIC tayi zama ta kuma zabi wurin daya dace. Game da PAPs da ya mutu, za a biya haƙƙin zuwa kotun da ta dace don bayarwa ga dangin mamacin daidai da umarnin Islama kamar yadda ake yi a wannan yankin, haka kuma za a ba da hakkin ga marayu ko sanannen mai kula da su ko gidan shugaban kula da marayu. Ganin cewa da yawa daga cikin PAP basu da asusun ajiyar banki za'a gabatar da darussan karatuttuka na ilimi ga PAPs don tabbatar da cewa mutane sun iya biyan diyya cikin hikima. Saboda bin ka’idar Bankin Duniya, tilas ne a biya manoma kafin a fara ayyukan fara. Saboda haka: Don ayyukan yayin lokacin rani (Nuwamba - Mayu), manoma ya kamata su sami diyyansu daga watan Agusta-Satumba. Domin ayyukan za a fara a lokacin damina (Yuni - Oktoba). manoma su samu diyya a cikin watan Afrilu. Bayan an biya diyya ga PAPs, za a adana kofin kowane nau'i na PAP da hoto a ofishin TRIMING, ofishin aikin DKIS da wakilan Bankuna. Kudin da aka kiyasta na biyan diyya shine N93,824,000.00 ($ 260,622.22). Wannan na kunshe da asarar albarkatun gona /rashin samun yin aiki na wani dan lokaci wani l daga gona a cikin yankin 1. Yankin da aka fara a halin yanzu na yin aikin rani ta hanyar rijiyoyi da aka tona ne, N7,704,000.00 (US $ 21,400.00), 2. Yankin da a halin yanzu basu da Kayan Harkokin Ban ruwa amma suna yin noman damina na N83 , 241,000.00 (US $ 170,984.24, 3. Asara na ƙasa ko gini da aka samu sakamakon canjin canal ɗin N879,000.00 (US $ 2,441.67) 4. Gudanar da kuɗaɗe / Aiwatar da N2,000,000.000 ($ 5,555.56). Kudirin ya dogara ne akan N360 ga US $1. lissafin Kudaden da muka samu a baya na kayan aikin gona ansamu matsaya ne akan yarjejeniya da akayi da manoman na naira dubu shaa takwas ( N18,000) ga kowace eka daya watau 0.4 hecta. A miisali a gurin da aka fara wannan aikin yana da adadin hecta 171.2ha. Saboda haka 171.2 / 0.4x18000 = N7,704,000.00. ga jimlar kudin albarkatun noma aka kara N7,704,000.00 zuwa 83,241,000.00 aka samu N90,945,000.00. Kudaden da aka kashe domin biyan diyyan kasa da wasu gine gine dake kanal ta hagu yakai N879,000.00. Idan aka kara yawan kudin da ake sa ran gudanarwa da aiwatarwa wanda yawansu yakai N2,000,000.00 da na baya, jimlar kudin aikin aiwatar da RAP shine N93,824,000.00. Ana sa ran wannan jimlar za ta biya diyya don rage radadin talauci tattalin ga wadanda basu samu yin aiki a lokacin rani ba(kamar yadda waɗanda ke noma a lokacin rani), da lokacin damuna (kamar waɗanda ke noma lokacin damuna), tashi daga wuri sakamakon fadada canal da, kula da korafi da hukumar biyan diyya. Bugu da kari, tanadi na 10% na jimlar kasafin kudin don karawa cikin kasafin kudin. Yayin tattaunawar tsakanin masana ma aikata ta DKIS, an ba da shawarar cewa ya kamata aikin gine gine hanyoyin ruwa ya fara kamar yadda aka tsara kuma shirin aikin ya kamata ya bi ƙa'idodin RAP don kiyayewa daga rashi /biyan diyya na lokutan biyu a bangare guda. Anyi hakane don gujewa samun ƙarancin abinci a shekaran, wanda a baya aka yi hasashen cewa za a rasa kakar noma ɗaya. Ko da yake, yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa za a iya samun sauyi akan bayanan daza su biyo baya a teburin da ke kasa a lokachin aikin. xxviii Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme lamba Kalmomi Ma'ana 1 Kididdiga Wannan na nufin kididdigar na duk mutane da dukiyoyin da abin ya shafa ta hanyar mallakar ƙasa da kuma sake tsarin matsuguni. Kididdigar zata samar da mahimman bayanai na dai dai game da biyan diyya da kuma RAP . 2 Diyya Biyan diyya na kuɗi ko nau'in kadari ko kayan aikin da aka samu a lokacin da ake buƙatar sauya kadari. 3 Tsarin Shuke Tsarin shuka a cikin gonaki na bai daya ko kuma iri daban daban Shuke 4 Lokacin Gama Lokacin kammala ƙidayar yawan abubuwan da aka tattara na kadarorin mutane da Biyan Diyya. aikin ya shafa. Mutanen da ke zaune a yankin da ake aikin baza a biya diyya /ko wani taimakon ba bayan lokacin biyan diyya ya wuce. Haka kuma, dukiyoyin da aka ƙayyade, bishiyoyi masu amfani da sauransu waɗanda aka kafa bayan ranar ƙididdigar ba za a biya su ba. 5 Mutanen da Duka mutanen da aikin ya shafa ta hanyar asarar gonaki, gidaje ma’aikatun Suka Rasa gomnati ko masu zaman kansu, sauyin mazauni, wadanda a sakamakon wannan Muhallin su aikin zai karya masu tattatlin arziki. Hakki ko daman bangaren gida ko fili (wanda yahada da gurin zama, gurin kasuwanci,wajen noma,gandun daji da guraren yin kiwo) ko kuma duk wani kaddara da abun ya shafa, ko kasuwanci, aiki, ma’aikatu, gandun daji dakuma muhalli wanda yazama na bazata ko bana bazata ba. 6 Sauyin Muhalli Mutanen da abin ya shafa ta hanyar rasa ƙasa, gida, ko gonaki da dai sauran su wanda yafaru lokacin: (1) Karban filaye na bazata a sakamakon (i) yin kaura ko asarar matsuguni (ii) asarar dukiya ko samun damar mallakar dukiya (iii) asarar hanyoyin samun kudin ko hanyoyin samun kayan masarufi ko wadanda abun ya shafa dolene su sake wuri. (2) Haramcin damar amfani da wuraren shakatawa wanda hakan ka haifar da illa ga rayuwar PAPs. 7 Karayar Tattalin Asarar kadarori (gami da ƙasa) wadda ke haifar da asarar hanyoyin samun kuɗin Arziki masarufi ko hanyoyin samun abinci sakamakon ayyukan da ke da alaƙa ko kuma ƙuntatawa hanyoyin samun albarkatun ƙasa. Mutane ko masana'antu na iya samun barazana wajen tattalin arzikinsu ba tare da fuskantar canjin matsugunni ba. 8 Fadama Kalman ta hausa ga kasa mara ruwa ko wacce take ambaliyar ruwa a bakin rafi acikin shekara. 9 Tsarin Korafe Hanyoyin da aka kirkira (a) A hukumance, dokokin mazauna guri, ko hukunce Korafe hukuncen mahukunta don baiwa masu mallakar da sauran mutanen da suka rasa muhallinsu damar warware batutuwan da suka shafi mallakar, diyya, ko wasu fannoni na sake maido da su, (b) Tsarin kula da Korafe korafe duk ansaka acikin shirin. 10 Gida Wannan rukunin ya ƙunshi duk mutanen da ke ƙarƙashin ikon magidanci, sun hada da yan uwa ne da sauran waɗanda suke dogaro akanshi. A karkashin kundin tsarin kasa, iyali na na nufin duk wasu dangi waɗanda za a buƙaci yardarsu a kan batun rabo ko aiwatar da ma'amala a kan filayen zama na iyali. Wadannan mambobi zasuyi zama bisa al'ada bisa doka. Wadannan membobin sun hada da shugaban gida, matan gida, yara da sauran dangi mazauna gidan, yan haya, da ma'aikata. 11 Sauyin Muhallin Sauyin muhalli na bazata yana faruwa ne a yayin da aka sauya ma mazauna gurin Bazata zama batareda neman shawarin sub a kokuma saboda basu da ikon ki/gardama adalilin faruwan hakan. 12 Mallakan Kasancewa mutum ko magidanci ya rasa wani bangare ko duka filin sa wanda yake fili/kasa mallakansa ga wani aiki na alumma da za’ayi, za’a tabbatar da ganin anyi adalci wajen biyan su diyya. 13 Ma mallakin Duk wani mutum / magidanci / ma'aikatar da aka amince da ita ta mallaki ƙasa ko fili/kasa dai a hukumance, ko a al'adance, lokacin kyauta, ko kuma lamunin ƙasa ciki har da wadanda ke rike da filayen dake na gwamnati a baya. 14 Tsarin mallakan Tsarin mallakar ƙasa tsakanin mutan- ko kasa/filin da mutum ko gari su ke ƙasa/fili mallakansa. 15 Sauyin Asarar gurin zama ko kasuwanci sakamakon wannan aiki da za’ayi a gurin, wanda Matsuguni na ke buƙatar mutanen da abin ya shafa su koma wani wurin. Sauyin matsuguni na na Zahiri gurin kasuwanci na nuna samun tawayar tattalin arziki wadannan mutane ma. xxix Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme 16 Yankin da Aikin Shine yankin da aikin ka iya haifar da tasiri kai tsaye ko ba kai tsaye ba ga ya shafa mazauna wannan yanki. 17 Mutunen da Duk mutumin da, sakamakon aiwatar da wannan aikin na TRIMING, ya rasa ikon Aikin ya Shafa mallakinsa ko kuma anfani da filin sa, ƙasa/fili (gurin zama, gurin n oma kogurin kiwo) na amfanin gona na shekara ko na na sama da shekara da bishiyoyi ko wata madaidaiciyar kadara ko dai a sashi ko na gaba daya na dindin ko na ɗan lokaci. 18 Aikin Farfado da Niyyan harkan farfadon da kawo chigaba wadda TRIMING ke da niyyan yi ya hada Wuri da inganta da harkan ban ruwa wanda ake dashi a yanzu. 19 Tallafi a Ba da tallafin ci gaba bayan biyan diyya da za’ayi, yahada da shirin gyaran kasa, Sakamakon wuraren bada bashi, koyar da al’umma ayyukan hannu, sama ma su aiki yi, domin Wannan Aikin inganta rayuwar al’umman da wannan aiki ya shafa. 20 Kaura Mutanen da sukayi kaura a sakamakon wannan aiki daga matsugunansu ko guraren aikin su ko masana’antun su. 21 Canjin Farashi Lissafin diyya na kadarorin da akayi asara za a lissafa shi ne akan farashin da ake anfani das hi a wannan lokacin ne. Wannan yana nufin a darajar kadara na wannan lokaci ahada da farashin kasuwanci dake ci a lokacin . Dangane da ƙasar noma kuwa wannan na iya nufin cewa biyan diyya ga ƙasar noma ya zamo daidai yake da darajar kasuwa ta ƙasa na wannan lokaci, da ƙarin farashin shirye -shiryen wanda yayi dai dai ko ya fi na ƙasar da abin ya shafa da kuma farashin na kowane rajista da kuma canji a haraji. 22 Tsarin Dokar Tsarin aiki na lokaci-lokaci tare da samar da kasafin kudi don tsara tsarin muhalli, Sauyin Muhalli manufofi, cancanta, ayyuka, nauyi, bibiyan ayyuka da kimantawa. 23 Tasirin Sauyin Tasirin kai tsaye na zahiri da na tattalin arziƙi na ayyukan sake saiti a cikin aikin da Muhalli wuraren da aka shirya. Yana nufin ba kawai don ƙaurawar mutane ba, ya hada da ƙaura ko asarar matsuguni, asarar dukiya ko samun dama ga dukiya, da / ko Asarar hanyoyin samun kuɗaden masarufi ko hanyoyin samun abinci (OP 4.12, sakin layi 3) ... 24 Tsarin Ka'idojin Ana buƙatar tsarin siyasa na sake saiti don ayyukan da ke da ƙananan abubuwa ko Sauya Muhalli abubuwa da yawa waɗanda ba za a iya tantance su kafin amincewa da aikin ba. Wannan kayan aikin na iya dacewa a yayin da akwai ingantattun dalilai na jinkirta aiwatar da sauyin muhalli, idan har jami’ai masu aiwatarwa ta samar da ingantacciyar kwanciyar hankali da aiwatar da aikinta na gaba. Tsarin manufofin ya kamata ya dace da ka'idodi da manufofin OP 4.12 na Bankin Duniya. 25 Yankin da Ba a Ana amfani da wannan RAP dinne don alaƙanta filayen gona da akayi shuke Bunkasa ba shuke cewa duk wani nau'in abubuwan ban ruwa da ba a shigar ba ko ba a gina shi ba. xxx Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme TAKAITACCEN BAYANI ZARTARWA. GABATARWA Gwamnatin Najeriya ta hannun Hukumar Ruwa ta ҡasa (FMWR) tafara zartarda tsarin “Bunkasa Harkan Noman Rani” (Transaforming Irrigation Managent in Nigeria, TRIMING) a Najeriya wanda Babban Bankin Duniya ta dauki nauyinsa. Makasudin aikin shine samarda daman-makin kaitsaye ga jama’a na noman rani, da janwo ruwa isashshe don karfafa tsarin (noman ranin), da kuma ҡarfafa tsare -tsaren hukumomi don samarda gamsashshen kulada ruwa da bunkasa aikin gona mai fadi, a Arewacin Najeriya. Aikin Ban Ruwan na tafkin Dadin Kowa na daya daga cikin zababbun tsaruka dan aiwatarda tsarin aikin noman ranin. Shi wannan tsari, Hukumar Ruwa a najeriya ta ҡasa (FMWR) ta hannun chibiyar nan ta Hukumar Kulada Cigaban Babban Tafkin Kogin Benue (wato Upper Benue River Basin Development Authorithy UBRBDA) sune suka dau nauyi da kula dashi. Tsarin aikin “Bunkasa Harkan Noman Rani” (TRIMMING) ya samu lambar tauraro ta daya (wato “A”), sannan kuma ya motsa tsarin dokokin tsaro na Babban Bankin Duniya har guda bakwai, wanda suka hada da tsarin dokar Ma’aaunin Muhalli (Environmental Aasssessment (OP 4.01), tsarin dokar Tsaron Tafkuna ( Safety of Dams (OP 4.37), Tsarin Dokar Halittu (Natural Habitats (OP 4.04),Tsarin Dokar Sauyin Muhallin Bazata (Involuntary Resetlement (OP 4.12), tsarin dokar Kayan Al’adu Mabayyana (Physica l Cultural Resources (OP 4. 11), dokar Tsarin Kula da Kwari ( wato Pest Management Plan (PMP) dakuma tsarin dokar Ayyuka Akan Hanyoyin Ruwa na Duniya (Projects on International Waterways (OP 7.50). Kebantattun bayanai na tsarin dokokin tsaro na mu’amalar yau-da-kullum, da na muhalli, kamarsu “Fasalin Dokar Tsarin Sauye-sauyen Muhalli” (Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF), “Fasalin Dokar Tsarin Muhalli dana Mu’amalar Yau-da-kullum” (Environment and Social Management Framework (ESMF) da “Tsarin Kula da Kwari” (Pest Management Plan (PMP), duka an kimtsasu sannan an bayyanasu a shafin yanar gizo na kasa da na Babban Bankin duniya. Bisa ga wannan aikin da aka nufa, akwai hasashen cewa dawoda nagartar kasar da aka dade ana noman rani akanta, hanyoyi, da sauran ayyuka, tareda gine bangarori masu tura ruwa wanda ba’a bunkasa ba, na bukatar samarda kananun filaye inda za’ayi zango, gina bangare na kulada gine -gine, wuraren ayyuka da sauransu, duka a karkashin wannan babban aikin “Bunkasa Harkan Noman Rani”. Sannan k afin fara gudanar da aikin, duk wanda aikin ya taba: wanda ya kunshi harda manoma, za’a basu damar karbar diyyar amfanin gonansu da filayensu. Bukatuwar Tsarin Dokar Sauyin Muhalli Karkashin wannan aikin “Bunkasa Harkan Noman Rani” (TRIMING), sun lura cewa bai isaba kawai ga al’ummar da aiki ya shafa kaitsaye (Project Affected Persons, PAPs), ace su zama buris wajen karban ayyuka da tasirin ayyuka. Ya zama dole Wadanda ayyuka ya shafa a dama da su wajen cin gajiyar ayyukan, sannan a basu damar zabin yadda zasu inganta rayuwarsu ta baya. A wanna fuska, mun sanarda al’umma da zamuyi aiki dasu don bunkkasa tsarin aikin da aiwatardashi da kuma kula da ayyuka masu biyo baya. Wannan ya karfafa tabbataccen shirinmu kan yanayin jin dadin rayuwa da hadin kan al’umm a, wanda ke tabbatarda damawar baidaya a aiwatarda aikin. Bukatuwar Wannan "Tsarin Dokar Sauyin Muhallin”, ta ware duka wadanda aikin ya shafa, ta kuma daidaita alamarin sauyin muhallansu, bayan lura da hanyoyin kubuta daga hakan wanda zasu rage ko su kauda kaura gabadaya daga muhallan. Kari kan haka, tsarin ya tantanche hanyoyin da za’a bi da matakan da za’a dauka don ganin an takaita munin tasirin kaurace-kauracen jama’a. Shidai wannan aiki “Bunkasa Harkan Noman Rani” (TRIMING), yana tafiya ne dai dai da cika-ciken “Tsarin Dokar Gudanarwa Kan Sauyin Muhallin Bazata” ta Babban Bankin Duniya, wanda ya bukaci shirye -shirye makamanta wannan, don tabbatar da samarda damar inganta rayuwar wadanda aiki ya shafa akalla kamar ta baya, ko fiye da ta baya. KAUCEWA/TAKAITA SAUYIN MUHALLIN BAZATA Tsarin Dokoki ta OP 4.12 ta bukaci, matukar yadda zai yiyu, kaucewa Sauyin muhallin bazata. A wannan layi, shirin “Bunkasa Harkan Noman Rani”(TRIMMING) tayi kokarin kaucewa wasu daga cikin tasirin sauyin muhallin bazata ta hanyoyi kamar haka: (1) Tsara canje-canje da sha’anin kula da aiki: (a) Tarkata al’umma/muhallai izuwa tsarin aiki (b) Kirkirar hanyoyin/guraren noma da kiwo (c) Tabbar da kowane fasali da bai wuce hekta dubu biyu (2,000) ba. (2) Tabbatarda ruwa wanda za’a iya dogara dashi, ba tareda janyo kacaniya ga sauran masu amfani da ruwan ba. xxxi Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme (3) Filayen manomi mai noma akafi amincewa dashi. (4) Fasali mai bukatar takaitaccen fili daidai da bukatar kayan noman ranin da akeso, wanda bazai ta’azzara sauyin muhalli ba. MANUFOFIN TSARIN SAUYIN MUHALLIN BAZATA Wadannan Tsaruka wanda shirin “Bunkasa Harkan Noman Rani” (TRIMING) ta shirya, suna matsayin kundin bayanai ne wanda suka tanatance yadda za’a kula da sauyin muhalli don cika muradan Tsarin dokar WB OP 4.12, wanda suka hada da tantanche tasiri, mataki da kashe-kashen fansa da sauran matakai bisa darajar kadara wacce za’a rasa (wajen aiwatarda aikin); sannan kuma sun kunshi tsarin mataki na bayarda fansa da tsare-tsaren aiwatarwa, da sauransu. Wannan “tsarin sauyin muhallin bazata”, kundine wa nda TRIMING ta shiryashi don sauye-sauyen muhallan al’umma da mutanen da aikin ya taba, ta hanyar bayyana hanyoyi da zata bi da matakan da zata dauka don mayewa da biyan fansar mutane da al'umman da aikin ya shafa. KEBANTACCEN BAYANI Wannan aiki, aikine na dawo da martaba don inganta samarda kayan noma. An shirya aikin don samarda damammakin ayyuka da bunkasa rayuwar manoma cikin fasali, da bunkasa noman rani. Shi aikine don amfani da ruwan da ke kwarara daga ma’ajin ruwa ta cibiyar shayarwa, wanda aka ra rrabata ta juyayyun fasula , izuwa babbar cibiya wacce ke shayarda tsarin noman ranin. Tsarin ban ruwan an ginashi kan karfin busa da zata janyo ruwan. Ana turo ruwa ta magudana daga babban tafkin mashaya, izuwa ga asalin magudanan ban ruwan, sannan yabi magudanen rarrabawa har daga karshe ya isa izuwa magudanen cikin filayen gonakai don shayarwa. Karkashin aikin dauki na TRIMING a hukumar DKIS, ginshiqai bakwai (7) da zasu karfafa ban ruwan a zahiri a cikin fasalin aikin wanda aka irgasu a teburin zane na 1.2, zasu samu bunkasawa/gyara. A rahoton binciken, duka bukatun gyara na kowane ginshiqin da za’a ambata, an tantanchesu, an adana bayanasu, an kuma bada rahotanninsu. Ginshiqai guda shida (6) da ba’ayi ban ruwansu ba a teburin zane na 1.3 za’a sabont a ingantasu. Tunima har an samarda tsarin bai-daya don tafidasu. Manyan Bangarorin Hukumar DKIS Manyan bangarori na aiki don fasalin ban ruwa na Dadin Kowa ya hada da: • Abubuwa na bai-daya sun hada da: janyo ra’ayoyin jama’a, sallamar ra’ayoyinsu, samarda kayan aikin injiniyoyi da yan kwangila. • Gyara da kula da tsofaffin magudanai da gine-gine • Gina magudanan ruwa mataki na daya (na tushe) • Gina magudana ruwa mataki na biyu (na tsakiya) • Gina magudanan ruwa mataki na kololuwa • Gina magudanan ruwa na cikin filin gona • Bunkasa kasar noma da inganta tituna/hanyoyi • Gina tsarin mafitar (malalar) ruwa ta cikin filin gona • Gina tsarin takaita ambaliya • Gina tafkin ajiyar ruwa ta dare • Samarwa da kafa fanfuna gamida gina gidan ma’ajin fanfuna da janareta LURA TA MUSAMMAN GA MAKIYAYA Bandama kyakyawan yanayin muhallin da dabbobi zasu rayu wanda hukumar DKIS ta samar, wasu daga cikikin manoman sun mallaki dabbobi wadanda suke kiwatawa a sashin gudanarda aikin. Sakamakon haka, sansanin dabbobi ya samu acikin tsarin hukumar DKIS wanda zai hana tsallake iyakar gonakai da dabbobi ke yi, wanda hakan ya kauda hatsaniya tsakanin makiyaya da manoma. Wadannan gine-gine zasukuma samarda sararin yawatawa daga wannan guri izuwa wancan a cikin tsarin fasalin ban ruwan. A bangaren dauki na TRIMING a hukumar DKIS, alaka dake tsakanin makiyaya da manoma yazama abun burgewa kwarai. Makiyayan mafi yawa sukan sayi abincin kiwonsune daga gurin manoman don chiyarda dabbobinsu. Dunkule makiyayan izuwaga zamowa mambobin cibiyar WUA nada muhimmanci, dubada yadda suma suke amfani da ruwa. Wakilcinsu da damawasrsu a cikin lamarin zai kai izuwa ga daqile fitintinu dake faruwa a tsakaninsu da manoma. HANYOYI, GADOJI DA MAHADAI hanyoyin da ake amfani dasu yanzu a wurin aiki suna cikin halin ni kyasu, samansu duk sun farafshe sannan suna tara ruwa lokutan damina. Tun asali, kananun manoma ne suka gina hanyoyin dan zirga-zirgar amfanin gona da dabbobi, wanda kuma sune hanyoyin shiga kauyuka. An bada shirin gyara hanyoyin, aunasu da kuma sabonta tsarinsu. xxxii Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme A wasu kebantattun wuraren, an bada shawarar gyaran gadoji sakamakon shawarin gina magudanai da sauran gine-gine, wanda zai sanya wasu sashin tsarin ban ruwan isowa ga kowa. An bada shawarar gina gadojin kafa da na ababen hawa a gurabe na musamman wanda aqalla zai kai tsawom mita dari biyar kowanne. TSARIN MALLAKAR FILI A SHARI’ANCE Shari’ar tsarin mallakar fili a najeriya itace “tsarin dokar amfani da fili” (Land Use Act) ta shekarar 1978, wacce aka nazarcheta karo na biyu karkashin Cap 202, 1990. Dokar tsarin Gudanarwa na Babban Bankin Duniya (World Bank Operational Policy (OP 4.12)) mai alaka da hakan, wanda yayi bayani kan mallakar fili da kaurar bazata, anyi amfani dashi a matsayin marika ta fuskar daidaito da dokar tsarin aiki da fili. Saidai kawai banbancin dake tsakanin “dokar tsarin aiki da fili” da “dokar tsarin gudanarwa na Babban Bankin Duniya (OP 4.12)” mafi yawa wajen matakan gyara ne wadanda ba’a sokesuba, ba’a kuma yi umurni dasu ba a cikin kundin tsarin dokokin. Saboda haka, a cikin wannan “Dokar Tsarin Sauyin Muhalli” (Resettlement Action Plan, RAP), yayin aiwatarda aiki, koda za’a samu banbanchi tsakanin dokokin Najeriya da na Babban Bankin Duniya (OP 4.12), cin moriya da alfanun mutanen da aiki ya taba shine zai dau gabaci a waajen zaratarda wa nnan “Dokar Tsarin Muhalli”. KAYYADAJJEN LOKACHIN KIDAYA Zaunannen lokacin kayyade daukar bayanai kan PAPs a wuraren ayyukan shine ashirin ga fabrairu 2019, wanda aka sanarda PAPs dakuma al’ummatan lokacin haduwar gani ta masu ruwa da tsaki, da sauran han yoyin sadarwa ciki harda sakonni ta hannun jagorori da masu yekuwa a gari. Yayinda aka samu jinkirin aiki da yafi shekaru uku daga kayyadadden rana, akwai bukatar sabonta nazarin binciken tattalin arziki da mu’amalar jama’a, a karkashin wannan RAP. Lokacin ganayya da akayi tsakanin Nuwamba 29, 2018 da janairu 30, 2019 anyi haduwa tareda da sarkin Yamaltu Deba, shuwagabannin yanki dana kauyuka, jagorori da mukarabban karamar hukumar Yamaltu Deba a jahar Gombe, dakuma karamar hukumar Bayo dake jahar Borno. Sauran wanda akayi zaman dasu sun hada da Kungiyoyin Mata, kungiyar masu amfani da ruwa (Water Users Association) maza da mata, wakilan ma’aikatun gwamnati da hukumomi ciki harda Hukumar Kulada Cigaban Babban Tafkin Kogin Benue (wato Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority, UBRBDA), makiyaya da kuma wadanda aikin ya taba, da manoman da gonakansu, shukokinsu da kayansu zai tabu. Jimillan mtane 3804 aka kididdige wanda aikin ya taba. Sun hada da manoma 3802 wadanda suke da abubuwan noma), da kuma mutum biyu wanda keda ginin da bai kammlaba da fili (wadanda aikin magudana dake bangaren hagu zai taba. Manoman yakasance suna da gonakinsu a daidai gurbin Fasalin aikin (498) wanda za’a gyara; da kuma sauran (3304) a madakatun da ba’a bunkasaba wanda daga nan tanan za’a gina hanyoyi. MORIYAYAR AIKIN Aikin zai maida hankali kan filayen da tuni sun samu banruwa da kuma zababbun madakatan da ba’a bunkasasuba. Tasirin aikin mai kyau ga hukumomi na tushe su sukafi muhimmanci daga tasiriin aikin marasa kyau. Cigaban tattalin arzikin bangaren da yankin da aikin ya shafa shine dogon burinmu hadida habakar yawaita noman rani a yankunan. Cigaba na tattalin arziki a aikin zai zama cigaban tattalin arzikin gabadaya alummar yankin. Kwararan tasirin aikin masu kyau na aikin sun hada da: • Habakar noma sosai ta hanyar samarda banruwa a lokacin rani • Habakar yabanyan noma saboda inganta magudanan ruwa, dakuma samun iri da cin ribar noman rani. • Habakar noman mabanbantan iri sakamakon bunkasa filin noma ta hanyar samarda ban ruwa da magudanai da kuma samun iso izuwaga iri masu kyau da kasuwa mai riba. • Karuwar habakar dabbobi ga makiyaya_kai madallah da yawaitar irin shukawa da bunkasar albarkatun tsirran noman rani! • Bunkasa da daidaiton kudin shiga ga gidaje masu kasuwanchin kayan noma (kamarsu hatsi, da yayan itatuwa), har-ila-yau ya samarda ayyukan yi ga jama’a (kamar kulawa da fasalin tsari da gudanarwa). • Kara bunkasa dammar hukumomin gwamnati wanda ke kula da ruwa da cigaban harkan noma, a matakin kananan hukumomi • Habaka samun iso ga hanyoyin wanda hakan zai samar da tarin moriya. • Bunkasar mu’amalar rayuwa, musamman ma da kirkirar hukomoin gudananarwa ta siyaysar baidaya, da bada yancin jinsi da kuma daidaitattun hukumomin kula da ruwa a duka matakai. • Takaita illar ambaliya. • Takaituwar cututtukan da suke haifuwa ta cikin ruwa kamarsu maleriya, saboda qaddamarda tsarin ban ruwa wanda bazai bar ambaliyaba a yankunanba balle ruwa ya rinka taruwa. • Bunkasa samarda ruwa da tabbacin dogaro dashi. • Bunkasa duk albarkatun filin gonakai. xxxiii Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme • Habakar riba daga sana’ar noma. • Samun tsaro mai tsayi daga yankewar abinci. • Samun ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki. Har-ila-yau, yayin gine-gine akwai gajeru da dogin hasashe na damammakin ayyuka da moriya kamar bukatar ma’aikata, dakuma wajen zartarda kwangila kamar karbar hayan ababen hawa (don daukan kaya da zirga- zirga), kantuna da sauransu. Cikakkun bayanan wadannan damammaki ga alummar yankin da aikin ya taba zai samu za’a fiddashi a kundin Nema ga yan kwangilan da zasuyi aikin. TASIRIN AIKIN MARASA KYAU Akwai bukatuwa izuwa ga Kananun filaye yayin gudanarda aikin don samarda tantuna da kuma inda za’ayi gine - gine wanda suka shafi ban ruwa. Amma duk da haka, bayan kamala ayyukan, za’a sake maidawa asalin manoman wadanda abun yashafa filayen. Duka a guraben gwajin shukar iri da madakatun kiwo wanda ba’a bunkasaba, an ware musu gonakai wanda noman da akeyi shekara-shekara akai shine ainihin kadarar da aikin zai dakushe. Kasha-kashen asarar da ke iya biyo baya sune kamar haka acikin teburin zane mai biye: Teburin zanen ES1: Kashe-kashen Asara Da Matakan Sauyin Muhalli S/ kashi Wuri Abunda Aikin Nau’in Asara Adadin Wanda N ya taba aikin ya taba o. Na wucin Matabbaci Gadi 1. 1A ba’a bunkasaba Filin Gona X 212 2. 1B Gurbin gwaji Filin Gona X 498 3. 1C ba’a bunkasaba Filin Gona X 284 4. 1D ba’a bunkasaba Filin Gona X 316 5. 2A ba’a bunkasaba Filin Gona X 1220 6. 2B ba’a bunkasaba Filin Gona X 1008 7. 2C ba’a bunkasaba Filin Gona X 264 8. Magu Magudanar hagu da Gine-gine da X 2 danan tafki fili fetal ruwa 9. Jimillar wanda aikin ya taba a gurabennsu = 498 Jimillar wanda aikin ya taba a gurabennda babu kayan noman rani = 3,304 Jimillar fadin kasa (na gurabemda babu kayan noman rani) = 1,849ha Tsayin magudanar da akeso = 7.2km MATAKAN TAKAITA KALUBALEN An samarda matakan takaita kalubalen a wannan “Dokar Tsarin Sauyin Muhallin Bazata” ga mutanen da aikin ya taba, domin inganta rayuwarsu da zamodasu tamkar matakinsu na baya kafin sauya musu muhallan, tareda samarda tsaro garesu gabadaya, da bunkasa rayuwarsu har sai sun zama masu isuwa-da-kansu da jajircewa kan wahal-halun hidimar dukiya tamkar yadda suke a baya kafun aiki, ko fiye da ingancin rayuwar bayama. Wadannan matakai sun kunshi kamar bada fansa na asarar noman shekara (dasuka saba). Ga mutane masu rauni kwarai, an basu gabaci a cikin daukan matakan rage radadi masu alaka dasu; sannan zaa’ayi iya kokarin kaucewa wahalhalu musamman wajenda matakan rage radadin ya kunshi ayyukan zahiri na karfi. Don tabbatarda takaita munanan tasirin aikin akan wadanda aikin ya taba, kimar barnar kowace kadara an aunashine bisaga tsayayyen darajar kadarar a kasuwa a lokacin, wanda kimarta (kudin) zai iya samarda kwatan- kwacin muhallin/kadarar ko kuma kimarda zai gyatta kadarar da aikin ya taba bisaga darajar mayewa ta kadarar a kasuwa a lokacin_ isashshen kudin da zai maye asarar ya kuma isar wajen dawainiyar mai kadara (har zuwa lokacinda za’a maye kimar kadarar). Kimar darajar kowane bangare an aunashine da amfani da bayanai daga kasuwa. An shirya rajista ga wadanda aikin ya taba wanda ke nuni ga n au’in asara da irin fansarsa. Gabakidaya matakan rage radadin za’a mikasu zuwa ga wadanda aikin ya taba kafun fara ayyukan a kowane wuri (wuraren gwaji ko wadanda ba’a bunkasaba). Wannan aiki zai bukaci amfani da wuraren kebe na wucen gadi saboda aiki, dammar isuwa ga taskar ajiyan kayan aiki, mahakan kasa/kwangere, ko don wasu bukatu, an samarda jadawalin tsarin fansa ga dukkan filaye na wucen gadi wanda za’a bukata. CANCANTAR SAMUN FANSAR xxxiv Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Wadanda suka cancanci fansar sune wadanda kalubaken aikin ya taba kadarorinsu ko rayuwarsu sakamakon aikin tsarin ban ruwa da aka ambata a teburin zane na daya (1). A wuraren majanyan turo ruwa, babau gidaje, makarantu, masallatai ko kasuwanni da zasu tabu, saboda an ciresu daga fasalin tsarin baki daya. A yankin aikin, da dama daga sauye-sauyen muhalli saboda aikin gina babban tafki da ma’adinan ruwa wanda Gwanatin Tarayya ta gudanar kan wadanda suka rasa muhallansu, basu samu biyan fansa yadda ya kamata ga manoma. Amma duk da haka, manoman sun sabarda kansu ga sababbin muhallansu biyo bayan sauyin muhallin da ya faru shekaru da suka gabata. Kamar yadda masu ruwa da tsaki suka amince lokacin gani, duk sha’anin daya shafi sauye-sauyen muhallin da suka gabata wanda ke bukatar matakkan gyara, basa daga cikin wanda suka cancanci fansa a karkashin wannan “Dokar Tsarin Sauyin Muhallin Bazata” da kuma karkashin Dokar tsarin sauyin muhalli na babban bankin duniya. Babu fansa ka kowane irin lamarin sauyin muhallin da ya dade; hakan kuwa an sanarwa masu ruwa da tsaki. Duk wadanda aikin ya taba za’a basu damar girbar abunda suka riga suka shuka, batareda sake sabon shukaba kafun aikin ya fara ba. Idan aikin ya zarce lokacin chire amfanin gona, to za’a bada fansar duk abunda ya tabu. INGANTA SAUYINMUHALLI DA RAYUWAR WADANDA AIKI YA TABA An sanarda wadanda aiki ya taba maban-bantan matakan rage radadi/kudin fansa, taimakon sauyin muhalli, da inganta rayuwar jama’a da suka zama zabi garesu, sannan kuma an basu dama su bayyana ra’ayoyinsu lokacin gudanarwa. Wannan dokar tsarin sauyin muhalli na zabi na daga cikin matakan cigaba wanda ya nufi tabbatarda wadanda aiki ya taba, lallai zasu iya sake gina ma’amfanarsu da kokarin zamowa masu isuwa da kai, akalla kamar mataki baya (wato kafun fara aiki). Wadanda aikin ya taba sun amince su karfafa wanan aiki, sannan sun kuma amince da alfanun sauyin muhallan wadanda za’a samardasu don bunkasa rayuwar jama’a da maidasu zuwa tamkar matakin baya ko fiye. Taburin zanen ES2: Jadawalin Cancanta Nau’in Asara Cancanta Hanyar Bada Fansa Sauran Matakai Asalin mamallaki, Mai Samarda damar zabin abunda ka iya Dauki kan Sauyin Mallaka ta Aro, Yan maye fansa ga wadanda aiki ya taba, Muhalli/Kaura Haya, Mazauna alfarma don fidda wanda yafi musu (kudi ko da sauran mazauna fansar kadara a mutunce) Asarar Fili (amfanida) filin/kasar Duk mamallaka gine- Samarda damar zabin abunda ka iya Dauki kan Sauyin gine, masu haya, masu maye fansa ga wadanda aiki ya taba, Muhalli/Kaura zaman alfarma da don fidda wanda yafi musu (kudi ko Asarar Gine- sauran mazauna fansar kadara a mutunce) gine Asarar Masu kasuwanci Biyan ribar da ake tsamani za’a Samarda alawus na tafiye- Kasuwanci samu ta tsawon lokacinda aikin zai tafiye bisaga yanayin dauka. Canjin fansa da kadararda kasuwancin bata motsi Asarar Tsirai Duk masu tsirrai da da Fansar kudi ga tsirrai da bishiyunda Bada tallafi da samarda iso da Bishiyu bishiyu akayi asara ga kayan amfani (kamar tsirrai) Asarar Duk ma’aikatanda suka Tabbatarda sauyin aiki ko samarda Samarda kudin alawus na Ayyukan Kudi rasa aikinsu sakamakon makamancinsa tsawon lokutan aikin ayyukan gine-gine Kowane irin Marayu marasa karfi, Tantance masu rauninda suka kara Samarda gabaci ga masu Asara ta masu kananun shekaru, tagayyara sakamakon sauyin rauni wajen tallafi, a wurin bangaren mata da yara, gajiyayyu muhallin da kuma samarmusu tallafi maida musu kudin shiga da Gajiyayyu da sauran marasa lapiya da karfafawa ta hadin-gwiwa da kuma samarda ayyukan yi mai tsanani cibiyoyi taimako, kamar bangaren da kananun ayyukan da ilimi, sana’oi, lapiya da sauransu kayan aiki Asarar Albarkatun ruwa dana Samarda tabbacin iso izuwaga Samarda tallafi har sai Tattalin Dausayi/lambu makamantansu ko kuma dawoda tattalin arzikin rayuwa ya Arzikin irinsu a sabon muhallin dawo Al’umma Asarar Wajen Fili/kasan al’umma Samarda wasu guraren kiwon a Samarda wasu guraren kiwo na (baidaya) dana mallakan sabon muhallin kiwon a sabon muhallin Al’umma kebe xxxv Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme DAMAWAR JAMA’A A AIKIN Asalin dalilin ganayya da akayi a wajen tsara wannan “Dokar Tsarin Sauyi Muhalli” don tabbatarda w ayarda kan jama’a ne, karbar jama’a aikin, dakuma damawarsu a cikin aikin. Ra’ayuka kan aikin, kulawar masu ruwa da tsaki dakuma masu shirya aikin, duk an nazarcesu tareda mutanenda aikin ya taba da sauran masu ruwa da tsaki. An gudanar da taro guda ashirin da hudu (24) tsakanin Nuwamba 29, 2018 da Janairu 30, 2019. Daga cikin masu ruwa da tsaki dake da alaka da aikin wanda sukazo sun hada da: wakilan gwamnatin karamar hukuma, jagororin al’umma da shuwagabannin ra’ayi a al’umma, wadanda aikin ya taba da sa uran mutane, kungiyoyi da kungiyoyin mata dana yan kasuwa. A gurin taron, an bada haske kan yadda “dokar tsarin sauyin muhallin” zata zama ga gabakidayan masu ruwa-da-tsaki. Kari kan haka, a farkon lamarin, duka mutane da al’umma da aikin ya taba an basu b ayanai, an kuma tuntubesu kan zabin dake garesu daga sauyin muhalli, sannan an basu kofar damawa dasu a cikin tsarawa, aiwartarwa, da kula da sauyin muhallin da kuma sha’anin rage radadi. Ana nufin, a cikin wannan “dokar tsarin sauyin muhallin”, wadanda aikin ya taba an basu damar jiyarda damuwoyinsu da kulawarsu/shawararsu don shigarwa a yayin fasalta tsarin aikin da wajen aiwatarwa. An sanar dasu hakkokinsu wanda ya kunshi fansa da damammakin rage radadi koda ko suna burin sadaukar da fili, kadara, ko kuma dabbobi a gaban daukacin jama’a. Suna kuma tattauna ra’ayoyinsu da damuwarsu kan aikin daukin. Kamar yadda aka fadi, za’a bada fansarne kawai ga wadanda aikin ban ruwan/noman ranin ya taba. Sannan kuma,an sanarda masu ruwa-da-tsaki bukatar kananun ma’aikatan yankin wanda dan kwangila zai bukata, ta hanyar shugabannin yankin. Wadanda aikin ya taba kai tsaye zasu samu gabaci a wannan damar ayyuka. Masu ruwa-da-tsaki sun bada ra’ayoyinsu kan yadda aikin zai tafi sannan kuma yazama gamsashshe ga kowa. Sun mika kai wajen hadin-kan tsare-tsare da aiwatarwa. DAIDATA DOKAR TSARIN SAUYIN MUHALLIN BAZATA DA AIWATARDASHI Aiwatarda kundin zai bukaci hadaka ta kusa tsakanin duk masu ruwa-da-tsaki, da kyakykyawan fahimtar juna a lokacin fara zartarda aikin. An tsara shirin hukumance wanda zai shigarda masu ruwa-da-tsaki masu alaka da aikin, don samarda haske na baidaya. Sannan a kwamitin Zartarwa wanda suka hada da wakilan manoman, kauyuka, shuwagabannin gargajiya, shugaban kula da Ayyukan DKIS da wakilai daga WUA, sune zasu jagoranchi aiwatarda wannan kundi, da atisayen rarraba filaye/kasa, tareda tallafi daga Kwararrun Masu Tsaron Rayuwar Yau” (Social Safeguard Specialist) na hukumar TRIMING don tabbatarda isashshen riko ga lamarin sauyin muhalli. Kafun fara zartarda aikin, za’a nada kwamitin sauyin muhalli atare da damawar manyan su (kamar RBDA, WUA, Shuwagabannin yankin, da hukumar TRIMNG). Su wadannan kwamiti zasu hada kai sannan zasu karbi fasalin aikin daga dan kwangilan a cikin wata shida (6) masu zuwa, kamar yadda injiniyya mai lura da ayyuka ya amince. Kwamitin zasu rinka haduwa sau biyu a shekara don nazarin wadanda aikin zai iya tabasu da tantance wadanda za’a basu kudin fansa, bayan hada kan ayyuka da a iwatarda da dokar tsarin sauyin muhalli. Wannan kwamiti zasu hadu kamar haka: (3) Watan fabrairu, don tantance ayyukan da za’a gabatar a lokain damina, sannan da tantance manoman da aikin zai taba lokacin gudanarda aikin daga w atan Yuni da watan Oktoba a wuraren da ba’a bunkasaba. (4) Watan Yuli don tantance ayyukan da za’a gabatar a lokain rani, sannan da tantance manoman da aikin zai taba lokacin gudanar da aikin watan Yuli a wurarenda za’ayi gyara. Har-ila-yau, kwamitin zasu rinka haduwa duk bayan wata shida don kara tantance fansar manoman atare da dubi ga tashin darajar kaya na lokacin, sannan su kara kudin fansar yayi daidai da tashin darajarsu a lokacin, a cikin kundin tsarin. Kwamitin zasu hada suanayen mutanen da aikin ya taba, daga rahoton kundin dokar tsarin sauyin muhalli lokacin mitin/ganinta. Za’a yada sunayen ga kowa a hukumar UBRBDA da na matakin fasalin WUA, sannan a rediyo da sauran kafafen sadarwa don tabbatarda gaskiyar aikin, saboda manoma su san ko shekara mai zuwa aikin zai taba/shafi gonakansu ko kuma a’a, wata uku kafun farawa. Za’a shaida sunayen ga kowa a wurin fasalin, tareda kofi da za’a manna a kauyuka, RBDA da gurare ta kafar rediyo, ofishin hukumar DKIS, da masu yekuwa, da sauransu. Bayan an bayyana, za’ a tanadi saukakakken fom don wadanda aikin zai taba, sai a rarrabashi garesu ta hannun mai girma shugaban WUA, don kowanne ya cika. Mai kula da ikin (wato kocin RBDA), wakilin fasalin WUA tareda shuwagabannin gargajiya ne zasu sa hannu akan fom din. Da zarar an cika fom din, mai kula da tsaron tsarin aikin (TRIMING scheme safeguard officer) da dafawar RBDA zai taimaki wadanda bazasu iya rubutu da karatu ba daga cikin wadanda aikin ya shafa, sukuma tabbatar da cewa lallai an shirya fom din da kyau kuma an samasa hannu. Fom din kowane wanda aikin zai taba tareda da hoton pasfo, za’a gabatar da su don tantancewa ta karshe a wurin karbar kudin fansa. Bayan an mika fansa ga kowane manomi daki-bayan-daki, za’a riki hotonsa/ta don ajiya. Da zarar an bawa kowa fansarsa, hukumar TRIMING zata sanada da WB cewar mutanen guri kaza an basu fansarsu. xxxvi Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Babu wani aikin da za’a fara wanda ya shafi jama’a a karkashin tsarinnan, har sai an samarda fili wanda babu wani matsi tattareda aiki dashi. Manyan ginshikan ayyukan da fasali na wannan dokar tsarin sauyin muhallin, an bunkasasu a wannan kundin. KARFAFA IKON KUNGIYA Bisaga alaka, tsakanin masu ruwa-da-tsaki dake da alaka da aikin, aunawa da tabbatarda duk alamomi na ayyukan wadanda aikin zai taba, auna darajar kayan da za’a bada fansa, tareda auna ikon duk hukumoninda keda hannu wajen aiwatarda aikin, bangarorin wayarda kai da gogarda ma’aikata, duka wadannan an bayyanasu a teburin zane 2 dake biye. Teburina ES3: Manyan Ginshikan Ayyuka Fasalin Aiwatarda Dokar Tsarin Sauyin Muhalli Ayyuka 2020 2021 Bayyana Ra’ayi F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A MJ J A S O Bayyana Feb 2020 Tsarin aikin RAP Rantsarda Mar 2020 kwamitin Zatarwa Kwamiti su Apr 2020 hada sunayen PAPs Bayarda May Tallafin Fansa 2020 Bin sawun May/June kwamiti da 2020 PMU ga fansar da aka baiwa PAPs Ayyuka Nov. 2020- May, 2021 Kwamiti su February hada sunayen 2021 PAPs Shirya bada Mar 2021 tallafin fansa Bayarda kudin Mar/Apr. fansa da 2021 sauran Tallafin Dauki Bin sawun May kwamiti/UMU 2021 ga biyan fansa ga PAPs, da hada kansu zuwa bangaren aiki Fara June- Gudanarda October ayyukan 2021 Daukin/gyaran Nazarin aiki Nov. 2021 xxxvii Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Auna A duka Dawowar lokutan kudin shiga aiwatarda aikin TSARIN FASALIN BIYAN FANSA Ga ayyukan da aka shirya farasu a lokacin rani (daga watan nuwamba zuwa watan Mayu), manoman da aikin zai taba za’a biyasu fansarsu a watan Ogusta zuwa Satumba watanni biyu kafin fara ayyukan rani. Sannan manoman da ayyukan damina zai tabasu (watan Yuli zuwa watan Oktoba), za’a biyasu fansarsu a watan Afrilu watanni biyu kafin fara ayyukan. Ganin cewa bayarda fansar ya kunshi kananun biya a duk wata shida, saboda haka an yanke biyansu daki-daki ta Bankin Kasuwa (Commercial Bank), dai dai da fadin iyakar filin manomi, wanda kwamiti zasu tabbatar a wurin taro/mitin dinsu. Za’a sanarda dukkan manoma Bankin da za’a biyasu dashi kafin lokacin fara biyan fansar. Saboda sanin cewa dayawa daga cikin manoman basu da asusun Banki, za’a shirya taru kan karawa- juna-sani saboda tabbatar da sun bunkasa kudin fansarsu a kan basira. Bisaga dokar tsarin babban Bankin Duniyan, ya zama wajibi a biya manoma kafin fara aiki. Bincike daga wannan dokar tsarin sauyin muhallin na nuni da cewa, matsakaicin fadin fili a tsarin bai wuce hecter biyu (2ha) ga kowane gida ba, wanda kowanne mutum zai samu kudin fansa a takaice N18,000 (wanda zai zama kwatan-kwacin dalar Amurka US$50); sannan N36,000 ga duk mutum biyu (wanda zai zama kwatan- kwacin dalar Amurka US$100). Wannan lissafi anyishine bisa tabbacin mayewa darajar kowanne fili, wanda hakan zai samar da yalwar rayuwa a gabadayan lokacin ayyukan ga manoman. A yayin aiwatarda wannan tsari, za’a bada kulawa ta musamman ga masu rauni da mazauna gida kamar tsofaffi, zaurawa, masu nakasa, da sauransu daga cikin wadanda aikin ya shafa. Za’a ajiye fom da fasfo na kowane manomi a hannun ofishin ayyukan TRIMING ta Hukumar DKIS, da hannun wakilan Bankin Kasuwa da zasu bada kudi a hukumar ayyuka ta DKIS. KASAFI DA ABUNNDA ZAI IYA CI Gamsassun bayanai kan duk nau’in kadarar da aiki zai taba, ya bada damar kiyasce kudin fansa dana tallafin dauki, wanda kowanne zai ci. Kudinda kayan aikin noman zai ci, ya samune ta amfani da gwadabe na yarjejiniya wanda manoman suka amince dashi ta naira dubu goma sha takwas (N 18, 000) ga kowace eka. Itadai eka hekta sifiri da digo hudu ce (0.4). a misali, filin zaratarda aikin nada fadin hekta 171.2ha. saboda haka, 171.2/0.4*18,000 = N7,704,000.00. Ga