E4439 V6 REV PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT MIZORAM STATE ROADS PROJECT II WIDENING TO 2-LANE, RE-ALIGNMENT AND GEOMETRIC IMPROVEMENT OF CHAMPHAI- ZOKHAWTHAR ROAD (00.000 KM to 27.247 KM) WITHIN MIZORAM STATE ROADS PROJECT II ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 17 February 2014 STUP Consultants Pvt. Ltd. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN Table of Content PAGE NO CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Project Objective, Location and Scope 1 1.3 Environmental Impact Assessment 5 1.4 Structure of EIA 5 1.5 Environmental Management Plan 5 1.6 Component and Structure of EMP 6 1.7 Proponent and EIA-EMP Consultant 7 CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 8 2.1 Proposed Improvement of Champhai-Zokhawthar Road 8 2.2 Corridor description 12 CHAPTER 3 Environnemental Management Plan 14 3.1 Environmental Management measures Proposed 14 3.1.1 Pre-construction Stage 14 3.1.2 Construction Stage 14 3.1.3 Operational Stage 15 CHAPTER 4 Reporting System 35 4.1 Reporting System 35 CHAPTER 5 Institutional Arrangements 37 5.1 Proposed institutional set up 37 5.2 Institutional arrangement for monitoring 39 CHAPTER 6 Training 42 6.1 Need for Training 42 6.2 Target of proposed training 42 6.3 Training for Capacity enhancement 42 6.4 Logistic support required 44 CHAPTER 7 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN 45 7.1 Environmental monitoring 45 7.2 Objectives of Environmental monitoring programme 45 7.3 Monitoring methodology 45 CHAPTER 8 ENVIRONMENTAL BUDGET 54 CHAPTER 9 SPECIFICATION 57 9.0 Specifications for environmental enhancement work 57 9.1 Jungle clearance 57 9.2 Uprooting of vegetation 57 9.3 Staking and disposal 57 9.4 Felling trees 57 9.5 Other Various Specifications 58 Annexures 68 Annexure-1: Guideline for camp locations and camp Annexure – II: Guidelines for identification of debris disposal sites Annexure – III: Guidelines for disposal of debris Annexure –IV: Location of dump sites Annexure V: Land slide prone area Annexure -VI: Drawings for high hill cutting Annexure VII: List of cross drainage Annexure VIII: Oil Interceptor Annexure IX: List of quarries Annexure X: List of water bodies Annexure –XI: Drawings for Water storage Annexure XII: Drawings for biodiversity rich area Tables Table 1.1 Proposed road under MSRP II Table-3.1: Environmental Management Plan Table 4.1: Monitoring and Reporting Process and Responsibilities Table 5.1 Institutional frame work for EMF implementation Table 5.2 Institutional arrangement for Monitoring of Environmental Issues Table 7.1 : National Ambient Air Quality Standards (2009) Table-7.2: Indian Standard Drinking Water Specification-IS 10500:1991 Table 7.3: Noise Level Standards (CPCB) Table 7.4: Environmental Monitoring Plan Map/ Figure Map-1 : Map showing the proposed road under MSRP II Map 2: Map showing the alignment of Champhai –Zokhawthar road and realignments Figure 2.1 : Features of the road in 5km influence area and 200m core influence area Figure 2.2 Map showing 1st Re-alignment (0.00 – 3.00 KM) Figure 2.3 Map showing 2nd Re-alignment (Km 7+640 to Km 9+200) Figure 2.4 Map showing 3rd Re-alignment ((Km 17+050 to Km 24+300) Fig 4.1 Proposed institutional set up for EMP implementation in C-Z road CHAPTER -1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background The Government of India has requested World Bank for financing rehabilitation, widening and strengthening of State Highways and District Roads in the State of Mizoram. In line with this request, Mizoram State Roads Project II (MSRP II) is proposed. The proposed roads under MSRP II –RTCP is shown in Map 1.1 The Project Implementation Unit (PIU) within the Public Works Department (PWD) of the Government of Mizoram will be the implementing agency for the project. The PIU is located in the capital of Mizoram State, Aizawl. Implementation of the EMP will be the responsibility of the PIU and Contractor. 1.2 Project Objective, Location and Scope The proposed Project Development Objective of the MSRP II is to improve intra-state connectivity for Mizoram residents and regional road connectivity for Mizoram and North East (NE) India to Bangladesh and Myanmar. The project is to be implemented in two groups: Group I, and Group II Table 1.1 Proposed road under MSRP II. Table 1.1 – Proposed Project Roads under MSRP II Group -1 District(s) Length i. Champhai – Zokhawthar Champhai 27.5 km, (E-W road to Myanmar border) ii. Chhumkhum-Chawngte Lunglei 41.53 km, (part of original N-S road alignment) Group - 2 i. Lunglei - Tlabung - Lunglei 87.9 km, (E-W road to Kawrpuichhuah Bangladesh border) ii. Junction NH44A Mamit&Lunglei 83 km (Origination) – Chungtlang – Darlung – Buarpui iii. Buarpui – Thenlum – Lunglei 95 km PWD Mizoram 1 Zawlpui iv. Chawngte including bridge to Lawngtlai 76 km BungtlangSouth up to Multimodal Road junction v. Zawlpui – Phairuangkai Lunglei 30 km Champhai – Zokhawthar road The existing 28.5 Km long Champhai – Zokhawthar Road (C-ZRoad) is one of the Group I Roads proposed under the MSRP II – RCTP for improvement. The Mizoram Public Works Department has decided to upgrade the existing 28.5 km Champhai – Zokhawthar road from single road state highway standard to 2-Lane National Highway Standard. This road passes through a number of villages like Zotlang, Mualkwai, Melbuk Zokhawthar and part of Champhai town etc. This road is important lifeline for the people in the Easternpart of Mizoram and connecting to Myanmar . The road alignment passes through frequently cultivated Jhum land, plantation forest, habitation etc (Map- 2). The proposed improvements include expansion, widening, provision of cross-drainage facilities, curves and gradient improvements. In most locations centre line of the improved road is likely to remain within the existing Right of Way (RoW) except in few sections in which re-alignment is necessary PWD Mizoram 2 G Junction NH44A (Origination) – R Chungtlang – Darlung – Buarpui O U G P Buarpui – Thenlum – Zawlpui R - O 2 U R P O Zawlpui – - A Phairuangkai 1 D Champhai – Zokhawthar R S Lunglei - Tlabung - O Kawrpuichhuah A D Chawngte including bridge to S Bungtlang South up to Multimodal Road junction Chhumkhum-Chawngte Map-1 : Map showing the proposed road under MSRP II PWD Mizoram 3 Map 2: Map showing the alignment of Champhai –Zokhawthar road and realignments PWD Mizoram 4 EMP of Champhai-Zokhawthar Road Mizoram State road Project –II-RTCP 1.3 Environmental Impact Assessment Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) along with an Environment Management Plan (EMP) report has been prepared in order to meet the requirements of the World Bank Policies as well as the EIA notification GOI, MoEF. The scope of EIA included:  Assessment of environmental baseline conditions in the corridor of influence. Social baseline is covered in separate report.  Identification and assessment of potential environmental impacts during construction and operation stages.  Alternative analysis including comparison with “no project’ scenario (with and without project comparison).  Development of measures for mitigation of adverse environmental impacts and enhancement of positive aspects  Consultation with project affected parties and other stakeholders  Development of Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for mitigation of impacts and monitoring during construction and operation stages. 1.4 Structure of the EIA The EIA Report contains the following chapters: Chapter 2 Project Description; Chapter 3 Environmental legislation and policies; Chapter 4 Methodology; Chapter 5 Baseline Environmental Scenario; Chapter 6 Community Consultation; Chapter 7 Analyses the Alternatives; Chapter 8 Assessment of Impacts; Chapter 9 Avoidance and Mitigation of Impacts; and Chapter 10 Implementation Arrangements. 1.5 Environmental Management Plan Based on the findings of the EIA, the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) consists of the set of mitigation, monitoring and institutional measures to be taken during the design, construction and operation stages of the project to eliminate adverse environmental impacts, to offset them, or to reduce them to acceptable levels. The plan 5 EMP of Champhai-Zokhawthar Road Mizoram State road Project –II-RTCP also includes the actions needed for the implementation of these measures. The main objective of the Environmental Management Plan is to ensure that the various adverse impacts are mitigated and the positive impacts are enhanced. The objectives of the EMP at various stages of the project planning and implementation are as follows: Design stage  To have minimum impact on road side trees, forestation and ground cover  To keep land acquisition and building demolition at a minimum  To provide maximum safety to the highway users and road side communities as well as segregation of local and slow moving traffic in the congested areas  To develop a design that incorporates environmental safeguards and  To provide mitigation measures to all expected environmental degradation Construction stage  To prevent and reduce the negative environmental impacts of the project by implementing mitigation measures, to be carried out by the Contractor.  To ensure that the provisions of the EMP are strictly followed and implemented by strengthening implementation arrangements. Operation stage  To prevent deterioration of environment components of air, water, soil, noise etc.  To improve the safety of the highway users and road side communities 1.6 Component and structure of EMP The EMP consist of the following component: monitoring during project implementation and operation, institutional capacity building and training, mitigation of potentially adverse impact, environmental cost estimates, and integration of EMP with project planning, design, construction and operation. Structure of EMP report. The EMP report is organized the following chapters: Chapter 2 Project Description, etc.; Chapter 3 Environment Management Plan . Chapter-4 Reporting System; Chapter 5 – Institutional arrangement, Chapter 6 Training, Chapter 7 Environmental Monitoring Plan, Chapter 8 Environmental budget, and Chapter 9 Specifications. 6 EMP of Champhai-Zokhawthar Road Mizoram State road Project –II-RTCP 1.7 Proponent and EIA-EMP Consultant Proponent. Public Works Department (PWD) of the Government of Mizoram is the proponent of the C-C Road. The Project Implementation Unit (PIU) within the PWD will be the implementing agency for the MRSP II-RTCP including C-C Road. The PIU is located in the capital of Mizoram State, Aizawl. The detailed address of the proponent is given below. Project Director , Project Implementation Unit, Chief Engineer Road’s Office, Tuikhuah Tlang Mizoram:Aizawl , Tel: 0389 -2324001; Fax: 0389-2321524 e- mail: piupwd@gmail.com, piupwd@yahoo.com EIA Consultant. STUP Consultants Pvt. Ltd is assigned as a consultant by PWD to carry out the EIA study as per the requirements of the World Bank Policies and Government of India requirements. The address of the consulting firm is: STUP Consultants Pvt. Ltd P-11, Darga road, Park Circus, Kolkotta 700017 Tel.- 033 – 40109797, 2280 7430, 22807431 E-mail: kolkata@stupmail.com , Website: www.stupco.com 7 EMP of Champhai-Zokhawthar Road Mizoram State road Project –II-RTCP CHAPTER 2 - PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 Proposed Improvements of Champhai -Zokhawthar Road Champhai -Zokhawthar Road (Champhai -Zokhawthar Road) is presently single lane State Highway (SH). The Champhai -Zokhawthar road is one of the important roads in the Northern Mizoram. The proposed alignment will branch off from Khankawn village i.e. Km 146.0 of Seling to Champhai Road and then running towards in the E-W direction. Alignment The Champhai -Zokhawthar Road passes through steep and mountainous terrain. Existing length of the ODR road is 28.0 KM. After improvement, road length will be 27.717 km including spur road of 2.53 KM. To avoid costly Land Acquisition and serious resettlement problems, and prime agricultural land, the existing alignment (150 KM) was diverted at 146.00 KM (starting point is located at the out skirt of Champhai town). The proposed alignment also realigned at the existing road from Km 7/64 to Km 9/20 and Km 17/05 to Km 24/30 to bye-pass the habitant and heavily built-up areas of the villages viz, Mualkawi, Melbuk & Zokhawthar to lessen Land Acquisition cost as well as resettlement problems. The second and third re- alignment pass through a better topographical profile and also reduces the distance between Champhai and Zokhawthar village by 2.5 KM. the reduced length would be greatly benefit for both the neihbouring countries in terms of vehicle operating cost and travel time. Width and gradient A lower standard road, typically about 5 - 5.2m wide, (categorized by PWD as other district road – MDR) already exist. This will be improved to two-lane state highway standard (roadway width of 12 m – comprising 2-lane carriageway width of 7m and shoulders of 2.5 m on either side of the carriageway). Upgrading of the proposed road will be undertaken mostly on hill side (approximately 15 m. from the centreline on the hill side and 9 m on valley side. The project will maintain a 8 EMP of Champhai-Zokhawthar Road Mizoram State road Project –II-RTCP ruling gradient of less than 5.0% with the maximum gradient being 7.2% at few selected stretch. Culverts and drains. The road crosses several rivulets, small streams, depressions where cross drainages structures are required. Road’s technical report estimates 112 pipe culverts and 35 box culverts. There is 1 minor bridge (Along the spur road), Roadside drains, altogether about 32.22 km, will be constructed.. Slope protection works. The proposed slope protection works at various locations include retaining walls (about 2 km, 3 to 6 m high), breast wall (about 0.65 km, 2 to 3 m high), gabion-wall (about 4 km, 2 to 3 m high), and toe wall (about 0.3 km, 2 to 3 m high). Junction Improvement. 8 Junctions along the proposed alignment are proposed for improvement. Junctions’ improvement like widening, black topping and grade improvement has been proposed Other improvement works. This includes road and traffic signs, marking, and roadside amenities (bush-shed, public toilets, sidewalks near settlements, etc). Except in the re-alignment sections mentioned earlier, the proposed improvements are almost exclusively within the existing Right of Way (RoW). 9 EMP of Champhai-Zokhawthar Road Mizoram State road Project –II-RTCP Figure 2.1 : Features of the road in 5km influence area and 200m core influence area 10 EMP of Champhai-Zokhawthar Road Mizoram State road Project –II-RTCP Figure 2.2 Map showing 1st Re-alignment (0.00 – 3.00 KM) Figure 2.3 Map showing 2nd Re-alignment (Km 7+640 to Km 9+200) 11 EMP of Champhai-Zokhawthar Road Mizoram State road Project –II-RTCP Figure 2.4 Map showing 3rd Re-alignment ((Km 17+050 to Km 24+300) 2.2 Corridor description The alignment of the project road passes through mountainous and steep terrain exceeding 30 % ground slope across the alignment. The height of the road at various locations varies from 1350 m near take off point to 700.00 m River Tiau above mean sea level (MSL) .Within the 5 KM area of the proposed project corridor, Champhai is the highest point (altitude is 1665m) located at chainage 0.00 KM along the existing alignment. The other landforms of the proposed project corridor such as dissected ridges with deep gorges, spurs, keels, etc. The C – Z Road corridor is susceptible erosion and rain induced landslides events during rainy season. There are small isolated patches of good agricultural lands, which are commonly located in the river/ stream valleys and gentle slopes. The area is mountainous and hilly with a small strip of low lying riverine plain along the western side of the Champhai and Tiau Valley. There are several natural drainages such as deep gorges, depressions, etc., where perennial water and rain water runoff are collected. Sometimes the storm runoff is accompanied by large quantities of debris from upstream side of the nallahs. Landslides are common especially during rainy season. 12 EMP of Champhai-Zokhawthar Road Mizoram State road Project –II-RTCP By using the thematic mapping, satellite data products were analyzed for broad influence area of 5 Km both sides of the road. Analysis show that the major part of the broad influence is forest both open dense and bamboo forest. The analysis show following category of land uses: (i) Forest: 31.6 %, (ii) Crop land: 9.7 %, (iii) Grass land: 8.9%, (iv) Settlement: 5.1 %, and (v) Water body (river): 0.1%, (vi) Water body (lake/tank): 0.2%, (vii) scrub land: 11.6% and (viii) Scrub forest: 32.8%. However, there is no notified/demarcated forest area or village council forest adjacent to the proposed C-Z Road alignment including in the re-alignment sections. The road passes through forest plantations of 230m length. There is no wildlife protected area within 5 km of the proposed road improvement, and no known wildlife movement route. 13 EMP of Champhai-Zokhawthar Road Mizoram State road Project –II-RTCP Chapter 3 – ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 3.1 Environnemental Management Measures proposed A description of various management measures during the various stages of the project is provided in the following sections. 3.1.1 Pre-construction Stage During the pre-construction stage, the management measures required will include the clearance of the ROW, plantation of trees, the measures for protecting/replacing community resources such as hand pumps and other utilities likely to be impacted. Their enhancement shall also be completed before construction actually starts so that the community can start using these while the construction activity begins. 