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  • Greening the Economy of Europe and Central Asia (anglais)

    The impacts of climate change are profoundly affecting the Europe and Central Asia (ECA) region. During the summer of 2023—the warmest summer in history—ECA experienced a particularly intense heat wave...

    Type de document: Rapport Numéro du rapport: 187587 Date du document: 2 février 2024 Mode de publication: Disclosed Auteur: Izvorski,Ivailo V.,Lokshin,Michael M.,Timilsina,Govinda R.,Torre,Ivan

  • The Future of Work Implications for Equity and Growth in Europe (anglais)

    This report aims to contribute to our understanding of the relationship between technology, economic growth, and equity by analyzing the impact of technological progress on firm-level productivity, market...

    Type de document: Rapport Numéro du rapport: 185661 Date du document: 1 décembre 2023 Mode de publication: Disclosed Auteur: Dalvit,Nicolo,De Hoyos Navarro,Rafael E.,Iacovone,Leonardo,Peeva,Aleksandra Peeva,Torre,Ivan

  • The Social Protection Engel Curve (anglais)

    Why do richer countries spend a higher share of their income on social protection than poor countries? A newly assembled dataset on social protection spending for 142 countries since 1995 allows an exploration...

    Type de document: Article de revue Numéro du rapport: 186401 Date du document: 8 août 2023 Mode de publication: Disclosed Auteur: Lokshin,Michael M.,Ravallion,Martin,Torre,Ivan

  • Who Suffers the Most from the Cost-of-Living Crisis ? (anglais)

    This paper constructs cost-of-living indexes for different groups of households to quantify the differences in the distribution of the burden of high inflation among the populations of countries in Europe...

    Type de document: Document de travail de recherche sur les politiques Numéro du rapport: WPS10377 Date du document: 6 avril 2023 Mode de publication: Disclosed Auteur: Lokshin,Michael M.,Sajaia,Zurab,Torre,Ivan

  • Electoral Cycles and Public Spending during the Pandemic (anglais)

    This paper uses a newly assembled data set on various types of social protection spending in 154 countries during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021 to analyze the effect of the electoral cycle on...

    Type de document: Document de travail de recherche sur les politiques Numéro du rapport: WPS10214 Date du document: 20 octobre 2022 Mode de publication: Disclosed Auteur: Lokshin,Michael M.,Rodriguez Ferrari,Aylen,Torre,Ivan

  • Job Tenure and Structural Change in the Transition Economies of Europe (anglais)

    This paper uses labor force survey data for 1995–2020 to analyze the dynamics of job tenure in seven transition economies of Europe and a comparator country (Türkiye). The country-specific age-period-cohort...

    Type de document: Document de travail de recherche sur les politiques Numéro du rapport: WPS10206 Date du document: 13 octobre 2022 Mode de publication: Disclosed Auteur: Bussolo,Maurizio,Lokshin,Michael M.,Oviedo,Nicolás,Torre,Ivan

  • Explaining the Evolution of Job Tenure in Europe, 1995–2020 (anglais)

    During the last quarter century, job tenure in Europe has shortened. Using data from Eurostat Labor Force Surveys of 29 countries from 1995 to 2020 and applying an age-period-cohort decomposition to analyze...

    Type de document: Document de travail de recherche sur les politiques Numéro du rapport: WPS10205 Date du document: 13 octobre 2022 Mode de publication: Disclosed Auteur: Bussolo,Maurizio,Capelle,Damien Fierre Jean,Lokshin,Michael M.,Torre,Ivan,Winkler,Hernan

  • Is Social Protection a Luxury Good ? (anglais)

    The claim that social protection is a luxury good—with a national income elasticity exceeding unity—has been influential. The paper tests the “luxury good hypothesis” using newly-assembled data on social...

    Type de document: Document de travail de recherche sur les politiques Numéro du rapport: WPS10174 Date du document: 13 septembre 2022 Mode de publication: Disclosed Auteur: Lokshin,Michael M.,Ravallion,Martin,Torre,Ivan

  • Protect Incomes or Protect Jobs ? The Role of Social Policies in Post-Pandemic Recovery (anglais)

    This paper examines the effectiveness of income protection and job protection policies for the post-pandemic economic recovery of the second half of 2020 through 2021. The paper is based on a new data...