jimillar kayan amfanin gona kuma, mun tara 7,704,000.00 da 83,241,000.00 wanda suka bada N90,945,000.00. kudin fili da gine-gine wadanda aikin magudana ta taba yakama N879,000.00. idan Ankara kudin da ake tsammani na rage radadin bacin rai/kunci da kudin zartarwa (wanda shine N2,000,000.00) akan kudaden da aka ambata a baya, jimillar kudaden don zaratarda aikin RAP din zai kama N93,824,00,000.00. wannan jimilla ana kyautata zaton zai hada harda kudin fansa don wadanda aikin noman ranin ya tabasu ta bangaren tattalin arziki (dama wadandasukayi girbi lokacin ranin), sannan dakuma lokacin damina (dama wadanda sukayi noma lokacin daminar), da kaurace-kauracen muhalli na zahiri biyo bayan gyaran magudanai, kulada al’amuran rage kunci da kuma abubuwan da suka shafi fansa. Bugu da kari, an samarda kaso goma (10%) daga daukacin jimillar fasalin kudin domin abubuwan da ka-iya-zuwa-ya-dawo a wannan sabon fasalin. DAWAINIYAR KUDI DA MAHUKUNTA Hukumar aikin TRIMING itace zata dau nauyin kudin da za’a biya dukkan fansa, matakan rage radadi, da aiwatarda sauran ayyukan tsarin wannan kundi. Teburin Zane Na ES4: Kasafin Kudin Aiwatarda da Aikin S/N Kaya Tsada (NAIRA) jimilla (NAIRA) A DALILIN FANSA A1 Fili/qasa 879,000.00 A2 Kayayyakin noma (fansa domin wadanda aiki yatabawa 90,945,000.00 tattalin arziki a wuraren da aka fara aiki da wadanda (83,241,000.00 + basu da kayan aikin noman ranin faraba) 83,241,000.00) + 7,704,000.00 Jimillarsu 91,824,000.00 B KARIN RAGE RADADI B1 Sarrafa Ҡuncin manoma 1,000,000.00 Jimmilla 1,000,000.00 C ABUNDA DA AIWATARDA AIKIN ZAI CI xxxviii Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme C1 Shaidu daga wajen hukumar bada fansa da bada 500,000.00 kulawa/lura C3 Bayyana dokar tsarin sauyin muhalli ga jama’a 500,000.00 Jimilla 1,000,000.00 D Jimillar bai daya 93,824,000.00 E + kaso goma ta ko-ta-kwana (10%) 9,382,400.00 Babban jimillarsu duka 103,206,400.00 N360 a matsayin dalar Amurka 1$ $286,684.44*** 1 shaida daga waje Kamar yadda aka zanta a baya, fasalin kudin fansar aikin yakama N93,824,000.00 ($260,622.22). wannan ya kunshi rashi irinna kayan amfanin gona da kuma kaura daga gona, ta wucen gadi, a zane na 1. Sukuma wuraren aiki wadanda suke noman rani tunda ta hanyar tiyo da kananun magudanai sun kunshi N7,704,000.00 (US$21,400.00), a teburin zane na biyu (2). Wurarenda basu da kayan noman rani amma suna noman damina zasu kunshi kudi N83,241,000.00 (US$170,984.24), teburi na 3. Tabbatattun asarar filaye da gine-gine biyo bayan gina magudanai yakama kudi N879,000.00 (US$2,441.67) wanda shine a teburi na 4.Saikuma matakan rage radadin ҡunci da zartarwa N2,000,000.00 ($5,555.56). Wannan duka a bisa N360 a matsayin dalar amurka daya ne. Takaitaccen bayanan wannan fasali an samrdashi a teburin zane dake biye na ES. Wurinda babu kayan aikin noma, wanda akewa lakabi da w urin da ba’a bunkasaba, ya kunshi gonakai dake tsakiyan girbi. Ba kamar wuraren da aka bunkasa ba, wadanda aka riga aka gina magudanai da hanyoyi a baya, babu wani harkar noman rani a wuraren saboda babu kayan aikin noman ranin. Ammana yanzu an shigardasu cikin wannan aikin dan su amfana. A yayin gine-gine, manoma bazasu samu dammar shiga gonakansu ba wanda hakan ya janyo biyan fansa. Fadin yankin wurinda babu kayan noman rani shine hekta 1,849.8ha; sanna ta amfanida ma’aunin N18,000 ga kowane eka sannan dakuma cewa eka shine 0.4ha, mun samu jimillar kudin fansa da yakama N83,241,000.00. Jawabi: za’a samu wata zaunanniyar kungiya tazama shaida ta waje ko don lura da aikin lokacin zartarwa. Teburin zane na ES 5: Takaitaccen Bayanan Fasalin Kudin Fansar Guraren Da Aka Fara Aiki Da Inda Ba’a Fara Ba Shekar Inda Fadin Fasalin kudi (N) Dalar Inda Fadi Fasalin kudi Dalar a ba’a fili Amurka aka n fili (N) Amurka fara US$ ffara US$ aikiba aiki 1 1A, 1C, 882.5 N39,712,500.00 $110,312.50 1B 171.2 7,704,000.00 $21,400.00 2A 2 1D, 2B 967.3 N43,528,500.00 $120,912.50 & 2C Jimilla 1849.8 N83,241,000.00 $231,225.00 171.2 7,704,000.00 $21,400.00 MATAKAN RAGE RADADIN ҠUNCI DA KORAFI Hatsaniya da bacin rai sanannu ne a al’amuran taron jama’a; saboda haka za’a i ya samunsu a wannan aikin. Anyi hasashen cewa, za’a iya samun wani/wasu daga cikin mutanenda zasu ci moriyar kudin fansar, da zai nuna ba’a kyauta masa ba, ko ba’a mar yadda yake so ba, a yayin gudanarda ayyukan wannan kundin tsari. Sabida haka, an tanadarda matakan sarrafa kunci/bacin rai/korafi, wanda sukayi daidai da al’adu da tsarin mutanen (manoman), wanda za’a yi amfanidasu a wajen zartarda ayyukan. An dau matakanne don takaita matsaloli da cikas wajen gudanarda ayyuka. Matakan sun samar da dama ta yadda wadanda aikin ya shafa za’a tallafa masu, sukuma yaba abunda aka basu a karkashin wannan kundi, don kauda duk wani ҡorafi, ҡunci ko hatsaniya dazai iya tasowa a yayin gudanarda tsarin ayyukan a cikin gaskiya, amana da karbabben tsarin al’adun mutanen. An hada matakan sarrafa kuncin da rage fitintinun tareda sa hannun shuwagabannin gargajiya, jagororin WUA, hukumar DKIS, da shuwagabanin mata. Hakan ya samar da matakan sulhu da zai kauda ҡorafi, bacin rai, ko fitintinu. KWAMITIN KULA DA KORAFE-KORAFE Wannan kwamitin an cirosu ne daga kwamitin zartarwa da kuma shuwagabannin al’umma. Kwamitin zasu karbi korafe-korafe, su saurara, su magancesu da matakan gyara (ta hanyar sulhu); sannan su tabbatar an aiwatar da duk wani hukunci wanda ya shafi masu cin moriyar kudin fansar. HANYOYIN MAGANCE BACIN RAI An samar da wadannan hanyoyine a sauҡaҡe don kowa ya samu iso garesu. Dukkan wani ҡorafi, za’a tantanceshi, a samrmasa mafitar da ta dace dashi, kafin a zartarda mataki akansa. Matakin farko na kira zuwaga xxxix Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme warware matsala zata farane daga wurin aiki, ta hanyar kowane mai rahoto acikin mutane. Idan wannan mataki ta kakare, jami’in yanki zai shiga lamarin don warware matsalan. Idan anamma ba’a samu mafitaba, to shuwagabannin gargajiya tareda hadinkan kwamiti zasu dauki lamarin. Idan duka wadannan matakai suka cije, to sai jami’in gudanarda aikin ta hukumar TRIMING ya warware lamarin. Ammana alkalan kotu, sune matakin karshe idan matakan farko sun gagara. ABUNDA AKE TSAMMANI IN BACIN RAI YA TASHI Yanada muhimmanci mu san cewa, idan wani daga cikin manoman ya kawo korafi ko bacin ransa, yanaso a saurareshi, sannan kuma a kula da korafinshi bil-hakki; sannan kuma a magancemasa. Saboda haka, masu gudanarda aiki dole su samarda wani yanayi, wanda zai tabbatarwa mai korafi cewa zai iya isarda da korafinsa kuma abi kadunsa, batareda wani kauce-kauceba. KULADA RAHOTANNIN KORAFE-KORAFE Duk mai korafi zai isarda korafinsa ga kwamitin kulada korafe-korafe, a rubuce ko ta wayar salula. Rubutattun korafe-korafe za’a shigardasu cikin kundin korafe-korafe tare da sa hannu da kwanan wata. Haka za’a adana korafe-korafen da sukazo ta wayar salula. Jami’in hulda da jama’a ta hukumar TRIMING a mataki na daya, shi zai tabbarda gaskatar dukkan korafe-korafe, sannan shi zai taimakawa masu korafi wajen rubuta korafinsu ga wadanda bazasu iya rubutu ba, in sun amince. Amma duk da haka masu korafin sune zasu sanya hannu da kansu, ko ayimusu gwajin yatsu (wato thumbprint). SHIGAR DA KORAFI DA LOKACIN DAUKAR MATAKI Daukar mataki zai farane da zarar an shigar da korafi a matakin farko. Akwai takarda da mai korafi zai cike, wanda dole ya kunshi dukkan bayanai akan korafinsa da wanda yake korafin akansa. Lokacin da zai dauka wajen daukar mataki yanada alakane da nau’in korafin. Amma duk da haka, kowane irin korafi za’a dau mataki a kansa a cikin kwanaki goma na aiki. Sannan za’a daura dukkan bayanan korafi da wanda aka kawo korafinsa, lokacin daukar mataki da na warware matsalar gabaya, a kundin yanar gizo ta hukumar aikin. KULA DA NAZARTAR KORAFE-KORAFE Kari kan daura bayanan korafe-korafe a kundin yanar gizo ta hukumar aikin, jami’in hulda da jama’a zai adana bayanan korafe-korafen, matsayinsu, da duk wani lamari mai muhimmanci da ya shafi korafin, wanda ke bukatar kulawa. Zai mika rahotannin korafe-korafen ga jami’in kula da tsarin ayyuka, da kwararren jami’in PMU. Gabakidaya dai, kula da nazartar wannan kundin dokar tsarin sauyin muhalli (RAP) abune mai gudana, sannan hukumar TRIMING zatayi rawar gani wajen mika bayanan nasara da cigaban gudanar ayyuka, tareda shaidawar babban bakin duniya. BAYANI Bayan tantancewa daga Babban Bankin Duniya, za’a bayyana takaitattun bayanan wannan dokar tsarin sauyin muhallin bazata (RAP) a najeriya da shafin bayanan yanar gizo ta Babban Bankin Duniya, a harshen Hausa da Turanci. xl Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme xli Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme CHAPTER ONE GENERAL BACKGROUND 1.0 Introduction A general background to the report, giving a brief description of the project and the components requiring land acquisition and resettlement is provided in this chapter. It also includes a summary of the approach and methodology adopted for preparing the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP). 1.1 Background In order to attain food sufficiency in the country, the Government of Nigeria through the Federal Ministry of Water Resources is implementing the TRANSFORMING IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT IN NIGERIA (TRIMING) project, which is financed by the World Bank. The Project Development Objective (PDO) is to improve access to irrigation and drainage services and to strengthen institutional arrangements for integrated water resources management, and agricultural service delivery in selected large-scale public schemes in Northern Nigeria. The Dadin Kowa Irrigation Project is one of those selected schemes for implementation. 1.2 Project Components As expatiated, the TRIMING project consists of four components, namely: 1: Water Resources Management and Dam Operation Improvement 2: Irrigation Development and Management 3: Enhance Agricultural Productivity and Support Value Chains Development 4: Institutional Development and Project Management. Table 1.1: Detailed Description of Triming Project Components Project Components Main Activities Component 1: Water Resources Management and Dam Operation Improvement Subcomponent 1.1: Support This piloting of anticipated provisions for separation of government to Integrated Water regulatory and operational powers and responsibilities for integrated Resources Management water resources management (IWRM) of river basin-wide water allocation, control, and river channels maintenance needed for sustainable bulk public irrigation scheme functioning. Subcomponent 1.2: Dam Operations Improvement Investments for sustainable operational safety improved operational and Safety practices and increased dam safety of selected dams and reservoirs including: Bakolori, Zobe, Goronyo, Tiga, Challawa Gorge, and Dadin Kowa dams (i.e. 6 dams), and Ruwan Kanya operational reservoir, Hadeija Barrage. Component 2: Irrigation Development and Management Subcomponent 2.1: Rehabilitation of 27,000 ha to improve the performance of a total of 47, Irrigation Infrastructure 000 ha irrigation area in five schemes downstream of the existing Investments storage reservoirs and major investment in irrigation civil works and related studies. Aims to ensure long-term viability of the irrigation and drainage services Subcomponent 2.2: delivered on public irrigation schemes by implementing a progressive Improving Irrigation management transfer to Water Users Associations (WUAs) and to Management autonomous professional operators, either public or private. Component 3: Enhancing Agricultural Productivity and Supply Chains 1 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Subcomponent 3.1: Support Provide resources to enhance farmers’ productivity in the rehabilitated to agricultural productivity schemes and improve their participation in value chains through a and market linkages mating grant mechanism; and the establishment of Farmer’s Management and Services Delivery Centers on each scheme, supported by extension and marketing agribusiness professionals. Subcomponent 3.2: Support to Innovation and Research Technical assistance for farmer water schools, applied research such as & Development. improving irrigation agronomy, and introduction of innovations such as crops or production techniques as part of emerging commercial partnerships. Component 4: Institutional Development and Project Management Subcomponent 4.1: This subcomponent includes five activities: capacity building and training Institutional Development of FMWR staff; support to RBDAs; consensus building and supporting and Governance the change process; generation, feedback and dissemination of data, and strengthening supervision and accountability in the sector. Subcomponent 4.2: Project The activities here will support the establishment of the Project Management and Management Unit and other key coordination institutions within Monitoring & Evaluation Government and will provide guidance on change management processes. The M&E activities will develop an Information System for project purposes, studies and analytical work and records and document management system. 1.3 Description of Components Needing Temporary/Permanent Land Acquisition and Resettlement The construction and rehabilitation of the Dadin Kowa scheme which would require suspension of activities for individuals and organization within the project area. Component 1 and 2 will trigger the need for land acquisition and resettlement. For the Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme (DKIS), the proposed intervention will include but not limited to the following: ➢ Desilting of existing main canal ➢ Rehabilitation of surface cracks on the main canals ➢ 11 number secondary canals of approximate length of 41.3km ➢ Extension of the left bank canal to approximate length of 7.2km ➢ Construction of inlet and outlets from the night storage reservoir ➢ Construction of additional 11 night storage reservoir The proposed activities will directly impact on the farmers as they will be carried out on the designated project area. During the construction period affected farmers might temporarily lose their livelihood and will be eligible for compensation based on the season of irrigation. As the farmers will not have access to their farm land hence the need to ensure the impact is mitigated. The objective of the measures to mitigate the temporary displacement of the PAPs is to improve, or at least restore, their livelihoods and standards of living to pre-displacement levels. No fresh land acquisition will be required for these components. Following the completion of physical works most of the available land will be re-allocated to the farmers. Therefore each farmer will be contributing towards ensuring that all farmers have land to farm with no one permanently losing land or permanently displaced. Therefore no one needs to be resettled outside the area. There are a total of seven blocks. One of them is under the old pilot scheme and physical work will focus on rehabilitation of the old scheme while there will be direct construction of irrigation structures. A total of 3802 PAPs will be affected and the compensation is estimated at N90,945,000.00. The extension of the left bank canal to approximate length of 7.2km has been carefully designed to avoid many structures along the route. Only two PAPs are affected. An old mud structure belonging to an individual will have to be removed permanently. Similarly the canal will be passed through the premises of Vegfru Industries leading permanent land take. The compensation is estimated at N879,000.00 2 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme 1.4 Proposed Project Location Dadin Kowa irrigation scheme command area is located at the borders between Gombe and Borno states, at about 38km East of Gombe town and 536km North East of Abuja. It covers an area immediately below the Dadin Kowa Dam towards the left and right sides of Gongola River. The scheme lies between latitudes 10016’ North and 10020’ North and longitudes 11030’ East and 11033’ East; between altitudes of 215 to 270. (Fig 1.1). The area is bounded by two local government; Yemaltu Deba and Bayo Local Government in Gombe and Borno state respectively. However, Yemaltu Deba is the host to the project, which is characterized with an area of 1,981 km² and a population of 255,248 at the 2006 census, while Bayo LGA has an area of 956 km² and a population of 78,978 at the 2006 census. Figure 1.1: Location Map of DKIS 1.4.1 Gongola River The Gongola River is the principal tributary of the Benue River in the northeastern Nigeria, which in turn is the water host to the Dadin Kowa dam. It rises in several branches (including the Lere and Maijuju rivers) on the eastern slopes of the Jos Plateau and cascades (with several scenic waterfalls) onto the plains of the Gongola Basin, where it follows a northeasterly course. It then flows past Nafada and takes an abrupt turn toward the south. Its lower course veers to the southeast, and, after receiving the Hawal (its chief tributary, which rises on the Biu Plateau), it continues in a southerly direction before joining the Benue, opposite the town of Numan, after a journey of 330 miles (531 km). During the dry season, however, the upper Gongola and many of the river’s tributaries practically disappear, and even the lower course becomes unnavigable. Almost all the Gongola Basin lies in a dry savanna area. The basin has been enlarged by the Gongola’s capture of several rivers that formerly flowed to Lake Chad; the sharp southerly bend east of Nafada is 3 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme the result of the capture of the upper Gongola, and the Gungeru, another tributary from the Biu Plateau, is also a captured stream. The Gongola’s floodplains are covered with a fertile black alluvial soil. Cotton, peanuts (groundnuts), and sorghum are grown for export to other parts of the country, and millet, beans, cassava (manioc), onions, corn (maize), and rice are also cultivated. The government built the Kiri Dam on the river near Numan to provide irrigation for a sugar plantation. The basin is also used as grazing ground for cattle, goats, sheep, horses, and donkeys. 1.4.2 Description of the Proposed Project at Dadin Kowa The proposed project is a rehabilitation project aimed at enhancing agricultural production. The project was conceived to give employment opportunities and improve livelihood of farmers within the irrigation scheme and extension. The project is to utilize the water releases from the reservoir through the feeder canal, diverted via control structures into a Main Canal that supplies the irrigation scheme. The system of irrigation is by gravity (Fig 1.2). Water is conveyed into the irrigation network from the feeder canal into the main canal, distributary canals and finally to the field channels where water is fed directly to farmlands. The TRIMING Project proposed the rehabilitation of Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme (DKIS) which is under the Upper Benue River Basin Management Authority. The scheme is owned and managed by the FMWR through the Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority (UBRBDA). Furthermore, the following excerpts on the envisaged DKIS was understood and considered in the study and design of the scheme obtained from TRIMING: • Lined Main Canal with a total length of 2.7 km and with 10m 3/sec flow, for conveying the water to the command area has also been constructed, along the Dam. At the end of the Main Canal, there is a bifurcation structure that divides the flows of the Main Canal into the Right and Left Bank, which serve the irrigable areas, located at the right and left banks of River Gongola, respectively. • For the Left Bank Canal (LBC); there exists a bbifurcation structure, a conveyance structure crossing River Gongola via a 394m long inverted siphon is constructed to convey irrigation water to the LB side. Apart from this, no section of the LBC has been constructed so far. Thus, the LBC, under this study, is designed for a capacity of 3m 3/sec based on an irrigation duty of 1.2 litters/sec/ha. The canal will follow the contour elevation of 230 meters and will be lined in its entire length of 7.2 km. • For the Right Bank Canal (RBC), the construction of the first 2.22km (1.51 km lined and 0.715km conduit) length of the canal has been completed so far. Due to the insufficiency to pass the design discharge, redesigning of the existing conduit, and the remaining section of the Right Bank Canal (between chainages 1+510 and 3+650), which passes through Dadin Kowa village has been proposed. This shall to be buried and covered to avoid hazards • Land leveling is required to move a lot of earthen materials over several hundred meters. Application of rough grading on selected areas is satisfactory and economical. Detail of the selected area under gravity and pump is presented in appendix-5 of this report enviplans feasibility report. • A surface drainage system was proposed; which will be used to remove the water before it has time to infiltrate and saturate the soil profile, considering that the soils are heavy clay with a low hydraulic conductivity. There are 11 interceptor drains (ID-1, ID-2, …, ID-11), the excess water arising either from irrigation or from excessive rainfall over the irrigated land will be collected by a network of infield drainages from field drains up to secondary drains. • Dykes shall be constructed to fill lower ground elevations up to the top bank level of the interceptor drain there after protects the irrigable land from flood. The dike is constructed 4 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme along the boundary of the area only on one-side of the drain embankment to prevent the spread of floodwater over the adjoining irrigable land. Fig 1.2: DKIS Layout . 1.5 Need for Resettlement Action Plan For World Bank (WB) supported projects, any project that has the potential to cause displacement must be subjected to the requirements of its Operational Policy on Involuntary Resettlement (OP4.12). The Policy of the World Bank is to ensure that persons involuntarily resettled caused by the taking of land in the context of a project supported by the Bank, have an opportunity to restore or improve their level of living to at least the pre-project level or better off. Project affected people should participate in the benefits of the project and they should be given options regarding how they restore or improve their previous level of living. In the TRIMING project, it is not enough for communities to passively accept project works and the impacts of these works. Rather they must be mobilized to contribute actively to project design and implementation and to maintain the works following implementation. This feature underscores the need for accurate analysis of local social organization with a view to ensuring social inclusion in project implementation. This RAP specifies the procedures to follow and the actions to be taken to properly resettle and compensate affected people and communities. The RAP identifies the full range of people affected by the project and justifies their displacement after consideration of alternatives that would minimize or avoid displacement. It also outlines eligibility criteria for affected parties, establishes rates of compensation for lost assets, and describes levels of assistance for relocation and reconstruction of affected households. Consequently, the RAP protects the sponsor against exaggerated claims from anyone who has 5 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme spurious eligibility for resettlement benefits. If not checked, the mediation of spurious claims can contribute significantly to project implementation delays. Therefore, the RAP preparation is in compliance with the World Bank (WB) Operational Policy on Involuntary Resettlement (OP4.12) as the project affected persons and all relevant stakeholders were involved in the process through active consultation. 1.6 Aims and objectives of the RAP The aim of the proposed RAP is to identify and assess the human impact of the proposed rehabilitation works at the TRIMING Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme site and to prepare an Action Plan to be implemented in coordination with the civil works in accordance with World Bank Policy and Nigeria policies and laws. The assignment includes, inter alia: ➢ Preparing a RAP that is consistent in policy and context to the RPF, laws, regulations, and procedures adopted by the Government of Nigeria, co nsistence with and the World Bank’s operational policy on involuntary resettlement (OP4.12) covering displacement, resettlement, and livelihood restoration; ➢ Conducting consultations with identified project affected persons (PAPs), based on a census of the affected sites; ➢ Establishing local decision making bodies who will be part of RAP implementation of valuation and compensation approaches; ➢ Developing in a participatory manner the proposed grievance mechanism to be covered in the RAP; ➢ Setting out schedules and indicative budgets that will take care of anticipated resettlements and ➢ Completing a baseline socio-economic survey of PAPs and host communities The function of a RAP is twofold: to provide transparent mitigation measures for PAPs and to provide management guidance for the implementation of the resettlement process. Therefore, the aim of this RAP was to identify and assess the human impact of the proposed rehabilitation works at the TRIMING DKIS site and to prepare an Action Plan to be implemented as a mitigation measure against loss of land as well as implementing a sustainability development initiative in coordination with the civil works in line with World Bank Policy and Nigeria policies and laws. Specifically, the RAP is designed to: ➢ identify the full range of people affected by the project and justify their displacement after consideration of alternatives that would minimize or avoid displacement and ➢ Prepare an Action Plan to be implemented to properly resettle and compensate affected people and communities in line with World Bank Policy and Nigeria policies and laws. 1.7 Scope and Task of the RAP The following subjects which have been expounded in the TOR in Appendix 1.2, correspond to the scope of work for the preparation of the RAP: Description of the project, Cadastral Survey, Socio- economic studies, Legal Framework, Eligibility and entitlements, Valuation of and compensation for losses, Resettlement Measures, Site selection, site preparation, and relocation, Housing, Environmental protection and management, Community Participation, Grievance procedures, RAP implementation responsibilities, Implementation Schedule, Costs and budget, Monitoring and evaluation, Capacity Building and Training The scope of the resettlement action plan has ensured that the integrated social safeguards guidelines of the World Bank Policy on Involuntary Resettlement, i.e. Involuntary Resettlement Policy (OP 4.12); have been adhered to. To ensure that this has been complied with, the preparation process has: ➢ Identified the project affected persons at the irrigation scheme and an assets inventory has been carried out for all the identified project affected persons. The inventory has included affected land, trees and crops and source of livelihoods 6 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme ➢ Conducted Public consultations with the PAPs and the communities in general, stakeholders and members of the civil society have been consulted through assistance of the local administration ➢ Compared Nigerian legal provisions with the World Bank policies to identify any gaps and necessary recommendations to harmonize the two have been incorporated in the resettlement plan ➢ Entitlement for temporary loses has been prepared with the necessary budget to facilitate the implementation. 1.8 Guiding Principles for the RAP The following guiding principles were adopted in the course of preparing this RAP to ensure it complies with the World Bank’s Policy OP4.12 and the Nigerian legislation: ➢ Resettlement must be avoided or minimized ➢ Genuine consultation must take place ➢ Establishment of a pre-resettlement baseline data ➢ Assistance in relocation must be made available ➢ A fair and equitable set of compensation options must be negotiated ➢ Resettlement must take place as a development opportunity that ensures that PAPs benefit ➢ Vulnerable social groups must be specifically catered for ➢ Resettlement must be seen as an upfront project cost ➢ An independent monitoring and grievance procedure must be in place ➢ World Bank’s Operational Procedure on forced Resettlement must apply 1.9 Approach/Methodology of RAP Preparation The phases for preparing the proposed RAP include: Literature review; Public Consultation, Data Gathering/ Census Identification of potential impacts; e.g. for baseline conditions, institutional arrangement, capacity, etc. are outlined in Table 1.1 and further explained in Appendix 1.3. Table 1.2: Phases for Preparing the RAP S/N Phase Activity RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN PREPARATION 1 Literature and • Obtain the project RPF, ESMF, ESIA and design for the project Policy/Legal from the TRIMING Review • Obtain the Project Implementation Management Manual for the Transforming Irrigation Management in Nigeria Project • Obtain the Project Appraisal Document • Obtain and review maps and proposed design layout covering the project area to better understand the project route. • Develop data gathering Instrument and Checklist in preparation for detailed field survey • Initial Consultation 2 Field • Reconnaissance Survey/visits to sites between November 21st - Investigation 27th, 2018. and Data • Commence definitive field investigation Collection • Socioeconomic Survey of activities on the sites • Census of Affected properties and Businesses • Consultation and focus group discussions; This included interactions with government authorities at national, state and local government level (Yalmatu/Deba and Bayo local governments), traditional leaders in all the communities within the DKIS scheme, Water Users Associations (WUA’s), Herders, with representatives of relevant institutions, e.g. Ministries of Environment, Land and Survey, Jewell Environmental Initiative (NGO), Hinna Development Association, FAIDA Community Based Organisation (CBO) and with PAPs. 7 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme •Land surveys to determine the proportion of land acquired from each PAP • Census of the project sites in relation to number of various features affected, affected structures, displaced persons, infrastructural facilities affected etc. • Valuation • Field data quality check will be carried out on return from the field to ensure consistency and elimination of errors before data entry commences. • Data entry and processing 3 Analysis of • Assess data from the field instrument against the checklist. Social Data • Census and asset inventory assets/ cut-off date. • Calculation of compensation rates/values • Findings and Recommendations from analysis 4 RAP • Identification of impacts preparation • Develop entitlement matrix and eligibility criteria for compensation. • Design mitigation and management plans • Development of RAP Implementation process and Schedule IMPLEMENTING THE RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN 1 Getting Ready • Draw up RAP implementation plan with budget and timeline for • Identification and provision of adequate PMU staff to participate Implementation at the various implementation stages when necessary • Training for key project staff and all staff working in the resettlement implementation agency on key features of the resettlement plan. • Activation of implementation coordination mechanisms • Continue consultations with displaced persons • Update census and socio-economic surveys, if necessary. 2 Payment of • Payment of compensation through the following process: Compensation • Pay compensation to PAPs. • Inform all households’ members about compensation payments. • Offer of resettlement sites for occupation by PAPs. • Offer of jobs, if provision of alternative employment is part of the resettlement package. • Offer of training, seed capital, credit, and other agreed entitlements, if the resettlement package includes assistance for self-employment, • Payment of cash compensation for economic rehabilitation, if a cash option is selected • Prepare and submit RAP implementation report 3 Civic • Civic Infrastructure, Upgrade infrastructure in host communities, Infrastructure Construct new infrastructure, Maintenance arrangements preparation 5 Monitoring and• Finalization of internal and external monitoring arrangements Evaluation • Establishment of systematic tabling of the results of internal and external monitoring implementation, monitoring, supervision, and evaluation, etc 6 Grievance • Activate and ensure adequacy in use of mechanism in the RAP with Redress regard to procedures for handling grievances 8 Documentation • Development of relevant documents for implementation, monitoring grievance redress, etc. 1.10 Effort made to Avoidance/Minimization of Resettlement or Restricted Access; 8 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme To minimize resettlement, displacement, and restricted access, to the extent possible, during project implementation a number of measures have been taken as outlined below: 1.10.1. Criteria for Site Selection [Project Selection and Location] The initial selection criteria to arrive at a shortlist of eligible project locations were: ➢ Availability of land/soil suitable for gravity command; ➢ Size of 2,000 ha/scheme or above to avoid fragmentation; ➢ Reliable water resources without creating major conflict with other users and uses; ➢ Farmer occupier land tenure system preferred; ➢ Existing schemes requiring rehabilitation for best return on prior investments (i.e. sunk costs); and ➢ Schemes not involving significant resettlement with only minor land acquisition in connection with irrigation infrastructure. The ranking criteria to compare the eligible schemes in the shortlist were: ➢ Accessibility to market; ➢ Potential for quick return on investment; ➢ Attractiveness for PPP management of the headwork and main system; ➢ Existence of ongoing initiatives promoting agricultural services; ➢ No major environmental concerns; and ➢ Existence of ongoing irrigation (though small) managed by WUAs. To minimize negative impacts the following have been taken into consideration in this project: ➢ A full opportunity for involvement of all stakeholders, especially the direct stakeholders (project affected persons) provided through public participation and engagement of the stakeholder communities. This afforded the concerned stakeholders the opportunity to contribute to both the design and implementation of the project activities and reduce the likelihood for conflicts ➢ The setback on the corridor was made known to the stakeholders especially those who have encroached, and that in the event of work in such locations all affected properties are to be removed by their owners to give the required right of way for the work. ➢ The members of the community and LGA agreed to cooperate and support the successful execution of the project. ➢ The members of community assured the team that they would continue to support in the implementation of the policy to better their lots and thus promised to play their role at ensuring the successful completion of the project. 1.10.2 Cost, Social and Technical Considerations Earlier study for DKIS, 2014/15, revealed the extent of gravity and pumping command areas; the required number of pump stations and night storage reservoirs; lengths and number of canals. But the proposals of the previous study have been revised depending on the planning of irrigation and drainage infrastructure layout which has been produced. The surface irrigation method /Furrow irrigation/ is proposed as it is less expensive, simple to implement and easy to operate. As a traditional method, it was wholly accepted by farmers after several consultations and would not create conflicts and inequitable water supply. Accordingly, the “quick wins” activity, the gravity commanded area, has been prioritised for implementation. Under the TRIMING intervention project at DKIS, 7 blocks within the quickwin command area has been proposed. The condition survey report, detailed rehabilitation needs for each of these blocks has been identified and documented Table 1.2 contains list of blocks proposed for rehabilitation as well as location of farmers cultivating each block. These blocks constitute areas that have been technically carved/mapped out to support irrigation under the quick win, though there exists a pilot block which is operational, constructed to test run the possibility of gravity irrigation within the scheme. General layouts design already exist for these blocks and the interlinked canals. 9 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Table 1.3: List of Blocks to be Rehabilitated/Developed S/no Block Area Location of Block Coordinates (M) Remarks Name (Ha) Farmers X Y 1. 1A 87.47 Dadin Kowa 10.305362 11.49774 Gombe 2. 1B 171.17 Dadin Kowa, Tunga, 10.294199 11.515734 Pilot Scheme, Hinna Gombe 3. 1C 143.59 Tunga, Hinna 10.287946 1.517845 Gombe 4. 1D 187.61 Jangarigari, Gedaba, 10.28697 11.574006 Gombe Dumbulum 5. 2A 651.48 Kanti, Tashan Hinna, 10.286117 11.505907 Borno Hinna, Garindala, Jauro Garga 6. 2B 643.15 Jauro Shehu, Garin 10.297135 11.549516 Borno Maidawa 7. 2C 136.57 Daki, Maigana, Dakin 10.296746 1.579744 Borno Gassi, Tela Musa. Total 2021 1.11 Proposed Project and Process Description 1.11.1 Civil Works Components of DKIS Figure 1.3 shows the general layout of the major components of the work for Dadin Kowa irrigation scheme have been summarized as described below: ➢ General items which include mobilization, demobilization, provision of engineer’s and contractor's facilities, etc. ➢ Rehabilitation and maintenance of existing canals and structures ➢ Construction of primary canals ➢ Construction of secondary canals ➢ Construction of tertiary canals ➢ Construction of field canals ➢ Land Development and Road Infrastructure ➢ Construction of In - field drainage system ➢ Construction of Flood Control ➢ Construction of Night Storage Reservoir ➢ Supply and installation of Pumps and construction of pump and generator houses etc. 1.11.2 Flood protection works As part of the flood control works, the main natural drainage channels such as the natural channel at Nono, Jajaye, and Bayo will serve as the outlet for the interceptor and infield drainage systems to drain excess runoff during the rainy season and mitigate inundation and water logging in the project command area. 10 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Fig 1.3: DKIS Skeletal Layout 1.11.3 Avoidance of Conflict between Farmers and Herdsmen a. Cattle Track The DKIS environment provides an abundance of features such as water bodies (rivers, canals and drains) and fodder (grass and greens) in the farms that are necessary for the survival of the cattle. This accounts for the high presence of Fulani herdsmen and their cattle around and within the area. No provision was made in the initial design of the project for cattle routes, troughs and crossing to be carved out within the DKIS project area. For ease of movement for livestock from one location to another without disturbance to the agricultural activities of the farmers, it is imperative that consideration be given to it. During sessions with the herdsmen, they drew attention to the fact that there is no grazing reserve provided at the scheme area. It was suggested that each block should have at least one grazing reserve area for cattle to prevent conflicts between the farmers and herdsmen as well as boost cooperation among the groups. 