36821


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                                 esckþIsegçbénkic©snüaGgÁkarBaNiC¢kmµBiPBelak-WTO rbs;km<úCa1

                                        RBHraCaNacRkkm<úCa)ankøayeTACasmaCikGgÁkarBaNiC¢kmµBiPBelak-WTO enAéf¶TI 13-tula-2004
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edaHRsayvivaTmYyEdlmanGMNacpøÚvc,ab; nigpøÚvBaNiC¢kmµsmRsb .
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bnþicmþg² .                                                                                RBwtiþbRt½enH RtUv)ane)aHBum<eLIgedaymankar]btmÖBI
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TMnak;TMngEbbkic©snüaRsbc,ab;CamYynwgRbeTsesÞIrEt TaMgGs; EdlCaGñk                         (MPDF)     EdlCasßab½nBhuCMnYyRKb;RKgedaysaCIvkmµ
                                                                                           hirBaØvtßúGnþrCati        EdlCaEpñkÉkCnénRkumFnaKar
eFVIBaNiC¢kmµd¾sMxan;². vapþl;mknUvkarykcitþ Tukdak;d¾Cak;lak; nigGacrMBwg                                     (IFC)
                                                                                           BiPBelak.
                                                                                           mti b¤eyabl;TaMgLayEdlcuHpSayenAkñúgRBwtiþbR½tenH min
1      drabNaKµankarsMKal;epSgeTot Bt'manenAkñúgRBwtþibRtenH rYmTaMgsßiti esckþIsnñidæan   tMNag[TsSn³CapøÚvkar rbs;GgÁkarkmµviFIGPivDÆn_vis½y
       nigGnusasn_TaMgLay suT§EtdkRsg;ykecjmkBIkarENnaMGMBIGgÁkarBaNiC¢kmµBiPBelak
       sMrab;GaCIvkmµenAkm<úCarbs; kmµviFIGPivDÆn_vis½yÉkCntMbn;TenøemKgÁ-MPDF,            ÉkCntMbn;TenøemKgÁ b¤     (IFC)  eT vaRKan;Etpþl;CaBt'man
                                                                                (2005).    eyagbEnßmEtb:ueNÑaH.
2      GgÁkarBaNiC¢kmµBiPBelak-WTO,       www.wto.org    TTYl)anenAéf¶TI 30-mkra-2005.

 TukCamun)ancMeBaHplitpl nigesvaTaMgLayrbs;km<úCaenAkñúg        nwgkarrIkcMerInrbs;bNþaRbeTsenAkñúg nigeRkAtMbn;GasIu . semþc
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         RbeTskm<úCa)anb:unb:gcUlGgÁkarBaNiC¢kmµBiPBelak-WTO cakecjBIPaBRkIRk .
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 edayeBjsiT§i karEklMGbriyakasvinieyaKkñúgRbeTs edaysar         2>        kic©snüa ³ etIkm<úCa)aneFVIsm,TanGVIxøH?
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 BaNiC¢kmµBiPBelak-WTO. TImYy smaCikPaBkñúgGgÁkar               viFancMnYnbYnvis½y eBalKWbriyakasTUeTAénGaCIvkmµ BaNiC¢kmµ
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 eTAeTot km<úCaGackarBarCMnYjnanarbs;eK edayCYykMNt;             BaNiC¢kmµ kar)at;bg;smtßPaBsgbMNul nigkarRbkYtRbECgKña .
 GnaKt{viFannanaénCMnYj} EdlmanlkçN³GnueRKaHcMeBaHxøÜneK .       c,ab; TaMgenaHPaKeRcIn KYrEtRtUv)anGnum½tnaedImqñaM 2006 .
         TIBIr sMrab;GñkkMENTRmg;km<úCaTaMgLay dMeNIrkarcUl
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 km<úCaGacrIkcMerIn)anxagesdækic© neya)ay nigsgÁm RsbCamYy       BaNiC¢kmµqøgRBMEdnénTMnijTaMgLay . maRtaxøHmansar³sMxan;