3.1.2 Construction Stage This will be most crucial and active stage for the Environmental Management Plan. In addition to the monitoring of the construction activity itself to ensure that the environment is not impacted beyond permissible limits, the enhancement of cultural properties, mitigation and enhancement measures for water bodies will go simultaneously as the construction progresses. To facilitate implementation of the enhancement and mitigation measures suggested, working drawings of the same have been provided in the Appendices. In addition, the need for the balanced evaluation and planning for risks associated with construction activities related to roads such as accidental spillage consequent damage to the surrounding environment in terms of loss of flora and fauna, agricultural crop or fertile land, continues to grow importance. Other possible locations of concerns include include the locations of hot-mix plants (spillage of fuel, bitumen etc.) and labour-camp sites. 14 EMP of Champhai-Zokhawthar Road Mizoram State road Project –II-RTCP 3.1.3 Operation Stage The operation stage will essentially entail monitoring activity along the corridor. The monitoring for pollutants specified in the monitoring plan will serve the two purposes. In addition to checking the efficacy of the protection/ mitigation/ enhancement measures implemented, this will help verify or refuse the predictions made as a part of the impact assessment. Thus, it will complete a very important feedback loop for the PWD. The measures adopted and/or to be adopted during the different stages of the project have been detailed in Table 3.1 The responsibility for implementation and supervision of EMPs are vested with four agencies, namely Contractors, PWD, PIU and Supervision consultants. The Contractors herein mean the agency hired for execution of the construction works for the respective contract packages. PWD, PIU would be implementation agency. The term Supervision Consultant refers to the Supervision Consultant. 15 Mizoram State Roads Project - II Environmental Management Plan for C-Z road Table-3.1: Environmental Management Plan Environmental Responsibility Mitigation Measures1 Cross reference2 Location3 Time Frame4 Impact/Issue Implementation Supervision P-1 : Pre-construction Stage Part of boundary NGOs, Collaborating All requirements of the R&IPDP shall be complete before Agencies, SLAO, MPWD, P.1.1 start of construction stage. The activities broadly include wall of church, at Before Grievance Redressal Cells Implementation of acquisition of structures, cultural properties relocation of Zotlang, 50m MPWD construction starts (GRC), Village Level R&IPDP utilities, common property resources and relocation of RHS Ch 3.650, Committee (DLC) District domestic water drums and pig sty and hand pumps Revenue authorities M-1 : Contractor Mobilization & Site Clearance M.1.1 Before Vegetation will be removed from the Corridor of Impact Engineer, Removal of Corridor of Impact. Construction Contractor before the commencement of Construction. MPWD Vegetation starts. Construction labourers’ camps shall be located at least MoST: 111.14 500m away from the nearest habitation and 200m away All areas in from plantations as given in Annexure -I. No construction immediate vicinity of During M.1.2 Setting up camp will be located within 500m on either side of the construction Establishment, Engineer, of construction realignment. campsite chosen by Operation and Contractor. MPWD. camps The Contractor during the progress of work will provide, the contractor and Dismantling of erect and maintain necessary (temporary) living approved by the Such Camps. accommodation and ancillary facilities for labour to engineer. standards and scales approved by the resident Engineer. 1 Some of the mitigation measures are preventive in nature while some others include additional measures in terms of environmental conservation and involve physical and construction work. 2 The contract requirements refer to the following: Ministry of Surface Transport, Roads Wing (MoST), Government of India. Specifications for Road and Bridge Works (Third Revision, 1995. Reprinted, 1998).Specific and general conditions of the contract. 3 Unless otherwise stated, the Project Site covers area beyond the Corridor of Impact and/or the RoW, such as borrow areas, access roads, service roads and equipment storage sites (MoST: 306.3). 4 Time frame refers to the duration or instant of time when the mitigation measures will be taken. * Refer EIA Report of the project for required details on the various mitigation/management measures proposed. Mizoram State Roads Project - II Environmental Management Plan for C-Z road Environmental Responsibility Mitigation Measures1 Cross reference2 Location3 Time Frame4 Impact/Issue Implementation Supervision There shall be provided within the precincts of every workplace, latrines and urinals in an accessible place, and MoST: 111.1 the accommodation, separately for men and women, as per standards set by the Building and other Construction Workers (regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996. Sewage system (including septic tones & soak-pits) for a construction labourer’s camp shall be designed, built and operated so that no pollution to ground or adjacent water bodies/ watercourses takes place. Compliance with the relevant legislation shall be strictly adhered to. Garbage bins shall be provided in the camps and regularly emptied and the garbage disposed off in a hygienic manner, to the satisfaction of the relevant norms and the Engineer. In connection with underground water resources, including percolating water, the contractor shall take all necessary precaution to prevent interference with such water resources. All relevant provisions of the Factories Act, 1948 and the Building and other Construction Workers (regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 shall be adhered to. During Erection, Hot mix plants and batching plants shall be located Testing, M.1.3. Setting up sufficiently away from habitation, agricultural operations or All Hot-mix and Engineer, MoST: 111.5 Operation and Contractor. of Hot mix plants industrial establishments. Where possible such plants will Batching Plants. MPWD Dismantling of be located at least 1000m away from the nearest habitation. Such Plants. Location of dumping sites shall be finalized based on the M.1.4 guidelines given in Annexure – II and III and the Engineer Throughout the During Engineer, identification of shall certify that these are not located within designated Contractor corridor mobilization MPWD dumping sites forest areas. (b) The dumping does not impact natural drainage courses (c) No endangered/rare flora is impacted Mizoram State Roads Project - II Environmental Management Plan for C-Z road Environmental Responsibility Mitigation Measures1 Cross reference2 Location3 Time Frame4 Impact/Issue Implementation Supervision by such dumping. (d) Settlements are located at least 0.8km away from the site. (e) Locations given in Annexure – IV. The contractor shall identify locations sensitive to landslides M.1.5 in addition to those provided in Annexure – VI, and shall Throughout the During Engineer, Identification of duly report these to the Supervision Consultant (SC) and to MoST: 306.3 Contractor corridor mobilization MPWD landslide locations MPWD. C-1: Construction Stage Slope of the hill side cut shall as per guideline in those suggested in Annexure - VI All areas of cutting shall be covered with vegetation Bioengineering techniques as appropriate shall be During cutting, C.1.1 undertaken at all vulnerable locations.(refer annexure-13) Engineer, High hill cutting blasting pre- A combination of bio-engineering techniques and hard Contractor Land Slides locations splitting MPWD engineering solutions shall be as toe walls, breast walls, operations rock bolting, and provision of band drains, gabion at locations vulnerable to landslides shall be provided, based on the suitability at site, as decided by the geotechnical expert of the engineer. Debris generated due to the dismantling of the existing MoST: 112.6 pavement structure and the cutting of the hillside for the During C.1.2 Generation widening shall be suitably reused in the proposed Construction as construction, as follows: Throughout Project Engineer, of Debris and when said Contractor Corridor. MPWD. As fill materials, for embankments MoST: 112.2 activity take The sub grade of the existing pavement shall be used as place. embankment fill material. The disposal of debris shall be carried out only at sites Sites identified by During C.1.3 identified for the purpose. The contractor shall carry out the the contractor and Construction as Engineer, Contractor, Engineer Disposal of Debris disposal as described in Annexure – II. approved by the and when the said MPWD All arrangement for transportation during construction engineer. activity take Mizoram State Roads Project - II Environmental Management Plan for C-Z road Environmental Responsibility Mitigation Measures1 Cross reference2 Location3 Time Frame4 Impact/Issue Implementation Supervision including provision, maintenance, dismantling and clearing place. debris, where necessary will be considered incidental to the work and should be planned and implemented by the contractor as approved and directed by the Engineer. During Construction vehicle, machinery and equipment shall move C.1.4 MoST: 112.6 Throughout Project Construction, as or be stationed in the RoW. While operating on temporarily Engineer, Compaction of Corridor and all areas and when the said Contractor. acquired agricultural land for any construction activities, top MPWD. Soil temporarily acquired. activity take soil will be preserved in stockpiles. place. On road embankment slopes, slopes of all cut, fill etc., shrubs and grass will be planted. On sections with high filling and deep cutting the side slopes will be graded and covered with bushes and grass, etc., adopting suitable Throughout Project bioengineering techniques. The suitability to be decided by Corridor, Service the Engineer at site. roads and equipment Along sections abutting water bodies stone pitching needs to storage sites, etc. be carried out for slopes between 1 vertical: 4 horizontal to 1 vertical to 2 horizontal. MoST: 305.2.2.2 List of cross drains is At the outfall of each culvert, erosion prevention measure, provided as During such as the following, will be undertaken, as provided in the Annexure VII Construction as C.1.5 design: Engineer, and when the said Contractor. Soil Erosion MoST: 306.2 MPWD. 1. Grass scales activity take 2. Rock riprap place. 3. Rock mattresses 4. Cut off wall 5. Downstream silt screens/walls The work shall consist of measures as per design, or as directed by the Engineer to control soil erosion, sedimentation and water pollution, through use of berms, dikes, sediment basins, fiber mats, mulches, grasses, slope drains and other devices. All temporary sedimentation, pollution control works and maintenance thereof will be Mizoram State Roads Project - II Environmental Management Plan for C-Z road Environmental Responsibility Mitigation Measures1 Cross reference2 Location3 Time Frame4 Impact/Issue Implementation Supervision deemed as incidental to the earth work or other items of work. Vehicle/machinery and equipment operation, maintenance and refueling shall be carried out in such a fashion that spillage of fuels and lubricants does not contaminate the ground. An “oil interceptor” will be provided for wash C.1.6 down and refueling areas. (Refer Annexure –viii) At fuel storage areas During Contamination of Fuel storage shall be in proper bunded areas. All spills and – usually at Construction, as Engineer, Soil and water collected petroleum products shall be disposed off in construction camps, and when the said Contractor. MPWD. bodies by Fuel and accordance with MoEF and MPCB guidelines at designated temporarily acquired activity take Lubricants locations. site. place. Fuel storage and refilling areas shall be located at least 300m from all cross drainage structures and important water bodies or as directed by the Engineer. C.1.7 The Contractor shall obtain materials from quarries only Quarry Operations after consent of the DoE or other concerned authorities and only after development of a comprehensive quarry’ During licensing List of quarries along redevelopment plan. Alternatively the Contractor shall and during the project corridors Engineer, acquire the required material from quarries licensed by the MoST: 111.3 operation of the Contractor is given in Annexure MPWD. SPCB. The quarry operations shall be undertaken within the quarries for the - IX rules and regulations in force. Wherever hill are used and project. operated for the purpose of quarrying in the beds or banks of rivers/rivulets will not be used for quarrying. Crusher dust shall be used in the project instead of sand. During C.1.8 The contractor shall obtain requisite permission from the Throughout the construction, , as Engineer, Use of Crusher Contractor Engineer, if crusher dust is not adequate and sand is to be project corridor and when the said MPWD Dust hauled for construction, indicating the source. activity take place C.1.9 Construction of a series of pipe culverts shall be undertaken During construction, , as Engineer, Loss of Water to enable unhindered cross-flow and maintain the level of Contractor and when the said MPWD. Bodies water in the swampy area. Construction at the ponds shall be Mizoram State Roads Project - II Environmental Management Plan for C-Z road Environmental Responsibility Mitigation Measures1 Cross reference2 Location3 Time Frame4 Impact/Issue Implementation Supervision carried out during non-monsoon months only. Construction activity take place work shall be restricted to 3m – 4m width from the existing All ponds along formation near ponds/swamps. The workers shall be MoST: 305.4.1 the corridor at- Whenever instructed not to venture into or poach for wildlife within 0.3 km, 2.15 km, encountered the swamp. The volume of water storage lost shall be 2.22 km, 2.265 km, during compensated for by excavation of an equal volume of 3.00 km, 4.525 km construction similar depth at closest possible location in the direction of and km 4.685 flow and shall be done with the approval of the engineer. Any source of water (potable or otherwise) for the community such as water tanks along the water streams for MoST: 110.3 community uses etc., incidentally lost shall be replaced immediately. The location and siting of the replaced source Whenever C.1.10 Throughout Project of water shall be in consultation with the local user encountered Engineer, Loss of Other Corridor, Contractor population. Generally, the source of water supply will be during MPWD. Water Sources moved away from the road and within the settlement area. construction MoST 301.5 The replacement shall be ready prior to demolition/ dismantling of the existing source. This sub-clause covers the identified sources of water in the pre-construction stage. In addition to the design requirements for control of List of water body / flooding, the contractor shall take all desired measures as streams / waterfall directed by the Engineer such measures to prevent locations given in C.1.11 Annexure -X During temporary or permanent flooding of the site or any adjacent Construction and Engineer, Flooding area. Contractor. MoST: 305.3.2 the Defects MPWD. The scope for prevention of flooding includes prevention of Throughout project Liability Period. loss of use, loss of access of any land or property thereon corridor, all access resulting from flowing or stagnant water as direct/ indirect roads, temporarily impact of construction. acquired sites. Silt fencing will be provided at the base of the embankment MoST: 306 Throughout Project During C.1.12 for the perimeter of water bodies abutting the road. Silt Corridor, all access Construction, as Engineer, Siltation into Contractor. fencing shall be as per the technical specifications given in roads, temporarily and when the said MPWD. Water Bodies Section 1.12. acquired sites. activity take Mizoram State Roads Project - II Environmental Management Plan for C-Z road Environmental Responsibility Mitigation Measures1 Cross reference2 Location3 Time Frame4 Impact/Issue Implementation Supervision Siltation of soil into the water bodies will be prevented as place. far as possible. MoST: 306 Construction materials containing fine particles shall be stored in an enclosure such that sediment-laden water does not drain into nearby watercourses. All discharge standards promulgated under Environmental Protection Act, 1986, shall be adhered to. All waste generated from the site shall be disposed off as acceptable to the Engineer and MPWD. In sections along water courses, and close to cross-drainage channels, earth, stone or any other construction materials or appendage shall be disposed off so as not to block the flow During Throughout Project C.1.13 of water. Construction, as MoST: 305.3.7 Corridor, all access Engineer, Alteration of All necessary measures shall be taken to prevent earthwork, and when the said Contractor. roads, temporarily MPWD. Drainage stonework, materials and appendage as well as the method activity take acquired sites. of operation from impeding cross-drainage at rivers, place. MoST: 306 streams, water canals and existing irrigation and drainage systems. C.1.14 Sanitation Unless otherwise arranged by the local sanitation authority, MoST: 111.14 All areas in During and waste disposal arrangements for proper disposal of excreta by Composting immediate vicinity of Establishment, Engineer, and restriction of at the workplace suitably approved by the local medical