This Brief studies patterns of political engagement among private firms in the European Union (EU). Using representative data, allowing for analysis at the level of NUTS2 regional groupings (EU regions...
Limited access to services and opportunities is systematically linked to poorer development outcomes. In Pakistan, 22.8 million children between the ages of 5 and 16, about forty-four percent do not attend...
Global activity is now moderating from a strong rebound following the pandemic recession. Inflation has risen to become a central concern, with global financial conditions tightening as central banks act...
Firms in the East Asia and Pacific (EAP) region have been hit hard by the COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic, with dramatic and widespread falls in sales and employment. Firm sales in some EAP countries were...
This study of Nepal's SME sector is based on a survey of 932 firms located in 6 districts and spanning four sectors: agri-processing, manufacturing, tourism, and other services. The firm survey, conducted...
Economic theory has long suggested the use of monetary incentives to motivate workers. In practice, however, public bureaucracies and nonprofit organizations are driven by a broader mission that often...
Emerging market countries, particularly India and nations in Sub-Saharan Africa, can benefit from advanced farming technologies that mitigate the effects of climate change and protect environmental resources...
The World Bank has been working in family planning and reproductive health for more than 30 years. As of 2005, the Bank has provided more than 3 billion dollars to finance projects addressing these issues...
This study analyzes the extent of downward bias in the calculation of inequality of opportunity for continuous outcomes such as income. A typically recognized source of bias is the unobserved circumstances...
With rapid urbanization, population growth, and new economic activity, municipal solid waste is increasing at alarming rates, and is expected to almost triple in low and lower middle income countries by...
The diaspora populations from Europe and Central Asia (ECA) countries are large in both absolute and relative terms. Nearly 11 percent of the population in the region resides outside the country of birth...
The full report on which this Quick Note is based argues that Middle East and North Africa's (MENA's) financial systems contributed significantly to these unsatisfactory outcomes by failing to provide...
The social dimensions and benefits of education are being increasingly appreciated in developed and middle-income countries. Among the many social benefits of education, promoting social cohesion in countries...
Do women weather economic shocks differently than men? First-round impacts of economic crises on women's employment should be more prominent in this recent economic downturn than historically because of...
The template is a tool to assess the performance of an urban water supply and sanitation (WSS) service provide by taking into account the governance, policy, and management context it operates in. The...
Floods are a major source of risk for the agricultural sector. Flood risk in the agricultural sector primarily arises from river flooding, flash floods, and coastal flooding. The impacts of floods can...
This document brings together the results of two different approaches to impact evaluation. The first is a theory-based mixed-method approach, which was built on detailed documentary review, exploration...
The private sector exits only a fraction of private infrastructure projects before the contract ends. Yet such cancellations can have a sustained impact on a country's program of public-private partnerships...
The demand for verifiable evidence of results and impacts of development agricultural programs and projects is growing. However, most of the indicators that development practitioners have traditionally...
The view that policies directed at the real exchange rate can have an important effect on economic growth has been gaining adherents in recent years. Unlike the traditional 'misalignment' view that temporary...