1.11.4 Special consideration for Herdsmen Notwithstanding the conducive environment for cattle survival in the DKIS, some of the farmers also own cattle and livestock which they rear in the project site. To this end cattle tracks and crossing have been provided in the DKIS design based on the present routes traversed by the herdsmen to avoid encroachment on farmlands thereby preventing farmers/herdsmen conflict. These infrastructures will provide free movement for livestock and herds from one location to another in the irrigation scheme. In the sphere of TRIMING intervention at DKIS, the relationship between the herdsmen and farmers have been impressive. Herders usually buy stock fodders from the farmer to feed their cattle Integration of the herdsmen into the WUA membership is essential as they also use water. Their representation and participation will lead to further reduction/avoidance of conflicts. 1.11.5 Road, Bridges and crossing Service Roads The existing service roads in the scheme area are in poor condition. They were domestically constructed from inception by the local farmers. These roads are used for the movements of agricultural produce and other activities such as livestock and access routes, but they also serve the rural areas. These roads are presently in poor conditions as most sections have eroded, surfaces undulating, and 11 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme ponding during wet periods. These roads have been proposed for rehabilitation – grading and reshaping. At specific areas, bridges have been proposed as a result of the proposed canal construction and other infrastructural networks which will render parts of irrigation scheme inaccessible. Foot and motorable bridges have been proposed at technically considerable area not further than 500meters to each. 1.12 This RAP Reporting Format This RAP consists of the following chapters: Chapter One General Background Chapter Two Project Location and Socio-Economic Survey Chapter Three Existing Legal Framework Chapter Four Impact of the Project Chapter Five Valuation and Compensation and other Resettlement Assistance Chapter Six Public Participation and Consultations Chapter Seven RAP Implementation - Institutional Arrangement Chapter Eight Grievance Redress Mechanisms Chapter Nine Monitoring and Evaluation 12 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme CHAPTER TWO PROJECT LOCATION, CENSUS AND SOCIO ECONOMIC SURVEY 2.0 Introduction This Chapter highlights the general description of the affected areas, the result of the socio-economic survey and the census of PAPs conducted. . 2.1 An Overview of the Location and the Proposed Project From the proposed project design, it was deduced that the scheme layout comprises canals to provide and distribute the irrigation water; drains to collect and remove excess irrigation water and surface runoff; roads to facilitate mobilization within the farm area by the farming community, to supply inputs and collect harvests and the implementation and supervision of the structures. Naming and numbering of canals according to their locations and sizes has been made, which is assumed to be helpful for identification during design, construction, operation and maintenance stages of the system. The irrigation interval, which is an important factor in determining the operation of the system, especially the on-farm operation, has been deduced for different crops and different soil types. The minimum interval for shallow rooted crops is computed to be 6 days, hence considering 12hr irrigation time in a day, the area that can be irrigated with the discharge of 100l/s is 48ha. Therefore, a tertiary canal with capacity of 100l/s can serve four field canals by rotation. There are total of seven primary canals, the first two primary canals offtake from the main canal and convey water for 24hrs. To protect the command area from damaging internal and external floods, proper drainage facilities have been arranged. The infield drainage systems collect excess irrigation water and runoff from the command area and dispose them in to the natural gullies used as collector drains. The external flood coming from the catchment area is protected by the interceptor drains. There are eleven interceptor drains which are aligned nearly parallel to the primary canals to divert the external flood to the natural drains. The interceptor drains are made of dykes and/or excavated channels depending on the topography of the respective alignments. The option “quick wins” and its activity, (i.e. the gravity commanded area), is proposed as priority for implementation, on which this RAP premises. These include activities aimed at receiving water and ensuring maximum flow minimizing loss the process. The construction of secondary and tertiary canals, field canals, in - field drainage system, flood Control and Night Storage Reservoir are part of such actions. 2.2 Socio – Economic Survey This findings of the socio economic survey and the census of the PAPs incorporate: • The results of the census, assets inventories, natural resource assessments, and socio- economic surveys. • Current occupants of the affected area as a basis for design of the RAP and to clearly set a cut-off date, the purpose of which is to exclude subsequent inflows of people from eligibility for compensation and resettlement assistance; • Standard characteristics of displaced households, including a description of production systems, labor, and household organization; and baseline information on livelihoods (including, as relevant, production levels and income derived from both formal and informal economic activities) and standards of living (including health status) of the displaced population; • Magnitude of the expected loss, total or partial, of assets, and the extent of displacement, physical or economic; • Information on vulnerable groups or persons; for whom special provisions may have to be made; and 13 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme • Provisions to update information on the displaced people’s livelihoods and standards of living at regular intervals so that the latest information is available at the time of their displacement, and to measure impacts (or changes) in their livelihood and living conditions. • Description of need for updates to census, assets inventories, resource assessments, and socioeconomic surveys, if necessary, as part of RAP monitoring and evaluation. 2.3 Objectives of the Survey and Census of PAPs The survey which is a sample of all the PAPs had several primary objectives which include: • To inform the affected population about the proposed intervention work • To announce the cut off-date for capturing those affected by the proposed project who are along the zone of impact • To obtain feedback from the affected population about the Intervention work • To establish the social profile of the affected population out along the corridor. • To record/update the base line situation of all affected people • To identify the affected households and individuals • To identify vulnerable individuals or groups The census on the other hand is a 100% enumeration of people and land affected. The main objective of the census was to record all assets and impacts within the ROW both in the Pilot and the Undeveloped blocks. 2.4 Census cut-off date The census cut-off date refers to the date of completion of the census and assets inventory of persons affected by the project. People occupying the area after the cut-off date are not eligible for compensation and/or resettlement assistance. Similarly, fixed assets, fruit trees etc., established after the date of completion of the census will not be compensated. At the initial consultations with all the relevant stakeholders held on December 11, 2018, it was announced that census of inventory will be taken. Details of the census process and the cut-off date were declared at that forum. Since the Census will focus on the PAPs and the extent of impact, the exercise commenced as soon as detailed design was made available. It was further stressed that the cut-off date shall be declared to be the last day of the survey and census of all Project affected assets and inventory of PAPs began on December 12, 2018 and ended February 29, 2019 as declared. In addition, at the various fora of meeting with the communities it was emphasized that the cut-off date will mean that no newly arrived persons or families will be eligible for resettlement benefits. In addition, improvements to housing, or other assets made after the date will not be eligible for compensation (repairs, such as fixing a leaky roof, are permissible). The cut-off date was announced and made known through appropriate traditional means of reaching-out during the community awareness campaigns at site/scheme level and through the local government. The cut-off date was declared to be February 29, 2019. 2.5 Land Holding in the Project Area The present occupants/landholders on the project site can be categorized into four groups based on the legal status of their landholding, viz: i) Formal title holders (by Government acquisition or Certificates of Occupancy) ii) Sub-Leases deriving possessory rights from formal title holders (irrigation lessees) iii. Holdings anchored upon native law and custom (customary rights) iv. Squatters (no legal rights; also called tenants at will) The DKIS area is utilized mainly for agricultural activities, animal grazing and housing for the communities. Table 2.2 shows the Various Stakeholders Land Holdings of DKIS Environment structurally depicted in Figure 2.1. 14 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Table 2.1: Main Categories of Interest by Area in the Proposed Gravity Command Area Description of landholder Area (ha) Comment on tenure type College of Horticulture 57.3 COC issued but not in possession Upper Benue RBDA 298.59 COC issued – not in possession Savannah Farms (VegFru) 1166.43 COC in possession Govt. acquisition 11.71 Land for future Government use Individual Farmers 487 Customary tenure Total 2021 Triming Cadastral Survey & Field Survey 2018 Fig 2.1: Land Holding Map for Dadin Kowa 2.6 Land Tenure in Dadin Kowa The land tenure system in the scheme area is multifaceted and with significant variations. Information from local farmers, council members, and other interested stakeholders indicate that land was publicly owned as there were no major agricultural activities in the past. 2.7 Land Ownership in Dadin Kowa Within the existing land ownership system, some of the following land acquisition mechanisms have earlier been recognized by the Pre – Feasibility Study of Dadin Kowa that was conducted in 2014. They identified the following types of land ownerships: • Land acquired through farmer occupier system; • Land acquired through family inheritance system; • Land acquired through the purchase of land; • Land acquired through user allocation system; 15 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme • Land acquired through share cropping system; • Land acquired through re-leasing of leased land (commercial farms); • Land acquired through gift; and • Land acquired through loan arrangements 2.7.1 Leased land under the user allocation scheme The key stakeholders owning piece of land within the gravity command area are; the Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority, School of Horticulture, and the Savannah Integrated Farms Limited. Similar process is adopted by these stakeholders in allocating or leasing land to the rural farmers. Portions of land in most cases not exceeding 1 hectare are leased to farmers which often is renewed at the end of the farming season and even then, the same farmer is usually not allocated the same plot. Title remains in the name of the lessor and the possessory rights of the lessee terminate after the agreed farming season. This category includes the existing Dadin Kowa irrigation pilot scheme, where farmers are documented with their lessors (UBRBDA) but only have only possessory rights (ie. the right to exclusive use of, but not ownership of, the land for a set duration). 2.7.2 Land Use Type in Dadin Kowa Scheme In describing the land use type in the DKIS, it became clear that the main criterion to consider in establishing a typology of the farmers would be their main economic activity. Indeed, the strategies of the farmers and their access to the factors of production depend on this criterion. The people in DKIS are characterized by the fact that Crop farming is their main activity. They reside around the DKIS area and on a large extent, own the area they cultivate. Fishermen are also present as their land tenure and use patterns is similar and because fishing activities do not compete with agricultural activities in term of labor availability. The difference resides in a daily steady source of income from fishing activities, however similar strategies are observed. The absentee farmer refers to a person who does not consider farming activity (neither rearing activities) as his major source of income and/or who does not reside in the surrounding of the irrigation scheme. These categories of persons are very few in DKIP scheme. The pastoralists is defined by any respondent who practices cattle rearing activity and considers it as its main interest. Pastoralists in the DKIS context are Fulani people. 2.8 Settlement and Governance Structure The settlement patterns are mostly linear. Few of the communities have houses from clay/mud materials while majority of the settlements are made from concrete materials. The Hausa’s and Tera’s are the dominant ethnic group. They have a well -established traditional leadership heritage. Among them, the Emir is the apex traditional ruler, but palace chiefs and Emirate council represent the Emir in the daily traditional governance as well as roles of the district heads in the communities. 2.9 Economic activities Though people from other communities have settled in the area, the socioeconomic classification still clearly shows that most of the occupants are largely farmers, herdsmen and fishermen. Consequently, the most frequent socio-economic activity is farming, fishing, cattle rearing and petty trading in agricultural produce. Now several crops and vegetables like maize, millet, rice, sweet potatoes, tomatoes, okra and guinea corn are being planted, harvested and packed by the farmers. Largely, the men are actively involved in the planting, harvesting, fishing with few children seen around herding the cattle. Uniquely, there are women farmers though comparably few of them own parcel of lands within the command area. Plate 2.1. 16 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Plates 2.1: Condition of Infrastructures within the irrigation area 2.10 Features around the Irrigation Scheme Prominent features noticed include residential buildings, barns, wooden foot bridges, hand push borehole as well as the variable road networks. Prominent features noticed include electric poles and residential buildings. Most of the buildings are made of earth materials for the walls and thatched grasses for the roofing with very few along the road being made of concrete and aluminum roofing. One major characteristic of the Dadin Kowa people is the uphold to the market days. Thursdays is the common market days in Dadin Kowa. The Dadin Kowa market host sellers and buyers from neighboring villages, Local Government and State. 2.11 Social Amenities in the DKIS Area The presence of the Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme have attracted social amenities such as; schools, health centres, research centres and portable drinking water have been supplied to most of the surrounding villages. 2.12 Farm Governance Various leadership structures exist within the scheme to ensure effective use and management of resources. The Water Users Association (WUA) is one of the key leadership structures with the scheme. In DKIS, Other than Block 1B, farmers in other blocks are not in the umbrella of the existing WUA management. DKIS, women also have their own executive. Presently, the WUA basically handles maintenance of the On-farm level of irrigation and drainage system, organize tractors to be used by farmers where they pay lesser due to group rentage as well as resolution of conflicts. The WUAs sometimes participate in decision making on the workings of the scheme. 17 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme It is cognizance to note that farmers in DKIS prefers to own fractional size of land at different blocks compared to having one sizable land on a particular block to enable them cultivate different crops at various locations. The Chairman of the WUA group provides leadership and direction for the group. His responsibilities include representing the association at meetings convened by the UBRBDA management and other matters. There is a need to specifically build the capacity of WUA and its officers to understand their roles and responsibilities, and construct offices around the irrigation scheme if they are to make impact. Map 2.1: The Dam and Engineering Design Layout of Dadin Kowa Irrigation Site 2.13 Data Analysis and Interpretation The determination of the socio-economic conditions of the PAPs and how the potential impact of the project on them, was the primary focus of the socio-economic survey. 18 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Hence the thematic socio-economic indicators included in the survey were the following: gender, age distribution; marital status; nature of trade/occupation of vendor/PAPS; income category, etc. The data analysis and interpretation focus on the socio-demographic background information of respondents, identified Project Affected Persons (PAPs) and/or PAPs within the radius of the scheme. 2.14 Analysis of Persons (Respondents) Interviewed A total of 4,500- questionnaires were administered to the project affected persons during the survey. These include identified Project Affected Persons across the scheme. The respondents refer to any person/s considered to live or do businesses within the proposed project sites who may not necessary be affected. Project affected persons are those affected by the project. It is important to note that the impact of project activities on the sources of livelihood of PAPs in the project area varies among them and these have been captured. The response of those met or to whom questionnaires were administered provided an average idea of the prevailing situation in the proposed project area. Therefore, it is believed that the information provided by these categories of persons is accurate about the businesses they represent/operate or property/asset they own or represent. 2.14.1 Age Distribution of PAPs The average age in the survey was 40.5±0.79 within a range of 36 - 45 years. The predominantly affected age group was 26 - 35 years and which comprises 27.4% of the PAPs, followed by 27.2% at 36 – 45years. In this corridor 15.9% was recorded for 46 - 55years and 11.4% were between the age brackets of 18 – 25. Age brackets within 56 - 65 and ages above 65 are all recorded at 11% and 5.6% respectively, while 1.5% was recorded for less than 18years. This depicts that a very young, active and productive group of the labour population being dominant within the project sites. Fig. 2.1: Age of Respondents 2.14.2 Sex and Gender roles of Respondents The survey indicates that 89% of the respondents were male, while the remaining 11% were female, revealing the preponderance of men over women around the irrigation. This also implied the existence of gender disparity in the land tenure and criteria for land allocation in the areas. Traditionally women in the area have no place in the leadership structure of the communities but are involved in farming. Household headed by female usually get support or engage young men in the family or close relatives to cultivate their farmlands. In some Muslim dominated areas, women own the land through inheritance but in DKIS Pilot scheme, only small proportion of women have allocated land. During this RAP survey 19 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme in DKIS, it was found that, there is huge gap between men and women’s participation in the irrigated agriculture, It was established during the survey that women mostly perform active roles in processing of agricultural produce in the areas, especially post-harvest processes. On the other hand, men dominate ownership of land and farmland as well as utilization of farming equipment. Fig. 2.2: Sex of Respondents 2.14.3 Occupation of Project Affected Persons Figure 2.3 shows that majority of the PAPs were into agriculture as farmers (86.4%) which depicts the primary occupation of the respondents, 4.1% were petty traders, 3.3% and 3.7% were gainfully employed in either government or private sector as public and civil servant while the remaining 2.5% were Skilled labour or carry out non-farm labour. The people in DKIS are characterized by the fact that Crop farming is their main activity. They reside around the DKIS scheme and on a large extent, own the area they cultivate. Apart from farming there are fishermen in the area. While they do not compete with the farmers, they also rely on the river and the dam for their livelihood. It was observed that certain persons who have interest in farming but are engaged in other activities contract others to run their farms on their behalf. These are referred to as absentee farmers. Such persons in most cases do not reside in the community. These categories of persons are very few in DKIS scheme. The pastoralists are those practicing cattle rearing activity and consider it as their main interest. They are mostly concerned with the availability of water and vegetation for their cattle. Their access to the project area to feed their cattle will be limited during project construction. Pastoralists in the DKIS are mostly Fulani. 20 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Fig. 2.3: Occupation of Respondents 2.14.4 Marital status of respondents Majority of the respondents were married (80%), while (19%) were single. The remaining 1% were either widow/widowers as shown in Figure 2.4. Majority of Muslim married women observe the Muslim cultural tradition of purdah which restrict their movements and labour activities outside their home. For this reason, married women are not able to carry out active agricultural activities at the field. Nevertheless, muslim married women do have a role in agriculture; in assisting their husbands by carrying out processing of the crops at home. Generally, many of the married women are land owners and while not able to directly cultivate their land themselves, they receive family assistance or pay labourers to cultivate their lands and in doing so are the farm managers. Older married women and widows encounter less restriction and can leave the home to go to their fields. Fig. 2.4: Marital status of Respondents 2.14.5 Religion of respondents Majority of the respondents (87%) are Muslim, 12% are Christians and 1% do not practice any religion. (Fig. 2.5). 21 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Fig. 2.5: Religion of respondents 2.14.6 Household head/Number of children of respondents Most of the respondents are heads of household (82%). Majority (60%) of the farmers within the scheme have more than one wife with an average of 6 – 15 children. This greatly varies in the number of years of marriage. Averagely, farmers with only one wife are recorded to have below six children. 4% of the household heads are recorded not to have any offspring. This was attributed to factors such as couples that are newly married, childless couples, etc. Fig 2.6: Household of Respondents 2.14.7 Average income of respondents It was observed that the price of a bag of locally produced rice had risen from N8,000 to N14,500. The increase was attributed to the Federal Government ban on importation of rice which is to the advantage of local farmers and the processing companies. However, the farmers also claim that the introduction of irrigation in the area had led to increased farming activities. 22 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme The survey on income reveals that average income is relatively low, as 50% of respondents earn N15,000 and less monthly. Those who earn N15,000 but not more than N30,000 make up 12% while those earning above N30,000 and up to N60,000 form 24% of the PAPs. Fig. 2.7: Average Income of Respondents 2.14.8 Base value for respondent property Respondents were also asked to state their preference for the method of valuing their property. While 87% of respondents prefer that their property be valued based on the going rate/current market value, 13% would like to have them valued based on resources on their land, e.g. crops, trees.(Fig. 2.8). Fig.2.8: Base value for respondents Property 2.14.9 Respondents legal or title right to property Different means of ownership of property/asset were recorded. 85% of the properties (farmlands) were leased to the farmers wherein, 20% were still rented out to third party, 7% of the properties were inherited and 5% were outrightly purchased while only 3% were family owned. Majority of the landed properties were leased to respondents. 23 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Fig 2.9: Respondents Title right to property 2.14.10 Type of persons affected Different categories of affected persons were identified and categorized. Majority (71%) of persons affected are household, 5% of affected persons were vulnerable which refers here as the aged, widow/widowers, and physically challenged while the remaining 24% are individual persons as shown in Figure 2.10. There was no squatter or land occupier found around the corridor. Fig. 2.10: Type of persons affected 2.14.11 Identity of Affected Asset 98% of the affected assets are land primarily used for Agricultural purposes, basically farming, livestock rearing. Other affected assets were recorded during the survey towards the proposed Left Bank Canal. Affected structure recorded was 1%, while other assets such as land for proposed building and dwarf fence was recorded as 1%. Fig 3.11. 24 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Fig 2.11: Identity of Affected Assets 2.14.12 Conflict in the Communities In DKIS, conflict between the farmers and the herdsmen are not pronounced, as there appears to be a good level of understanding among the separate groups. However, in the event of conflicts, usually, local leaders and law enforcement agents are involved in the resolution of such conflicts. Less recorded conflicts exist among fellow farmers and between farmers and herdsmen. 2.14.13 Vulnerability Status During the conduct of the survey variouscategories of vulnerable persons were identified which include widows, elderly and the under-aged. Among the categories of the vulnerable recorded, 85% were elderly. While the widows constituted 15% of the vulnerable category. Fig 2.12: Vulnerable Categories 2.14.14 Sale of Farm Produce One major characteristic of the Dadin Kowa people is the uphold to the market days. Thursdays is the common market days in Dadin Kowa. Notable markets bordering Dadin Kowa market is the Biyerel market in Bayo LGA, Borno State and the Kwadon market at Kwadon, Gombe state both at 25 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme approximately 10 kilometers to the right and left respectively. The Dadin Kowa market host sellers and buyers from neighboring villages, Local Governments and States. 2.14.15 Literacy The literacy level in DKIS is relatively fair. The findings show that significant proportion 15% and 38% among the male and female respondents respectively had no formal education though literate in Quranic and Islamic religious texts. Among the male respondents, 43% had tertiary education, 28% had secondary education while only 14% had primary education. However, there appears to be fairness among the female respondents. Among the female respondents, 28% attained tertiary education, while 18% had their education lastly at secondary school level. 16% attained primary education. The interest in education can be attributed to the presence of a tertiary institution, Federal College of Horticulture in Dadin Kowa. Fig 2.13 Fig 2.13: Education attainment among the male and female respondents 2.15 Farm Holding The average farm holding per individual farmer is less than 2 hectares. This indicates that the farmers do not engage in large scale farming but in subsistence. 2.16 Land Acquisition at the Scheme The most common modes of land acquisition at the scheme is via land lease. There are three major land holders in Dadin Kowa (see Fig 2.2), who lease farmlands to farmers annually. Farm records are kept through memory recall and farmers do not make budgets. Within the scheme land, labour and technology are readily available. However, credit facilities, extension visits and farm inputs (in that order) are scarcely available. In DKIS, women are entitled to own/cultivate land parcels through lease, inheritance, gift or purchase. However, these farmlands are not cultivated by the women, the survey revealed that, the women only involve in the process of harvesting and also give their sons and husbands farmlands to cultivate or lease to others. 2.17 Impact of the Scheme on Farmers Activities Other than the Pilot scheme, (block 1B), farmers in other areas have negative impact and high expenditure on water for irrigation farming except at the wetland areas. Water is now more available for irrigated agricultural blocks and fishing. The irrigation water has yielded increase in the produce of 26 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme farmers and the fishermen. However, the dam and the bifurcation zone is used mostly in this area for fishing. About 74% of the respondents claimed that the dam construction impacted on fishing activities. 2.18 Access to Finance/Credit by Farmers Farmers have expressed difficulties in obtaining credit from financial institutions for agricultural activities. Most farmers’ source funds for irrigation activities throug h personal savings i.e. savings. However, majority of them express difficulty to access credit facilities from the Commercial banks. 2.19 Enablement of Farmers by the Scheme Farmers are able to start some off-farm business and own means of income as a result of irrigation farming. Trend in children’s school enrolment, improvements in standard of dwelling places, pilgrimages to holy land among farmers and improved livelihood to their families have increased. 2.20 Income from irrigation agriculture vs. other sources Most of the farmers claimed that income from irrigation agriculture is much greater than income from other sources such as trading, riding of commercial motorcycles, driving taxis, rendering labour services, providing technical services etc. However, this is determined by the amount of resources and time invested on the farm which impacts on the expected yield. 2.21 Transportation Modes The farmers in DKIS use various means to transport their harvest due to nature of the roads which are narrow around the irrigation corridor. Predominantly, animals are utilized as beast of burden in moving their produce from the farm to the nearby road (Plate 3.1). 27 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Plate 2.2: Modes harvest are transported 28 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme CHAPTER THREE EXISTING LEGAL FRAMEWORK 3.0 Introduction This Chapter presents a description of the relevant local laws and customs that apply to resettlement, the gaps between local laws and World Bank Group policies, as well as the project-specific mechanisms to address conflicts and the legal steps necessary to ensure the effective implementation of resettlement activities under the project. It also includes a process for recognizing claims to legal rights to land--including claims that derive from customary law and traditional usage. In addition, it states the entitlement policies for each category of impact and specifies that resettlement implementation will be based on specific provisions of agreed RAP and entitlement matrix. 3.1 Land Tenure Arrangements in the Project Areas With minor exceptions, most of the land in the project site is government- owned land that is leased back to farmers through relevant agencies. There is however the little involvement of the Water Users Association (WUA) in terms of encouraging land management by farmers and production improvement activities. It is envisaged that the Project will not be engaging in activities that involve fundamental changes to existing land tenure arrangements. In the DKIS area most farmlands are allocated to the farmers on renewable basis. However, in some area people are found to have ‘inherited’ their fathers’ farmlands. Some farmers also sublet their farmlands to others for use. However, in assessing land tenure at the project sites, it is important not to interpret the term “owner occupied” too literally. While the term does accurately si gnify that most land remains in private hands as opposed to government control, there are a growing number of cases where parcels are occupied and used by persons other than the “owner.” There is, for example, an increasing incidence of land being leased or loaned to others, or subject to share-cropping arrangements. Thus, the land tenure situation within the schemes is dynamic, and project implementation, including support to the establishment of WUAs, will need to be sensitive to the flexibility of the situation. Key to this is to ensure that detailed design and stakeholder engagement at each of the project sites is accompanied by in-depth analysis of land relations in and around the scheme. Disputes over land in the schemes are reportedly relatively rare, and in the case of Dadin Kowa, this has been confirmed through the ESIA and the overall consultation process. However, experience from elsewhere suggests that conflicts may rise as land values increase with successful scheme development, potentially putting pressure on existing land relationships and on those land owners who may be economically or socially vulnerable. It is therefore important that the RAPs provides as clear a picture as possible of: the legal status of farmers’ rights, the typology o f land tenure arrangements that exist, any discernible trends in land markets and values, landlessness and conflict, and any potential concerns relating to tenure insecurity or conflict over land that may result from or pose a risk for project implementation. 3.2 Agricultural Land Policy The Objectives of agricultural land policy are: i. to have a nationally accepted land tenure system which will ensure that land is not fragmented and that it is easily accessible to people who may want to use it for any profitable venture; ii. to have land allocated to its most suitable uses, such that land suitable for agriculture is used solely for that purpose and bad land are protected against further damage; iii. to use available land in such a way that its quality is conserved so as to enhance its potential for continuous productivity and iv. to sufficiently enlighten the masses on land matter in order that the aims and objectives of land policies are appreciated by the general public. The strategies for the achievement of the above objectives are as follows: o Government will control the process of acquisition of land in such a way that peasant farmers 29 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme are not dispossessed in favour of large scale farmers. Where existing farmlands must be acquired for overriding public interest, the government will pay for the improvements on the land in addition to economic crops and/or agricultural activities. Also, government will provide alternative farmland for the displaced farmers; o State governments will where necessary establish Agricultural land Banks consistent with the spirit of the Land Use Act to cater for all categories of farmers; o As much as possible government will encourage a free flow of information on land potentials as well as promote massive enlightenment on land policies, including management practices; o Government will harmonize compensation for economic crops and structures on acquired land as well as the cost of land clearing and preparation. 3.2.1 Nigeria Land Use Act of 1978 (Now Cap 202 LFN 1990) and Resettlement Procedures The Land Use Act Cap 202, 1990 Laws of the Federation of Nigeria is the key legislation that has direct relevance to the project. Relevant sections of these laws as may relate to this project with respect to land ownership and property rights, resettlement and compensation are summarized in this section. The Land Use Act is the applicable law regarding ownership, transfer, acquisition and all such dealings on Land. The provisions of the Act vest every Parcel of Land in every State of the Federation in the Executive Governor of the State. He holds such parcel of land in trust for the people and government of the State. The Act categorized the land in a state to urban and non-urban or local areas. The administration of the urban land is vested in the Governor, while the latter is vested in the Local Government Councils. At any rate, all land irrespective of the category belongs to the State while individuals only enjoy a right of occupancy as contained in the certificate of occupancy, or where the grants are “deemed”. 3.3 Nigeria Land Use Act and World Bank OP4.12 – A comparison The law relating to land administration in Nigeria is extensive and diverse; entitlements for payment of compensation are essentially based on right of ownership. The Bank's OP4.12 is fundamentally different from this and states that affected persons are entitled to some form of compensation whether or not they have legal title if they occupy the land by or before the cut -off date as indicated. Based on this comparison, entitlement matrix presented in this RAP is designed to assist the process by bridging the gaps between requirements under Nigeria Law and the World Bank OP4.12. In comparison and bridging the gaps between the requirements under Nigeria Law and the World Bank OP4.12 (Table 5.1), it is emphasized that the higher of the two standards/instruments (the more beneficial to the project affected persons) should be followed as it also satisfies the requirements of the lesser standard. 