construction Operation and Contractor. MPWD. odour from health or municipal authorities or as per directed by campsite chosen by Dismantling of construction camps Engineer, shall be made. the contractor. Such Camps. MoST: 111.1 The Contractor shall arrange for supply and storage of water and no such supply and storage will be provided by the During C.1.15 Use of MPWD. The Contractor shall not open a new bore well or Construction, as Throughout Project Engineer, Water by extract groundwater without permission from the Ground and when the said Contractor. Corridor MPWD. contractor Water Board. activity take The contractor will minimize wastage of water in the place. construction process/operations. C.1.16 Water harvesting structures will be constructed as per the As per Annexure - Before start of Engineer MPWD Harvesting of typical designs Drawing provided in the EMP. Selection of XI. construction and Mizoram State Roads Project - II Environmental Management Plan for C-Z road Environmental Responsibility Mitigation Measures1 Cross reference2 Location3 Time Frame4 Impact/Issue Implementation Supervision Water for the typology applicable will be decided by the Engineer before monsoon Construction with inputs from the MPWD. Such storage of water will be deemed incidental to the work. The contractor will be responsible for the maintenance of water quality in such storage. While working across or close to the Rivers, the Contractor shall not prevent the flow of water. If for any crosos- drainage work, closure of flow is required, the Contractor shall seek approval of the Engineer. The Engineer will have the right to ask the Contractor to serve notice on the Throughout Project downstream users of water sufficiently in advance. Corridor, all access roads, sites During C.1.17 Disruption Construction over and close to the non-perennial streams temporarily acquired Construction, as Engineer, to other Users of shall be undertaken in the dry session. Contractor and as well as the and when the said MPWD. Water Construction work expected to disrupt users and impacting immediate activity take place community water bodies will be taken up after serving surroundings of these notice on the local community. areas. The Contractor may use the natural sources of water subject to the provision that any claim arising out of conflicts with other users of the said natural source shall be dealt with entirely by the contractor. All vehicles delivering materials to the site shall be covered MoST: 111.9 to avoid spillage of materials. The Contractor shall take every precaution to reduce the level of dust emission from the hot mix plants and the MoST: 111.5 batching plants up to the satisfaction of the Engineer. During Throughout Project All existing highways and roads used by vehicles of the Construction, as C.1.18 Generation Corridor, all access Engineer, contractor, or any of his sub-contractor or suppliers of and when the said Contractor of Dust MoST: 111.9 roads, temporarily MPWD. materials or plant and similarly roads which are part of the activity take acquired sites. works shall be kept clean and clear of all dust/mud or other place. extraneous materials dropped by such vehicles or their tyres. Clearance shall be affected immediately by manual sweeping and removal of debris, or, if so directed by the Engineer, by mechanical sweeping and clearing equipment, Mizoram State Roads Project - II Environmental Management Plan for C-Z road Environmental Responsibility Mitigation Measures1 Cross reference2 Location3 Time Frame4 Impact/Issue Implementation Supervision and all dust, mud and other debris shall be removed MoST: 111.10 completely. Additionally, if so directed by the Engineer, the road surfaces shall be hosed or watered using necessary equipment. MoST: 118.1 Plants, machinery and equipment shall be so handled (including dismantling) as to minimise generation of dust. Hot mix plants and batching plants shall be located sufficiently away from habitation, agricultural operations or C.1.19 MoST: 111.5 During Erection, industrial establishments. Where possible such plants will Emission from Testing, be located at least 1000m away from the nearest habitation. All Hot-mix and Engineer, Hot-Mix Plants Operation and Contractor. The exhaust gases shall comply with the requirements of the MoST: 111.5 Batching Plants. MPWD. and Batching Dismantling of relevant current emission control legislation. All operations Plants Such Plants. at plants shall be undertaken in accordance with all current rules and regulations protecting the environment. The discharge standards promulgated under the Environment Protection Act, 1986 shall be strictly adhered C.1.20 to. All vehicles, equipment and machinery used for Throughout Project During Emission from construction shall conform to the relevant Bureau of Indian Corridor, all access Construction, as Construction Engineer, Standard (BIS) norms. roads, sites and when the said Contractor. Vehicles, MPWD. All vehicles, equipment and machinery used for temporarily acquired activity take Equipment and construction shall be regularly maintained to ensure that and all borrow areas. place. Machinery pollution emission levels comply with the relevant requirements of MPCB and the Engineer. All crushers used in construction shall conform to relevant dust emission control legislations. Clearance for siting shall be obtained from the MPCB. Alternatively, only crushers During Erection, already licensed by the MPCB shall be used. Water will be C.1.21 MoST: 111.1 Testing, sprayed during the non-monsoon months, regularly to All Aggregate Engineer, Pollution from Annexure XII – Operation and Contractor. minimize dust, in the whole crusher plant area. Crushing Plants. MPWD. Crusher NAAQS ,2009 Dismantling of The particulate matter contribution value at a distance of Such plants. 40m from a controlled isolated as well as from a unit located in a cluster should be less than NAAQS 2009. The monitoring is to be conducted as envisaged in the Mizoram State Roads Project - II Environmental Management Plan for C-Z road Environmental Responsibility Mitigation Measures1 Cross reference2 Location3 Time Frame4 Impact/Issue Implementation Supervision monitoring plan. The plants and equipment used in construction (including the aggregate crushing plant) shall strictly conform to the MoST: 111.13 GoI noise standards. All vehicles and equipment used in construction shall be fitted with exhaust silencers. During routine servicing MoST: 111.13 operations, the effectiveness of exhaust silencers shall be checked and if found to be defective shall be replaced. MoST: 111.1 Notwithstanding any other conditions of contract, noise level from any item of plant(s) must comply with the relevant legislation for levels of sound emission. Non- Throughout Project During C.1.22 compliant plant shall be removed from site. Corridor, all access Construction, as Noise from Engineer, Noise limits for construction equipment used in this project roads, sites and when the said Contractor. Vehicles, Plants MPWD. (measured at one metre from the edge of the equipment in temporarily acquired activity take and Equipment. free field) such as compactors, rollers, front loaders, and all borrow areas. place. concrete mixers, cranes (moveable), vibrators and saws shall MoST: 111.13 not exceed 75 dB(A), as specified in the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986 and Noise rule 2010 Maintenance of vehicles, equipment and machinery shall be regular and to the satisfaction of the Engineer, to keep noise from these at a minimum. Workers in vicinity of loud noise, and workers working with or in crushing, compaction, concrete mixing operations shall MoST: 111.6 wear earplugs. Blasting shall be carried out only with permission of the MoST: 302.1 All Blasting and Pre- Engineer. All the statutory laws, regulations, rules etc., splitting Sites. C.1.23 During pertaining to acquisition, transport, storage, handling and Noise from use of explosives shall be strictly followed. 7+050 to Km 7+150, Preparation, Engineer, Blasting or Pre- Blasting shall be carried out during fixed hours (preferably Km 7+300 to Km Operation and Contractor. MPWD. splitting during mid-day), as permitted by the Engineer. The timing 7+600, Km 10+100 Closure of Such Operations Sites. should be made known to all people within 500m (200m for to Km 10+740, Km pre-splitting) from the blasting site in all directions. People, 11+ 430 to Km Mizoram State Roads Project - II Environmental Management Plan for C-Z road Environmental Responsibility Mitigation Measures1 Cross reference2 Location3 Time Frame4 Impact/Issue Implementation Supervision except those who actually light the fuse shall be excluded MoST: 302.4 11+50, Km 12+800 from the area of 200m (50m for pre-splitting) from the to Km 13+200, Km blasting site in all directions at least 10 minutes before the 15+450 to Km blasting. 16+200, Km 18+500 to Km 19+000,Km 20+550 to Km 21+2400, Km 22+900 to Km 23+400. All works shall be carried out in such a fashion that the During Contractor Engineer, damage or disruption to the flora is minimum. Trees or Construction, as MPWD. shrubs will only be felled or removed that impinge directly and when the said on the permanent works or necessary temporary works with Entire Project Site. activity take place Engineer, MPWD C.1.24 prior approval from the Engineer. As encountered During Loss or Damage of During Construction The Engineer shall approve such felling on the advice of the Construction DoF. Vegetation MPWD. MPWD and only when the MPWD receives a “clearance” for such felling from the DoF, as applicable. As per DoF Trees felled shall be replaced as per the compensatory Existing MPWD. afforestation criteria of 10 trees for each tree felled. Programmes. In addition to the compensatory afforestation being carried out by the State Forest Department, tree plantation along the All along the corridor valley side slopes shall be carried out all along the corridor. except at locations C.1.25 Engineer, A total of 100,000 saplings shall need to be planted. having dense During Roadside Tree vegetation. NGOs, VCs MPWD, State The plantation along the corridor shall be carried out by an construction Plantation Forest NGO designated by the MPWD. Bamboo tree guards shall Department be provided for the trees planted up to 500 m on either side of the villages along the corridor. (refer specification) C.1.26 Bamboo fencing shall be erected to delineate the area rich in During No bio-diversity rich Conservation of biodiversity as identified from field visits. Drains will be spot identified Construction Contractor Engineer, Biodiversity at provided in the area to prevent exposure to contaminated (Plantation are from But protection MPWD. specific locations run-off during the construction phase. Drawing: (in km 9+300 to 9+530) works to be Mizoram State Roads Project - II Environmental Management Plan for C-Z road Environmental Responsibility Mitigation Measures1 Cross reference2 Location3 Time Frame4 Impact/Issue Implementation Supervision Annexure –XII) are attached at the end of the EMP for completed before protection works. The protection works shall follow these earthworks start in Drawings. stretch extending Introduction of exotic species will be prevented in the 500 m on either roadside plantation for such stretches. side of chainages specified. C. 1. 27 No bio-diversity rich area has been identified within the No bio-diversity rich During Contractor Engineer, Protection of core impact zone. In the adjacent forest/ vegetation, access spot identified construction MPWD Biodiversity-rich to the road shall be restricted using barbed wire fencing (Plantation are from period, as and area and rubber along the entire realignment section. km 9+300 to 9+530) when the said plantation area activity take place. C.1.28 No designated Ecological Identity Area is located in the No bio-diversity rich During Contractor Engineer, Conservation of core impact zone. If such area is chance- found during spot identified construction MPWD Ecological rich construction, blasting will be prohibited in the stretch (Plantation are from period, as and area extending 200m on either side of such area, these will be km 9+300 to 9+530) when the said assessed and site specific mitigations designed. Water activity take spraying shall be carried out every day during the duration place. of earthwork in such areas. During construction, at any point of time, if a rare/ During threatened/endangered flora species if found, it shall be C.1.29 Construction conserved in a suitable manner. The Engineer, on specific Damage or Loss of Throughout Project During advice from the MPWD shall approve detailed conservation Contractor, Engineer. MPWD. Chance-found Area. construction processes, plans and designs as well as associated Important Flora period, as and modification in the project design. Drawing in Annexure when found. XII shall be adopted at appropriate locations. There is no known wildlife habitat or movement route in the All along the Project Engineer, CZ Raod influence area. As a pre-cautionary measure, all corridor, all access C.1.30 MPWD. works are to be carried out in such a fashion that the damage roads, sites Loss, Damage or During Engineer, and disruption to fauna is minimum. Construction workers temporarily acquired. Contractor. Disruption to Construction. Forests shall be instructed to protect natural resources and fauna, Fauna. Department, including wild animals and aquatic life (if found), hunting MPWD and unauthorized fishing are prohibited. Mizoram State Roads Project - II Environmental Management Plan for C-Z road Environmental Responsibility Mitigation Measures1 Cross reference2 Location3 Time Frame4 Impact/Issue Implementation Supervision During construction, at any point of time, if a rare/ C.1.31 During endangered / threatened fauna species is spotted, the Damage or Loss of Construction, as Contractor, contractor shall make all arrangements to intimate the Entire Project Site. MPWD. Chance-found and when Engineer Forests (wildlife) authorities and measures will be taken for Important Fauna. encountered. its conservation during the operation period also. The Contractor shall provide safe and convenient passage for vehicles, pedestrians and livestock to and from side roads and property accesses connecting the project road. Work that affects the use of side roads and existing accesses shall not be undertaken without providing adequate MoST: 112.7 provisions to the prior satisfaction of the Engineer. The works shall not interfere with or cause inconvenience to During C.1.32 public or restrict the access to use and occupation of public All along the Project Engineer, Construction Contractor Loss of Access or private roads, and any other access footpaths to or of corridor MPWD. (throughout) properties whether public or private. Access across the work-zone will be provided for two slots every day during construction (2 hours in the morning and 2 hours in the afternoon). For this purpose the contractor shall maintain a strip of pavement across the work zone of such quality that light motor vehicles (LMV) can pass without difficulty or danger of breaking down. Detailed Traffic Control Plans shall be prepared and submitted to the Engineer for approval, 5 days prior to MoST: 112.1 commencement of works on any section of road. The traffic C.1.33 control plans shall contain details of arrangements for All along the Project During Engineer, Traffic Delays and construction under traffic and details of traffic arrangement Contractor Corridor. Construction MPWD. Congestion after cessation of work each day. The Contractor shall ensure that the running surface is always maintained in running condition, particularly during MoST: 112.2 the monsoon so that no disruption to the traffic flow occurs. C.1.34 The Contractor shall take all necessary measures for the MoST: 112.4 Entire Project site. During Contractor Engineer, Mizoram State Roads Project - II Environmental Management Plan for C-Z road Environmental Responsibility Mitigation Measures1 Cross reference2 Location3 Time Frame4 Impact/Issue Implementation Supervision Traffic Control and safety of traffic during construction and provide, erect and Construction MPWD Safety maintain such barricades, including signs, markings, flags, lights and flagmen as may be required by the Engineer for the information and protection of traffic approaching or MoST: 112.1 passing through the section of the highway under improvement. All signs, barricades, pavement markings shall be as per the MoST specification. Before taking up construction on any section of the highway, a traffic control plan shall be devised to the satisfaction of the Engineer. The Contractor is required to comply with all the precautions as required for the safety of the workmen as per the International Labour Organisation (ILO) Convention No. 62 as far as those are applicable to this contract. The C.1.35 contractor shall supply all necessary safety appliances such During Engineer, Risk from as safety goggles, helmets, masks, etc., to the workers and Entire Project site. Contractor Construction MPWD Operations staff. The contractor has to comply with all regulation regarding safe scaffolding, ladders, working platforms, gangway, stairwells, excavations, trenches and safe means of entry and egress. No child labour shall be utilized in the project Adequate precautions will be taken to prevent danger from electrical equipment. No material or any of the sites will be so stacked or placed as to cause danger or inconvenience to C.1.36 any person or the public. All necessary fencing and lights Risk from will be provided to protect the public. All machines to be During Engineer, MoST: 106 Entire Project site. Contractor