In a recent report on middle-income countries, the Independent Evaluation Group (IEG) found that countries and the World Bank Group have been relatively effective in the overarching priority of promoting...
Empirical evidence suggests that the higher-order effects of natural disasters, which affect intangible assets, may be even more important than the material inter-industry effects. However, most existing...
The world faces unprecedented opportunities to reduce global poverty and improve human welfare. Strong global growth and better economic policies in recent years have substantially reduced poverty in many...
This paper brings together the literatures on the political economy of public expenditures and the determinants of economic growth. Based on a new dataset of rural public expenditures in a panel of Latin...
The provision of public goods and the amelioration of market failure are the classical justifications for government intervention in the economy. In reality, (1) governments intervene in markets that are...
After the breakup of the Soviet Union, the commonwealth of independent states (CIS-7) faced exceptional challenges in building new states, democratic institutions, and market economies. All of the CIS-7...
Expansion of cultivated land diminishes the extent of forestlands or reduces the length of fallow periods and, hence, reduces the amount of natural vegetation. The increase in land under cultivation has...
In the past decade the developing countries have tried much harder to achieve macroeconomic stability than they have to eliminate inefficiencies from microeconomic distortions. The author has pursued a...
The author of this report provides cross-country empirical evidence on the relationship between trade and macroeconomic policy and economic growth. He finds that countries following sustainable strategies...
One of the effects of structural adjustment programs in sub - Saharan Africa has been the reduction of imports in the face of scarce foreign exchange. This article takes the analysis of import demand beyond...
Implicit in standard macroeconomics of adjustment is the assumption of well-integrated labor markets that are responsive to relative prices. But segmentation of the labor market is usually said to be an...
The objectives of this paper are : (i) to empirically probe on the validity of the hypothesis that wages are relatively unresponsive to labor market disequlibrium; and (ii) to investigate whether the dramatically...