30 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Table 3.1: Land Use Act and World Bank OP 4.12 - A comparison Issue Nigerian Law World Bank OP 4.12 Land Owners: Statutory Cash compensation based on market value Preference for land-for-land compensation of equal productive Rights use or potential, located in the vicinity of the affected land, including the cost of preparation to levels similar to or better than those of the affected land, and transaction costs such as registration and transfer taxes. If not, cash at full replacement value, or assistance with the identification and allocation of suitable replacement cultivation land if available. Any transfer costs the responsibility of the project. Land Owners: Cash compensation for land improvements; Preference for land-for-land compensation, land of equal or Customary Rights compensation in kind with another village/district land equivalent value. If not, cash at full replacement value, including transfer costs Land: Tenants Compensation based on the value of residual rights held Compensation based on value of residual rights held under the under the tenancy agreement. Entitled to compensation tenancy agreement, plus disturbance allowances, are entitled to based upon the amount of rights they hold upon land. some form of compensation whatever the legal recognition of their occupancy. Agricultural land users No compensation for land; compensation for standing Compensation in kind or cash for value of land; compensation at crops according to values established from time to time full replacement value for lost crops and economic trees and by State governments, Not entitled to compensation for perennials, fully verifying or updating state lists of values, entitled land, entitled to compensation for crops. to compensation for crops, may be entitled to replacement land and income must be restored to pre-project levels at least. Owners of structures Cash compensation based on market values, taking In-kind compensation or cash at full replacement value including account of depreciation Cash compensation based on labor, relocation expenses, and transfer costs. Added market value for Owners of "Non-permanent" Buildings disturbance allowances. Entitled to in-kind compensation or cash compensation at full replacement cost including labor and relocation expenses, prior to displacement for Owners of "Non- permanent" Buildings Cash compensation based on market values, taking In-kind compensation or cash at full replacement value including account of depreciation. market value for Owners of labor, relocation expenses, and transfer costs. Added "Permanent" buildings disturbance allowances. Entitled to in-kind compensation or cash compensation at full replacement cost including labor and relocation expenses, prior to displacement for Owners of "Permanent" buildings Loss of livelihoods No consideration other than cash values for assets as Key objective is restoration of capacity to generate incomes at (farmers, business described above by asset category least at levels prior to losses. Programs of assistance to achieve people, employees) this objective. Compensation for periods of lost income. Grievance Redress No specific requirement for establishing an independent The grievance redress mechanism will be set up as early as Mechanism grievance mechanism possible, to receive and address in a timely fashion specific 31 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme concerns about compensation and relocation that are raised by displaced persons and/or members of host communities, including a recourse mechanism designed to resolve disputes in an impartial manner. The grievance redress mechanism, would address concerns promptly and effectively, using an understandable and transparent process that is culturally appropriate and readily accessible to all segments of the affected communities, at no cost and without retribution. Rejection of No categorical statement Where compensation to an affected person in accordance with an Compensation approved resettlement plan has been offered, but the offer has been rejected, the taking of land and related assets may only proceed if the project owner has deposited funds equal to the amount offered as compensation plus 10 percent in a secure form of escrow or other interest-bearing deposit satisfying the Bank’s fiduciary requirements. The project owner must also provide a means satisfactory to the Bank for resolving the dispute concerning the offer of compensation in a timely and equitable manners Adapted from the Resettlement Policy Framework for the TRIMING Project, Feb. 2013 32 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme 3.4 Entitlement Matrix for various categories of PAPs Based on the above comparison between Land Law of the Federal Government of Nigeria and the World Bank OP4.12, an entitlement matrix has been designed in an attempt to bridge the gaps between the requirements under Nigeria Law and the World Bank OP4.12 and to ensure that the higher of the two standards is followed, knowing that the requirements of the lesser standard are also satisfied in the process. The Entitlements Matrix (Table 5.2) provides a summary of the types of impacts, PAPs who shall be eligible for compensation, what their entitlements shall be, and includes comments on implementation issues. 3.5 Eligibility Criteria The PAPs that are eligible for compensation and other project assistance are defined as: 1. Those that are on the setback of 5metres that will be displaced. 2. Those whose income will be impaired. 3. Those who need to carry out construction works due to either relocation or shifting backwards. 4. Those whose properties are bulky and required finance for transportation. The following criteria, which are contained in OP/BP 4.12(Para1), are adopted for this RAP. • Those who have formal legal right to land (including customary and traditional rights recognized by law of the country); documented in the form of certificates of occupancy, tenancy agreements, rent receipts, building and planning permits, among others. Those with unprocessed/unregistered formal legal documents will not be barred from being eligible for compensation. Procedures for confirming authenticity of such documents will be established in the RAP. • Those who do not have formal legal rights to land at the time the census begins but have a claim to such lands or assets - provided that such claims are recognized under the laws of the country or become recognized through a process identified in the resettlement plan. • Those who have no recognizable legal rights or claim to the land or building they are occupying. Alternative means of proof of eligibility will include: • Affidavit signed by landlords and tenants for affected assets. • Witnessing or evidence by recognized trade union heads, traditional authority, customary heads, community elders, family heads, elders and the general community. For appropriate documentation, an enumeration of all categories of losses and PAPs was carried out based on the categorizations in the entitlement matrix provided herewith. To avoid spurious claims and misuse of the compensation policy, the last date of the census (January 29, 2018) served as the cut-off date for eligibility and no new PAPs were eligible for compensation after this date. 3.6 Unit of entitlement To ensure that entitlements target those adversely affected, it is vital to understand the Unit of entitlement as used in this instrument. The “Unit of entitlement” is the individual, the family or household or the c ommunity that is eligible to receive compensation or rehabilitation benefits. The unit of loss determines the unit of entitlement. That is, as a rule, those losing assets are compensated for their losses. For instance: • If an individual loses a small business or access to income generating resources, the individual is entitled to compensation or rehabilitation. • If more than one person owns or customarily uses expropriated resources, then they are entitled to share in the compensation. • Household entitlements are payable to the head of the household. Household headed by women are entitled to the same resettlement benefits as those headed by men. • If wives in polygamous households loses a small business or access to income generating resources such shall be compensated as individuals if they are losing land rather than just part of the household 33 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme 34 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Table 3.2: The Entitlement Matrix for various categories of PAPs Category of Type of Loss ENTITLEMENTS PAP Compensation Compensation Compensation for loss of income Moving other assistance for loss of for loss of land Allowance structures and other assets Land Loss of land Full Land replacement at new site, plus Crops at market None To be Owners replacement land clearing by the project Rates in scarce determined by PMU Cost. Season Land Users/ Temporary Loss of No Loss Assistance for temporary loss of For loss of Not Possible Employment with Tenant access to farm land income from farm Income from farm applicable Civil works contractors, etc. and/or amount to be determined by PMU Encroachers Loss of Land None Where possible Crops at market None Possible Employment with (using Land) Assistance in securing other access Rates in scarce Civil works contractors, to land for Season. For street vendors on right etc. and/or amount to be Crops growing subject to approval of ways possible access to other determined by PMU of local sites/location authorities/communities where they can Legally work. Squatters Loss of shelter Compensation None Payments in lieu None Amount to be (living on at full Of wages while determined by PMU site) replacement Rebuilding 35 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme value for structure, relocation to resettlement site, with payment of site rent. Cattle Loss of Relocation to Where possible No immediate loss of income None Provision of alternative Rearers grazing area new assist the cattle grazing area grazing sites herdsmen to locate new grazing fields 36 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme 3.7 Eligible Parties The eligible parties for the purpose of this project are identified as Project Affected Persons (PAPs). This term refers to a collective unit of entitlement and is used in this document to refer to individuals and businesses and any other group affected by the project. PAPs eligible for compensation shall be those who experience negative impacts on their assets or social/economic livelihoods due to the Project. Generally, measures will be incorporated in Project design to minimize adverse impacts. The census carried out has enabled the identification of those affected and eligible for assistance and the nature of assistance such as: • Those who have formal legal rights to land [compensation] • Those who do not have formal legal rights to land at the time the census begins but have a claim to such land or assets [compensation] • Those who have no recognizable legal right or claim to the land that they are occupying [resettlement assistance] In compliance with the World Bank Policy, the vulnerable groups are given special attention/protection to ensure equitable consideration. These persons include orphans, widows and the aged whose assets are affected. 3.7.1 Rights to Land Persons who have formal legal, customary, or traditional rights to land have a right to compensation, at full replacement value (without depreciation), for the land and other assets that they may lose due to the proposed projects. If PAPs are physically relocated, they also have a right to other forms of assistance including: • Alternative land that has all the advantages of the previous site, in terms of location; productive potential, access to public services, customers, and suppliers, etc. • moving assistance, • support during a transition period while they re-establish their livelihood and standard of living, and • Other assistance such as land or plot preparation, credit to help re-establish their business or livelihood. Such assistance is in addition to the compensation, and may be provided in cash/in kind, or in some combination. 3.7.2 Claims to Land The Project Affected farmers who have recognized claims to land will be entitled to compensation at full replacement value at open market rate. The TRIMING project will discuss and agree with local government authorities and the affected people and communities the types of claims to land to recognize. The RAP makes clear the claims that will be recognized, and how to establish whether someone has right to make such a claim. People who have legitimate claims to land have a right to compensation, at full replacement value (without depreciation), for the land and other assets that they lose due to projects. It should therefore be clear that if people who have rights or claims to land are physically relocated, they are eligible for the other forms of assistance. 3.7.3 Eligible Communities It is pertinent to note that where applicable, eligibility may be claimed collectively as a community or religious group for instance. Communities permanently losing land and/or access to assets and or resources under statutory/customary rights will be eligible for compensation. Example of community compensation includes schools and places of worship. The basis for this is to ensure that the socio- economic status of communities adversely impacted is also restored. 3.8 Non-Eligible PAPs Any farmer who occupies the area after the socio-economic study (census and valuation) have been concluded, will not be eligible for compensation or any form of resettlement assistance, except for moving expense. In the same vein, assets built after the cut-off date is not eligible for compensation. For those who might have been missed during the enumeration, it may be possible that such APs be considered if they are able to demonstrate or prove their eligibility. They will therefore be included during implementation. 37 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Similarly, if works are not initiated and two years or more pass after declaration of the cutoff date, a new census and evaluation of properties shall be carried out. 3.8.1 No Rights or Claims to Land No person who does not have legitimate claim is entitled to compensation if the project causes them to lose the land. However, if such ones are forced to relocate physically because of the subprojects, they will be entitled to other forms of resettlement assistance to help re-establish their previous standard of living and income. This assistance could take the form of cash or in kind (land or other assets, employment, and so forth), depending on the specific situation. People who move into the affected area just for the purpose of getting compensation and assistance, or after the cut-off date has been established, do not have a right to either compensation or assistance. 3.8.2 In-eligible legacy issues At the site, considerable resettlement was conducted in the past due to the building of the respective canals, dykes and other infrastructures. The Resettlement was carried out by the Federal Government of Nigeria during the construction of the Dam and Irrigation scheme in the ‘80s . During the literature review of documents on the project area, no documentation regarding a previous RAP was available for assessment. In the eye of this RAP no compensation shall be made for any legacy issues. This was disclosed to the stakeholders. The previous resettlement process is deemed to have been concluded. During the consultations, no person identified himself/herself as being owed or a legacy PAP. 3.9 Adult offspring and entitlements It is considered expedient to outline the followings as part of this RAP in order to avoid or lessen frictions during implementation of the plan: 1. Adult offspring in the household are not eligible for separate entitlements. As a general principle, Bank policy does not make adult offspring residing within the household individually eligible for the complete household entitlement. For instance, if in the household of eight include two adults still residing with their natal family, giving each of them entitlement to a house and 2 hectares of land would go far beyond compensation for losses. This is not acceptable in this RAP. 2. Adult offspring are entitled to compensation for lost assets they own. Adult offspring (sons and daughters alike) residing within a household are entitled to compensation for loss of any productive assets in their name, assuming the losses are directly attributable to the project. 3. Adult offspring are eligible for rehabilitation assistance for loss of employment income. Adult sons and daughters residing within the household are entitled to rehabilitation assistance for any direct loss of employment income. If household entitlement packages are sufficient to restore household labor arrangements (for example, an agricultural household receives replacement agricultural lands), adult offspring living within the household are not automatically eligible for alternative rehabilitation assistance. A good practice is to extend such eligibility, if direct replacement of household assets is not feasible or sources of household income are expected to change as a result of resettlement. 3.10 Women and children entitlement It is pertinent to note that in the affected areas, women play a very active role in the on-farm and off- farm income generating and other economic development orientated activities, in addition to performing household duties. Consequently, that have been identified as vulnerable. Women shall therefore receive special attention and support to maintain their sources of livelihood and [traditional] production patterns Thus, this RAP ensures that women as a vulnerable group, and especially women-headed households, will obtain benefits equal to men in the project area. Children also provide income in many areas for the sustenance of household. Children’s wage incomes and subsistence production are counted in calculating household entitlements. (However, children, as legal wards, are not entitled to separate compensation.) In line with good practice, 38 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme households dependent on child labor can benefit from alternative income earning opportunities for adults while the children’s access to educational opportunities is improved. 39 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme CHAPTER FOUR POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF THE PROJECT 4.0 Introduction In this Chapter, the following are highlighted: • Components or activities that require resettlement or restriction of access; • Zone of impact of components or activities; • Alternatives considered to avoid or minimize resettlement or restricted access; • Mechanisms established to minimize resettlement, displacement, and restricted access, to the extent possible, during project implementation. • Important features affected in the event of the proposed work. • Categories of impacts and people affected. 4.1 Components Or Activities That Require Resettlement Or Restriction Of Access The TRIMING project has four components which are outlined below with a brief description of the main activities described in Chapter 2 1. Water Resources Management and Dam Operation Improvement 2. Irrigation Development and Management 3. Enhance Agricultural Productivity and Support Value Chains Development 4. Institutional Development and Project Management. 4.2 Number and Type of Affected Persons A total of 3804 PAPs were identified, 498 persons were captured in the Pilot command area, 3304 persons were inventorised in the proposed undeveloped area and 2 persons were recorded along the proposed canal. These have been identified as project affected persons (PAPs). These PAPs will lose their land temporarily or suffer some disturbances. These are made up of different categories as outlined in Table 4.1. 4.3 Delineation of Impact Zone The socio – economic survey was conducted on the affected persons within and along the impact zone based on the zone of impact as indicated in the layout design. Thus, a detailed delineation exercise and inventory of all features/assets in the project area was carried out for any possible resettlement. Other than the proposed left bank canal route, the project as designed is not envisaged to acquire new land. The rehabilitation of the existing infrastructures and construction of the undeveloped areas will not extend beyond the required area for civil works within the 8 metres set back from the proposed routes of the canal. Equipment and materials will be stored at a centralized location which will necessarily not be inside the command area. In order to avoid impacting on the social means of the community, care must be taken in selecting the site camp for equipment. PAPs within the impact zone that will be temporarily disturbed have also been identified and appropriate and adequate compensation shall be delivered to them accordingly to the levels of impacts. It is recommended that the mitigation measures be delivered to those PAPs before start of works. Based on the engineering designs for the specific areas of activities, the potential assets that shall be impacted are further delineated as per households; farm plots using aerial satellite maps at a minimum scale of 1-5000. Each farm land, household, economic trees and crops have been allocated identification number. Fig 3.1 shows the dam and engineering design layout of Dadin Kowa irrigation site. 40 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Table 4.1: Number and Type of Affected Person S/No. Person Definition Areas Pilot without Others Remarks Irrigation Scheme (canal etc) Infrastructure 1. Individual Individuals who 228 29 1 Unmaintained risks losing assets, mud structure investments, land, property and/or access to natural and/or economic resources as a result of the rehabilitation 2. Households one or more 2978 453 persons - men, women, children, dependent relatives and, tenants; vulnerable individuals who may be too old or ill to farm along with the others; insofar as displacement due to the sub- project activities creates challenges for which these people are ill prepared. 3. Vulnerable Persons/groups 99 16 16 widows, 99 Persons/Gr considered Elderly, oups: vulnerable due to their inability to cope with and participate in decision making with regard to resettlement in the course of work such as widows, elderly, underage, etc 4. Corporate Government/Author 0 0 0 Entity/ ity Organizatio Private 0 0 1 Vegfru n Total 3304 498 2 41 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Fig 4.1: The Dam and Design Layout of Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme 42 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme 4.4 Benefit of the Project The positive project impacts for the primary stakeholders are therefore expected to far more outweigh the negative ones. The long - term objective of the project is the economic development of the area and region through improved agricultural practices and crop irrigation. The economic benefits of the Project will have positive impact to the broader communities, and to the zone and region. The key positive impacts will include: ➢ Increased cropping intensity due to provision of dry season irrigation water ➢ Increased crop yields due to improved drainage, inputs and crop husbandry ➢ Increased crop diversity due to an improvement of land capability by irrigation and drainage and improved access to seeds and markets ➢ Increased livestock productivity due to increased availability of crop residue and development of irrigated fodder crops ➢ Increased and stabilised household incomes from agriculturally related goods and services – and associated local employment including for scheme operation and maintenance ➢ Improved institutional capacity of government organizations responsible for water management and agricultural development at local levels ➢ Improved road access with many associated benefits with many associated benefits ➢ Social development particularly due to the establishment and operation of democratic, gender sensitive and transparent water management organizations at different levels ➢ Reduced impacts from flooding ➢ Reduction in incidences of water-borne diseases malaria are likely to reduce following introduction of irrigation systems into the area, they shall help to drain excess water ➢ Increased water supply and reliability. ➢ Improved on-farm productivity. ➢ Improved financial returns from farming. ➢ Longer-term food security. ➢ Better nutrition. In addition, during construction phases there would be both short-term and long-term employment opportunities and benefits as there would be need for labour workforce; and contractual opportunities in the provision of direct support services such as hiring of vehicles, canteen services, etc. 4.5 Negative Impact of the Project While it is obvious that there are positive impacts which justify the need for the development of the project, there are negative impacts also. The project will impact on the social life of people. Some of their ‘normal’ activities will be altered. The ‘normal’ activities include daily social and economic activities, visitations, cooperative work and education. They may have restricted access to farmlands. There are settlements within and around the periphery of the project area, including infrastructural facilities for the operation of the irrigation scheme and for the beneficial use of the settlements that may be stretched. It is anticipated that the rehabilitation exercise of the irrigation scheme might cause restriction of movement and activities in and around the project area. Minor land take might happen in the case of rehabilitating the undeveloped blocks for the provision of irrigation infrastructures in line with irrigation practice. However, upon completion of these infrastructures, the land will be redistributed again among the affected farmers. The redistribution here refers to the reallocation of land back to the original farmer after installing irrigation infrastructures less the portion of space for provision of irrigation infrastructures. PAPs will have a quantum of their land temporarily used, for the purpose of irrigation rehabilitations in the area. Also, along the route of the canals, few structures will be impacted. Efforts will be made to minimise the number of such structures. This was jointly agreed with the PAPs during the field survey. 4.6 Assessment of the severity of impact Assessment of the severity of impact was based on each PAP’s total income. Both the amount of land held and the proportion of income that agriculture contributes to family earnings were considered as factors. To more accurately assess the actual impact of land acquisition, the asset inventory covered the 43 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme total lands held by a family and in addition to the specific amount of land to be acquired for the project. This was done in order to appreciate the amount of land take for the project from each PAP in relation to his total available land to be lost and retained. Where non-agricultural income was identified to be available to the PAPs these were also inventorised. The impact of land acquisition is likely to be less severe for PAPs who derive only a small proportion of their income from land- based activities. The following Maps (4.1 and 4.2) show the extent of impacts due to the project in BLOCK 1B and 1C respectively. Others farm parcel and inventory maps are contained in appendix 4.2. 44 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Map 4.1: Farm Parcel and PAPs inventory mapping in Block 1B 45 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Map 4.2: Farm Parcel and PAPs inventory mapping in Block 1C. 46 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme 4.7 Potentially Affected Assets In the project design, construction work is proposed to be carried out in a total of 7 blocks in the quick win area impacting assets (Farmlands) consequently. Farmers shall be temporarily displaced during civil works, hence inability of farmers to cultivate during construction which is expected to impact one season cultivation. Inventory of all the assets has be taken and the PAPs identified. It is to be noted that the 8 metres setback of all the constructed canals and roads. Table 4.2. Table 4.2: Type of Assets Affected S/No Asset Type Loss Type NO of Remarks 0f persons 1 Physical Assets Residential 1 Permanently affected PAP with Mud Building as a result of the proposed left bank canal Agricultural 3802 Temporary affected PAPs within the undeveloped and pilot command area Commercial 0 Vacant Land holding 0 Industrial use 1 Part of Vegfru where proposed canal shall transverse. Ancillary Buildings 0 Fence walls 0 Pond 0 Others- pavements, concrete kerbs, concrete wells or reservoirs, etc Total 3804 4.8 Categories of Losses/Impact In the Pilot command area, the potential losses due to the project include an inventory of PAPs to be disturbed. This is not so in the undeveloped blocks as all farmers will be impacted during the course of work and have been carefully documented. The farmers in the undeveloped blocks shall be impacted for one season due to the current practice of rain-fed, and compensation for rain season civil work. On the other hand, the farmers in the Pilot block shall be compensated for dry season due to inability to irrigate as a result of rehabilitation work on the infrastructures. 4.9 Inventory of Impacted Assets The affected assets include farmlands essentially, then few structures and fence. These have been identified as shown in this subsection. 4.9.1 Impact on Land In the whole command area, a total of 2,021ha of land shall be rehabilitated in the course of the civil work and 8m width shall be acquired as setback for the proposed canals with existing road proposed to be rehabilitated for the project to achieve the objectives of installation of the various amenities for the irrigation scheme as outlined in Table 4.3 below. Table 4.3 outlines the number of PAPs per location and the proposed mitigation measures. A Register of the PAPs prepared with their entitlements shall not be displayed to the public for security reasons but kept in the offices of UBRBDA and the TRIMING office. 47 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Appendix 4.1 shows list of PAPs and assets affected while Appendix 4.1 shows the register of PAPs and their photo ID. Table 4.3: Impact on land (ha) by block and PAPs S/No. Area without Irrigation Total PAPs Area/Length (ha) Infrastructure 1. 1A 212 87.47 2. 1C 284 143.59 3. 1D 316 187.61 4. 2A 1220 651.48 5. 2B 1008 643.15 6. 2C 264 136.57 SubTotal 3304 1849.83ha B Pilot Area 1. 1B 498 171.17 SubTotal 498 171.17 C Canal 1. Left bank 2 7.02km SubTotal 2 Grand Total 3804 2021ha + 7.02km 4.9.2 Impact on Structures The engineering design was aimed at minimal permanent displacement of PAPs in the course of implementation of the project. However, 1 structure shall be impacted by the project. The affected structure, is an abandoned mud house while the other is a pathway through VEGFRU facility. 4.9.3 Impact on Agricultural Resources (Crops) Table 4.4 presents an outline of the categories of losses in relation to the number of PAPs impacted per the assets. Their assets are agricultural resources which include Rice, beans, groundnut, potatoes, guinea corn, Vegetable, Maize, Mango, Sweat Yam, Okro, water melon and soya-beans. Table 4.4: PAPs and Agricultural Resource Impacted (Ha) S/No Category of Loss Type of NO. OF PAPs Total Asset Remarks Loss/Use Affected Loss of Income and No of PAPs A Livelihood Land Resources. Crops/Tree type Millet 77 774 Crop Annual Maize 20 1323 Crop Annual Rice (paddy) 3119 9,856 Crop Annual Beans 38 1657 Crop Annual Tomatoes/Pepp 3145 Crop Annual 406 er Water melon 7 16 Fruit Annual Guinea corn 113 127 Crop Annual Okra 3 1056 Crop Perennial Wheat 14 586 Crop Perennial Kuka 10 2 Potatoes 10 7651 Crop Perennial Structures 2 - Cultural 0 4.9.4 Impact on Utilities 48 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Construction of the canals and laying of pipes will have impact on road users. Alternative routes have been identified for ease of movement. The section where pipes will be laid along the major road shall be added to the contractors’ bill of quantity. 4.9.5 Impact on Social Networks The restriction/physical disturbance of PAPs will result in the disruption of some social networks. It should be noted however, that work in the scheme will be by blocks which may give limited opportunity to some farmers to make use of other parts of their land not affected. They will generally retain the position of their farms even after the rehabilitation work. However, the temporary displacement will affect their social connections. 4.9.6 Impact on Cultural Heritage and Worship Place There were no cultural sites, grave, place of worship or other cultural assets identified as affected within the intervention area during the exercise. 4.9.7 Impact on Vulnerable Groups The vulnerable groups include those less able to care for themselves such as the underage, widow (ers) the elderly, and those with physical or mental disabilities. Specific efforts were made to ensure that their issue received priority attention. For the vulnerable groups, assistance in form of delivery of compensation to their residence should be encouraged if they are not able to present themselves for compensation. These vulnerable groups which will need special assistance as identified in this RAP are outlined in Table 4.5). Table 4.5: Vulnerable Group S/ Vulnerable Definition No Identified Total Remark N PAPs s o No 1 The elderly Physically weak and cannot relocate to 99 99 65 and new shelters nor restore their livelihoods above without support from others. It is more difficult for the female elderly. 2 Underage People below the decision - making level 0 0 3 Single Faced with multiple tasks of being 0 0 mothers & breadwinners; mothers; providers of female shelter; and providers of security for heads of those under their responsibility. Shelter household relocation and livelihood improvement will be huge tasks for single mothers. The same is true for female heads of households, probably more so because some of them will also have to deal with irresponsible husbands. 4 Widows; Have lost their breadwinners and are 17 17 suddenly faced with the reality that they have to provide for themselves, their children and other dependents. Resettlement will be an additional responsibility, which will need outside support. The need becomes bigger where the widow is elderly. 5 PWDs People Living with Disability 0 0 Total 116 116 4.10 Response on willingness to volunteer space The outcome of the survey carried out shows that most of the PAPs (91%) gave their consent and are willing to temporarily vacate their farmland for the rehabilitation work in support of the project. Those at 49 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme the route of the proposed canal also agreed to permanently vacate the ROW for the civil work for the project to be executed for common good (Fig. 4.3). Those that expressed unwillingness to vacate the site (9% of the respondents) needed assurances that adequate consideration will be given to PAPs in the mitigation measures developed for the project in the event of displacement. Fig. 4.3: Response on willingness to volunteer space 4.11 Choice of Assistance The PAPs expressed their preferred measures aimed at restoring their living conditions as depicted in Figure 4.4. Those in support of provision of agricultural plot were 19%, respondents who prefer provision of new plot for other economic purposes were 5%, while those who chose training for self-employment were 3%, and the majority 73% desire cash grant. Fig. 4.4: Choice of assistance 4.12 Potential Relocation Areas No relocation is expected as the impact on the assets is considered minimal. There will be temporary loss of use/restricted access to the use in the area where the actual work will take place. The PAPs shall make use of their lands in other location as it was revealed that the majority of the farmers have farmlands in than one location pending the completion of work. As part of ongoing consultation and information dissemination, they have been made to understand the situation. 50 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme CHAPTER FIVE VALUATION AND DESCRIPTION OF COMPENSATION 5.0 Introduction This chapter presents the methodology used for valuing losses, or damages, for the purpose of determining their replacement costs. It also describes the proposed types and levels of compensation consistent with international, national and local laws and measures, as necessary, to ensure that these are based on acceptable values (e.g. market rates). 5.1 Valuation methodology Outlined below is the valuation methodology used in the course of the exercise: 5.1.1 Replacement cost and damage & loss assessment methodology “Replacement cost’ refers to the method of valuation of assets that helps determine the amount sufficient to replace lost assets and cover transaction costs. In applying this method of valuation, depreciation of structures and assets should not be considered. For losses that cannot easily be valued or compensated for in monetary terms (e.g., access to public services, customers, and suppliers; or to fishing, grazing, or forest areas), attempts are made to establish access to equivalent and culturally acceptable resources and earning opportunities. Where domestic law does not meet the standard of compensation at full replacement cost, compensation under domestic law is supplemented by additional measures necessary to meet the replacement cost standard” In the process of assessing damage and losses of economic assets identified, the Damage and Loss Assessment (DaLA) Methodology was employed. DaLA is a flexible, comprehensive damage and loss assessment methodological tool presently used by the World Bank for the estimation of overall impacts such as that caused by disaster. The tool which captures the closest approximation of damage and losses is in line with World Bank OP 4.12 provisions on involuntary resettlement. DaLA as a tool was initially developed by the UN Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (UN-ECLAC) in 1972, has been modified and strengthened over more than three decades of application in post-disaster contexts around the world. The improvement has been through close cooperation of World Bank, WHO, PAHO, Inter-American Development Bank, UNESCO, ILO. The DaLA Methodology bases its assessments on the overall economy of the affected country/project area. It uses the national/project location accounts and statistics as baseline data to assess damage and loss. It also factors on the impact of disasters/projects on individual livelihoods and incomes to fully define the needs for recovery and reconstruction. The tool analyses three main aspects: • Damage (direct impact) - impact on assets, stock, and property, valued at agreed replacement (not reconstruction) unit prices. The assessment considers the level of damage (whether an asset can be rehabilitated/repaired, or has been completely destroyed). • Losses (indirect impact) - flows that will be affected, such as reduced incomes, increased expenditures, etc. over the time period until the assets are recovered. These are quantified at present value. The definition of the time period is critical. If the recovery takes longer than expected, losses might increase significantly. • Economic effects (sometimes called secondary impacts) - fiscal impacts, implications for GDP growth, etc. This analysis can also be applied at sub-national/local levels. To determine the compensation for economic trees, the DaLA methodology was employed because of its robustness and advantage over the traditional method of assessing the cost of an economic tree. DaLA method states that market value of yield per tree for the current season (agricultural season) and cost of 51 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme re-planting and nursery should be used to determine the compensation rate for the economic tree while the traditional method equates the capital of the existing structure/tree to the cost of reinstating the structure/tree on the same type of plot at the current labour, material and other incident costs. Likewise, the Current market value of asset within the DKIS project area was used to determine the compensation rate for crops and land. This was determined via market survey carried out of land per square meter and the market prices of the affected crops in the project areas. 5.1.2 Valuation of Land The World Bank OP 4.12 requires that displaced owners of land be provided with an area of land equivalent to their displaced land. It states that land restoration should be in a location that has similar value as the one displaced to the project. However, land resettlement will not occur since land take is small and will not warrant a physical displacement of persons. It should be noted that the issue of land take by the project has been addressed and agreed upon by the stakeholders during the public consultation, that compensation be given to PAPs for their land resources. The value of the land is arrived at using the current cost of land in the area taking note of the guidelines of the State Government. 