    Type de document: Document de travail de recherche sur les politiques Numéro du rapport: WPS10166 Date du document: 7 septembre 2022 Mode de publication: Disclosed Auteur: Demirgüç-Kunt,Asli,Lokshin,Michael M.,Torre,Ivan

  • Indirect Effects of COVID-19 Nonpharmaceutical Interventions on Vaccine Acceptance (anglais)

    The information set from which individuals make their decision on vaccination includes signals from trusted agents, such as governments, community leaders, and the media. By implementing restrictions...

    Type de document: Document de travail de recherche sur les politiques Numéro du rapport: WPS10106 Date du document: 24 juin 2022 Mode de publication: Disclosed Auteur: Bussolo,Maurizio,Sarma,Nayantara,Torre,Ivan


  • Measuring Human Capital in Europe and Central Asia (anglais)

    This paper outlines an extension of the Human Capital Index that addresses the specific challenges in education and health faced by countries in Europe and Central Asia. Good basic education will not be...

    Type de document: Document de travail de recherche sur les politiques Numéro du rapport: WPS9458 Date du document: 27 octobre 2020 Mode de publication: Disclosed Auteur: Demirguc-Kunt,Asli,Torre,Ivan

  • Feeling Poor, Feeling Rich, or Feeling Middle-Class : An Empirical Investigation (anglais)

    Based on their objective economic situation and comparing with their peers, individuals form perceptions of their economic position in a society. Data from the three waves of the Life in Transition surveys...

    Type de document: Document de travail de recherche sur les politiques Numéro du rapport: WPS9456 Date du document: 27 octobre 2020 Mode de publication: Disclosed Auteur: Bussolo,Maurizio,Lebrand,Mathilde Sylvie Maria,Torre,Ivan


  • Management Capabilities and Performance of Firms in the Russian Federation (anglais)

    Using the management and operational practices survey in the Russian Federation, this paper finds that an average Russian manufacturing firm adopts 43 percent of the structured management practices (a...

    Type de document: Document de travail de recherche sur les politiques Numéro du rapport: WPS8996 Date du document: 4 septembre 2019 Mode de publication: Disclosed Auteur: Grover,Arti Goswami,Torre,Ivan

  • I Perceive Therefore I Demand : The Formation of Inequality Perceptions and Demand for Redistribution (anglais)

    This paper investigates the link between inequality and demand for redistribution by looking at how individuals form their perceptions of inequality. Most of the literature analyzing demand for redistribution...

    Type de document: Document de travail de recherche sur les politiques Numéro du rapport: WPS8926 Date du document: 28 juin 2019 Mode de publication: Disclosed Auteur: Bussolo,Maurizio,Ferrer-i-Carbonell,Ada,Giolbas,Anna Barbara,Torre,Ivan

  • Vertical and Horizontal Redistribution : The Cases of Western and Eastern Europe (anglais)

    European countries have the world's most redistributive tax and transfer systems. Although they have been well equipped to deal with vertical inequality -- that is, fostering redistribution from the rich...

    Type de document: Document de travail de recherche sur les politiques Numéro du rapport: WPS8657 Date du document: 29 novembre 2018 Mode de publication: Disclosed Auteur: Bussolo,Maurizio,Krolage,Carla,Makovec,Mattia,Peichl,Andreas,Stockli,Marc,Torre,Ivan,Wittneben,Christian

  • Does Job Polarization Explain the Rise in Earnings Inequality ? Evidence from Europe (anglais)

    Earnings inequality and job polarization have increased significantly in several countries since the early 1990s. Using data from European countries covering a 20-year period, this paper provides new evidence...

    Type de document: Document de travail de recherche sur les politiques Numéro du rapport: WPS8652 Date du document: 26 novembre 2018 Mode de publication: Disclosed Auteur: Bussolo,Maurizio,Torre,Ivan,Winkler-Seales,Hernan Jorge