Governments around the world are improving the operational efficiency of national ports through institutional reform, changing the role of port authorities, and increasing use of the private sector. The...
Many governments have begun to deregulate economic activities and decentralize decision making, with the objective of increasing financial viability and productive efficiency in the public sector. In this...
Attempts are being made to control the pollution of the oceans and coastal waters. One major step towards this objective has been the introduction of the MARPOL 73/78 Convention through the International...
The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 (MARPOL 73/78), was promoted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) to prohibit...
The use of outside contractors for some port maintenance tasks offers an attractive alternative to port managers seeking to improve their equipment availability and faced with a poorly staffed and equipped...