5.2 Valuation – Cost of agricultural/Crop production Basically, different crops are cultivated in the DKIS scheme. Their valuation is determined based on the rate and farming practice/procedure commonly utilized for the various farms by farmers in their cultivation as well as anticipated gains in the project area for each crop and tree observed in the irrigation. Table 5.1 is an outcome of survey carried out in the area in the course of this RAP. It shows volume of input and associated costs. 52 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Table 5.1: Market survey of an ha. for a planting season in Naira (#) S/N Items Guinea Millet Beans Rice Water Groundnut Potatoes Tomatoes Corn Melon 1. Cost Per Bag 6,400 8,000 21,000 11,000 Grade1- Canal 3000 1500 (naira) 30,000 2500 Grade- 2-15000 2. Number Of 14 Bags 16 Bags 12 Bags 70 Bags 11 Bags 65 Bags 260 Bags Per ha 3. No. Of Times 2 Times 2 Times 1 Time 2 Times 3 Times 1 Time 2 Times 3 Times For Fertilizer Application 4. Weeding By Once Once Once Once Once Once Once Once Chemical 5. Cost of 9,800 9,800 9,800 9,800 9,800 9,800 9,800 9,800 Chemicals 6. Size of 7Litre 7Litre 7Litre 7Litre 7Litre 7Litre 7Litre 7Litre chemical 7. Cost of 2,100 2,100 2,100 2,100 2,100 2,100 2,100 2,100 labour for weeding by chemical 8. Manual Once Once Once Once Once Once Once Once Weeding Number of times 9. Cost of 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 Labour for Manual Weeding 10. Cost of 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 Labour for farm water irrigation 11. Number of 8 8 10 15 9 9 10 10 times for farm water irrigation 12. Land 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 preparation cost 13. Cost of 2,000 2,000 5,000 5,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 Labour for Dyking 14. Duration 4 3 3 120 3 4 Months 4 Months 4 Months through Months Months Months Days Months Cultivation 15. Cost of 5,000 5,000 Labour for Transplanting 16. Weeding 2 2 3 3 3 2 TIMES 2 TIMES 2 TIMES Number Of TIMES TIMES TIMES TIMES TIMES Times 17. Cost Per 25000 25000 25000 95000 15000 25000 N 25000 N 25000 53 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme S/N Items Guinea Millet Beans Rice Water Groundnut Potatoes Tomatoes Corn Melon labour for an ha 18. Nursery 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 preparation 19. Seasonal - - - 5000 - - - - Water Rate charge 20. Number of 2module 2module 3module 5module 2module 2module Stalks Stalks seedlings for planting 21. Cost per 200 200 600 300 150 400 20 20 Module 22. Harvest Cost 6,000 6,000 10,000 10,000 3,000 5,000 2,000 2,000 23. Cost of 100 100 300 200 - - - - threshing per Bag 24. Cost of 100 100 150 100 100 100 100 100 empty bag for bagging 25. Cost of 200 200 250 200 200 200 200 200 transport per bag $1=N360(As at 1/11/19) 5.3 Compensation rate - Guidelines for temporary acquisition of assets The irrigation project requires temporary use of private lands or structures for access, material storage, borrow pits, work sites, or other purposes. Overall, since temporary loss of lands or structures can adversely affect incomes or standards of living, a compensation guideline which provide the basis for any involuntary temporary acquisition at the project area have been developed (Table 5.2). Nevertheless, it is suggested that contractors could obtain voluntarily temporary access through renting or leasing or exercise legal or regulatory authority over the parcel owned by the government. Table 5.2: Compensation rate - Guidelines for temporary acquisition of assets Asset Loss Guideline Basis/Remarks Land • Compensation equivalent to the net average Temporary acquisition of income that would have been obtained from the agricultural land for all the Blocks land during the period of temporary acquisition; have been scheduled for one and planting season. • Restoration of the land to its original productive use or full compensation for the cost of restoration. • Explicitly delineate in contractors’ agreements the responsibility for restoring the land to its former productive use. Structures • Compensation based on the remaining extent of Calculation for structures has been access or use. made as few abandoned • If temporary land acquisition produces only minor structures will be affected. inconveniences (for example, periodic destruction of access), compensation to restore the structure to its original condition and an inconvenience 54 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme allowance can be paid. • If structures themselves are temporarily acquired, or if use of the structure is precluded, alternative comparable accommodations, a rental allowance for equivalent temporary housing, or payment for constructing temporary of a reasonable standard can be provided. Compensation should be paid for any moving or restoration expenses. Businesses Temporary loss of access to facilities, suppliers, Businesses in form of temporary or customers can diminish business income displacement have been captured significantly. PAPs receive: in the report as detailed out in the • Compensation equivalent to the estimated PAPs list and entitlements. net loss to the owner of business. Because estimating may be avoidable when planners are determining losses (or income), compensation amount are usually negotiated with business owners. If an affected business cannot continue in its current location, provide new premises or a rental allowance for new premises (including the cost of relocating business personnel and equipment to and from their new premises). Wages Allowances, equivalent to regular wages, the entitlement for all blocks were to workers temporarily losing employment. calculated for one season 5.4 Resettlement measures - Options This RAP has been designed to fit the specific project circumstances, as well as the preferences of the PAPs. Consultation with the PAPs shows that they prefer replacement land. Thus, all PAPs who lose productive land have the option of obtaining comparable replacement land through alternative land. The category of loss and the resettlement measures is shown in table 5.3. However, as OP 4.12 notes, “if the residual of the asset being taken is not economically viable, compensation and other resettlement assistance are provided as if the entire asset had been taken” However, this RAP does not bind the PAPs to agricultural livelihoods. Hence feasible options include those to obtain replacement land or start non-land-based income-generating activities. Where some may prefer to shift wage employment or to start a small business as markets expand or better still prefer to diversify sources of income, provisions have been made for this. The farmers with adequate farm will shift backwards after the offset to enable them to cultivate on the remaining farmland. Table 5.3: Category of loss and resettlement measures S Bloc Location Asset Affected Type of Loss Season No of Entitle / k PAP ment N s Temporary Permanent 1 2 1. 1A Without Irrigation Infrastructure Farmland X X 212 Cash but practice wet season farming 2. 1B Pilot (practicing dry season Farmland X X 498 Cash farming) 3. 1C Without Irrigation Infrastructure Farmland X X 284 Cash but practice wet season farming 4. 1D Without Irrigation Infrastructure Farmland X X 316 Cash but practice wet season farming 5. 2A Without Irrigation Infrastructure Farmland X X 1220 Cash but practice wet season farming 55 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme S Bloc Location Asset Affected Type of Loss Season No of Entitle / k PAP ment N s Temporary Permanent 1 2 6. 2B Without Irrigation Infrastructure Farmland X X 1008 Cash but practice wet season farming 7. 2C Without Irrigation Infrastructure Farmland X X 264 Cash but practice wet season farming 8 Cana Left bank Canal Route Structures and X N/A 2 Cash l Vacant land Compensation will be paid for replacement value for asset on Land equivalent to loss. The Compensation package will also include cost of moving, such as transport costs as well as any associated land titling / improvement or transfer cost where applicable. 5.5 Specific consideration on resettlement measures in the Pilot area The bulk of the civil works within this area is the rehabilitation of the canals and ensuring that the drains, access roads and troughs with bridges are installed or repaired. The setback from the farmlands has been designed to form the access roads and is also serve as the foot or cattle tracks. All the PAPs with their affected assets have been identified. During the field survey and consultations, the communities and PAPs were helped to appreciate that the 5-metre setback from each canal does not belong to any of the PAPs and any other person other than the government. Thus, for common good no one PAP would be compensated for any asset lost within the 5-metre setback. However, this RAP highly recommends that all PAPs must be given opportunity to harvest all their present crops without planting new ones before civil works commences. If work exceeds the stipulated workplan of the contractor, compensation must be paid for all assets affected especially when civil works elapse to wet season. However, if civil work extends to the dry season, they will be compensated for two seasons. 5.6 Specific consideration on resettlement measures in area without irrigation facilities A description of the packages of compensation and other resettlement measures that will assist each category of eligible affected persons to achieve the objectives of the plan have been designed. In addition to being technically and economically feasible, the resettlement packages are seen to be compatible with the cultural preferences of the affected persons and prepared in consultation with the PAPs. The RAP Implementation Committee shall make the offer to the PAPs during the implementation, the identification of the PAPs are indicated in Appendix 4.1. In the Pilot and the undeveloped blocks, the areas vary significantly, it is envisaged that all the blocks within this zone will be compensated for one season. Those at the undeveloped blocks shall only be compensated for one season provided the civil work commences during the dry season as described in the timeline of this RAP. However, if civil work extends to the raining season, they will be compensated for two seasons. Table 5.4: Categories of loss for each blocks/compensation acquisition guideline for PAPs Areas without Irrigation Infrastructure S/no Block Area (Ha) Community Name Season Loss 1. 1A 87.47 Dadin Kowa One 2. 1C 143.59 Tunga, Hinna One 3. 1D 187.61 Jangarigari, Gedaba, One Dumbulum 4. 2A 651.48 Kanti, Tashan Hinna, Hinna, One Garindala, Jauro Garga 56 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme 5. 2B 643.15 Jauro Shehu, Garin Maidawa One 6. 2C 136.57 Daki, Maigana, Dakin Gassi, One Tela Musa. Pilot Block 7. 1B 171.17 Dadin Kowa, Tunga, Hinna One Canal 1. Left bank Canal 7.2Km Hinna N/A Of special consideration for this RAP is: 1. where this agricultural project have brought un-irrigated land under irrigation, the PAPs who are losing land have the option of obtaining irrigated land as a direct land replacement. 2. The PAPs downstream should be entitled to more land space as their farms are expected less well drained 5.7 Modes of Restitution In this RAP emphasis is placed on “prompt and effective compensation at full replacement cost for losses of assets attributable directly to the project” in line with the World Ba nk OP 4.12. For households with land- based livelihoods that lose a significant portion of their holding, Bank policy gives preference to land-based strategies. “These strategies may include resettlement on public land, or on private land acquired or purchased for resettlement. Whenever replacement land is offered, PAPs are provided with land for which a combination of productive potential, locational advantages, and other factors is at least equivalent to the advantages of the land taken” Further to the Policy, payment of cash compensation may be appropriate “where (a) livelihoods are land – based but the land taken for the project is small fraction of the affected asset and the residual is economically viable; (b) active markets for land, housing, and labor exist, displaced persons use such markets, and there is sufficient supply of land and housing; or (c) livelihood are not land- based. Cash compensation level should be sufficient to replace the lost land and other assets at full replacement cost in local markets. Therefore, for this RAP, where impact on land use is such that sustainability of livelihoods may be affected, preference has to be given to land for land compensation rather than cash payouts. This applies to people who are not necessarily physically displaced but who are affected by a land loss that affects their sustainability. All PAPs have been carefully documented with their phone numbers and communities. The notification for payment will include how compensation will be made and when. The peculiar local security situations shall be taken into consideration by the PMU in reaching out to the PAPs on compensation, especially where cash payment is involved. 5.8 Compensation payment and procedures for delivery of compensation The following guidelines should be followed for payment of compensation for lost assets ➢ Compensation shall be paid prior to acquisition or displacement; ➢ Compensation will be at full replacement cost ➢ Compensation of all the PAPs shall be done adequately for asset and income lost accordingly. ➢ Payment of compensation will be made by the Resettlement Implementation Committee (RIC) to be inaugurated by the PMU. This committee will include members of the PMU and selected traditional leader / community leaders from the affected location with representatives from DKIS/the Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority and WUA. ➢ Compensation benefits shall be settled before the construction phase of the project works. Therefore, before works start the resettlement committee will review the work plan from the 57 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme contractor to determine farmers that will be impacted by the upcoming works. The farmers that will be impacted during upcoming season will be compensated before works start. This means that farmers that will be impacted by the works of November – May should be compensated in August/September. ➢ The RAP implementation committee will verify the appropriateness of each PAP as stated in the register. Payments will be made at agreed locations and adequate information will be made available to all affected persons before payment. Such information will include how the payment will be made, dates, venue etc. ➢ The procedure for delivery of compensation shall include: ❖ Full payment of compensation carried out before possession of acquired sites; ❖ Formally make offers to affected persons and allow them to accept or reject offer, offer a counter claim and seek redress under the established grievance procedures; ❖ Resettlement Implementation committee communicates the compensation package to the PAPs; ❖ PMU shall make arrangements with a commercial bank to effect payments at project site without any challenge to the PAPs; ❖ Necessary document of payments (PAP form) to the affected persons should be presented to PAPs in the presence of other independent witness of the affected person and leaders of the communities; ❖ Each PAPs form and photograph shall be taken at the point of payment, the Finance Department of the PMU the Dadin Kowa project office and the commercial bank shall have copies each for record keeping; ❖ Comprehensive reports on payment made submitted for review by PMU. Resettlement Implementation Committee Verification of PAPs Communication of compensation package to PAPs Full payment of compensation to PAPs Possession of acquired sites Fig 5.1: Process for payment of compensation 5.9 Income restoration strategy - Alternatives The key objective of the resettlement plan is to ensure that the economic and social future of the affected persons/households/communities is at least as favourable as it was prior to the project. Therefore. the affected people shall receive assistance in rehabilitation (Box 5.1). A participatory approach has been utilized in the development of the income generation program in order to ensure that the ideas, wishes and needs of the stakeholders are included. Box 5.1: Options for Livelihood Maintenance To restore people’s income earning opportunities after land a cquisition and resettlement, OP 4.12 specifies that “displaced persons are…… provided with development assistance in addition to compensation measures…, such as land preparation, credit facilities, training, or job opportunities” 58 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme OP 4.12 maintains the preference for land- based solutions, where appropriate. “Preference should be given to land- based resettlement strategies for displaced persons whose livelihoods are land-based. These strategies may include resettlement on public land…, or on private land acquired or purchased for resettlement on public land…, or on private land acquired or purchased for resettlement. Whenever replacement land is offered, resettlers are provided with land for which a combination of productive potential, locational advantages, and other factors is at least equivalent to the advantages of the land taken” OP 4.12 also recognizes several circumstances in which other options may be desirable and feasible. “If land is not the preferred option of the displaced persons, the provision of land would adversely affect the sustainability of a park or a protected area, or sufficient land is not available at a reasonable price, non-land-based options built around opportunities for employment or self-employment should be provided in addition to cash compensation for land and other assets lost. The lack of adequate land must be demonstrated and documented to the satisfaction of the Bank” The income restoration strategy is a program that supports training in income generating activities with commercial potential in the agricultural sectors. Such measures could include any of the following: ➢ Providing training for agricultural methods and technology to increase production ➢ Providing skill training to prepare participants for off-farm work within or outside of the affected area, ➢ Providing access to, and giving preference to affected people in, employment opportunities created by the project. ➢ Training in money management. 5.9.1 Livelihood Restoration The PAPs’ livelihood restoration program will target areas of improving agriculture/farming activities and small-scale business development as well as enhancement of income generating ventures. Livelihood Enhancement and Community Empowerment Program It is essential to have a program that is focused on enhancing PAPs’ capacities in the areas of health, nutrition and education to improve their quality of life. The overarching goal is the improvement of their livelihood with a feeling of security and contentment. Such programmes could include: ➢ Agricultural Training in crop and animal production, post-harvest loss reduction and inputs support. ➢ Micro Enterprise Development Training: including: entrepreneurship development skills; business management; marketing; technical skill training in appropriate technologies (including rice, millet and guinea corn processing, baking, soap and pomade, mushroom production); and, input support. ➢ Vocational & Technical Skill Training: in carpentry; masonry; welding; electrical installation; catering; and dress making. ➢ Micro Credit Training: Program beneficiaries are trained in credit access and establishing linkages with financial institutions. ➢ Community Resilience Development: involving building the capacities of community members, particularly the youth in service provision. ➢ Capital Support - programmes for income replacers incorporated in the project. ➢ Employment at Construction - local people whose livelihood get preference in jobs associated with the project construction. Female affected people could form labour contracting groups with the help of the Project Management and be deployed by the contractor in simple excavations, bush clearing, re-vegetating programmes (e.g. tree planting and watering). PAPS should get preferential employment in project civil works based on their eligibility in the semiskilled and unskilled category. A clause should be incorporated in the contract document requiring contractors to give employment, if available to PAPs in preference to other persons. ➢ Small business development - This will be accomplished through training in improved income‐generating covering such topics as selecting optimal business alternative, managerial training for businesses among others. 59 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme 5,9.2 Agricultural Improvement Program It is important to establish an Agricultural Improvement Program to assist farmers affected by land acquisition and resettlement activities. The main objective will be to facilitate and incentivize access to agricultural land for farmers, and to increase levels of production, crop yields, and market access, as well as developing crop diversity. This will eeffectively distribute agricultural assistance to compensate farmers directly impacted by land acquisition activities in the Area. The Process could include: ➢ Income restoration for the land based component through agricultural improvement will be accomplished through training in improved crop varieties, fertilization, and post-harvest grain conservation; pprovision of fertilizers and improved seeds, extension services and related monitoring. ➢ Compensated farmers are registered and receive business training ➢ Farmers receive cash inputs for land acquisition and clearance ➢ Farming inputs are distributed with extension support from Ministry of Agriculture extension officers ➢ Further cash assistance is provided for weeding ➢ Farms are monitored regularly 5.10 Vulnerable Group Programme Assistance will be provided to the vulnerable PAPs to help them overcome any difficulties encountered in the process of land acquisition. Such will also provide a safety net until they become self-sufficient and resilient to economic stresses as they were pre-project or even better, psychological preparedness of the entire resettlement process. Also, priority should be given to this group in all mitigation measures related to them. To avoid transfer of stress to vulnerable groups who include the elderly (65 and above years old) and widows, assistance must be provided through physical preparation of farm land (clearing, leveling, creating access routes, and soil stabilization); agricultural inputs (seeds, seedlings) etc. Ultimately, each affected vulnerable PAP should have means of income, access to medical care, and ability to feed himself/herself as well as monitoring of nutritional and health status to ensure successful integration into the resettled community (where actual physical relocation takes place). The Program Assistance should involve the following as appropriate: ➢ Create awareness on the process of land acquisition and resettlement to the PAPs to allow psychological preparedness of the whole process. ➢ Compensation delivery ➢ Finance money management training ➢ Agricultural improvement training ➢ Vocational training in trades at local college and Educational scholarships for Orphans ➢ Alternative livelihoods training 5.11 Gender-specific actions The following gender – specific actions should be taken to ensure participation and security for the women: ➢ Raise awareness levels of all relevant stakeholders and engage in advocacy to ensure that gender issues are identified and addressed. ➢ Work with local organisations that have an interest in/insight into gender issues, such as groups with women membership, particularly the Women’s Associations. Besides ensuring greater participation, it would provide support during implementation. ➢ Include gender issues into all relevant scope of work and contracts in RAP implementation. ➢ Actively include women in the consultation process during election of irrigation land redistribution committee, ➢ Ensure that their participation is sought during implementation and monitoring by including them in committees as above. ➢ Gender - sensitive project monitoring and evaluation, using gender indicators ➢ Entitlement certificates should be in the names of both (or more in the case of polygamous households) spouses; for female household heads (FHHs) it shall be in the names of the women 60 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme ➢ Bank accounts to be in the names of landholder and spouse. If already having an account in the name of the male member (husband), affected persons should be encouraged to have joint bank accounts; ➢ Both the compensation and land redistribution Grievance Committees will include at least two women members; ➢ Women’s Affairs committee to strengthen women’s involvement with specific training and awareness raising activities targeting women such as imparting financial literacy and other skill development or enhancement activities. 5.12 Protection of cultural heritage and worship place Though no such cultural assets or worship places were identified, it is pertinent to note that in The World Bank EA, physical cultural resources management plan that includes (a) measures to avoid or mitigate any adverse impacts on physical cultural resources; (b) provisions for managing chance finds; (c) any necessary measures for strengthening institutional capacity for the management of physical cultural resources; and (d) a monitoring system to track the progress of these activities shall be brought to bear. The protocols to mitigate any adverse effects include continual consultation with traditional authorities and local communities. 5.13 Provision of amenities for the community In support of the communities and as part of the social responsibility of TRIMING project, assistance could be given to the rural poor communities as may be requested by the various communities such as the provision of drinking water alongside rural electricity. 5.14 Environmental Protection and Occupational Health Management Prior to the commencement of this RAP, an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) had been prepared for the proposed project to assess the potential environmental and social impacts of the proposed rehabilitation of the Dadi Kowa Irrigation Scheme including the barrage. The ESIA established the modalities of implementing the rehabilitation works in accordance with the Nigeria Environmental Policies/Laws and the World Bank Safeguard Policies detailing mitigation measures as well as institutional roles and responsibilities in the operationalization of the ESMP prepared to address adverse impacts during the work. The report developed mitigation measures for enhancing the positive impact and mitigation measures for managing the negative impacts. In addition, the ESIA also identified some specific plans such as the Occupational Health and Safety (OSH) considerations for the proposed rehabilitation works; Waste Management Plan; and the general environmental and social management conditions for construction contracts. These specific sections will guide the Contractors, PMU and other major project stakeholders in ameliorating the negative impacts of the rehabilitation works Therefore, this section of the RAP should be read and understood as well as applied considering the ESIA document. 61 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme CHAPTER SIX PUBLIC PARTICIPATION AND CONSULTATIONS 6.0 Introduction Consultation of and participation of stakeholders is a major requirement in the RAP preparation process. Thus, according to OP 4.12, Involuntary Resettlement requires that displaced persons be “(i) informed about their options and rights pertaining to resettlement; (ii) consulted on, offered choices among, and provided technically and economically feasible resettlement alternatives .” (World Bank, 2008). Therefore, in order to provide timely and relevant information, public involvement for the RAP began early during the site reconnaissance. Relevant stakeholders had to be consulted on resettlement options, and offered opportunities to participate in planning, implementing, and monitoring resettlement. This was built on the stakeholder participations established during the preparation of previous Safeguard documents (ESMF, RPF, and ESIA) for the project. Public involvement as used in this RAP includes public consultation (or dialogue) and public participation, which is a more interactive and intensive process of stakeholder engagement. This Chapter consequently describes: ➢ The various stakeholders including PAPs consulted; ➢ The process of promoting consultation/participation of affected populations and stakeholders in resettlement preparation and planning; ➢ The methodology for public involvement consultation which included focus group discussion and interviews with all relevant stakeholders with active participation of women groups (taking cognizance of the cultural peculiarity of project area), vulnerable groups and youths; ➢ The plan for disseminating RAP information to affected populations and stakeholders, including information about compensation for lost assets, eligibility for compensation, resettlement assistance, and grievance redress; ➢ Summary of consultation and major findings from consultations with PAPs and community groups; and ➢ Issues/concerns and questions raised during consultation and how they were addressed. 6.1 The Need for Stakeholders Involvement Public consultation is an important step towards successful project implementation. This is because Public involvement adds value to overall project decision making with increased sustainability and support building for projects. The process affords the stakeholders - PAPs and the general public - the opportunity to contribute to both the design and implementation of the project activities and reduce the likelihood for conflicts. The more direct involvement of the local level people in the planning and management processes, the greater the likelihood that resource use and protection problems will be solved as well as the likelihood of development opportunities occurring in a balanced way and to the broad benefit of all communities in the project. Heinz, at al (2011) observed that “There is a powerful business case to win the hearts and minds of ... stakeholders. Reducing conflict with (external) stakeholders in favor of winning their cooperation improves the-- chances that a business plan can proceed on budget and on time, and most importantly, generate sustainable shareholder value." The stakeholders will begin to feel a sense of ownership with the project and would be inclined to make ‘sacrifices’ for its success. Thus, issues that could cause delays in implementation would be minimised. As designed for this RAP, the stakeholders ‘involvement was directed at: 1. Obtaining local and traditional knowledge that may be useful for decision-making; 2. Facilitating consideration of alternatives, mitigation measures and tradeoffs; 3. Ensuring that important impacts are not overlooked and benefits maximized; 4. Reducing conflict through the early identification of contentious issues; 5. Providing an opportunity for the public to influence the decision in a positive manner; 6. Improving transparency and accountability of decision-making; and 7. Increasing ownership in the decisions made, and in turn, increase consent and even assistance 62 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme with implementation. 8. Increasing public confidence in the project that is sustainable 9. Fully sharing information about the project, its components and its activities, with affected people, 10. Obtaining information about the needs of the affected persons, and their reactions towards proposed activities and ensuring transparency in all activities related to mitigation measures and knowing beforehand from local residents especially the PAPs the challenges anticipated with the project and how these can be overcome. 6.2 Core Values for Public Participation For this RAP, the following represented the core values of public participation: • Stakeholders, especially PAPs have a say in decisions about the actions that could affect their lives. • The promise that the public’s contribution will influence the decision. • Seek out and facilitate the involvement of PAPs or those interested in the decisions. • Seek input from participants in designing how they participate. • Provide participants with the information they need to participate in a meaningful way. • Communicate to participants how their input affected the decision. 6.3 Basic Principles for the Public Consultation There are several acceptable models for undertaking consultation. However, what is vital is that the one adopted must be applied in the manner that makes the process credible. It was therefore necessary to ensure that consultation carried out for this RAP involved a process that was context-specific. This means that the techniques, methods, approaches and timetables were tailored to meet the local situation and the various types of stakeholders consulted. The basic principle adopted involved: ➢ Target those most likely to be affected by the project ➢ Scope key issues early enough and ensure they influence the project decisions to which they relate ➢ Relevant information disseminated in advance ➢ Present information in a readily understandable format and techniques used culturally appropriate including language ➢ Ensure two-way communication so that both sides can exchange views and information, to listen, and to have their issues addressed ➢ Gender-inclusive through awareness that men and women often have differing views and needs ➢ Localized to reflect appropriate timeframes, context, and local languages ➢ The process is Free from manipulation or coercion ➢ Documented to keep track of who has been consulted and the key issues raised ➢ Report back in a timely way to those consulted, with clarification of next steps ➢ Consultation is continuous as required during the life of the project 6.4 Public Consultation and Management process For purpose of credibility and trust in the process, public consultation for this RAP was not seen as a one-off activity. Rather, it was regarded as a continuous interactive process, one that begins at the planning stage and continues till it is completed and into the life of the construction and operation phases (Fig. 6.1). The management process was structured to: 63 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme ➢ I d e n t i f y the relevant stakeholders, i.e., all those individuals, groups and organizations potentially affected by or interested in the project? ➢ Map the impact zones. Many methods are available to help Box 6.1: Some Questions that Assisted Stakeholders project sponsors identify identification stakeholders. One practical • Who will be affected by the negative environmental technique is impact zone and social impacts of the project, both on- and off- mapping. Mapping can help site? • Who will benefit from the project other than the identify the full range of project- project sponsor and investors? affected groups. By mapping • Who will be responsible for implementing measures environmental and social impacts, designed to avoid, mitigate, or compensate for the the project sponsor can begin to project’s negative impacts? assess different levels of impact • Whose cooperation, expertise, or influence would be for geographically distinct groups helpful to the success of the project? and to prioritize stakeholders. • Who are the most vulnerable, least visible, and ➢ I n f o r m these people about the voiceless for whom special consultation efforts may project and its potential impacts have to be made? on their lives and activities in a • Who supports or opposes the changes that the timely manner and in a way, they project will bring? can understand? • Whose opposition could be detrimental to the ➢ Provide opportunities and time success of the project? for people to voice their concerns; identify local conditions, benefits and risks, and mitigation measures; and, where necessary, propose alternative approaches? ➢ R e s p o n d to the concerns and ideas raised? ➢ C o m m u n i c a t e these responses back to those individuals and organizations consulted, and to the wider public? Source: IFC, 1998 Fig. 6.1: Actions Adopted for managing Public Consultation 64 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme 6.5 The Stakeholders Stakeholders for the purpose of this project have been defined as all those people, groups, communities and institutions that have an interest in the successful planning and execution of the project. All those therefore who are directly positively and negatively affected by the project are referred to as the key stakeholders. The “Key stakeholders” include anyone whose involvement is considered crucial to the project. They are people who stand to be directly affected, influential people, respected people, spokespersons for their blocks, and people with the authority to say “yes” or “no,” people whose local knowledge is im portant, people who may want to derail the process for personal gain and all those who think they are key stakeholders. Thus in addition to the PAPs, other interested parties who may be able to influence the outcome of the project, either because they can contribute knowledge or ideas to improve project design or mitigate negative social impacts, or because they have political influence in the project that needs to be considered Based on the analysis, the following categories of stakeholders were identified, namely: a. Primary stakeholders: individuals and groups who are affected directly by the project (people whose livelihoods need to be re-established, people whose access to natural resources is affected; people who may suffer adverse socio-economic impacts as a result of the project and are not covered by Bank safeguard policies. b. Secondary stakeholders: those parties which have influence on, but are not necessarily directly impacted by the project (Project Local communities, elected public representatives, local and village councils, Traditional representatives, such as village headmen, or tribal and religious leaders, Leaders (chairmen) of local cooperatives, other community-based organizations, herders and local women’s groups The following criteria were useful in appreciating the relevant stakeholders to involve, in which way, why, when and to what degree at any given time: ➢ the significance of the effect of the project in the view of the stakeholder ➢ The importance of the stakeholder group to the proposed project ➢ the risk of getting incomplete information by excluding a group ➢ the opportunity to access new ideas ➢ the requirements of regulators or permit-issuing bodies (for example, to get an operating license, a firm may be required to engage members of project host communities). 