2

sMrab;BaNiC¢krkm<úCaEdlnaMTMnijecjeTAbreTs ehIymaRtaxøH          nig 2¦ GRtaGnuvtþ CaGRtaEdlbc©úb,nñkm<úCakMBugykBn§elITMnij
eTotTak;TgnwgBaNiC¢krEdlnaMTMnijcUlmkkñúgRbeTs . manmaRta        naMcUl.
cMnYnbI Edlnwgman\T§iBleTAelIkarnaMTMnijcUlenAtamRBMEdn³                 CaTUeTA PaBxusKñaénGRtaGnuvtþ nigGRtakMhiténrcnasm<½n§
karkMNt;tMélBn§Ky karpþl;GaCJab½NÑnaMcUl nigkarRtYtBinitü        taragBn§rbs;km<úCamanTMhMtUc EtmankrNIelIkElgcMeBaH
TMnijmuneBlpÞúk-PSI minRtUv)anBiPakSaeTeRBaHenAeBlGnaKt          plitplmYycMnYntUc dUckarbgðajkñúgtaragTI 1 . xageRkamenH
rdæaPi)alnwglb;bM)at;enAeBlEdlsmtßPaBBn§KyRtUv)anEklMG .         Ca]TahrN_xøH²énGRtaBn§kMhit nigGRtaBn§Gnuvtþrbs;km<úCasMrab;
enATIenH eyIgnwgBinitüemIlbBaðaBIrxagedImeRBaHtamCak;Esþg        plitplCatYy:agmYycMnYn.
rdæaPi)alnwgRtUvelIkElgkarRtYtBinitüTMnijmuneBlpÞúkenAeBlEdl
smtßPaBrbs;naykdæanKyRtUv)anelIkkMBs; .                             taragTI 1 ³ GRtakMhit nigGRtaGnuvtþénBn§naMcUl eTAelI
                                                                    TMnijmYycMnYn
k>      karkMNt;tMélBn§Ky                                           plitpl                         GRtakMhit*             GRtaGnuvtþ
        RbeTskm<úCa)ansnüaRbtibtþitamkic©snüaénkarkMNt;             RsUv¼Ggár                      40°                    7°
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2009 teTA . kic©snüaenaH)ankMNt;fa tMélKitBn§KyKYrEtCa              EpøsVay                        40°                    7°
tMélkic©karCMnYj ¬CatMélEdlGñknaMTMnijcUl)anbg;¦       Edlman       C½rekAs`U                      15°                    10°
bBa¢ak;enAelIvik½yb½Rt KWBMuEmntMélGtibrma b¤tMélsib,nimitþEdleK    RtI                            15° - 40°              15° b¤ 35°
kMBugGnuvtþsBVéf¶enHeT . Rbkard¾sMxan;mYyénkic©snüaenHKW            sréssURt                       7°                     7°
karTamTarfa karRtYtBinitüRtUvEtmantmøaPaB nigGacrMBwgTukCamun      *min)anKitcUl GRtaGakrelItMélbEnßm-VAT EdlesµInwg 10° eT.
)an . eRkABIenH GñknaMTMnijcUlmansiT§ibþwg]T§rN_cMeBaHkarkMNt;     RbPB ³ km<úCa nigGgÁkarBaNiC¢kmµBiPBelak ³ esovePAmKÁeTsk_sMrab;GaCIvkmµ .
                                                                   RksYgBaNiC¢kmµ nig  MPDF (2005)
tMélBn§KyedayKµankarP½yxøacGMBIkarBin½y .                          Cambodia's Good Schedules (http://www.wto.org/english/
                                                                   thewto_e/countries_e/cambodia_e.htm)
naykdæanKyRbtibtþirebobkMNt;tMélBn§BIr           kñúgkarKNna       RksYgesdækic© nighirBaØvtßú RBHraCaNacRkkm<úCa ¬2004¦.
tMélKitBn§elIkarnaMecj nigkar naMcUlTMnij. rebobTImYyTak;Tg        taragBn§KyénRbeTskm<úCa.
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rebobTIBIrTak;TgnwgkarkMNt;Camunrbs;RksYgesdækic© nighirBaØvtßú  nig 35°¦ . cMENkÉGRtaBn§ 40°/ 50°/ 90° nig 120°
EdlCatMélGb,brma b¤efréntMélKitBn§elIplitplmYycMnYn              RtUveK lubecalTaMgRsug.
EdlRtUv eRbIeday SGS nigPñak;garKy. Bn§Ky Bn§Gakr nigGakr                RbeTskm<úCa)ansMerceRCIserIsykrbbesrIbgÁÜr ehIy
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TaMgenaH . cMeBaHplitplmYycMnYn       SGS    )anTamTareRbItMél   WTO     )ancab;epþImeFVIkMENTRmg;taragBn§naMcUl. karenH)anbnßy
Gb,brmakMNt;Camun kñúgkrNIEdltMélkMNt;CamunenaHx<s;Cag           cMnYnGRtaBn§BI 12 kMritmk 4 kMrit. dUcenH eRkayBIEkTRmg;rYc
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Ék]tþm hg; CYnNar:un GKÁelxaFikar RksYgesdækic© nighirBaØvtßú    edIm,IqøgdMNak;beNþaHGasnñkñúgeBlerobcMxøÜneLIgvij.
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                                                                                                                                              3

