Poverty has remained nearly stagnant in Niger, with a national poverty incidence of approximately 41 percent from 2018 to 2021. However, due to a high annual population growth rate of 3.7 percent, this...
Indonesia has achieved impressive growth and poverty reduction in the past two decades, while closing gender gaps. Yet, there has been little change in women’s economic participation. The female labor...
This paper examines how women’s fertility responds to increases in their earnings and household wealth, using six experiments conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa. Contrary to predictions that an increase in...
Early marriage restrains women’s agency and bargaining strength in post marital households, impairing their ability to make meaningful contributions to household decision making. This paper employs a comprehensive...
Bangladesh has witnessed notable improvements in health, nutrition, and population (HNP) outcomes over the past decade, especially among urban populations. Between 2007 and 2017-18, there was a decline...
Adolescence is a dynamic period of biological development and social change, and also a period when adolescent girls are at risk of school dropout, early marriage, pregnancy, and gender-based violence...
This paper examines the evolution of Colombian women's participation in the labor market from 1960 to 2018, shedding light on the complex factors that influence their labor opportunities. The study emphasizes...
Au Togo, les inégalités entre les sexes touchent de nombreuses dimensions. Elles commencent dès l'enfance, lorsque les filles sont désavantagées dans l'accès à l'éducation en raison des normes sociales...
Attaining the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and making progress towards Universal Health Coverage (UHC) are at the core of the Government of Congo's concerns.Congo, as most countries in Sub-Saharan...
How do policies that ease the integration of immigrants shape their fertility decisions? This paper uses a panel survey of undocumented Venezuelan migrants in Colombia to compare the fertility decisions...
Egypt’s population program began in the early 1970s and was very successful in bringing down the country’s total fertility rate (TFR), the mean number of children a woman will have by age 50. Key investments...
The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is the largest country in sub-Saharan Africa, by area. The country has a long history of conflict, political upheaval, and instability and has a very high poverty...
This paper uses dozens of large-scale household surveys to measure average changes in fertility following hundreds of droughts, floods, earthquakes, tropical cyclones, other storms, and epidemics in Africa...
A small open economy, Benin has seen growth that is above average for the region. The volatility of high growth spells combined with low productivity growth has translated into limited gains in income...
Armenia experienced dramatic demographic changes in the past three decades: the share of adults age 65 and over nearly doubled, the total fertility rate reduced by more than 30 percent, and the male-to-female...
It is now widely accepted that the future is urban. Over 55 percent of the world’s population lived in urban areas in 2018; by 2050, this proportion will grow to two-thirds. The United Nations calls urbanization...