This note describes a number of innovations taken by some Chinese cities, in particular Jinzhou, Liaoning province, to ensure that urban transport systems are more accessible for the mobility-challenged.
... Voir la suite Public participation by disabled residents in Liaoning province in northeast China has increased awareness and consideration for special needs in the design and implementation of road infrastructure. Jinzhou has convened a series of meetings inviting public participation on the issue of improving traffic infrastructure for use by disabled people. With the introduction of some low or no-cost features, the principle of "people first" for urban transport has been put into practice.
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The World Bank, with support from the Australian Government, conducted in-depth sector studies in three countries of East Asia Pacific - Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam and synthesized the analyses and findings in a single report.
... Voir la suite This report recommends ways these countries and others in the region can expand and improve urban sanitation services in an inclusive and sustainable way.
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This Philippines country study forms part of the East Asia and the Pacific region urban sanitation review that focuses on three of the emerging middle income countries of East Asia: Indonesia, Philippines, and Vietnam.
... Voir la suite The regional review aims to develop a strategic framework to help guide national urban sanitation programs and their implementation in these emerging middle income countries. This country study contributed to the regional review by providing important information on sector operations in the Philippines. The development of urban sanitation in the Philippines needs to be considered in the context of the different situations in Metro Manila and the other parts of the country. The case studies for some urban areas were prepared to see how sanitation operations are carried out in the Philippines and a consultative workshop was held on February 19, 2013 in Manila. The findings of the Philippines country study are briefly presented which complements the findings of the regional report.
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Document de travail 84290 DEC 01, 2013
Kearton, Ross; Ner, Salvador; Ancheta, Christopher; Alvarez, Victor Vazquez; Ignacio, Demilour Reyes; Weitz, Almud; Galing, Ed Karl; de la Torre, Shiela; Trillana, Mari Anne
This study summarizes the main challenges to scaling up access to sustainable sanitation services in the urban areas of three countries in the East Asia and Pacific region-Indonesia, Philippines and Vietnam-and proposes the main steps these countries need to take to redress the status quo.
... Voir la suite The report is divided into four chapters. The first chapter provides an overview of the current level and quality of access to urban sanitation in the region. The second chapter examines the causes leading to the current state of urban sanitation, using four thematic areas: people, technology, institutions and finance. The third chapter identifies those factors that need to be in place to trigger a different way of doing business in the sector and that may ultimately lead to transformational changes. The final chapter proposes recommendations on how countries can upgrade and scale up urban sanitation services.
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Global growth momentum accelerated during the second and third quarters of 2013, while many downside risks lingered in the background. Strengthening of global growth momentum will help developing East Asia maintain a growth rate in excess of 7 percent, retaining its status as the global growth leader.
... Voir la suite Domestic demand, which has been the main driver of growth in the East Asia and Pacific (EAP) region in the post-global financial crisis period, is slowing. The decision by the United States (U.S.) Federal Reserve (Fed) to delay tapering of quantitative easing (QE) has restored capital flows to emerging markets, giving the authorities a second opportunity to take measures to lower risks from future volatility. As the global growth cycle undergoes change, adjustments to fiscal and monetary policy are warranted in many EAP countries. With growth running at or above potential for most countries in the region, progress at upgrading growth and reducing poverty depends crucially on structural reforms. While the balance of risks to base case regional forecast lies on the downside, several upside risks have recently emerged. The three immediate headline risks include a less orderly tapering of the U.S.'s unconventional monetary policies, prolonged fiscal deadlock in the U.S., and a sharper than expected slowdown of the Chinese economy. In this context, the report is divided into following three parts: part one is recent developments and outlook; part two is selected emerging issues; and part three is the medium-term development agenda.
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Overwhelming evidence indicates that climate change, caused in large part by human activities, is already adversely impacting all people, with the very real prospect of worse to come.
... Voir la suite Nevertheless, a global treaty to curb carbon emissions remains elusive. In East Asia, all middle-income countries have set national targets for energy efficiency and renewable energy, and some even have targets for carbon reduction. This report focuses on recent experiences in applying public financing instruments and tries to draw the lessons to date: when and how to use the instruments, which instrument to select, and how to design and implement them. The wide range of financial instruments designed to support and catalyze clean energy investment over the last decade is truly remarkable. Such instruments include credit lines and risk guarantees designed to increase both the capacity and confidence of commercial banks for clean energy lending; dedicated funds and concessional financing mechanisms to kick-start new technologies; mezzanine and equity financing targeted at start-ups; small and medium enterprises and energy service companies; and various consumer financing instruments designed to lower the upfront costs of clean energy equipment. This report systematically reviews the successes and failures of innovative interventions and distills the lessons of applying them. This report is organized in following four parts: part one gives overview; part two focuses on financing energy efficiency; part three focuses on financing renewable energy; and part four focuses on clean energy financing case studies.