Electrical used in the construction will conform to the relevant Indian Construction MPWD Equipment Standards (IS) codes, will be free from defect, will be kept in good working order, will be regularly inspected and properly maintained as per IS provisions and to the satisfaction of the Engineer. C.1.37 All workers employed on mixing asphaltic material, cement, During Engineer, Entire Project site. Contractor Risk at Hazardous lime mortars, concrete etc., will be provided with protective Construction MPWD. Mizoram State Roads Project - II Environmental Management Plan for C-Z road Environmental Responsibility Mitigation Measures1 Cross reference2 Location3 Time Frame4 Impact/Issue Implementation Supervision Activity footwear and protective goggles. Workers, who are engaged MoST: 111.1 in welding works, would be provided with welder’s protective eye-shields. Stonebreakers will be provided with protective goggles and clothing and will be seated at sufficiently safe intervals. The use of any herbicide or other toxic chemical shall be strictly in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. MoST: 111.6 The Engineer shall be given at least 6 working days notice of the proposed use of any herbicide or toxic chemical. A register of all herbicides and other toxic chemicals delivered to the site shall be kept and maintained up to date by the Contractor. The register shall include the trade name, physical properties and characteristics, chemical ingredients, health and safety hazard information, safe handling and storage procedures, and emergency and first aid procedures for the product. No man below the age of 18 years and no woman shall be employed on the work of painting with products containing C.1.38 lead in any form. No paint containing lead or lead products During Engineer, Risk of Lead will be used except in the form of paste or readymade paint. Entire Project site Contractor MoST: 111.1 Construction MPWD. Pollution Face masks will be supplied for use by the workers when paint is applied in the form of spray or a surface having lead paint dry rubbed and scrapped. All reasonable precaution will be taken to prevent danger of the workers and the public from fire, flood, drowning, etc. C.1.39 All necessary steps will be taken for prompt first aid During Engineer, Risk caused by Entire Project site Contractor treatment of all injuries likely to be sustained during the Construction MPWD. Force’ Majure course of work. C.1.40 Except as may be provided in the contract or ordered or All blasting and Pre- During Risk from authorised by the Engineer, the Contractor shall not use MoST: 302.4 Contractor Engineer splitting Sites. Construction Explosives explosives. Where the use of explosives is so provided or Mizoram State Roads Project - II Environmental Management Plan for C-Z road Environmental Responsibility Mitigation Measures1 Cross reference2 Location3 Time Frame4 Impact/Issue Implementation Supervision ordered or authorised, the Contractor shall comply with the requirements of the following Sub-Clauses of this Clause besides the law of the land as applicable: The Contractor shall at all times take every possible precaution and shall comply with appropriate laws and regulations relating to the importation, handling, transportation, storage and use of explosives and shall, at all times when engaged in blasting operations, post sufficient warning flagmen, to the full satisfaction of the Engineer. The Contractor shall at all times make full liaison with and inform well in advance and obtain such permission as is required from all Government Authorities, public bodies and private parties whomsoever concerned or affected or likely to be concerned or affected by blasting operations. C.1.41 The Contractor shall, at his own expense, conform to all During Engineer, Entire Project site. Contractor. Malarial risk anti-malarial instructions given to him by the Engineer. Construction MPWD. At every workplace, a readily available first aid unit including an adequate supply of sterilised dressing material and appliances will be provided as per the Factory Rules of Mizoram. C.1.42 Workplaces, remote and far away from regular hospitals During Engineer, Entire Project site. Contractor First Aid will have indoor heath units with one bed for every 250 MoST: 1207.6 Construction MPWD. workers. Suitable transport will be provided to facilitate take injured or ill person(s) to the nearest applicable hospital. At every workplace and construction camp, equipment and nursing staff shall be provided. In every workplace at suitable and easily accessible places a sufficient supply of cold potable water (as per IS) will be C.1.43 During Engineer, provided and maintained. If the drinking water is obtained Entire Project site. Contractor Potable Water Construction MPWD. from an intermittent public water supply then, storage tanks will be provided. C.1.44 All sanitary facilities shall be cleaned four times daily and All Construction During Contractor Engineer, Mizoram State Roads Project - II Environmental Management Plan for C-Z road Environmental Responsibility Mitigation Measures1 Cross reference2 Location3 Time Frame4 Impact/Issue Implementation Supervision Hygiene atleast twice during working hours. Receptacles shall be Labourers’ Camps Construction MPWD. tarred inside and outside at least once a year. All temporary accommodation must be maintained in such a fashion that uncontaminated water is available for drinking, cooking and washing. Garbage bins must be regularly emptied and the garbage disposed off in a hygienic manner. Adequate health care is to be provided for the work force. Unless otherwise arranged for by the local sanitary authority, arrangement for disposal of excreta shall be made by putting a layer of night soils at the bottom of a permanent tank prepared for the purpose and covering it with 15 cm layer of waste or refuse and then covering it with a layer of earth for a fortnight (by then it will turn into manure). On completion of the works, all such temporary structures shall be cleared away, all rubbish burnt, excreta or other disposal pits or trenches filled in and effectively sealed off and the outline site left clean and tidy, at the Contractor’s expense, to the entire satisfaction of the Engineer. The Contractor shall take all necessary measures for the MoST: 301.5 Sapian Maksak in During Contractor C.1.45 safety of traffic during construction and provide, erect and Muwalkwai village Construction Protection/Mitigati maintain such barricades, including signs, at km9.55 Engineer, on of Religious All necessary and adequate care shall be taken to minimize Mangkhaia Lung MPWD. Structures and impact on cultural properties. in Zotlang village Shrines All conservation and protection measures will be taken up at km 3.4 as per design. All fossils, coins, articles of value of antiquity and structures and other remains or things of geological or C.1.46 archaeological interest discovered on the site shall be the Chance found property of the Government, and shall be dealt with as per During Engineer, Entire Project site. Contractor Archaeological provisions of the relevant legislation. Construction MPWD. property The contractor shall take reasonable precaution to prevent his workmen or any other persons from removing and damaging any such article or thing and shall, immediately Mizoram State Roads Project - II Environmental Management Plan for C-Z road Environmental Responsibility Mitigation Measures1 Cross reference2 Location3 Time Frame4 Impact/Issue Implementation Supervision upon discovery thereof and before removal acquaint the Engineer of such discovery and carry out the Engineer’s instructions for dealing with the same, awaiting which all work shall be stopped 100m all directions from the site of discovery. The Engineer shall seek direction from the Archaeological Society of India (ASI) before instructing the Contractor to recommence work on the site. Provision, of bus stands, complete with seating C.1.47 arrangement, infrastructure, etc., if any, as per designs shall At locations During Engineer, Roadside be taken up. Contractor indicated in the DPR Construction MPWD. Amenities The design layout drawings and specifications of the various roadside amenities shall be as per the engineering design. Road furniture including footpaths, railings, storm water drains, crash barrier, traffic signs, speed zone signs, pavement markers and any other such items will be At locations as per C.1.48 provided as per design given in the Bid Documents. During Engineer, the detailed design. Contractor Road Furniture Intersections, rotaries, traffic islands, roadside protection Construction MPWD. and other structures or furniture shall be constructed, complete with the landscape elements as per landscape strategy. O-1.: Operation Stage Silt fencing, Oil & Grease traps, etc. shall be provided at O.1.1 sensitive water bodies to ensure that the water quality is not Water quality As specified in the As per Monitoring impaired due to contaminants from road run-off. MPWD and/or MPCB MPWD degradation due to monitoring plan plan Monitoring shall be carried out as specified in the road run-off Monitoring plan O.1.2 Contingency plans to be in place for cleaning up of spills of Framework at Contamination of oil, fuel and toxic chemicals. Entire Project State and Sector Flying Squad of the Motor Motor Vehicles Soil and Water Spill of oil, fuel and automobile servicing units without corridor. Level is expected Vehicles Department. Inspector. Resources from adequate disposal systems in place to be discouraged. to be developed. Spills Accidents Mizoram State Roads Project - II Environmental Management Plan for C-Z road Environmental Responsibility Mitigation Measures1 Cross reference2 Location3 Time Frame4 Impact/Issue Implementation Supervision Depending on the level of congestion and traffic hazards, traffic management plans will be prepared. O1.3 Traffic control measures including speed limits to be All along the Project MPWD, Local Through Traffic and enforced strictly. corridor and Government Bodies, MPWD Operation Stage. Accident Safety Road control width to be enforced. Local government surrounding areas. Development Authorities. bodies and development authorities will be encouraged to control building development along the highway. Compliance with the Hazardous Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989 including: For delivery of hazardous substances, permit license, O1.4 driving license and guidance license will be required. Accidents Hazardous wastes Framework Public security, transportation and fire fighting departments All along the Project MPWD, Motor involving (Management and Expected to be MPWD, Motor Vehicles will designate a special route for vehicles delivering corridor and Vehicles Hazardous Handling) Rules, During Early Department. hazardous material. These vehicles will only be harboured at surrounding areas Department. Materials 1989. Operation Stage. designated parking lots. In case of spill of hazardous materials, the relevant departments will be intimated at once to deal with it with the spill contingency plan. O.1.5 Conservation measures in the biodiversity rich areas include Through out project As per the Institution/NGO selected MPWD Biodiversity the contributed restriction of access to these. corridor monitoring plan by MPWD Monitoring by way of transects at locations identified will During the provide important feedback for this and other such projects. lifetime of the No development shall be allowed along the bio-diversity project rich or ecological identity area, if found subsequently. MPWD Village Councils Trees planted along the corridor shall be maintained for a period of three years. Maintenance works include, watering Immediately from O.1.6 Road side ToR for Tree of the saplings, replacement of the bamboo fence every year All along the corridor the planting of NGO / CBO MPWD tree plantation plantation for 3 years and all necessary measures for survival of the sapling sapling. CHAPTER-4 REPORTING SYSTEM 4.1 Reporting system Reporting system provides the necessary feedback for project management to ensure quality of the works and that the program is on schedule. The rationale for a reporting system is based on accountability to ensure that the measures proposed as part of the Environmental Management Plan get implemented in the project. The reporting system will operate linearly with the contractor reporting to the Supervision Consultant, who in turn shall report to the MPWD. All reporting by the contractor and Supervision Consultant shall be on a quarterly basis. The MPWD shall be responsible for preparing targets for each of the identified EMP activities. All subsequent reporting by the contractor shall be monitored as per these targets set by the MPWD before the contractors move on to the site. The reporting by the Contractor will be a monthly report like report of progress on construction and will form the basis for monitoring by the MPWD, either by its own Environmental Engineer/s or the Environmental Specialist hired by the Supervision Consultant. The monitoring and the subsequent reporting would include: Monitoring of facilities at construction camps Monitoring of air, noise, soil and water parameters including silt load Monitoring of survival rate of trees planted on valley slopes Monitoring of cleaning of drains and water bodies Monitoring for biodiversity – protection measures during construction phase Monitoring of bio-engineering measures suggested Table 4.1: Monitoring and Reporting Process and Responsibilities Supervision Consultant (SC) MPWD World Bank (WB) Format Oversee/ Field Item Timing Reporting to Report to No. Supervision Compliance Desired Supervision MPWD WB Monitoring CONTRACTOR MOBILISATION AND SITE CLEARANCE Reporting by contractor Before start of M1 to SC for dumping As required As required Quarterly Half yearly construction locations CONSTRUCTION PHASE Monitoring of Before start of C1 construction site and Quarterly Quarterly Half yearly work construction camp Target sheet for After C2 As required After Monitoring Half yearly Pollution Monitoring Monitoring Target sheet for Tree C3 Monthly Quarterly Quarterly Half yearly Yearly cutting Target sheet for C4 monitoring of cleaning Monthly Monthly Quarterly Half yearly Yearly Culverts 35 Supervision Consultant (SC) MPWD World Bank (WB) Format Oversee/ Field Item Timing Reporting to Report to No. Supervision Compliance Desired Supervision MPWD WB Monitoring Target sheet for protection measures at Before start of C5 specific locations where work at the Quarterly Quarterly As required Half yearly Yearly endangered flora is location found Yearly Monitoring sheet for Before start of C6 specific endangered flora Quarterly Quarterly As required Half yearly work locations to be protected OPERATION PHASE As per Target sheet for After O1 Monitoring After Monitoring Half yearly Pollution Monitoring Monitoring Plan Target sheet for roadside After Once after completing O2 Quarterly plantation monitoring plantation Target sheet for After Twice during operation O3 monitoring of cleaning Quarterly monitoring phase culverts Monitoring of Landslide After Twice during operation O4 As required As required clearance Monitoring phase 36 CHAPTER-5 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS 5.1 Proposed institutional set up In line with the EMF for implementation of EMP for this road it has been proposed that Executive engineer (Environment) will be in charge for the implementation of EIA and EMP for this road. He will be assisted by Assistant Engineer (Environment), who will be assisted by a Junior Engineer, and an Environment Specialist of Supervision consultant and contractor (Refer Figure 4.1). Chief Engineer (Roads), PWD, Govt. of Mizoram Project Director, PIU, PWD Environment specialist Executive Engineer Super vision Consultant (Environment) Assistant Engineer (Env.) Environment specialist contractor Group-1 roads 2- JEE C-Z road Fig 4.1 Proposed institutional set up for EMP implementation in C-Z road C-C roads Group-1 Supervision Consultant. The construction roads supervision consultant are expected to have in- house capacity to advise on and supervise the implementation of the EMP including suggesting enhancement design options and nay modifications, if needed. For this purpose, the supervision consultant will employ a full-time environmental specialist. Non-Governmental Organizations. The C-Z Road requires undertaking plantation and maintenance and protection of vegetation in addition to compensatory plantation as part of environmental mitigation and enhancement works. Similarly, spoils will be used, where possible, to crate community assets on demand/ request of the community. In these types of works, C-C Road project may engage NGO or CBO. 37 Roles and responsibilities of PIU environment cell, consultant and contract at different stages of the project starting from project preparation stage to implementation of the project are summarized in Table 5.1 below. Table 5.1 Institutional frame work for EMF implementation Activity Phase PIU Consultant Contractor Environment cell Environmental Pre- Preparation of ToR for : activities: Construction: Preliminary screening Conduct field survey Project Screening Prepare preliminary screening Identification Scoping report & Pre-feasibility Employ environmental Categorization of the project as Studies. Consultants per WB requirement Environmental Consultation with stake Prepare environmental Screening holders screening report Categorization of the project as per GOI requirement Feasibility Study: Preparation of ToR for Conduct EIA/SIA Study: Environmental EIA Collect baseline data Assessment (if required) Ensure continuing public