The global economic context improved modestly in 2024, supported by easing inflation and a rebound in global trade. Kenya’s economy has slowed despite several improving macroeconomic indicators. The external...
The risk of debt distress rating for Tonga remains high. Before the pandemic, Tonga’s indebtedness had gradually declined from FY20152 to FY2019 owing to much-needed fiscal consolidation. Since 2020, however...
This paper analyzes fiscal policy cyclicality, with a specific focus on the Middle East and North Africa region, which is known for its significant output volatility. The paper provides new and more granular...
Current investment trends in emerging market and developing economies are not enough to meet the needs of their growing populations and will fall short of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals related...
The Quality of Expenditure Heatmap (QEH) is a tool that provides information to help assess the quality of public expenditure, comparing expenditure outcomes across countries or groups of countries. Using...
This Kenya Poverty and Equity Assessment documents the recent progress of poverty reduction in Kenya, with a focus on the period between 2005 and 2021. Poverty, based on household consumption expenditure...
This paper identifies two types of policy uncertainty measures–government spending and real interest rates–and their impact on macroeconomic activity in 54 advanced, emerging, and developing economies...
This paper studies the volatility of fiscal policy in a large sample of countries with a focus on emerging markets and developing economies and commodity exporters over 1990–2021. The findings show that...
This report provides an analysis of the Brazilian intergovernmental fiscal transfer system, and presents reform options for the State Participation Fund (Fundo de Participação dos Estados e do Distrito...
This package of policy notes is addressed to Brazilian society and specifically to the Presidential candidates and their teams of economic advisors in the 2018 election. It provides the World Bank’s diagnosis...
This package of policy notes is addressed to Brazilian society and specifically to the Presidential candidates and their teams of economic advisors in the 2018 election. It provides the World Bank’s diagnosis...
El sistema de pensiones en Argentina es el principal receptor de recursos públicos. Esto explica valores de gasto en torno al 12% del PIB, equivalente al 25% del gasto público consolidado; es decir, teniendo...
This policy note presents the main features of the fiscal decentralization framework in Croatia, analyzed in reference to its main components, namely, the territorial-administrative structure, the expenditure...
Ratings for the Inclusive Growth and Fiscal Management Development Policy Operation for Kenya were as follows: overall outcome, relevance of prior actions, and achievement of objectives (efficacy) was...
Tres objetivos para la política fiscal de Colombia en un mundo post-Covid-19: reducir la pobreza, apoyar la actividad económica, y bajar la relación deuda/PIB. Si bien la regla fiscal marca de manera...
The risk of debt distress rating for Tonga remains high. Before the pandemic, Tonga’s indebtedness gradually declined from FY20152 to FY2019 owing to much-needed fiscal consolidation efforts. Since 2020...
This report presents: sample selection; policy choices within sample; policy choices across samples; performance within sample; performance across samples; performance across policies; and data.
Este pacote de Notas de Políticas Públicas é dirigido à sociedade brasileira e especificamente aos candidatos à presidência e sua equipe econômica na eleição de 2018. Ele apresenta o diagnóstico do Banco...
Este pacote de Notas de Políticas Públicas é dirigido à sociedade brasileira e especificamente aos candidatos à presidência e sua equipe econômica na eleição de 2018. Ele apresenta o diagnóstico do Banco...
Over the past twenty years, fiscal policy has become one of the three pillars of macroeconomic stability for Colombia, the other two being the flexible exchange rate and inflation targeting. The credibility...