The purpose of this report is to bring to the surface some of the worst aspects of human capital underdevelopment, by disaggregating to the extent possible the relevant indicators, thereby hopefully sensitizing...
The paper challenges the production function model of educational evaluation and proposes a new paradigm reflecting the lessons of experience and enriched by the new institutional economics. The current...
The benefits of compensatory bilingual education for a disadvantaged, poor indigenous population as an investment in human capital is significant. Students of bilingual schools in Guatemala have higher...
Relatively little is known about the determinants and consequences of dominant language fluency among linguistic minorities. This paper presents the development of a model of the determinants of dominant...
The paper examines the contribution of agricultural growth to poverty reduction in Pakistan. Total growth in agriculture in Pakistan has been impressive. However, growth was held back by policy distortions...
This paper reports new estimates of the social returns to education, using countries' economic performance during 1960-85 to capture the externalities from education. The results confirm the social profitability...
This paper quantifies both the direct and opportunity costs of primary and secondary schooling, using data from Tanzania. It attempts to clarify how important opportunity costs are to the full private...
Funds for investment (or recurrent expenditure) should often be pre-allocated among competing entities - territorial units, sub-national governments or others-to give substantial weight to population but...
The 1993 World Development Report (WDR), Investing in Health, used the Disability Adjusted Life Year (DALY) to measure the state of health of a population and, together with the concept of cost-effectiveness...
This paper identifies factors important for successful operational collaboration between NGOs and the World Bank. It is now vital to examine the experience with collaboration and assess how its quality...
This paper takes a fresh look at the rationale for state-financed training by going through the classic reasons for government intervention. The author notes an unwarranted similarity between training...
A tax funded voucher system exists when governments make payments to families that enable their children to enter public or private schools of their choice. The payments can be made directly to parents...
This paper reviews the basic concept of the profitability of investment in education and enumerates the various techniques that have been used in the literature to estimate the rate of return to investment...
Interactive technology facilitates modes of processing and/or sharing of information which until recently were unachievable. The expanded potential of the new machines allows them to gather and present...
Since today's prosperous nations were once "developing" countries, it is useful to compare their historical circumstance with those of current developing countries. The characteristics of education in...
As with other sectors, imbalances between demand and supply can occur in the market for health services. But there are also needs for these services, leading to two other potential failures: imbalances...
This paper describes the goals, achievements, and setbacks of an ambitious educational reform attempted in Colombia in 1991. More specifically, it takes up three related questions: what was the reform...
When the Bank began to re-establish formal relations with South Africa around 1990, its image in the country was very negative. Politicians, academics and even some business groups perceived the Bank as...
This report reviews the programs implemented in selected countries to protect the poor during normal times and during transition or adjustment. In particular, two questions are addressed: how have countries...