Kazakhstan’s economy depends heavily on extractives, with many other industries linked to them. Perhaps the most telling indicator of a stalled structural transformation is the stagnant spatial organization...
Like many other countries, Kazakhstan’s economic growth has slowed since the 2007–09 global financial crisis. Although the slowdown reflected weaknesses in expanding labor and capital, the most striking...
The objective of the present SME Operational Guidance Note is to support World Bank Group task teams and client countries with the knowledge and tools required for the effective design and implementations...
In understanding the economics of COVID-19, it is useful to start decomposing the issue in four parts: (i) the public health problem, i.e., the characteristics of the disease and its epidemiology; (ii)...
The objective of this deliverable of Component 5, Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E), of the Cluster Competitiveness Project (P154353) is to outline the requirements of a functional M&E setup and to present...
The Cluster Competitiveness Project (P154353) is a Reimbursable Advisory Services Project, which delivered a set of 13 Competitiveness Reinforcement Initiatives (CRI), targeting transformational change...
Romania has not suffered the productivity slowdown and decline that affected most of EU15. In the aftermath of the Global Financial Crisis the country experienced growth in labor productivity, which however...
The overall objective of the Croatia Clusters and global value chain (GVC) Assessment project is to support the Croatian Ministry of Economy, Entrepreneurship, and Crafts (MoEEC) in improving Croatia’s...
Innovation policy is increasingly conceived as the shared responsibility of national and subnational governments, yet most countries are struggling with multilevel governance. This paper provides an overview...