consultation & participation Communities Identify & predict impacts Prescribe/develop mitigation measures with local inputs Prepare EIA/ report & submit to PIU Engineering Employ consultant- Finalise analysis of alternatives Design Engineers Minimise the impact by design 38 change Monitor EMP & other impact mitigation Project Review/Approve of EIA Modify EIA Implement EMP Appraisal & Conduct Survey &  Modify and Prepare EMP Establish & maintain Design Submit the report to PIU Approval support activities (in Participate in design of Contract health, education alignment, etc awarding & other services & Implementation infrastructural facilities for labourers & communities) Construction Phase Contract consultants & See that environmental damages Assure local labourers contractors are avoided or mitigated & stakeholders Prepare work schedule participate in See that beneficial impacts are Monitor & review reports construction & taken identified and enhanced Encourage contractors implementing EMP, to employ local labourers Manage labour Check the ToRs & arrangements ensure that social & environmental action plans are followed 5.2 Institutional arrangement for monitoring In order to ensure that the proposed mitigation measures have the intended results and comply with GoI and World Bank requirements, an environmental performance monitoring arrangement for Monitoring of Environmental Issues has been proposed as described in table 10.1. Table 5.2 Institutional arrangement for Monitoring of Environmental Issues SN Issue Procedure Timing Responsibility A. Pre-Construction Incorporation of mitigation Review detail PIU, PWD 1 During project measures and environmental design/drawings of the approval guidelines project 39 2. Prior to Contractor Location of camp sites and Review of camp location PIU, PWD, mobilization location of plants Approval of layout of camp and plants 3. Prior to Contractor Statutory clearances from Review of documents and PIU, PWD mobilization different agencies like- clearance certificates. Pollution control board, mining department, Revenue department etc. B. During Construction Construction and location Site inspections at During active PIU, Contractor, 4 of drainage facilities. places where such construction. Local NGOs. drains are required. PIU, Contractor, 5. Proper use of Site observation and Whenever blasting explosives for discussion with local takes place. blasting. people and workers 6 Care and safe storage of Inspection of site Monthly during PIU, Contractor, top soil for later use. clearance practices, top construction. soil storage sites Care for vegetation in the Inspection of site Bi-Weekly during PIU, Local 7. clearance activities. construction. NGOs, Contractor RoW and immediate vicinity 8. Safeguarding of drinking Site observation During and PIU, Local water sources. immediately after NGOs, Contractor construction in the water source vicinity. Disposal of spoil materials Disposal site observation Weekly. PIU, Local 9. and other construction and disposal practice NGOs, Contractor wastes Impacts on agricultural land Site observation and PIU, Local 10. due to spoil disposal/soil discussion with local Weekly NGOs, Contractor people erosion/water-logging due to construction Observation of Periodically PIU, Local 11. reclaimed disposal sites NGOs, Contractor Reclamation of disposal sites 12 Plantation of vegetation in PIU, Local Observation of sites Periodically the cut slope NGOs, Contractor 40 13 Immediately after Timely construction of other Observation of sites PIU, Local construction slope protection measures, NGOs, Contractor such as, retaining walls. 14 Quality of surface water. Water testing Construction site PIU, Local near NGOs, Contractor a water body 15 PIU, Local Operation and closure of Site inspection, During quarry quarries and borrow pits discussion with operation or bi- NGOs, Contractor confirmed to the workers and local weekly requirements related to people. location, vegetation protection, soil conservation, erosion control, siltation and stability concerns. 16 Air pollution near Observation of Periodically PIU, Local settlements construction practices NGOs, Contractor and consultation with local residents and workers 41 Chapter 6 - TRAINING 6.1 NEED FOR TRAINING Staff of MPWD entrusted for MSRP II – RCTP is already in place and are overseeing the project preparation activities. However, there is lack of environmental and social expertise. This deficiency should be mitigated as soon as possible to enable the MPWD in integrating the social and environmental issues in its day-to-day operation and in internalising the environmental and social issues in the future road development projects. To achieve this goal, staff of MPWD, need to be trained on road development and environment management and the effective implementation of the environmental issues. 6.2 Target of proposed training The training programme should equip the members of the Environmental cell to implement and supervise the EMP and expose senior members of the MPWD to environmental and social issues associated with the highway projects. Such a group of senior staff can then be given the responsibility of active dissemination of the culture of environmental/social consciousness and ethics within the rest of the organisation. Once the staff of the MPWD have received training and have gained experience through the implementation of the EMP, they should be ready to resume leadership role within the MPWD in providing training and in implementing future projects. In order to disseminate environmental experience gained by the MPWD, each staff would be required to maintain good records and prepare dissemination notes on specific issues and problems encountered and resolved, and how the experience gained could be integrated in future road projects. Competent members of the MPWD should be offered additional environmental training and should be encouraged to train other staff. 6.3 Training for Capacity enhancement To enable the PWD in integrating the social and environmental issues in its day-to-day operation and in internalizing the environmental and social issues in the existing and future road development projects training is conceived. To achieve this goal, the MPWD, needs training on road development and environment management and the effective implementation of the environmental issues. Training proposed for capacity development in EMF document of MSRP-II RTCP (Refer EMF) will also be applicable for this project because this project is a component of MSRP II- 42 RTCP. The training to be undertaken need to be of relevance to the specific context of the roads in Mizoram, focusing on the following issues:  Conservation of biodiversity  Slope stability and vulnerability to landslides  Siting criteria for identification of dumping sites  Harnessing water resources, including rain water harvesting  Concepts of bio-engineering and application of bio-engineering techniques for slope protection Type of training envisaged are summarized in the table below. Training for Implementation of Environmental Management Framework S. No. Training Recipients Content of the module Module – I Environmental staff of “Environmental and Environmental overview:Key issues, Social Management Cell”. Associated NGOs in implementation and Methodology, Public Consultation, staff associated with construction Value Addition supervision Module – II Members of PWD staff involved in Mizoram State Road Project: supervising up-gradation corridor, NGO Environmental Impact Assessment representatives; Social Impact Assessment, Environmental Management Plan, Slope protection Module - III Contractors’ representatives; NGO Institutional Framework for representatives; Supervision Consultants’ Implementation of MSRP: The role of representatives; Members of PWD staff the PWD, The responsibilities of the involved in supervising up-gradation Supervision Consultant and the NGO corridor, Reporting requirements, Contractual Obligations and Environmental Protection. Module – IV Members of PWD staff involved in Special Issues in MSRP-2: Bio- supervising Major Maintenance, Diversity Assessment and Upgradation; NGO staff implementing the Conservation, Geo-morphological R&IPDP; District Officials & Members of Assessment and Slope Protection special committees – MVAC and GRC Consultation and Counselling, Income generation and Economic Rehabilitation Preparation of Micro-plans 43 S. No. Training Recipients Content of the module Module – V Members of the PWD; Selected Officers of Improved Co-ordination with other the line Departments such as Forests, departments: Overview of the MSRP Officials of the Pollution Control Board, Environmental & Social Impacts of Mining and Geology department the proposed improvements Statutory permissions – procedural requirements, Co-operation with the Forests Department, Co-operation with the Revenue Department Module – VI Members of PWD involved in MSRP Long-term issues in Planning Roads development in Mizoram Environmental & Social Assessment Methodology, Preparation of EMP & RAP, Stability of Hill Roads and mitigation measures, Conserving bio- diversity along roadside, Highway related diseases and AIDS Consultation tools and techniques. 6.4 Logistical Support Required Besides the trainings, there are various logistic supports including various items that need to be procured for the effective and efficient functioning of Environmental Cell, these, include but not limited to, the following: equipments for monitoring noise levels, digital Camera and adequate computing facilities to allow the documentation unit to be self-sufficient etc. The cell should have access to one licensed copy of the latest version of the software useful for environmental wing. These could include CALINE-4 (for air pollution modeling from traffic emissions), SOUND 32 (for traffic noise) and a fugacity-based model (for predicting the behaviour of volatile/hazardous material that might spill on the road. A well-stocked library with books and manuals related to environmental impacts of infrastructure in general and roads in particular, would be an advantage, etc. 44 CHAPTER 7 : ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN 7.1 Environmental monitoring The monitoring programme is devised to ensure that the envisaged purposes of the project are achieved and result in desired benefits to the target population. To ensure effective implementation of the EMP, it is essential that an effective monitoring programme be designed and carried out. The environmental monitoring programme provides such information on which management decision may be taken during construction and operational phases. It provides basis for evaluating the efficiency of mitigation and enhancement measures and suggest further actions that need to be taken to achieve the desired effect. The monitoring includes:  Visual observations;  Selection of environmental parameters at specific locations;  Sampling and regular testing of these parameters. 7.2 Objectives of Environmental monitoring programme The objectives of environmental monitoring programme are:  Evaluation of the efficiency of mitigation and enhancement measures;  Updating of the actions and impacts of baseline data;  Adoption of additional mitigation measures if the present measures are insufficient;  Generating the data, which may be incorporated in environmental management plan in future projects. 7.3 Monitoring methodology Monitoring methodology covers the following key aspects: Components to be monitored; parameters for monitoring of the above components; monitoring frequency; monitoring standards; responsibilities for monitoring; direct responsibility, overall responsibility; and monitoring costs. Environmental monitoring of the parameters involved and the threshold limits specified are discussed below. AMBIENT AIR QUALITY (AAQ) MONITORING Ambient air quality parameters recommended for monitoring road transportation developments are PM10 ,PM 2.5, Carbon Monoxide (CO), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) and Lead (Pb). These will be monitored at designated locations starting from the commencement of construction activity. Data should be generated at all identified locations in accordance to the National Ambient Air Quality Standards ,2009 (Table 7.1).The location, duration and the pollution parameters will be 45 monitored and the responsible institutional arrangements are detailed out in the Monitoring Plan (Table 7.4 ) Table 7.1 : National Ambient Air Quality Standards (2009) 46 Source : Central Pollution Control Board, Delhi. *Average Arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken for a week 24 hourly at uniform interval. **24 hourly/8 hourly values should meet 98 percent of the time in a year 47 WATER QUALITY MONITORING The physical and chemical parameters recommended for analysis of water quality relevant to road development projects are pH, total solids, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, oil and grease, COD, chloride, lead, zinc and cadmium. The location, duration and the pollution parameters to be monitored and the responsible institutional arrangements are detailed in the Environmental Monitoring Plan. The monitoring of the water quality is to be carried out at all identified locations in accordance to the Indian Standard Drinking Water Specification – IS 10500: 1991 (stated in Table-7.2 ) Table-7.2 : Indian Standard Drinking Water Specification-IS 10500:1991 Requirement Undesirable Effect Permissible Limit in Methods of Sl. Substance or (Desirable Outside the Desirable the Absence of Test (Ref. To Remarks No. Characteristic Limit) Limit Alternate Source IS) Essential Characteristics 1 Colour, Hazen 5 Above 5, consumer 25 3025 (Part 4) Extended to 25 only if units, Max. acceptance decreases 1983 toxic substances are not suspected, in absence of alternate sources 2 Odour Unobjectiona - - 3025 (Parts a) Test cold and when ble 5):1984 heated b) Test at several dilutions 3 Taste Agreeable - - 3025 (Part 7 and Test to be conducted 8) only after safety has 1984 been established 4 Turbidity NTU, 5 Above 5, consumer 10 3025 (Part 10) - Max. acceptance decreases 1984 5 Ph Value 6.5 to 8.5 Beyond this range, the No relaxation 3025 (Part 11) - water will affect the 1984 mucous membrane and/or water supply system 6 Total hardness (as 300 Encrustation in water 600 3025 (Part 21) - CaCO3) MG/1, supply structure and 1983 Max adverse effects on domestic use 7 Iron (as Fe) mg/1, 0.3 Beyond this limit 1 32 of 3025 : - Max taste/appearance are 1964 affected, has adverse effect on domestic uses and water supply structures, and promotes iron bacteria 8 Chlorides (as CI) 250 Beyond this limit, taste, 1000 3025 (Part 32) - mg/1, Max corrosion and palatability 1988 are affected 9 Residual, free 0.2 - - 3025 (Part 26) To be applicable only chlorine, mg/1, Min 1986 when water is chlorinated. Tested at consumer end. When protection against viral infection is required, it should be Min 0.5 mg/1 Desirable Characteristics 1 Dissolved solids 500 Beyond this palatability 2000 3025 (Part 16) - mg/1, Max decreases and may cause 1984 gastro intestinal irritation 2 Calcium (as Ca) 75 Encrustation in water 200 3025 (Part 40) - mg/1, Max supply structure and 1991 adverse effects on 48 Requirement Undesirable Effect Permissible Limit in Methods of Sl. Substance or (Desirable Outside the Desirable the Absence of Test (Ref. To Remarks No. Characteristic Limit) Limit Alternate Source IS) domestic use 3 Magnesium (as 30 Encrustation to water 100 16, 33, 34 of IS - Mg), mg/1, Max supply structure and 3025: 1964 adverse effects on domestic use 4 Copper (as Cu) 0.05 Astringent taste, 1.5 36 of 3025: - mg/1, Max discoloration and 1964 corrosion of pipes, fitting and utensils will be caused beyond this 5 Manganese (as Mn) 0.1 Beyond this limit 0.3 35 of 3025: - mg/1, Max taste/appearance are 1964 affected, has adverse effects on domestic uses and water supply structures 6 Sulphate (as 200 200 Beyond this causes gastro 400 3025 (Part 24) May be extended up to SO4) mg/1, Max intestinal irritation when 1986 400 provided (as Mg) magnesium or sodium are does not exceed 30 present 7 Nitrate (as NO2) 45 Beyond this, may cause 100 3025 (Part 34) - mg/1, Max methaemoglobinemia 1988 8 Fluoride (as F) 1 Fluoride may be kept as 1.5 23 of 3025: - mg/1, Max low as possible. High 1964 fluoride may cause fluorosis 9 Phenolic 0.001 Beyond this, it may cause 0.002 54 of 3025: - compounds (As objectionable taste and 1964 C6H5OH) mg/1, odour Max 10 Mercury (as Hg) 0.001 Beyond this, the water No relaxation (see Note) To be tested when mg/1, Max becomes toxic Mercury ion pollution is suspected analyser 11 Cadmium (as Cd), 0.01 Beyond this, the water No relaxation (See note) To be tested when mg/1, Max becomes toxic pollution is suspected 12 Selenium (as Se), 0.01 Beyond this, the water No relaxation 28 of 3025: To be tested when mg/1, Max becomes toxic 1964 pollution is suspected 13 Arsenic (As As) 0.05 Beyond this, the water No relaxation 3025 (Part 37) To be tested when mg/1, max becomes toxic 1988 pollution is suspected 14 Cyanide (As CN), 0.05 Beyond this limit, the No relaxation 3025 (Part 27) To be tested when mg/1, Max water becomes toxic 1986 pollution is suspected 15 Lead (as Pb), mg/1, 0.05 Beyond this limit, the No relaxation (see note) To be tested when Max water becomes toxic pollution is suspected 16 Zinc (As Zn). 