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  Bn§Ky[enATabCagkMritGRtaBn§ Edl)ankMNt;edaykMENTRmg;               suxaPi)alnwgTTYl)anplRbeyaCn_y:agRbtükS ehIyGgÁkar
  BaNiC¢kmµCaÉketþaPaKI eRcInb:unµaneT.                              BaNiC¢kmµBiPBelaknwgCYynaMmknUvplviC¢mancMeBaHvis½ysuxPaB
  Ék]tþm suk sIupan;Na rdæelxaFikar RksYgBaNiC¢kmµ                   saFarN³ .       eRkABIenH maRtananaénkic©RBmeRBogsþIBIbBaðakmµsiT§i
                                                                     bBaØaTak;TgnwgBaNiC¢kmµ k¾GacCYysRmYldl;karepÞrbec©kviTüa nig
  x> karpþl;GaCJabNÑnaMcUl                                           karTak;TajkarvinieyaKpÞal;BIbreTskan;EteRcInmkkñúg]sSahkmµ
       GgÁkarBaNiC¢kmµBiPBelak)anGnuBaØat[mankarpþl;GaCJab½NÑ        »sf . RbkarenHnwgCYybMpuskMeNInénEpñkpÁt;pÁg;EdlCavi)aknwg
  naMcUl b:uEnþRtUvsßitenAeRkamlkçxNÐénkarecj[d¾twgrwug. km<úCa      bnÞabtMél»sf nigeFVI[GñkeRbIR)as;RkIRkmanlT§PaBeRcInCamun .
  rkSasiT§iecjGaCJabNÑnaMcUlsMrab;plitplR)aMCMBUk . RbkarEdl         elak suk hac naykviTüasßanesdækic©énkm<úCa
  esdækic©km<úCacab;GarmµN_CaBiessenaHman »sf nigeRKOgbrikçar
  eBTü nigmeFüa)ayplitkmµksikmµ. eTaHCay:agNak¾eday                  2>1>3 niytkmµénBaNiC¢kmµesva
  km<úCa)anebþCJalubbM)at;karkMhitbrimaNeTAelIkarnaMcUlmeFüa)ay              plvi)akénkic©RBmeRBogTUeTAsþIBIBaNiC¢kmµesva-GATS
  plitkmµksikmµcab;BIéf¶TI 01-mifuna-2005 eTA. cMNat;fañk;           rbs;GgÁkarBaNiC¢kmµBiPBelak-WTO KWTak;TgnwgkarvinieyaK
  epSg²eTotmanGavuFCatipÞúHRKab;eMesvyanCMniHynþehaH nigeRKOg        eRBaHviFanTaMgLayEdlRKbdNþb;elIesvasuT§EtniyayGMBI
  bnøas;nava nigeRKOgcRksMrab;cM)aMg masR)ak;t,Úgfµmantémø nigvtßú   karvinieyaK esÞIrEtTaMgRsug. kñúgkic©RBmeRBogenaHmankatBVkic©
  EdleFIVBIFatuTaMgenH .                                             mYycMnYn EdlsmaCikTaMgGs;RtUvEtTTYlyk. tamFmµta RbeTs
                                                                     TaMgLayTTYlykEtkatBVkic©NaEdleKcg;)an ehIyeKR)afñacg;
  2>1>2 viFansþIBIkic©karBarkmµsiT§ibBaØa                            cab;epþImenAkñúgEpñkesva. eTaHy:agenHkþI Epñkesvarbs;km<úCaman
         eKeXIjmanninñakarfa TMnij nigesvaTaMgLayEdleK)aneFVI        lkçN³cMhy:agTUlay fVIebICaTUeTA Gnuvis½ynanaenAman
  BaNiC¢kmµenAkñúgBiPBelak KWCakarbegáItKMnit nigcMeNHdwg. edIm,I    karsÞak;esÞIr nigmanlkçxNÐkMNt;epSg² .
  bMpuskarrkeXIjfµI²eTot eK)anpþl;siT§iTTYl)anplRbeyaCn_BI                   kñúgnamCaeKalkarN_mYyrbs;GgÁkarBaNiC¢kmµBiPBelak-
  karrkeXIjTaMgLayeTA[GñkRsavRCav nigGacTb;sáat;GñkdéTmin            WTO     kic©RBmeRBogTUeTAsþIBIBaNiC¢kmµesva-GATS TamTar[
  [TajykRbeyaCn_BIkarrkeXIjenaHeT. siT§ienHRtUvTTYl)an               RbeTsTaMgLay FanatmøaPaBénviFanTak;Tgnwgesva RBmTaMgKµan
  karkarBaredayc,ab;ehIyRtUv)aneKehAfaCakmµsiT§ibBaØa . kic©         karerIseGIgenAkñúgcMeNamGñkpþl;esvaBIbreTs .
  RBmeRBogénGgÁkarBaNiC¢kmµBiPBelak sþIBIbBaðakmµsiT§ibBaØa                  edayehtufa kic©RBmeRBogTUeTAsþIBIBaNiC¢kmµesva-GATS
  Tak;TgnwgBaNiC¢kmµ-TRIPS )anTamTar[smaCikTaMgLayeKarB              niyayeRcInGMBIkarvinieyaK RbeTskm<úCaRtUvEtsRmbtamvis½y
  tamsþg;daGnþrCatikñúgkMritGb,brmasMrab;kic©karBar):atg;/ c,ab;     TaMgLayenAkñúgkic©RBmeRBogénGgÁkarBaNiC¢kmµBiPBelak-
  rkSasiT§i BaNiC¢sBaØa karrcnaEbb]sSahkmµ KMeragkarénesoKVI         WTO     sþIGMBIviFankarvinieyaKTak;TgnwgBaNiC¢kmµ-TRIMS.
  ]sSahkmµ Gaf'kM)aMgénBt'manGaCIvkmµ nigkarcg¥úlbgðaj               RbkarenHraraMgTmøab;elIkTwkcitþdl;karvinieyaKTaMgLayNaEdl
  PUmisa®sþ. RbeTskm<úCa)anebþCJacitþRbtibtþiTaMgRsugtamkic©         Gac eFVI[xUckarRbkYtRbECgGnþrCati . Ca]TahrN_ RtUvhamXat;
  RBmeRBogsþIBIbBaðakmµsiT§ibBaØaTak;TgnwgBaNiC¢kmµµ cab;BIéf¶TI 01- cMeBaHeRKOgelIkTwkcitþnana [eRbImeFüa)ayplitkmµkñúgRsuk .
  mkra-2007 eTA.                                                             kñúgn½yCalT§PaBcUleTAkan;TIpSaresva km<úCa)anRbkan;yk
         kic©RBmeRBogsþIBIbBaðakmµsiT§ibBaØaTak;TgnwgBaNiC¢kmµ-      CMhresrI edaysVaKmn_karvinieyaKBIbreTs elIkElgEtvis½yYycMnYn
  TRIPS     nwgman\T§iBleTAelIkarGPivDÆ ]sSahkmµrbs;km<úCa           tUcEdlGacKMramkMEhgdl;karécñRbDitkñúgRbeTs. RkumGñkcrca)an
  CaBiess ]sSahkmµ»sfEdleTIbnwgcab;kMeNIt ehIykarrIkcMerIn           epþateTAelIvis½ynanaEdlpþl;viPaKTaneRcInCageK cMeBaHbriyakas
  rbs;vaGaRs½yCaxøaMgnwgkMENTRmg;rcnasm<½n§ry³eBlEvgenA              énkarvinieyaKedayEklMGesvananaEdlGaCIvkmµRtUvkar. Ca
  kñúgRbeTs .                                                        ]TahrN_ km<úCa)ansMerccitþGnuBaØat[Rkumh`unbreTsRbtibtþikar
         eyagtamkarTamTarrbs;GgÁkarBaNiC¢kmµBiPBelak-WTO             kñúgvis½yesvac,ab; ¬CamYynwgkarelIkElgxøH²¦ KNenyü svnkmµ
  km<úCa)anbegáItc,ab;kmµsiT§bBaØafñak;CatiEdlRsbtam kic©RBmeRBog    karcuHbBa¢I FnaKar karRbwkSaeyabl;EpñkRKb;RKg TUrKmnaKmn_
  sþIBIbBaðakmµsiT§ibBaØaTak;TgnwgBaNiC¢kmµ-TRIPS. ebIsinCaeK        nigkardwkCBa¢Ún. eRkABIenH km<úCa)antaMgcitþeFVIkarkñúgvis½yTaMgLay