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Fast-growing cities in the East Asia and Pacific (EAP) region will define the region's energy future and its greenhouse gas (GHG) footprint. Rapid urbanization and growing standards of living offer a major opportunity to EAP cities to become the global engines of green growth by choosing energy efficient solutions to suit their infrastructure needs and by avoiding locking in energy-intensive infrastructure.
... Voir la suite The underlying studies in three EAP pilot cities show a clear correlation between investments in energy efficient solutions in all major infrastructure sectors and economic growth by improving energy and GHG emissions efficiency, cities not only help the global environment, but they also support local economic development through productivity gains, reduced pollution, and more efficient use of resources. Thus, the Bank is well positioned to assist municipal governments in building institutions, creating policies, developing long-term green growth plans that will attract financial support and investments from both the private sector and the donor community, and linking efficiency and low carbon programs to international concessional financing and funding, as well as to the private sector investors who will play an important role in achieving green growth objectives. This paper is organized as follows: part one focuses on urban energy use and GHG emissions in EAP; part two presents sustainable urban energy and emissions planning in three pilot cities; and part three gives sustainable urban energy and emissions planning guidebook: a guide for cities in EAP.
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The development objective of the Capturing Coral Reef and Related Ecosystem Services (CCRES) Project for East Asia and Pacific is to design and support the uptake of innovative models for valuing mangrove, sea-grass and coral reef ecosystem services with the potential to enhance the sustainability of marine-based enterprise and marine spatial planning in select coastal communities in Indonesia and the Philippines.
... Voir la suite The CCRES project will be financed by a combination of the grant funds from the Global Environment Facility (GEF) international waters focal area and from third parties through co-financing and parallel financing. The current direct co-financing stands at $2.0 million from The University of Queensland, however, parallel financing is also significant with $3.9 million in contributions from various research partners towards salary provisions, project management costs and other resources. An additional $21.9 million in parallel co-financing is contributed from World Bank projects directly linked to CCRES: a) Coral Reef Rehabilitation and Management Program-Coral Triangle Initiative (COREMAP-CTI), and b) Philippines rural development project, which are also part of the GEF IW scaling up partnership program.
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The East Asia and Pacific (EAP) clean stove initiative (CSI) forum is part of the World Bank's EAP CSI regional program, which focuses on achieving access to modern cooking and heating solutions in the EAP region, particularly through the scaled-up access to advanced cooking and heating stoves for poor, primarily rural households, who are likely to continue using solid fuels to meet their cooking and heating needs beyond 2030.
... Voir la suite The objectives of the EAP CSI forum are twofold. The first is to share results from implementing the first phase of the CSI, including reports on initial stocktaking activities in the four participating countries and the intervention strategies. The second is to promote collaboration, learning, and knowledge-sharing as the country initiatives move into their second phase. Market forces and mechanisms are powerful tools for ensuring a sustainable supply of clean cooking stoves and should be harnessed in a way that helps the private sector develop, market, and deliver modern cooking solutions. Thus, the CSI intervention strategy in each country needs to strike the right balance between market-based solutions, including innovative financing mechanisms (for example, results-based financing (RBF), with appropriately targeted subsidies. Government policies are needed to: (i) establish and maintain adequate levels of subsidies; and (ii) design and implement effective subsidy allocation mechanisms to mobilize and sustain private-sector participation in scaling up access to clean stoves. This paper is organized as follows: chapter one is Indonesia: toward universal access to clean cooking, key findings from the CSI; chapter two is Indonesia CSI program: government perspective; chapter three gives CSI implementation activity in Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR); chapter four is China: toward universal access to clean cooking and heating, key findings from the CSI (phase one); chapter five presents development of clean stoves in China; and chapter six is millennium challenge account: Mongolia energy and environment project (2010 to 2013).
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This Indonesia country study forms part of the East Asia urban sanitation review. The review will develop a regional strategic framework to help guide national urban sanitation programs and their implementation in emerging middle income countries.
... Voir la suite Almost half of Indonesia's population lives in urban areas and their need for safe wastewater management services are growing rapidly. Beginning in 2000, the central government embarked on a series of initiatives to reform water supply and sanitation sector policies. These reforms were aligned with decentralization which devolved responsibility for sanitation to the local government. Despite these initiatives, urban sanitation continues to perform inadequately and faces critical issues that need to be urgently addressed. This document presents a detailed analysis of the issue, as well as recommendations for future action.
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