5 Beyond this limit it can 15 39 of 3025: To be tested when Mg/1, Max cause astringent taste and 1964) pollution is suspected an opalescence in water 17 Anionic detergents 0.2 Beyond this limit it can 1 Methylene-blue To be tested when (As MBAS) mg/1, cause a light froth in extraction pollution is suspected Max water method 18 Chromium (As 0.05 May be carcinogenic No relaxation 38 of 3025: To be tested when Cr6+) mg/1, Max above this limit 1964 pollution is suspected 19 Poly nuclear - May be carcinogenic - - - aromatic above this limit hydrocarbons (as PAH) g/1, Max 20 Mineral oil mg/1, 0.01 Beyond this limit 0.03 Gas - Max undesirable taste and Chromatographi odour after chlorination c method take place 49 Requirement Undesirable Effect Permissible Limit in Methods of Sl. Substance or (Desirable Outside the Desirable the Absence of Test (Ref. To Remarks No. Characteristic Limit) Limit Alternate Source IS) 21 Pesticides mg/1, Absent Toxic 0.001 - - Max 22 Radioactive materials: 58 of - 3025:01964 23 a) Alpha emitters - - 0.1 - - Bq/1, Max 24 Beta emiters pci/1, - - 1 - - Max 25 Aluminium (as Al), 200 Beyond this limit taste 600 13 of 3025:1964 - mg/1, Max becomes unpleasant 26 Aluminium (as 0.03 Cumulative effect is 0.2 31 of 3025: - A1), mg/1, Max reported to cause 1964 dementia 27 Boron, mg/1, Max 1 - 5 29 of 3025: - 1964 Source: Indian Standard Drinking Water Specification-IS10500:1991 NOISE LEVELS MONITORING The measurements for monitoring noise levels would be carried out at all designated locations in accordance to the Ambient Noise Standards formulated by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in 1989 (refer Table 7.3) Sound pressure levels would be monitored on twenty-four hour basis. Noise should be recorded at an “A” weighted frequency using a “ slow time response mode” of the measuring instrument. The location, duration and the noise pollution parameters to be monitored and the responsible institutional arrangements are detailed in the Environmental Monitoring Plan (Table-7.4). Table 7.3: Noise Level Standards (CPCB) Noise level for Day Noise level for Km. Time Leq dB(A) Night Time Industrial area 75 70 dB(A) Commercial area 65 55 Residential area 55 45 Silence zone 50 40 Day time - 6.00 am - 9.00 pm (15 hours) Night time - 9.00 pm - 6.00 am (9 hours) The monitoring plan along with the environmental parameters and the time frame is presented, environmental monitoring plan. Monitoring Plan The monitoring plan for the various performance indicators of the project in the construction and operation stages is summarised in the Table 7.4 50 Table 7.4 : Environmental Monitoring Plan MONITORING Institutional responsibility Env. Project Implementatio Supervisio component Stage Parameters Special Guidance Standards Location Frequency Duration n n Dust sampler to Air be located 50 m (Prevention Contractor from the plant in and Control Continuous SPM, RSPM, Hot mix Quarterly through Engineer, Construction the downwind of 24 hours/ or SO2, NOX, CO, plant/Batchin for three approved MPWD stage direction. Use Pollution) for 1 full HC g plant years monitoring method specified Rules, working day agency by CPCB for CPCB, analysis 1994 Air Dust Sampler to Air be located 40 m (Prevention from the Stretch of the Contractor and Control Continuous earthworks site road where Quarterly through Engineer, Construction of 24 hours/ or SPM, RSPM downwind construction is for three approved MPWD stage Pollution) for 1 full direction. Use in progress years monitoring Rules, working day method specified site agency CPCB, by CPCB for 1994 analysis Grab sample End of collected from summer Contractor pH, BOD, source and Water As directed by before the through Construction COD, TDS, analyse as per quality the Engineer Engineer, onset of - approved stage TSS, DO, Oil & Standard Methods standards (At maximum MPWD monsoon monitoring Grease and Pb for Examination by CPCB 5 locations) every year agency of Water and for 3 years Wastewater Water Quality Grab sample collected from End of pH, source and Water As directed by summer Operation BOD,COD,TD analyse as per quality the Engineer before the - MPWD MPWD stage S,TSS, DO, Pb, Standard Methods standards (At maximum onset of Oil and Grease. for Examination by CPCB 5 locations) monsoon of Water and Wastewater 51 MONITORING Institutional responsibility Env. Project Implementatio Supervisio component Stage Parameters Special Guidance Standards Location Frequency Duration n n Flooding locations Water to be identified quality and choked drains, standards of water bodies CPCB and Thrice in Flooding and All along the under going cleaning monsoon Cleaning of corridor + siltation and shall be to and post- - MPWD MPWD drains/water land slide subject to debris the monsoon bodies location disposal should satisfaction seasons. monitored under of the cleaning engineer operations (MPWD) Readings to Once every be taken at Free field at 1 m month Contractor 15 seconds from the Noise (max) for through Engineer, Noise levels on At equipment interval for equipment whose standards three years, approved MPWD dB (A) scale yards 15 minutes noise levels are by CPCB as required monitoring every hour being determined. by the agency and then engineer Construction averaged. Noise levels stage Readings to Equivalent noise Thrice a be taken at levels using an Contractor As directed by year for 15 seconds integrated noise Noise through Engineer, Noise levels on the Engineer three years interval for level meter kept at standards approved MPWD dB (A) scale (At maximum during the 15 minutes a distance of 15 by CPCB monitoring 5 locations) construction every hour from edge of agency period. and then pavement averaged. As Turbidity in specified by Pre- Storm water the As directed by monsoon Construction engineer the Engineer and post- Supervision Soil Erosion - MPWD stage Silt load in MPWD / (At maximum monsoon Consultant ponds, water Water 5 locations) seasons for courses quality three years standards 52 MONITORING Institutional responsibility Env. Project Implementatio Supervisio component Stage Parameters Special Guidance Standards Location Frequency Duration n n To the Monitoring of: The parameters satisfaction 1. Storage Area mentioned are of the Construction At Storage Quarterly in 2. Drainage further elaborated MPWD and Sites and Construction area and the Arrangements in the reporting the Engineer MPWD Construction Stage construction construction 3. Sanitation in format C1. These standards Camps camps stage. Construction are to be checked given in the Camps for adequacy. reporting form. Comparison At locations 1 time Construction Species with pre- Bio-diversity Quadrate method selected by Quarterly evaluation at Engineer MPWD stage diversity project engineer each site situation Selection of locations as advised by 1 time Bioengineering Operation Vegetation Geotechnical Quarterly evaluation at Engineer MPWD measures Stage cover (sq.m) personnel of each site Engineer The study location Monitoring of to be identified in At vulnerable soil movement consultation with 1 time Geo Construction land slide Fortnight GSI using pegs/bolts Geotechnical measurement Engineer location on cut slopes Expert of Engineer Landslides The study location Monitoring of to be identified in At vulnerable soil movement consultation with 1 time Operation land slide Fortnight GSI MPWD using pegs/bolts Geotechnical measurement location on cut slopes Expert of Engineer 53 Chapter -8 ; ENVIRONMENTAL BUDGET FOR Champhai - Zokhawthar Road Environmental Budget for upgradation corridor Mitigation / Enhancement COMPONENT STAGE ITEM Unit Unit Cost (INR) QUANTITY Total Cost (INR) Construction of vegetated bamboo crib wall width 1.2m & height 1.5m including providing and suppling Vegetated bamboo crib wall Construction Rm 660 5,000 33,00,000 bamboo, binding wire cutting, plantation of vegetation/grass, making benching and backfilling Furnishing and laying of the live sods of perennial turf forming grass on embankment slope, verges or other location shown on the drawing or as directed by the Turfing with Sods Construction Sgm 50 20,000 1,000,000 engineer including preparation of ground, fetching of rods and watering complete as per MoRT &H specification 307 Sprinkling of water in the settlement and working area 8,40,000 AIR Construction Month 20,000 42 as per instruction of SC WATER Pre-construction Hand pump No. 90,000 3 270,000 Compensatory afforestation, in accordance with Forest Conservation Act (1980) as per guideline provided in No 500 1000 500,000 EMP Additional tree plantation along valley slopes as per No 30 15000 450,000 guideline provided in EMP Chapter - 5 FLORA Construction Maintenance Grant to local NGOs for ensuring No 30 15000 450,000 survival as per guideline provided in EMP Provision of bamboo tree guards for the trees 500m on either side of villages as per guideline provided in m 50 3000 150,000 EMP CONSERVATION OF Provision of barbed wire fencing along realignment Construction m 150 2000 300,000 BIODIVERSITY guideline provided in EMP Mitigation designs for endangered plant species as per m 200 250 50,000 guideline provided in EMP Bioengineering measures for protection of slopes STABILITY OF SLOPES sq. m. 60 40000 2,400,000 As per guideline provided in EMP ENVIRONMENTAL Construction Enhancement of water harvesting points No. 75,000 4 300,000 ENHANCEMENTS (A) Mitigation / Enhancement Costs 10,010,000 Monitoring Monitoring near all hot mix plant locations AIR Construction approved by the Engineer as per NAAQS ,2009 No. of Samples 5000 for 3-sample set 12 60,000 CPCB 54 Mitigation / Enhancement COMPONENT STAGE ITEM Unit Unit Cost (INR) QUANTITY Total Cost (INR) Monitoring at construction sites in tandem with construction Engineer as per NAAQS ,2009 No. of Samples 5000 for 3-sample set 12 60,000 CPCB At locations specified in the monitoring plan as Construction No. of Samples 5,000 10 50,000 per IS 10,500 & IS 2296 WATER QUALITY At four locations specified in the Monitoring Plan Operation No. of Samples 5,000 10 50,000 as per IS 10,500 & IS 2296 At equipment yards as directed by the Engineer as Construction No. of Samples 1000 40 40,000 per CPCB guideline 1989 NOISE At locations of compensatory plantation, All along Operation the corridor as per CPCB guideline 1989 No. of Years 30,000 3 90,000 No. of Visits of Construction Monitoring survival 50,000 3 150,000 Monitoring team Bio Engineering Measures No. of Visits of Operation Monitoring effectiveness 50,000 3 150,000 Monitoring team Construction & No. of Visits of Bio Diversity study Monitoring of impact on biodiversity 50,000 3 150,000 operation Monitoring team (B) MONITORING COSTS 800,000.00 Protection of disposal sites Will be covered in Retaining wall 3m height Construction m 1310 Will be covered in engineering cost engineering cost Will be covered in Gabion wall 3m height Construction m 3120 Will be covered in engineering cost engineering cost Will be covered in Side draim Construction m 1000 Will be covered in engineering cost engineering cost (C) Protection of disposal sites cost Will be covered in engineering cost Training & Mobilisation Training Construction and As per modules 1 to 5 developed for MSRP No. of modules Will be covered with other roads Operation Advocacy and policy making Operation Erection of hoardings indicating the biological No. 5,000 20 100,000 diversity, and scenic views along the project route 55 Mitigation / Enhancement COMPONENT STAGE ITEM Unit Unit Cost (INR) QUANTITY Total Cost (INR) Holding meetings for policy planning and subsequent Year 100,000 2 200,000 review meetings with the Revenue Department, local representatives, town-planning authorities, NGOs, etc. regarding development controls especially w.r.t biodiversity preservation and landuse development studies Administrative charges Construction Data processing, administrative support, stationery Month 30,000 42 12.60,000 including Logistics etc. Miscellaneous items Digital Handy Cam for the Environmental Cell No 40,000 1 40,000 Portable sound level meter No 25,000 2 50,000 (D) Training & Mobilisation Costs 16,50,000.00 TOTAL BUDGETED COSTS 1,24,60,000 (INR) (Rupees one crore twenty four lakh sixty thousand). 56 Chapter 9: Specifications 9.0 SPECIFICATIONS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ENHANCEMENT WORKS 9.1 Jungle Clearance Jungle clearance shall comprise uprooting of rank vegetation, grass, brushwood, shrubs, stumps, trees and saplings of girth upto 30 cm. Measured at a height of one meter above the ground level. Where only clearance of grass is involved it shall be measured and paid for separately. 9.2 Uprooting of Vegetation The roots of trees and saplings shall be removed to a depth of 60 cm. Below ground level or 30 cm. Below formation level or 15 cm below sub grade level, whichever is lower. All holes or hollows formed due to removal of roots shall be filled up with earth rammed and leveled. Trees, shrubs, poles, fences, signs, monuments, pipe lines, cables etc. within or adjacent to the area which are not required to be disturbed during jungle clearance shall be properly protected by the contractor at his own cost and nothing extra shall be payable. 9.3 Staking and Disposal All useful materials obtained from clearing and grubbing operation shall be staked in the manner as directed by the Engineer. Trunks and branches of trees shall be cleared of limbs and tops and stacked neatly at places indicated by the Engineer- in – charge. The materials shall be the property of the Government. All unserviceable materials, which in the option of the Engineer cannot be used or auctioned, shall be removed up to a distance of 50 m. outside the periphery of the area under clearance. It shall be ensured by the contractor that unserviceable materials are disposed off in such a manner that there is no likelihood of getting mixed up with the materials meant for construction. 9.4 Felling Trees Felling: While clearing jungle, growth trees, above 30 cm. Girth (measured at a height of one meter above ground level) to be cut, shall be approved by the Engineer-in-charge and then marked at the site. Felling trees shall include taking out roots up to 60 cm. below ground level or 30 cm. below formation level or 15 cm. below sub-grade level, whichever is lower. All excavations below general ground level arising out of removal of trees, stumps etc. shall be filled with suitable material in 20 cm. layers and compacted thoroughly so that the surface at these points confirm to the surrounding area. The trunks and branches of trees shall be cleared of limbs and tops and cut into suitable pieces as directed by the Engineer-in-charge. Staking of disposal: Wood branches, twigs of trees and other useful material shall be the property of the Government. The serviceable materials shall be staked in the manner as directed by the Engineer-in-charge cannot be used or auctioned shall be removed from the area and disposed off as per the directions of the Engineer-in- charge. Care shall be taken to see that unsuitable waste materials are disposed off in such a manner that there is no likelihood of these getting mixed with the materials meant for construction. 57 9.5 Other various specification Earthwork Excavation in all kinds of soil All Excavation operation shall include excavation and getting out the materials. In case of excavation trenches ‘getting out’ shall include throwing the excavated materials at a distance of at least one meter or half the depth of excavation, whichever is clearer off the edge of excavation. During the excavation the natural drainage of the area shall be maintained. Excavation shall be done from top to bottom. Under mining or under cutting not be done. The excavation shall be done true to levels, slope shape & pattern indicated by the engineer in charge. Filling Lumps and colds exceeding 8 cm. in any direction shall be broken. Each layer shall be watered and consolidated with steel rammer or ½ tone roller. Where specified every third & top most layer shall also be consolidated with power roller of minimum 8 tones. The Top & sides of the filling shall be neatly raised. The contractor shall make good of substance & shrinkage in each filling embankments traverse etc. during execution and fill the completion of works. Fencing Chain Link Fencing MATERIALS The chain link mesh shall be of 1.5 standard and of an approved brand. The angle sizes shall be as per drawings. The iron angles have to be free from rust, cracks and blowholes. SPACING OF POSTS AND STRUTS The spacing of post shall be as per drawings or as directed by the supervision engineer. Fixing of posts and struts will be as shown in the drawings. The angle iron must be split at the bottom for fixing in the concrete base. FIXING OF THE FENCING The chain link mesh shall be fixed with angle posts by means of 8mm diameter bolts. The holes for the bolts shall be made 300mm centre to centre on the iron sections. The bottom of the fencing must be at a height of 14cm from the ground level. The fencing top shall be horizontal to the ground. 