4

EdlnwgCYyBlrdækm<úCaGPivDÆCMnajcaM)ac;nanasMrab;esdækic©TMenIb         RbkYtRbECg nigEsVgrkeCaKC½y.
mansmtßPaBRbkYtRbECg. edayehtuenH eK)ansMerccitþGnuBaØat
[Rkumh`unbreTspþl;esvaGb;rMfñak;]tþm nigkarGb;rMsMrab;mnusSFM.         3>2 sm<aFénkarRbkYtRbECgBIkarnaMcUlTaMgLay
km<úCak¾)ansMerccitþpgEdr eFVIkarkñúgvis½y EdleKyl;faGacnwgrYm                smaCikPaBkñúgGgÁkarBaNiC¢kmµBiPBelak-WTO Gacmin
viPaKTandl;karEfTaMsuxPaB nigkñúgkarpþl;esvaGnam½y esvasMram           pþl;plpÞal; eFVI[karRbkYtRbECgenAkñúgRbeTsekIneLIgeT.
nigTwkkxVk; edayEp¥kelImUldæanfavtþmanbreTsenAkñúg skmµPaB             kñúgdMeNIrkarcUlCasmaCikGgÁkarBaNiC¢kmµBiPBelak km<úCa)an
TaMgenHGacpþl;viPaKTandl;karEklMG suxPaBsaFarN³.                       EkTRmg;rcnasm<½n§Bn§naMcUlrbs;xøÜnrYcehIy. tamkarelIkeLIg
Ék]tþm suk sIupan;Na rdæelxaFikar RksYgBaNiC¢kmµ                       xagelI karEkTRmg;TaMgenaH)anbnßykMritmFüménBn§elITMnijnaM
        karcUlGgÁkarBaNiC¢kmµBiPBelak-WTO nwgCUyBRgIk                  cUlBI 17/4° mk 16/5° RBmTaMg)anbnßycMnYnRbePTBn§KyBI
karvinieyaKBIbreTsenAkñúgvis½yFnaKar naMmknUvesvahirBaØvtßúfµI² edIm,I 12 kMrit eTACa 4 kMrit. karebþCJacitþTak;TgnwgBn§KyEdlkm<úCa)an
CYyBRgwgskmµPaBFnaKar begáItkEnøgeFVIkarfµIsMrab;nisSiteTIbnwg         snüa KWeFVI[vaenARtwmkMritenH b¤mYyx<s;CagenH. edaysarehtuenH
bBa©b;karsikSa nigrYmviPaKTankñúgkMeNInplitplsrubkñúgRbeTs-            \T§iBlpÞal;Cak;EsþgénkarcUlGgÁkarBaNiC¢kmµBiPBelak eTAelI
                                                                       Bn§KymanTMhMtUcCaGb,brma. CaeRcInqñaMknøgmkenH Rkumh`unkñúg
GDP     EdlCaEpñkmYyényuT§sa®sþrbs;rdæaPi)alsMrab;kat;bnßyPaB
RkIRk. eRkABIenH GgÁkarBaNiC¢kmµBiPBelaknwgCYybegáInCMenOTukcitþ       RbeTsTaMgLay )anTTYlrg\T§iBlnanaEdlCaplénkarRbkYt
BIsMNak;saFarNCncMeBaHEpñkFnaKar nigR)ak;erol. CMenOTukcitþenH         RbECgrbs;kMENTRmg;Bn§KyrYceTAehIy. k¾b:uEnþ Rkumh`unCaeRcIn
nwgCYyraCrdæaPi)alkm<úCa kñúgkarsMercyuT§sa®sþdkRbCaRbiyPaB            eTotnwgbnþTTYlrgsm<aFénkMeNInkarRbkYtRbECgenAeBlEdl
R)ak;duløa ¬lb;bM)at;kareRbIR)as;R)ak;duløakñúgTIpSarkñúgRsuk¦ .       esdækic©km<úCargkarEkTRmg; nigbnþebIkcMh.
        eTaHy:agNak¾eday GgÁkarBaNiC¢kmµBiPBelaknwgnaMmknUv                   kic©RBmeRBogGgÁkarBaNiC¢kmµBiPBelak GnuBaØat[man
karRbkYtRbECgsMrab;FnaKarkñúgRbeTs eRBaHBYkeKxVHsmtßPaB                FnFanmYycMnYnsMrab;kat;bnßyTMgn;énkarRbkYtRbECgEdlb:HTgÁic
xVHmUlFn nigbec©keTsCMnajEdlcaM)ac; . RbkarTaMgenaHeFVI[               plitkrkñúgRbeTs. RbkarenHrYmmankarRbqaMgnwgkarlk;bgçÚcéfø
BYkeKCYbkarlM)akkñúgkarRbkYtRbECg.                                     karCYybMeBjxat nigviFankarkarBarnana. k¾b:uEnþ lkçxNÐnana