6.6 Gender considerations in Consultation In the project area, both men and women are engaged in various activities. This RAP aimed to ensure gender equality and enhance women’s participation in the project. Experience has shown that men and women often have different priorities, different perspectives on key issues, and may be differently impacted by a project– with women bearing disproportionate negative impacts. In the project area, men and women virtually play different roles within the private and public spheres. With these different and complex roles comes differential access to resources and finances, to contacts and relationships, to personal skills development, and to opportunity and power. It therefore means everyone must have opportunity to express his or her opinions unhindered Suffice it to say that women have an important role in household management and in economically productive activities, especially by making nonwage contributions to household subsistence. As the women are more often likely to be excluded from participation and yet exposed to greater risk of impoverishment, the consultation process for this RAP integrated women’s perspectives. They are in position to provide a more complete picture of the potential risks, impacts, and opportunities relating to the proposed project. Their views were considered of crucial in the process of designing employment, 65 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme compensation, and benefits programs, as these could influence special targeting in order to facilitate more equitable distribution. Efforts were specifically made to consult the women through interactive sessions. In consultation with the women, the following were taken into consideration ➢ Gender disaggregation of data which enabled the understanding of gender differences related to the project. ➢ “Culturally appropriate” consultation which kept women in a more comfortable zone to talk – use of a team that is gender-aware and can facilitate situations in a way that allows both men and women to express their views. ➢ Get more women in the room –making meetings more accessible and convenient by choosing a time of day, date, and location convenient for women; asking networks with predominantly female membership to encourage their members to participate; and provision of logistic support to-from the meeting venue. ➢ Culture where women’s voices are often not effectively present or heard in traditional meetings or workshops - special steps to create a venue in which women’s own issues and concerns can be raised (as an additional item at an existing meeting where women have gathered) ➢ Raise priority issues for women to avoid domination by men and the issues that matter most to them - included getting such issues onto the meeting agenda, raising them in group discussions, and including them in survey questionnaires. 6.7 Stakeholder engagement The extent of stakeholders’ involvement was based on the significance of the impacts which was considered relatively small impacts spread out over several villages. The affected persons were more consulted in order to appreciate their concerns and views about the project. Other village leaders in these areas were consulted in addition to other opinion leaders. The stakeholders’ consultations were held between November 21 2018 to January 30, 2019 with all the affected villages in Yamaltu/Deba Local Government in Gombe State and Bayo Local Government Area in Borno State. The Emir/ Emirate councils and the Local Government Chairmen/representatives in the two affected Local Government Areas were also consulted. The meetings interacted with the security agencies, NGOs, opinion leaders in the host communities of these PAPs and intimate them with the proposed project. Table 6.1 outlines an inventory of the stakeholders consulted and the dates of consultation. Further information are contained in appendix 6.1. Table 6.1: Outline of Consultations Community/organization/Ass Venue Purpose of Meeting Date ociation Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme UBRBDA Office To inform about the RAP exercise, identification of the 29th November (DKIS), Upper Benue River organisation as a key stakeholder and invitation to the 2018 Basin Development public forum Association (UBRBDA) Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme UBRBDA Office To plan for the organization of the stakeholder’s public 30th November (DKIS), Upper Benue River forum 2018 Basin Development Association (UBRBDA) Emir of Yemaltu Emir’s Palace To inform about the RAP exercise, identification of the 30th November traditional rulership institution as a key stakeholder and 2018 invitation to the public forum District Head, Hinna Palace of the To inform about the RAP exercise, identification of the 30th November District head traditional rulership institution as a key stakeholder and 2018 (Hinna0 invitation to the public forum Water Users Association Water Users To inform about the RAP exercise, identification of the 1st December (Dadin Kowa) (Apex) Association association as a major stakeholder and invitation to the 2018 office public forum Water Users Association Water Users To inform about the RAP exercise, identification of the 1st December (Dadin Kowa). Women’s’ Wing Association association as a major stakeholder and invitation to the 2018 office public forum 66 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Community/organization/Ass Venue Purpose of Meeting Date ociation Savannah Integrated Farms Savannah To inform about the RAP exercise, identification of the 1st December Limited (Borno State) Integrated company as a key stakeholder and invitation to the 2018 Farms Limited public forum and also seek their cooperation in reaching Premises out to the farmers in their area. Dadin Kowa Divisional Police Dadin kowa To inform about the RAP exercise, identification of the 3rd December Headquarters Divisional security agency as a stakeholder, invitation to the public 2018 Police forum and seeking their support in ensuring a peaceful Headquarters environment for the project implementation. The Provost, College of College of To inform about the RAP exercise, identification of the 3rd December Horticulture (Dadin Kowa) Horticulture educational institution as a stakeholder and invitation to 2018 (Dadin Kowa) the public forum and seek their cooperation in reaching out to the farmers in their area Yemaltu Deba Local Yemaltu Deba To inform about the RAP exercise, identification of the 3rd December Government Chairman local local government as a stakeholder and invitation to the 2018 government public forum. As a key stakeholder, the support of the area office Local Government is needed for the implementation of the project. Briyel-Bayo Divisional Police Divisional To inform about the RAP exercise, identification of the 3rd December Headquarters Police Hqrs, security agency as a stakeholder and invitation to the 2018 Borno public forum as well as seek their support in ensuring a peaceful environment for the project implementation Bayo Local Government Bayo Local To inform about the RAP exercise, identification of the 3rd December Chairman government local government as a stakeholder and invitation to the 2018 office public forum. As a key stakeholder, the support of the Local Government is needed for the implementation of the project. District Head, Biryel, Bayo Palace of the To inform about the RAP exercise, identification of the 3rd December LGA District head traditional institution as a stakeholder and invitation to 2018 (Biryel) the public forum Members of Dadin Kowa Dadin kowa Brief on the general layout of the proposed intervention 5th December Fishermen Association Fishermen work and clarifications for proposed rehabilitation and 2018 invitation to the public forum. Members and Leaders of Residence of To inform about the RAP exercise, identification of the 5th December Miyetti Allah association of the local association as a stakeholder and invitation to the public 2018 Cattle herders Chairman of forum. As a key stakeholder, the association has a Miyetti Allah major role to play toward the smooth implementation of the project. General stakeholders’ Forum UBRBDA Dadin To inform stakeholders of the project and the need for 11th Kowa Office RAP and seek their buy in December, 2018 TRIMING Dadin Kowa UBRBDA Dadin Briefing and planning for the Public Forum January 2019 Irrigation Scheme level Kowa Office safeguard Progress FM Progress FM Io inform of the RAP exercise and seek the support in 4th December, station, Gombe creating awareness about the project as a whole and the 2018 public forum in particular Civil Defence force Dadin Kowa To inform about the RAP exercise, identification of the agency as stakeholders and invitation to the public forum. Also, to seek their cooperation in ensure a secure environment for the implementation of the project. Youth Tree planting Gombe Jewell To inform about the RAP exercise, identification of the 7th December, Association (NGO) Suites association as a stakeholder and invitation to the public 2018 forum. Jewell Environmental Initiative Gombe Jewell To inform about the RAP exercise, identification of the 7th December, (NGO) Suites association as stakeholders and invitation to the public 2018 forum. FAIDA Women Cooperative Dadin Kowa To inform about the RAP exercise, identification of the 4th December, Association (Dadin Kowa) association as stakeholders and invitation to the public 2018 (NGO) forum as well as seek their cooperation in ensuring women’s active participation Village Head, Jangerigeri Jangerigeri, To inform about the RAP exercise, identification of the December 20, Gombe traditional institution as a stakeholder and briefing on the 2018 & census in the community January 25, 2019 Village Head, Jauro Shehu Jauro shehu, To inform about the RAP exercise, identification of the December 21, Bayo LGA, traditional institution as a stakeholder and & briefing on 2018 & 67 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Community/organization/Ass Venue Purpose of Meeting Date ociation Borno State the census in the community January 26 2019 Village Head, Jauro Ganga Jauro Shehu, To inform about the RAP exercise, identification of the December 18, Bayo LGA, traditional institution as a stakeholder & briefing on the 2018 & Borno State census in the community January 29, 2019 68 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme 6.8 Providing Stakeholders Opportunity to Participate It was instructive that the views representative of a broad spectrum of the stakeholders including those in disadvantaged positions be obtained. To do so, a multi-pronged approach was followed by reaching out to every segment of the identified stakeholders announcing the project and the opportunity to participate both verbally and in writing, electronically and in print media. In other words, the opportunity to comment and to raise issues for evaluation was announced to the broadest range of stakeholders. At the early stage, capacity of all stakeholders was enhanced with the manner and level of background information conveyed to them which were presented in no technical language and generally made sufficiently clear in the everyday language of communication. Empowering the stakeholders through this manner of information transfer enabled them to participate meaningfully and to the best of their ability as much as reasonably possible. Furthermore, general meetings were coupled with an "open-house" component where small groups of lay people were briefed in the language that was considered ‘’lay’ to reach their minds and hearts for meaningful contributions. Focus groups discussions were used to complement the process. 6.9 Engagement strategies Identifying and consulting with stakeholder representatives, especially community leaders, served as an efficient way for the project sponsor to disseminate information to large numbers of stakeholders, and receive information from them. However, it is essential that these people be the genuine advocates of the views of their constituents without ulterior motives. As a pointed approached with the objective to reach the hearts of the stakeholders, appropriate engagement approaches were employed in the process. The approach chosen reflected the engagement objectives, stakeholder capacity, cost and time constraints, and whether qualitative or quantitative information was required. Methods employed varied according to the target audience and these which includes: ➢ interviews with key people and groups; ➢ surveys, polls and questionnaires; ➢ Focus groups ➢ public meetings; ➢ continuous participation processes involving agents or committees in the project zone; and ➢ other traditional mechanisms for consultation and decision- making. As a component of the engagement process, special efforts to obtain the contributions of every stakeholder through the following ways: • Small-group briefing sessions at venues convenient to them. • Checking their diaries before setting dates for major meetings and at all times, sending them all documentation for comment, even proceedings of meetings they did not attend or discussion documents they did not request. This would ensure that such people cannot delay the process during the later stages by claiming that they have not been consulted. • Taking account the low literacy levels prevalent in the rural communities by allowing enough time for responses and feedback. • Community participation facilitated by experienced facilitators who spoke local languages and who understand local customs and circumstances. 6.9.1 Entry into the community In order to ensure a warm welcome into the communities and elicit their support, the efforts were made to first identify their leaders both traditional and democratically elected representatives. Consultative fora were arranged and held with them, hence it was possible to have unhindered exercise in the communities. Those met included leaders of women’s groups, religious groups or 69 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme youth groups, Water Users Associations (through the DKIS project office). These are the best guarantors for public interest, especially the village heads who are held in high esteem in the local communities. It was discovered that some are inadvertently part of the potentially project affected persons. As the exercise progressed, those who were later identified in the communities were given opportunity to participate as they would want to, through private visits, media and especially radio announcements and announcement in public places like the mosques. 6.9.2 Private visits and telephone calls Consultation began though separate contacts with the different blocks of society, small groups or individuals before they were exposed to a multi-party situation such as a public meeting. With this they were able to be provided with upfront/initial information to stakeholders on the opportunity to participate in the RAP preparation process. This was done in recognizing that: ➢ Advance indication of sensitive or difficult issues. ➢ Different blocks have different issues and nuances to issues; whereas they may raise their issues broadly at a public meeting, they may not provide the details or nuances. ➢ Not everyone is eloquent in a public situation, thus their issues may go unnoticed. ➢ Where people are angry or mistrust the proponent or government, they may disrupt a public meeting. ➢ If the issues of various blocks are known beforehand, it is easier to assist the different blocks to appreciate each other’s' views and to avoid conflict. Before letters were dispatched to the communities and advertisement placed in the media, key stakeholders were contacted by telephone. Courtesy visits were also paid to some relevant key stakeholders to get them informed first hand. For some who could not be reached on phone, they were visited in person 6.9.3 Person-to-person or small-group/focus group consultation In recognition of the degree to which stakeholders are affected, person-to-person consultation were also used to obtain people's issues. 6.9.4 Letters of invitation The letters of invitation contained some background information on the project and RAP. Such were specifically addressed using their names in the case of those already known. (Appendix 6.2) In the case of those who could not be reached personally, their copies were dropped for them to pick up at strategic locations. The DKIS project office, Yalmatu/Deba and Bayo council offices, Hinna and Dadin Kowa community halls, the palaces of the Emir and District Heads as well as the local offices of community-based organizations served as points of contact. In addition to mailing, it was sent electronically to organizations to forward to their members and additional copies were sent to community leaders to distribute to community members. Advertising and media announcements. In order to ensure that the information to be conveyed to the people and clearly understood, the following factors were considered: ➢ Their preferred newspaper/radio in terms of patronage ➢ The language most understood (English & Hausa) ➢ The reach of the paper in terms of spread ➢ Geographic scale of the/radio project ➢ The public sensitivity scales Advertisement was made in a local newspaper (see appendix 6.3). The aim was to ensure that perhaps, unidentified stakeholders are aware of the opportunity to be part of the overall intervention process as early as possible. Since some of the areas are rural, announcements in form of radio 70 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme jingles, were aired on an appropriate local radio station (Progress FM) in a local language (Hausa) was done. Additionally, in order to ensure thoroughness in reaching out to all relevant stakeholders, especially the project affected persons; there were also announcement at the various mosques on prayer days especially Fridays during the Jumat sessions. This was geared toward reducing and indeed eliminating the chances for surprises during the process. 6.9.6 Public events To drive trust, create a shared vision and promote a partnership between the proponents and the public, public meetings was held at an agreed centralized location. The public meeting was held to ➢ Make the meetings accessible to more stakeholders in terms of travel distance- opportunities were provided people who have no income and are unlikely to travel to meetings for the costs involved. ➢ Group together people of particular areas, where issues may be specific to those areas and not to the study area as a whole. ➢ Make the meeting more manageable 6.9.7 Obtaining issues for evaluation and suggestions for alternatives Using a multi-pronged approach, issues were obtained from across a spectrum of sectors of society, and pro-actively sourced early in the process by a variety of methods as highlighted above. The aim was to obtain issues of concern and suggestions for enhanced benefits for consideration in the RAP to develop the mitigation measures. Efforts were made at the outset to help the stakeholders, particularly the PAPs, understand the proposed project and the process, and especially the ways proposed for their involvement. During consultations, in additions to focusing on potentially negative impacts that would be avoided or reduced/mitigated, potentially positive impacts that should be enhanced and where there could be mutual benefits for all stakeholders were emphasized. 6.9.8 Verification that issues have been captured and considered As a measure towards ensuring that issues discussed at meetings were clearly captured, opportunity to verify issues were provided as announced during the public fora. Consequently, proceedings for the meetings were produced immediately after the meeting and recorded all the issues raised, verification that issues raised previously have been captured. The proceedings were distributed to leadership of key stakeholders who attended the meeting, with a request to cross-check the way in which their contributions were recorded and an invitation to raise further issues within a week of receiving the proceedings. The comment period and due date for comment were clearly indicated. In addition, stakeholders were provided the opportunity to comment on the findings of the RAP especially the inventory of assets and for them to verify that their issues were indeed considered in the investigations. Stakeholders comment on the findings as part of their role in having their views heard in the decision-making process. The All public events during a public participation process commenced with an introduction by the facilitator to: ➢ Welcome those present and outline the objectives of the meeting. ➢ Indicate how the public's issues will be considered, who the decisions will be made by, and when. ➢ Indicate that those present are welcome to disagree, i.e. that consensus is not being sought but rather diversity of opinion. 6.10 Discussion with Stakeholders and Summary of Outcome Conclusion At the meetings, the overview of the project and appreciation of RAP implementation and other related information were presented to the stakeholders in local Hausa language. Furthermore, the challenges 71 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme emanating from the implementation of the project and the support needed/given from all parties to ensure effective project and successful implementation were also discussed. At the fora, the affected persons and community members were provided information and consulted on mitigation options available to them, and offered opportunities to participate in planning, implementing, and monitoring mitigations as well as the grievance redress mechanism. In other words, the PAPs, specifically, were told that they can air their concerns and suggestions which will be incorporated to the extent possible in project design and implementation. They were made aware of their rights, which include compensation for impacts and alternatives – even if they are willing to give up land, assets and or livelihood in the general public interest. They also discussed their concerns and views about the intervention work. It was emphasized that compensation will only be for those who are affected in the course of the intervention work and not before. Furthermore, the stakeholders were informed of the need to make available qualified local labour during the intervention works as may be requested by the contractor. Stakeholders and affected persons expressed happiness and willingness to support the project. Stakeholders were commended for their willingness to support the project. Table 6.2 provides a summary of the concerns raised by the stakeholders’ and how the project addresses them as well as responses to the concerns expressed during the consultations conducted between November 29, 2018 and January 30, 2019. Those met included the Emir in Council, District Heads and community leaders, PAPs, Women associations, and Water Users Associations. 72 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Table 6.2: Queries/Observation Raised by Stakeholders and Responses S/N Stakeholders Forum Inventory Concerns Raised by Farmers During Stakeholders’ Forum on December 11, 2018 ❖ Will there be disturbance during the rehabilitation ❖ Yes, there will be disturbance during the process? rehabilitation process hence the need for this RAP Exercise. ❖ Is there any stipulated time for the construction ❖ The construction work will soon commence. work to start, and how long? As soon as all requirements are met, civil work shall proceed ❖ Will the inventory of the PAPs be taken before civil work commencement and when? ❖ Yes, hence plans have been made to start inventory soon.. All those affected will be duly informed. ❖ Are we going to lose all our land? We heard it is a way Government wants to collect our land. ❖The project does not intend to take anybody’s farmland but inventory taken will make redistribution of farmlands easier. Relocation concerns Raised by Farmers During Stakeholders Forum on December 11, 2018 ❖ If I want water and the person next to my farm ❖ Canals will be assessed separately as it will doesn’t want irrigation, what will I do not to affect pass through/beside all farmlands. All blocks the other farmland? shall be grouped in units, such that if a farmer in a unit does not pay, they shall be prevented from water supply till they comply through the WUA ❖ In case of relocation, will there be space for relocation of the affected persons? ❖ The project has given commitment towards this. However, the project envisaged a temporary disturbance/loss for proposed one ❖ If the space required of us is minimal, we will not season farming of either wet or dry require compensation and can we shift to accommodate the project? ❖ Thank you. However, According to World Bank OP 4.12, which in parts summarizes that all affected person shall fully be compensated at full replacement cost. This shall be applied. Hopes and Expectation concerns Raised by Farmers during stakeholders Forum on Dec. 11, 2018 ❖ Our access roads are bad and we have difficulty in ❖ Access roads and other infrastructures have transporting our farm produce. Some of the roads been proposed for rehabilitation and waterways that have been encroached, what will considered as discussed with the design team happen to the farmers farming in such areas? and PMU for this project. ❖ We hope that it is not when we have invested in ❖ PAPs will be properly informed and seeds and planted that the engineers will show up construction will be planned to be carried out to commence construction at a time when harvesting would have been done to minimise any loss. The contractor is ❖ The job entails over 2000 hectares, how do you expected to submit a workplan which will be intend to take inventory of each farmland looking at disclosed to stakeholders and updates will be the large expanse of land? communicated effectively ❖ We shall start first by meeting/consulting with each community and we understand farmers are grouped by hydraulic boundaries/association into blocks. Census will be carried out according to blocks. General Queries and Concerns Raised by Farmers During Stakeholders Forum on Dec. 11, 2019 ❖ We pay water charges to WUA (The Agency), will ❖ Yes, the WUA with the support from UBRBDA this continue after civil work? shall be responsible for the collection of irrigation service fees, however, fees will be collected in groups. ❖ After the redistribution, will UBRBDA still allow us to 73 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme S/N Stakeholders Forum use the land ❖ Based on your tenure status with the UBRBDA and the mode of operation, ❖ Who will be in charge of maintaining the canals? redistribution to PAPs is envisaged and hence ‘owner’s occupier’ system is to be applied or alternatives ‘farmers occupier’ as the case may be ❖ The canal will be built for your good. However, once the WUA have been equipped, they will be responsible for ❖ Must they farm rice after rehabilitation or anything maintaining the canals with the aid of the they want to plant? water fee and support assistance from the UBRBDA maintaining the headworks. ❖ It will be the choice of each farmer. It is however expected that the most viable and profitable crop will be planted. Security Agency/Financial Institution Security Issue Raised by the Police at Biryel, Bayo LGA, Borno State on Dec. 3, 2018 Comments/Questions Response ❖ Why are you visiting us in Borno state while the ❖ Part of the Project also falls within Borno Project is located in Gombe? State. So it is proper that we visit the police divisions in communities both in Gombe and Borno States. ❖ Is it only Farmers that are your targets? ❖ Only PAPs, if a banker cultivates within the command area, the person will be inventoried ❖ How do you intend to go about implementing/controlling the farmers without ❖ There is a procedure which will be outlined in grievance the RAP report, which will proffer ways to Safely implement. There also exist a grievance redress mechanism by TRIMING. ❖ If assistance will be given, don’t you think it will create security challenges in the area? ❖ PAPs will be rendered assistance based on clear terms and transparent process which will pose no challenge. Should there be any challenge you have been categorized as a stakeholder. WUA Men and Women Met on Dec 1, 2018 at WUA Office, Dadin Kowa Questions raised by WUA Executive Members Responses 74 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme S/N Stakeholders Forum ❖ How do we get equipped since we have great ❖ The TRIMING intervention will include responsibility thrusted to us? capacity building of project beneficiaries. All those who will play key roles in the implementation of the project and the project sustenance will be trained. ❖ The Project is for 3yrs, why is the assistance just ❖ The RAP will develop a schedule within the within the season of the project? three years, where the scheme will be rehabilitated in phases. Displacement of any farmer will be for one season only. ❖ How do you want the WUA to assist in order to cover the 2000 hectares?. ❖ WUA representatives is expected to work in collaborating effort in obtaining data that is devoid of error. ❖ Will the project carry everybody, including those not directly affected in terms of employment benefits ❖ The overall project is geared towards and all? improving or restoring livelihoods. This project will carry all stakeholders involved along. ❖ Hope women will be carried along in the process. We always want to be making decisions just like the ❖ Women are major stakeholders in every men World bank project. This is another reason we have had a separate consultation with your women wing. College of Horticulture, Dadin Kowa. Provost and Academic Team met on Dec. 3, 2018 Comments by the Provost Response ❖ Different groups have come to take inventories but ❖ We understand the outweigh of consultations, we don’t know the exact time this project will kick all is geared towards making a better plan and off. a smooth overall project implementation kickoff. ❖ We give lands to farmers on lease, so how do we take care of that? ❖ Aassistance shall be given to farmers who cultivate these farmlands during the civil work which shall be well documented in the RAP Schedule. Meeting with Savannah Integrated Farms on Dec. 1, 2018 Comments Farms Officials Response ❖ It is a welcomed development and we are patiently ❖ After due consultations and efficient database waiting for the implementation of farmers inventory, the Project will ❖ If there is any way you want us to contribute, even commence soon afterwards. in your meeting or upliftment of farmers, we will be ❖ All stakeholder will be carried along in available to discuss and work with you decision making and matters of related issues. Meeting with Herdsmen – Miyeti Allah Met on Dec. 3, 2018 Concerns/Questions by Herdsmen Response ❖ Do you not think there should be routes that are ❖ The engineering design especially for phase clearly marked out for cows? two of the rehabilitation has taken care of that ❖ Will there be concrete demarcation for cows to as it incorporates cattle routes. avoid encroachment by farmers ❖ Yes there will be demarcated routes for cows to reduce encroachment by farmers. ❖ Will there be spots for planting grasses for our cows ❖ Though defined spots for growing grasses for to reduce reliance on grasses within the farm area. cows have not been designed, it will be noted ❖ Can the government sponsor the growing of for specific attention in the report. grasses (high yielding) to be cultivated by farmers ❖ The Government representatives present which herders can buy from them? have noted the concerns and will pass same ❖ We are glad that the project will be of benefit even to the State and Local Governments as to us (herdsmen) as there will be flow of water applicable for definite action to be taken. This 75 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme S/N Stakeholders Forum leading to growth of grasses and grazing of harvest is remarkable and we will take it as positive remains. remark from the herds community . AGREEMENTS WITH FARMERS/HERDSMEN DURING CONSULTATION 1. The farmers acknowledge their support to the development and rehabilitation of the project block by block 2. They collectively agreed, with the understanding that portions of lands shall be used for field canals and then redistributed 3. The herdsmen plead their support and readiness to offer any assistance toward the success of the project and wished that separate areas of grazing without interference be made available. 4. Anticipation of the project kickoff in terms of carrying out the civil work is envisaged, and the youth emphasized and pleaded that the contractors should reduce the use of foreign expertise for labour in other to inculcate them into the civil work engagement plans. 5. Collectively at the public gathering, it was agreed to shift backwards if they are found to have encroached the right of ways 6. Structure Owners also agree for their assets to be impacted with assurance of getting full compensation for the overall benefit of the people 7. Issues relating to past resettlement have been put behind, regarded as settled and will therefore not be raised during this project. 8. After Valuation and survey, taking into consideration the average yield/income per acre, it was agreed with WUA leaders that N18,000 per acre of farmland, shall be the average entitlement for a farmer who shall loose one planting season. This was to ensure the PAPs receive what is equitable and consequently reduce agitation. Pl see appendix 6.2 for details of consultations at some locations 6.11 RAP Implementation - Communication Strategy 6.11.1 Information Dissemination The following implementation activities shall be undertaken: ➢ RAP disclosure in country (website of TRIMING & UBRBDA) and World Bank Info shop. After clearance from the Bank, the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) will be publicly disclosed in Nigeria, in both English and Hausa (executive summary) and on the World Bank Info shop. ➢ RAP approval and Public disclosure: Upon approval of the final draft. A public consultation and the disclosure awareness will be conducted at a location in the community to launch the RAP implementation. The awareness will have participation by representatives from the affected people and other stakeholders. The objective of the workshop will be to: i. create awareness on the RAP contents, ii. disclose applicable entitlements, iii. Provide information on compensation payable and land redistribution process where applicable. iv. To inform the community of the RAP disclosure locations 6.11.2 Communication Strategy This subsection lays out the consultation and communication process to continually reach out to the various stakeholder groups as at when due in the course of the project. Consultation and Communication are concepts frequently confused with each other. For purpose of clarity, Consultation with affected populations and other stakeholders is basically a two-way process in which the ideas and concerns of stakeholders and the project designer are shared and considered. Communication involves dissemination of information from the project proponent to the concerned public. These concepts should be kept separate. Table 6.3 describes the stakeholder engagement program and communication process by providing contact details of certain stakeholders, as well as by addressing communication methods and specific media that will be used to notify stakeholders of information. Any suggestions for improvement of proposed communication methods or media are welcomed and can be submitted via the contact information at the end of this document. 6.11.3 Documentation of Stakeholder Involvement and other Evidential Indication 76 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme The record of consultation and participation for this RAP are attached as an annex to this RAP. For future reference all documentations and other evidential indications for future consultation and participation process for this RAP implementation and subsequent monitoring are most relevant and should therefore be kept on file. Before commencing implementation, disclosure of RAP in the Project area shall be carried out with the objectives to: • Provide information, and bring clarity on issues raised relating to entitlements and benefits; • Consult and create awareness amongst local community members about rehabilitation; • Ensure that vulnerable groups understand the process, and that their needs are specifically taken into consideration; and • Solicit help from local government officials and other bodies and encourage their participation in rap implementation. The Executive summary of the RAP in Hausa language will be printed and distributed to relevant persons/groups to inform people of RAP implementation arrangements. Existing government institutional structures shall be used to disseminate information and communicate issues as part of the communication sstrategy. Table 6.3: Stakeholder Engagement and Communication Process Instrument Method Budget (N)& USD Frequently • The FAQs sheet will anticipate questions that are likely to be Asked raised by stakeholders and information that does not need 360,000.00/ Questions regular updating such as Project design features. They will Year (FAQs); contain photos and diagrams to visually represent Project $1000 components/progress. • Information sheets will contain information about Project milestones and be updated to provide the most recent information. • These materials will be written in clear and simple English and Hausa languages for a non-technical audience. • made available where appropriate such as on the website and other strategic locations in the project area Website; • Websites allow information to be readily available, as well as providing the opportunity for the information to reach a wider audience. A dedicated webpage will be established on TRIMING’s main website to provide information on the Project. • This will include updates on the Project, as well as Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs), advice for stakeholders on how to engage with the Project and a feedback form or inquiry service for stakeholders to provide comments on the Project. Newsletter • Direct mail is an effective way of informing specific people Create a section in s and regarding the proposed Project and will be used throughout the the existing Direct Mail; consultation process. publication of the project Annual • As part of the annual report of the organization, a summary of As part of the Reports. the implementation of its environmental and social normal annual 77 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme management program shall be included. report Tel. • Toll-free Telephone numbers will be included on information 360,000.00/year Number associated with the Project and provided for the local $1000 community and stakeholders. Site Tours • Site tours are a valuable mechanism for providing a deeper 720,000.00/ understanding of the Project. Site tours will be organized at Annum appropriate times throughout the Project and will include $2,000.00 government, traditional land owners or other key stakeholders; however, they will generally not be made available for the broader public. • After the commencement of the Project, key stakeholders that could benefit from site tours are reference groups, referral agencies and emergency service providers. Briefings/ • Briefings/meetings are methods of providing information on a 360,000.00 Meetings specific issue to a targeted audience such as industry or $1000 government, and are typically followed by detailed discussions, using a question and answer format. • Regular briefings regarding the Project will be conducted for key stakeholders to keep them informed regarding the Project and to receive feedback. 1$ equals N360 78 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme CHAPTER SEVEN RAP IMPLEMENTATION - INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS 7.0 Introduction This chapter provides the institutional framework governing the RAP implementation. It includes a description of the parties responsible for delivery of each item/activity during implementation of income restoration programs; and coordination of the activities associated with and described in the resettlement action plan. It further identifies the external (non-project) institution involved in the process. In addition training for the relevant members of institutions and the budget to ensure smooth implementation of the RAP are also covered in this Chapter. 