58 Silt Fencing MATERIALS The wire mesh and geotextile miraf shall be of approved standard and brand. The iron sections to be used as struts shall be of IS standard and free from rust, cracks etc. ASSEMBLE The angles are to be assembled as per drawing and directions of supervision engineer. The mesh has to fixed with the frame after the geotextile miraf is fixed with the mesh. FIXING The fencing shall be fixed at site in such a manner that the geotextile miraf is placed next to the silt. 59 HORTICULTURAL AND LANDSCAPING WORKS General SCOPE Contractor to furnish all materials, labour and related items necessary to complete the work indicated on drawing and specified herein. Materials PLANT MATERIALS Plant Materials shall be well formed and shaped true to type, and free from disease, insects and defects such as knots, sun-scaled, windburn, injuries, abrasion or disfigurement. All plant materials shall be healthy, sound, vigorous, free from plant diseases, insect’s pests, of their eggs, and shall have healthy, well-developed root systems. All plants shall be hardy under climatic conditions similar to those in the locally of the project. Plants supplied shall to confirm to the names listed on both the plan and the plant list. No plant material will be accepted if branches are damaged or broken. All material must be protected from the sun and weather until planted. Any nursery stock shall have been inspected and approved by the Environmental Specialist of the Engineer. All plants shall confirm to these requirements specified in the plant list. Except that plants larger then specified may be used if approved, but use of such plants shall not increase the contract price. If the use of the larger plant is approved, the spread of roots or ball of earth shall be increased in proportion to the size of plant. Deliver plants with legible identification labels. TOP SOIL (GOOD EARTH) Top soil or good earth shall be a friable loam, typical of cultivated top soils of the locality containing at least 2% of decayed organic matter (humus). It shall be taken from a well-drained arable site. It shall be free of subsoil, stones, earth skids, sticks, roots or any other objectionable extraneous matter or debris. It shall contain no toxic material. No topsoil shall be delivered in a muddy condition. It shall have pH value ranging between 6 to 8.5. FERTILIZER Dry okhla sludge can be used. Measurement of sludge shall be in stacks, with 8% reduction for payment. It shall be free from extraneous matter, harmful bacteria insects or chemicals. (Subjected to safety norms). ROOT SYSTEM The root system shall be conducive to successful transplantation. While necessary, the root-ball shall be preserved by support with Hessaian or other suitable material. On soils where retention of a good ball is not possible, the roots should be suitably protected in some other way, which should cause any damage to roots. 60 CONDITION Trees and shrubs shall be substantially free from pests and diseases, and shall and shall be materially undamaged. Torn or lacerated roots shall be pruned before dispatch. No roots shall be subjected to adverse conditions such as prolonged exposure to drying winds or subjection to water lodging, between lifting and delivery. SUPPLY AND SUBSTITUTION Upon submission of evidence that certain materials including plant materials are not available at time of contract, the contractor shall be permitted to substitute other and plants, with an equitable adjustment of price. All substitutions shall be of the nearest equivalent species and variety to the original specified and shall be subjected to the approval of the Landscape Architect. PACKAGING Packaging shall be adequate for the protection of the plants and such as to avoid heating or drying out. MARKING Each specimen of tree and shrub, or each bundle, shall be legibly labeled with the following particulars: Its name. The name of the supplier, unless otherwise agreed. The date of dispatch from the nursery. Tree Planting PLANTS AND SHRUBS Trees should be supplied with adequate protection as approved. After delivery, if planting is not to be carried out immediately, balled plants should be placed check to check and the ball covered with sand to prevent drying out. Bare rooted plants can be heeled in by placing the roots in prepared trench and covering them with earth which should be watered into avoid air pockets round the roots. Trees and shrubs shall be planted as shown in architectural drawings and with approval of site supervision. DIGGING OF PITS Tree pits shall be dug a minimum of three weeks prior to backfilling. The pits shall be 120cms in diameter and 120cms deep. While digging the pits, the topsoil upto a depth of 30cms may be kept aside, if found good (depending upon site conditions), and mixed with the rest of the soil. If the side of the below, it shall be replaced with the soil mixture as specified further herein. If the soil is normal it shall be mixed with manure; river sand shall be added to the soil if it is heavy. The bottom of the pit shall be forked to break up the subsoil. BACK FILLING The soil back filled watered through end gently pressed down, a day previous to planting, to make sure that it may not further settle down after planting. The soil shall be pressed down firmly by treading it down, leaving a shallow depression all round for watering. 61 PLANTING No tree pits shall be dug until final tree position has been pegged out for approval. Care shall be taken that the plant sapling when planted is not be buried deeper than in the nursery, or in the pot. Planting should not be carried out in waterlogged soil. Plant trees at the original soil depth; soil marks on the stem is an indication of this and should be maintained on the finished level, allowing for setting of the soil after planting. All plastic and other imperishable containers should be removed before planting. Any broken or damage roots should be cut back to sound growth. The bottom of the planting pit should be covered with 50mm to 75mm of soil. Bare roots should be spread evenly in the planting pit; and small mound in the center of the pits on which the roots are placed will aid on even spread. Soil should be placed around the roots, gently shaking the tree to allow the soil particles to shift into the root system to ensure close contact with all roots and prevent air pockets. Back fill soil should be firmed as filling proceeds, layer by layer, care being taken to avoid damaging the roots, as follows: 200gms of 13% Lindane dust (Lindane dust is not allowed to be used, chlorocyriphos dust) shall be sprinkled on walls of pit, and initially pit shall be filled to 200 depth with earth mixed with 50gms of Lindane dust or chlorocyriphos dust. The balance earth shall be filled in a mixture of 1:3 (1 part sludge to 3 part earth by volume) rn and 50gms potash, (Mop) 50gms of Super Phosphate and 1Kg. Neem oil cake. Aldrin or equivalent shall be applied every 15 days in a mixture of 5ml in 5 litres of water. STAKING Newly planted trees must be held firmly although not rigidly by staking to prevent a pocket forming around the stem and newly formed fibrous roots being broken by mechanical pulling as the tree rocks. Methods: The main methods of staking shall be: (A) A single vertical shake, 900mm longer than the clear stem of the tree, driven 600mm to 900mm into the soil. (B) Two stakes as above driven firmly on either side of the tree with a cross bar to which the stem is attached. Suitable for bare- rooted or Ball material. (C) A single stake driven in at an angle at 45 degrees and leaning towards the prevailing wind, the stem just below the lowest branch being attached to the stake. Suitable for small bare- rooted or Ball material (D) For plant material 3m to 4.5m high with a single stem a three- wire adjustable guy system may be used in exposed situations. The end of stake should be pointed and the lower 1m to 1.2m should be coated with a non- injurious wood preservative allowing at least 150mm above ground leveI. Tying Each tree should be firmly secured to the stake so as to prevent excessive movement. Abrasion must be avoided by using a buffer, rubber or Hessian, between the tree and stake. The tree should be secured at a point just below its lowest branch, and also just above ground level; normally two ties should be used for tree. These should be adjusted or replaced to allow for growth. 62 WATERING The Landscape Contractor should allow for the adequate watering in of all newly planted trees and shrubs immediately after planting and he shall during the following growing season, keep the plant material well watered. FERTILISING Fertilising shall be carried out by application in rotation of the following fertilisers, every 15 days from the beginning of the monsoon till the end of winter: Sludge or organic well-rotted dry farm yard manure: 0.05 cum or tussle. Urea 25gm. Ammonium sulphate 25gm. Potassium sulphate 25gm. All shrubs, which are supplied pot grown, shall be well soaked prior to planting. Watering in and subsequent frequent watering of summer planted container- grown plants is essential. Shrub Planting In Planter Beds All areas to be planted with shrubs shall be excavated, trenched to a depth of 750mm, refilling the excavated earth after breaking clods and mixing with sludge in ratio 8:1 (8 parts of stacked volume of earth after reduction by 20%: 1 part of stacked volume of sludge after reduction by 8%.) Tall shrubs may need staking, which shall be provided if approved by the Contracting 05cer, depending upon the conditions of individual plant specimen. For planting shrubs and ground cover shrubs in planters, good earth shall be mixed with sludge in the proportion as above and filled in planters. Positions of planters shall be planted should be marked out in accordance with the architectural Drg. When shrubs are set out, precautions should be taken to prevent roots drying. Planting holes 40cmdia. And 40cm deep should be excavated for longer shrubs. Polythene and other non-perishable containers should be removed and any badly damaged roots carefully pruned. The shrubs should then be set in holes so that the soil level, after settlement, will be original soil mark on the stem of the shrub. The ho e should be back filled to half of its depth and firmed by treading. The remainder of the soil can then be returned and again firmed by treading. Grassing The specifications for grassing/turfing are to be referred from ‘specifications for Roads and Bridge works’ by MOST, Section300, Clauses 307.1, 307.2 307.3. PREPARATION During period prior to planting, the ground shall be maintained free from weeds. Grading and preparation of the area shall be completed at least three weeks prior to the actual sowing. Regular watering shall be continued until sowing by dividing the area into portions of approximately 5 m squares by constructing small bunds to retain water. These ‘bunds’ shall be l evelled just prior to sowing of grass plants; it shall be ensured that the soil has completely settled. 63 SOIL The soil itself shall be ensured to the satisfaction of Landscape Architect to be a good-Fibrous loam, rich in humus. SOWING THE GRASS ROOTS Grass roots (cynodon dectylon or a local genus approved by the Landscape Architect) shall be obtained from a grass patch, seen and approved before hand. The grass roots stock received at site may be stored shall be manually cleared of all weeds and water sprayed over areas is scheduled for a later date fresh stock of grass roots shall be ordered and obtained. EXECUTION Small roots shall be dibbled about 5 cm apart into the prepared grounds. Grass will only be accepted as reaching practical completion when germination has proved satisfactory and all weeds have been removed. MAINTENANCE As soon as the grass is approximately a 3 cm high it shall be rolled with a light wooden roller – in fine, dry weather – and when it has grown to 5 to 8 cms, above to the ground weeds must be removed and regular cutting with the scythe and rolling must be begun. A top-dressing of an ounce of guano to the square yard or well decomposed well broken sludge manure shall be applied when the grass is sufficiently secure in the ground to bear the mowing machine, the blades must be raised an inch above the normal level for the first two or three cuttings. That is to say, the grass should be cut so that it is from 4 to 5 cms in length, instead of the 3 cm necessary for mature grass. In the absence of the rain, in the monsoon, the lawn shall be watered every ten adys heavily, soaking the soil through to a depth of at least 20 cms. Damage failure or dying back of grass due to back neglect of watering especially for seeding out normal season shall be the responsibility of the contractor. Any shrinkage below the specified levels during the contract or defect liability period shall be rectified at the contractor’s expanse. The contractor is to exercise care in the use of rotary cultivator and mowing machines to reduce to a minimum the hazards of flying stones and brickbats. All rotary mowing machines are to be fitted with safety guards. ROLLING A light roller shall be used periodically, talking care that the area is not too wet and sodden. EDGING These shall be kept neat and must be cut regularly with the edging shears. FERTILISING The area shall be fed once in a month with liquid manure prepared by dissolving 45 grms of ammonium sulphate in 5 litres of water. WATERING Water shall be applied at least once in three days during dry weather. Watering whenever done should be thorough and should wet the soil at least up to a depth of 20 cms. 64 WEEDING Prior to regular mowing the contractor shall carefully remove rank and unsightly weeds. Maintenance CULVITATING The Landscape Contractor shall maintain all pIanted areas within Landscape contract boundaries for one year until the area is handed over in whole are in phases. Maintenance shall include replacement of dead plants, watering, weeding, cultivating, control of insects, fungus and other diseases by means of spraying with an approved insecticide or fungicide, pruning, and other horticulture operations necessary for proper growth of the plants and for keeping the landscape sub-contract area neat in appearance. PRUNING AND REPAIRS Upon completion of planting work of the landscape sub-contract all trees should be pruned and all injuries repaired where necessary. The amount of pruning shall be limited to the necessary to remove dead or injured twigs and branches and to compensate for the loss of roots and the result of the transplanting operations. Pruning shall be done in such a manner as not to change the natural habit or special shape of trees. TREE GUARDS Where the tree guards are necessary, care should be taken to ensure that they do not impede natural movement or restrict growth. Two types of tree guards are proposed on the Grand Trunk circular iron tree guards and barbed wire fencing, the specifications for which one given below: Circular Iron Tree Guard with Bars (Refer Figure 1) The tree guard shall be 50 cm. in diameter. The tree guards shall be formed of (i) 3 Nos. 25x25x3mm angle iron verticals 2.00m long excluding splayed outward at lower end upto an extent of 10 cms. (ii) 3 Nos. 25x25mm MS flat rings fixed as per design (iii) 15 Nos. 1.55 metres long 6mm dia bars. Each ring shall be in two parts in the ratio of 1:2 and their ends shall be turned in radially for a length of 4 cm at which they are bolted together with 8mm dia and 30mm long MS bolts and nuts. The vertical angle irons shall be welded to rings along the circumference with electric plant 15 Nos. bars shall be welded to rings at equal spacing along the circumference of ring. The lower end of the angle iron verticals shall be splayed outwards upto an extent of 10cm. The lower end of the flat of lower ring shall be at a height of 45cm. and upper end of the flat of top ring shall be at the height of 2.00 metres. The middle ring shall be in the center of top and lower ring. The bars shall be welded to rings as shown in the drawing. The entire tree guard shall be given two coats of paint of approved brand and of required shade over a priming coat of ready mixed primer of approved brand. The design of the tree guard shall be as shown in the drawing. 65 Figure-1, Circular Tree Guard Barbed Wire Fencing with Angle Iron Posts Materials: Barbed wire shall be as per IS-278. The angle shall be 40x40x6, free from rest, cracks and blowholes. Spacing of Post & Streets: The spacing of post shall be 3.00m centre to centre, unless otherwise specified or as directed by engineers to dimensions, which shall be nearest to the 3m. Last but one end post’s and corner post shall be strutled on both side and end post on one side only. Fixing of post & struts shall be as shown in drawing the angle iron must be split at bottom end. Fixing Barbed Wire: The barbed wire shall be stretched and fixed in specified number of rows and two diagonals. The bottom row should be 14 cm above ground level and rest @12.5 cm centre to centre. The diagonal weir shall be stretched between adjacent posts from the top wire of one post to the bottom weir of 2nd post. The barbed wire shall be held by tearing the holes of 10mm dia in the post and tied with GI wire turn buckles and straining bolts shall be used at the end post. NURSERY STACK Planting should be carried out as soon as possible after reaching the site, Where planting must be necessity he delayed, care should be taken to project the plants form pilfering or damage from people animals. Plants with bare-roots should be heeled- in as soon as received or otherwise protected from drying out, and others set closely together and protected from the wind. If planting is to be delayed for more than a week, packaged plants should be unpacked, the bundles opened up and each group of plants heeled in separately and clearly labeled. If for any reason the surface of the roots becomes dry the roots should be thoroughly soaked before planting. COMPLETION On completion, the ground shall be formed over and left tidy. 66 SPECIAL CONDITIONS AND PARTICULAR SPECIFICATONS. 1. Landscape Architect mentioned herein shall mean ______________________, ___________________________________________ and/or any person nominated by him. 2. Wherever applicable, work shall be done according to C.P.W.D. specifications, in vogue, at the time of invitation of tender. 3. Water shall be made available, near the tube well at one point. Contractors shall make their own arrangement for drawing water from there. Water charges at ___________ of value of work done shall be deducted from the contractors Bills. 4. If electricity is required for the works, the same shall be made available at one point within the site of works, for which recovery @ Rs. ____________________ per Kwh. shall be made from the contractors’ bill. 5. The work included in the schedule of Quantities include grassing as well as planting of trees and shrubs. 