        FnaKarCatiénkm<úCa )anebIkcMh]sSahkmµFnaKary:agTUlay           énkic©karBarEpñkc,ab;enH RtUvEtCak;lak; ehIyeKRtUvGnuvtþviFan
edaymin)ankMNt;karEbgEck b¤skmµPaBkarBary:agNamYyeLIy.                 enHy:agRbugRby½tñ. CaBiess rdæaPi)alRtUvbgðajPsþútagfa karnaM
TnÞwmnwgkarxMRbwgERbgBRgwgesvaFnaKar FnaKarCatiénkm<úCak¾)aneFVI       cUlNamYyenaH )anbgákarxUcxatdl;Rkumh`unkñúgRbeTsBitEmn.
karsikSaRsavRCavpgEdr RBmTaMgRbtibtþic,ab; nigviFannanaTak;Tgnwg              GgÁkarBaNiC¢kmµBiPBelak-WTO nwgnaMkarRbkYtRbECgmk
EpñkFnaKar. FnaKarCatikm<úCak¾)ancUlrYmpgEdrkñúgkarerobcMsþg;da        kan;TIpSarkñúgRbeTs ehIykarN_enHnwgman\T§iBleTAelIGaCIvkmµ
KNenyüsMrab;FnaKarTaMgLayedayRBagc,ab;Ptisnüaedayman                   kñúgRbeTs edayRtUvRbQmnwgbBaðamYycMnYndUcCa karxVHFnFan
karKaMRTBIFnaKarGPivDÆn_GasIu-ADB edIm,IBRgIksmtßPaBpþl;               mnusS FnFanhirBaØvtßú nigbec©kviTüa EdlGaceFVIBYkeKmansmtßPaB
\NTandl;bNþashRKasFuntUc nigmFüm tamry³karCYleRKOg                     RbkYtRbECgCagmun. eyIgRtUvkarGnþraKmn_eRcInCagmunBIsßab½n
m:asIun nigeRKOg]bkrN_ .                                               saFarN³ dUcCakarkarkMNt;ykBn§Kyx<s;CagcMeBaHplitpl
        smiT§IplfµImYyeTot KWkarbegáItsaxaénFnaKarCatikm<úCa           naMcUledIm,IkarBar]sSahkrkñúgRbeTs nigkarelIkElg Bn§cMeBaH
enAtamextþ nigTIRkugFM² edIm,IsRmYlkardwkCBa¢ÚnR)ak; nigkarbg;Bn§      karnaMcUlvtßúFatuedIm nigeRKOgm:asIunnana sMrab;GaCIvkmµ-plitkmµ
edayGaCIvkmµTaMgLayenAtamextþ-RkugTaMgenaH.                            kñúgRbeTs. fµI²enH RksYgesdækic© nighirBaØvtßú )ankat;bnßyGRta
elak nak;       sarin naykrgénnaykdæanRsavRCavesdækic©                 Bn§KyelImuxTMnijnaMcUlEdlCaRbePTvtßúFatuedImsMrab;bMerIeGay
énFnaKarCatiénkm<úCa                                                   plitkmµTMnijkñúgRsuksrub458bnÞat;GRtaBn§ b:uEnþkarkat;bnßy
                                                                       GRtaBn§KyenHminsUvpþl;plRbeyaCn_dl;smaCikrbs;eyIgeT eRBaH
3> briyakasfµIénkareFVIBaNiC¢kmµ etIman\T§iBlGVIxøH?                   ]sSahkrRbmaN70° Rbkb]sSahkmµEkécñcMNIGahar nigePsC¢³.
        karebþCJacitþTak;TgnwgkarRKb;RKgedayc,ab;-bBaØtþi/             elak ehg h`ag nayk smaKmGaCIvkmµ-]sSahkmµFuntUc nigmFüm
karvinieyaK nigBaNiC¢kmµTaMgenH nwgb:HBal;dl;rebobeFVIGaCIvkmµ
rbs;km<úCa enAeRkayeBlEdleK)ankøayeTACasmaCikGgÁkar                    3>3 »kasénkarcUleTAkan;TIpSarsMrab;;Rkumh`unkm<úCa
BaNiCkmµBiPBelak. karebþCJaTaMgenHrYmKñabegáIt[manbriyakas                      GgÁkarBaNiC¢kmµBiPBelak nwgminebIkTIpSar[)aneRcIn
BaNiC¢kmµfµImYyEdlGaCIvkmµkm<úCaTaMgLay RtUvEtsRmbykedIm,I             dl;GñknaMecjeLIy . tamkarN_Bit km<úCa kñúgnamCaRbeTsman

