This paper describes the most recent developments in the design of ventilated improved pit (VIP) latrines in Zimbabwe. A VIP latrine was developed in Zimbabwe in the 1970s as an odorless, fly-free toilet suitable for use in both rural and low-density urban areas. Recently, the Blair Research Laboratory (Ministry of Health, Zimbabwe) has developed a number of low-cost brick VIP latrines, which are described in this paper. Brick latrines are now preferred...
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INFORMATION
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1985/01/01
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Document de travail (série numérotée)
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11434
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1
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1
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2010/07/01
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Disclosed
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Ventilated improved pit latrines : Zimbabwean brick designs
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annual cost per household
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