The success of climate adaptation and mitigation often depends on support from local communities. Yet, it remains unclear what strategies are most effective to inform and activate support for climate action...
This paper applies a gender lens to the distributional analysis of Peru’s fiscal system using the Commitment to Equity methodology with data from the 2019 Encuesta Nacional de Hogares. The paper examines...
This paper provides a spatial analysis of coal transition vulnerability in Indonesia. It uses a mixed-methods approach that combines quantitative data on exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity to...
Many African countries are experiencing rapid urbanization. However, job creation has not kept pace, resulting in persistently high urban unemployment rates. Based on basic job search theory, the paper...
This paper provides the first experimental evidence on the long-term effects of work-study programs, leveraging a randomized lottery design from a national program in Uruguay. Participation leads to a...
This Glossary introduces terms and concepts that need to be understood before taking an intersectoral approach to Social Protection and Jobs (SPJ) and fisheries. It is part of the Blue Social Protection...
This report shows how to help advance the Blue Social Protection approach. It includes a list of key questions to ask, together with tables of methodologies and data sources that can help answer these...
The US-China direct flights in mid-2023 were only 7 percent of those available in mid-2019. This quasi-experiment informs the debate on air transport de-carbonization. An estimated structural model shows...
The extent to which women participate in the labor market varies greatly across the globe. If such differences reflect distortions that women face in accessing good jobs, they can reduce economic activity...
Many developing cities are facing rapid population growth and extreme climate events. This paper examines the link between job accessibility and climate vulnerability, using data from Antananarivo, Madagascar...
The paper reexamines how to measure job accessibility in environments with limited data availability and applies different methods to Antananarivo, the capital of Madagascar. Job creation and accessibility...
This paper examines the impact of trade promotion organizations on exports during the COVID-19 pandemic using a World Bank survey. The results suggest that increased trade promotion organization budgets...
Ports are undergoing constant transformation, induced by changes in the global economy, technology, or the environment. Port reform is influenced by factors that include aspirations for change underpinned...
As Ukraine emerges from the devastation of war, it faces a historic opportunity to engineer its own Wirtschaftswunder—a productivity-driven economic transformation akin to post-war West Germany. While...
This paper studies the impact of central bank independence on sovereign borrowing, using an index that captures institutional constraints on central bank lending to the government across 155 countries...
Ethiopia achieves a high overall rate of execution of its health budget. From 2016 to 2021 the health budget execution rate averaged 95 percent of the original budget allocation. The health budget execution...
The Lao People's Democratic Republic has a high execution rate for its overall health budget, ranging from 89 to 104 percent from 2015 to 2019. Aggregated execution rates are generally high across the...
The Solomon Islands government plays key roles in the health sector, as a funder, regulator, and provider of nearly all health services. Health services are funded, managed, and delivered by the Ministry...
The Democratic Republic of Congo is committed to achieving Universal Health Care by 2030. Progress toward this goal faces challenges due to limitations in the execution and allocation of the country's...
Pakistan’s overall national health budget had a high rate of execution from 2016 to 2019, averaging 95 percent. However, execution rates between provinces as well as between categories of spending varied...