                                                                                                                                       5

  karrIkcMerInticCageK )anTTYlplRbeyaCn_rYceTAehIyBITMnak;TMng               dUcCakarRbkYtRbECgKuNPaBplitpl nigsþg;da . karyl;dwg
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  EpñkNamYyénkic©RBmeRBogrbs;GgÁkarBaNiC¢kmµBiPBelak                         rbs;BYkeKenAelITIpSarbreTs . rdæaPi)alk¾minTan;)anbegáIt
  eT ehIykñúgcMeNamenaHmanRbB½n§GnueRKaHTUeTA-GSP ¬Edl                       mCÄmNÐlRtYtBinitüKuNPaB edIm,ICYyGaCIvkmµ[sMerceKaledAenH
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  nigéf k¾)anpþl;karGnueRKaHeTVPaKInanapgEdr. karpþÜcepþImKMnit              Gñk]kj:a Ng suFI GKÁnayk sPaBaNiC¢kmµkm<úCa
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  elIplitplPaKeRcInenAkñúgbBa¢IénkmµviFITaMgenaHesµInwgsUnü.                          kñúgeBlenH xJúMminnaMecjplitpl»sfrbs;xJúM tamrebob
  manEtplitplmYycMnYntUcenAkñúgkmµviFIrbs;RbeTséfeT EdleK                    sMxan;NamYyeT . RbEhlCakñúgry³eBl 3 qñaMeTot . vamin
  )anGnuvtþGRtaBn§Ky 5°. eRkABIenH RbeTskm<úCa)anTTYl                        gayRsYlnwgnaMecjeT . elak-GñkRtUvkarluykak;RKb;RKan;sMrab;
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  BIRbeTsCaeRcIn taMgBImuneBlEdleK)ancUlGgÁkarBaNiC¢kmµ                      vtßúFatuedImkñúg brimaNeRcInedIm,IbMeBjesckþIRtUvkar¦ . eKeXIjman
  BiPBelak-WTO mkemøH .                                                      TIpSarsMrab;plitplrbs;xJúM edaysartMél nigKuNPaBrbs;eyIgman
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  BIkarGnueRKaHTaMgenaHKW EpøsVay. eyagtamKMerag {GVI²TaMgGs;                elak LaMg lII naykRkumh`un Medical         Supply, Co. Ltd.
  elIkElgEtGavuF-EBA} GRtaBn§Kyrbs;shPaBGWr:ub sMrab;
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  bNþaRbeTsGas`ank¾dUcKñaenHEdr elIkElgEtRbeTsm:aeLsIu                                enAeBlEdlkarpþl;PaBGnueRKaHnana BitCapþl;ehtupl
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  RbeTscin edaymincaM)ac;bg;Bn§ .                                            nanaTak;Tgnwgbrisßan nigsgÁm .
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        b¤mYyGRtaEdlesñIpþl;edaybNþasmaCikénRkumBaNiC¢kmµtamtMbn; cMeBaHédKU sþg;dabec©keTsNaRtUvGnuvtþcMeBaHTIpSarNa nigRtUvFanafaplit
        nanaEdlminEmnCasmaCikRkum .                                          plnanarbs;km<úCabMeBj)antamsþg;daTaMgenaH . eKGacTTYl)an

