The employment structure in emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs) differs markedly from that in advanced economies, which has implications for adjustment to cyclical conditions. This paper...
This paper documents the life cycle of formal and informal plants using five waves of the Mexican establishment census. Formal plants begin operations with three times more workers than informal plants...
This study investigates the impact of competition from informal or unregistered firms on the likelihood of formal manufacturing small and medium-size enterprises obtaining internationally recognized quality...
Economic growth is often associated with welfare gains through job creation. However, the number and quality of new job opportunities created in a growing economy vary across countries and sectors, due...
The spatial configuration of domestic supply chains plays a crucial role in the transmission of shocks. This paper investigates the representativeness of formal firm-to-firm trade data in capturing overall...
Haba Haba, which means “bit by bit” in Swahili, is a voluntary pension scheme in Kenya for workers in informal employment and promises to be a scheme through which they can slowly but surely save for their...
This paper examines spillovers in the use of digital technologies from formal to informal businesses by exploring differences in geographic proximity. Using a unique set of geocoded data from the 2019...
This paper describes the state of informal sector work in urban Sub-Saharan Africa, using household surveys from 26 countries representing 61 percent of the population of Sub-Saharan Africa and firm surveys...
Until recently, Nairobi’s informal settlement residents did not have access to household-level piped water and sanitation services. That began to change when, with World Bank support, the Nairobi Water...
Indonesia has made remarkable economic progress since the Asian Financial Crisis. To sustain its growth and achieve high-income status by 2045, it needs to address the long-standing challenge of informality...
Informality is a multidimensional development challenge with features that potentially differ across workers, firms, and countries. This paper first briefly summarizes the literature, discusses the multiple...
The development objective of the Second Phase of the Informal Settlements Improvement Project for Kenya is to enhance access to basic services and tenure security of residents in participating urban informal...
The development objective of the Second Phase of the Informal Settlements Improvement Project for Kenya is to enhance access to basic services and tenure security of residents in participating urban informal...
In many countries, women are the principal recipients of social security programmes as most programmes target vulnerable households and children of which women generally bear the primary responsibility...
The development objective of Second Kenya Informal Settlements Improvement Project is to enhance access to basic services and improve tenure security in urban informal settlements in Kenya. Some of the...
The development objective of Second Kenya Informal Settlements Improvement Project is to enhance access to basic services and improve tenure security in urban informal settlements in Kenya. Some of the...
This paper presents results from the first randomization of a regulatory reform in the health sector. The reform established minimum quality standards for patient safety, an issue that has become increasingly...
While the impact of COVID-19 on Sub-Saharan African labor markets is well documented, there is suggestive evidence that urban households may have fared particularly poorly. This paper uses data from high-frequency...
This paper studies the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on Indonesia’s labor market by exploiting the exogeneous timing of the pandemic in a seasonal difference-in-differences framework. The analysis uses...
This paper investigates the effects of severe drought shocks in Morocco’s agriculture sector. Using a staggered difference-in-differences design, the estimates show that climatic shocks produced job displacement...