7.1 Organisational Arrangement Coordination is a critical part of resettlement design. Thus, as much as practically feasible, this report has made clear the implementation process and responsibilities for the implementation of this RAP. 7.2 Resettlement Implementation Committee (RIC) A resettlement implementation committee (RIC) RIC will be created with the participation of the main stakeholders in the DKIS Irrigation Scheme (which are the UBRBDA, WUA, local leaders, TRIMING), after the disclosure of this RAP report. The RIC will have the responsibility to receive the work plan for the upcoming six (6) months from the contractor, which must be endorsed by the supervising engineer. This committee will meet twice per year to review the work plan to determine who will be affected by the project for payment, in addition to coordinating the overall activities of the RAP implementation. During its first meeting in July, the RIC will appraise the works programmed to be carried out during the dry season to determine the farmers that will be affected during the works from November – May and secondly in February to appraise the works to be carried out during the raining season to determine the farmers to be affected during the works of June – October in the rehabilitation area. In addition, the RIC will also meet every 6 months to review and re-evaluate the compensation due to each farmer to reflect inflation reality for subsequent years From the result of the enumeration exercise already carried out, the RIC will develop a list of the farmers who will be affected by the project block by block. In order to ensure transparency and for the PAPs to have access, the list will be disclosed publicly at the UBRBDA, with copies at the DKIS scheme project office and appropriate villages. Also, it will be circulated at the WUA level, through community radio and other means by the TRIMING communication unit. This will enable the farmers to be aware three months in advance and assess the impact on their farms. After the disclosure of this list, a simple ‘PAP form’ for each farmer will be prepared and distributed to affected farmers. This form will be filled by the PAP and signed by the DKIS project manager, the WUA representative and the relevant traditional ruler of each PAP. This form will be distributed from the DKIS project office with the assistance of the RIC committee to representative of the applicable WUA, to be distributed to the PAPs within the blocks earmarked for rehabilitation. The TRIMING scheme safeguards officer with support from the UBRBDA will ensure that this form is properly filled and assist PAPs who cannot read or write in filling the form. The completed form with each PAPs passport photo affixed would be presented at the point of compensation payment, signed or thumb printed A properly constituted structure for administration and implementation of this RAP is imperative and agreement must be reached from the onset with the relevant parties. 7.2.1 Roles and Responsibilities of the RIC The roles and responsibilities of the RIC are outlined in the section below. ➢ Carry out meeting with all PAPs. ➢ Provide all necessary information to the PAPs regarding guidance value and basis for calculation of amount due. 79 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme ➢ Negotiate and firm up the final consent price. ➢ Intimate the decision for payment of compensation to the PAPs ➢ Ensure the Implementation of the RAP without any conflict ➢ Ensure that the project work plan adequately reflect the recommendations of the RAP ➢ Establish dialogue with the affected persons and ensure that the concerns and suggestions are referred to the PMU for appropriate response and management ➢ Provide any other support where necessary during RAP implementation Member of the Resettlement Implementation Committee (RIC) should be notable persons of integrity who can utilize local mechanism to settle grievances and ensure that all cases are justly treated without fear or favour. They must be able to satisfy legitimate claims without incurring additional cost and eliminate unjust demands. 7.3 Composition of the Resettlement Implementation Committee (RIC) After due consultation with the PAPs and the DKIS project office based on trade and/or leadership in the community, members that could be part of the Community Resettlement Implementation Committee were identified with inclusion of representative of the RAP consultant and TRIMING safeguards team. The names and contacts are outlined in Table 8.1 Table 7.1: Suggested Names of Resettlement Implementation Committee members . S/ Name of Member Representation Community/ N organization 1. Representative of Yamaltu-Deba Representative of Yamaltu-Deba Dadin Kowa, Gombe District District State 2. Representative of Bayo District Representative of Bayo District Bayo LGA, Borno State 3. Community Representatives Alh. Musa Sambo Farmers Rep Chairman WUA Men Alh. Idi Shehu Kabiru Farmer Rep WUA Representative Alh. Muhammad Gwani Farmers Rep Dadin Kowa Ibrahim Sadiq Land Officer Yalmatu/Deba LG Hassana M. Adamu Land Officer UBDRDA Mairo Felix APEXWomen Farmers Leader Apex WUA Women Falilat Abolari Women Rep WUA Women Saratu Amos Sani Women Rep WUA Women 4. Musa Argungu TRIMING Social Safeguards TRIMING 5. Oyebankole Agbelusi TRIMING Environmental TRIMING Safeguards 6. Musa Chiroma DKIS Scheme Level Social TRIMING Safeguards Officer 7. Engr. Caleb Terkuma Tyowuah Area Manager DKIS 8. Engr. Ahmed A. Bekaji Apm (Services) DKIS 9. Engr Babayo Sani UBRBDA Yola Representative UBRBDA Yola 10. MDS Safeguards RAP Implementing team Consultant 11. TRIMING Project Accountant TRIMING Account TRIMING 12. TRIMING Project Auditor TRIMING Auditor TRIMING 13. Project Manager DKIS DKIS 14. Representative of the Gombe State Government of Gombe Representative Government through Yamaltu Deba 15. Representative of Borno State Government of Borno Representative Government through Bayo LGA 16. TRIMING Communication Officer TRIMING Project TRIMING 17. Coordinator, Non-Government Jewell Tree & Environmental Representative Organisation Initiative 80 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Table 7.2 : RIC members Roles and Responsibilities NO ROLES RESPONSIBLE ACTOR 1. Coordination of Activities PMU, safeguards unit, communication and DKIS project manager 2. Provide support during PAPs identification and collation of PMU safeguards, DKIS compensation dossier of PAPs. project manager and WUA rep. 3. Validate and identify the right PAPs with proof of eligibility Traditional leaders, PM and Consultations. DKIS, WUA Representative, 4. Coordinates, supervise the implementation of RAP in TRIMING safeguards accordance with the principles and procedures specified in the RAP. 5. Receive, assess and process and decide on complaints WUA, DKIS PM, TRIMING related to compensation assistance and report to the safeguards aggrieved parties about the decisions regarding them 6. Disseminate information on date, venue and process of RAP TRIMING communication, implementation to PAPs through community radio, town hall Safeguards, DKIS PM and meetings etc. WUA 7. Disbursement of compensation payment TRIMING Audit & Account 7.4 Existing capability and proposed capacity building for RIC An effective implementation of a project depends on the right application of technical knowledge and skills as well as discipline and appropriate degree of commitment to resettlement objectives. As noted in the chapter three of this report, the Federal Government carried out a resettlement of those affected during the construction of the Dadin Kowa dam/scheme in the 80s. That process however was not in conformity with OP 4.12. It was said to have created considerable social tensions then. However, those affected have since settled in and adjusted. As agreed with the stakeholders during the consultations; issues related to legacy resettlements that require mitigation are ineligible in accordance with this RAP and under Bank resettlement policy. No compensation shall be made for any legacy issues as the stakeholders were made to be aware. Based on the interaction with the relevant stakeholders, assessment and determination of the characteristics of all project affected persons (PAPs) as well as the assessment of the capacities of the RIC, the need for additional capacity building for the involved actors were identified which will support a long-term consultation during the RAP implementation. It is the responsibility of the Social Safeguard Specialist to ensure that all identified members of the implementation team capacity is built prior to the implementation of this action plan and the PMU provides the budget. This shall be held at the Dadin Kowa Irrigation Project Office within the UBRBDA premises which will be communicated to the RIC via different means of communications such as phone calls, letter or SMS by the TRIMING communication unit. Based on the above, a plan of capacity building activities has been designed to ensure that all those involved in the implementation of the RAP are well equipped to carry out their assignment satisfactorily thereby avoiding issues that could arise to threaten the process. Table 7.3 shows the identified programs to meet the need. 81 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Table 7.3: Awareness and Capacity Building Needs for RIC and other Relevant Stakeholders S/ Duration Subject Target Resources Budget (N) n Audience 1 120min Introduction to Social and UBRBDA • PowerPoint s Resettlement Issues Staff, DKIS, presentation • Basic Concepts in Resettlement WUA, RIC • Associated Issues handouts • Main issues associated with Part of PMU Involuntary Resettlement running costs • Nigeria legal and statutory requirements and World Bank Safeguard policies • Awareness and capacity building development for farmers 2 1days Involuntary Resettlement and UBRBDA/D Full text of Relevant Safeguard tools KIS and OP 4.12 RAP Planning Requirements Staff, RIC, for each Implementation Requirements WUA participant Grievance and Conflict • PowerPoint Management and Resolution Presentation Part of PMU Documentation and Disclosure running costs Requirements Eligibility and Entitlements Resettlement and Compensations packages Monitoring and Evaluation of RAP 3 2days Public Involvement and Consultation PMU, DKIS • Associated in RAP office, RIC Handouts • RAP Overview Community with Hausa Part of PMU • Community Participation and leaders/PA version running costs Consultation Ps • Monitoring and Evaluation representati ves (WUA) 4 1day Financial Literacy workshops for PAPs PowerPoint PAPs presentation • Basic Accounting Principles & handouts Part of RAP • Managing Income & Expenditures • Documentation & Records No additional provisions is made for these activities as they will covered by PMU running costs in the case of items 1 – 3, while item 4 has been cared for as part of the RAP preparation. 7.5 Budget and Cost This Section provides information on the estimated budget for the overall implementation of this RAP and source of funds. In budgeting, the following were taken into consideration: • Budget for resettlement is enough and included in the overall project budget. • Resettlement costs, if any, to be funded by the Government and the mechanisms that will be established to ensure coordination of disbursements with the RAP and the project schedule. • Estimated budget, by cost and by item, for all resettlement costs including planning and implementation, management and administration, monitoring and evaluation, and contingencies. • Specific mechanisms to adjust cost estimates and compensation payments for inflation and currency fluctuations. • Provisions to account for physical and price contingencies. 82 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme • Financial arrangements for external monitoring and evaluation including the process for awarding and maintenance of contracts for the entire duration of resettlement. • Land speculation or influx of ineligible persons at the selected sites. • Financial responsibility and authority. • Sources of funds for resettlement and describe the flow of funds. 7.5.1 Budget and Cost Estimate A detailed inventory of all affected assets provides the basis for estimating the compensation and assistance costs. The cost of Agricultural resources was arrived at by using the rate agreed with the farmers of N18,000 per acre. An acre is 0.4 hectre. For example the pilot scheme has a total of 171.2ha. Therefore 171.2/0.4x18000= N7,704,000.00. for the total cost of agricultural resources we add N7,704,000.00 to 83,241,000.00 to arrive at N90,945,000.00. The cost of land and structure impacted by the extended left back canal is N879,000.00. When the expected cost of grievance management and implementation which is N2,000,000.00 is added to above figures, the total cost implication for the implementation of the RAP is N93,824,000.00. This sum is expected to cover cost for compensation for economic displacement for dry season (as respect those who cultivate during the dry season), and wet season (as respect those who farm during the wet season), physical displacements resulting from canal alignment and, grievance management and compensation commission. In addition, a provision of 10% of the total budget for contingencies is added to the current budget 7.5.2 Financial Responsibility and Authority The TRIMING is the source of this fund for the payment of the necessary compensations and mitigation measures and overall implementation of the RAP. Table 7.4: Budget Estimate for the RAP Implementation S/N ITEM COST (NAIRA) Total (NAIRA) A Compensation for A1 Land and structure 879,000.00 A2 Agricultural resources (compensation for 90,945,000.00 economic displacement during works at Pilot (83,241,000.00 Scheme practicing wet season & Areas + 7,704,000.00) currently without Irrigation facilities but practicing wet season farming). Rate was calculated at 18,000 naira per acre. See section 7.5.1 Sub-total 91,824,000.00 B ADDITIONAL MITIGATIONS B1 Grievance management 1,000,000.00 Sub-total 1,000,000.00 C IMPLEMENTATION COSTS C1 Third Party Witness/Monitor 500,000.00 C2 Disclosure of RAP 500,000.00 Sub-total 1,000,000.00 D Total 93,824,000.00 E + Contingencies 10% 9,382,400.00 Grand Total 103,206,400.00 @ N360 to 1$ equivalent $286,684.44*** 2 Third Party Witness As earlier stated above, the estimated compensation cost for the project is N93,824,000.00($260,622.22). This is made up of loss of agricultural resources/temporary 2A local Non – Government Organisation is to be used as a 3rd party witness or monitor during implementation 83 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme displacement from farm land in the 1. Pilot area currently practicing dry season farming via tube wells N7,704,000.00(US$21,400.00), 2. Area currently without Irrigation Facilities but practice wet season farming N83,241,000.00(US$170,984.24, 3. Permanent loss of land and structure resulting from the canal alignment N879,000.00 (US$2,441.67). 4. Grievance Management/Implementation N2,000,000.000($5,555.56). The rate is based on N360 to US$1. The summary of this cost is presented in table 7.5 below. The area without irrigation infrastructure, also referred to as undeveloped area, is made up of farmlands under cultivation. Unlike the Pilot Area where channels and canals had been constructed as a pilot scheme in the past, there had been no irrigation activities in the undeveloped area. They are now being included to benefit from the proposed project. In the course of the construction, the farmers will not have access to their farmlands hence the need for compensation. The size of the area without irrigation facilities is 1,849.8ha. Using the same N18,000.00 per acre and an acre being 0.4ha, we have the compensation cost of N83,241,000.00. Table 7.5 Summary of Compensation Budget for Pilot Area and Areas currently without Irrigation Infrastructure YEAR Area Ha BUDGET (N) US$ PIL Ha BUDGET (N) US$ without OT Irrigation Infrastruc ture 1 1A, 1C, 882.5 N39,712,500.00 $110,312.50 1B 171.2 7,704,000.00 $21,400.00 2A 2 1D, 2B & 967.3 N43,528,500.00 $120,912.50 2C SUB 1849.8 $231,225.00 171.2 7,704,000.00 $21,400.00 TOTA N83,241,000.00 L During consultation with the Design consultant and the DKIS project team, it was suggested that work plans be adjusted to suit this RAP document to guard against losing two seasons (closure of water) in blocks which hitherto had earlier been envisaged to lose only one season. However, it is important to note that the breakdown in table 7.6 may still be adjusted during implementation. It is vital that the resettlement program be coordinated with the timing of the civil works. The required coordination has contractual implications, and will be considered in procurement and bidding schedules, award of contracts, and release of cleared Blocks to project contractors. Consequently, the timing mechanism of this RAP ensures that before any project activity is implemented, PAPs will need to be compensated in accordance with this RAP and the RPF earlier prepared. To ensure a hitch free process, the schedule for the implementation of activities must be agreed to between the Resettlement Implementation Committee, the PAPs and the supervising engineer. The schedule will include the target dates for commencement and completion of all compensations before the start of the civil works. RIC will first review the proposed civil work plan for the upcoming six (6) months endorsed by the supervising engineer to determine the farmers that will be impacted by the works. Compensation of all the PAPs (farmers) that will be impacted during upcoming raining season of June – October will be compensated in April, while those that will be affected during the upcoming dry season work of November – May in the rehabilitation area will be compensated in August/September. This means that compensation for each block will be concluded at least 2 months before the commencement of rehabilitation work. Findings from this RAP revealed that the average land tenure arrangement in the scheme is about 0.4ha per family, therefore, the compensation payment would be on average of N18,000 per 0.4ha of 84 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme land in a planting season (US$42 per season) and N36,000 per two seasons (US$84) for the affected planting season. The above amounts were calculated on a full replacement basis, which means that the amount paid to farmers will be enough for their livelihood for the first planting season. However, the amount is subject to review every 6 months to reflect inflation for subsequent years and to determine the amount due to each farmer. When the need to review arises this will be done accordingly before compensation is paid. Considering that the entitlement payment entails a large number of fairly small payments of about 42 US dollar payments every six months to families with 0.4ha of farmland, it is advisable to effect the payment through a suspense account opened in a commercial bank. Eligible PAPs will be paid unit by unit according to the farmer’s block in batches each day at a location to be determined by the RIC during their meeting. This location will be adequately communicated to all farmers in the scheme to guard against overcrowding. Entitlement for deceased PAPs will be paid to the applicable court of law for disbursement to the family of the deceased in line with Islamic injunction. It is recommended that the TRIMING PMU engage the services of a local bank to make compensation payments to all eligible PAPs. This bank will be recruited through a fair and transparent tender process where the best quality and best value proposal will be chosen. Any administrative or bank fees that are incurred will be borne by the TRIMING project. PAPs will receive their full compensation payment with no deduction for charges, fees or interest. The RIC should witness and closely monitor the payment process though payments will be made by the bank the process will be monitored and witnessed by the RIC. Any complaints or concerns about the process will be referred to the TRIMING grievance redress mechanism. A series of financial literacy workshops will be conducted to assist the farmers to make wise use of their compensation especially where they do not operate bank accounts. For safety of documentation, each compensated farmer’s PAP form and his/her picture shall be kept by TRIMING project account and DKIS project office. After completing payment to PAPs in each block, the commercial bank will send the list of paid PAPs to TRIMING/RIC for reconciliation. The reconciled list of paid PAPs will be signed off by RIC/TRIMING and sent back to the bank for record keeping. After conclusion of compensation payment in each block, a confirmation letter of payment of compensation to all PAPs in that block and a request for ‘no objection’ to commence work in the block will be sent to the World Bank for approval. , Particular attention will be given to payment issues involving vulnerable groups such as elderly, widows, women, people living with disabilities etc. who were identified. Upon completion of payment of compensation, a certificate of payment of each PAP will be kept by the TRIMING office and the DKIS project office. 7.5.3 Compensation Payment Arrangement and Schedule The payment process will be as follows: ➢ TRIMING/RIC pre-qualifies eligible Project Affected Persons (PAPs) by WUA for payment. ➢ Commercial bank to open an internal account tagged “TRIMING Suspense Account”. ➢ TRIMING is informed when an internal account is opened for the project. ➢ TRIMING informs World Bank of its readiness to receive the first inflow of money into the commercial bank via Central Bank of Nigeria. ➢ TRIMING transfers the amount to be disbursed to the first set of PAPs to the commercial bank. ➢ Treasury credits the internal account opened in the branch. ➢ TRIMING/RIC generates list of eligible PAPs and advice commercial bank with their corresponding cash compensation. The information on the list of eligible PAPs will include the block WUA to which the PAP belongs. ➢ TRIMING/RIC advices location of qualified PAPs. ➢ PAPs are called as per the list advised by TRIMING/RIC for collection of cash compensation accredited by TRIMING. ➢ Commercial bank makes payment at site to PAPs. 85 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme ➢ Payment to each batch of PAPs is scheduled to commence approximately 2 months before the contractor moves to site for rehabilitation of irrigation systems in identified farm locations. ➢ Each PAP details are filled on a form designed by the RIC for this project and the said PAP signs or thumb prints the form before collection of cash compensation. This will be witnessed and signed by a third party. ➢ The leader of each Unit WUA will confirm at the point of payment, that this is the correct beneficiary. ➢ At the end of each payment exercise, the commercial bank will send the list of paid beneficiaries to TRIMING/RIC. ➢ TRIMING/RIC will then undertake a reconciliation/review of those paid and where there is no issues for reconciliation, then sign the relevant page of the payment schedule and subsequent send a copy to the commercial bank for their records. ➢ TRIMING will further to completion of above, send to the World Bank a confirmation that all the members of Block WUA have been paid and a request of no-objection to start works in that Block. ➢ The WB will review the request and provide no objection where appropriate. Fig. 7.1 Flowchart for Compensation Payment Arrangements & Schedule Pre-qualification of Eligible PAPs by TRIMING/RIC Registration/Opening of “TRIMING Suspense Account” with commercial banks Communications between TRIMING & World Bank on the readiness to receive first money inflow Treasury Credits the internal account opened in the branch Advice commercial banks with information of eligible PAPs, with regards to units, block and location for payments Cash payment to PAPs at least two months before commencement of civil works Beneficiary PAPs completes form with signature/thumbprint before payments, witnessed by third party Submit list of beneficiaries to RIC to review, sign and send a copy to commercial bank for their records. 86 TRIMING shall send to World Bank confirmation of payment to PAPs and no objection for civil work at the compensated blocks Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Table 7.6 Major Component Tasks and Schedule for the RAP Implementation Activities 2020 2021 Remarks F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A MJ J A S O Disclosure of Feb 2020 RAP Inauguration Mar 2020 of RIC RIC Compiles Apr 2020 list of PAPs Disbursement May 2020 of Compensatio n Assistance. Follow up on May/June assistance to 2020 PAPs by RIC/PMU/ Mobilise to site Civil Works – Nov. 2020- May, 2021 RIC Compiles February list of PAPs 2021 Arrangements Mar 2021 for disbursement of Assistance Disbursement Mar/Apr. of 2021 Compensatio n and any other Supplementar y assistance. Follow up on May 2021 compensation payment to PAPs by RIC/PMU & Mobolisation to site Rehabilitation June- /Civil Works – October Commencem 2021 ent of project operations. Review Nov. 2021 Income Throughout Restoration project Assessment Implementa tion 87 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Fig: 7.2. Flow Chart of RAP Implementation 88 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme 7.6. Coordination with Civil Works –Principles of RAP Iimplementation The project will adhere to the following important principles in its implementation: ➢ No construction should be undertaken unless PAPs have received their resettlement entitlements in accordance with this RAP. ➢ Information sharing and consultation with PAPs will continue throughout the planning and implementation phases of the project, including the restoration of livelihoods. ➢ A completion survey of the delivery of compensation and resettlement entitlements will be undertaken as per this RAP and other relevant instrument prepared for the project. ➢ The schedule for the implementation of activities must be agreed to between the Resettlement Implementation Committee, the supervising engineer and the PAPs such as o target dates for start and completion of civil works, and o dates of possession of land that PAPs are using. 7.6.1 Green Light Conditions Green light conditions refer to the specific RAP activities that must be completed before physical works commence. They include: • Preparation of work plan based on the construction schedule given by civil works contractor for the various blocks, • Issuance of signed entitlement certificates indicating compensation amounts; and • Payment of compensation for all affected assets including annual compensation to PAPs for loss of crop production for the number of years considered for the entitlement. • Block by Block management of the resettlement activities and civil works 7.7 Prolonged Implementation Delays Delayed implementation can have some adverse effects. Prolonged moving delays from the time of project identification to actual implementation of this RAP may lead to distortion of normal household patterns (for example, lack of investment, land divestiture, or inheritance). It would be necessary to update the census surveys so as to identify for instance, children who have reached adulthood in the interim, as well as families within households who may have lost productive opportunities because of the project, but well before displacement. 89 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme CHAPTER EIGHT GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM 8.0 Introduction In every process involving many people, there is the likelihood that some persons will feel aggrieved or dissatisfied. This Chapter reflects the adoption of TRIMING’s step-by-step process considered credible for registering and addressing grievances. It provides specific details regarding a cost-free process for registering complaints, response time, and communication modes. It also describes the mechanism for appeal and the provisions for approaching civil courts if all options fail. 8.1 The Need for Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) The Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) can be described as the process by which people affected by the project can bring their grievances to the project management in a culturally appropriate manner, for consideration and redress. It is regarded as dispute resolution and conflict management mechanism and in practice, it is seen as one of the social accountability mechanisms. It is understood that effective organizational design and coordination substantially decrease the probability of problems in implementation. Nevertheless, some affected persons are still likely to believe they have been treated inadequately or unfairly. Providing an accessible and credible means for PAPs to pursue any grievances may decrease the likelihood of overt resistance to the project or of protracted judicial proceedings that can halt implementation. Specifically, the grievance resolution mechanism has the following objectives: ➢ Preventing and addressing community concerns, ➢ Providing an effective avenue for expressing concerns and achieving remedies for the communities, ➢ Promoting a mutually constructive relationship. ➢ Providing a way to reducing risk for the project, ➢ Assisting larger processes that create positive social change. The Grievance mechanisms designed herewith is aimed at solving disputes at the earliest possible time, which is in the interest of all parties concerned. It clearly discourages referring such matters to the law courts for resolution, which is time consuming. As much as possible, clear procedures for filing and resolving grievances from the affected population have been designed. During the consultations, the affected persons were helped to appreciate that there are provisions for addressing any complaints or grievances. And the grievance procedure will further be made available to the affected persons through project implementation. The mechanism provides an affordable and accessible procedure for third-party settlement of disputes arising from resettlement. This mechanism is localized as much as possible with the active involvement of the traditional rulers, local chiefs, DKIS project office, women leaders and representative of the WUA leadership. Benefits of GRM to the Project ➢ Provides information about project implementation ➢ Provides an avenue to comply with government policies ➢ Provides a forum for resolving grievances and disputes at the lowest level ➢ Resolves disputes relatively quickly before they escalate to an unmanageable level Facilitates effective communication between the project and affected persons ➢ Helps win the trust and confidence of community members in the project and creates productive relationships between the parties ➢ Ensures equitable and fair distribution of benefits, costs, and risks ➢ Mitigates or prevents adverse impacts of the project on communities and produces appropriate corrective or preventive action ➢ Helps avoid project delays and cost increases, and improves quality of work. 90 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Benefits of GRM to the stakeholder ➢ Provides a cost-effective method to report their grievances and complaints ➢ Establishes a forum and a structure to report their grievances with dignity, and access to a fair hearing and remedy ➢ Provides access to negotiate and influence decisions and policies of the project that might adversely affect them ➢ Facilitates access to information 8.2 Potential Causes of Grievances in Resettlement Without prejudice and based on past experiences, as a project that involves displacement, it is not out of place to anticipate dissatisfaction that could generate grievances. Anticipation of this will assist in the preparation of adequate response with a view to avoiding unnecessary delays in terms of time spent on dispute resolution and cost overrun of the project. The followings are areas where dispute or grievances could arise: ➢ where identity of individual is disputed; ➢ inadequate assistance or not as per entitlement matrix; ➢ dispute about ownership; ➢ delay in disbursement of assistance; ➢ Improper distribution of assistance 8.3 Grievance Redress Process There is no ideal model or one-size-fits-all approach to grievance resolution. The best solutions to conflicts are generally achieved through localized mechanisms that take account of the specific issues, cultural context, local customs and project conditions and scale. Therefore, for simplicity, accessibility, affordability, and accountability, the following components make for a good grievance mechanism: ➢ Establishment of the mechanism for hearing a complaint ➢ Receiving and registering a complaint. ➢ Screening and assessing the complaint. ➢ Formulating a response. ➢ Selecting a resolution approach. ➢ Implementing the approach. ➢ Settling the issue ➢ Announcing the result. ➢ Tracking and evaluating the results. ➢ Learning from the experience and communicate back to all parties involved. ➢ Preparing a timely report to management on the nature and resolution of grievances. As much possible, localized mechanisms that take account of the specific issues, cultural context, local customs, and project conditions and scale have been adopted for this RAP.The Grievance procedures highlighted in this Chapter fall into four steps as outlined in Table 8.1. 91 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Table 8.1: Grievance Procedures Steps Step Category Activities 1. Establishing • Choosing offices, departments where Desk are to be established Channels • Publishing the designated offices and officers responsible for • Channels for receiving grievances including in-person, suggestion Receiving box, etc Grievances 2 Reception • PAP files complaints or grievances about any aspect of the resettlement and project verbally, in writing or through a representative in English or local registration language. • The PAP first instance where to complaint is the “unit WUA”. If the Unit WUA cannot resolve the complaint, then the Unit WUA will bring it up to the block WUA. If the grievance can be solved at ‘Block WUA level”, then it stops at that level. If the grievance is not resolved at the “ Block WUA level”, then the “Social and Environmental officer” of the scheme would be notified. • Complaint recorded by the implementing agency with the name of the aggrieved person, address and location information, the nature of the grievance and the resolution desired. • Grievance made must be acknowledged within 48 hours of receipt by an official authorized to receive grievances 3 Resolution • All grievances referred to the appropriate party for resolution • Resolution must be made within 15 days after receipt of grievance. • If additional information is needed, project management can authorize additional 15 days for resolution. • Results of grievances disclosed to the aggrieved persons in writing with an explanation of the basis of the decision. • The resolution of the grievances will be handled by the “Social and Environmental officer” with the support of the rest of “RBDA Scheme Management team”, the Local Authorities and the Social Safeguards of TRIMING PMU. 4 Appeals • Aggrieved persons dissatisfied with the response to their grievance may file an appeal. • In such cases, the responsible authority assembles “the PMU” (Project Coordinator) to hear such cases including at least one disinterested party from outside the agency responsible for the resettlement project. • There will be no further redress available outside the resettlement project. In such cases, grievances would need to be pursued through the legal system. 5 Monitoring • During project implementation and for at least 3 months following the conclusion of the project, monthly reports will be prepared by the scheme safeguards officer regarding the number and nature of grievances filed and made available to project management. As the first point of call for resolving grievances, a compliant desk to collate petitions, complaints, etc. from aggrieved parties should be opened at the Dadin Kowa Irrigation project office manned by the TRIMING scheme environmental and social officer. S/He refers all the issues to the PMU safeguards team who ensures appropriate channel of resolution of such grievances are reached with a view to resolving the issues. The judicial system will be the last resort to redress the issues if informal conciliation fails. This admittedly is a costly and time-consuming procedure. Nevertheless, affected persons will be exempted from administrative and legal fees incurred pursuant to this grievance redress procedure. Besides, such grievances requiring higher level resolution will be facilitated by the scheme level safeguards officer. 92 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme 8.4 Management of Reported Grievances The procedure for managing grievances should be as follows: a. Each person responsible at its own level (unit WUA and Block WUA) should disseminate their phone number for SMS complaints. b. The TRIMING scheme level social and environmental officer will be the direct liaison with PAPs in collaboration with the WUA representative and DKIS project office to ensure to objectivity in the grievance process. c. Where the affected person is unable to write, the scheme level safeguards officer will write the note on the aggrieved person’s behalf and duly thumb printed by the complainant. Any informal grievances will also be documented 8.5 The Grievance Redress Committee The GRC is to be selected from among key stakeholders committed to the project and are disposed to treating issues promptly, ensuring fairness and justice. As the GRM is a core component of managing operational risk and improving a projects results, it can be an effective tool for early identification, assessment, and resolution of complaints on projects. When everyone understands when and how a GRM helps to improve project outcomes, both project teams and beneficiaries will be committed to use it to improve results. The Committee will include representatives from the local communities and their leaders. By hearing complaints and facilitating solutions through mediation it promotes dispute settlement in a peaceful manner thereby reducing people’s recourse to litigations which are usually costly and time consuming. The main functions of GRC shall include: • Provision of support to PAPs on problems arising out of eligibility • Record the grievances of the PAPs, and categorize, prioritize and resolve them within one month; • Inform PIU of serious cases within one week; and • Report to the parties about the developments regarding their grievances and decisions of the Triming, within one month. The committee as part of its responsibilities shall suggest corrective measures at the field level itself and fix responsibilities for implementation of its decisions. To avoid wastage of time and resources every effort has to be made to first resolve complaints received from PAPs at the field level. This will engender trust and elicit support of the affected persons. The suggested composition of the GRC is as follows: • The Emir –as Chairman of the Committee, • PAPs Representative, • TRIMING Safeguard Specialist • Community Representative • WUA Representative • Women Association Representative • Project Manager 8.6 Grievance Log and Response Time The process below refers to any grievances that were not able to be solved at Unit and Block WUA. The process of grievance redress will start with registration of the grievance/s to be addressed, for reference purposes and to enable progress updates of the cases. Thus, a Grievance Form will be filed with the “Environmental and Social Officer” by the person affected by the project. The Form/Log (Table 8.2) should contain a record of the person responsible for an individual complaint, and take appropriate records as follow: date the complaint was reported; date the Grievance Log was uploaded onto the project database; date information on proposed corrective action sent to complainant (if appropriate), the date the complaint was closed out and the date response was sent to complainant. 