6

B½t'manlMGitsþIBIsþg;daTaMgLayrbs;bNþasmaCikén GgÁkar               elak ehg           h`ag nayk smaKmGaCIvkmµ-]sSahkmµFuntUc
BaNiC¢kmµBiPBelak BInaykdæankaMkugRtUlénRksYg BaNiC¢kmµ .           nigmFüm
        ]TahrN_énplitplmYy EdlRtUvRbQmmuxnwgsþg;da
suvtßiPaBGahard¾twgrwugnana TnÞwmnwgkarTTYl)anPaBGnueRKaHBn§naM               xJúMmanGarmµN_fa smaCikPaBkñúgGgÁkarBaNiC¢kmµ BiPBelak
cUlenaHKW RtI nigplitplGMBIRtI . shPaBGWr:ub shrdæGaemrik           -WTO nwgb:HBal;dl;bNþashRKasFuntUcnigmFümkm<úCaCaBiess
nigRbeTskaNada )anesñIpþl;lT§PaBcUleTAkan;TIpSarrbs;eK              enAeBlEdlBYkeKminGacRbkYtRbECgedayEp¥kelIEtmUldæan
edaymincaM)ac;bg;Bn§ cMeBaHRtI plitplnanaGMBIRtI nigsac;            tMélenAkñúgbriyakasBaNiC¢kmµfµI enaHeT. GaCIvkmµkm<úCaRbQmmux
RtIkin¼ TwkRtI BIkm<úCa . eTaHCay:agNak¾eday karbMeBjtamviFan       nwgtMéld¾x<s;éneRbg\n§n³ GKÁisnI nigkardwkCBa¢Ún.
bec©keTs nigsuxPaBenAkñúgRbeTsTaMgenaH GacCakarBi)ak                          eBlenH karlM)akTaMgLaykñúgkarRbkYtRbECgminEmnekIt
xøaMgNas; . viFan SPS enAshrdæGaemrik nigshPaBGWru:ub man           ecjmkBIkarEdlkm<úCa)ancUlCasmaCikGgÁkarBaNiC¢kmµBiPBelak
lkçN³l¥itl¥n; nigsµúKsµajeFVI[karnaMecjRtI nigplitplGMBIRtI         -WTO enaHeT . b:uEnþkarN_enHbNþalmkBIRbeTsCitxagEdl
eTAkan;TIpSarTaMgenaHminGacRbRBwtþeTA)aneT y:agehacNas;             minEmnCasmaCikénGgÁkarBaNiC¢kmµBiPBelakEdlmineKarB
sMrab;kMritsmtßPaBbec©keTsbc©úb,nñrbs;km<úCa .                      dl;c,ab;RbeTseyIg . BaNiC¢krevotNamTijRKab;sVaycnÞIRss;
        sMrab;krNIRbeTskm<úCa bTbBaØtiþþisþIBIRbPBTMnij RtUveKeRbI  edayKµanbg;Bn§GVITaMgGs; ÉxJúM xJúMRtUvbg;Bn§BIplrbr 1° . ebIxJúMlk;
sMrab;kMNt;PaBGnueRKaH cMeBaHpliplnanaBIRbeTskm<úCa. k¾b:uEnþ       RKab;sVaycnÞIkñúgRbeTs xJúMRtUvbg;Bn§elItMél bEnßm-VAT Efm 10°
vaGacCa]bsKÁmYy cMeBaHkarcUleTAkan;TIpSarmYycMnYnsMrab;             eTot . ebIsinCaBYkeKRbkYtRbECgedayesµIPaBxJúMeRtomxøÜcCaeRsc
plitplrbs;km<úCa eRBaHbTbBaØtþienHTamTarfa meFüa)ayplitkmµ          nwgRbkYt . b:uEnþGaCJaFrmin)aneFVIskmµPaBGVIesaHedIm,IedaHRsay
kñúgkMritPaKrykMNt;mYyRtUvEtmanRbPBBIkm<úCa. edayRbeTs              bBaðaTaMgenH . edayehtuenH eyIgCYbkarlM)akxøaMgNas;kñúgkar
km<úCanaMcUlmeFüa)ayplitkmµCaeRcIn enaHkarbMeBjtambTbBaØti          RbkYtRbECgTaMgenAkñúgRbeTsEdlCafµImþgeTotBYkeKdEdl)an
TaMgenHGacCabBaðamYyEdlRtUvRbQmmux . eKGacTTYl)anBt'man             naMcUlplitplenHmkvijedayKµanbg;Bn§KyeLIyenAelIqakGnþrCati
eRcInCagenH Tak;TgnwgbTbBaØtþi sþIBIRbPBTMnijenAkñúgTIpSarbreTs     yuT§sa®sþrbs;xJúM KWRbkYtRbECgedayEp¥kelIKuNPaBénplitpl .
BInaykdæanCMrujkarnaMecjénRksYgBaNiC¢kmµ .                          xJúMpÁt;pÁg;RKab;sVaycnÞImanKuNPaBx<s;RtUvtamsþg;daGnþrCatieTAkan;
        eTaHy:agNak¾eday karbMeBjtamsþg;daTaMgenHEtÉg               TIcenøaH {srIragÁ}énTIpSar .
nwgminGacFanaeCaKC½y)aneT. plitplBIkm<úCaRtUvEtmanlkçN³             elak )aj;          eLg nayk Rkumh`unExµreGRhIÁxlrQWr½l RbUdak;
RbkYtRbECgeFobnwgplitpldUcKña mkBIRbeTsepSg²eTot.                   GIumpt Giucpt
RbkarenHrYmbBa©ÚlkarvinieyaKelIkitþisBÞrbs;eK kñúgnamCaRbeTs                  eKeXIjmankMeNIncMnYnGtifiCnenAkñúgTIpSarénRbeTs
mYyEdlmansþg;daBlkmµGnþrCati karrMelcplitplGaharkm<úCa             GPivDÆn_ CaBiess shPaBGWr:ub shrdæ Gaemrik nigCb:un Edlniym
faCaplitplsrIragÁ nigkarkat;bnßytMélRbtibtþikar BaNiC¢kmµ .        eRbIR)as; {GaharsrIragÁ}. eKsuxcitþbg;éføx<s;CageTAelIcMNI
        eCaKC½yénvis½yplitkmµsMelokbMBak;enAkm<úCa kñúg            Gahar EdlKµansarCatiBulenAkñúgenaH. plitplcMNIGaharkm<úCa
kareRCotcUleTAkan;TIcenøaH edayFanasþg;daBlkmµx<s;CakarKYr         CaeRcIn dUcCaGgár/ eRmc CaedIm Gaccab;ykTIcenøaHénTIpSarenH
[ekItsresIr . yuT§saRsþsMerckarrkSasþg;daBlkmµx<s;edIm,I           edayplitGaharsrIragÁ. GVIEdleKRtUvkar KWsßab½necjviBaØabnbRt
cMeNj]tþmPaBénkarRbkYtRbECg GacnwgKYrEtBRgIkeTAkan;                edIm,I[BYkeKGacnaMecjGaharTaMgenH eTAkan;TIpSarbreTs
vis½yepSg²eTotén esdækic© edIm,IbnþbegáInekr×þeQµaHrbs;km<úCa .    TaMgenaH.
                                                                              yuT§saRsþeRCotERCkcUleTAkan;TIpSarcenøaHnwg)aneCaKC½y
        shRKineyIgKµanlT§PaBnwgcUleTAkan;TIpSarbreTs               RbsinebIEføgénTMnijRbeTskm<úCamanlkçN³RbkYtRbECg . bc©úb,nñ
edaysarbBaðaRtYtBinitüKuNPaB nigsþg;da. GgÁkarrbs;eyIg)an          karN_enHElgGacCYy)anehIy eRBaHGaCIvkmµkm<úCaEtgP¢ab;eday
xMRbwgERbgCaxøaMg elIkTwkcitþsmaCikTaMgLay[EklMGrcnasm<½n§         tMéledIménkareFVIGaCIvkmµd¾x<s; CaBiesskarcMNaynanaTak;Tgnwg
plitkmµ nigKuNPaB edIm,ITTYl)ankareCOTukcitþBIGtifiCn enAkñúg      TMgn;énkariyaFibetyü. visalPaBénkarcMNayTak;TgnwgkarsRmYl
RbeTskm<úCa. enHCaktþamYyEdlGacCYyeyIg kñúgkarRbkYtRbECg           kargarCamYym®nþIrdæaPi)al ERbRbYleTAtamvis½y nigTMhMRkumh`un.
CamYyplitplnanaBIbreTs. rdæaPi)alKYrEtbegáItmCÄmNÐlecj             eTaHy:agNak¾eday CaTUeTAvis½ynanaEdlnaMecjplitplrbs;
viBaØa bnbRtTTYlsÁal;plitpl edaycUlrYmCaédKUCamYyGgÁkar            BYkeK EtgP¢ab;edayéføcMNayRbtibtþikarCMnYj Tak;Tgnwg
breTssmRsbNamYy.                                                   m®nþIsaFarN³x<s;CageK. TaMgGs;enH bEnßmeTAelIéføedImTUeTA


