trade and investment; debt finance; Public and Publicly Guaranteed; risk of debt; demand for infrastructure services; marginal productivity of capital; negative impact ...  Voir la suite on growth; recipient countries; debt sustainability analysis; public capital; elasticity of output; public investment management; external public debt; dynamic panel data; cost of finance; negative interest rate; publicly guarantee debt; amount of investment; future revenue stream; cost of maintenance; number of workers; exchange rate regime; amount of loan; flexible interest rate; method of moments; dynamic panel regression; trade policy reform; debt service problem; country economic work; external debt information; senior debt; fiscal affair; maturity of loan; public debt dynamics; efficiency of investment; Type of Investment; evolution of debt; access to fund; reliance on bond; list of countries; allocation of risk; loss of revenue; increase in debt; jobs and growth; fixed capital formation; private debt financing; public infrastructure investment; information on investment; availability of fund; cost of construction; overvalued exchange rate; vulnerability of countries; constant interest rate; effect of trade; measure of trade; implicit government guarantee; public sector guarantee; power purchasing agreement; fiscal risk; Learning and Innovation Credit; marginal impact; fiscal gap; production function; physical infrastructure; primary balance; high debt; capital stock; Borrowing Countries; higher growth; unbalanced panel; grace period; constant elasticity; debt datum; fixed effect; investment amount; primary expenditure; infrastructure capital; projection period; financing terms; debt situation; private capital; large debt; empirical estimate; coefficient estimate; real output; standard error; total debt; dynamic model; government effectiveness; grant element; macroeconomic data; price stability; government burden; investment grade; debt relief; positive growth; real gdp; estimate impact; financing structure; bilateral creditor; wind data; electricity investment; investment need; loan term; fiscal cost; loan contract; project plan; external borrowing; underlying asset; foreign debt; Economic Management; explicit guarantee; loan financing; external creditor; infrastructure loan; specific asset; debt guarantee; government institution; physical commodity; export market; project financing; macro risk; public financing; government entity; large-scale infrastructure; moment condition; macroeconomic environment; trade share; trade volume; principal component; average process; lagged dependent; null hypothesis; high inflation; negative coefficient; conditional convergence; data availability; labor productivity; endogenous regressor; positive relationship; external equilibrium; macroeconomic framework; fiscal adjustment; fiscal policy; Fiscal policies; regression analysis; explanatory variable; negative sign; efficiency index; future value; inflation rate; currency overvaluation; Macroeconomic Policy; existing debt; agglomeration economy; transaction cost; private investment; expected return; improved connectivity; local economy; fiscal stance; potential debt; population increase; investment financing; refinancing risk; credit quality; bond issuance; rising debt; macroeconomic development; gross debt; bank finance; high elasticity; fiscal deficit; estimation methodology; aggregate index; physical measure; measurement error; causality issues; infrastructure asset; upper bind; private finance; paved road; water loss; distribution loss; electricity transmission; weighted average; infrastructure efficiency; equal increase; debt level; debt obligation; monetary policy; general equilibrium; foreign currency; transportation infrastructure; significant challenge; beneficiary country; economic integration; project lending; data selection; road corridor; large-scale investment; negative feedback; monetary measure; literature studies; literature review; long-term debt  Réduire