93 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme The Project scheme level “Social and Environmental Officer” in recording all grievances will ensure that each complaint has an individual reference number and is appropriately tracked, and recorded actions are completed. In the case of a PAP not being satisfied by the “social and environmental officer” resolution, the PAP can appeal to the PMU (Project Coordinator) that would be the last instance to take decision. Table 8.2: A Typical Reporting Format for Grievance Redress Community project & Type of Grievance Grievance Resolution Name of Complainant Affected, but Resettlemen not informed awarded are not provided impacts and Compensati Compensati on awarded inadequate on not paid acquisition referred to complaint the Court t benefits received Pending Date of options assets before about Case other Date is Unit WUA/Block WUA 1. Complainant 2. Complainant 3. Complainant TOTAL 8.7 Expectation When Grievances Arise When local people present a grievance, they generally expect to receive one or more of the following: ➢ acknowledgement of their problem, ➢ an honest response to questions/issues brought forward, ➢ an apology, ➢ adequate compensation, ➢ modification of the conduct that caused the grievance and ➢ some other fair remedies In voicing their concerns, they also expect to be heard and taken seriously. 8.8 Monitoring Complaints The Project scheme level Safeguards officer will be responsible for: ➢ providing the grievance Committee with a weekly report detailing the number and status of complaints ➢ any outstanding issues to be addressed ➢ Monthly reports, including analysis of the type of complaints, levels of complaints, actions to reduce complaints and initiator of such action. 94 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme CHAPTER NINE MONITORING AND EVALUATION 9.0 Introduction While a good institutional design makes implementation easier, effective monitoring ensures it stays on track. To establish the effectiveness of all the resettlement activities, this Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) procedures for the RAP has been designed for the Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme. 9.1 Distinction Between Monitoring and Evaluation It is important to understand the distinction between Monitoring and Evaluation as used in this RAP: • Monitoring involves periodic checking to ascertain whether activities are implemented as planned. It provides the feedback necessary for the project management to keep the programs on schedule. It also assists to identify trends, common or recurrent claims that may require structural solutions or a policy adjustment, and it enables the company to capture any lessons learned in addressing grievances. Subsequently monitoring and reporting facilitate establishment base level of information that can be used by the company to provide feedback to communities • Evaluation on the other hand is essentially a summing up, the end of the project assessment of whether those activities achieved their intended aims. Therefore, it is possible to readily identify problems and successes as early as possible. This Chapter specifies the internal/performance monitoring process, defines key monitoring indicators derived from baseline survey and provides a list of monitoring indicators that will be used for internal monitoring. In addition, it stipulates the institutional (including financial) arrangements and the frequency of reporting and content for internal and external monitoring. Furthermore, the Chapter provides the process for integrating feedback from internal and external monitoring into implementation, defines methodology for external monitoring and key indicators for external monitoring. The RAP further encourages the DKIS to proactively implement gender mainstreaming at the concept, planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation stages thereby integrating gender sensitive initiatives into all design of the project and related activities. 9.2 Purpose of Monitoring The monitoring process for the Dadin Kowa irrigation scheme will provide answers to the following question: Are project compensation, resettlement and other impact provided with mitigation measures on time and having the intended effects? The monitoring is to provide Project Management, and directly affected persons with timely, concise, indicative information on whether compensation, resettlement and other impact mitigation measures are on track to achieve sustainable restoration and improvement in the welfare of the affected people, or that adjustments are needed. Monitoring verifies that: • Actions and commitments for compensation, resettlement, land access, and development in the RAP are implemented fully and on time • Eligible project affected people receive their full compensation on time, prior to the start of the main project activities on the corridors; • RAP actions and compensation measures have helped the people who sought cash compensation in restoring their lost incomes and in sustaining/improving pre-project living standards; • Compensation and livelihood investments are achieving sustainable restoration and improvement in the welfare of Project-Affected Persons and communities • Complaints and grievances are followed up with appropriate corrective action and, where necessary, appropriate corrective actions are taken; if necessary, changes in RAP procedure are made to improve delivery of entitlements to project affected people. • Vulnerable persons are tracked and assisted as necessary 95 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme 9.3 Monitoring Framework (Internal and External) For the Dadin Kowa project implementation to succeed, effective monitoring is crucial. To ensure that the monitoring is effective, it will cover both internal (carried out by the project agency) and external (conducted by a qualified independent agency). While internal monitoring would primarily consist of a follow-up on the quantitative aspects of resettlement implementation and focus more on processes and delivery of inputs, external monitoring focuses more broadly on outputs, outcomes, and the qualitative aspects of implementation. Both internal monitoring and external monitoring cover the agreed benchmark indicators in this RAP. This requirement prevents reporting against some local guidelines or other vague standards, a practice that sometimes reduces the validity and applicability of the findings of the monitoring program. For this RAP a good-practice checklist of issues for internal and external monitoring include the following: 9.3.1 Internal Monitoring This process involves the following: ➢ Establishment of an internal monitoring unit within the PMU and which personnel may include representatives from the government agencies and other relevant agencies. The Unit communicates with field offices, and coordinates with other implementing agencies. Internal monitoring is carried out in accordance with detailed, specific terms of reference. ➢ Staff of the internal monitoring units are are kept abreast with the design of the resettlement program. ➢ Staff receives adequate training in the framework and methodology of internal monitoring. ➢ The Unit regularly receives information and data updates from field offices. ➢ The Unit ensures that Resettlement data are collected under both household and impact categories and entered into a computer to make processing easier. The internal monitoring programme will be implemented to: a. Record and assess project inputs and the number of persons affected and compensated, and b. Confirm that former subsistence levels and living standards are being re-established. Internal Monitoring will measure progress with involuntary resettlement against scheduled actions and milestones, using input and output indicators such as: ➢ establishment of required institutional structures; ➢ asset acquisition and compensation; ➢ operation of compensation, grievance and other necessary procedures; ➢ disbursement of compensation payments; ➢ usage of compensation and entitlements, including reconstruction of new residential structures; ➢ development of livelihood restoration programmes, including the re-establishment of income levels; ➢ consultation around resettlement issues; ➢ general issues relating to the adequacy of the compensation and resettlement exercise, including reported grievances; and ➢ Preparation and submission of monitoring and evaluation reports. Internal monthly monitoring reports will be compiled by the Monitoring and Evaluation Unit of UBRBDA, while formal monitoring reports will be prepared on a quarterly basis for distribution to relevant stakeholders. PMU Management team will supervise all aspects of internal M&E and provide high level evaluation of internal performance and impact monitoring and other reports. The management team will be supplemented by staff with appropriate skills to carry out: ➢ RAP project resettlement requirements as defined by this RAP; ➢ Gathering and presentation of monitoring indicators to be used; ➢ Design and implementation of basic techniques to be used for collecting information and feedback from project affected people; and Reporting requirements and formats. 96 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Regular progress reports will be prepared and submitted to PMU management by the social safeguard Officer. The internal monitoring will look at inputs, processes, and outcomes of compensation/resettlement/other impact mitigation measures. Input monitoring will establish if staff, organization, finance, equipment, supplies and other inputs are on schedule, in the requisite quantity and quality. Process monitoring will: ➢ Assess program implementation strategies and methodologies and the capacity and capability of program management personnel to effectively implement and manage the programs ➢ Document lessons learned and best practices and provide recommendations to strengthen the design and implementation of RAP ➢ Output monitoring will establish if agreed outputs are realized on time: ➢ Communication with the affected communities ➢ Agreed resettlement and compensation policy, procedures, and rates ➢ Compensation for crops, buildings, and lost business ➢ Construction and occupation of infrastructure and housing ➢ Livelihood program delivery and uptake ➢ Grievance resolution ➢ Attention to vulnerable people ➢ Outcome (or effectiveness) monitoring will determine the degree to which the program objectives and performance targets have been achieved. 9.3.2 External Monitoring/Evaluation This RAP recommends the appointment of an external monitoring agency that should be an independent third party. ➢ The external monitoring agency is identified by the appraisal stage.. ➢ The external monitor- for example, a university, research institute verifies, in the field, some of the quantitative information submitted by the internal monitoring agency. This aspect is sometimes overlooked because of the qualitative focus of external monitoring. ➢ The project resettlement unit, the Bank resettlement specialist, and the monitoring agency discuss the proposed methodology for external monitoring. A good practice is to describe the methodology in the RAP. An outline format for the external monitoring reports cover all elements of resettlement implementation. ➢ The process of reviewing external monitoring reports and factoring them into resettlement decision making is agreed to and described in the RAP. Annual External Audit This is to be carried out by an external body. The main objective of Annual External Audit is to assess, to the extent possible, implementation of the compensation and restoration of the livelihoods of PAPs. It will focus on: ➢ implementation progress; ➢ the effectiveness of compensation and resettlement policies, and of the operation of Project mechanisms such as grievance procedures; ➢ delivery of entitlements; ➢ the adequacy of compensation, and changes in livelihoods and incomes among PAPs; ➢ consultation with and participation of PAPs and other stakeholders; and ➢ Dissemination of information as an indication of the general transparency of the entire process. ➢ recommend any corrective measures that may be necessary Internal monitoring reports will be a source of information. On the other hand, External audit will be involved with impact monitoring, and requires the generation of new data to compare against baseline conditions. It is envisaged that data generation will occur at two levels: ➢ at the level of households, using quantitative (standardised) socio-economic survey instruments; and ➢ at group/community level, using qualitative (participatory) monitoring and evaluation techniques. 97 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme The Annual External Audit as the name implies would be conducted annually. It shall be undertaken by an independent agency, annually till the end of the RAP implementation. The audit will also describe any outstanding issues that require attention prior to the closing of the Project’s compensation programme for Terms of Reference for External Audit of RAP Implementation of Irrigation Project. (Appendix 7.1). However, the final External Audit is to be conducted about 4-6 months after the completion of RAP implementation. The overall aim will be to verify that compensation, land redistribution, market linkage activities have been undertaken in compliance with the objectives and principles of the RAP. The final audit will be used to: ➢ Confirm that all physical inputs specified in the RAP have been delivered; ➢ Confirm all outputs achieved under the programme; and ➢ Assess whether the outcomes of the programme have had the desired beneficial impacts. This should be seen in the eye of Compliance and Impact Monitoring. For Compliance Monitoring, the PMU will appoint a consultant to work closely with the project-affected persons to track the progress of RAP Implementation. The consultant(s) will be a person(s) with; deep experience in the conduct of resettlement, hands on experience in monitoring and evaluation, no previous involvement in this project, and proven ability to identify actions that improve implementation and mitigate negative impacts of resettlement. The role of such a consultant will facilitate process of resettlement & rehabilitation (R&R) and thus provide support in the proper implementation of resettlement program. It should also bring the difficulties faced by the PAPs to the notice of PMU to help in formulating corrective measures. As a feedback to the PMU and others concerned, the external consultant should submit quarterly report on progress made relating to different aspect of R&R. Compliance monitoring will: ➢ Determine compliance of RAP implementation with RAP objectives and procedures ➢ Determine compliance of RAP implementation with the laws, regulations and applicable ➢ Determine international best practice ➢ Determine RAP impact on standard of living, with a focus on the “no worse -off if not better off” objective ➢ Verify results of internal monitoring ➢ Assess whether resettlement objectives have been met: specifically, whether Livelihood Programs have restored the livelihoods of the project-affected persons and their living conditions have improved ➢ Assess the resettlement efficiency, effectiveness, impact and sustainability, drawing lessons for future resettlement activities and recommending corrections in the implementation process ➢ Ascertain whether the resettlement entitlements are appropriate to meet the objectives, and whether the objectives are suitable to project-affected persons conditions ➢ Assess grievance records, to identify implementation problems and status of grievance resolution ➢ Ensure RAP implementation is in compliance with World Bank policy Impact Monitoring/Concurrent evaluation will be carried out simultaneously with the monitoring. For concurrent Impact Evaluation the M&E consultant who should have resettlement and social development experience shall: ➢ Verify whether the objectives of resettlement have been realized, particularly the changes in the living standards; ➢ Impact assessments is to be compared with the baseline values for key socioeconomics as given in the RAP; ➢ To assess whether the compensation is adequate to replace the lost assets; ➢ Based on the impact assessment, suitable remedial measures are to be proposed for any shortcomings; and ➢ Remedial measures if PAPs are not able to improve their living standard. Thus, one year after the expropriation has been completed and the assistance to the PAPs has been made, there will be an impact evaluation to assess whether the PAPs have improved their living 98 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme conditions in relation with the baseline socioeconomic status established during the socioeconomic studies. Impact monitoring will cover issues such as: ➢ Public perception of the Project - judgments on PMU, Project and RAP implementation ➢ Social structures - traditional authorities, community cohesion, gender equality. ➢ Economic status of PAPs- livelihood restoration and enterprise, employment, land holdings, non- agricultural enterprise ➢ Employment - on the Project and in the impact area Table 9.1: RAP Monitoring Plan for DKIS Component Type of Source of Responsibility for Frequency/A Activity Information/Data Information/Data Data Collection, udience of Collected Collections Methods Analyses and Reporting Reporting Performance Measurement of Quarterly narrative PMU RAP team, Quarterly or Monitoring input, and outcome status and including public as required by indicators against compensation relations PMU RAP proposed timeline disbursement reports representatives management and budget, team and including World compensation Bank/IFC. disbursement Impact Tracking Annual quantitative and PMU RAP team, Annual Monitoring effectiveness of qualitative surveys. including public inputs against Regular public affairs baseline indicators meetings and other representatives Assessment of consultation with affected people’s project affected people; Panel of specialists satisfaction with review of grievance inputs, processes mechanism outputs. and outputs. Completion Measurement of External assessment PMU RAP team, On completion Audit output indicators report against timeline including public of Rap such as productivity and consultation with affairs timetable gains, livelihood affected persons representatives improvement and development Panel of specialists 9.4 Indicators to Monitor Indicators will be established for the RAP implementation and grouped into the categories as outlined in Table 9.2: 99 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Table 9.2: Categories of Indicators Indicator Activity Input indicators measure the resources (financial, physical and human) allocated for the attainment of the resettlement objectives, such as livelihood restoration goals. Output indicators measure the services/goods and activities produced by the inputs. Examples include compensation disbursements for acquired assets. Outcome measure the extent to which the outputs are indicators accessible and used, as well as how they are used. They also measure levels of satisfaction with services and activities produced by the inputs. Examples include the ways in which recipients used compensation. Although not measures of livelihood restoration in themselves, they are key determinants of well-being. Impact indicators measure the key dimensions of impacts to establish whether the goals of the RAP have been achieved. Examples are restoration and diversification of income levels and the sustainability of income- generating activities, as dimensions of livelihood restoration and well-being. Process measure and assess implementation processes. indicators Examples are the functioning of liaison/participation structures, the levels of representation of different social categories/interest groups, and the processes by which conflicts and disputes are resolved. Indicators will also be disaggregated, such as in terms of age and gender, to ensure that social variables are properly accounted for. A set of indicative Indicators are presented in Appendix 9.3. Indicators that will be monitored broadly centre around delivery of compensation, resolution of grievances, land access, increase or decrease in PAPs assets, social stability, health, level of satisfaction of project affected people and number of project affected persons that benefited from the livelihood restoration programs. Specifically, some monitoring Indicators for this RAP are outlined in Table 9.3 100 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Table 9.3: Monitoring Indicators during and after resettlement Indicator Variable Consultation Number of people reached or accessing Information, Information requests, Consultation and issues raised, etc Reach out Number of local CBOs participating Compensation and Physical Progress of compensation and assistance reestablishment Number of PAPs affected (buildings, land, trees, crops) PAPs Number of PAPs compensated by type of loss Amount compensated by type and owner Number of replacement asset recovered Compensation disbursement to the correct parties; Socio-economic Level of income and standard of living of the PAPs Changes No of income restored, improved or declined from the pre-displacement levels; Health and Physical well-being, especially women’s and children’s health status. Wellbeing “Provision of health care services, particularly for pregnant women, infants, the disabled and the elderly, where there is relocation to prevent increase in morbidity and mortality due to malnutrition, the psychological stress of being uprooted, and the increased risk of disease”. Because resettlement can be stressful for people and can have adverse consequences on nutrition, health, and even mortality rates, baseline surveys in Bank practice now include a section on the health status of DPs, for monitoring the physical repercussions of resettlement. In addition, resettlement operations usually construct infrastructure to address problems such as child malnutrition and waterborne disease. Training Number of PMU and RAP committee members trained Grievance redress No. of cases referred to GRC mechanism No. of cases settled by GRC No. of cases pending with GRC Average time taken for settlement of cases No. of GRC meetings No. of PAPs moved court No. of pending cases with the court No. of cases settled by the court Overall Effectiveness of compensation delivery system Management Timely disbursement of compensation; Census and asset verification/quantification procedures in place Co-ordination between local community structures, PAPs and SPMU As part of external monitoring, it is suggested that intermittently the representative of the PAPs, traditional rulers and community representatives are included to strengthen the entire process. Quantitative Monitoring In view of the need to assess the whether and how the project has affected PAPs and their households for better or for worse, the changing socio-economic status of affected households will be monitored over time after the rehabilitation exercise. A number of objectively verifiable (impact-related) indicators will be used, with information obtained through employing quantitative methods such as surveys. Qualitative Monitoring A community-based participatory monitoring and evaluation (PME) programme will be implemented to gauge the effectiveness of Project measures in meeting the needs of displaced households, involving affected people themselves in the collective examination and assessment of implementation processes and outcomes which is to be reported basically by the social safeguard persons of the PMU. 101 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme 9.5 Reporting RAP monitoring reports will be prepared for the following tasks: Internal monitoring, Expert monitoring, Completion audit & Compensation. PMU will use a device such as a bar chart/Gantt chart or MS Project table to assess and present information on progress of time bound actions. Performance monitoring reports for the RAP Monitoring/management team will be prepared at regular intervals (monthly), beginning with the commencement of any activities related to resettlement, including income restoration. These reports will summarize information that is collected and compiled in the quarterly narrative status and compensation disbursement reports and highlight key issues that have arisen. As a result of the monitoring of inputs, processes, outputs and outcomes of RAP activities, project management will be advised of necessary improvements in the implementation of the RAP. 9.6 Completion Audit To conduct a Completion Audit, the PMU shall commission an external party to undertake an evaluation of RAP’s physical inputs to ensure and assess whether the outcome of RAP complies with the involuntary resettlement policy of the World Bank. The exercise will be carried out after RAP inputs. The audit shall verify that all physical inputs committed in the RAP have been delivered and all services provided. It shall evaluate whether the mitigation measures prescribed in the RAP have the desired effect. 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Nigerian Background Information • Lagos State Government Lagos Metropolitan Area Transport Authority (LAMATA) (2009): Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) Towards The Preparation For LUTP II, Prepared by Multiple Development Services, June. • Lagos State Government (2005): Resettlement Policy Framework for Lagos Metropolitan Development Project (LMDP) prepared by EnvironQuest, May • Lloyd-Jones, T (2011): Analysis of Economic Development in Kaduna State and City, Working Paper - Economic development in Kaduna State and City 170211V3.docx 3, 17th February • National Disaster Management Authority (2009): Environment and Social Management Framework for the National Cyclone Risk Management Project, March • Newmont (2010): Resettlement Action Plan Akyem Project Birim North Eastern Region Ghana, September • The Government of Rwanda, Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources (MINAGRI) (2009): Resettlement Policy Framework for Land Husbandry, Water Harvesting and Hillside Irrigation (LWH) Project, Prepared by Green & Clean Solutions Ltd, July • The World Bank (2010): Resettlement Policy Framework for State Expenditure Effectiveness for Opportunities and Results (SEEFOR) for Niger Delta States (Bayelsa, Delta, Edo and Rivers) Prepared by Eugene O. Itua • Certo & Certo (2007). Modern Management (10th ed.). Pearson. • Figge, F.; Schaltegger, S (..).: What is Stakeholder Value? Developing a Catchphrase into a Benchmarking Tool. Lüneburg/Geneva/Paris: University of Lüneburg/Pictet/ in association with United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), 2000 CSM Lüneburg • Freeman, R. Edward; Reed, David L (...): Stockholders and Stakeholders: A new perspective on Corporate Governance in California Management Review, Spring83, Vol. 25 Issue 3, p88-106 103 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme • Grimble, R and Wellard, K 1997, "Stakeholder methodologies in natural resource management. A review of principles, contexts, experiences and opportunities," Agricultural Systems Journal 55(2): 173-193 • Henisz, W. J. Deloitte &Touche Associate, Dorobantu, S. and Nartey, L. (2011): Spinning Gold: The Financial Returns to External Stakeholder Engagement . • Ketchen R. (2011): Stakeholder engagement improves valuation: study in Communications, Corporate Governance, IR Newson August 4, • James (2002). Redefining the Corporation: Stakeholder Management and Organizational Wealth. Stanford University Press. Retrieved 2009-01-29 • Public Participation Guidelines for Stakeholders in the Mining Industry. First Edition, 2002. Coordinated by the Consultative Forum on Mining and the Environment. Published by the Chamber of Mines of South Africa. • Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) 2013, Prepared for Transforming Irrigation Management in Nigeria (TRIMING) project-P123112. • Project Appraisal Document- Transforming Irrigation Management in Nigeria (TRIMING) Project PAD1001- May 2014 • Marshalltown.Shiller R. (2003), “From Efficient Markets Theory to Behavioral Finance”, Journal of Economic Perspectives, vol. 17, n. 1, • http://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/stakeholder.asp • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stakeholder_(corporate) • http://(www.icra-edu.org • EUGENE O. ITUA (2012): STAKEHOLDERS AND RESPONSIBILITY SHARING IN NIGERIAN MINING SECTOR PRESENTED AT OAU - FRANKFURT WORKSHOP, INSTITUTE OF ECOLOGY, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, ON ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF MINING AND STANDARDS MONITORING FOR MINERAL EXTRACTION IN NIGERIA • Accountability & Business for Social Responsibility (2004): Business & Economic Development Mining Sector Report, December, • The Inter organizational Committee on Guidelines and Principles for Social Impact Assessment (1994): Guidelines and Principles for Social Impact Assessment, US. Dep. Commer., NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-F/SPO-16 , May • Federal Ministry of Water Resources & FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS (2004): Review of The Public Irrigation Sector In Nigeria (ROSPIN) Draft Status Report - Rev 1 Prepared by ENPLAN GROUP, October, 2013 • Good Practices in Latin America and the Caribbean: Rights and Participation – Citizen Involvement in Projects Supported by the World Bank. August 2008. V.2 Number 1. p.3). 2. • International Finance Corporation (1998): Doing Better Business Through E ffective Public Consultation and Disclosure, A Good 104 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Appendix 1.0 Passport Tag No…… DADIN KOWA RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN – PAPs Information Form Name: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. Address (residential): ……………………………………………………………………………………… Age: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. Gender: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………... Marital Status: ………………………………………………………………………………………………... Tel. No.: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….... Occupation: …………………………………………………………………………………………………... Affected property/ Assets…………………………………………………………………………………… Size of Affected Asset (Ha):.……………………………………………………………………………….... Location: …………………………………………………………………………………………………............ LGA: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. Compensation sum received (in words): …………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………….. ( N………………………) Form of Identification: ……………………………………………………… (ID N0……………………….) Next of Kin………………………………………………………………Phone………………………………. Beneficiary Chairman WUA Traditional Ruler Project Manager Chairman RIC TRIMING Auditor 105 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Appendix 6.1: Outline of Consultations S/ Community/organization/Ass Contact Venue Purpose of Meeting Date Phone N ociation number 1 Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme The Project UBRBDA To inform about the RAP exercise, 29th 07064601036 (DKIS), Upper Benue River Manager Office identification of the organisation as a key November Basin Development Association (Engr.Cale stakeholder and invitation to the public forum 2018 (UBRBDA) b T.Tyownal) 2 Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme The Project UBRBDA To plan for the organization of the 30th 07064601036 (DKIS), Upper Benue River Manager Office stakeholder’s public forum November Basin Development Association and Team 2018 (UBRBDA) 3 Emir of Yemaltu H.R.H Emir’s Palace To inform about the RAP exercise, 30th 08107873479 Abdulwaha identification of the traditional rulership November b Umar institution as a key stakeholder and invitation 2018 to the public forum 4. District 4 Head, Hinna Alh. Palace of the To inform about the RAP exercise, 30th 07032520202 4 Abubakar District head identification of the traditional rulership November Aliyu (Hinna0 institution as a key stakeholder and invitation 2018 to the public forum 5. Water 5 Users Association (Dadin Idris k. Water Users To inform about the RAP exercise, 1st 08134064046 Kowa) (Apex) Shehu Association identification of the association as a major December office stakeholder and invitation to the public forum 2018 6. Water Users Association (Dadin Water Users To inform about the RAP exercise, 1st Kowa). Women’s’ Wing Association identification of the association as a major December office stakeholder and invitation to the public forum 2018 7. Savannah Integrated Farms Nasiru Savannah To inform about the RAP exercise, 1st 08032886973 Limited (Borno State) Umar Integrated identification of the company as a key December Farms Limited stakeholder and invitation to the public forum 2018 Premises and also seek their cooperation in reaching out to the farmers in their area. 8. Dadin Kowa Divisional Police ASP Dadin kowa To inform about the RAP exercise, 3rd 08123434523 Headquarters Mohamme Divisional identification of the security agency as a December d Usman Police stakeholder, invitation to the public forum and 2018 Headquarters seeking their support in ensuring a peaceful environment for the project implementation. 9. The Provost, College of Prof. College of To inform about the RAP exercise, 3rd 08035723799 Horticulture (Dadin Kowa) Fatima B.J. Horticulture identification of the educational institution as a December Sawa (Dadin Kowa) stakeholder and invitation to the public forum 2018 and seek their cooperation in reaching out to 106 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme S/ Community/organization/Ass Contact Venue Purpose of Meeting Date Phone N ociation number the farmers in their area 10. Yemaltu Deba Local Ababi Yemaltu Deba To inform about the RAP exercise, 3rd 08067558194 Government Chairman Saleh local identification of the local government as a December government stakeholder and invitation to the public forum. 2018 area office As a key stakeholder, the support of the Local Government is needed for the implementation of the project. 11. Briyel-Bayo Divisional Police SP Divisional To inform about the RAP exercise, 3rd 08036705249 Headquarters Matthew Police Hqrs, identification of the security agency as a December Zida Borno stakeholder and invitation to the public forum 2018 as well as seek their support in ensuring a peaceful environment for the project implementation 12. Bayo Local Government Hussaini B. Bayo Local To inform about the RAP exercise, 3rd 07087930858 Chairman Umar government identification of the local government as a December office stakeholder and invitation to the public forum. 2018 As a key stakeholder, the support of the Local Government is needed for the implementation of the project. 13. District Head, Biryel, Bayo LGA Alh. Palace of the To inform about the RAP exercise, 3rd 0 District head identification of the traditional institution as a December (Biryel) stakeholder and invitation to the public forum 2018 14. Members of Dadin Kowa Garba Dadin kowa Brief on the general layout of the proposed 5th 08086226965 Fishermen Association Kattekat Fishermen intervention work and clarifications for December Chairmen proposed rehabilitation and invitation to the 2018 leadance public forum. 15. Members and Leaders of Sarki Residence of To inform about the RAP exercise, 5th Miyetti Allah association of Fulani the local identification of the association as a December Cattle herders Dabo Chairman of stakeholder and invitation to the public forum. 2018 Miyetti Allah As a key stakeholder, the association has a major role to play toward the smooth implementation of the project. 16. PAPs, UBRBDA, Traditional UBRBDA Public forum to inform stakeholders of the 11th Rulers, Community Leaders, project and the RAP study which would December NGOs, Security Agents & Other involve enumeration survey and seek their , 2018 Stakeholders buy in to the project thus making the exercise hitch free 107 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme S/ Community/organization/Ass Contact Venue Purpose of Meeting Date Phone N ociation number TRIMING Dadin Kowa Irrigation 17. Musa UBRBDA Briefing and planning for the Public Forum January 08103368381 Scheme level safeguard Chiroma Dadin Kowa 2019 Office 18. Progress FM News/Com Progress FM Io inform of the RAP exercise and seek the 4th mercial station, Gombe support in creating awareness about the December project as a whole and the public forum in , 2018 particular Civil Defence force 19. Dadin Kowa To inform about the RAP exercise, identification of the agency as stakeholders and invitation to the public forum. Also, to seek their cooperation in ensure a secure environment for the implementation of the project. 20. Youth Tree planting Association Musa Gombe Jewell To inform about the RAP exercise, 7th (NGO) Adamu Suites identification of the association as a December Haruna stakeholder and invitation to the public forum. , 2018 21. Jewell Environmental Initiative Founder/C Gombe Jewell To inform about the RAP exercise, 7th 08034136828 (NGO) oordinator Suites identification of the association as December stakeholders and invitation to the public , 2018 forum. 22. FAIDA Women Cooperative Secretary Dadin Kowa To inform about the RAP exercise, 4th 08067570161 Association (Dadin Kowa) identification of the association as December (NGO) stakeholders and invitation to the public forum , 2018 as well as seek their cooperation in ensuring women’s active participation Village Head, Jangerigeri 23. Traditional Jangerigeri, To inform about the RAP exercise, December Head and Gombe identification of the traditional institution as a 20, 2018 Members stakeholder and invitation to the public forum & January 25, 2019 Village Head, Jauro Shehu 24. Traditional Jauro shehu, To inform about the RAP exercise, December Head and Bayo LGA, identification of the traditional institution as a 21, 2018 Members Borno State stakeholder and invitation to the public forum & January 26 2019 Village Head, Jauro Ganga 25. Traditional Jauro Shehu, To inform about the RAP exercise, December Head and Bayo LGA, identification of the traditional institution as a 18, 2018 Members Borno State stakeholder and invitation to the public forum & January 29, 2019 108 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme DKIS RAP STAKEHOLDERS CONSULTATION Meeting at Upper Benue River Basin Authority - DKIS Office, Dadin Kowa, Gombe State Meeting at the Emir of Yamaltu Palace, Dadin Kowa 109 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Meeting at the Palace of the District Head of Hakimin Hinna (Santurakin Yamaltu) Alh. Abubakar Aliyu Meeting at the Palace of the District Head of Bayo, Borno State 110 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Meeting with WUA in Dadin Kowa 111 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme Meeting at Savanah Integrated Farms. Borno State with the Farm Manager General Stakeholders’ Forum Bayo Market 112 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme The Dadin Kowa Dam 113 Resettlement Action Plan for Dadin Kowa Irrigation Scheme PLEASE OTHER REFERED APPENDICES IN THE REPORT ARE CONTAINED IN A SEPARATE DOCUMENT 114