Alongside Indonesia’s development over the last decades, its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions rose sharply, making Indonesia the seventh biggest emitter in the world. In 2021, the Indonesian government committed...
The assignment of social programmes to their target population, known as targeting, is key to effective policy implementation. Proxy means testing is a widely used targeting approach where means testing...
This brief has been produced under the World Bank’s Indonesia Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) observatory, a partnership among multiple global practices at the Bank that aims to generate near-real-time...
After more than one year since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, many emerging market economies in Indonesia are still deep in the throes of the battle against the virus, despite the arrival of vaccines...
This brief uses Indonesian household survey data to evaluate the change in targeting errors of a simulated social assistance program through the inclusion of variables of phone credit and internet expenditure...
The assignment of social programmes in Indonesia to their target population, known as targeting, is key to effective policy implementation. Proxy means testing (PMT) is the most widely used targeting approach...
E-commerce is a valuable alternative source of income during the pandemic. Digital merchants appeared to be more resilient than general firms in terms of keeping their business going during the pandemic...
This report focuses on the impacts of COVID-19 on digital merchants in Indonesia through the Bukalapak-World Bank survey conducted between May 20 to June 27, 2020.