                                                                                                                                        7

eFVI[plitplkm<úCaTaMgLayminsUvmanlkçN³RbkYtRbECgeT.                    sMrab;Fanafa plitplTaMgenaHmanPaBRbkYtRbECgl¥bMeBj)an
        bc©úb,nñ RbeTskm<úCamanplitplsMrab;naMecj kñúgRTg;RTay         tamkarTamTard¾Cak;lak;rbs; TIpSarnana.
tUc b:uEnþxJúMsegáteXIjfa km<úCamanplitplmYycMnYnEdlminGacrk                   tamTsSn³rbs;xJúM rdæaPi)alnwgRtUveFVIGVIEdleKGaceFVI)an
)anenAkñúgRbeTsÉeTot. plitplTaMgenaH rYmmansib,kmµ EpøeQI              edIm,IksagsmtßPaBénEpñkÉkCn d¾ekµgx©Irbs;eK. enHmann½yfa
nigplitplBIedImetñat dUcCaRKab;etñatEdleLIgRkam nigGacbegáIt           eKKYrpþl;karKaMRTcaM)ac;dl;EpñkÉkCnkñúgRKb;vis½y edIm,I[BYkeKGac
TIcenøaHénTIpSarmYyenAkñúgbNþaRbeTsdéTeTot. karQñHBanrgVan;            cab;epþImrIkcMerInTaMgEbbbTTaMgPaBrwgmaM. eKKYrpþl;eRKOgelIk
BlrdæshRKin enAkñúgkarkarBar nigEfrkSabrisßan Edl)anerobcM             TwkcitþfµI²EpñkrUbiyvtßú nigsareBIBn§rYmCamYynwgkarsRmYlTMgn;
fµI²enH edaysaCIvkmµhirBaØvtßúGnþrCati-IFC nigkmµviFIGPivDÆn_vis½y     énPaBeTIsETgEpñkrdæ)al eTAelIEpñkÉkCn. rdæaPi)alRtUvEt RKb;RKg
ÉkCntMbn; TenøemKgÁ-MPDF )aneFVI[plitplrbs;eyIgkan;Et                  sßanPaBRKb;RCugeRCaynigskmµCagmun nigRtUvxitxMkarBar
elceFøacMeBaHmuxGtifiCnTaMgLayenAelITIpSarbreTs.                       plRbeyaCn_EpñkÉkCny:agQµúsQµúl. edIm,IGacsMerckarenH)an
        rdæaPi)alKYrEtcrcaCamYybNþaRbeTsCasmaCikGgÁkar                 dMbUgbg¥s;rdæaPi)alRtUvCYyksagxøÜnÉgpÞal; nigsßab½nTaMgLay
BaNiC¢kmµBiPBelakÉeTot² edIm,IsMukarGnueRKaHBaNiC¢kmµ dUcCa            rbs;eK. enHCaRbkarsMxan;Nas; eRBaHrdæaPi)alexSay EtgEtCa
karelIkElgBn§Ky b¤bnÞabGRtaBn§sMrab;plitplkm<úCa. eKKYr                mUlehtuBitR)akdeFVI[EpñkÉkCnxatbg;.
bM)at;pgEdr ]bsKÁnanacMeBaHPaBRbkYtRbECg dUcCaéføecjGaCJa                      eRkamkardwknaMrbs;semþcnaykrdæm®nþIraCrdæaPi)alkm<úCa
bNÑd¾x<s;. shPaBGWr:ub)ancat;fñak; RbeTskm<úCafaCaRbeTs                )ancab;epþImRbtibtþikMENTRmg;d¾TUlMTUlay edIm,IksagsmtßPaBTaMg
GPivDÆticCageK ehIykm<úCanwgTTYlkarelIkElgBn§KyTaMgRsug                sßab½nÉkCnTaMgsßab½nsaFarN³ RBmTaMgeFVIkarrYmKñaCaeTogTat;Ca
elIplitpl naMcUleTAkan;shPaBGWr:ub ebIsinCaplitplTaMgenaH              mYyEpñkÉkCn edIm,IedaHRsaybBaðaTaMgLayEdlRtUvRbQmmux nig
RtUveKplit enAkñúgRbeTskm<úCa. edIm,ITTYl )anKuNRbeyaCn_enH            EsVgyl;)anRbesIrCamunGMBIGVI EdlCaplRbeyaCn_ rbs;EpñkÉkCn.
eyIgRtUvmanviBaØabnbRtbBa¢ak;RbPBTMnij-C/O BIRksYgBaNiC¢kmµ            rdæaPi)alk¾)ancab;epþImpgEdrkmµviFIkMENTRmg;mYyes`rI nigGnum½t
b:uEnþeyIg RtUvbg;éføesvaenHral;eBlnaMTMnijecj nigeBlCMrHEbb           c,ab;fµI²Tak;Tgnwgkic©karBarnvkmµ nigkarécñRbDitfµIrbs;EpñkÉkCn
bTKy. RbkarenHnwgbegáInéføedIménplitplrbs;eyIg nigeFVI[                ¬BaNiC¢sBaØa rcnakar ]sSahkmµ KMrUrbs;eRbIR)as;nana.l.¦.
eyIgminsUvmanlkçN³RbkYtRbECg. xJúM)ankt;sMKal;fardæaPi)al                      RbkarsMxan;bMputEdlrdæaPi)alRtUveFVI KWRtUvFanafakmµviFIEk
)anEklMGdMeNIrkarecjviBaØabnbRtbBa¢ak;RbePTTMnij nig)an                TRmg;d¾TUlMTUlayrbs;eK nwgRtUvRbtibtþiTaMgRsug. kñúgcMeNamenH
kat;bnßyEbbbTkargarnaMecj-naMcUl edIm,ICYyEpñkÉkCn. k¾b:uEnþ           mankMENTMrg;rdæ)al kMENTMrg;c,ab; nigyutþaFikar nigkarksagsßab½n.
eKRtUvkarskmµPaBCak;lak;CagenH BIxagrdæaPi)aledIm,IEklMG               karksagsßab½n minEmnCakarksagsßab½nmYyEdlsßitenACYrmuxeKén
briyakasGaCIvkmµ dUcCakarbegáItkariyal½yEtmYykEnøgBitR)akd             kmµviFINamYyenaHeT. kMENTRmg;enHRtUvEtRbRBwtþeTAEbbRKb;RCug
sMrab;sRmYlkarnaMecj.                                                  eRCayedayxitxMedaHRsaybBaðaTaMgLaykñúgrUbPaBCaRbB½n§mYy.
elak éh lIGUn naykRkumh`un Confirel                                    elak Ekv rtn³ naykxuTÞkal½yrdæm®nþI RksYg]sSahkmµ Er:
        »kasl¥sMrab;GaharsrIragÁ enAkñúgRbeTsCaeRcIndUcCa              nigfamBl
shPaBGWr:ub/ hugkug¬RbeTscin¦ nigGU®sþalI )anebIkcMhmuneBl                     GVIEdlxJúMnwgniyayGMBIkic©karEdlrdæaPi)alRtUveFVI edIm,ICMruj
Edl km<úCa)ancUlGgÁkarBaNiC¢kmµBiPBelak-WTO. bBaðaKWRbeTs              briyakasBaNiC¢kmµ RtUv)anrdæaPi)alelIkykmkBiPakSaCaeRcIn sa
km<úCaKµankarvinieyaKpÞal;BIbreTsRKb;RKan; enAkñúgvis½yksi-            rYcmkehIy. dUcenH KµanGVIfµIeT. xJúMyl;fa GVIEdlrdæaPi)alKYreFVIman³
]sSahkmµ EdlGacnaM[mankarrIkcMerInenAkñúgvis½yenH. xJúMeCOfa              ·  kMENTRmg;rdæ)alsaFarN³ edIm,I[rdæ)alsaFarN³man
GgÁkarBaNiC¢kmµBiPBelakCaerOgl¥ eRBaHvaCYyrdæaPi)alkñúgkar             tmøaPaBCagmun nigmanRbsiT§PaBCagmun.
Tak;TajkarvinieyaKpÞal;BIbreTs CaBiesscMeBaHksi-]sSahkmµ.                 ·  karRbyuT§nwgGMeBIBukrlYy. kic©karenHGaRs½ynwgRbsiT§PaB
elak GaDIsun          eCov    naykRKb;RKgénRkumh`unGgÁrksikmµ          énkMENTRmg;TImYyxagelI. karkat;bnßyGMeBIBukrlYyenH nwgbnÞab
rugerOg                                                                éføcMNaynanakñúgkareFVIGaCIvkmµ.
        RbkarsMxan;EdlCnkm<úCaTaMgLayRtUvdwg KWRbeTskm<úCa                ·  karpþl;\NTansmRsbsMrab;GaCIvkmµ.
manplitplepSg² CaBiess plitplksikmµmYycMnYn EdlGac                     elak )aj;       eLg nayk Rkumh`unExµreGRhIÁxlrQWr½l RbUdak;
TamTar)antMéllk;x<s;. GVIEdlcaM)ac; KWviFICayuT§sa®sþ nigCaRbcaM       GIumpt Giucpt

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