'Contractors' quoted rates shall include execution of these works at different levels and nothing extra shall be paid for any item, for working at these levels. 6. The Contractor (s) shall wt be entitled to any compensation for any loses suffered by him and/or revision in the rates originally quoted by him. a. On account unforeseen delay in commencing the work, whatever the cause of such delays be. b. On account of reduction in the scope of work. c. On account of suspension of work, or abandon after award of work. 7. The Contractor shall provide all facilities to Landscape Architect / Project Engineer and / or his authorized representa5ves to make frequent inspection of their Nursery and ascertain the process / quality of various categories of trees/plants etc., grown by them. 8. Contractors' quote rate shall include the cost of transportation of tools and plants to and from the site, sales tax, excise duty, octroi, etc. It shall be clearly understood that no claim for any extra payment on account of sales tax, excised duty, octroi etc., shall be entertained alter the opening of the tender. 9. The safe custody and up-keep of various categories of plants brought to site is the sole responsibility of the contractor and he shall employ sufficient supervisory personnel to ensure the safety of these items. 67 10. The site of work may be handed over to the contractors for shall of work in phases, as soon as the same are available and the contractor in turn hall work in these areas forthwith. Nothing extra shall be payable for such phased execution of work. 11. While excavating / executing the work the contractors shall ensure that e existing cables / pipe lines / structures / fittings are not damaged and if due to his negligence, these are damaged, the same shall be s right with no extra cost to the clients. 12. The Contractor shall co-ordinate his work with other agencies employed by the Clients and ensure that the work of other agencies are not hampered in any way during the duration of contract. 13. The Contractor shall keep the site of works neat and clean during the execution of the work. Any debris found at or near the site of work shall be rescued immediately as and when so required by the landscape Architect / Project Engineer. 14. On completion of the work, the site of work shall be thoroughly cleaned and all debris removed before the work is handed over satisfactorily. 15. The Contractors shall, without any additional charge to the clients, renew or replace any dead or defective plants/grass and shall fully maintain the whole landscape for a period of 12 months after the certified date of completion. 16. "General condition of contract and standard contract Forms of shall also form part of the contract. 17. Trees shall be of minimum length as specified in the schedule of quantities and shall be straight and symmetrical with a crown and having a persistent main stem. The size of crown shall be in good over all proportion to the height of the tree. 18. Small trees and shrubs shell be well formed with e crown typical of the species or variety. 19. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF PLANTS: Plants shall be typical of their species and variety, well developed branches, and well foliated with fibrous root system. Plants shall be free from defects and injuries. Plants shall not be pruned before planting. Plants shall be free from defects and injuries. Plants shall not be pruned before planting. Plants shall not be freshly dug and nursery grown. Nursery grown plants shall have been at least once transplanted. Bark shall be free from abrasion. 68 All trees, soon after planting, shall be properly supported with bamboo stocks to ensure their safety against winds or any other factor, which may affect it adversely. 20. PROTECTION OF “TREE TO BE PRESERVED” The contractor shall be responsible for the protection of tops, trunks and roots of existing trees on site. Existing trees subject to the construction damage shall be boxed, fenced or otherwise protected before any work is started. 21. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF EARTH MANURE AND FERTILISERS EARTH: Good earth shall be agricultural soil of loamy texture, free from kankar, morrum, shingles, rocks, stones, building rubbish and any other foreign matter. The earth shall be free from clods or lumps of sizes bigger than 50mm in any direction. It shall have pH ranging between 6.5 to 7.5 MANURE: Manure shall be of well decayed organic matter obtained in dry state from the Municipal dump or other similar source approved by the Project Engineer. The manure shall be free from earth, stone or other extraneous matter. Manure shall be supplied, at site well screened. FERTILIERS: If the soil tests indicate pH value not as per the above specification namely between 6.5 to 7.5, following measures need to be taken. If pH exceeds 7.5, aluminium sulphate or equivalent fertilizer should be added at the rate of 1 kg per cubic metre to lower the pH by one full point. If pH is below 6.5, add ground limestone or equivalent fertilizer at the rate of 1 kg per cubic metre to raise pH by one full point. 69 Annexure-1 Guideline for camp locations and camp GUIDELINES FOR SANITATION AND HOUSE KEEPING AT THE LABOUR /CONSTRUCTION CAMPS SITE SELECTION  The construction camps will be located at least 200 - 500 m away from habitations at identified sites. The living accommodation and ancillary facilities for labour shall be erected and maintained to standards and scales approved by the resident engineer.  All sites used for camps must be adequately drained. They must not be subject to periodic flooding, nor located within 200 feet of swamps, pools, sink holes or other surface collections of water unless such water surface can be subjected to mosquito control measures.  The camps must be located such that the drainage from and through the camps will not endanger any domestic or public water supply.  All sites must be graded, ditched and rendered free from depressions such that water may get stagnant and become a nuisance. WATER SUPPLY  An adequate and convenient water supply, approved by the appropriate health authority, must be provided in each camp for drinking, cooking, bathing and laundry purposes.  Potable water supply systems for labour camps occupants shall be as per the design approved by the Local Public Health Engineering Department and meet the water quality standards as prescribed by the State Pollution Control Board. In addition, the design of water system facilities shall be based on the suppliers Engineer’s estimates of water demands.  The drinking water system must be monitored in accordance with the water quality parameters as prescribed by the State Pollution Control Board. The water supply system used for cooking purposes that is drained seasonally must be cleaned, flushed, and disinfected prior to use. Furthermore, a water sample of satisfactory bacteriologic quality, i.e. a sample showing not more than one coliform bacteria per 100 ml sample must be obtained before being placed into service.  At all construction camps and other workplace, good and sufficient water supply shall be maintained to eliminate chances of waterborne/water -related/water -based diseases to ensure the health and hygiene of the workers. 70 TOILET FACILITIES AND HYGIENE  There shall be adequate supply of water, close to latrines and urinals.  Within the precincts of every workplace, latrines and urinals shall be provided in an accessible place, and the accommodation, separately for each of these, as per standards set by the Building and other Construction Workers (regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996. Except in workplaces provided with water - flushed latrines connected with a water borne sewage system, all latrines shall be provided with dry - earth system (receptacles) which shall be cleaned at least four times daily and at least twice during working hours and kept in a strict sanitary condition. Receptacles shall be tarred inside and outside at least once a year.  Toilet facilities adequate for the capacity of the camp must be provided. Each toilet room must be located so as to be accessible, without any individual passing through any sleeping room.  A toilet room must be located within 200 feet of the door of each sleeping room. No toilet may be closer than 100 feet to any sleeping room, lunch area or kitchen.  Where the toilet rooms are shared, such as in multifamily shelters and in barracks type facilities, separated toilet rooms must be provided for each sex. These rooms must be distinctly marked “for men” and “for women” by signs printed in English and in the native language of the persons occupying the camp, or marked with easily understood pictures or symbols. If the facilities for each sex are in the same building, they must be separated by solid walls or partitions extending from the floor to the roof or ceiling.  Urinals must be provided on the basis of one unit or 2 linear feet of urinal trough for each 25 men. The floor from the wall and for a distance not less than 15 inches measured from the  Outward edge of the urinals must be constructed of materials impervious to moisture. Where  Water under pressure is available, urinals must be provided with an adequate water flush.  Urinals troughs in privies must drain freely into the pit or vault, and the construction of this drain must be such as to exclude flies and rodents from the pit. WASTE DISPOSAL  The sewage system for the camp must be designed, built and operated to the satisfaction of the concerned local State Govt. Department so that no health hazard 71 occurs and no pollution to the air, ground or adjacent watercourse takes place. Compliance with the relevant legislation must be strictly adhered to.  Garbage bins must be provided in the camps and regularly emptied and the garbage disposed off in a hygienic manner to the satisfaction of relevant norms.  Unless otherwise arranged for by the local sanitary authority, arrangement for disposal of excreta by incineration at the workplace shall be made by means of a suitable incinerator approved by the local medical health or municipal authorities. Alternatively, excreta may be disposed of by putting a layer of night soils at the bottom of permanent tank prepared for the purpose and covering it with 15 cm layer of waste or refuse and then covering it with a layer of earth for a fortnight (by then it will turn into manure).  On completion of the works, all such temporary structures shall be cleared away, all rubbish burnt, excreta tank and other disposal pits or trenches filled in and effectively sealed off and  the outline site left clean and tidy, at the Contractor’s expense, to the entire satisfaction of the  engineer FIRST AID  Injuries might occur during the construction period. It is therefore pertinent to provide first aid facilities for all the construction workers. At construction camps and at all workplaces first aid equipment and nursing staff must be provided. Since many of the workplaces may be far away from regular hospitals, an indoor health unit having one bed facility every 250 workers needs to be provided.  Adequate transport facilities for moving the injured persons to the nearest hospital must also be provided in ready to move condition.  The first aid units should apart from an adequate supply of sterilized dressing material should contain other necessary appliances as per the factory rules MAINTENANCE  All buildings, rooms and equipment and the grounds surrounding them shall be maintained in a clean and operable condition and be protected from rubbish accumulation.  All necessary means shall be employed to eliminate and control any infestations of insects and rodents within all parts of any labor camp. This shall include approved screening or other control of outside openings in structures intended for occupancy or food service facilities. 72  Each structure made available for occupancy shall be of sound construction, shall assure adequate protection against weather, and shall include essential facilities to permit maintenance in a clean and operable condition. Comfort and safety of occupants shall be provided for by adequate heating, lighting, ventilation or insulation when necessary to reduce excessive heat.  Each structure made available for occupancy shall comply with the requirements of the Uniform Building Code. This shall not apply to tent camps 73 Annexure - II Guidelines for identification of debris disposal sites The locations of dumping sites have to be selected such that -  No residential areas are not located downwind side of these locations,  Dumping sites are located at least 100m away from locations given in Annexure - V, biodiversity assessment of the location is to be carried out for identified locations. Biodiversity expert hired for the purpose by the contractor will conduct the assessment.  Dumping sites do not contaminate any water sources, rivers etc, and  Dumping sites have adequate capacity equal to the amount of debris generated.  Public perception about the location of debris disposal site has to be obtained before finalizing the location.  Permission from the Village Council President is to be obtained for the dumping site selected Annexure – III Guidelines for disposal of debris The cutting activities shall generate an earthwork of 0.1 million cu.m./km i.e in MSRP-2 amount of excavated earth will be about 46.6 million cu.m . The disposal of which is an issue of concern. Earth generated from cutting will be utilised as construction fill material and also for building road subgrade. Remaining needs to be disposed at dumping locations. This remaining earth shall be disposed off in an environmentally suitable manner. Certain guidelines for debris disposal are given below.  The debris generated shall be disposed of within designated areas only.  The filled up area shall be used for designated purposes such as: a) Playing fields  These will be created by leveling of the filled up area and compacting the fill with several passes of a roller.  This compacted area will be covered with topsoil from excavation for a depth of 15-30 m. 74  The soil will be watered and grassed to develop a green cover over an area of the playing field. b) Short realignments  The short realignments provide ideal disposal sites for substantial quantities of debris of cutting.  The valley between the sharp curve shall be filled to the level of the sub-grade.  A retaining wall of dimensions as per engineering design shall be constructed and the road section shall be constructed on the filled area. Debris will be continued to fill till the level of the top of the pavement is reached between the new and old roads. Annexure -IV Location of dump sites Chainage Chainage Sl.No. Remarks Sl.No. Remarks From To From To 1 1.280 1.310 LHS 9 22.950 23.400 LHS 2 1.860 1.950 RHS 10 24.370 24.470 LHS 3 2.960 3.035 RHS 1. Play ground at 800m from road alignment chainage km 17.50 4 4.510 4.850 RHS 2. Play ground at 70 m from road alignment chainage km 9.3 5 14.100 14.160 LHS 3. Play ground at 90m from road 6 18.450 19.010 LHS alignment chainage km 9.3 4. Play ground at km 2.6 to km 2.8 7 20.180 20.450 RHS 5. Zotlang football ground 8 20.540 21.220 LHS 75 Annexure V Land slide prone area Major land slide prone areas were not noticed during the field visit to the project stretch. However same minor land slide was noticed during field visit in following locations – Km. 8+700 , Km. 8+900, Km. 9+400, Km. 14+900,Km 15+300,Km 15+500 Km 15+900,Km16+300,Km. 18+600,Km 19+200, Km 22+800During construction following area will be considered as land slide risk zone and will contribute more land slide – Km 7+640 to Km 9+200 and Km 17+050 to Km 24+300 76 Annexure –VI: Drawings for high hill cutting 77 78 Annexure VII List of cross drainage The project road traverses through mountainous and steep terrains with several natural drainages such as deep gorges, depressions, etc., where perennial water and rain water runoff are collected. Sometimes the storm runoff is accompanied by large quantities of debris from upstream side of the nallahs. Cross-drainage structures/culverts are required at these locations. From the field survey and investigations and geometric design of alignment the requirement of culverts for the whole length of the project have been identified. Type of Chhumkhum - Sr.No. Description Span X Depth culvert Chawngte Road 1 Type -1 Pipe Culvert 1.2 D 32 2 Type - 2 Pipe Culvert 1.2 D 94 3 Type - 3 Pipe Culvert 1.2D 65 4 Type – 1 Box Culvert 1.5 X 1.5 33 5 Type – 2 Box Culvert 2.0 X 2.0 2 6 Type – 3 Box Culvert 3.0 x 3.0 2 7 Type - 4 Box Culvert 6.0 x 4.0 1 Total 229 79 Annexure VIII Oil Interceptor SECTION Figure : Oil and Grease -B-B Interceptor 80 Annexure IX List of quarries Source of rock and sand Construction materials for GSB, WMM, DBM ,BC, Cross drainage & Masonry R/Wall etc. works, will be available at Patea (Champhai), Pa Zualtea (Zotlang), Zarzoliana, Tuichang, C.Malsawma Khawzawl quarry and Tiau River . Sand from Tiau river at end of proposed alignment and Tuipui River which is 13 Km from takeoff point have been proposed for road construction.. Annexure-X List of water bodies The project road traverses through mountainous and steep terrains with several natural drainages such as deep gorges, depressions, etc., where perennial water and rain water runoff are collected. Some minor seasonal stream crossings noticed along the project roads are :  Tuipui Hnar at km 2.080  Verhpui Lui at km 3.600  Saisih stream at km 7.6  Vawmkaw Lui at 22.400 km  Diul Lui at 21.900 km  Thei ba Lui at km. 23.7 81 Annexure –XI Drawings for Water storage 82 83 Annexure XII Drawings for biodiversity rich area 84 85 86